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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Spontaneous crystallization »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 17 mai 2025

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Spontaneous crystallization"

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Kowalak, Stanisł aw, Aldona Jankowska, Ewa Janiszewska et Emilia Frydrych. « Spontaneous crystallization of zincophosphate sodalite and its modifications ». European Journal of Mineralogy 17, no 6 (4 janvier 2006) : 853–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0935-1221/2005/0017-0853.

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Karpov, S. V., I. L. Isaev, V. F. Shabanov, A. P. Gavrilyuk, A. S. Grachev et V. S. Gerasimov. « Spontaneous crystallization of nanocolloids ». Doklady Physics 54, no 2 (février 2009) : 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1028335809020025.

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McBride, J. Michael, et Randall L. Carter. « Spontaneous Resolution by Stirred Crystallization ». Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 30, no 3 (mars 1991) : 293–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.199102931.

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Liu, Shu Jiang, et Yan Fei Zhang. « Spontaneous Crystallization Behavior of Phosphosilicate Glasses ». Advanced Materials Research 183-185 (janvier 2011) : 1626–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.183-185.1626.

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We studied the spontaneous crystallization behavior for 60.5SiO2-2.5Al2O3-3P2O5- 18Na2O-16RMgO-16(1-R)CaO system glasses during cooling of melts through changing the relative content of alkaline-earth oxides. Such compositional variation leads to the formation of different crystalline phases, as well as different degree of crystallization, with the help of X-ray diffraction (XRD), heat capacity (Cp) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It is found that the obtained glasses are opalescent due to formation of orthorhombic NaCaPO4 during cooling when R≤0.5, and the degree of crystallization increases with substituting MgO for CaO. On the other hand, the spontaneous crystallized phases is hexagonal NaCaPO4 for R=0.75 and is Na2MgSiO4 for R=1.0, respectively, and besides, the appearance become transparent.
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Karayiannis, Nikos, Katerina Foteinopoulou et Manuel Laso. « Spontaneous Crystallization in Athermal Polymer Packings ». International Journal of Molecular Sciences 14, no 1 (24 décembre 2012) : 332–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms14010332.

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Sherchenkov, Alexey, Sergey Kozyukhin, Petr Lazarenko, Alexey Babich, Sergey Timoshenkov, Dmitry Gromov, Alexey Yakubov et Dmitry Terekhov. « Influence of Ti Doping on the Properties of Ge-Sb-Te Thin Films for Phase Change Memory ». Solid State Phenomena 247 (mars 2016) : 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.247.30.

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The influence of Ti doping on the resistivity, activation energy of conductivity, energy band gap, Urbach energy, crystallization temperature, heat effect and crystallization kinetic parameters in Ge2Sb2Te5 thin films for phase change memory was investigated. It was shown that introduction of Ti influences on the thermal properties, and kinetics of crystallization process. Results of analyzes showed that Ti doping affects crystallization time, and probability of spontaneous crystallization at room temperature, which must be taken into consideration at designing PCM cells with Ti electrodes.
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Ziach, Krzysztof, et Janusz Jurczak. « Mirror symmetry breaking upon spontaneous crystallization from a dynamic combinatorial library of macrocyclic imines ». Chemical Communications 51, no 20 (2015) : 4306–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cc10083b.

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Castro-Alayo, Efraín M., Llisela Torrejón-Valqui, Marleni Medina-Mendoza, Ilse S. Cayo-Colca et Fiorella P. Cárdenas-Toro. « Kinetics Crystallization and Polymorphism of Cocoa Butter throughout the Spontaneous Fermentation Process ». Foods 11, no 12 (15 juin 2022) : 1769. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11121769.

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The spontaneous fermentation process of Criollo cocoa is studied for its importance in the development of chocolate aroma precursors. This research supports the importance of spontaneous fermentation, which was studied through the crystallization behavior and polymorphisms of cocoa butter (CB), the most abundant component of chocolate that is responsible for its quality physical properties. The k-means technique was used with the CB crystallization kinetics parameters to observe the division of the process during the first stage (day 0–3). The experimental crystallization time was 15.78 min and the second stage (day 4–7) was 17.88 min. The Avrami index (1.2–2.94) showed that the CB crystallizes in the form of a rod/needle/fiber or plate throughout the process. CB produced metastable crystals of polyforms β1′ and β2′. Three days of fermentation are proposed to generate Criollo cocoa beans with acceptable CB crystallization times.
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Bondareva, A. F., M. A. Artemieva, A. B. Kuznetsov, A. A. Ryadun, V. D. Grigorieva, A. D. Fedorenko, V. N. Shlegel et A. E. Musikhin. « Formation of Na2Mo2xW2(1 − x)O7 solid solutions and derived phase diagram ». Журнал структурной химии 65, no 4 (2024) : 124819. http://dx.doi.org/10.26902/jsc_id124819.

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Na2Mo2xW2(1 − x)O7 (x = 0..1 with step 0.1) compositions were obtained by solid-state synthesis and spontaneous crystallization. The sample series were studied by XRD, Raman, DSC and SEM methods. The obtained data indicates formation of solid solutions, with unit cell gradually increasing with increasing tungsten ratio. A refined Na2Mo2O7 - Na2W2O7 phase diagram with unlimited miscibility was constructed. The solidus line was built based on DSC data and the liquidus line was constructed based on spontaneous crystallization experiments data. A luminescence study showed possibility of emission color variation in Na2Mo2xW2(1 − x)O7 solid solutions in dependence from excitation wavelength.
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Guillot, Michael, Joséphine de Meester, Laurent Collard, Olivier Riant et Tom Leyssens. « Co-Crystallization-Induced Spontaneous Deracemization : An Optimization Study ». Organic Process Research & ; Development 25, no 4 (21 février 2021) : 884–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00538.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Spontaneous crystallization"

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Ohira, Yasumasa. « Studies on Spontaneous Crystallization of the Planar Zigzag Form of Syndiotactic Polypropylene and Its Structual Changes ». Kyoto University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/151562.

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Loranca, Cruz Luisa Fernanda. « Towards atomic crystallization in a hollow-core fiber ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025BORD0014.

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Les atomes froids sont des systèmes quantiques versatiles qui permettent l’étude de nombreux phénomènes quantiques grâce à des outils précis et un contrôle avec un haut degré de précision. De nombreuses expériences exploitent ces systèmes pour explorer des phénomènes d’organisation spontanée : des systèmes initialement désordonnés subissant une transition de phase vers un état ordonné sous l’effet des interactions entre leurs constituants. La plupart des études dans ce domaine utilisent des atomes confinés dans des cavités. Cependant, ces cavités imposent des restrictions sur les modes de lumière qui interagissent avec les atomes,prédéterminant ainsi la géométrie du système. Certaines expériences utilisant des cavités annulaires, dépourvues d’onde stationnaire, offrent un degré de liberté supplémentaire.Dans notre expérience, nous visons à aller encore plus loin : L’expérience qu’on a développé et décrite dans cette thèse a pour objectif de provoquer la cristallisation spontanée d’atomes froids en espace libre. En confinant les atomes dans une fibre à cœur creux (HCF), nous nous concentrons sur une seule dimension, considérant que les atomes sont en espace libre dans la direction longitudinale de la fibre. Le cristal d’atomes froids serait formé par des interactions de longue portée induites par la lumière avec laquelle ils, générant simultanément un cristal de lumière qui n’existait pas initialement. Au-delà d’un seuil d’intensité lumineuse, ces interactions biseraient la symétrie de translation du nuage atomique, avec un pas déterminé uniquement par les caractéristiques du nuage et de la lumière et non pas par une onde stationnaire.Ce type d’expérience pourrait contribuer à l’étude des interactions de longue portée, des mécanismes de formation des cristaux et pourrait trouver des applications dans les simulations quantiques ou les capteurs de champs magnétiques.Enfin, un aspect important est que la taille des expériences d’atomes froids reste généralement trop grande pour permettre des mesures en dehors des chambres à vide. Or, dans le cas de capteurs atomiques, les forces mesurées dépendent souvent de l’inverse de la distance par rapport aux champs observés. Il est donc crucial de tendre vers la miniaturisation des expériences d’atomes froids. Bien que d’autres travaux exploitent des HCF, cette expérience est unique en ce qu’elle connecte deux chambres à vide via une HCF, avec pour objectif l’utilisation d’atomes froids comme capteurs de champs magnétiques entre les chambres. Cela constitue une avancée vers des dispositifs plus compacts pour les expériences d’atomes froids.Ce projet a débuté avec mon doctorat. Dans ma thèse, je présente le développement et la construction de cette nouvelle expérience, ainsi que les premiers résultats concernant la source d’atomes froids, le chargement d’atomes dans la fibre à cœur creux, et une brève introduction aux phénomènes d’organisation spontanée
Cold atoms are versatile quantum systems that enable the study of numerous quantum phenomena through precise tools and a high degree of control. Many experiments use these systems to explore spontaneous organization phenomena : systems that are initially disordered undergoing a phase transition to an ordered state due to interactions between their constituents. Most studies in this field rely on atoms confined in cavities. However, such cavities impose the light modes interacting with the atoms by their boundary conditions,there by predetermining the final geometry the system. Some experiments using ring cavities,which lack standing waves, offer an additional degree of freedom. In our experiment, we aim to go even further: the experiment we developed and describe in this thesis aims to induce the spontaneous crystallization of cold atoms in free space. Since the atoms are not in a cavity, they are considered as in free space, even if they are radially confined within the fiber’s core. The quasi 1D geometry increases the light-atom interaction, needed to implement the long range interatomic forces required to trigger the phase transition towards a crystal structure The cold atom crystal would be formed by long-range interactions induced by the light interacting with the atoms, simultaneously generating a light crystal with an associated superradiant pulse, that did not initially exist. Beyond a certain intensity threshold, these interactions would break the translational symmetry of the atomic cloud, with a spacing determined only by the characteristics of the cloud and the light, rather than by a standing wave.This type of experiment could contribute to the study of long-range interactions, the mechanisms of crystal formation, and could find applications in quantum simulations or magnetic field sensors. Finally, an important aspect is that the size of cold atom experiments generally remains too large to enable measurements outside vacuum chambers. In the case of atomic sensors,the measured forces often depend on the inverse of the distance from the observed fields. It is therefore crucial to work towards the miniaturization of cold atom experiments. Although other studies exploit HCFs, this experiment is unique in that it connects two vacuum chambersvia an HCF, with the goal of using cold atoms as magnetic field sensors between the chambers.This represents a step towards more compact devices for cold atom experiments. This project began with my doctoral research therefore, in this thesis, I present the development and construction of this new experiment, as well as the initial results concerning the cold atom source, the loading of atoms into the HCF, and a brief introduction to spontaneous organization phenomena
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Gourlay, Matthew D., John Kendrick et Frank J. J. Leusen. « Predicting the Spontaneous Chiral Resolution by Crystallization of a Pair of Flexible Nitroxide Radicals ». 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4621.

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The separation of racemates into pure enantiomers through crystallization is an important industrial process. This study provides further validation of a novel, predictive approach for spontaneous resolution in which crystal structure prediction simulations are used to explore the relative stabilities of racemic solids versus enantiopure solids. 2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2,5,5-trimethylpyrrolidine-1-oxy (compound 1) has previously been shown to be a racemic conglomerate, while a similar compound, 2-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2,5,5-trimethylpyrrolidine-1-oxy (compound 2), was not. A conformational search using the Dreiding force field revealed 10 conformational minima for compound 1, and 20 for compound 2. Atomic charges were calculated using unrestricted DFT B3LYP 6-311G** optimized structures, and a crystal structure prediction was performed using the Dreiding force field, considering all low-energy gas-phase conformations and all relevant space groups. Analysis of the predicted crystal structures suggests that compound 1 is a racemic conglomerate, but compound 2 is not. This is in agreement with the experimental evidence.
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Ilivitsky, Susan. « Making sense of sudden personal transformation : a qualitative study on people’s beliefs about the facilitative factors and mechanisms of their abrupt and profound inner change ». Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/3383.

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Sudden personal transformation (SPT) was defined as a subjectively reported, positive, profound, and lasting personal change that follows a relatively brief and memorable inner experience. Although such change has been described in numerous biographies, works of fiction, and religious and scholarly texts, a consistent definition and systematic program of research is lacking in the psychological literature. Moreover, almost nothing is known about what causes such change from the subjective point of view of individuals who have experienced it first hand. This study used semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis to explore the common beliefs of three participants about the factors that facilitated and the mechanisms that caused their SPT. Findings reveal that all participants reported a life transition, feeling miserable, feeling exhausted, feeling unable to resolve adverse circumstances, reaching a breaking point, and support from others facilitated their individual SPT’s. All participants also indicated that a formalized activity or ceremony as well as a process outside of their conscious control (either a higher power or a deep inner wisdom) produced or caused their SPT’s. Implications for future research and counselling practice are discussed.
Graduate
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Livres sur le sujet "Spontaneous crystallization"

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Çidam, Çiğdem. In the Street. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190071684.001.0001.

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The 2010s were a decade of protests, and if the initial few months of 2020 are any indication, various forms of street politics, including spontaneous protests, demonstrations, acts of civil disobedience, and occupations are here to stay. Yet, contemporary discussions on the democratic significance of such events remain limited to questions of success and failure and the relative virtues of spontaneity and organization. In the Street: Democratic Action, Theatricality, and Political Friendship moves beyond these limited and limiting debates by breaking the hold of a deeply engrained way of thinking of democratic action that falsely equates spontaneity with immediacy. The book traces this problematic equation back to Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s account of popular sovereignty and demonstrates that insofar as commentators characterize democratic moments as the unmediated expressions of people’s will and/or instantaneous popular eruptions, they lose sight of the rich, creative, and varied practices of political actors who create those events against all odds. In the Street counters this Rousseauian influence by appropriating Aristotle’s notion of “political friendship” and developing an alternative conceptual framework that emphasizes the theatricality of democratic action through a critical engagement with the works of Antonio Negri, Jürgen Habermas, and Jacques Rancière. The outcome is a new conceptual lens that brings to light what is erased from contemporary discussions of democratic events, namely the crystallization of political actors’ hopes in the novel ways of being that they staged and the alternative forms of social relations that they created in and through the intermediating practices of political friendship.
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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Spontaneous crystallization"

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Sakamoto, Masami, et Takashi Mino. « Asymmetric Reaction Using Molecular Chirality Controlled by Spontaneous Crystallization ». Dans Advances in Crystallization Processes. InTech, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/37034.

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« Absolute Asymmetric Photochemistry Using Spontaneous Chiral Crystallization ». Dans Chiral Photochemistry, 427–74. CRC Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203026342-14.

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Sakamoto, Masami. « Absolute Asymmetric Photochemistry Using Spontaneous Chiral Crystallization ». Dans Molecular and Supramolecular Photochemistry, 415–61. CRC Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203026342.ch11.

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Stura, E. A. « Seeding Techniques ». Dans Crystallization of Nucleic Acids and Proteins. Oxford University Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199636792.003.0011.

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A seed provides a template for the assembly of molecules to form a crystal with the same characteristics as the crystal from which it originated. Seeding has often been used as a method of last resort, rather than a standard practice. Recently, these techniques have gained popularity, in particular, macroseeding, used to enlarge the size of crystals. Seeding has many more applications, and the use of seeding in crystallization can simplify the task of the crystallographer even when crystals can be obtained without it. We will explore the various seeding techniques, and their applications, in the growth of large single crystals and the methods by which we may attempt to obtain crystals that diffract to higher resolution. Crystallogenesis can be divided into two separate phases. The first being the screening of crystallization conditions to obtain the first crystals, the second consisting of the optimization of these conditions to improve crystal size and quality. Seeding can be used advantageously in both these situations. The first stage in crystallogenesis consists of the discovery of initial crystals, crystalline aggregates, or microcrystalline precipitate. This may result from a standardized screening method (1, 2), a systematic method (3), an incomplete factorial search (see Chapter 4 and refs 4 and 5), or by extensive screening of many conditions. This may be bypassed by starting with seeds from crystals of a related molecule that has been previously crystallized. Molecules that have been obtained by genetic or molecular engineering of a previously crystallized macromolecule fall in this category. This method is termed cross-seeding. It has been used to obtain crystals of pig aspartate aminotransferase starting with crystal from the chicken enzyme (6) and between native and complexed Fab molecules (7). Whatever the method used to obtain the initial crystals, seeding may provide a fast and effective way to facilitate the optimization of growth conditions without the uncertainty which is intrinsic in the process of spontaneous nucleation. The streak seeding technique can be used to carry out a search quickly and efficiently over a wide range of growth conditions.
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Rusch, Frederik L. « Editor’s Note ». Dans A Jean Toomer Reader, 31–32. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195083293.003.0006.

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Abstract In 1926, while standing on an elevated train platform in New York City, Toomer suddenly went into a mystical trance that demonstrated to him the possibility of a “higher consciousness” able to transform him into a “radically different being.” The intense mystical feelings that began on the train platform lasted for about two weeks, and although Toomer could not sustain this heightened consciousness indefinitely, the experience demonstrated to him the possibility of a world of harmony in contrast to the world of chaos with which he was all too familiar. It was a moment of crystallization, and Toomer felt reborn. In fact, he had been preparing himself for this experience from at least the time when he had articulated his unhappiness with his life by going to Gurdjieffs institute in 1924. Although in writing about his experience he expressed amazement that what he had been trying to do consciously suddenly came to him unconsciously, without effort at all, it was probably the years of conscious effort that had laid the ground work for his mystical episode. This is not to say that Toomer’s experience was not spontaneous. On the contrary, Toomer’s narrative discribes some classic characteristics of traditional mystical states, like the above-the-body phenomenon, for instance, that William James documents in Varieties of Religious Experience.
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Taber, Douglass F. « Alkaloid Synthesis : (–)-α-Kainic Acid (Cohen), Hyacinthacine A2 (Fox), (–)-Agelastatin A (Hamada), (+)-Luciduline (Barbe), (+)-Lunarine (Fan), (–)-Runanine (Herzon) ». Dans Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190200794.003.0058.

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The intramolecular ene cyclization is still little used in organic synthesis. Theodore Cohen of the University of Pittsburgh trapped (J. Org. Chem. 2011, 76, 7912) the cyclization product from 1 with iodine to give 2, setting the stage for an enantiospecific total synthesis of (–)-α-kainic acid 3. Intramolecular alkene hydroamination has been effected with transition metal catalysts. Joseph M. Fox of the University of Delaware isomerized (Chem. Sci. 2011, 2, 2162) 4 to the trans cyclooctene 5 with high diastereocontrol. Deprotection of the amine led to spontaneous cyclization, again with high diastereocontrol to hyacinthacine A2 6. Yasumasa Hamada of Chiba University devised (Org. Lett. 2011, 13, 5744) a catalyst system for the enantioselective aziridination of cyclopentenone 7. The product 8 was carried on to the tricyclic alkaloid (–)-agelastatin A 9. Guillaume Barbe, now at Novartis in Cambridge, MA, effected (J. Org. Chem. 2011, 76, 5354) the enantioselective Diels-Alder cycloaddition of acrolein 11 to the dihydropyridine 10. Ring-opening ring-closing metathesis later formed one of the carbocyclic rings of (+)-luciduline 13, and set the stage for an intramolecular aldol condensation to form the other. Chun-An Fan of Lanzhou University employed (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2011, 50, 8161) a Cinchona-derived catalyst for the enantioselective Michael addition to prepare 14. Although 14 and 15 were only prepared in 77% ee, crystallization to remove the racemic component of a later intermediate led to (+)-lunarine 16 in high ee. Seth B. Herzon of Yale University used (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2011, 50, 8863) the enantioselective Diels-Alder addition with 18 to block one face of the quinone 17. Reduction of 19 followed by methylation delivered an iminium salt, only one face of which was open for the addition of an aryl acetylide. Thermolysis to remove the cyclopentadiene gave an intermediate that was carried on to (+)-runanine 20.
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Hegde, Yashoda Mariappa, Rajesh Kumar N, Geetha Srinivas et Ms Yashoda Mariappa Hegde. « INDUSTRIAL PROCESSING AND BASIC PRINCIPLES INCLUDING CRYSTALLIZATION AND LYOPHILIZATION ». Dans Futuristic Trends in Pharmacy & ; Nursing Volume 3 Book 4, 254–77. Iterative International Publishers, Selfypage Developers Pvt Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58532/v3bipn4p6ch2.

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Industrial processes transform or separates raw material into pharmaceutically acceptable products like drugs and excipients. Pharmaceutical engineering is used for production of dosage forms, manufacturing of bulk drugs, production of biological and antibiotics. Several unit operations and unit process (physical and chemical) are carried in a sequential order to achieve a process efficiently and economically. In this chapter, we shall discuss in detail about two critical process namely, crystallization and lyophilization which is widely applicable in industrial processing of pharmaceuticals. Crystallization is the process by which the particles spontaneously arrange themselves into a regular, ordered array or predictable geometric structure. Whereas Lyophilization, also known as freeze drying, is the process of removing bound water molecules as well as ice or other frozen solvents from a material through the processes of desorption and sublimation. This chapter mainly focuses on objectives and applications, the major steps and theories involved in the process, factors affecting the process, principle, working, construction, advantages and disadvantages of equipments used for Crystallization and Lyophilization respectively.
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Brisson, A., et O. Lambert. « Two-Dimensional Crystallization of Soluble Proteins on Planar Lipid Films ». Dans Crystallization of Nucleic Acids and Proteins. Oxford University Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199636792.003.0016.

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Electron crystallography of protein two-dimensional (2D) crystals constitutes a fast-expanding method for determining the structure of macromolecules at near-atomic resolution (1, 2). The main limitation in the application and generalization of this approach remains in obtaining highly ordered 2D crystals, as is the case of 3D crystals in X-ray crystallography. Several methods of 2D crystallization are available which can be classified into two families, depending on the type of proteins under investigation, either membrane proteins (3, 4) or soluble proteins (5, 6). In both cases, 2D crystallization is a self-organization process which spontaneously occurs between macromolecules which are restricted to diffusing by translation and rotation in a 2D space, with a fixed orientation along the normal to this plane. The scope of this chapter is restricted to the 2D crystallization of soluble proteins on planar lipid films, by the so-called ‘lipid monlayer crystallization method’ (5). Our aim is to present a step-by-step description of the experimental procedures involved in the application of this method. The method of protein 2D crystallization on planar lipid films was introduced about 15 years ago (5) and has since been successfully applied to about 30 proteins. Its principle is based on the specific interaction between soluble proteins and lipid ligands inserted in a lipid monolayer, at an air-water interface. In practice, a lipid monolayer is formed by spreading lipids dissolved in an organic solvent on a water surface. Proteins present in the aqueous subphase bind to their ligand of lipidic nature and spontaneously form 2D domains and, in favourable cases, 2D crystals. The process of 2D crystal formation relies on three successive steps: (a) Molecular recognition between a protein and its ligand. (b) Diffusion and concentration of the protein-lipid complexes in the plane of the lipid film. (c) Self-organization of the proteins into 2D crystals. As indicated in Table 1, three different types of systems can be distinguished, depending on the nature of the lipid ligand: • natural lipids • synthetic lipids made of a protein ligand coupled to a lipid molecule • charged lipids.
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Stephen Lansing, J. « Anti-Chaos, Common Property, and the Emergence of Cooperation ». Dans Dynamics in Human and Primate Societies. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195131673.003.0014.

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Complex adaptive systems, as conceived by John Holland, are groups of agents engaged in a process of coadaptation, in which adaptive moves by individuals have consequences for the group. Holland and others have shown that under certain circumstances simple models of this process show surprising abilities to self-organize (Holland 1993; Kauffman 1993). Complex adaptive systems have interesting mathematical properties, and the process of "anti-chaos"-—the spontaneous crystallization of ordered patterns in initially disordered networks— has become a new area of interdisciplinary research. But the question of whether these models can illuminate real world processes is still largely open. Not long ago John Maynard Smith described the study of complex adaptive systems as "fact-free science" (1995). This chapter has two purposes. First, in response to Maynard Smith, I will show how the concept of ecological feedback in complex adaptive systems provides a simple and powerful explanation for the structure and persistence of cooperative networks among Balinese rice farmers. Second, I will generalize this explanation to shed light on the emergence of cooperation in a class of social systems where interactions with the natural world create both rewards and punishments. But before turning to these examples, in line with the purposes of this volume I will comment on the ideas and assumptions that underlie the use of models in this analysis. "Society is a human product. Society is an objective reality. Man [sic] is a social product." With this epigram Peter Berger and Thomas Luckmann neatly encapsulated a fundamental problem in social theory (1967:61). In American anthropology today this paradox is often posed as a conflict between "structure" and "agency," where the former refers to ideational, economic, institutional, or psychological systems that are represented as generating social reality; and the latter to the ability of individual social actors to modify their own social worlds. The same paradox recurs in classical social theory, such as Jürgen Habermas' insistence on the need to somehow reconcile actor-focused and system-level social theories (Habermas 1985, 1987).
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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Spontaneous crystallization"

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Amjad, Zahid, et Justin Albright. « Kinetic and Morphological Investigation of Strontium Sulfate Precipitation in the Presence of Biopolymers and Synthetic Polymers for Oilfield Applications ». Dans CORROSION 2015, 1–12. NACE International, 2015. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2015-06076.

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Abstract In this work, the effect of biodegradable polymers i.e., carboxymethyl inulin, CMI; lignosulfonate, LS, and synthetic polymers i.e., poly(acrylic acid), PAA; poly(methacrylic acid), PMAA, on the crystal growth kinetics of strontium sulfate (SrSO4) was studied at 25°C. The spontaneous crystallization method was used to investigate the crystallization kinetics of SrSO4. The experimental results show that SrSO4 crystal growth process depends upon CMI concentration and its degree of carboxylation. Comparison with the effects of PAA and PMAA inhibitors, which were also included in our experiments, show that PAA is a more effective inhibitor than CMI-15, CMI-20, CMI-25, PMAA, and LS. The fit of the adsorption model to the experimental data supports a mechanism of inhibition through molecular adsorption of polymers on the surface of growing crystals.
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Tanaka, Hajime, John Russo, Mathieu Leocmach et Takeshi Kawasaki. « Spontaneous bond orientational ordering in liquids : An intimate link between glass transition and crystallization ». Dans 4TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SLOW DYNAMICS IN COMPLEX SYSTEMS : Keep Going Tohoku. American Institute of Physics, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4794561.

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Suzuki, Daiki, Seiichiro Nakabayashi et Hiroshi Y. Yoshikawa. « Spatiotemporal Control of Crystal Growth of Organic Compounds by Femtosecond Laser Ablation II ~ Laser Energy Dependence~ ». Dans JSAP-OSA Joint Symposia. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/jsap.2017.8p_a410_8.

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Crystallization is crucial for various experimental processes such as purification, crystalline devices, and determination of molecular structures by X-ray/Neutron diffraction. The preparation of crystals with appropriate size and shape is one of the important factors for the success of the above-mentioned processes. In general, researchers try to make such crystals by optimizing the environmental parameters such as temperature, solvents, and additives. On the other hand, our group has recently succeeded in the control of protein crystal growth by directly modifying the local crystal structures via femtosecond laser ablation [1]. Here the key is to induce the spiral growth mode, which is energetically advantageous compared to the spontaneous 2D nucleation growth mode. In the previous account, we reported that this technique can also be applied to crystals of a low-weight organic compound, glycine [2]. In this work, we systematically investigated the dependence of laser energy on the organic crystal growth to explore the optimized condition for the preparation of crystals with desired size and shape.
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