Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Social paternity »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Social paternity"
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Haneef, Sayed Sikandar Shah. « Harmonization between Islamic Law and Science : DNA Test of Paternity as a Case Study Pengharmonian diantara Undang-undang Islam dan Sains Ujian Paterniti DNA Sebagai Kajian Kes ». Journal of Islam in Asia (E-ISSN : 2289-8077) 12, no 1 (29 mai 2015) : 246–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/jia.v12i1.469.
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AbstractDNA testing of paternity has emerged as a conclusive scientific evidence of ascertaining paternity to overcome the problem of ‘paternity fraud’ and ‘misattributed paternity’ in the West. To harmonize it with old established common law principles of ‘presumption of paternity` and ‘ex parte’ judgment for granting a woman her claim that her bastard child belongs to a certain accused, the Western legal system has accommodated it within its law of evidence. In Islamic law, on the other hand, its reception as conclusive evidence in establishing or negating paternity is a matter of controversy among the jurists. Some have approved it partially others advocate its wholesale adoption. This presents another interesting case for the issue of harmonization between Islam and science. In this divided juridical landscape, therefore, a selective approach to evidence and proof would regard it in total harmony with Islamic law. But this approach will not only be questionable on methodological grounds but also polemical in terms of social acceptability. This paper argues for regulated proof-based approach to address its harmonization with Islamic law. Keywords: DNA Paternity Test, harmonization, Proof-Based Approach.AbstrakUjian paterniti DNA telah muncul sebagai bukti saintifik muktamad yang menentukan paterniti untuk mengatasi masalah 'penipuan paterniti’ dan ‘paterniti salah' di Barat. Untuk mengharmonikannya dengan undang-undang yang wujud yang berprinsip ‘paterniti andaian` dan penghakiman secara ‘ex parte’ bagi memberikan seorang wanita tuntutannya bahawa anak luar nikah itu kepunyaan tertuduh tertentu, sistem undang-undang Barat telah menempatkannya dalam undang-undang sebagai bukti. Di sisi lain, dalam undang-undang Islam, penerimaan bukti sebagai muktamad dalam menetapkan atau menafikan paterniti adalah suatu perkara yang berkontroversi di kalangan ulama. Ada yang meluluskan sebahagiannya dan yang lain menyokong penggunaan sepenuhnya. Ini merupakan satu lagi kes yang menarik bagi isu pengharmonian antara Islam dan sains. Dalam landskap perundangan terbahagi ini, pendekatan yang terpilih bagi keterangan dan bukti akan menganggap ia selaras dengan undang-undang Islam. Tetapi pendekatan ini bukan sahaja akan diragui atas alasan metodologikal tetapi juga polemik dari segi penerimaan sosial. Kajian ini menegaskan pendekatan berasaskan bukti dikawal selia untuk menangani pengharmoniannya dengan undang-undang Islam.Kata Kunci: Ujian Paterniti DNA, Pengharmonian, Pendekatan berasaskan bukti..
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Cohas, Aurélie, et Dominique Allainé. « Social structure influences extra-pair paternity in socially monogamous mammals ». Biology Letters 5, no 3 (4 mars 2009) : 313–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2008.0760.
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Using the genetic estimates of paternity available for 22 species of socially monogamous mammals, we investigated the impact of the social structure and of the type of pair bonding on the interspecific variations of extra-pair paternity rates. To this purpose, we classified species in three categories of social structure—solitary, pair or family-living species—and in two categories of pair bonding—intermittent or continuous. We show that interspecific variations of extra-pair paternity rates are better explained by the social structure than by the type of pair bonding. Species with intermittent and continuous pair bonding present similar rates of extra-pair paternity, while solitary and family-living species present higher extra-pair paternity rates than pair-living species. This can be explained by both higher male–male competition and higher female mate choice opportunities in solitary and family-living species than in pair-living species.
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Prall, Sean P., et Brooke A. Scelza. « Why men invest in non-biological offspring : paternal care and paternity confidence among Himba pastoralists ». Proceedings of the Royal Society B : Biological Sciences 287, no 1922 (11 mars 2020) : 20192890. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.2890.
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Paternal investment is predicted to be a facultative calculation based on expected fitness returns and modulated by a host of social predictors including paternity uncertainty. However, the direct role of paternity confidence on the patterns of paternal investment is relatively unknown, in part due to a lack of research in populations with high levels of paternity uncertainty. Additionally, much of the work on paternity certainty uses cues of paternity confidence rather than direct assessments from fathers. We examine the effect of paternity assertions on the multiple measures of paternal investment in Himba pastoralists. Despite a high degree of paternity uncertainty, Himba have strong norms associated with social fatherhood, with men expected to invest equally in biological and non-biological offspring. Our behavioural data show patterns that largely conform to these norms. For domains of investment that are highly visible to the community, such as brideprice payments, we find no evidence of investment biased by paternity confidence. However, more private investment decisions do show some evidence of sex-specific titration. We discuss these results in light of broader considerations about paternal care and the mating–parenting trade-off.
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de Ruiter, Jan R., et Miho Inoue. « Paternity, male social rank, and sexual behaviour ». Primates 34, no 4 (octobre 1993) : 553–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02382666.
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Harris, Ian, et Robert Salt. « Patterns of Paternity ». Journal of Men's Studies 7, no 2 (1 janvier 1999) : 245–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3149/jms.0702.245.
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ROSS, LAINIE FRIEDMAN. « DISCLOSING MISATTRIBUTED PATERNITY ». Bioethics 10, no 2 (avril 1996) : 114–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8519.1996.tb00111.x.
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Draper, H. « Paternity fraud and compensation for misattributed paternity ». Journal of Medical Ethics 33, no 8 (1 août 2007) : 475–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.2005.013268.
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Soulsbury, Carl D. « Ovulation mode modifies paternity monopolization in mammals ». Biology Letters 6, no 1 (7 octobre 2009) : 39–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2009.0703.
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There are two forms of ovulation: spontaneous and induced. As copulation triggers ovulation for induced ovulators, males can predict the timing of ovulation and may have greater paternity monopolization than spontaneous ovulators. However, this prediction has never, to my knowledge, been tested. Using a cross-species comparison I examined the percentage of offspring sired within a litter (single paternity) and in social species the percentage of offspring sired by the dominant male (alpha paternity). My results indicate that ovulation mode alters the ability of males to monopolize paternity, with males of induced ovulators having higher single paternity and greater alpha paternity where male–female association is intermittent.
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Kempenaers, Bart. « Does Reproductive Synchrony Limit Male Opportunities or Enhance Female Choice for Extra-Pair Paternity ? » Behaviour 134, no 7-8 (1997) : 551–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853997x00520.
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AbstractBreeding synchrony has been suggested as one factor that might explain the variation in frequency of extra-pair paternity, both between and within species. Reproductive synchrony might limit the opportunities for males to engage in extra-pair copulations (EPCs), because males face a trade-off with guarding their own fertile partner. Alternatively, breeding synchrony may promote extra-pair paternity, because of reduced male-male competition for EPCs or because of enhanced possibilities for females to assess male quality. In this study, I investigated the influence of synchrony on the occurrence of extra-pair paternity in the blue tit Parus caeruleus. Over four years, breeding synchrony and extra-pair paternity were positively related. Within a season, extra-pair paternity occurred independently of the timing of breeding. The fertile period of the extra-pair male's social mate and that of the extra-pair female often overlapped considerably. However, males who performed EPCs during the fertile period of their social mate were not more likely to lose paternity than males who performed EPCs after the fertile period of their mate. These data suggest that breeding synchrony has little influence on the occurrence of extra-pair paternity in the blue tit.
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Sorj, Bila, et Alexandre Fraga. « Leave policies and social inequality in Brazil ». International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 40, no 5/6 (6 janvier 2020) : 515–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-07-2019-0141.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between leave policies and social inequalities. It seeks to analyze the historical course of maternity and paternity leave legislation in Brazil, and also provides quantitative evidence that access to leave is impacted by social stratification, revealing different inequalities. Design/methodology/approach To investigate access to leave policies, this study uses data from the Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua Anual de 2017 (Annual National Continuous Household Sampling Survey of 2017), conducted by IBGE/Brazil. Findings The results point out the existence of inequalities in the conceptions of leave policies in Brazil, and lead to quantitative confirmation that access to leave is stratified and permeated by inequalities of gender, class, race and age. Social implications By pointing out the social inequalities resulting from the contributory scheme of maternity and paternity leave, the results of this paper may generate debate on the transformation of leave into a universal right of citizens and impact public policy agenda in the future. Originality/value This is the first Brazilian study to analyze the relationship between leave policy and social inequality through quantitative data, showing the existence of social stratification of gender, class, race and age concerning the employed population’s access to maternity and paternity leave.
Thèses sur le sujet "Social paternity"
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Nilsson, Dan, et Stefan Nyrell. « Familjens val -Om familjers fördelning av föräldraledighet : Families choice -Aboute famelies division of paternity/maternity leave ». Thesis, Kristianstad University College, Department of Health Sciences, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-3469.
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The following paper looks into Maternity\Paternity leave and how the parents make use of it. The underlying reasons for the paper, is a pattern of unequal division of leave between the mother and father.
By using a qualitative in depth interview technique with couples that have children between 2 and 3 years old we have looked for reasons why the decisions, around the division of leave, have been taken, and what factors influence the outcome.
We have found that great importance is attached to, how, the negotiations are carried out between the parents, although these negotiations are influenced by a series of circumstances where the families economic situation influenced by the employment market are important factors.
The results from the empiric part of the study showed a link between the childs age and which parent stayed home.
Furthermore, the results show the families place in relationship to the structure of society also plays an important part in the concluding division of leave.
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Beck, Kristina [Verfasser], et Bart [Akademischer Betreuer] Kempenaers. « The link between social environment and patterns of extra-pair paternity / Kristina Beck ; Betreuer : Bart Kempenaers ». München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1228787220/34.
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Hauver, Stephanie Anne. « Genetic determinants of raccoon social behavior in a highly urbanized environment ». Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1211198470.
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Quennehen, Marine. « La paternité "ordinaire" en prison ». Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0158.
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Comment l’incarcération affecte-t-elle le rôle paternel ? La prison produit des conditions spécifiques d’actualisation de ce rôle, définies par les conditions d’incarcération et d’autres éléments provenant du parcours biographique. Il s’agit d’appréhender la paternité non pas à travers une seule dimension (le lien père-enfant en prison), mais plusieurs (histoire familiale, conjugale, etc.). Cette thèse fait dialoguer la sociologie de la famille, du genre et de la disqualification sociale, et propose une approche pluridimensionnelle de son objet, la paternité en prison. Nous distinguons et articulons trois dimensions : une analyse relationnelle de la paternité en contexte d’incarcération, saisie par les pratiques concrètes des pères détenus et de leur entourage ; une approche biographique replaçant le présent dans l’histoire familiale des pères rencontrés ; et enfin, une analyse « compréhensive » des normes, qui s’efforce de saisir comment ces hommes pensent et analysent leur rôle de père. Cette thèse repose sur des entretiens répétés avec soixante-dix détenus, rencontrés de deux à trois fois dans deux maisons d’arrêt et deux centres de détention. Cette méthodologie induit un retour réflexif des enquêtés sur eux-mêmes. Conjointement, des entretiens ont été réalisés avec différent∙es professionnel∙les travaillant en milieu carcéral, complétés par des observations ethnographiques en détention et lors de réunions des commissions d’aménagement des peines, dans le but de comprendre dans quelle mesure la paternité en prison était prise en compte par l’institution. Cette thèse met en évidence deux résultats principaux. La paternité, tout d’abord, peine à acquérir une place prépondérante dans les récits, les pratiques et les espaces de la détention. Il n’existe pas d’attentes particulières de l’institution concernant les liens familiaux des hommes incarcérés. Les hommes détenus n’ont aucune visibilité sociale en tant que pères. Le second résultat est qu’il n’existe pas une paternité en prison, mais bien un éventail de situations paternelles. Nous avons forgé une typologie des paternités en prison qui se décline en quatre types : « marginale », « suspendue », « brisée » et « ressource »How does incarceration affect a father’s role as a parent? Prison produces specific conditions for actualizing this role, which are defined by the conditions of incarceration and other phenomena from an individual’s life event history. This means understanding fatherhood not through a single lens (the father-child relationship whilst in prison) but several (family and partnership history, etc.).This thesis brings into dialogue the sociology of the family, of gender and of social disqualification, and studies fatherhood in prison through a multidimensional perspective. Three dimensions are distinguished and articulated: a relational analysis of fatherhood in the context of incarceration, understood through the concrete practices of detained fathers and their entourage; an event-history approach that re-places the present within fathers’ family history; and finally, a ‘comprehensive’ analysis of norms, which attempts to grasp how these men think and to analyse their role as fathers. This thesis uses repeated interviews with 70 detainees who were met from 2 to 3 times in two remand prisons and two detention centres. This methodology prompts reflexive feedback from respondents about themselves. In conjunction, to understand how far fatherhood was taken into account by institutions, interviews were conducted with professionals working in prisons and are supplemented with ethnographic observations in the prison context and at meetings of commissions deciding adjusted sentences.Two main results emerge from this thesis. First, fatherhood struggles to acquire a prominent place in the narratives, practices, and spaces of detention. There are no particular institutional expectations concerning the family ties of incarcerated men, who have no social visibility as fathers. Second, there is no single form of fatherhood in prison but rather an array of paternal situations. We have developed a quadripartite typology of fatherhood in prison: ‘marginal’, ‘suspended’, ‘broken’, and ‘resource’
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Soares, Tatiane Machado da Silva. « A escola como componente da rede social de apoio à paternidade na adolescência ». Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2010. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/1889.
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Previous issue date: 2010-06-25The present study had as objective to know the perceptions of adolescent fathers about school as a social network of support for paternity in the adolescency. This is a study with qualitative approach, which used as a theoretical reference the Sluzki´s concept on social networks. It was developed with five teenage parents: two were students of a local public school in the city of Pelotas and three were participants in a multicentric research called Support Network to Paternity in Adolescency. After the consent of participants, the collecting data began, which has occurred in the months of August and September of 2009, at home of each parent teenagers. The application of a semistructured questionnaire with open questions was used as a collection technique. The interviews were recorded, faithfully transcribed, analyzed and organized into themes. It was found that teenage parents escaped from the school before the paternity because of the need to work and obtain financial resources to support themselves. None of them had knowledge about social support networks and also unaware of their rights as citizens and students, which are described in the Law of Directives and Bases of Education. The school, in the view of each of them, also showed no concern or encouragement to help them stay in school. It is necessary to disclose these parents their rights as citizens, because only through information and education is that they could reach their goals as men, as parents and as citizens.
O presente estudo teve como objetivo conhecer as percepções do pai adolescente acerca da escola como uma rede social de apoio à paternidade na adolescência. Trata-se de um estudo com abordagem qualitativa, que utilizou como referencial teórico os conceitos de Sluzki sobre redes sociais. Foi desenvolvido com cinco pais adolescentes; dois eram estudantes de uma Escola Pública Municipal na cidade de Pelotas e três eram participantes de uma pesquisa multicêntrica denominada Redes de Apoio à Paternidade na Adolescência. Após o consentimento dos participantes, iniciou-se a coleta de dados, que ocorreu nos meses de agosto e setembro de 2009, no domicílio de cada um dos pais adolescentes. Utilizou-se como técnica de coleta a aplicação de um questionário semiestruturado, com perguntas abertas. As entrevistas foram gravadas, fielmente transcritas, analisadas e organizadas em temáticas. Constatou-se que os pais adolescentes evadiram da escola antes da paternidade, devido à necessidade de trabalhar e obter recursos financeiros para o próprio sustento. Nenhum deles tinha conhecimento sobre redes sociais de apoio e também desconheciam seus direitos de cidadãos e estudantes, que estão descritos na Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação. A escola, na visão de cada um deles, também não demonstrou nenhuma preocupação ou incentivo em ajudá-los a permanecer estudando. Faz-se necessário divulgar a estes pais seus direitos como cidadãos, pois só através de informação e educação é que eles conseguirão atingir seus objetivos como homens, como pais e como cidadãos.
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Durrant, Kate, et n/a. « The Genetic and Social Mating System of a White-Backed Population of the Australian Magpie (Gymnorhina tibicen tyrannica) ». Griffith University. Australian School of Environmental Studies, 2004. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20040716.093636.
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The Australian magpie (Gymnorhina tibicen) is a large, sedentary, omnivorous passerine. In some populations, individuals live in groups, and some of these groups breed cooperatively. The white-backed magpie (G. t. tyrannica) from the south-eastern corner of the continent, has had relatively little study, and few details are known of its mating system, social structure, and method of parental care. I conducted an observational study on a population of white-backed magpies, recording details of their demography, dispersal, breeding system, and parental care. In conjunction, I conducted a genetic analysis of the population, to determine if the genetic mating system matched the observed social system, to detect instances of extra-group mating, and to sex juvenile birds. Extra-pair paternity (EPP) is a common feature of the mating systems of many birds. The rate of EPP may vary between species, races and populations. I made a comparison of extra-group paternity (EGP) rates between two races of the Australian magpie, to determine if similar mating systems were being employed. The two populations had similar social structure, but differed in group size and dispersal. I predicted that dispersal differences would have a profound effect on the rate of EGP between the populations, as the population with the lower rate of dispersal and higher chance of breeding with a close relative would engage in EGPs more frequently. Eight microsatellite loci were used to determine parentage in the white-backed Australian magpie. The rate of EGP was found to be 44%. Dispersal rates were estimated from observational data. Over half of the juvenile magpie cohort from the previous breeding season leave the territorial group. These results contrast sharply with the results found by other researchers in a population of western Australian magpies (G t. dorsalis). In this population, 82% EGP is recorded and dispersal of juveniles is close to nil. The results indicate that dispersal rate is a potentially important predictor of rates of extra-group fertilisations between populations of this species, and suggest that females maximise their reproductive output by avoiding breeding with close kin. The reproductive success of a male bird is often correlated with measurable traits that predict his intrinsic quality. Females are thought to select mates based on their quality to gain their 'good genes'. Male Australian magpies of the white-backed race were trapped in two breeding seasons. Measurements were taken of morphometric and other characteristics in order to discover whether particular traits of males were associated with: a) number of fledglings produced in the territory per season; b) percentage of offspring sired in the territory; and c) whether females select males for their 'good genes'. The only variable that was correlated with number of territorial offspring was feather lice load. Males with high numbers of lice were less likely to produce territorial fledglings in one season and across both seasons. Males of inferior quality may be subject to increased conspecific territorial intrusions, leading to more time spent on defence, more failed breeding attempts, less time allocated to grooming and thus high parasite loads. Males that produced many territorial fledglings were more likely to gain genetic paternity of at least some of them, although again this was significant for only one season. Also, across both seasons, a high number of females in the group was correlated with increased paternity within the group. The general lack of correlation between the variables and level of genetic paternity may be due to females engaging in extra-group mating primarily to avoid breeding with a close relative rather than to choose a quality male. In this scenario, males would not have to be 'high quality', but merely genetically different to the female's social mate. Extra-group paternity (EGP) can affect paternal effort. It may also influence the helping effort of auxiliary birds in cooperatively breeding species. If helping is driven by kin selection, helpers should decline to provision unrelated young. Relatedness becomes difficult to assess however, when females mate outside the group. Alternative rewards may then become important in helper decisions. In my study population of Australian magpies, 38% of fledglings were sired by males outside the territorial group. In a second population (G. t. dorsalis), 82% of fledglings were sired by extra-group males. I observed within-group male and helper feeding effort over three breeding seasons in the first population and obtained data recorded over a single season in the second population. In both populations, males provisioned young regardless of relatedness, as did helpers. Males provisioned less than the nesting female on average. Paternal effort did not reduce with an increase in the rate of EGP between populations. In the population with intermediate levels of EGP, the white-backed magpies, I observed helpers in about half of the sampled territories that produced fledglings. Helpers did not increase the production of young. In the population with high levels of EGP, western magpies, I detected helping behaviour in proportionally more territories. It appears that Australian magpie helpers provide help in order to pay 'rent' and remain on the natal territory. I discuss these results in light of the differences between the two races of magpie and the major theories regarding male parenting decisions and helper activity. Finally, I examine the relatively high rates of EGP's in the Australian magpie from a phylogenetic perspective. Although inbreeding avoidance is strongly supported by this study as the major reason EGP is so common in magpie populations, there may be an element of phylogenetic inertia that maintains the frequency of this behavioural trait. I comment upon the use of single-population estimates of species EGP rates in comparative analyses, given the intraspecific variation discovered between Australian magpie populations. Future directions for the study of mate choice in the Australian magpie are outlined with a proposal to study variation at the major histocompatibility complex between mated pairs.
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Saviolli, Carolina Mota Gala. « Construção de sentidos sobre a participação do pai no tratamento de filhas com diagnóstico de transtornos alimentares ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59137/tde-14102013-142229/.
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O objetivo geral do presente estudo foi compreender o processo de construção de sentidos sobre a participação do pai no contexto de tratamento dos transtornos alimentares. A partir da utilização de uma perspectiva construcionista social, esses transtornos passaram a ser compreendidos enquanto construções sociais, da mesma maneira que o lugar do pai na atualidade. Esse objetivo foi delineado a partir da experiência em um serviço especializado de atendimento, o Grupo de Assistência em Transtornos Alimentares (GRATA), no qual se denotava a maior presença das mães nas estratégias oferecidas, assim como do diálogo com a literatura científica, que apontava reduzidos estudos que focalizassem o discurso paterno. Como objetivos específicos, buscaram-se compreender como os discursos sociais da atualidade contribuem para a construção de sentidos sobre a participação do pai, e quais limites eles circunscrevem em termos das ações tomadas. Para isso, foram conduzidas 12 entrevistas individuais com pais cujas filhas estivessem em seguimento no serviço naquele momento e, em um caso apenas, com o pai de uma filha que havia recebido alta do serviço. O roteiro de entrevista utilizado tratava de temas considerados relevantes para esse contexto, mas, pela vasta quantidade de material, um recorte precisou ser aplicado, tendo como critério priorizar os sentidos construídos que contribuíram mais diretamente para a construção da participação do pai no tratamento. As entrevistas foram transcritas literalmente e na íntegra, constituindo o corpus de análise. A análise foi empreendida com base na Teoria Relacional do Sentido e na Teoria das Práticas Discursivas e Produção de Sentidos no Cotidiano. Foram enfatizados também os jogos de linguagem e de posicionamento situados na relação pesquisadora-colaborador, considerando a linguagem em uso como ação, construtora de realidades. A partir desse empreendimento relacional, foi possível discutir alguns pontos relevantes para a compreensão da temática: o posicionamento da pesquisadora enquanto psicóloga do serviço e como isso delimitou os sentidos produzidos nas interações; a valorização do conhecimento especializado; a construção ampliada da participação do pai para além das atividades oferecidas no contexto hospitalar, como seu lugar de apoio à filha e à esposa, especialmente; o cuidado como ação paterna. Tais sentidos foram confrontados com os validados pela literatura na área, e iniciadas algumas reflexões no sentido de ampliar a negociação sobre a participação do pai, utilizando, para tanto, algumas ferramentas conversacionais construcionistas, como a de self relacional e da responsabilidade relacional. Espera-se que os resultados possam auxiliar os profissionais e os serviços de saúde que atendem a essa população a uma relação mais colaborativa com esses pais, na qual haja o diálogo com esses atores e legitimação desse saber, buscando contextos de assistência que sejam mais convidativos para eles. Isso talvez contribua para uma ressignificação de seu lugar no tratamento de suas filhas.The aim of this study was to understand the meaning construction process about the father\'s participation in the treatment context of eating disorders. Based on the use of a social constructionist perspective, these disorders are understood as social constructions, in the same way as the father\'s place nowadays. This aim was outlined departing from the experience at an specialized care service, the Eating Disorder Care Group (GRATA), where the greater presence of mothers in the strategies offered was observed, as well as from the dialogue with scientific literature, which appointed limited studies that focused on paternal discourse. As specific aims, we attempted to understand how current social discourse contributes to the construction of meanings about the father\'s participation, and what limits they circumscribe in terms of what actions need to be taken. Therefore, individual interviews were held with 12 fathers whose daughters were under treatment at the time of the research. In only one case the daughter had been discharged from the service. The interview script addressed themes that are considered relevant for this context but, due to the great amount of material, an excerpt was taken, prioritizing the meanings that most directly contributed to the construction of the father\'s participation in treatment. The interviews were completely and literally transcribed, constituting the analysis corpus. To undertake the analysis, the concepts proposed in the Theory of Meaning and the Theory of Discursive Practices and Production of Meanings in Daily Life. Language and positioning games were emphasized that are situated in the relation between researcher and collaborator, considering the language used as action, as a constructor of reality. Based on this relational undertaking, some relevant aspects to understand the theme could be discussed: the researcher\'s positioning as the service psychologist and how this outlined the meanings produced in the interactions; the valuation of specialized knowledge; the expanded construction of the father\'s participation beyond the activities offered in the hospital context, especially as his place to support his daughter and wife; care as paternal action. These meanings were confronted with those validated in literature in the area, and some reflections started in order to broaden the negotiation about the father\'s participation, using some constructionist conversation tools for this purpose, including the concept of relational self and the concept of relational responsibility. We hope the results can help health professionals and services that deliver care to this population to achieve a more collaborative relation with these partners, which is open to dialogue and can result in care contexts that are more inviting to them, legitimizing this knowledge. This may contribute to attribute a new meaning to their place in their daughters\' treatment.
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Schlicht, Lotte [Verfasser], et Bart [Akademischer Betreuer] Kempenaers. « Proxies of extra-pair behaviour : the influence of the spatial, temporal, and social setting on patterns of extra-pair paternity / Lotte Schlicht. Betreuer : Bart Kempenaers ». München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1069491225/34.
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Lopes, Tatiana Coelho. « Itinerário da paternidade : a construção social da integralidade do cuidado ao recém-nascido e família na UTI- Neonatal ». Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2009. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=5163.
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Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de JaneiroEsta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar o itinerário da paternidade como uma construção social, a partir das relações estabelecidas entre os pais com os membros da instituição de saúde e as redes sociais em que se inserem. Tal construção se configurou na busca, pelo pai, de reconhecimento do exercício da paternidade, bem como suas repercussões na integralidade do cuidado ao recém-nascido de risco e sua família. Utilizamos como pressupostos conceituais para definição do itinerário da paternidade as teorias da integralidade (desenvolvidas pelo grupo LAPPIS), a teoria do reconhecimento (de Axel Honneth) e de redes sociais (de Paulo Henrique Martins). O cenário da pesquisa foi o Hospital Sofia Feldman, instituição filantrópica de direito privado localizada na periferia de Belo Horizonte, Estado de Minas Gerais. Participaram do estudo três pais que tiveram filhos internados na UTIN e seus familiares, além de profissionais, voluntários e gestores que atuam na instituição. A partir da abordagem da fenomenologia sociológica, realizaram-se entrevistas, observação dos espaços institucionais e dois grupos focais com familiares, adotando-se a Metodologia de Análise de Redes no Cotidiano (MARES) como técnica de coleta de dados. A análise dos itinerários da paternidade nos permitiu discutir as repercussões da trajetória desses pais nas dimensões da integralidade (políticas e organização dos serviços e saberes e práticas dos profissionais). Verificamos que a alta da companheira e internação do filho na neonatologia constituem uma inflexão no percurso dos pais no que concerne à questão do reconhecimento como usuário no serviço e a integralidade do cuidado à família. Além disso, identificamos que as relações estabelecidas no acolhimento desses pais pelos profissionais envolveram a negociação de saberes entre os profissionais, e destes com os usuários, que repercutiram na construção e reconstrução das práticas de cuidado na UTIN. Tais repercussões significaram, na prática, formas de inclusão do pai, que passa de uma situação de observador privilegiado do cuidado com o filho para um mediador colaborador na efetivação da integralidade da assistência do filho na UTIN. Vislumbramos o itinerário da paternidade como uma ferramenta de prática avaliativa na perspectiva do usuário amistosa à integralidade, que possibilita a revalorização da experiência e das relações entre os sujeitos, e que tem no agir em saúde o catalisador para as transformações do cuidado como exercício de cidadania.
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Vale, Camile Biscola do. « Adoção na velhice : limites e possibilidades ». Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2013. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/12434.
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This work discusses the possibility of adopting children and adolescents by elderly people. In the first chapter there is a theoretical discussion about concepts of old age and aging, taking into account the notion of culture and how this culture indicates a large heterogeneity on issues related to old age and aging. Some examples of elders who exert or wish to exercise paternity and maternity through artificial insemination or adoption are highlighted. The second chapter focuses on adoption, its history and evolution in Brazil, reaching the current legislation defining cases for adoption. Taking into account that the legislation that guides and defines the case for adoption is the Child and Adolescent Statute (ECA), this statute does not define a maximum age for applicants interested in adoption. In the third chapter, the issue of old age and adoption appear united and there is an analysis of how the assessments of elders interested in adoption are conducted. This dissertation interprets how social workers of the Forums in the ABCD region - Santo André, São Bernardo, São Caetano do Sul and Diadema - who mediate the assessment processes for the qualification of elderly adopters, interpret the paternity and maternity of children and adolescents in the old age
Este trabalho discute a possibilidade de adoção de crianças e adolescentes por pessoas idosas. No primeiro capítulo, faz-se uma discussão teórica sobre conceitos de velhice e envelhecimento, focalizando a heterogeneidade no que se refere a essas questões, pelo viés da noção de cultura. São destacados alguns idosos que desejam ou que já exercem a paternidade e maternidade, nesta fase da vida, de filhos advindos de inseminação artificial ou pelo processo de adoção. O segundo capítulo aborda o histórico e a evolução da adoção no Brasil, chegando até a atual legislação que define e norteia os procedimentos que devem ser considerados quando se trata de adotar crianças ou adolescentes. Fica claro, ainda, que o texto do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente ECA, que define tais casos, não estabelece uma idade máxima para os pretendentes adotantes. No terceiro capítulo, unem-se as duas questões, velhice e adoção, tendo em vista que se faz uma análise de como são realizadas as avaliações dos pretendentes idosos, quando se mostram interessados na adoção. Esta dissertação procura avaliar como as assistentes sociais dos Fóruns da região do ABCD - Santo André, São Bernardo, São Caetano do Sul e Diadema -, mediadoras nos processos de habilitação dos adotantes idosos, interpretam os papéis de pai e mãe na fase da velhice, tanto de crianças quanto de adolescentes
Livres sur le sujet "Social paternity"
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Welter, Belmiro Pedro. Igualdade entre as filiações biológica e socioafetiva. São Paulo : Editora Revista dos Tribunais, 2003.
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Rachel, Bédard, dir. La paternité usurpatrice : L'origine de l'oppression des femmes. Montréal, Qc : Editions du Remue-Ménage, 1985.
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Partible paternity and anthropological theory : The construction of an ethnographic fantasy. Lanham, Md : University Press of America, 2009.
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Jorge, Társis Nametala Sarlo. Segurado contribuinte individual : Configuração legal e regime jurídico previdenciário após a Lei complementar 123/06. Curitiba : Juruá Editora, 2007.
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Thompson, Buddy. Pony lady : A Lexington story. Lexington, Ky : Buggy Whip Press, 1994.
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Bertocchi, Federica. Sociologia della paternità. [Padua, Italy] : CEDAM, 2009.
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United States. Congress. Senate. A bill to amend title IV of the Social Security Act and other provisions to provide reforms to the welfare system in effect in the United States. [Washington, D.C.?] : [United States Government Printing Office], 1994.
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Bodies, blood and families : In early modern England. Harlow, England : Pearson/Longman, 2004.
Trouver le texte intégralChapitres de livres sur le sujet "Social paternity"
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Spaas, Lieve. « Mythical Constructs and Social Realities ». Dans Paternity and Fatherhood, 1–11. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13816-6_1.
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Roosalu, Triin, Marion Pajumets et Leeni Hansson. « Experts’ Arguments for Paternity Leave : Social-Democratic and Post-Socialist Frames Compared ». Dans Rethinking Gender, Work and Care in a New Europe, 47–63. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137371096_3.
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« CHAPTER SIX. Recognizing Biological and Social Paternity ». Dans My Baby's Father, 93–110. Ithaca, NY : Cornell University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501717383-008.
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Dunbar, Robin. « Deacon's Dilemma : The Problem of Pair-bonding in Human Evolution ». Dans Social Brain, Distributed Mind. British Academy, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197264522.003.0008.
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Humans have an unusual mating system — nominally monogamous pair-bonds set within multimale/multifemale communities. In the context of large, dispersed communities, this inevitably places a significant stress on mating strategies, especially for males for whom paternity uncertainty is a real problem. This chapter discusses the nature of this bonding process in terms of the proximate mechanisms that make it possible, and then asks why such a phenomenon might have evolved. It suggests that the evidence for the importance of biparental care is weak, and a more likely explanation is that females attached themselves to males in order to reduce the risks of harassment and infanticide from other males. Finally, the discussion examines when pair-bonds of this kind might have evolved during the course of hominin evolution, and suggests that it might have been quite late.
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« Redefming maternity and paternity : gender, pronatalism and social policies in fascist Italy ». Dans Maternity and Gender Policies, 212–28. Routledge, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203059913-18.
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Gabel, Shirley Gatenio, Wen-Jui Han et Xiaoran Wang. « China : leave and population policies ». Dans Parental Leave and Beyond, sous la direction de Peter Moss, Ann-Zofie Duvander et Alison Koslowski, 111–28. Policy Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447338772.003.0007.
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China’s recent abolition of its one-child policy has provided a major impetus to formally restructure its Maternity Leave policy. Confronted by shifting socio-demographics and changing roles of government and employers as a result of a transition to a market economy, China needed to adjust the demographic structure of the country and address social expectations of family composition and caring. To motivate parents to have more than one child, Maternity Leave has been lengthened nation-wide and Paternity Leave introduced in some areas. This chapter reviews the evolution of modern Maternity Leave policy in China beginning in 1951 and traces how Maternity (and most recently Paternity) Leave policies have unfolded in response to changing political, socio-economic and demographic goals. In its earliest period, China’s leave policy was driven initially by socialist ideals, then largely by economic reasons and women’s rights from the 1980s into the new century. The most recent shift in family policy was primarily led by social research raising concerns about demographic changes and economic growth. The chapter ends with a discussion of how current changes may affect future directions.
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Hardwick, Julie. « Sourcing Intimate Histories ». Dans Sex in an Old Regime City, 18–42. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190945183.003.0002.
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The histories of intimate lives have proven very elusive, but a rich series of long misunderstood legal documents offers an informative window into the social world of young workers. Understanding the long, complex history of their misrepresentation uncovers a trove brimming with evidence. Young women’s paternity suits, usually mischaracterized as pregnancy declarations (déclarations de grossesse), provide a thick vein of evidence about all aspects of young couples’ intimacy. The testimonies of witnesses provide a granular texture about their experiences, and young women sometimes deposited as evidence other material that is almost never extant for working communities in the form of letters, love notes, and out-of-court settlements. They reveal the material culture of intimacy.
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Franco, Pamela R. « Women Maskers ». Dans Walking Raddy, 61–74. University Press of Mississippi, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496817396.003.0006.
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This chapter discusses two elements of black women’s masquerade, dressing up and social commentary, in Trinidad Carnival and the efficacy of their performance. The Baby Doll masquerade character of the early decades of the twentieth century provides a portrait of the intersection of dress, commentary, and play. The beautiful and radiant Martiniquian-style dress enabled Black women to be visible as they took center stage in a performance of public shaming of men allegedly for non-support of their children. At times comic, the performance was also double-edged. Black women appeared to be both virtuous (as mothers) and deviant (whores who could not confirm a father’s paternity). In the end, the Baby Doll character was an inventive, carnivalesque attempt to right a wrong, but to no avail.
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Gilmore, Stephen, et Lisa Glennon. « 7. A child’s parents : parentage, parenthood, and parental responsibility ». Dans Hayes & ; Williams' Family Law, 382–468. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198853855.003.0007.
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This chapter examines the law on legal parenthood (including establishing paternity) and the allocation, acquisition, nature and scope of parental responsibility. The law has had to address a number of questions in light of medical advances and social change. Who is a child’s mother when a woman gives birth to a child conceived as a result of egg donation by another woman? How is the law on surrogacy to be regulated? Can a female-to-male transsexual person become a child’s father via assisted conception (or indeed a mother if he gives birth)? Is a mother’s same-sex partner to be recognised as her child’s parent too? If so, in what sense? As this last question suggests, the law’s response is also complicated by the fact that the notion of ‘being a parent’ has several different facets.
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« Introduction ». Dans Father Involvement In the Early Years, sous la direction de Marina A. Adler et Karl Lenz. Policy Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447318996.003.0008.
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After outlining the key aspects of the changing social, cultural, and policy context of parenting in Western societies, the introduction clarifies terminology and key concepts used throughout the book, such as the distinction among fatherhood, fathering, and types of fathers. It also presents the theoretical framework used to examine father involvement with young children in six countries. This includes the fatherhood regime, fathers’ agency gap and capability to care for children, and gendered care and workplace cultures. In addition, the structural context of welfare states and policy regimes is reviewed to frame the institutional support for father involvement, such as compensated paternity and parental leave. At the individual level father involvement is conceptualized as encompassing engagement, accessibility and responsibility as expressed in the type and quantity of time of fathers’ activities with their young children. Finally, the chapter briefly outlines the structure of the book.
Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Social paternity"
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Cecília Máximo Teodoro, Maria, et Miriam Parreiras de Souza. « The equal legal treatment of paternity leave and maternity leave : the path to equality sexist labor market ». Dans XXVI World Congress of Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy. Initia Via, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.17931/ivr2013_sws110_06.
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Petrova, Mariya. « POSTHUMOUS ASSISTED REPRODUCTION ». Dans THE LAW AND THE BUSINESS IN THE CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY 2020. University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/lbcs2020.179.
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The posthumous assisted reproduction is forbidden in Bulgaria due to the Bulgarian tradi-tions and the established legal theory and practice, as well as because of considerations of vari-ous nature: socio-economic, biological, ethical, psychological, etc. However, according to the practices in some foreign countries, the issue concerning this type of reproduction provokes theoretical and practical interest. The author presents her view on the impact of this issue for resolving the problems related to paternity, inheritance and the legal consequences resulting from them.