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Articles de revues sur le sujet « Single faeces »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 2 juin 2025

Mis à jour le 31 juillet 2025

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1

Barja, I., and R. List. "Faecal marking behaviour in ringtails (Bassariscus astutus) during the non-breeding period: Spatial characteristics of latrines and single faeces." Chemoecology 16 (June 7, 2006): 219–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00049-006-0352-x.

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Scent signals are the main source of information transmission in carnivores, being particularly important for those with nocturnal habits like the ringtail (Bassariscus astutus), a Procyonid widely distributed in Mexico. However, faecal marking behaviour of free-ranging ringtails has not been described previously. The aims of this study were to describe the use of latrines in ringtails and to test if single faeces and latrines have a marking function, based on the spatial characterisation of the defecation places and re- visits to these sites. The study was conducted at an urban reserve within

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Tsuji, Yamato, Risma Yanti, Atsushi Takizawa, and Toshio Hagiwara. "Interspecific Difference in Seed Dispersal Characteristics between Japanese Macaques (Macaca fuscata) and Sympatric Japanese Martens (Martes melampus)." Folia Primatologica 91, no. 6 (2020): 711–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000509385.

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We compared the characteristics of seeds within faeces between semi-terrestrial Japanese macaques (<i>Macaca fuscata</i>) and sympatric arboreal Japanese martens (<i>Martes melampus</i>) in Shiga Heights, central Japan. We collected faecal samples of the two mammalian species for 1 year (<i>n</i> = 229 for macaques and <i>n</i> = 22 for martens). We then compared the proportion of seed occurrence, life-form composition, number of seeds and species richness within single faecal samples, and the seed intact ratio between the two mammalian species.

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Best, E. L., A. J. Fox, R. J. Owen, J. Cheesbrough, and F. J. Bolton. "Specific detection ofCampylobacter jejunifrom faeces using single nucleotide polymorphisms." Epidemiology and Infection 135, no. 5 (2006): 839–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268806007461.

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SUMMARYSpecimens of human faeces were tested by a rapid strategy for detection ofCampylobacter jejunilineages by the presence of specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) based on theC. jejunimulti locus sequence typing (MLST) scheme. This strategy was derived from analysis of the MLST databases to identify clonal complex specific SNPs followed by the design of real-time PCR assays to enable identification of six majorC. jejuniclonal complexes associated with cases of human infection. The objective was to use the MLST SNP-based assays for the direct detection ofC. jejuniby clonal complex

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Ooi, Vicky, Lee McMichael, Margaret E. Hunter, Aristide Takoukam Kamla, and Janet M. Lanyon. "A new DNA extraction method (HV-CTAB-PCI) for amplification of nuclear markers from open ocean-retrieved faeces of an herbivorous marine mammal, the dugong." PLOS ONE 18, no. 6 (2023): e0278792. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278792.

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Non-invasively collected faecal samples are an alternative source of DNA to tissue samples, that may be used in genetic studies of wildlife when direct sampling of animals is difficult. Although several faecal DNA extraction methods exist, their efficacy varies between species. Previous attempts to amplify mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers from faeces of wild dugongs (Dugong dugon) have met with limited success and nuclear markers (microsatellites) have been unsuccessful. This study aimed to establish a tool for sampling both mtDNA and nuclear DNA (nDNA) from dugong faeces by modifying approac

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Budiono, Dwi, Heryudianto Vibowo, Henny Endah Anggraeni, et al. "Single supplementation of goat colostrum, probiotics, and prebiotics for diarrhea management in cats." ARSHI Veterinary Letters 8, no. 3 (2024): 61–62. https://doi.org/10.29244/avl.8.3.61-62.

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Diarrhoea in cats is a change in the condition of faeces from paste to liquid consistency caused by several factors, such as food changes and bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections. Handling diarrhoea in cats is performed immediately so that the symptoms subside. One effective prevention and control effort is the provision of colostrum-based supplements, probiotics and prebiotics. In a case of diarrhoea at the Depok Pet Center clinic, two cats aged 1.5 years (Ayu) and 5 years (Gentong) were given colostrum-based supplements, probiotics, and prebiotics. The initial symptoms of the Ayu cat w

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Furnival, EP, JL Corbett, and MW Inskip. "Evaluation of controlled release devices for administration of chromium sesquioxide using fistulated grazing sheep. 1. Variation in marker concentration in faeces." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 41, no. 5 (1990): 969. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9900969.

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A group of 10 sheep grazed as a single flock; five were dosed with chromium sesquioxide (Cr2O3) using an experimental controlled release device, and five were dosed twice a day with gelatin capsules. Total faecal output was collected from each sheep over a period of 13 days, and in addition, a sample was taken twice daily from the rectum (grab sample). In a second experiment total faeces were collected every 2 h for 24 h. Total faecal output was compared with estimates of faecal output calculated from the quantity of Cr2O3 in the dose, and the concentrations in representative samples and in gr

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Coates, D. B., A. P. A. Van Der Weide та J. D. Kerr. "Changes in faecal δ13C in response to changing proportions of legume (C3) and grass (C4) in the diet of sheep and cattle". Journal of Agricultural Science 116, № 2 (1991): 287–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600077704.

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SUMMARYFeeding studies were conducted in 1986 with penned sheep and cattle fed legume (C3) and grass (C4) hays mixed in different proportions. Large fluctuations in diet δ13C within or between days were associated with much smaller fluctuations in the δ13C of faeces. When the overall daily legume percentage in the diet was held constant, there was little variation in the δ13C of faeces irrespective of when during the day the legume, relative to the grass, was eaten.Cattle set stocked on Stylosanthes/grass pastures in Queensland showed only minor variations in faecal δ13C within or between days

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Vinnerås, Björn, Mikael Hedenkvist, Annika Nordin, and Anders Wilhelmson. "Peepoo bag: self-sanitising single use biodegradable toilet." Water Science and Technology 59, no. 9 (2009): 1743–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.184.

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Unsafe water, sanitation and hygiene together with deficient nutritional status are major contributors to the global burden of disease. Safe collection, disposal and reuse of human excreta would enable the risk of transmission of diseases to be decreased and household food security to be increased in many regions. However, the majority of the 2.5 billion people lacking improved sanitation comprise poor people in societies with weak infrastructure. This study developed a low cost sanitation option requiring little investment and maintenance—a single use, self-sanitising, biodegradable toilet (P

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Grønvold, J., J. Wolstrup, M. Larsen, A. Gillespie, and F. Giacomazzi. "Interspecific competition between the nematode-trapping fungus,Duddingtonia flagrans, and selected microorganisms and the effect of spore concentration on the efficacy of nematode trapping." Journal of Helminthology 78, no. 1 (2004): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/joh2003195.

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AbstractThe fungus,Duddingtonia flagrans, is able to trap and kill free-living nematode larvae of the cattle parasiteCooperia oncophorawhen chlamydospores are mixed in cattle faeces. Isolates ofBacillus subtilis(two isolates),Pseudomonasspp. (three isolates) and single isolates of the fungal generaAlternaria,Cladosporium,Fusarium,TrichodermaandVerticilliumwere isolated from cattle faeces and shown to reduceD. flagransgrowth on agar plates. When these isolates were added to cattle faeces containingD. flagransand nematode larvae ofC. oncophora, developing from eggs, none of the isolates reduced

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Digby, Jayne, Judith A. Strachan, Rebecca McCann, Robert JC Steele, Callum G. Fraser, and Craig Mowat. "Measurement of faecal haemoglobin with a faecal immunochemical test can assist in defining which patients attending primary care with rectal bleeding require urgent referral." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 57, no. 4 (2020): 325–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004563220935622.

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Background Current guidelines document persistent rectal bleeding as an alarm symptom in patients presenting to primary care. We studied whether a faecal immunochemical test could assist in their assessment. Methods From December 2015, faecal immunochemical tests were routinely available to primary care when assessing patients with new-onset bowel symptoms: general practitioners were encouraged to include faecal haemoglobin concentration (f-Hb) within any referral to secondary care. Results with f-Hb ≥10 μg Hb/g faeces were defined as positive. The incidence of significant bowel disease (SBD:

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Sharp, John G., Sarah Garnick, Mark A. Elgar, and Graeme Coulson. "Parasite and predator risk assessment: nuanced use of olfactory cues." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 282, no. 1817 (2015): 20151941. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.1941.

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Foraging herbivores face twin threats of predation and parasite infection, but the risk of predation has received much more attention. We evaluated, experimentally, the role of olfactory cues in predator and parasite risk assessment on the foraging behaviour of a population of marked, free-ranging, red-necked wallabies ( Macropus rufogriseus ). The wallabies adjusted their behaviour according to these olfactory cues. They foraged less, were more vigilant and spent less time at feeders placed in the vicinity of faeces from dogs that had consumed wallaby or kangaroo meat compared with that of do

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Hill, Richard C., Colin F. Burrows, Gary W. Ellison, Mark D. Finke, Jennifer L. Huntington, and John E. Bauer. "Water content of faeces is higher in the afternoon than in the morning in morning-fed dogs fed diets containing texturised vegetable protein from soya." British Journal of Nutrition 106, S1 (2011): S202—S205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114511000833.

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Faecal moisture content can determine whether faeces appear soft or firm, and faecal character can influence whether owners are satisfied with a dog food. In a previous study, dogs appeared to produce softer faeces after noon. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether time of defecation affected canine faecal water content. A total of eight hound dogs were fed one of four canned diets as a single meal each morning for 1 week per diet in a Latin square design. All four diets contained approximately 77 % moisture and, on a DM basis, 24 MJ/kg gross energy, 23 % crude protein, 32 %

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Grosen, Anne Karmisholt, Johan Vestergaard Povlsen, Lars Erik Lemming, Simon Mark Dahl Jørgensen, Jens Frederik Dahlerup, and Christian Lodberg Hvas. "Faecal Microbiota Transplantation Eradicated Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae from a Renal Transplant Recipient with Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections." Case Reports in Nephrology and Dialysis 9, no. 2 (2019): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000502336.

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Renal transplant recipients (RTRs) are highly susceptible to infections, and antimicrobial resistance is an increasing problem with limited treatment options. Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is effective for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection and may be used for patients with intestinal carriage of multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms. We present a RTR who suffered from recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing (ESBL+) Klebsiella pneumoniae. Blood and urinary isolates revealed the same antibiotic susceptibility pattern, an

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Ojeda-Robertos, N. F., P. Mendoza-de Gives, J. F. J. Torres-Acosta, R. I. Rodríguez-Vivas, and A. J. Aguilar-Caballero. "Evaluating the effectiveness of a Mexican strain ofDuddingtonia flagransas a biological control agent against gastrointestinal nematodes in goat faeces." Journal of Helminthology 79, no. 2 (2005): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/joh2005283.

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AbstractThe use ofDuddingtonia flagransin the control of goat nematodes was investigated. Initially, the time of passage of chlamydospores through the digestive tract of goats was evaluated. Two groups of seven parasite-free kids were formed. Group A received a single dose of 3.5×106D. flagranschlamydospores (FTHO-8 strain) per kg of live weight. Group B did not receive any chlamydospores. Faeces were obtained from each kid daily from day 4 prior to inoculation until day 5 post-inoculation (PI) and were placed in Petri dishes containing water agar. Gastrointestinal nematode infective larvae we

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Rochet, Violaine, Lionel Rigottier-Gois, Maléne Sutren, et al. "Effects of orally administeredLactobacillus caseiDN-114 001 on the composition or activities of the dominant faecal microbiota in healthy humans." British Journal of Nutrition 95, no. 2 (2006): 421–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20051625.

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The composition and activities of the faecal microbiota in twelve healthy subjects analysed in a single open study were monitored before (1-week baseline step), during (10d supplementation step) and after (10d follow-up step) the ingestion of a fermented milk containingLactobacillus caseiDN-114001. Fluorescentin situhybridisation with group-specific DNA probes, real-time PCR usingL. paracaseigroup-specific primers and temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TTGE) using group-specific primers were carried out, together with bacterial enzyme activity and metabolite analyses to monitor

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Reuter, Gábor, Ákos Boros, Eric Delwart, and Péter Pankovics. "Novel circular single-stranded DNA virus from turkey faeces." Archives of Virology 159, no. 8 (2014): 2161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-014-2025-3.

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Chestnutt, D. M. B. "Effect of forage type on the digestion of whole barley grain by ewes." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1989 (March 1989): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600011478.

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The feeding of whole barley grain to breeding ewes is widely recommended yet it is recognised that a proportion of the grain fed in this form is usually passed intact in the faeces. It is claimed that whole grain improves the rumen fermentation process because it is broken down more slowly than milled grain and this, together with the saving in the cost of processing, means that a loss of up to 0.10 of grain intake in the faeces is considered acceptable. However there have been claims that on silage-based diets the proportion of grain passing intact in the faeces may be higher than 0.10 (Vipon

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Ogongo, Paul, Thomas M. Kariuki, and R. Alan Wilson. "Diagnosis of schistosomiasis mansoni: an evaluation of existing methods and research towards single worm pair detection." Parasitology 145, no. 11 (2018): 1355–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182018000240.

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AbstractThe inadequacy of current diagnostics for the detection of low worm burdens in humans means that schistosomiasis mansoni is more widespread than previously acknowledged. With the inception of mass drug treatment programmes aimed at disease elimination and the advent of human vaccine trials, the need for more sensitive diagnostics is evident. In this review, we evaluate the merits and limitations of the principal diagnostic methods, namely detection of eggs in faeces; anti-schistosome antibodies in serum; parasite-derived proteins and glycans in serum or urine; parasite DNA in blood, fa

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Mancianti, Francesca, Simona Nardoni, Gaetano Ariti, Dario Parlanti, Giovanna Giuliani, and Roberto A. Papini. "Cross-sectional survey of Toxoplasma gondii infection in colony cats from urban Florence (Italy)." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 12, no. 4 (2010): 351–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2009.09.001.

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Cats are the key species in the epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection, even if the proportion of subjects excreting oocysts is low. The aim of the present paper was to obtain information about seroprevalence, oocyst shedding rate and presence of T gondii DNA in faeces collected from an urban population of colony cats in Florence (Tuscany). Fifty European shorthair feral cats were examined for anti- T gondii specific antibodies by a modified agglutination test (MAT), and for oocysts by microscopic examination and for faecal protozoal DNA, by means of a nested polymerase chain reaction (n-

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ALI, H. A. M., R. W. MAYES, C. S. LAMB, B. L. HECTOR, A. K. VERMA, and E. R. ØRSKOV. "The potential of long-chain fatty alcohols and long-chain fatty acids as diet composition markers: development of methods for quantitative analysis and faecal recoveries of these compounds in sheep fed mixed diets." Journal of Agricultural Science 142, no. 1 (2004): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859604004034.

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Previous investigations have shown that the long-chain fatty alcohols and long-chain fatty acids of plant waxes have potential as diet composition markers. This study was conducted to measure faecal recoveries of long-chain fatty alcohols (C20–C30) and long-chain fatty acids (C20–C32) in sheep fed mixed diets. Methodology for quantitative analysis of these compounds in feed and faeces is also presented. The method was an extension of the original n-alkane method of Mayes et al. (1986) in which separate hydrocarbon (n-alkanes, n-alkenes and branched-chain alkanes), alcohol (free+esterified) and

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Da Silva, Abdou Malik, Matthieu Bastien, Gérald Umhang, et al. "Soil contamination by Echinococcus multilocularis in rural and urban vegetable gardens in relation to fox, cat and dog faecal deposits." Parasite 28 (2021): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2021073.

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Echinococcus multilocularis eggs are deposited on the ground with the faeces of the carnivore definitive hosts. A reliable assessment of the spatial distribution of E. multilocularis eggs in environments used by humans is crucial for the prevention of alveolar echinococcosis (AE). This study was conducted in 192 rural and 71 urban vegetable gardens in AE endemic areas of north-eastern France. Its objective was to explore the relationship between the spatial distribution of E. multilocularis estimated from the collection and molecular analysis of two types of samples: faeces and soil. A total o

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Singh, R. K., P. K. Sanyal, N. K. Patel, et al. "Fungus–benzimidazole interactions: a prerequisite to deploying egg-parasitic fungi Paecilomyces lilacinus and Verticillium chlamydosporium as biocontrol agents against fascioliasis and amphistomiasis in ruminant livestock." Journal of Helminthology 84, no. 2 (2009): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x09990344.

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AbstractIn vitro trials investigating the effects of albendazole and triclabendazole anthelmintics on the growth profiles of the egg-parasitic fungi Paecilomyces lilacinus and Verticillium chlamydosporium were undertaken. In addition, in vivo trials were conducted in goats fed on millet grain cultures of each fungus and administered albendazole and triclabendazole anthelmintics. In vitro growth revealed V. chlamydosporium to be more sensitive to albendazole compared to P. lilacinus. In contrast, triclabendazole had the least inhibitory effect on in vitro growth of both P. lilacinus and V. chla

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Tsai, H. H., D. Sunderland, G. R. Gibson, C. A. Hart, and J. M. Rhodes. "A novel mucin sulphatase from human faeces: its identification, purification and characterization." Clinical Science 82, no. 4 (1992): 447–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0820447.

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1. Colonic mucus is heavily sulphated and it is likely that this contributes considerably to its resistance to degradation by bacterial enzymes. The presence of a mucin-desulphating enzyme in faeces could therefore be very important in determining the rate of degradation of secreted mucus and hence the level of protection of the mucosa. 2. A novel assay for mucin sulphatase has been developed using biologically labelled human colonic [35S]sulphomucin as a substrate and a mucin sulphatase has been purified from faeces by sequential high-performance gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography

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Guada, J. A., C. Castrillo, A. Vega, and J. Gasa. "Rumen outflow rate estimated from the decline of chromium concentration in faecal -and rumen samples after the dosage of sodium dichromate treated fish meal." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1986 (March 1986): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600016378.

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The declining rate of Cr concentration in faeces after the dosage of a Sodium dichromate treated protein supplement can be used as an estimate of the protein outflow; rate. The experiment reported was planned to show wheter the variation in the rate of decline of Cr concentration in faeces induced by level of feeding and processing of the diet reflect the variation in rumen outflow determined by the rumen dilution rate of the marker.In a duplicate 3x3 square latin design, 6 mature ewes cannulated in rumen were fed a ground pelleted diet of ‘0.6 alfalfa hay and 0.4 barley grain at 1 or 2 x main

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BACHMANN, M., M. WENSCH-DORENDORF, M. BULANG, and A. ZEYNER. "Impact of dynamics of faecal concentrations of plant and synthetic n-alkanes on their suitability for the estimation of dry matter intake and apparent digestibility in horses." Journal of Agricultural Science 154, no. 7 (2016): 1291–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859616000344.

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SUMMARYIn horses, the quantity of faeces and the faecal concentrations of plant and synthetic alkanes are inconsistent throughout the day. The estimation of feed intake and digestibility can additionally be limited by irregular and incomplete faecal recovery of alkanes that are used as dietary markers. The correction of alkane concentrations minimizes the bias of estimates, but requires the determination of faeces quantity by total collection. However, in consideration of the dynamics of alkane concentrations in faeces, sampling at selected timeframes throughout a day may be useful in avoiding

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Fontenele, Rafaela S., Cristiano Lacorte, Natalia S. Lamas, Kara Schmidlin, Arvind Varsani, and Simone G. Ribeiro. "Single Stranded DNA Viruses Associated with Capybara Faeces Sampled in Brazil." Viruses 11, no. 8 (2019): 710. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11080710.

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Capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), the world’s largest rodents, are distributed throughout South America. These wild herbivores are commonly found near water bodies and are well adapted to rural and urban areas. There is limited information on the viruses circulating through capybaras. This study aimed to expand the knowledge on the viral diversity associated with capybaras by sampling their faeces. Using a viral metagenomics approach, we identified diverse single-stranded DNA viruses in the capybara faeces sampled in the Distrito Federal, Brazil. A total of 148 complete genomes of viruses

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Chen, Y. C., Y. S. Lai, D. J. H. Shyu, et al. "C-Terminal Part of Glutamate-Ammonia-Ligase Adenyltransferase Gene Identified by RAPD-HRM with 3H Primer for E. Coli Screening." Folia Biologica 65, no. 2 (2019): 88–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/fb2019065020088.

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A single random oligonucleotide 3H primer has been previously applied in random-amplified- polymorphic-DNA (RAPD)-PCR to distinguish stocked bacteria E. coli within a cocktail mixture also containing Enterococcus faecalis, Bifidobacterium longum and Ruminococcus gnavus. In this study, we demonstrate that a 702 base pair (bp) gene fragment can be amplified as a unique pattern by RAPD-PCR using a 3H primer in human faeces containing E. coli. This unique 702 bp amplicon contained a 687 bp gene fragment identified as the C-terminal region of the glutamate-ammonia-ligase adenyltransferase (glnE) ge

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Cooke, R. C., H. O. Safar, and S. N. Wood. "The coprome: another model system – abstract." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 94 (1988): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000007107.

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The ability of Ascobolus crenulatus Karsten, Chaetomium bostrychodes Zopf and Sordaria macrospora Auersw. to produce biomass within, fruit upon, and degrade rabbit faeces was followed using semi-natural faecal resource units (copromes) (Wood & Cooke 1984, 1987). On these criteria the performance of the fungi was in the order C. bostrychodes > S. macrospora > A. crenulatus. Species mixtures produced only slightly higher degradation rates than those effected by single species. This implied competition for available nutrients which was also indicated by depressed fruiting of all species

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Jacobsen, K., E. Mahabir, M. Brielmeier, P. Wilhelm, K. E. Seidel, and J. Schmidt. "Monitoring a mouse colony for Helicobacter bilis using a Helicobacter-genus-specific nested PCR." Laboratory Animals 39, no. 4 (2005): 400–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/002367705774286402.

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Although Helicobacter infections of laboratory mice are usually subclinical, they may interfere with in vivo experiments and thus may lead to misinterpretation of data. As such, it is important to provide a means to unequivocally identify infections with murine Helicobacter spp. In the present study, a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was established and shown to be 10 to 100 times more sensitive than the single-step PCR commonly used for routine diagnosis of Helicobacter spp. Experimental infection of Helicobacter-free mice demonstrated that faeces, caecum, colon and rectum but not live

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Nowland, Tanya L., Valeria A. Torok, Wai Y. Low, Kate J. Plush, Mary D. Barton, and Roy N. Kirkwood. "A Single Faecal Microbiota Transplantation Altered the Microbiota of Weaned Pigs." Life 10, no. 9 (2020): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life10090203.

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Weaning is a stressful time for piglets, often leading to weight loss and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. A leading cause for these post-weaning problems is enteric dysbiosis and methods to improve piglet health at this crucial developmental stage are needed. This study aimed to determine whether an enteric dysbiosis caused by weaning could be corrected via a faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from healthy piglets from a previous wean. Two or four focal piglets per litter were assigned to one of two treatments; FMT two days post weaning (n = 21; FMT) or a control whi

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Nonaka, N., T. Sano, T. Inoue, et al. "Multiplex Pcr System For Identifying The Carnivore Origins Of Faeces For An Epidemiological Study On Echinococcus Multilocularis In Hokkaido, Japan." Parasitology research 106, no. 1 (2009): 75–83. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-009-1629-0.

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A multiplex PCR system was developed to identify the carnivore origins of faeces collected in Hokkaido, Japan, for epidemiological studies on Echinococcus multilocularis. Primers were designed against the D-loop region of mitochondrial DNA. Two separate primer mixtures (mix 1, specific forward primers to fox, raccoon dog and dog, and a universal reverse primer [prH]; and mix 2, specific forward primers to cat, raccoon and weasels and prH) were used so that the PCR products (160 bp, fox and cat; 240 bp, raccoon dog and raccoon; and 330 bp, dog and weasel) were distinguished by size. The multipl

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Mercer, E., P. Cruddas, L. Williams, et al. "Selection of screw characteristics and operational boundary conditions to facilitate post-flush urine and faeces separation within single household sanitation systems." Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology 2, no. 6 (2016): 953–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ew00170j.

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Smith, G. R., and E. A. Thornton. "The prevalence of Fusobacterium necrophorum biovar A in animal faeces." Epidemiology and Infection 110, no. 2 (1993): 327–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268800068266.

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SUMMARYOnly a small proportion of animals tested were found to be excreting Fusobacterium necrophorum biovar A, the causative organism of necrobacillosis, in the faeces (3 of 69 wallabies, 1 of 66 deer, 2 of 81 cattle). The two positive cattle belonged to a single group of calves on a farm with a history of necrobacillosis and the litter underfoot also readily yielded biovar A organisms. All attempts to demonstrate biovar A in litter on other farms and in soil from an area populated by wallabies and deer failed. Ruminal contents from young beef cattle proved a fertile source of F. necrophorum

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Phan, Tung G., Linlin Li, Miguel G. O’Ryan, et al. "A third gyrovirus species in human faeces." Journal of General Virology 93, no. 6 (2012): 1356–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.041731-0.

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Until 2011 the genus Gyrovirus in the family Circoviridae consisted of a single virus (Chicken anemia virus or CAV) causing a common immunosuppressive disease in chickens when a second gyrovirus (HGyV) was reported on the skin of 4 % of healthy humans. HGyV is very closely related to a recently described chicken gyrovirus, AGV2, suggesting that they belong to the same viral species. During a viral metagenomic analysis of 100 human faeces from children with diarrhoea in Chile we identified multiple known human pathogens (adenoviruses, enteroviruses, astroviruses, sapoviruses, noroviruses, parec

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Van Barneveld, R. J., E. S. Batterham, and B. W. Norton. "The effect of heat on amino acids for growing pigs." British Journal of Nutrition 72, no. 2 (1994): 221–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19940026.

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Three experiments were conducted to examine the effect of heating field peas (Pisum sativum cultivar Dundale) on (1) proximate analysis and total amino acid composition, (2) ileal and faecal digestibilities of amino acids, and (3) digestible energy content. Alternative techniques for assessing ileal and faecal digestibilities and digestible energy respectively, were also investigated. Forced-air dehydrators were used to heat field peas at temperatures of 110°, 135°, 150° or 165°. In the first experiment the apparent ileal and faecal digestibilities of amino acids and the faecal digestibility o

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Senore, Carlo, Marco Zappa, Cinzia Campari, et al. "Faecal haemoglobin concentration among subjects with negative FIT results is associated with the detection rate of neoplasia at subsequent rounds: a prospective study in the context of population based screening programmes in Italy." Gut 69, no. 3 (2019): 523–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2018-318198.

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ObjectiveTo estimate the predictive role of faecal haemoglobin (f-Hb) concentration among subjects with faecal immunochemical test (FIT) results below the positivity cut-off for the subsequent risk of advanced neoplasia (AN: colorectal cancer—CRC—or advanced adenoma).DesignProspective cohort of subjects aged 50–69 years, undergoing their first FIT between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2010 in four population-based programmes in Italy.MethodsAll programmes adopted the same analytical procedure (OC Sensor, Eiken Japan), performed every 2 years, on a single sample, with the same positivity cut-o

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Sikorski, Alyssa, Gerardo R. Argüello-Astorga, Anisha Dayaram, Renwick C. J. Dobson, and Arvind Varsani. "Discovery of a novel circular single-stranded DNA virus from porcine faeces." Archives of Virology 158, no. 1 (2012): 283–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-012-1470-0.

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Berry, Oliver, Stephen D. Sarre, Lachlan Farrington, and Nicola Aitken. "Faecal DNA detection of invasive species: the case of feral foxes in Tasmania." Wildlife Research 34, no. 1 (2007): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr06082.

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Early detection of biological invasions is critical to reducing their impact, but because invading organisms are initially at low densities, detection and eradication can be challenging. Here, we demonstrate the utility of faecal DNA analysis for the detection of an elusive invasive species – the red fox, Vulpes vulpes, which was illegally introduced to the island of Tasmania in the late 1990s. Foxes are a devastating pest to both wildlife and agriculture on the Australian mainland, and would have a similarly serious impact in Tasmania if they became established. Attempts to eradicate foxes fr

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Naser, Sabri M., Marc Vancanneyt, Evelyne De Graef, et al. "Enterococcus canintestini sp. nov., from faecal samples of healthy dogs." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 55, no. 5 (2005): 2177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.63752-0.

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The taxonomic position of strain LMG 13590T, originally isolated from dog faeces and classified as Enterococcus dispar in the BCCM/LMG Bacteria Catalogue, was reinvestigated. This strain and 12 recent isolates from faecal samples of healthy dogs occupied a clearly separate position when investigated with multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) of the genes encoding the alpha subunit of ATP synthase (atpA), RNA polymerase alpha subunit (rpoA) and phenylalanyl-tRNA synthase alpha subunit (pheS). The 16S rRNA gene sequence of one representative strain showed highest similarities of 98–99 % with E. di

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Barkah, Achmad, Madi Hartono, Purnama Edy Santosa, and Muhammad Mirandy Pratama Sirat. "Infestation Level of Gastrointestinal Helminth in Swamp Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis Linn.) in Jati Agung District Lampung Selatan Regency." JURNAL ILMIAH PETERNAKAN TERPADU 9, no. 1 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jipt.v9i1.p1-18.

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The research was conducted at Jati Agung District Lampung Selatan Regency on December 2019, aimed to know infestation levels of gastrointestinal helminths on Mud Bufallo. The research used cencus method. Data collection has been done by taking all faecal samples from 80 Mud Bufallo at 6 village in Jati Agung District. Faecal samples examination checked with Mc. Master and Sendimentation test at Lampung Veterinary Hall. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that of the 80 buffalo faeces samples examined, 23 samples (28.75%) were positively infested with gastrointestinal helminths

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Ooi, H. K., S. L. Chang, C. C. Huang, Y. Kawakami, and A. Uchida. "Survey of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei in frogs in Taiwan and its experimental infection in cats." Journal of Helminthology 74, no. 2 (2000): 173–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x0000024x.

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AbstractEighteen of 56 (32.1%) wild Rana limnocharis from central and south Taiwan were found to contain plerocercoids of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei. This is the first report of S. erinaceieuropaei infections in frogs in Taiwan, with the plerocercoids being recovered from the thigh and back muscles or under the skin. Other species of frogs examined, including nine wild R. latouchii, one wild Buergeria robustus and 110 cultured R. rugulosa were free of infection. The plerocercoids were orally inoculated into four cats; three of which were each given a single plerocercoid and one a dose of thre

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Ooi, H. K., S. L. Chang, C. C. Huang, Y. Kawakami, and A. Uchida. "Survey of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei in frogs in Taiwan and its experimental infection in cats." Journal of Helminthology 74, no. 2 (2000): 173–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x00700861.

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AbstractEighteen of 56 (32.1%) wild Rana limnocharis from central and south Taiwan were found to contain plerocercoids of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei. This is the first report of S. erinaceieuropaei infections in frogs in Taiwan, with the plerocercoids being recovered from the thigh and back muscles or under the skin. Other species of frogs examined, including nine wild R. latouchii, one wild Buergeria robustus and 110 cultured R. rugulosa were free of infection. The plerocercoids were orally inoculated into four cats; three of which were each given a single plerocercoid and one a dose of thre

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Bakir, Mohammad Abdul, Mitsuo Sakamoto, Maki Kitahara, Mitsuharu Matsumoto, and Yoshimi Benno. "Bacteroides dorei sp. nov., isolated from human faeces." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 56, no. 7 (2006): 1639–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.64257-0.

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Two Gram-negative, anaerobic, non-spore-forming rod-shaped organisms were isolated from human faeces. These isolates were tentatively identified as Bacteroides based on morphological and biochemical criteria and appeared closely related to Bacteroides vulgatus ATCC 8482T. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the isolates were highly related to each other (99.5 %) and confirmed their placement in the genus Bacteroides. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values with close phylogenetic neighbours Bacteroides vulgatus ATCC 8482T (96 %) and Bacteroides massiliensis CCUG 48901T (93 %) prel

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Barja, Isabel, and Rurik List. "Faecal marking behaviour in ringtails (Bassariscus astutus) during the non-breeding period: spatial characteristics of latrines and single faeces." Chemoecology 16, no. 4 (2006): 219–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00049-006-0352-x.

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Gerasimidis, K., B. Nichols, A. Briola, et al. "DOP31 Gut metabolomic and compositional signatures predict response to treatment with exclusive enteral nutrition in children with active Crohn’s disease." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 17, Supplement_1 (2023): i96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac190.0071.

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Abstract Background Predicting response to treatment with exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) in paediatric Crohn’s disease (CD) can lead to more personalised, cost-effective, and efficacious therapy. We explored the ability of pre-treatment clinical and multi-omics parameters to predict faecal calprotectin (FCal) levels at EEN completion. Methods In 37 children [median (IQR), 12.4y (10.1, 15.0)] with active CD, disease parameters, dietary intake, 19 inflammatory cytokines, and 92 plasma inflammation-related proteomic markers in plasma, diet-related bacterial metabolites and 1H NMR metabolomics

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Gales, R., and D. Pemberton. "Diet of the Australian fur seal in Tasmania." Marine and Freshwater Research 45, no. 4 (1994): 653. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9940653.

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In Tasmanian waters, fish were the most prevalent prey taxa in the diet of Arctocephalus pusillus dorlferus, with cephalopods occurring less frequently. Occurrence of crustaceans and birds was negligible. Most prey remains of cephalopods were obtained from regurgitates, whereas faeces provided most fish remains. Twenty-five species of fish were identified from faecal and regurgitate samples, with redbait (Emmelichthys nitidus), jack mackerel (Trachurus declivis) and leatherjackets (Monacanthidae) constituting the main prey species. There was an inverse relationship between the occurrence of fi

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Saichenko, I., A. Antipov, T. Bakhur, and L. Bezditko. "Deworming Schemes’ Efficacy for Adult Dogs with Mixed Gastro-Intestinal Helminthoses." Folia Veterinaria 66, no. 1 (2022): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fv-2022-0002.

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Abstract Mixed gastrointestinal helminthoses, which combines Toxocara canis, Trichuris (T.) vulpis, Toxascaris leoninа, Uncinaria stenocephala, Ancylostoma caninum, and Dipylidium caninum in various combinations, are very common pets’ problems worldwide. It is unlikely necessary to choose between 100 % efficiency and for the patient’s body to heal the infected animals safely. The present work aims to develop an affordable scheme for adult dogs’ deworming, which will create a minimum load on the body due to the low drugs’ toxicity. Mixed breed dogs, 1—5 years old, representing both sexes, spont

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DAVID, D. B., C. H. E. C. POLI, J. V. SAVIAN, et al. "Faecal index to estimate intake and digestibility in grazing sheep." Journal of Agricultural Science 152, no. 4 (2013): 667–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859613000294.

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SUMMARYThe current research was carried out to evaluate the use of crude protein and fibre components in faeces for estimating intake and digestibility in sheep fed with pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke). The equations were developed from four trials in metabolism cages with 16 sheep in each trial. Each animal received a different quantity of millet leaves in the diet: 0·015, 0·020 and 0·025 dry matter (DM) as a proportion of live weight (LW) and ad libitum with at least 0·2 of daily feed refusals. Organic matter intake (OMI, g/day) was measured, through the difference between of

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Ellis, Martin K., Jacky L. Naylor, Michael A. Collins, and Trevor Green. "Metabolism and disposition of difluoromethane (HFC32) in the mouse." Human & Experimental Toxicology 15, no. 7 (1996): 592–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032719601500707.

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1 Difluoromethane (HFC32) is under development as a replacement for chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in some refrigeration applications. 2 The metabolism and disposition of [14C]-difluoro methane ([14C]-HFC32) was determined in male Swiss mice as a consequence of a single 6 h inhalation exposure to atmospheres of 10 000 p.p.m. 3 Of the inhaled dose, about 1-2% was recovered in expired air, urine, faeces and carcass suggesting that systemic absorption of this hydrofluorocarbon from the alveolar air space of the lung into blood is poor. Upon cessation of exposure the majority of the systemically absor

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Phiri, A. M., I. K. Phiri, and J. Monrad. "Prevalence of amphistomiasis and its association with Fasciola gigantica infections in Zambian cattle from communal grazing areas." Journal of Helminthology 80, no. 1 (2006): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/joh2005313.

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AbstractTo estimate prevalence of amphistomiasis and its association with bovine Fasciola gigantica infections in Zambia, 709 faeces of cattle presented for slaughter from three major cattle rearing areas of Central, Southern and Western provinces were analysed. The prevalence rate of amphistomes was 51.6%. Egg counts per gram (EPG) of faeces ranged from 0 to 385 with a mean (± SEM) of 11.96±1.07. The origin of the cattle had a significant influence (P<0.001) on the prevalence rate. Fasciola gigantica infections accounted for 46.7% of the cattle examined. The mean EPG count (± SEM) was 6.3±

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