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1
Vrabcová, Pavla, Andreas Nikodemus et Miroslav Hájek. « Utilization of Forest Resources and Socio‑Economic Development in Uukolonkadhi Community Forest of Namibia ». Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 67, no 1 (2019) : 197–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201967010197.
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The project for community forest of Namibia has a mandate to ensure that rural communities manage and utilize forest resources sustainably in order to promote socio‑economic development. Despite the absence of true forests from Namibia, which makes it difficult for timber industry to grow, there is still an abundance of non‑timber forest products in Namibian forests. This research aimed at assessing the monetary value of non‑timber forest products in Uukolonkadhi Community Forest. The research covered the period of five production years. The value of nine selected non‑timber forest products was given in monetary terms. The results reveal that there is a potential to generate monetary income from community forests products. However, due to erratic climatic conditions, there are fluctuations in the income generation, most especially from the products that are directly dependent on the rainfall. Harvesting permits for poles was observed to be the main source of income. Some of the major observed challenges facing the project of community forest were the high level of illiteracy among the management staff. Therefore, it is of vital importance that more qualified foresters and forestry technicians are hired and allocated to all community forests. Furthermore, adequate funds are needed from the government and donors to support incentives and forest activities in community forests.
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Jellenz, Moritz, Vito Bobek et Tatjana Horvat. « Impact of Education on Sustainable Economic Development in Emerging Markets—The Case of Namibia’s Tertiary Education System and its Economy ». Sustainability 12, no 21 (23 octobre 2020) : 8814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12218814.
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The research’s fundamental investigation elaborates on interactions between tertiary educational factors and Namibia’s sustainable economic development. Sequential mixed-research-method guides the investigation towards its results: A quantitative statistical data analysis enables the selection of interrelated educational and economic factors and monitors its development within Namibia’s last three decades. Subsequent qualitative interviews accumulate respondents’ subjective assessments that enable answering the fundamental interaction. Globally evident connections between a nation’s tertiary education system and its economic development are partially confirmed within Namibia. The domestic government recognizes the importance of education that represents a driving force for its sustainable economic development. Along with governmental NDP’s (National Development Program) and its long-term Vision 2030, Namibia is on the right track in transforming itself into a Knowledge-Based and Sustainable Economy. This transformation process increases human capital, growing GDP, and enhances domestic’s living standards. Namibia’s multiculturalism and its unequal resource distribution provoke difficulties for certain ethnicities accessing educational institutions. Namibia’s tertiary education system’s other challenges are missing infrastructures, lacking curricula’ quality, and absent international expertise. The authors’ findings suggest that, due to Namibia’s late independence, there is a substantial need to catch up in creating a Namibian identity. Socioeconomic actions would enhance domestic’s self-esteem and would enable the development of sustainable economic sectors. Raising the Namibian tertiary education system’s educational quality and enhancing its access could lead to diversification of economic sectors, accelerating its internationalization process. Besides that, Namibia has to face numerous challenges, including corruption, unemployment, and multidimensional poverty, that interact with its tertiary education system.
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Greiner, Clemens. « MIGRATION, TRANSLOCAL NETWORKS AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC STRATIFICATION IN NAMIBIA ». Africa 81, no 4 (13 octobre 2011) : 606–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972011000477.
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ABSTRACTRural–urban migration and networks are fundamental for many livelihoods in sub-Saharan Africa. Remittances in cash and kind provide additional income, enhance food security and offer access to viable resources in both rural and urban areas. Migration allows the involved households to benefit from price differences between rural and urban areas. In this contribution, I demonstrate that rural–urban networks not only contribute to poverty alleviation and security, but also further socio-economic stratification. This aspect has been ignored or neglected by most scholars and development planners. Using ethnographic data from Namibia, I have adopted a translocal perspective on migration and stratification, focusing on the resulting impact in rural areas where modern urban forms of stratification, induced by education and income from wage labour, are on the increase.
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Kapuka, Alpo, et Tomáš Hlásny. « Social Vulnerability to Natural Hazards in Namibia : A District-Based Analysis ». Sustainability 12, no 12 (16 juin 2020) : 4910. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12124910.
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Southern Africa is one of the world’s poorest and most vulnerable regions with severe barriers to its sustainable development. We strived to understand here the patterns and drivers of social vulnerability to natural hazards in Namibia, which is the most arid sub-Saharan country with large social inequalities. We used a total of 12 indicators that characterized social, economic and demographic settings of the 14 districts in the country. Further, we evaluated the countrywide pattern of most relevant natural hazards, including wildfires, floods and drought. We identified the main factors driving social vulnerability in the districts, and we evaluated how the socio-economic fitness of populations coincided with the distribution of high-hazard areas. We found that populations with the poorest socio-economic performance were mostly distributed in the country’s northern districts, which are also exposed to the highest frequency and severity of natural hazards, particularly to floods and wildfires. This coincidence of highly sensitive populations with high exposure to hazards renders these populations particularly vulnerable. That the frequency of natural hazards increases with climate change, and implementation of programs enhancing the social resilience is insufficient, underscores the urgency of actions targeted at the priority areas identified herein.
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Sumaila, Ussif Rashid. « Fish as Vehicle for Economic Development in Namibia ». Forum for Development Studies 27, no 2 (novembre 2000) : 295–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08039410.2000.9666143.
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Weigend, Guido G. « Economic Activity Patterns in White Namibia ». Geographical Review 75, no 4 (octobre 1985) : 462. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/214413.
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Baporikar, Neeta. « Infrastructure Development as a Catalyst for Social-Economic Advancement ». International Journal of System Dynamics Applications 5, no 4 (octobre 2016) : 101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsda.2016100106.
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Government identifies scaling-up investment in infrastructure as one of the key enablers to achieve its development objectives - these include achieving high and sustained growth levels to reduce poverty, income inequality and high unemployment. The specific areas where infrastructure development is required include transport (road, rail, maritime and aviation), electricity, water, housing and ICT. This paper explores how infrastructure development acts as a catalyst for social-economic advancement with focus on Namibia. The paper will review the state of infrastructure in Namibia in relation to existing financing and regulatory environment and in particular delves into the understanding of and the need for systems approach to infrastructure development to ensure that the catalyst effect on social-economic development take place. The last part is the conclusion.
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Hamatwi, Ndapanda Joanna, et Krishna Kistan Govender. « Exploring Air Namibia’s Operational Efficiency : The Interface Between Strategy and the Six Pillars of the Organisation ». December 2020, no 9(5) (30 décembre 2020) : 1238–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-80.
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This study aimed to determine the interface between strategy and the six pillars, namely, structure, people, systems, processes, technology and innovation, in order to establish key factors contributing to the operational challenges being faced by Air Namibia. A qualitative study was conducted among a purposive sample of executives at Air Namibia using an exploratory design. The data was analysed using the thematic method. Exacerbated by the grounding of aircrafts due to the Covid-19 pandemic, Air Namibia’s strategy, resources, processes and systems contributed its operational inefficiency. The leadership of airlines in general and Air Namibia in particular, need to be fully cognizant of the importance of strategic planning and developing structures, systems and processes which will mitigate any micro and macro-economic disruptions on business operations. Since there is no ‘one-size-fits-all’ approach to crisis management, airline boards, executives and managers should consider their unique position and needs in strategizing how to survive and grow following a macro-economic.
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Aring, Mascha, Ole Reichardt, Ewaldine Menjono Katjizeu, Brendan Luyanda et Carolin Hulke. « Collective Capacity to Aspire ? Aspirations and Livelihood Strategies in the Zambezi Region, Namibia ». European Journal of Development Research 33, no 4 (21 mai 2021) : 933–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41287-021-00412-1.
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AbstractThis paper investigates rural development from a micro-level standpoint, focusing on individual and collective aspirations. We aim to deepen understanding of how a person’s socio-economic environment shapes their aspirations and simultaneously how aspirations contribute to future-oriented actions. In combining concepts of sustainable livelihoods and aspirations with a context of ‘ordinary uncertainties’ (Pine, Ordinary uncertainties: remembering the past and imagining the future at times of rupture and mobility. In: Paper presented at the conference “Rurality and Future-Making. Comparative Perspectives from Europe, the Middle East, and the Mediterranean”, 22–24 May, Cologne, Germany, 2019), we discuss the role of individual and collective aspirations in developing livelihood strategies. Drawing on qualitative data from field research in Namibia’s Zambezi region, we identify crucial factors that influence aspirations: multiple uncertainties, experiences, and role models. Access to diverse experiences and social exchange shapes future-oriented aspirations, and therefore needs to be included in rural development strategies that account for diversity within communities.
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Baporikar, Neeta, et Rosalia Fotolela. « Socio-Cultural Facets for Sustainable Entrepreneurship Development ». International Journal of Sustainable Economies Management 9, no 4 (octobre 2020) : 46–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsem.2020100103.
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Entrepreneurship and development of entrepreneurship have been the focus of all economies, but more so of emerging economies. However, there are many barriers including social and cultural aspects in entrepreneurship development. This has resulted in entrepreneurship's mono-dimensional look. Yet, in reality, a person who deals with the creation of the neo-ideas has social and cultural aspects like family characteristics, customs, community, the rate of participation in society that can aid or be a detriment in becoming successful entrepreneurs leading to sustainable entrepreneurship development. Hence, adopting a qualitative exploratory approach using semi-structured in-depth interviews of 30 SME owner-managers of Namibia, the aim of this study is to understand the role of social and cultural facets for sustainable entrepreneurship development. Findings show that social factors in entrepreneurship emerged and grabs the benefits of new concepts to make progress where social justice has raised barriers, and the cultural factors influence entrepreneurs and social behaviors of practice.
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Knutsen, Hege M. « Black entrepreneurs, local embeddedness and regional economic development in Northern Namibia ». Journal of Modern African Studies 41, no 4 (décembre 2003) : 555–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x03004385.
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The article addresses possibilities and barriers to economic activity and development in the Oshana region of Northern Namibia. The focus is on the role of local embeddedness of economic activities in attaining economic development. A network perspective, based on theories of value chains that are embedded both in social relations and spatially, is selected as the analytical framework. The value chains of local black entrepreneurs in the study area are short. Moreover, the analysis reveals that social obligations may impede economic development, but that such practices are diminishing. The economic dominance and competition from South Africa is the main impediment to economic development in Northern Namibia. Local political embeddedness is shallow and political measures have not significantly reduced the implications of this dominance.
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Baporikar, Neeta. « Strategic Approach to Tourism Development in Namibia ». International Journal of Sustainable Economies Management 5, no 3 (juillet 2016) : 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsem.2016070101.
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Tourism is a powerful vehicle for economic growth and job creation is now a recognized phenomenon worldwide. International tourist arrivals to SSA have been on increase. This makes SSA the second fastest growing region in the world after the Asia Pacific (UNWTO 2010). The importance of the tourism system for economic development in Namibia has also been clearly acknowledged in the development policies and plans. Despite this, there are few comprehensive studies and research whatever has been sprinkled with narrow focus. This creates difficulty in holistic understanding apart from the need for strategic approach for tourism development in Namibia. In the context of such precincts and lack of comprehensive research, strategic management of tourism and thereby its development to the fullest potential is challenging. This paper through in depth literature review and grounded theory with contextual analysis aims to fill that gap.
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Baporikar, Neeta. « Perceptions re Community-Based Projects for Economic and Societal Development ». International Journal of Applied Behavioral Economics 8, no 4 (octobre 2019) : 35–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijabe.2019100103.
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Perceptions and expectations are integral aspects which affect people's decision making to support community-based development programs. Few studies have explored the perceptions-behaviour relationship and more so the stakeholders' perceptions towards the sustainability of community-based agricultural projects especially aquaculture. An understanding of perceptions for different stakeholder groups in community-based projects can clear misconceptions, and identify factors that can unleash the full potential of the community-based projects, so as to achieve sustainable societal development. In Namibia, four out of six community-based fish farm projects have failed. Hence, there is a need to explore stakeholder perceptions for improvement. Adopting a qualitative research method with interview guide to collect primary data, the aim of the article is to understand the status quo, re-define stakeholders' roles, expectations, and perceptions about consultation, participation, empowerment, ownership, etc., of community-based aquaculture project improvement and sustainability in Namibia.
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Eita, Joel Hinaunye. « Modelling Macroeconomic Determinants Of Stock Market Prices : Evidence From Namibia ». Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 28, no 5 (21 août 2012) : 871. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v28i5.7230.
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<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span><p style="margin: 0in 0.5in 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-pagination: none;" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">This paper investigates the macroeconomic determinants of stock market prices in Namibia. The investigation was conducted using a VECM econometric methodology and revealed that Namibian stock market prices are chiefly determined by economic activity, interest rates, inflation, money supply and exchange rates.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>An increase in economic activity and the money supply increases stock market prices, while increases in inflation and interest rates decrease stock prices.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The results suggest that equities are not a hedge against inflation in Namibia, and contractionary monetary policy generally depresses stock prices.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Increasing economic activity promotes stock market price development.</span></span></p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span>
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Humavindu, Michael N. « Estimating national economic parameters for Namibia using the shadow pricing approach ». Development Southern Africa 30, no 2 (juin 2013) : 211–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0376835x.2013.801193.
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Jourdan, Paul. « The mineral economies of the SADCC : Namibia ». Minerals & ; Energy - Raw Materials Report 7, no 1 (janvier 1990) : 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14041049009409940.
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Carver, Rosanna. « Lessons for blue degrowth from Namibia’s emerging blue economy ». Sustainability Science 15, no 1 (23 décembre 2019) : 131–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11625-019-00754-0.
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AbstractGlobally there has been recognition that there is little consensus attributed to the definition of the blue economy. However, despite this acknowledgement, the blue economy is championed for its development potential by the African Union and subsequently, several African states. Having formalised the agenda in its fifth National Development Plan Namibia is working to implement a governance and management framework to “sustainably maximise benefits from marine resources” by 2020 (Republic of Namibia in Namibia’s 5th National Development Plan (NDP5) 2017). Concurrently, new entrants, such as marine mineral mining projects, have emerged in recognition of the potential offered within the state’s Exclusive Economic Zone. This article argues that the uptake of the blue economy is shaped by multiple, and often conflicting, interests. The emergence of the agenda is not apolitical, nor has it been established in isolation from exogenous actors and interests. Subsequently, this article suggests that the critique of the emerging blue economy should be applied to discussions of a blue degrowth movement, to avoid transposing a new agenda over another. As demonstrated with reference to Namibia, contextual and historical issues need to be recognised by degrowth discussions, and their inherent and continued structural effects analysed. This is of particular importance when considering whose voices are represented or excluded by such agendas, complicated by the (geo)physical characteristics of the marine sphere.
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Namhindo, Eben-Eser Ndaamenwa, Fanghua Mei, Rui Cao, Shenghai Lai, Yufan Dai, Hong Lai, Meng Zhu, Huimin Fu, Huang Huang et Jun Wang. « PrEP : AIDS-Free Hope in Namibia ? » International Journal of Biology 10, no 1 (21 décembre 2017) : 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijb.v10n1p13.
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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus that causes infections and over time leads to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). HIV causes a loss of immune function in human and subsequent development of opportunistic infections. Namibia, one important country in West Africa, has been suffering HIV/AIDS incidence over years. Among people between 15 to 49 years old, the national HIV prevalence rate is more than 10%, which causes huge health and economic loss. Recently, Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has been approved in Namibia for better prevention of HIV/AIDS. In this paper, we will review the current epidemic condition of HIV and the role played by PrEP in Namibia.
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Manyeruke, Charity, et Lawrence Mhandara. « Reflecting on Namibia’s Position in the European Union (EU)-Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) Negotiations and the Lessons for Africa ». Journal of Public Administration and Governance 2, no 4 (20 novembre 2012) : 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v2i4.2731.
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Negotiations for Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) between European Union (EU) and the African Caribbean and Pacific countries (ACP) have been on the spotlight since 2002. The negotiations seek to replace the Lome Conventions which provided for a one way non-reciprocal trading regime between the EU and the ACP countries. The paper examines the position of Namibia in relation to EPAs and the lessons that Africa can derive from Namibia’s stance. Namibia which is negotiating under the Southern African Development Community (SADC) has declined to sign the Interim Partnership Agreements, besides initialing them in 2007, arguing that EPAs are not consistent with the objective of advancing African economies into competitive outfits in the global economy. Some of the sticking issues that need to be addressed concern EU’s demand for trade liberalization and a near elimination of import duty on all EU products to ACP zone. The paper argues that the major lessons for Africa are that EPA negotiations are much a political activity in as much as they involve the advancement of collective national interest by the EU. The paper therefore implores African countries to safeguard both political and economic interest in the process in the same manner as their EU counterparts are doing. Again, the paper exhorts Africa to negotiate from a position of strength and refuse to give in to unfair trade terms given the evident competition that is looming between the West and the East to partner Africa in development matters.
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Woltersdorf, L., A. Jokisch et T. Kluge. « Benefits of rainwater harvesting for gardening and implications for future policy in Namibia ». Water Policy 16, no 1 (14 octobre 2013) : 124–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2013.061.
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Rainwater harvesting to irrigate small-scale gardens enhances food self-sufficiency to overcome rural poverty. So far rainwater harvesting is not encouraged by the Namibian National Water Supply and Sanitation Policy nor supported financially by the Namibian government. This study proposes two rainwater harvesting facilities to irrigate gardens; one collects rain from household roofs with tank storage, the second collects rain on a pond roof with pond storage. The aim of this paper is to assess the benefits of rainwater harvesting-based gardening and to propose policy and financing implications for the Namibian government. We investigate the benefits of rainwater harvesting through a literature review, a cost–benefit analysis, monitoring of project pilot plants and a comparison with the existing irrigation and drinking water infrastructure. The results indicate that rainwater harvesting offers numerous benefits in technological, economic, environmental and social terms. The facilities have a positive net present value under favourable circumstances. However, material investment costs pose a financing problem. We recommend that government fund the rainwater harvesting infrastructure and finance privately garden and operation and maintenance costs. Integrating these aspects into a national rainwater harvesting policy would create the conditions to achieve the benefits of an up-scale of rainwater harvesting based gardening in Namibia.
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Sindano, Abel N., et Esau Kaakunga. « The direction of possible causal relationship between financial development and economic growth in Namibia ». Journal of Economic and Financial Sciences 4, no 2 (31 octobre 2011) : 351–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jef.v4i2.325.
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The study investigates the causal relationship between financial development and economic growth in Namibia. In order to test for the existence of long-run relationships between the variables, the study employs a cointegration and vector error correction model (VECM) technique. The Granger causality test was applied to the variables to test for the direction of causation between variables. The results show that there is a stable long-run relationship between financial development and economic growth. The Granger causality test indicates that the causality runs from economic growth to financial development. The results suggest that the real sector of the economy should be developed further in order to stimulate further development in the economy through policy interventions like industrial development to diversify the economic base, enhance the performance of small and medium enterprises, and improve the performance of the tourism sector, which has great potential for promoting growth.
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Ngwane, Trevor, et Patrick Bond. « South Africa’s Shrinking Sovereignty : Economic Crises, Ecological Damage, Sub-Imperialism and Social Resistances ». Vestnik RUDN. International Relations 20, no 1 (15 décembre 2020) : 67–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-0660-2020-20-1-67-83.
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The development of contemporary South Africa political economy occurred within the context of a global capitalist order characterized by increasingly unequal political and economic relations between and within countries. Before liberation in 1994, many people across the world actively supported the struggle against apartheid, with South Africa’s neighbouring states paying the highest price. The ‘sovereignty’ of the apartheid state was challenged by three processes: first, economic, cultural and sporting sanctions called for by Nelson Mandela’s African National Congress and other liberation movements, which from the 1960s-80s were increasingly effective in forcing change; second, solidaristic foreign governments including Sweden’s and the USSR’s provided material support to overthrowing the Pretoria Regime; and third, military defeat in Angola and the liberation of neighbouring Mozambique (1975), Zimbabwe (1980) and Namibia (1990) signalled the inevitability of change. But that state nevertheless maintained sufficient strength - e.g. defaulting on foreign debt and imposing exchange controls in 1985 - to ensure a transition to democracy that was largely determined by local forces. Since 1994, the shrinkage of sovereignty means the foreign influences of global capitalism amplify local socio-economic contradictions in a manner destructive to the vast majority of citizens. This is evident when considering economic, ecological, geopolitical and societal considerations.
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Baporikar, Neeta. « Cooperative Model as Organizational Mechanism for Poverty Reduction and Economic Development ». International Journal of Applied Management Theory and Research 3, no 2 (juillet 2021) : 48–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijamtr.2021070105.
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Poverty reduction and economic development are the focus of both developed and developing countries. Internationally, cooperatives make an immense contribution to poverty reduction and economic development. However, in Namibia, agricultural cooperatives have not done much in this regard. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to identify and analyze the elements of the agricultural cooperative model as an organizational mechanism for poverty reduction and economic development. Adopting a qualitative approach with a cross-section case method as a research design, the study intends to address the research question: What are the strategies that can be implemented based on the best practices and elements of the cooperative advantage in the agricultural cooperative model as an organizational mechanism for poverty reduction for economic development? Findings reveal that cooperatives still face numerous challenges and recommendations include government and other stakeholders' support mechanisms for the provision of capital, training, and land acquisition.
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Goncharov, Victor I., C. R. D. Halisi et Yevgeny Tarabrin. « Recommendations : Southern African Development Coordination Conference and African Security ». Issue : A Journal of Opinion 17, no 1 (1988) : 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700500870.
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The overwhelmingly dominant regional power of southern Africa, South Africa, attempts to contain the political, economic, and military interdependence of neighboring states, irrespective of ideological preference. The Southern African Development Coordination Conference (SADCC) founded in 1980, is the response of the other states in the region to South Africa’s ambitions to maintain regional hegemony. Its nine member state are Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe, and an independent Namibia is expected to join. The specific objectives of SADCC, as stated in the 1980 Lusaka Declaration, are the reduction of economic dependence in general (not only on South Africa); the forging of links to create a genuinely meaningful and equitable system of regional integration; the mobilization of resources to support national, interstate, and regional policies; and concerted action to secure international cooperation for the purpose of economic liberation.
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Hirooka, Yoshihiro, Tadayoshi Masuda, Yoshinori Watanabe, Yasuhiro Izumi, Hiroyuki Inai, Simon Awala et Morio Iijima. « Agronomic and socio-economic assessment of the introduction of a rice-based mixed cropping system to the Cuvelai seasonal wetland system in northern Namibia ». Agrekon 60, no 2 (3 avril 2021) : 145–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03031853.2021.1917429.
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Togarepi, Cecil, Benisiu Thomas et Namutenya Hilka Mika. « Why Goat Farming in Northern Communal Areas of Namibia Is not Commercialised : The Case of Ogongo Constituency ». Journal of Sustainable Development 11, no 6 (29 novembre 2018) : 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v11n6p236.
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In Namibia, goat products are not found in the formal markets include retail shops. This is despite several attempts by the government of Namibia to promote goat products in the formal sector. At household level however, goat meat is a delicacy. This study therefore seeks to provide possible reasons for the unavailability of goat products in Northern Namibia focussing on the supply side of the goat market. A structured survey questionnaire was employed among 75 goat farmers in Ogongo Constituency, Omusati Region in North Central Namibia. The data sought included production, offtake and marketing of goats as well as challenges faced. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data and multiple linear regression was employed to determine the factors influencing offtake rate. The offtake rate (percent of goats sold) was estimated as 2.8% from the data, which is very low. The offtake rate was significantly influenced by age of the head of household (p<0.01), education level of the household head (p<0.01) and marital status (p<0.01). On the other hand, goat production was affected by other challenges such as unavailability of marketing infrastructure, diseases, grazing shortages, and frequent droughts. The implications of these findings on policy include provision of incentives to farmers to sale as well as providing marketing infrastructure. Thus the study recommends the sensitization of communal farmers on economic potential of selling goats to alleviate poverty and to improve livelihoods through income generation.
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Ngololo Kamara, Elizabeth, Choshi Kasanda et Gert Van Rooy. « Provision of Integrated Early Childhood Development in Namibia : Are We on the Right Track ? » Education Sciences 8, no 3 (7 août 2018) : 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci8030117.
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The provision of Integrated Early Childhood Development (IECD) positively impacts children’s futures physically, cognitively, emotionally and socially. The assessment sought to inform intervention programs to improve the status of children’s physical, social-emotional, cognitive and educational needs, as well as their health and nutritional needs. A mixed method approach was used to collect data: a survey and multiple case studies through interviews with 32 caregivers were conducted and focus group discussions were held with community members. The findings show that the Early Childhood Development (ECD) centers lacked the essential prerequisites for the provision of quality IECD education as per the requirements stipulated in the Adapted Theory of Change (ATC). The study recommends formation of smart partnerships in providing integrated childhood development services at ECD centers to meet their health, sanitation, nutritional, physical, socio-emotional and cognitive needs.
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Chifamba, Ronald T., et Ojijo Odhiambo. « An Analysis of the Potential of Manufacturing and Services Sectors as Drivers of Economic Growth and Development in Namibia ». Business and Management Studies 1, no 2 (19 août 2015) : 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/bms.v1i2.1046.
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The purpose of this paper is to analyse the potential of the manufacturing and services sectors as drivers of economic growth in Namibia. The paper uses the intersectoral linkage analysis method to identify the industries with the greatest backward and forward linkages. The economy-wide impact of these industries is simulated further using a CGE model. The greatest backward linkages for manufacturing industries were found in meat processing, fish processing, grain milling, basic metals and construction. The greatest backward linkages for the tertiary industries were found in trade and repairs, hotels and restaurants, finance and insurance, and other private services. The greatest forward linkages for manufacturing industries were found in paper and printing, chemicals and rubber, fabricated metals and machinery, and electricity generation and distribution. The greatest forward linkages for tertiary industries were found in transport, communication, finance and insurance, and market real estate and business services. These, therefore, are the sectors that policies could target as they have greatest impact and could enable Namibia to achieve higher levels of growth. Further, simulation results are obtained from a CGE model by introducing direct exogenous increases in the output of the perceived key industries and examining the economy-wide feedback effects.
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Khumalo, Prudence. « Governance and Local Economic Development in Three Southern African Countries : Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe ». Alternation : Interdisciplinary Journal for the Study of the Arts and Humanities in Southern Africa 25, no 1 (1 décembre 2018) : 68–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.29086/2519-5476/2018/v25n1a4.
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Wallace, Marion, et Jan-Bart Gewald. « "We Thought We Would Be Free" : Socio-Cultural Aspects of Herero History in Namibia, 1915-1940 ». Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue Canadienne des Études Africaines 36, no 2 (2002) : 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4107217.
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Dobrowolski, Zbysław, et Tomasz Szejner. « Public Ethnocentrism. An Obstacle of Worldwide Economic Development : Concept and a Preliminary Research ». Journal of Intercultural Management 11, no 1 (1 mars 2019) : 125–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/joim-2019-0006.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract Objective: The phenomenon of ethnocentrism in the public sector has not been well recognized. The study was aimed at initiating an effort to fill the research gap by introducing the concept of “public ethnocentrism” and presenting empirical evidence from a preliminary test of the concept. Methodology: while analysing and seeking full contextual understanding of the public ethnocentrism the ethnographic public representative’s observation and open-ended interviews have been chosen. Study of public ethnocentrism in Poland have been supplemented by interviews with 11 representatives of public sector from the USA, Germany, Czech Republic, Austria, Indonesia, Malaysia, Tanzania, Namibia and Mexico. Findings: Studies have shown a scale of willingness to use an ethnocentric attitude when making decisions in a public organization. It was found that public ethnocentrism restricts innovation by disrupting public choice. Value Added: Two new research questions are identified. Recommendations: There is a need to create an Ethnocentrism Perception Index (EPI). The tendency for ethnocentric behaviour should be taken into accounts when determining whether formal and informal institutions are conducive to running a business in a given country.
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Angula, Margaret Ndapewa, Immaculate Mogotsi, Selma Lendelvo, Karl Mutani Aribeb, Aina-Maria Iteta et Jessica P. R. Thorn. « Strengthening Gender Responsiveness of the Green Climate Fund Ecosystem-Based Adaptation Programme in Namibia ». Sustainability 13, no 18 (10 septembre 2021) : 10162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810162.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Scholars of gender and climate change argue that gender-blind climate change actions could exacerbate existing inequalities and undermine sustained climate change adaptation actions. For this reason, since 2017, the Green Climate Fund placed gender among its key programming prerequisites, making it the first multilateral climate fund to do so worldwide. However, to date, no lessons to inform planned gender-responsive ecosystem-based interventions in Namibia have been drawn from community-based natural resource management. Thus, this paper aims to share key lessons regarding the way in which gender assessment is useful in enhancing equity in an ecosystem-based adaptation programme for the Green Climate Fund. To this end, we conducted in-depth interviews and group discussions in the 14 rural regions of Namibia with 151 participants from 107 community-based natural resource management organisations (73.5:26.5; male:female ratio). The results identified gender imbalances in leadership and decision-making due to intersecting historic inequalities, ethnicity and geography, as well as other socio-cultural factors in local community-based natural resource management institutions. We also identified income disparities and unequal opportunities to diversify livelihoods, gendered differentiated impacts of climate change and meaningful participation in public forums. Overall, the assessment indicates that considering gender analysis at the initiation of a community-based climate change adaptation project is crucial for achieving resilience to climate change, closing the gender gap, building capacity to increase equity and empowering women in resource-dependent environments in Namibia and Sub-Saharan Africa more broadly.
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Amukugo, Hans Justus, Karen Jooste et Honoré Kabwebwe Mitonga. « Development of model to facilitate male involvement in the reproductive health context by the registered nurses ». International Journal of Advanced Nursing Studies 4, no 2 (20 septembre 2015) : 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijans.v4i2.5018.
Texte intégralRésumé :
<p>The purpose of this article is to describe the process followed in the development of the model of facilitating male partner involvement in reproductive health (RH) context by the nurses. Namibia is one of the African countries affected by cultural and socio-economic influences that have persuaded gender roles in a way that hinders male-partner involvement in RH context. This phenomenon make difficult for the nurses to facilitate their involvement.</p><p>The research methods were done in four phases. Phase 1 entitled concepts analysis. Phase one was done into two steps namely step1 - concepts identification and step 2 - concepts definition. During concept identification, qualitative, exploratory, descriptive design was followed. The target population included male and female partners attending health facilities and all nurse managers (registered nurses in charge) that provided RH services in the health facility in a northern region in Namibia. Individual interviews and focus were conducted until data saturation occurred. During the research three fundamental principles such as respect person, beneficence and justice were adhered. Tech’s eight steps of descriptive data analysis were used. Three (3) main categories, six (6) categories and twelve (12) subcategories were identified using open coding and conceptualization. The main concepts of the model were identified and classified using a survey list of Dickoff, James, Wiedenba (Dickoff,James, Wiedenbach, 1968; Mckenna, 2006). Phase 2 dealt with the creation of interrelationship statements between concepts identified in step 1. In phase 3 focuses with the description of the model using strategies proposed by (Chinn & Kramer, 1991). In phase 4, the description of guidelines and evaluation for the model was also done. The applied the principle of trustworthiness through developing dependability, credibility, transferability and confirmability in all four phases.</p><p>A model was developed based on a theory generated approach. The model consist of five phase namely, situational analysis in the external environment (community) and internal environment (health facilities); establishment of partnership (male and female partner and Nurses), management process, maintaining the conducive environment and control & terminus/ outcome phase. It was concluded that facilitation of Male involvement in RH care context is needed. Further the recommendations were made to implement a model within the current health care framework in which reproductive health is provided.</p>
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Tvedten, Inge. « U.S. Policy Towards Angola Since 1975 ». Journal of Modern African Studies 30, no 1 (mars 1992) : 31–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00007710.
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It is generally agreed that the battle of Cuito Cuanavale in March 1988 marked the final attempt to secure a military solution to the Angolan conflict. Thereafter, in December 1988, South Africa, Cuba, and Angola signed the so-called ‘New York accord’ that included a timetable for the phased withdrawal of the South Africans and the Cubans from Namibia and Angola, respectively; in June 1989, the Gbadolite agreement initiated African attempts to end the continuing armed struggle in Angola; and in March 1990, Namibia achieved its long-awaited independence. But despite these efforts and developments, the war continued between the Government that had been established in Luanda by the Movimento Popular de Libertacão de Angola (M.P.L.A.) in November 1975 and the União Nacional para a Independência Total de Angola (Unita), with devastating implications for the country's estimated ten million inhabitants. Not before May 1991 was a final peace agreement signed in Portugal, and then with considerably poorer options for political stability and economic recovery than would have been the case after the original accord in New York.
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Mogotsi, Immaculate, Selma Lendelvo, Margaret Angula et Jesaya Nakanyala. « Forest Resource Management and Utilisation through a Gendered Lens in Namibia ». Environment and Natural Resources Research 6, no 4 (11 novembre 2016) : 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/enrr.v6n4p79.
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The shift in forestry policy towards resource management and access rights from state control to local community control has been a welcome step towards sustainable forest management in Namibia. The policy acknowledges the direct dependence on natural environmental resources by the proportional majority of the population that live in the rural areas of Namibia. This study was aimed at performing gender analysis by identifying relationships of various groups to natural resources. The study further assessed the influence these relationships have on control, access and use of forest resources, as well as on natural resource management and the implications thereof on various forest management efforts in the country. Data were collected from seven community forest institutions in Namibia and analysed using the Harvard Gender Analytical Framework. The findings show a gendered differentiated knowledge, control and access to forest resources and unequal participation in leadership and governance. Furthermore, the results suggest that unequal power relations among minority and vulnerable groups affect access to and control of forest resources. This study proposes participation of both men and women in the management, protection, access and utilisation of forest resources, as this will contribute to sustainable forest management and economic development of all members of society.
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Yakubu, Muhammad Maimuna, et Gylych Jelilov. « Effect of Energy Consumption on GDP Evidence from (Ten) Sub-Saharan Africa Countries ». Nile Journal of Business and Economics 3, no 5 (21 avril 2017) : 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.20321/nilejbe.v3i5.87.
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<p>There is no uncertainty that Energy plays a very important part in economic growth and development of any country and increasing access to modernized systems of energy is vital to unlocking rapid economic and social development in sub Saharan Africa. Therefore, this paper has empirically examined the causality between energy and economic growth using a consistent data set and methodology for 10 sub-Saharan Africa countries for the period 1990-2012. By applying Augmented Dickey Fuller, co-integration and causality tests the study finds causality running from GDP to energy consumption in Nigeria, in Ghana causality runs from energy consumption to GDP, for Namibia causality runs from GDP to energy consumption but not vice versa and for Cote d’ivore causality runs from gross capital formation to GDP. And no evidence of causality found in Togo, Cameroon, Botswana, Ethiopia, South Africa and Benin.</p>
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Sibindi, Athenia Bongani. « Insurance market development : An empirical study of African countries ». Risk Governance and Control : Financial Markets and Institutions 5, no 4 (2015) : 319–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rgcv5i4c2art6.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The insurance industry plays a very crucial role in an economy by fostering intermediation and by its mechanism of risk bearing. As such it could be argued that the insurance industry fosters economic growth. In this article we analyse the global insurance market development trends, particularly focusing on Africa. Our sample comprise of the 10 African countries namely—South Africa, Angola, Nigeria, Kenya, Mauritius, Namibia, Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco and Egypt. We employ three insurance market development metrics namely; premium volumes, insurance density and insurance penetrations ratios to establish trends in the level of development of global insurance markets. Our results document that the African countries (excluding South Africa) have the least developed insurance markets. For most of the countries in our sample, the non-life insurance industry dominates the life-insurance industry. As such, it is imperative that their respective governments put in place measures that will grow their economies in order to stimulate the development of insurance markets in Africa.
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Merven, Bruno, Alison Hughes et Stephen Davis. « An analysis of energy consumption for a selection of countries in the Southern African Development Community ». Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 21, no 1 (1 février 2010) : 11–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2010/v21i1a3246.
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This paper examines the energy consumption, supply and resources of some of the countries in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) in 2005, the base year for this analysis. The region is rich in energy resources and currently enjoys relatively stable and affordable electricity. Except in the case of Botswana, Mauritius, Namibia and South Africa, final energy demand is dominated by the residential sector in the form of biomass. Energy consumption or final energy demand in Angola, Botswana, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe is projected to 2030 using a Long Range Energy Alternatives Plan-ning (LEAP) model in a ‘business as usual’ scenario, the other countries being left out because of poor quality data. The projections are carried out by relating historic sectoral GDP and population growth in each country to energy demand and then using the historical link and the projections of these drivers to project energy demand. The analysis under this ‘business as usual’ scenario seems to indicate that we can expect to see a large increase in consumption in these countries, especially in the form of biomass and electricity. In both cases, supply is a concern. Having established what the present resources are; what some of the supply elements are currently in place; what the base-year demand is; and some basic relationships between demand and socio-economic drivers, this paper sets the stage for further studies that include the future energy supply; regional trade; and scenario analysis using indicators of sustainable development for the region. However, further analysis of the regional energy system, is only valuable if it is supported by good data. A reliable energy balance is needed for the countries not modelled here, and in the case of the modelled countries, better data is also needed, especially in the use biomass.
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Lapeyre, Renaud. « Revenue Sharing in Community–Private Sector Lodges in Namibia : A Bargaining Model ». Tourism Economics 15, no 3 (septembre 2009) : 653–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000009789036585.
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Taking tourism in Namibian rural areas as an empirical case study, this paper analyses the main factors that explain the economic outcome in a negotiation process in which local communities and private operators bargain over the distribution of income generated through a partnership lodge. While much research has focused on the required preconditions (especially property rights) and efficiency effects of tourism partnerships, a Nash bargaining model allows us to assess the distributive effects of such contracts. In particular, variables such as insecure community land tenure, and the resulting reduced value of land, the remoteness of lodges and the community's impatience and attitude towards risk could explain why rural communities have not so far captured the lion's share from tourism activities in communal lands. Finally, the paper shows that future research will be needed to complete the model in order to provide an account of the contractual problems that limit the efficiency of tourism partnerships in rural areas – transaction costs and underinvestment.
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Rodrigues, Cristina Udelsmann. « Angola's southern border : entrepreneurship opportunities and the state in Cunene ». Journal of Modern African Studies 48, no 3 (18 août 2010) : 461–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x10000339.
Texte intégralRésumé :
ABSTRACTSanta Clara, on Angola's southern border with Namibia, is now a very dynamic urban hub, both economically and socially. It stands out in the remote province of Cunene, recording greater growth in the last five years than the provincial capital, Ondjiva. Its recent transformation into a thriving trading centre was mostly due to massive migration and an intensification of trade between Angola and Namibia at the beginning of this century, although the region's history in the last hundred years is a very different one. While local traders and entrepreneurs have developed their own strategies within this context, national and local administrative structures of the recently pacified country are trying to regulate trading and settlement. These forces in action produce both more sustainable and organised urban growth and at the same time influence social and economic development in the region. The main boom seems to be over, due to relatively successful regulation, which makes the region less attractive to business activity. Traders and entrepreneurs operating locally now have to find new strategies and opportunities. This article, based on empirical research and combined surveys, conducts an analysis of these dynamics and contributes to an understanding of regulation impacts, the way in which local traders cope with them, and the strategies they have developed.
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Świerczyńska, Katarzyna. « Structural transformation and economic development in the best performing sub-Saharan African states ». Equilibrium 12, no 4 (31 décembre 2017) : 547–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/eq.v12i4.29.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Research background: Economic development in sub-Saharan Africa is of paramount importance, yet it escapes most of the attempts to understand it better in the economic dis-course, and it remains a sensitive issue in politics, contradicting stakeholders at national and international levels. The region still lags behind others in terms of technological advancement and economic development. It has grown significantly in the precedent decade, but the extent of growth has not sufficiently translated to its development. Determining strategies for sub-Saharan Africa is a scientific challenge, which requires more attention. In the globalized, interconnected reality, solving problems of the South is in the best interest of the North.
Purpose of the article: The aim of this research is to analyze structural changes as factors of economic development in the best performing sub-Saharan African countries on the grounds of new structural economics in order to provide policy implications. Methods: Namibia, Botswana, South Africa and Gabon were selected as best performing economies in the region. Based on the literature review and the analysis of descriptive statis-tics, profiles of sample countries were set. This in turn allowed to determine the potential explanatory variables for OLS model of economic development. In the model, factors relating to labour productivity, technology and structural change were included. The data was sourced from WDI (World Development Indicators) database, Gretl software was used for computations.
Findings & Value added: This paper contributes to the literature by attempting to explain structural changes in the process of economic development in the sub-Saharan region on the sample of best performing states. The paradigm of new structural economics provided theo-retical grounds for empirical analysis. Based on the results, policy implications were proposed with respect to technology promotion, natural resources management, and quality of institutions. The research was limited by data availability and reliability.
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Abegunrin, Layi. « Southern African Development Coordination Conference (SADCC) : Towards Regional Integration of Southern Africa for Liberation ». A Current Bibliography on African Affairs 17, no 4 (1 juin 1985) : 363–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001132558501700405.
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Southern Africa has become a battleground between two ideologically and fundamentally opposed constellation of states, Pretoria and Lusaka constellations. The conflict between the two basically concerns the domestic racial policies and the future of South Africa. The Pretoria constellation was launched on July 22, 1980, and is led by P. W. Botha, the South Africa's Prime Minister. The Botha's axis is a designed strategy which essentially aims at using South Africa's economic power and wealth to manipulate its neighboring nine black ruled states; and to exert subtle pressure to ensure that they cohere with the white minority regime of South Africa. This ambition of the Pretoria constellation is a vital part of the total strategy of survival of the Botha government. This particularly involves the use of the economy as an instrument of maintaining ultimate political power and control based on the maintenance of the basic structures of apartheid. This has in turn motivated South Africa's opposition to the policies of economic and political liberation of the Southern African Development Coordination Conference (SADCC) states. The second, the Lusaka constellation and also known as the “Southern Nine” was launched on April 1, 1980. It consists of the nine Southern African States of Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The declared aim of the Southern Nine is to form an alliance which would pursue an economic strategy that would reduce or eliminate their economic dependence on South Africa. To this end, the Southern Nine and the South African-occupied territory of Namibia unanimously adopted a Programme of Action aimed at stimulating inter-state trade with the ultimate objective of economic independence from South Africa.
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Lindsey, P. A., C. P. Havemann, R. M. Lines, A. E. Price, T. A. Retief, T. Rhebergen, C. Van der Waal et S. S. Romañach. « Benefits of wildlife-based land uses on private lands in Namibia and limitations affecting their development ». Oryx 47, no 1 (janvier 2013) : 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605311001049.
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AbstractLegislative changes during the 1960s–1970s granted user rights over wildlife to landowners in southern Africa, resulting in a shift from livestock farming to wildlife-based land uses. Few comprehensive assessments of such land uses on private land in southern Africa have been conducted and the associated benefits are not always acknowledged by politicians. Nonetheless, wildlife-based land uses are growing in prevalence on private land. In Namibia wildlife-based land use occurs over c. 287,000 km2. Employment is positively related to income from ecotourism and negatively related to income from livestock. While 87% of meat from livestock is exported ≥ 95% of venison from wildlife-based land uses remains within the country, contributing to food security. Wildlife populations are increasing with expansion of wildlife-based land uses, and private farms contain 21–33 times more wildlife than in protected areas. Because of the popularity of wildlife-based land uses among younger farmers, increasing tourist arrivals and projected impacts of climate change on livestock production, the economic output of wildlife-based land uses will probably soon exceed that of livestock. However, existing policies favour livestock production and are prejudiced against wildlife-based land uses by prohibiting reintroductions of buffalo Syncerus caffer, a key species for tourism and safari hunting, and through subsidies that artificially inflate the profitability of livestock production. Returns from wildlife-based land uses are also limited by the failure to reintroduce other charismatic species, failure to develop fully-integrated conservancies and to integrate black farmers sufficiently.
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Gray, Tim, Judith Kinnaird, Justin Laberge et Alejandro Caballero. « Uraniferous Leucogranites in the Rössing Area, Namibia : New Insights from Geologic Mapping and Airborne Hyperspectral Imagery ». Economic Geology 116, no 6 (1 septembre 2021) : 1409–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/econgeo.4828.
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Abstract This study combines historical exploration data with new mapping, underpinned by airborne hyperspectral imagery, to provide a detailed camp-scale geologic view of the Rössing uranium mine area in the Damara orogen, Namibia. The Neoproterozoic Damaran metasedimentary host rocks to uranium deposits of the Rössing area structurally overlie Paleoproterozoic basement rock. Both units were subjected to polyphase deformation and upper amphibolite to lower granulite facies metamorphism during Pan-African orogenesis. The sequence was voluminously intruded by leucogranites, where younger phases may contain ore-grade uranium as magmatic uraninite and traces of betafite, together with secondary uranium minerals. Early, postdepositional modifications to the Damaran sequence included partial dolomitization of marble units and development of evaporite dissolution and diapiric breccias. Major pre-D3 extensional structures developed in conjunction with recumbent, isoclinal folding and acted to focus the intrusion of early, mostly barren leucogranites generated primarily through anatexis of Damaran metasediments. Syn-D4 leucogranites overprint complex interference fold geometries that resulted from D3 deformation. D4 leucogranites were emplaced under predominantly ductile, transtensional conditions, into NNE-trending zones oriented highly oblique to all preexisting structures. These steeply dipping zones provided the prerequisite conditions for partial melt material to be derived from uraniferous basement lithologies. The concentration of magmatic uranium was promoted where leucogranite melt material interacted with carbonates and sulfide-bearing Damaran metasedimentary units. In the Rössing area these horizons occur at the Khan-Rössing Formation contact zone for the SJ, SK, SH, Z20, and Husab deposits and within and above the Arandis Formation for the Z19 deposit leucogranites.
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Nikodemus, Andreas, et Miroslav Hájek. « Namibia’s National Forest Policy on Rural Development – A Case Study of Uukolonkadhi Community Forest ». Agricultura Tropica et Subtropica 48, no 1-2 (1 juin 2015) : 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ats-2015-0002.
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AbstractForest resources still play a major role in sustaining livelihoods in rural communities, most especially in developing countries. Namibia’s community forests have much potential to combat rural poverty and contribute to rural development. Keeping the balance between the two chief objectives of the national forest policy; conservation and socio-economic development is of vital importance in combating both deforestation and rural poverty. Thus, this study primarily aimed to investigate the influence of Namibia’s national forest policy on forest resources contribution in rural development from 2009-2013. Forestry and environmental experts and local residents were interviewed. The results show that the lack of full governmental involvement in the management of community forests resources, low, erratic and irregular rainfall are the main challenges community forestry economy is facing. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats analysis indicates that good institutional arrangement of community forestry and active community participatory are some of the pillar strengths of the community forestry programme. The study concludes that there are several research gaps such as statistical information of forest conditions and the degree of poverty within rural communities. Motivating and supporting rural community forests management in any possible manners to give a ground to alleviate rural poverty and combat deforestation is the essential next step.
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Humavindu, Michael Nokokure, et Jesper Stage. « Hedonic pricing in Windhoek townships ». Environment and Development Economics 8, no 2 (23 avril 2003) : 391–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x0300202.
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This study applies the hedonic pricing model to property sales in the township areas in Windhoek, the capital city of Namibia, where municipal authorities have pursued a programme of selling plots of land to settlers in order to encourage them into a formalized economic situation. We find that, apart from house quality, access to the central business district, access to marketplaces and access to transportation, environmental quality also has a large impact on property prices. Properties located close to a garbage dump sell at considerable discounts, while properties located close to a combined conservation and recreation area sell at premium prices. The results thus suggest that the hedonic pricing method can be useful for studying townships in developing countries, and that this can help to clarify the importance of environmental factors which are otherwise frequently neglected in town planning for township settlements.
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Moriarty, Patrick, et Clive S. Beed. « Transport in Tropical Africa ». Journal of Modern African Studies 27, no 1 (mars 1989) : 125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00015664.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This short article examines the present land transport situation in tropical Africa, and discusses the severe economic constraints facing continuation of even the present low levels of vehicular activity. In addition, some new approaches to both passengers and freight are suggested in line with existing difficulties.As defined here, tropical Africa includes all the countries in the continent except Morocco, Algeria, Libya, Tunisia, and Egypt, as well as South Africa and Namibia. In 1984, the population was just over 400 million, but is expected to reach about 650 million by the year 2000.1 Overall, the region is characterised by low levels of income per head, a high proportion of the workforce employed in agriculture (over 50 per cent everywhere), and correspondingly low levels of urbanisation. Given the great differences between the region and the industralised countries, it is possinle that transport policies appropriate to the West may not be particularly relevent.
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Ganamotse, Gaofetoge Ntshadi, Mikael Samuelsson, Ruth, M. Abankwah, Tibaingana Anthony et Thuso Mphela. « The Emerging Properties of Business Accelerators : The Case of Botswana, Namibia and Uganda Global Business Labs ». Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Emerging Economies 3, no 1 (janvier 2017) : 16–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2393957516684469.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Entrepreneurship is an engine for economic development worldwide ( Kelley, Singer, & Herrington 2016 ). For developing economies, the importance of entrepreneurship is associated with increased productivity and reduction in the rising unemployment rates, particularly among the youths. Consequently, several models and support programmes have been designed to facilitate successful entrepreneurial activities amongst youth. The article discusses the business acceleration model of the Global Business Labs (GBL) which is replicated in Botswana, Namibia and Uganda based on a Swedish model, between 2012 and 2015 but failed in Mozambique and Zambia. Using a multiple case study method, this article presents the results of a cross-country case analysis of the GBL programme with a view to understand the emergence of a business accelerator. Despite replication of the programme in respect of concepts, materials and operational systems, the cases reveal variations in operational experiences and acceleration performance across the five countries. Using the emergence theory, the article highlights these differences. The major contribution of the study to theory, in determining how business accelerators come into being, includes the duality of intentions and exchange between key stakeholders and the resource burst as a triggering mechanism in developing countries. The study further informs development of a model for successful business acceleration launch and subsequent performance for developing economies.
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Niipare, Anna –Marie, Andries Jordaan et Nguza Siyambango. « Flood Impacts in Oshana Region, Namibia : A Case Study of Cuvelai River Basin ». Journal of Geography and Geology 12, no 1 (30 mars 2020) : 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jgg.v12n1p8.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Floods are among the global natural disasters that are known to have major negative societal effects. The extent of floods can determine the degree of impact to be made. Floods can cause extensive economic losses, consequently affecting livelihoods, businesses, infrastructures and basic services. This study investigated the impact of floods in communities within the Oshana Region in the northern areas of Namibia. Primary and secondary data were collected in efforts to understand the impact of floods, and the causes of vulnerability to such events. Loss of field crops, destruction of houses, destruction of roads and other infrastructure, and loss of human lives were the major flood impacts that have been identified. The study findings revealed that vulnerability to floods is mainly due to lack of resources, poverty, poor infrastructure, limited budget, inactive disaster risk management structures in the region, rapid population change, non-existing Early Warning System (EWS), lack of awareness of the flood impacts, low income, and the fact that many houses are headed by females. In the absence of coping strategies, communities mainly depend on external relief, particularly for temporary shelter and provision of basic needs. It was concluded that the ability of communities and individuals to cope with flood impacts is related to their culture, history, knowledge system, power dynamics and governance. A further conclusion was that, the vulnerability of communities in the Oshana Region resulted in reduced household resilience to flood disasters.
The study recommended a further investigation into other flood prone regions in Namibia. Other notable recommendations included:
• the availing of information on climate variability and best coping strategies in flood prone communities,
• flood hazards awareness,
• developing and implementing mitigation measures for flood disasters,
• development of a policy on the construction of houses in efforts to avoid flood risks,
• and the development of information communication channels for EWS.
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Arpiainen, Riitta-Liisa, et Päivi Tynjälä. « Introducing Team Learning in a Developing Economy : Students’ Experiences of Experiential Entrepreneurship Education in Namibia ». Journal of Enterprising Culture 25, no 02 (juin 2017) : 179–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218495817500078.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Entrepreneurship is considered to be a driving force behind nations’ economic development, and entrepreneurship education’s role is essential in shaping entrepreneurial attitudes, skills and culture. The objective of this study was to investigate students’ experiences of entrepreneurship education in a developing economy, especially as regards learning in and through teams. The research project was conducted in Namibia, where the challenges to breaking out of poverty are huge. Methodologically, the study was based on qualitative thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews (2009–2014) of higher education students ([Formula: see text]) taking part in an action-based, experiential entrepreneurship programme. In the analysis of students’ teamwork experiences, five main themes related to learning in and through teams emerged — the first three relating to individuals, the fourth to the team, and the fifth to wider social relations: (i) psychological safety, (ii) tolerance of uncertainty, (iii) strengthening of self-efficacy, (iv) strengthening of team-efficacy, and (v) understanding of others and other cultures. The outcomes may be utilised in establishing, developing and planning similar entrepreneurship education programmes across different cultural settings in developing economies.