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1
Camilleri, Joseph Anthony. « The psychology of partner sexual coercion ». Thesis, Kingston, Ont. : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1323.
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2
Forsberg, Jannike, et Åkesdotter Kajsa. « Sjuksköterskans arbete med sexuell hälsa i vården, en litteraturöversikt ». Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för omvårdnad, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-29148.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Background: On behalf of the National Board of Health, WHO and ICN code of ethics for nurses; are nurses responsible to provide holistic care to their patients. This includes sexual health. Previous studies have revealed serious shortcomings at this point both out in clinical practice but also in nursing training. Therefore, it is of interest to see which recommendations that is available for the nurse to work with sexual health. Aim: To describe recommendations for the nurse's work on sexual health – based on personcentered care. Method: A general literature review with inductive approach of data collection has been used from the databases Cinahl and PubMed. A total of 13 science articles were elected. Results: Three maincathegories was identified for the work of the nurse: basic recommendations, specific recommendations linked to the disease state and models for assessment and intervention. Conclusion: Sexual health is central to human well-being and quality of life. It is important that the work of nurse with sexual health is based on well-functioning principles and models, such as described in this literature review.Bakgrund: På uppdrag av Socialstyrelsen, WHO och ICN:s etiska kod för sjuksköterskor ansvarar sjuksköterskan för att ge holistisk omvårdnad till sina patienter. Detta inbegriper den sexuella hälsan. Tidigare studier visar på allvarliga brister på denna punkt både i den kliniska verkligheten men även i sjuksköterskeutbildningen. Därför är det av intresse att se vilka rekommendationer som finns tillgängliga för sjuksköterskan att använda i omvårdnadsarbetet med sexuell hälsa. Syfte: Att beskriva rekommendationer för sjuksköterskans arbete med sexuell hälsa - utifrån personcentrerad omvårdnad. Metod: En allmän litteraturöversikt med induktiv ansats har använts. Datainsamlingen har gjorts från databaserna Cinahl och PubMed. Sammanlagt valdes 13 vetenskapliga artiklar ut. Resultat: Tre övergripande huvudkategorier identifierades för sjuksköterskans arbete med sexuell hälsa: grundläggande rekommendationer, specifika rekommendationer kopplat till sjukdomstillstånd samt modeller för bedömning och intervention. Slutsats: Då den sexuella hälsan är central för människans välbefinnande och livskvalitet är det viktigt att sjuksköterskans arbete med sexuell hälsa bygger på vedertagna välfungerande rekommendationer och modeller.
3
Blunt, Heather. « "People aren't mind readers" : A study of sexual self-concept, partner communication, and sexual satisfaction ». Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3981.
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Sexual health is an important component to overall well-being and quality of life. Yet so much of sexual health research is focused solely on the negative consequences of sexuality, such as unintended pregnancy and transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Recently, the need for a positive, health promotion focused framework for research and understanding sexual health has received attention, including from the World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This transition of public health research and practice from a disease-based framework to a positive, health promotion framework necessitates exploring what factors are associated with positive sexuality and how it is experienced. This study contributed to fulfilling this need.
This study focused on healthy sexuality in young college women. Specifically, this study sought to explore what young women find sexually satisfying in different types of sexual relationships (e.g., casual and committed partners). Next, this study identified variables that are important to the healthy sexuality of young college women, including sexual self-concept, communication with sexual partners, sexual satisfaction, and condom use. Lastly, this study aimed to understand the statistical relationship between these variables.
This was a two-phase mixed methods study. Phase one consisted of thirty face to face individual interviews with college women aged 18-25 years, and took place in the fall semester of 2011 and the spring semester 2012 at a large public urban university located in the southeastern United States. Phase two took place in the spring semester 2012 and consisted of an online quantitative survey measuring sexual self-concept, communication with partners, sexual satisfaction and condom use. Analyses for the quantitative data included bivariate correlations and structural equation modeling.
Qualitative results indicated that these young college women experienced sexual satisfaction with both committed and casual sexual partners, although they identified different reasons why each type of partnership was satisfying. Specifically, the emotional connection and comfort felt with committed relationship partners made sex satisfaction. With more casual or uncommitted partners, these women identified the benefits of maintaining their freedom and not having an obligation to another person. These young women shared their thoughts on how sex could be more satisfying for women and they indicated that communicating sexual desires and needs to partners as one of the most important factors.
The quantitative portion of this study found that sexual self-concept was directly positively associated with communication with sexual partners (B=1.45, 95% CI=1.05 1.84, beta=.72), and directly positively related to sexual satisfaction (B=.49, 95% CI= .70, 2.35, beta=.49). Communication with partners was associated with lower discrepancies between wanted and experienced sexual activities (B=-3.96, 95% CI=-4.96, -2.95,
beta=-.41). For respondents reporting on committed partnerships, communication with partners was directly related to higher sexual satisfaction (B=.74, 95% CI=.17, 1.32, beta=.43). For those reporting on casual sexual partners, communication was related to sexual satisfaction only through lower sexual activity discrepancy scores (B=.07, 95% CI=.01, .13, beta=.04).
Overall the findings from this study suggest that communicating with casual sexual partners impacts sexual satisfaction partially through decreasing the discrepancies between wanted and experienced sexual activities. However, for committed partners, discrepancies were not significantly related to sexual satisfaction, directly or indirectly, although communication was directly associated with sexual satisfaction. This suggests that communication is impacting sexual satisfaction through a different mechanism for committed partners than casual partners.
The significance of this study lies in its contribution to the positive sexuality literature, which is currently still in its infancy. This study has implications for public health practice in the improvement of health promotion/sex education programs. This study identified sexual self-concept and communication between partners as important factors for achieving authentic sexual experiences. The implications of this study for public health research include the identification of variables important to understanding women's experience of positive sexuality. Specifically, this study found sexual self-concept to be important to communication and sexual satisfaction, and identified communication as important for both risk reduction (e.g., condom use) and sexual health promotion (e.g., sexual satisfaction).
4
Taylor, Desta, et Stacey L. Williams. « Partner Violence Types, Sexual Assault, and Psychosocial Outcomes Among Women ». Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8123.
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In 2002, 28.9% of women reported experiencing some form of intimate partner violence (IPV) in their lifetime (Coker et al., 2002). Previous literature has linked IPV with negative mental health outcomes such as depression, anxiety, and low self esteem (Coker et al., 2002). Few studies have examined the relationship between different types of IPV (physical, psychological, sexual abuse and assault) and outcomes. The studies on IPV types to date have examined their links with mental illnesses and pathologies (i.e. Coker et al., 2002; Hazen et al., 2008; Hedtke et al., 2008), but less so to broader psychosocial variables such as perceived control. In a previous study of ours, we examined perceived control as a possible mediator between IPV in general and outcomes of anxiety and self-esteem (Taylor & Williams, 2009). The present study extends this prior work by assessing the relation between different types of IPV (i.e., physical, psychological, sexual abuse by a partner, and sexual assault including self-identification as rape victim) and perceived control and anxiety. Participants consisted of 424 female college students at a southeastern university who completed an online survey about various life events they may have experienced and their self-related beliefs. Multiple regression analysis was conducted with all IPV types examined simultaneously, to determine the type(s) the unique relations between each type of IPV and sexual assault and low perceived control and anxiety among women. Results revealed that psychological IPV was significantly related to lower perceived control (b =.250, p<.01) and greater anxiety (b =.386, p<.001). In addition, self identification as a rape victim was significantly related to greater anxiety (b =.252, p<.05). Thus, psychological abuse consistently emerged as uniquely predictive of psychosocial outcomes. Future research should further assess the relations between types of IPV and other psychosocial variables such as self-esteem, and self-efficacy.
5
Klingemann, Sven D. « Adolescent romantic and sexual relationships partner types, quality and mental health / ». [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3232570.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Sociology, 2006."Title from dissertation home page (viewed July 9, 2007)." Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-08, Section: A, page: 3169. Adviser: Jane McLeod.
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Miller, Brooke L. W. « Sexual conflict and partner manipulation in the Banana slug, Ariolimax dolichophallus / ». Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2007. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Haning, R. Vernon. « Intimacy, orgasm likelihood of both partners, conflict, and partner response predict sexual satisfaction in heterosexual male and female respondents ». Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2005. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=582.
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Cleary, Jennifer L. « Discussing sexual health with a partner, a qualitative study with young women ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ61884.pdf.
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Ross, Lindsey L. « The role of heuristics in sexual decision making among college students determining when "a known partner becomes a safe partner" / ». Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1798967371&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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10
Boy, Angela. « Intimate partner violence among Latinas in Central Alabama ». Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2010. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2010p/boy.pdf.
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Lippy, Caroline. « Violence Outside to Violence Within : The Experience of Sexual Minorities in Schools and Intimate Relationships ». Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia State University, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/psych_theses/51/.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2008.Title from title page (Digital Archive@GSU, viewed June 14, 2010) Julia Perilla, committee chair; Roger Bakeman, Gabriel Kuperminc, committee members. Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-94).
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Atlas, Hannah E. « Intersections of Vulnerabilities : Intimate Partner Violence, Sexual Health, and the Immigrant Woman's Experience ». Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/731.
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According to the World Health Organization, one in three women worldwide have experienced physical and/or sexual violence perpetrated by a partner. Through a number of biological pathways, intimate partner violence (IPV) has a direct effect on women’s health, particularly their sexual health. IPV has been found in numerous bodies of research to disproportionately affect immigrant communities. This literature review examined the prevalence and epidemiological significance of IPV among the Latina and Asian immigrant communities in the United States and the effects on these populations’ sexual health outcomes. My findings demonstrate the burden of this issue is exacerbated by manifestations of structural violence and anti-immigrant sentiments in American society. I found the majority of clinical literature did not factor in structural and systematic disparities such as linguistic barriers, inaccessibility of the health and legal systems, precariousness of citizenship, and shortcomings of public education as contributors to adverse sexual health outcomes. The contexts and circumstances of immigrant women also tend to be homogenized in the public discourse on IPV with little attention paid to the specific socio-cultural elements that shape survivors’ experiences. Lastly, the language employed in the discussion of partner violence is highly hetero-normative and cis-gendered. Partner violence must be treated as the serious public health crisis it is. Strategies to address this issue must be implemented in a timely, culturally, and contextually appropriate manner across all settings guided by an intersectional lens.
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De, Gourville Esther Mary. « Heterosexual transmission of HIV/AIDS in Trinidad and Tobago : a sexual partner study ». Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339207.
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Scheer, Jillian Ryan. « Trauma-Informed Care for Sexual and Gender Minority Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence ». Thesis, Boston College, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:107451.
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Thesis advisor: V. Paul PoteatIntimate partner violence (IPV) occurs in LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer) relationships at rates equal to or even higher than cisgender heterosexual relationships (Walters, Chen, & Breidig, 2013). The health consequences of IPV are well documented (Kwako et al., 2011). Trauma-informed care (TIC) is one service approach receiving increasing support for use with IPV survivors (Warshaw, Lyon, Phillips, & Hooper, 2014). Nevertheless, there is little research exploring the association between TIC and health among LGBTQ IPV survivors. Immobilization is prevalent for IPV survivors for whom fight or flight may increase risk of violence during traumatic situations (van der Kolk, 1989). TIC might be well-positioned to counter these immobilizing effects in effort to facilitate mobilization and better health for IPV survivors. The relationship between TIC and health through mobilizing mechanisms has not yet been tested. This study examined several mobilizing mechanisms as mediating the relationship between TIC and health including: 1) lower social withdrawal; 2) lower shame; 3) greater emotion regulation; and, 4) greater empowerment. Among 227 LGBTQ adults, structural equation modeling analyses tested the relationship between TIC and health, and the mediating effects of lower social withdrawal and shame, and greater emotion regulation and empowerment on the relationship between TIC and health. Results indicated that the direct effects of TIC on mental and physical health were not significant. Indirect effects of TIC on mental and physical health through the set of mobilizing mechanisms were not significant. However, TIC did predict greater empowerment and emotion regulation and lower social withdrawal. Lower social withdrawal and lower shame also predicted better mental health, while lower shame and emotion regulation predicted better physical health. Practitioners need to uncover additional services and resources beyond TIC that could improve health among LGBTQ IPV survivors. Research should continue to examine the potential effects of TIC in addition to how it is applied in the context of evidence-based treatment programs that are adapted for sexual and gender minorities
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2018
Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education
Discipline: Counseling, Developmental and Educational Psychology
15
Smith, Shanna Renn. « Sexual Orientation and Intimate Partner Violence Among Women Who Have Sex With Women ». ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5783.
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Limited knowledge exists about sexual orientation and intimate partner violence among women who have sex with women. These women are at risk for adverse physical and mental health hygiene outcomes that may result from unhealthy lifestyles secondary to intimate partner violence. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between sexual orientation and intimate partner violence among women who have sex with women. The constructs of the biopsychosocial model guided the study and examination of the relationships among biological factors (sexual orientation), social contexts (support of family and friends and use of community services), and psychological influence (mental health status) on intimate partner violence among women who have sex with women. The study was a quantitative cross-sectional analysis of archived data from the 2010 National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey. Forward stepwise logistic regression indicated a statistically significant relationship between sexual orientation and intimate partner violence victimization (p < .05) Annual household income, race, family/proximal support, and support of community were significant predictors of intimate partner violence victimization. The social change implications of the study are that findings may inform design and implementation of policies, services, and interventions that target the diverse needs of female same-sex intimate partner violence victims.
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Carpenter, Rachel K., Gabrielle L. Cook et Jill D. Stinson. « Neighborhood-Level Predictors of Intimate Partner Sexual Violence : A Nested Case Control Study ». Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7876.
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Intimate partner sexual violence (IPSV) is a significant public health problem, with recent prevalence rates suggesting that 15.8% of women and 9.5% of men have experienced sexual assault by an intimate partner (Center for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2019). Intimate partner sexual violence is referred to by various terms, all of which can include a range of sexually abusive behaviors that occur within the context of a current or former intimate relationship.
While there is a growing body of research documenting environmental influences on intimate partner violence (IPV) generally, (e.g., socioeconomic conditions, social disorganization, community violence, rurality, availability of firearms; Peterson and Krivo, 2009; Sampson et al., 2002; Voith, 2019) little research has focused solely on environmental influences on IPSV. Additionally, the majority of IPSV research has only examined individual-level predictors of IPSV (e.g., alcohol and drug use, education level, racial inequality, aggression; Bagwell-Gray, Messing, & Baldwin-White, 2015), while ignoring the possible community-level influences. The goal of the current study is to examine both a range of neighborhood and individual-level predictors to explore factors that may influence the occurrence of IPSV.
Data for this exploratory project were obtained from the Tennessee Bureau of Investigation’s (TBI) online incident-based reporting system, which included reported IPSV cases in all 95 counties in Tennessee (n = 86,567). Additional community-level variables were retrieved from the County Health Rankings and Roadmaps website. Neighborhood-level predictors include community violence, poverty, unemployment, income inequality, alcohol outset density, rurality, and firearm permits. Individual-level variables include the relationship type (intimate, family, acquaintance), the age of the victim and perpetrator (under 18, 18-24, 25-34, 35-44, 45-54, 55-64, and 65 and over), and ethnicity. Dependent variables include four categories of sexual assault (forcible rape, sexual assault with an object, forcible fondling, and forcible sodomy).
Due to the rare nature of sexual assaults, a nested case control design was used to evaluate the possible community- and individual-level factors impacting occurrence of IPSV. Each individual case of IPSV (four types of sexual assault; n = 2,678) were randomly matched to 5 simple assault cases (n = 47,896) that matched on age, race, and gender. Once cases are fully matched, multinomial logistic regression will be employed to determine the strongest community- and individual level predictors of IPSV. At present, we are continuing to match cases and estimate this to be completed by May.
By assessing the relations among environmental and individual influences on IPSV, this study may potentially inform community-level interventions to prevent sexual violence. An intimate partner’s susceptibility to sexual abuse may be influenced by their current environment, compounded further by known individual-level predictors of IPSV. Particularly true to IPSV, sexual assaults have been known to occur “behind closed doors,” which makes enacting social change and employing specific interventions difficult. By understanding both the individual and larger community predictors of IPSV, legal, clinical, and policy interventions may be better tailored to address the occurrence of sexual assault.
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Nemeth, Julianna Maria. « Intimate Partner and/or Sexual Gender-based Violence and Smoking in Ohio Appalachia ». The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1429731984.
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Smith, Rachel Marie. « A Community Engaged Approach to Address Intimate Partner Violence among Sexual Minority Women ». PDXScholar, 2016. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3323.
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In response to a dearth of empirical literature concerning the mechanisms underlying female same-sex intimate partner violence (FSSIPV) perpetration, the purpose of this research is to inform intimate partner violence intervention and prevention strategies specific to sexual minority women. The research responds in particular, this research aims to inform a working intersectional model predicting FSSIPV perpetration, and to evaluate the face validity and construct coverage of existing survey measures related to gender, minority stress, and violence. Fourteen lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer women recruited from the greater Portland, Oregon area participated in a series of in-depth, semi-structured, open-ended one-on-one and focus group interviews. Participant recruitment involved a combination of purposive and convenience sampling methods aided by the involvement of multiple community partners working in violence and education related fields. Interview and focus group questions addressed participants' experiences with gender role stress and minority stress. Grounded theory analysis of participants' narrative responses informed the coverage and relevance of constructs in a working intersectional model predicting women's use of violence in their same-gender intimate relationships. In particular, findings indicate that sexual minority women's experiences of gender role stress and minority stress, particularly in combination, were especially influential on their identities. Sexual minority women's experiences with minority stressors were not confined to minority stressors specific to their gender identities and sexual orientations, but intersected with minority stressors related to race and class as well. These findings support an intersectional and contextually-minded approach to IPV intervention and prevention strategies.
19
Novakova, Lucia. « PERCEPTIONS IN PREDICTING ACTOR AND PARTNER SEXUAL AND RELATIONAL SATISFACTION IN COUPLE RELATIONSHIPS ». UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/hes_etds/37.
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The present exploration of perceptual accuracy and bias in romantic relationships bridges a gap in the literature on the ability of partners to estimate one another’s level of relational and sexual satisfaction, and its impact on their own and their partner’s level of satisfaction. A sample of 50 couples, recruited internationally, in continuously monogamous relationships of at least six-months in length completed online assessments of their relationship. The degree of accuracy and bias of their perception was established by comparing actor’s estimates of their partner’s satisfaction with the partner’s actual, self-reported satisfaction scores. The actor-partner interdependence model (APIM; Kenny, Kashy, & Cook, 2006) revealed significant partner effects (but no actor effects): the underestimation of perceived partner’s sexual and relational satisfaction predicted an increase in partner’s actual sexual and relational satisfaction. Overestimation of partner’s satisfaction, on the other hand, predicted a decrease in partner’s actual satisfaction. Authors hypothesize that under-perception of partner’s satisfaction motivates corrective relationship behaviors, which, in turn, increases the experience of satisfaction of the relationship partner.
20
Howard, Rachel M. « Exploring the ideal partner preferences of people with disabilities ». Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2016. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/14973/.
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There is a growing number of initiatives aiming to support people with intellectual disability (ID) to find romantic partners but minimal relevant research to inform these initiatives. The present study explored the ideal partner preferences of people with Down’s syndrome (DS); a genetic disorder resulting in ID. Adults with DS (5 male, 5 female) completed an interview incorporating the repertory grid from Personal Construct Psychology to explore their ideal partner preferences, explanations for these and how they relate to their perceptions of actual partners and self. Interview data was subjected to content analysis, thematic analysis and analysis using Idiogrid. Participants typically preferred partners who were good looking, warm, employed, nondisabled and similar to them with the exception of having no disability. Partner’s parental approval also appeared to be important. Explanations were grouped into five themes. Actual partners were typically dissimilar from ideal partners, including all but one having ID. Four participants’ more unique ways of thinking about people were also discussed. Five participants had a current partner. These relationships appeared to be maintained by valuing unconventional traits such as disability or managing expectations of a partner by making compromises or employing psychological defences. Initiatives aimed at facilitating relationships for people with DS may benefit from incorporating a service dedicated to helping them communicate their ideal partner preferences and process feelings linked with managing expectations. One area of future research could evaluate how best to facilitate these conversations.
21
Walker, Erin M. « Help-seeking engagement among young female survivors of intimate partner violence a qualitative inquiry / ». Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company ; downloadable PDF file 0.46 Mb., 215 p, 2005. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1430762.
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Sanchez, Meyerlyn Leticia. « The Resilience Experiences in Non-Binary Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence and Sexual Assault ». The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1556796935295631.
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Broodo, Beth (Beth Lauren). « Influence of Family Environment on Ease of Discussion of Sexual Issues With a Partner ». Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277679/.
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The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between ease of discussion of sexual likes and dislikes with a sexual partner and religious, expressive, and affectional influences in the family of origin.
24
Etkind, Susan. « Childhood Sexual Abuse Experiences and Their Correlates Among Female Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence ». NSUWorks, 2010. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/cps_stuetd/28.
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Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and intimate partner violence (IPV) are both crimes with high prevalence rates which frequently have females as their victims. Survivors of each are frequently found in psychotherapy, yet to date few studies have examined the interaction between each form of gender violence. The present study looked at several ways in which CSA and IPV interact, including assessing prevalence rates of CSA among female IPV survivors, examining somatic difficulties found among female CSA survivors who are also survivors of IPV vs. female non-CSA IPV survivor controls, and by exploring body image and sexual difficulties found among female CSA survivors who are also survivors of IPV vs. female non-CSA IPV survivor controls. Participants were a sample of 140 women with a history of domestic violence recruited from a variety of settings including community mental health facilities and correctional facilities.
Results showed that all three forms of childhood maltreatment studied (CSA, childhood physical abuse (CPA), and childhood witnessing of IPV) were elevated among survivors of IPV; rates of CSA were 51.4% within our sample of female survivors of IPV, rates of CPA were 52.1%, and rates of childhood witnessing of IPV were 67.1% within the same sample. Among various somatic complaints studied (sleep difficulties, depression, eating difficulties, and weight problems), female CSA survivors of IPV evidenced higher rates of childhood sleep difficulties, childhood and adulthood depression, and adulthood eating difficulties than did female non-CSA IPV survivor controls. While participants overall evidenced high rates of problems with body image and sexuality, there were no significant differences between female CSA survivors of IPV and female non-CSA IPV survivor controls within this study. Possible reasons underlying the latter negative findings were discussed. Both groups showed higher rates of body image and sexual dysfunction than would be predicted for normative participants, though given the absence of a normal control group in the present study it is difficult to discern how much higher these rates might be.
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Bridges, Ana Julia. « Romantic couples and partner use of sexually explicit material : the mediating role of cognitions for dyadic and sexual satisfaction / ». View online ; access limited to URI, 2007. http://0-digitalcommons.uri.edu.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/AAI3298364.
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Curci, William P. Alhassoon Omar Lincoln Alan. « Examining the Roles of Mortality Salience, Partner Gender, Self Esteem and Peer Risky Sexual Behavior in Risky Sexual Behavior among Men ». Thesis, Alliant International University, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10930390.
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Two studies tested whether reminders of safe sex and risky sex would lead to higher mortality salience, and if that higher mortality salience would lead men who have sex with men to be more sexually risky than men who have sex with women. In Study 1, both partner gender groups reported higher mortality salience after the risky sex and death primes, but not after the safe sex or the control primes. In Study 2, the men in both groups only reported higher mortality salience after the death primes. Partner gender moderated the effect of mortality salience primes on men’s willingness to engage in risky sexual behavior. Men who have sex with women reported greater willingness to engage in risky sexual behaviors than men who have sex with men after the death prime, and less willingness after the safe sex prime, compared to both the risky sex and control prime. Men who have sex with men did not report any differences in their willingness to engage in risky sexual behavior after any of the priming conditions. Estimates of peer engagement in risky sexual behavior correlated with both groups willingness to engage in risky sexual behavior, whereas self-esteem did not significantly correlate, moderate or mediate willingness to engage in risky sexual behavior in either group. Combining data from Study 1 and Study 2 found both groups reported higher mortality salience after the risky sex and death primes, but not after the safe sex or control primes. Implications for partner gender differences in responses to mortality salience as well as how to design safe-sex interventions are discussed.
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Eisert, Brady C. « Pinpointing Pornography's Effects : Paring Off the Influences of Masturbation, Sexual Desire Discrepancy, and Sexual Engagement in Heterosexual Dyads ». BYU ScholarsArchive, 2021. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/9151.
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Pornography has increasingly become a hot topic of discussion in the United States, likely due to its increasing rate of consumption. Recent scholarship has indicated the need to account for factors such as masturbation and sexual desire discrepancy when conducting pornography research. The current study isolated the influence pornography use had on those in heterosexual romantic relationships (N=713 couples) by parsing out the effects of sexual desire discrepancy and masturbation. This was done by using a series of nested actor-partner interdependence models (APIM) to see how the relationships between pornography use and sexual satisfaction changed in each model. Masturbation and sexual desire discrepancy were also investigated as potential moderators for the APIMs to explore the effects the levels of these variables had on that relationship. Results from these analyses demonstrated that the best-fitting model included measures of masturbation, sexual desire discrepancy, and sexual engagement (i.e., controls for the values making up sexual desire discrepancy), and that adding each of these variables to the model significantly changed pornography use's actor and partner effects. Masturbation and sexual desire discrepancy were not found to moderate these relationships. A discussion of the research implications of these findings, the limitations of this study, future directions for research, and clinical implications of this study are also presented.
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Back, Madeleine. « Determinants of Intimate Partner SexualViolence against Women in India ». Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-41032.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Intimate partner sexual violence (IPSV) is a public health problem andprimarily affects women. Almost 30% of all women who have been in arelationship with a man, have experienced physical or sexual violence by theirpartner in their life. Even though sexual violence is being investigated inIndia, the determinants of sexual violence are thus far little investigated,specifically the determinants of IPSV. The purpose of the study was toexamine the demographic and socioeconomic determinants of IPSV againstwomen in India. The study was carried out using a quantitative method basedon secondary data from the National Family Health Survey 4 (NFHS-4). Thevariables used was age, residential area, education, religion, wealth index andemployment (current/all year/seasonal). Descriptive statistics, Chi-square testand a multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data.The results indicated that younger women experienced more IPSV than olderwomen, and women in rural areas lived through more IPSV than women inurban areas. However, were women with urban residency were more likely tobe exposed to IPSV, which indicates that urban residency can be a risk factorfor sexual violence. A remarkable finding was that the prevalence of IPSVamong working women was higher (9%) than nonworking women (6%), butthat the adjusted ORs showed no correlation between working status andIPSV. Current study has added further evidence of IPSV in India, usingnationally representative samples. Younger women with lower educationshould be emphasized and seen as a risk group for IPSV. An in-depth studyregarding the partner’s characteristics in India is warranted and an importantstep to chart additional determinants for IPSV.Betyg i Ladok 201214.
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Fardal, Juliane B., et Emma Grennert. « “Man går i någon slags ingenmansland” Upplevelser av sexuell smärta ur partners perspektiv ». Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-65592.
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Aronsson, Hanna. « On Sexual Imprinting in Humans ». Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Zoologiska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-57270.
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In this thesis I investigate whether human sexual preferences develop through sexual imprinting. Sexual imprinting is the acquisition of sexual preferences through non-rewarded experiences with parents and siblings during an early sensitive period and it is known to exist in many other animals. Learning is often sex specific so that males, for instance, learn to prefer as sexual partners individuals that look like their mother, and avoid individuals that look like their father. First, sexual imprinting in animals and humans is reviewed and compared to prevailing evolutionary views presupposing genetically determined sexual preferences. Further, by means of web surveys, I have explored the relationship between childhood exposure to parents with certain natural and cultural traits and sexual attraction to these traits in a partner. Cultural traits were included because it is unlikely that preferences for them are genetically determined adaptations. Parental effects varied between traits. For instance, in heterosexual males, a positive effect of mother was found on attraction to smoking, but not glasses, while a negative paternal effect was found on attraction to glasses, but not smoking. However, when maternal and paternal effects were investigated for a large number of artificial and natural traits, including smoking and glasses, an overall positive effect of opposite sex parent emerged in both heterosexual males and females. Additionally, in the last study we explored a sexual preference for pregnant and lactating women. Results suggest that exposure to a pregnant and lactating mother had an effect if it occurred when the respondent was between 1,5 and 5 years old. In conclusion, these results suggest that human sexual preferences are the result of sex specific learning during a sensitive period. Sexual imprinting should therefore be recognised as a plausible explanation to human sexual preferences that deserves further scientific investigation.At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 3: Manuscript. Paper 4: Manuscript.
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Birmingham, Liane A., Jacquelyn Mosley et Ana Bridges. « Perceptions of Sexual Assault in Young Adult Romantic Relationships ». Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/secfr-conf/2019/schedule/8.
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Sexual assault on college campuses continues to be a pervasive public health issue with approximately one in five women experiencing sexual assault. Stranger rape is most commonly what people think of when they think of sexual assault, however, acquaintance rape is the most common form of sexual assault. Yet, victims are blamed more in acquaintance rape as compared to stranger rape situations. Thus, the perceptions of sexual assault occurring in various romantic relationships warrants further attention. Using an online survey at a large southern university, the current study examines the perceptions of college students, in various sexual assault scenarios, including stranger, acquaintance, committed dating, cohabitating, and marital. In addition, the levels of victim blame, rape myths, sexual attitudes and beliefs, and hostility toward women are examined. Findings may help inform future prevention efforts to help reduce rape myths regarding dating and marital rape.
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Brown, Sacha Devine. « Creative Performance, Creative Partner Preference, and Creative Perception : A Test of Fisher's Runaway Sexual Selection Theory ». Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146888.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Prior research suggests that creativity is a trait women find attractive in potential male romantic partners. This study applied Fisher's theory of runaway sexual selection to creativity. Fisher's theory predicts that when a trait with no apparent adaptive advantage is found sexually attractive, both prevalence of and preference for the trait should increase over evolutionary time. This study hypothesized that creative performance and creative partner preference would be correlated, as predicted by this theory. It was believed that perception of creativity would be necessary if individuals are to successfully identify it in partners, which would then allow for the runaway chain of events identified by Fisher to occur. Creative self-perception was hypothesized to correlate with the creative performance and creative partner preference as well. Study participants (198 heterosexual undergraduate females) were given measures of the three constructs of interest and general intelligence was also assessed. Results supported Fisher's runaway sexual selection theory and the hypothesized relationship between creative performance, creative partner preference, and creative self-perception. This study found that women high in creativity were also more likely to prefer that potential partners be higher in creativity and were also more likely to perceive themselves as creative. Previous findings that creative performance and intelligence are related were also supported. Implications of these findings and future research directions are discussed.
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Schafer, Christelle. « A Comparison Between Male Perpetrators Of Intimate Partner Violence and Child Sexual Abuse : A Feminist Perspective ». Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/6013.
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The purpose of this study was to explore whether attributes of sex role identity and gender role stress differed between perpetrators of child sexual abuse (CSA) and perpetrators of intimate partner violence (IPV). The primary research question posed in the research sought to determine if participants' attitudes on gender role stereotyping or gender role stress were significantly different between perpetrators of CSA and perpetrators of IPV. Participants in this study were a convenience sample of adult males with histories of CSA and IPV from two different outpatient counseling programs. Participants completed the Bem Sex Role Inventory-Short Form (BSRI-SF) and the Male Gender Role Stress (MGRS) scales to investigate whether the gender role attributes and gender role stress scores of the perpetrators of CSA and IPV were (a) similar or different from each other and (b) whether they fell outside the norms established by the two standardized instruments. This study utilized multiple regression and one sample t-tests to analyze the data. There was a statistically significant relationship between perpetrator type and the BSRI-SF and MGRS scores. Additionally, perpetrators of CSA and IPV had lower scores on the MGRS scale than those men in previous research. Additional research was suggested to further explore the relationship between gender role stereotypes and gender role stress on the perpetration of CSA.Ph.D.
Doctorate
Dean's Office, Health and Public Affairs
Health and Public Affairs
Public Affairs
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Souza, André Rodrigues de. « After all, what do wasps want ? The choice of sexual partner in the paper wasps Polistes ». Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2015. http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/8429.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
A escolha do parceiro sexual é de fundamental importância, pois existem profundas consequências de aptidão para os indivíduos. Isto é particularmente importante quando fêmeas são geneticamente monogâmicas e devem armazenar os espermatozoides do macho por muito tempo e quando cópulas incestuosas podem aumentar a chances de alelos deletérios recessivos se expressarem. Vespas sociais como Polistes se enquadram nesta situação, mas surpreendentemente pouco se sabe a respeito de como a seleção sexual opera nesse táxon. Assim, Nós realizamos ensaios laboratoriais com Polistes simillimus para examinar se a ornamentação visual no macho media a escolha do parceiro sexual pela fêmea. Além disso, nós examinamos em campo se a ornamentação visual em machos de Polistes dominula é utilizada para mediar a competição entre machos. Finalmente, nós examinamos, em laboratório, se há ocorrência de reconhecimento intersexual de companheiro de ninho em Polistes versicolor. Os resultados sugerem que a escolha do parceiro sexual é um fenômeno comum em vespas sociais; tal escolha é mediada por informações visuais e químicas; e benefícios em aptidão associados à qualidade individual do macho e à compatibilidade genética são prováveis explicações para a evolução da escolha do parceiro sexual em vespas sociais.
The choice of sexual partner is of fundamental importance, as there are deep consequences for the animal fitness. This is particularly important when females are genetically monogamic and must store male sperm for a long time and when incestuous copulations may increase probability for the expression of recessive deleterious alleles. Social paper wasps like Polistes fit this situation, but surprisingly little is known about how sexual selection operates in this taxon. Here, we examine proximal and ultimate causes involved in the choice of sexual partner in Polistes paper wasps. We conducted laboratory assays with Polistes simillimus to examine if male visual ornamentation mediates female choice. Also, we examined in the field wether visual ornamentation in Polistes dominula males is used to mediate male- male competition. Finally, we examined, under laboratory conditions, the occurrence of intersexual nestmate discimination by chemical cues in Polistes versicolor. The results suggest that mate choice is a widespread phenomena in Polistes; It is mediated by visual and chemical information; and fitness benefits associated with male individual quality and genetic compatibility are likely candidates to explain the ultimade causes for the evolution of mate choice in these wasps.
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Zerubavel, Noga. « Restricted Awareness in Intimate Partner Violence : The Effect of Childhood Sexual Abuse and Fear of Abandonment ». Miami University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1373037701.
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Kleppe, Anna Elizabeth. « Tactics of Sexual Control and Negative Health Outcomes ». Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6279.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Intimate partner sexual violence (IPSV) is a concerning, yet relatively understudied form of intimate partner violence (IPV). Furthermore, the majority of research regarding sexual violence fails to differentiate between different forms of control used to facilitate this violence. Although IPV has been linked to a multitude of adverse physical and health outcomes, it is less clear how these outcomes vary by type of control experienced. Using data from the 2010 National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS), the current study examines the physical and non-physical tactics used to facilitate sexual violence, and the associated health outcomes. Potential gender differences in tactics experienced and resulting victim health are also explored.
Results show that while physical force is associated with the greatest number of health outcomes, all three tactics are related to reporting adverse health. Additionally, gender analyses reveal that women are more likely to suffer from frequent headaches, injuries, and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and to report a greater number of physical health outcomes and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms, while men who experienced physically forced sexual violence are more likely to report overall worse mental health than their female counterparts. These findings, along with policy implications and directions for future research, are then discussed.
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McSwain, Johnnetta D. « An Analysis of Programs and Services Designed to Ameliorate Intimate Partner Violence and Sexual Violence Among Women with a History of Child Sexual Abuse ». DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2015. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/cauetds/23.
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This study examines programs and services designed to ameliorate and prevent intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual violence (SV) among women with a history of child sexual abuse (CSA) under the Violence Against Women Act and the Department of Justice Reauthorization Act, 2005. Fifty-seven (57) survey participants at the 30th National Symposium on Child Abuse Conference were selected for the study utilizing non-probability convenience sampling. The survey participants comprised of workers or volunteers in all aspects of child maltreatment. In sum, 55 (or 100%) of the participants revealed that they agreed that there is a critical need for more program and services designed to ameliorate and prevent IPV, DV and SV among women with a history of CSA.
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Holloway, Jenna, et Jacquelyn Mosley. « Sexual Assault among Students with Disabilities : The Hidden Victims ». Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/secfr-conf/2019/schedule/9.
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There has been a heightened effort to research the overwhelming prevalence of sexual assault on college campuses. Female undergraduates are the most common victims, with rates of one in five experiencing nonconsensual sexual contact during their college years. However, there is very little research that has examined sexual assault among students with disabilities. Students with intellectual disability are sexually assaulted at rates more than seven times higher than students with no disabilities. Thus, students with disabilities are hidden victims who experience sexual violence at extremely high rates. The current study used an online survey to assess the prevalence of sexual assault among students with disabilities at a large southern university. Findings may help inform future prevention efforts to help the high rates of sexual violence rates among students with disabilities on college campuses.
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Gorski, Edward James. « DIFFERENCES IN MENTAL HEALTH OUTCOMES BETWEEN HETEROSEXUAL AND SEXUAL MINORITY VICTIMS OF EMOTIONAL AND PHYSICAL INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE ». Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1591702156659855.
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Beltran-Medina, Laura. « The Development of Intimate Partner Relationships Among Men Sexually Abused as Children ». Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1367334124.
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Lippy, Caroline A. « Lean on me : Informal social networks and the prevention of intimate partner violence in sexual minority communities ». Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/psych_diss/90.
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Research finds that intimate partner violence (IPV) occurs at comparable rates for heterosexuals and sexual minorities; however, few IPV prevention programs exist for sexual minority communities. Most programs are developed on heterosexuals and ignore the unique contexts and dynamics of IPV for sexual minorities. Community capacity IPV prevention programs aim to increase the skills and resources within informal social networks, and they represent a promising approach to IPV prevention for sexual minority communities. The current study explores the informal networks of sexual minorities in order to build knowledge that can inform the future development of community capacity IPV prevention programs for sexual minorities. The goal of the current study was to provide information on three major aspects of sexual minorities’ informal networks: network structure, network function, and the use of networks by sexual minorities experiencing IPV.
The study used a mixed method design. The quantitative component included an online survey completed by 367 sexual minorities. The survey asked with whom sexual minorities discuss their intimate relationships, and it asked the response and helpfulness of each member. These data illustrated the structure and function of informal networks. The study also included interviews with seven sexual minority women on their experiences of seeking help for IPV from their social networks. This information addressed the third aspect of informal networks.
The quantitative results revealed that sexual minorities turn to on average only three people to discuss relationship issues. Surprisingly, a substantial number were family, and almost half were heterosexual. The qualitative results illustrated that many informal networks members could benefit from receiving education on sexual minority identities and issues, IPV in sexual minority communities, and communication skills.
The findings illustrated key aspects of informal networks that can be used to inform future community capacity IPV prevention programs for sexual minorities. Specifically, the quantitative data on network structure and function can be used to inform relevant targets for future programs, and the data from the interviews can inform aspects of program curricula.
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Hayhurst, Nina L. « The effects of alcohol, partner type and impulsivity on sexual risk-taking behavior in college-age women ». View electronic thesis, 2008. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2008-3/hayhurstn/ninahayhurst.pdf.
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Christenson, Amanda Claire. « The Relationship Between Partner Perceptions of Marital Power and Sexual Satisfaction as Mediated by Observed Hostile Interaction ». BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3898.
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Using a sample of 322 married couples (644 spouses) from The Flourishing Families project, this study examined the relationship between marital power and sexual satisfaction as mediated by observed hostile interaction. More specifically, an actor-partner interdependence model (APIM) was used in which husband and wife perceptions of their partner's power were hypothesized to be related to husband and wife self-report of sexual satisfaction, with husband and wife observed hostile interaction as possible mediating variables. Results showed that husband and wife perceptions of power were positively related to their respective husband and wife sexual satisfaction and positively related to their respective hostile interaction. Husband hostile interaction was negatively related to husband sexual satisfaction. Husband and wife perceptions of power were negatively related to their partner's sexual satisfaction, and positively related to their partner's hostile interaction. Husband and wife hostile interaction were negatively related to their partner's sexual satisfaction. Husband observed hostility was a statistically significant mediator of the relationship between husband power and husband sexual satisfaction and of the relationship between wife power and wife sexual satisfaction. Wife observed hostility significantly mediated the relationship between husband power and husband sexual satisfaction.
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Quinn, Megan, Renice Obure, Emery Shekiro et Jill Stinson. « Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) : Predictors of Intimate Partner Violence and Sexual Victimization in a College Aged Sample ». Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6810.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Background: This study examines the role of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) as predictors of intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual victimization (SV) in a college aged sample in southern Appalachia. Methods: Data were obtained from a health behavior questionnaire administered online at a university in southern Appalachia from July-December 2014. The sample included 992 participants who self-reported on ACEs and adult experiences of IPV and SV. Descriptive statistics were completed for age, race, sex, ACEs (emotional, physical, or sexual abuse experiences as a child or witnessing IPV), IPV, and SV. Multiple logistic regression models were used to predict IPV and SV in separate models. Results: The sample was mostly female (69.3%), Caucasian (84.2%), and had an average age of 20 years old (M=20.1, SD= 4.05). IPV was reported by 10.5% of participants and SV by 14.1%. Predictors of IPV were: female (OR: 2.85, CI: 1.44- 5.65), emotional abuse (OR: 2.06, CI: 1.14- 3.70), sexual abuse (OR: 2.52, CI: 1.40-4.53) and age (OR: 1.10, CI: 1.06-1.15). Predictors of SV were female (OR: 3.22 CI: 1.70- 6.08), emotional abuse (OR: 2.53, CI: 1.48-4.33), sexual abuse (OR: 7.45, CI: 4.40-12.60) and age (OR: 1.06, CI: 1.02-1.12). Conclusions: Emotional and sexual abuse experiences during childhood were the greatest predictors of IPV and SV in adulthood in this college aged sample. This illustrates that children who were victims of emotional or sexual abuse have an increased risk of further abuse and/or re- victimization as adults. Females had a greater odds of experiencing IPV and SV compared to their male counterparts. Although this pilot study is limited in that looked at college students at one university, this provides a foundation for future research on predictors of IPV and SV in young adults. Further, a better understanding of ACEs and their role in adult health outcomes will allow more targeted interventions in high risk groups.
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Saxena, Anshul. « Theory of Gender and Power : Intimate Partner Violence, HIV Status and Sexual Risk Behaviors in Haitian Women ». FIU Digital Commons, 2017. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3200.
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Among women in Haiti, there are a number of factors, including intimate partner violence (IPV), childhood sexual abuse, and alcohol abuse that lead to increased vulnerability to STI/HIV and its sequelae. This study examined the factors associated with IPV and the associations between IPV and HIV in a sample of adult Haitian women.
The current study is a secondary analysis of data collected from HIV+ and HIV- women attending the GHESKIO centers in Haiti. The measures include: Self-reported Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20); Attitudes Towards Gender Roles; Partner Violence; Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT); Partner Support; Sexual Relationship Power Scale (SRPS); Centers for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D); the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI); and, Vaginal Episode Equivalent (VEE). Descriptive statistics were used for demographic characteristics. Pearson correlations, t-Test, Generalized linear model, Logistic regressions, and Generalized linear mixed models were used for estimating the strength of associations.
The mean (SD) age of the participants was 25.5 (5.4) years. Approximately 68.4% had some secondary school education and only 0.9% had a college or professional degree. The majority of participants (82.2%) had a partner, but did not live with them. Generalized linear mixed modelling showed that lack of family support (β = 0.28, p < 0.05), history of childhood sexual abuse (β = 0.66, p < 0.05), and traditional gender-based attitudes (β = 0.10, p < 0.001) predicted major IPV. Results from logistic regression analysis showed that age at sexual debut (AOR: 0.745; 95% CI: 0.585, 0.948) and physical violence (AOR: 3.482; 95% CI: 2.316, 5.235) were significantly associated with HIV seropositive status. Generalized linear mixed modelling analysis showed that decreased relationship control subscale scores (β = -0.26, p < 0.05) and alcohol use problems (β = 0.18, p < 0.05) were significantly associated with high levels of risky sexual behaviors over time.
In summary, a history of IPV was significantly associated with traditional gender based attitudes, history of childhood sexual abuse, and lack of family support. History of IPV and age of first sexual experience were significantly associated with HIV seropositive status. Finally, relationship control and alcohol use problems were significantly associated with sexual risk behavior. These findings indicate potential areas of further study and intervention among Haitian women.
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Del, Castillo Darren Michael. « The Perils and Possibilities in Sharing One's Past : Understanding the Experience of Disclosing Childhood Sexual Abuse to a Romantic Partner ». Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1154538407.
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Cornelius-Averhart, Darrlyn Waynette. « Physical and Psychological Health Outcomes of Pregnancy-Related Intimate Partner Violence ». ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6192.
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Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a public health issue that transcends cultures and nationalities. Women and men have been impacted by sexual violence through rape and other types of IPV. Each year, women experience IPV before and during pregnancies and are impacted by physical and psychological outcomes as a result. The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of IPV on the health outcomes of diabetes (Types 1, 2, and gestational), high blood pressure before pregnancy, and depression/anxiety among adult women before and during pregnancy. The social ecological model provided the framework for this quantitative cross-sectional study that included national data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System between 2012 and 2015. A series of binary logistic regressions was conducted. Findings indicated significant predictive relationships between IPV and diabetes before pregnancy (OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.01-1.43), high blood pressure before pregnancy (OR = 1.65, 95% CI =1.47-1.85), and depression/anxiety before and during pregnancy, respectively (OR = 3.14, 95% CI 2.91-3.35 and OR = 9.03, 95% CI 7.37-11.05) after controlling for age, income, and race. A social change implication of this study is that results from this project may assist in increasing societal knowledge of what IPV is and its physical and psychological impacts on women before and during pregnancy.
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Johansson, Agnes, et Zoraya Östholm. « "Det är aldrig acceptabelt att utöva våld mot en partner, om inte..." ». Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-24952.
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Syftet med denna studie har varit att undersöka ungdomars attityder gällande fysiskt samt sexuellt våld i en känslomässig relation samt deras kännedom om samtyckeslagen och grov kvinnofridskränkning. För att kunna besvara syftet har enkäter delats ut på gymnasieskolor i Malmö vilka ungdomar i åldrarna 16 till 19 år har besvarat. Resultatet visar att det finns en generellt låg acceptans avseende fysiskt och sexuellt våld i en känslomässig relation, för både tjejer och killar. Däremot visar killar en någor högre acceptans än tjejer. Acceptansen för sexuellt våld visade sig även vara något högre i en icke definierad relation jämfört med en fast partnerrelation. Vidare visar resultatet att majoriteten av ungdomarna känner till samtyckeslagen. Däremot är kännedomen om grov kvinnofridskränkning och dess innebörd låg. Den här undersökningen är av explorativ ansats vilket påverkar resultatens generaliserbarhet. Om en mer djupgående forskning av ämnet utförts, hade det troligen genererat en mer beskrivande bild avseende acceptansen för våld i en känslomässig relation.The purpose of this study was to examine attitudes regarding physical and sexual dating violence and knowledge of two swedish laws: “samtyckeslagen” and “grov kvinnofridskränkning”, amongst Swedish adolescents in the ages of 16 to 19 years old. To be able to fulfill the purpose of this study, a survey was distributed to different high schools in Malmö which the adolescents at the schools answered. The results from our study show that adolescents have a low tolerance for dating violence, regarding physical and sexual abuse. Although boys showed a greater acceptance towards physical and sexual abuse than girls. The acceptance for using physical and sexual abuse was greater in a non defined relationship, than in a defined relationship. Most adolescents had some knowledge of “samtyckeslagen” but very few knew of “grov kvinnofridskränkning”. This study was of an explorative nature which effects how the results can be used. Our results have shown that more thorough studies regarding dating violence should be done. Which would generate a deeper understanding for attitudes and therefore acceptance towards dating violence.
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Björk, Johanna. « Could musical mastery affect how attractive a person is rated as a prospective partner ? » Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-73419.
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Evolutionary psychology explains and predicts human behaviour based on its adaptive value. Some apparently non-adaptive behaviours such as humans’ devotion to music can be explained by sexual selection of costly signals, since it takes time and effort to learn to play an instrument well. Here, participants rated pictures of persons of the opposite sex that were said to play a piece of music that was heard while watching each picture. The music performances were either of low, medium, or high level of skill, and a better performance was predicted to lead to higher ratings of partner attractiveness because it is more costly. No effect of the music was found, except that women rated men as less desirable for a long-term relationships when the skill level was high than when it was medium.Evolutionspsykologiska teorier förklarar och predicerar mänskligt beteende utifrån dess adaptiva värde. Vissa uppenbart icke-adaptiva beteenden, som människans hängivenhet till musik, kan förklaras som sexuell selektion av kostsamma signaler, eftersom det kräver tid och möda att lära sig bemästra ett instrument. Deltagare fick skatta bilder på personer av motsatt kön som påstods spela det musikstycke som hördes medan man tittade på varje bild. Musikutförandet var antingen av låg, medel, eller hög skicklighet, och ett bättre utförande förväntades ge högre skattningar av partnerattraktivitet eftersom det är mer kostsamt. Ingen effekt av musiken förelåg, förutom att kvinnorna skattade män som mindre attraktiva för ett längre förhållande när skicklighetsnivån var hög jämfört med när den var medelhög.
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Hashmi, Sidra. « ‘Non-Ideal’ Victims : The Persistent Impact of Rape Myths on the Prosecution of Intimate Partner Sexual Violence Against Racialized Immigrant Women in Canada ». Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42737.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Intimate Partner Sexual Violence (IPSV) is a global issue that impacts women of all social locations, but it disproportionately impacts racialized immigrant women. While there is a lack of literature on the topic of IPSV in general, there is a particular dearth of research on the prosecution of IPSV cases involving racialized immigrant women in Canada. There is little research on how these women are revictimized within the criminal justice system because of rape myths pertaining to IPSV, race, and citizenship. In this project, I aim to interrogate the legal rhetoric within judicial decisions regarding cases of IPSV involving racialized immigrant women. In so doing, I ask: How do judges conceptualize racialized immigrant women in cases of IPSV? How do these conceptualizations reproduce myths and stereotypes about these women who report IPSV?
I use Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis (FCDA) to mobilize law as a gendering and racializing practice in my analysis of eight summaries of judicial decisions of criminal and immigration proceedings pertaining to IPSV. Critical Race Theory (CRT) contributes to my theoretical framework to advance our understanding of law as a gendering and racializing practice. Through an abductive process, I find three discourses that dominate judicial decisions: ‘ideal’ victims resist sexual assault and do not delay in reporting; ‘ideal’ victims do not know or maintain ongoing contact with the accused; and judges excuse defendants of sexual assault due to the beliefs that male sexuality is uncontrollable, and women pursue false allegations. These rape myths normalize violence against women of colour and immigrant women by reinforcing the view that they are ‘non-ideal’ victims.