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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Standing up against abuse »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 4 juin 2021

Mis à jour le 2 février 2022

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Standing up against abuse"

Muntingh, Lukas M. « Africa, Prisons and COVID-19 ». Journal of Human Rights Practice 12, n^o 2 (juillet 2020) : 284–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhuman/huaa031.

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Abstract Africa’s prisons are a long-standing concern for rights defenders given the prevalence of rights abuses, overcrowding, poor conditions of detention and the extent to which the criminal justice system is used to target the poor. The paper surveys 24 southern and east African countries within the context of COVID-19. Between 5 March and 15 April 2020 COVID-19 had spread to 23 southern and east African countries, except Lesotho. The overwhelming majority of these countries imposed general restrictions on their populations from March 2020 and nearly all restricted visits to prisons to prevent the spread of the coronavirus. The pandemic and government responses demonstrated the importance of reliable and up to date data on the prison population, and any confined population, as it became evident that such information is sorely lacking. The World Health Organization recommended the release of prisoners to ease congestion, a step supported by the UN Subcommittee on Prevention of Torture. However, the lack of data and the particular African context pose some questions about the desirability of such a move. The curtailment of prison visits by external persons also did away with independent oversight even in states parties to the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture (OPCAT). In the case of South Africa, prison monitors were not listed in the ensuing legislation as part of essential services and thus were excluded from access to prisons. In the case of Mozambique, it was funding being placed on hold by the donor community that prevented the Human Rights Commission from visiting prisons. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted long-standing systemic problems in Africa’s prisons. Yet African states have remained remarkably reluctant to engage in prison reform, despite the fact that poorly managed prisons pose a significant threat to general public health care.

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Murphy, Colleen. « Religion & ; Transitional Justice ». Daedalus 149, n^o 3 (juillet 2020) : 185–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_01811.

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Transitional justice refers to the process of dealing with human rights abuses committed during the course of ongoing conflict or repression, where such processes are established as a society aims to move toward a better state, and where a constitutive element of that better state includes democracy. A philosophical theory of transitional justice articulates what the moral criteria or standards are that processes of transitional justice must satisfy to qualify as just responses to past wrongdoing. This essay focuses on the roles of religion in transitional justice. I first consider the multiple and conflicting roles of religion during periods of conflict and repression. I then argue against conceptualizing transitional justice in a theologically grounded manner that emphasizes the importance of forgiveness. Finally, I discuss the prominent role that religious actors often play in processes of transitional justice. I close with the theoretical questions about authority and standing in transitional contexts that warrant further examination, questions that the roles of religious actors highlight. Thinking through the relationship between religion and democracy from the perspective of transitional justice is theoretically fruitful because it sheds more light on additional dimensions to the issue of authority than those scholars of liberal democracy have traditionally taken up.

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Mégret, Frédéric. « Beyond UN Accountability for Human Rights Violations ». International Organizations Law Review 16, n^o 1 (7 janvier 2019) : 68–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15723747-01601004.

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The overarching focus on the United Nations and its agents for human rights violations and abuses they may have committed, as well as the attention to troop contributing states and even ‘victims’, has broadly shifted attention away from the role of the host state in peace operation. This article seeks to unpack that omission and suggests that it is far more problematic than commonly thought, in particular because it tends to reproduce some of the problematic features of the political economy of peacekeeping that are the background of rights abuses in the first place. Instead, as part of a tradition of thinking of human rights in terms of sovereign protection, the article makes the case for taking much more seriously the role that the host state can and should have in order to address abuses by international organizations. It emphasises how international legal discourse has tended to ‘give up’ on the host state, but also how host states have themselves been problematically quiescent about violations occurring on their territory. This has forced victims to take the improbable route of seeking to hold the UN accountable directly, bereft of the sort of legal and political mediation which one would normally expect their sovereign to provide. The article contributes some thoughts as to why host states have not taken up their citizens’ cause more forcefully with the United Nations, including governmental weakness, a domestic culture of rights neglect, but also host state dependency on peace operations. The article then suggests some leads to rethink the role of the host state in such circumstances. It points out relevant avenues under international law as well as specifically under international human rights law, drawing on the literature developed to theorise the responsibilities of states in relation to private third-party non-state actors within their jurisdiction. It argues that there is no reason why the arguments developed with private actors, notably corporations, in mind could not be applied to public actors such as the UN. Finally, the article suggests some concrete ways in which the host state could more vigorously take up the cause of rights abuses against international organizations including by requiring the setting up of standing claims commissions or making more use of its consent to peace operations, as well as ways in which it could be forced to do so through domestic law recourses. The article concludes by suggesting that reinstating the host state within what should be its natural prerogatives will not only be a better way of dealing with UN abuses, but also more conducive to the goals of peacekeeping and state construction.

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Benson, Diane E. « Standing Up Against the Giant ». American Indian Quarterly 27, n^o 1 (2003) : 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/aiq.2004.0020.

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Andrade, Gabriel. « STANDING UP FOR SCIENCE AGAINST POSTMODERNISM AND RELATIVISM ». Philosophia : International Journal of Philosophy 20, n^o 2 (juin 2019) : 197–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.46992/pijp.20.2.a.4.

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Thomas, Emma F., Craig McGarty, Russell Spears, Andrew G. Livingstone, Michael J. Platow, Girish Lala et Kenneth Mavor. « ‘That's not funny!’ Standing up against disparaging humor ». Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 86 (janvier 2020) : 103901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2019.103901.

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Cox, Lara. « Standing Up against the Rape Joke : Irony and Its Vicissitudes ». Signs : Journal of Women in Culture and Society 40, n^o 4 (juin 2015) : 963–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/680330.

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Baumert, Anna, Mengyao Li, Julia Sasse et Linda Skitka. « Standing up against moral violations : Psychological processes of moral courage ». Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 88 (mai 2020) : 103951. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2020.103951.

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Smith, Carolyn R., Steven J. Palazzo, Paula L. Grubb et Gordon L. Gillespie. « Standing up against workplace bullying behavior : Recommendations from newly licensed nurses ». Journal of Nursing Education and Practice 10, n^o 7 (13 avril 2020) : 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v10n7p35.

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Objective: Workplace bullying exists in today’s healthcare system and often targets newly licensed nurses. Experiences of workplace bullying behavior may negatively affect the nurses’ physical and psychological health and impact job satisfaction and staff turnover rates at an organizational level. The purpose of this study was to explore strategies suggested by newly licensed nurses to prevent and intervene during incidents of workplace bullying behavior.Methods: An exploratory qualitative design guided this study. Three open-ended questions asked included: What do you think could be done to prevent a future, similar incident of workplace bullying? If you or someone else attempted to the stop the bullying incident, please describe the actions taken. If you or someone else did not attempt to stop the bullying incident, please state what would need to happen for you to intervene on behalf of yourself or someone else. Surveys were distributed electronically to newly licensed nurses from three baccalaureate nursing programs who had participated in a workplace bullying education intervention study as students. A total of 79 responses were received. Responses to three open-ended questions about recent incidents of workplace bullying behavior were coded and analyzed. Then the Social-Ecological Model was used to organize results into individual, relationship, and organizational level strategies.Results: Most respondents reported experiencing workplace bullying behaviors in the previous six months. Three domains of strategies were identified: Preventing Future Bullying Behavior, Stopping Incidents of Bullying Behavior, and Promoting Others to Act.Conclusions: Results indicated newly licensed nurses desire to be supported by their peers and organization as well as strategies to intervene when bullying behaviors occur. Implications for clinical practice and education are presented.

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Pugh, Sarah, Sapna Desai, Laura Ferguson, Heidi Stöckl et Shirin Heidari. « Not without a fight : standing up against the Global Gag Rule ». Reproductive Health Matters 25, n^o 49 (janvier 2017) : 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09688080.2017.1303250.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Standing up against abuse"

Fortuin, Philene. « Re-performing trauma making use of outsider witnessing : a pastoral narrative approach ». Diss., 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/7040.

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The study focuses on women’s experiences of abuse resulting in trauma. This research performance was conducted within a practical theology framework guided by a de-centred participatory action research process. The study was conducted against a postmodern background and was informed by social construction discourse. Its aim was to explore whether and how narrative pastoral counselling using outsider witnessing could be helpful in finding new preferred ways of living, resulting in healing, resilience and hope for women who had experienced abuse and trauma. The outsider witness group explored practical ways of listening, observing and responding to the pain and suffering of others, resulting in a new performance of the self as valuable, competent, and enabling those who are witnessed to believe that they are survivors that have lived through and beyond the limited life span of abuse and trauma. The research report ends with a play, New Seasons, which is to be performed in front of live audiences in the course of 2012.
Practical Theology
M. Th. (Practical Theology with specialisation in Pastoral Therapy)

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Lindqvist, Per. « Violence against a person : the role of mental disorder and abuse : a study of homicides and an analysis of criminality in a cohort of patients with schizophrenia ». Doctoral thesis, 1989. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-100574.

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Interpersonal violence is a matter of growing concern. Where the safety of the common man is concerned, the dangerousness of mental patients, the ongoing de-institutionalization within psychiatry, and the role of alcohol is disputed. In order to analyze the significance of abuse and mental disorder in violent behaviour, this subject was approached from two different perspectives; from a specific violent offence - homicide - examining the mental status of the offenders, and from individuals with a specific mental disorder - schizophrenia -and assessing the rate of criminal offence amongst them. Homicides in northern Sweden and in Stockholm, legally characterized as murder, manslaughter or assault and causing another’s death, and homicides followed by the offenders’ suicide, were studied. Medicolegal autopsy records, police reports, pretrial psychiatric reports and court records were collected and scrutinized. The criminal records of 644 persons, discharged from hospitals in Stockholm with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, were studied. The relative risk of criminal offence was analyzed by indirect standardization using the general population as a standard. Violent offenders were further examined from psychiatric records. In the homicide material, 16 females and 160 males killed 94 men, 78 women, and 15 children. Forty percent of all surviving offenders were abusers without a major mental disorder, 39% were mentally disordered, 11% committed suicide, and 10% were considered "normal". The abusers and their victims were older, often socially and mentally deteriorated, and well known to each other. The victim was the prime aggressor in half of the cases. Killings by mentally disordered persons and by those who committed suicide were characterized by intimacy between offender and victim; one third were also abusers. Multiple homicides and child murder were mainly seen among homicide-suicice cases. The "normal" offenders were more often of foreign origin and two thirds of the victims initiated the violence by physical attacks. Relatively more of the homicides in northern Sweden concerned intimate parties, use of firearms, and cases of homicide-suicide, as compared to homicides in Stockholm where drug abuse was more prevalent. Sixteen offenders (9%) in the homicide sample had schizophrenia (all males), while 38 subjects (6%) in the cohort of schizophrenics had committed a violent offence. No homicide was recorded and most of the offences were of minor severity. The rate of violent offence was four times higher in the study group as compared to the general population. Most homicides involved closely related persons with separation and dependence as the dominating psychological theme, especially in homicide- suicide cases. Intoxication was regularly seen among the abusers but not among the non-abusers. The acute effect of alcohol intoxication may be of lesser importance in violence as compared to the long-term effects of abuse. Schizophrenics do not impress as a particularly dangerous group. Prevention by psychiatry is difficult; most offenders did not have any contact with psychiatry prior to the act.

S. 1-70: sammanfattning, s. 71-176: 5 uppsatser

digitalisering@umu

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Livres sur le sujet "Standing up against abuse"

Gender and Development Forum (2004 Kampala, Uganda?). Standing up against gender violence : Quality for equality : celebrating activism. Kampala, Uganda : Isis-WICCE, 2004.

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Gender and Development Forum (2004 Kampala, Uganda?). Standing up against gender violence : Quality for equality : celebrating activism. Kampala, Uganda : Isis-WICCE, 2004.

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Wile, Joan. Grandmothers Against the War : Getting off our fannies & standing up for peace. New York : Citadel Press, 2008.

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Yousafzai, Malala. Malala : My Story of Standing Up for Girls' Rights. London : Indigo, 2014.

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1985-, Morin Marie-Claude, dir. Abuse of older women : Report of the Standing Committee on the Status of Women. [Ottawa] : Standing Committee on the Status of Women, 2012.

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Canada. Parliament. House of Commons. Standing Committee on Health and Welfare, Social Affairs, Seniors and the Status of Women. The war against women : Report of the Standing Committee on Health and Welfare, Social Affairs, Seniors and the Status of Women. [Ottawa : Queen's Printer for Canada], 1991.

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Canada. Parliament. House of Commons. Sub-Committee on the Status of Women. The war against women : First report of the Standing Committee on Health and Welfare, Social Affairs, Seniors and the Status of Women. [Ottawa : Queen's Printer for Canada], 1991.

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Retika, Rajbhandari, Rajbhandari Binayak et Women's Rehabilitation Centre (Kathmandu, Nepal), dir. Standing up against the status quo : Impact evaluation of the programme "Prevention of Violence Against Women and Children Through Youth Mobilization and Empowerment". Kathmandu : Women's Rehabilitation Centre, 2005.

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Canada. Parliament. House of Commons. Sub-Committee on the Status of Women. The war against women : Issue no. 3 of Minutes of proceedings and evidence of the Standing Committee on Health and Welfare, Social Affairs, Seniors and the Status of Women. [Ottawa] : Queens's Printer, 1991.

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The nice girl syndrome : Stop being manipulated and abused--and start standing up for yourself. Hoboken, NJ : J. Wiley & Sons, 2008.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Standing up against abuse"

Nishikawa, Yuka. « A Short Ecological History of Varzaneh : Adaptive Responses to and Resilience Against the Adversity of Drought ». Dans Standing up to Climate Change, 317–30. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50684-1_15.

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Kadelbach, Stefan. « State Immunity, Individual Compensation for Victims of Human Rights Crimes, and Future Prospects ». Dans Remedies against Immunity ?, 143–57. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62304-6_7.

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AbstractThis chapter first recapitulates the state of affairs as to the principle of state immunity and why exceptions from jurisdictional immunity for gross violations of human rights and humanitarian law are not recognized. It explores customary law and the global compensation treaty between Germany and Italy. Both indicate that Italy would be obligated to indemnify Germany from individual claims raised before Italian courts.In a second step, the development towards individual rights in public international law will be taken up. It appears that human beings are increasingly recognized as holders of individual claims but, apart from human rights treaty systems, lack the capacity under international law to invoke their rights before courts. Instead, they depend on their home states, which have standing but are not entitled to waive the individual rights of their citizens.In order to reconcile the seemingly antagonistic regimes of state immunity and claim settlement, prospects for a friendly solution of the present dilemma will be assessed. Against the background of cases pending before Italian courts, it will be examined whether the distinction between jurisdictional immunity and immunity from execution opens up a way out of the impasse, which the two states and private capital could pursue, and whether this solution would create a precedent for other similar constellations.Lastly, some concluding remarks will address lessons to be learnt for future conflicts. They will deal with elements of a general regime of compensation, drawing from the experience of both past reparation schemes and the experience of reconciliation in post-totalitarian societies. Such elements could be a duty to seek bona fide settlements, possible consequences of violations for domestic court proceedings, methods of assessing damages inspired by mass claim processing, the categorization of claims according to the gravity of violations, rules on evaluating evidence, procedures to give victims a say, and appropriate forms of monetary and non-pecuniary compensation including the necessary institutional framework.

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Sobieraj, Sarah. « Constant Calibration (Preventative Labor) ». Dans Credible Threat, 63–81. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190089283.003.0004.

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The substance of online attacks against women is predictable—filled with long-standing sexist, racist, xenophobic, and homophobic content—but their frequency and intensity are not. This uncertainty makes participating in public discourse a gamble and leaves women struggling to crack the code: how can they enter digital publics while also avoiding abuse? Drawing on interviews with women targeted by digital attacks, this chapter shows that they engage in time-consuming and emotionally draining efforts intended to reduce the potential for harassment. They use four main approaches: tightening their digital security, consulting “mental maps” of riskier and safer online spaces, monitoring their emotional stamina to assess whether they are “up to” participation, and engaging in extensive credibility-work designed to limit attackers’ ability to discredit or shame them. In the end, as with other forms of gendered abuse, following victim-avoidance “rules” is not enough to ensure safety for women who speak out online.

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Schoop, Monika E. « Standing up against Discrimination and Exclusion ». Dans Made in Germany, 207–15. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351200790-26.

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Meron, Theodor. « Trying Violations of Human Rights in International Criminal Tribunals ». Dans Standing Up for Justice, 103–15. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198863434.003.0005.

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This chapter details the ways in which international criminal tribunals such as the ICTY have contributed to human rights law and protections. In construing the material elements of crimes under international humanitarian law, international criminal tribunals have had recourse to human rights law and jurisprudence, thereby strengthening human rights law and opening new avenues for its penal enforcement. The beginnings of these developments can be traced, first, to the drafting of crimes against humanity clauses in the Nuremberg Charter and, second, to the drafting of Common Article 3 of the Geneva Conventions. The tribunals have also made immense contributions to strengthening the proscriptions of rape as war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocidal acts. With respect to persecution, the ICTY held that persecution is the gross or blatant denial, on discriminatory grounds, of a fundamental right, laid down in international customary or treaty law, reaching the same level of gravity as the other acts prohibited as crimes against humanity.

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Meron, Theodor. « General Gotovina ». Dans Standing Up for Justice, 173–82. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198863434.003.0009.

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This chapter describes the controversial acquittal of General Ante Gotovina. The events giving rise to this case occurred between July and September 1995. During that time, Croatia initiated a military action called “Operation Storm” for the purpose of taking control of territory in the Krajina region of Croatia. Gotovina was a colonel-general in the HV (Croatian Army) during the Indictment period and was the operational commander of Operation Storm in the southern part of the Krajina region. The Trial Chamber found that Gotovina contributed to the joint criminal enterprise (JCE), the common purpose of which was to permanently remove the Serb civilian population from the Krajina region. The Trial Chamber consequently found Gotovina guilty under the first form of JCE of both persecution and deportation as crimes against humanity. It also found him guilty under the third form of JCE of murder and inhuman acts as crimes against humanity, plunder of public and private property and violations of the laws or customs of war. He was sentenced to a single term of 24 years’ imprisonment.

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Meron, Theodor. « Early Release of Prisoners Decisions ». Dans Standing Up for Justice, 263–308. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198863434.003.0012.

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This chapter describes the author’s own practice, as Court President, on early release of prisoners serving sentences imposed by the ICTY, ICTR, or the Mechanism, one which followed the practice of his predecessors. Early releases or pardons of prisoners are often delicate and controversial in nation-States. In international criminal tribunals, the political, national, ethnic and religious context makes early releases even more difficult and contentious. Interested States, victims’ organizations, NGOs and media often vent their anger at some releases by harsh attacks against the Presidents that rendered them. In Rwanda, early releases of persons convicted by the ICTR or the Mechanism have not been welcome. In the former Yugoslavia, convicted persons who have been released have often been celebrated upon their return to their own local and national communities. These releases have, however, been criticized by other communities in the former Yugoslavia.

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Meron, Theodor. « The Road Ahead ». Dans Standing Up for Justice, 311–48. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198863434.003.0013.

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This chapter assesses whether international justice works. When the ICTY was established by the U.N. Security Council in 1993, followed by the establishment of the ICTR in 1994, to try individuals accused of war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide (atrocity crimes), it marked in many ways a turning point in international law and relations. In the years that followed, the ICTY and the ICTR demonstrated in concrete terms that accountability for international crimes was possible, in full compliance with norms of fairness and due process, and it showed practically how this could be done. Taking stock of all the developments since the establishment of the ICTY, there is much to be heartened by. However, the fact remains that there is a huge gap between the actual accountability efforts undertaken and the far larger number of individuals who are believed to be responsible for atrocity crimes.

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Meron, Theodor. « Judicial Decision-Making and Deliberations ». Dans Standing Up for Justice, 143–63. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198863434.003.0007.

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This chapter assesses judicial decision-making and deliberations. The success of international criminal courts depends in no small part on the transparency of proceedings and reasoning of the judgements. Transparency is essential to building public confidence in the fair administration of justice. It also serves as an important safeguard against judicial arbitrariness and helps to ensure not only the fairness of the proceedings but the independence and impartiality of the Bench. This commitment to transparency in court proceedings is not absolute, however. It is limited by other factors, such as the importance of protecting witnesses and victims and the requirement that certain information be kept confidential. The chapter looks at the process of decision-making in the ICTY, ICTR, and the Mechanism. It draws attention to four specific issues: the uniqueness of the tribunals and the impact of their special status on decision-making; the diversity of decision-makers at the tribunals; the diverse backgrounds of the tribunals’ Judges and staff; and the process of decision-making.

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Bustos, Camila, Valentina Rozo-Ángel et Gabriela Eslava-Bejarano. « Protecting the rights of future generations through climate litigation : lessons from the struggle against deforestation in the Colombian Amazon ». Dans Standing up for a Sustainable World, 163–70. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781800371781.00029.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Standing up against abuse"

Morazzani, Ivette M., et Dennis W. Hong. « Analysis, Synthesis, and Experiments of Standing Up Methods for a Tripedal Robot ». Dans ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-86912.

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This paper presents the work addressing the issue of standing up after falling down for a novel three-legged mobile robot STriDER (Self-excited Tripedal Dynamic Experimental Robot). The robot is inherently stable when all three feet are on the ground due to its tripod stance, but it can still fall down if it trips while taking a step or if unexpected external forces act on it. The unique structure of STriDER makes the simple task of standing up challenging for a number of reasons; the high height of the robot and long limbs require high torque at the actuators due to its large moment arms; the joint configuration and length of the limbs limit the workspace where the feet can be placed on the ground for support; the compact design of the joints allows limited joint actuation motor output torque; three limbs do not allow extra support and stability in the process of standing up. This paper examines four standing up strategies unique to STriDER: three feet, two feet and one foot pushup, and spiral pushup. For all of these standing up strategies, the robot places its feet or foot at desired positions and then pushes the feet against the ground thus, lifting the body upwards. The four pushup methods for standing up were analyzed and evaluated considering the constraints such as, static stability, friction at the feet, kinematic configuration and joint motor torque limits, thus determining the suggested design and operation parameters. The motor torque trends as the robot stands up using pushup methods were investigated and the results from the analysis were validated through experiments.

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Brickman, Dennis B. « Commercial Tree Chipper : The Leg Pull-In Hypothesis ». Dans ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32459.

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This paper addresses a commercial mobile tree chipper with a mechanical infeed system that is manually fed. The purpose of this paper is to show that tree branches and brush presented to a disc chipper through the infeed hopper will not pull an erectly standing operator’s leg off the ground and into the feed wheels given the conditions set forth in this test program. In order for an erectly standing operator’s leg to contact the feed wheels, it is necessary for the leg to be pulled off the ground and over the bottom leading edge of the infeed hopper. Experiments demonstrate that the operator’s leg is pulled up against the lower leading edge of the infeed hopper and lodges there during pull-in scenarios using a winch, cable, and rope attached to the operator’s ankle. Two safety devices, an infeed extension pan and a safety control bar are explored in this paper.

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Iwasaki, Akihisa, Shinichiro Matsubara, Kazuteru Kawamura, Hidenori Harada et Tomohiko Yamamoto. « Effect of Deformation of Core Elements of Fast Reactor Core to the Seismic Response ». Dans ASME 2019 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93769.

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Abstract Core elements of a fast reactor are self-standing on the core support structure and not restrained in the axial direction. When the earthquake occurs, it is necessary to consider vertical behavior and horizontal displacement of the core elements simultaneously. In the core seismic analysis, a three dimensional core vibration behavior was evaluated by considering fluid structure interaction, collision with adjacent core elements and vertical displacement and verified by a series of vibration tests. But the evaluation had a assumption of straightness of each core elements which may be bowed due to thermal expansion and swelling under restraint of the horizontal direction between the upper pad and lower structure (Entrance Nozzle). If the core elements are deformed in its plant operation, they may push each other against its adjacent core elements. The large horizontal interference forces may work to decrease the vertical displacement of the core elements. In this study, to grasp and estimate the behavior under the deformed core elements under the earthquake motion, a three dimensional seismic analysis model consist of all of core elements with consideration of the effect of deformed core elements were prepared, analyzed and verified by hexagonal-matrix tests with 37 core elements and single row mock-up models with 7 core elements. These test results show that the rising displacements decrease with increased deformation and no rising occurs when the deformations exceed a threshold. In this paper, the effect of bending deformation due to thermal expansion and swelling on the rising displacement of the core elements was shown by seismic experiments.

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Sach, Udo, Goswin Schreck, Max Ritter et Jean-Pierre Wenger. « High-Level-Waste and Spent Fuel Storage in Switzerland ». Dans ASME 2001 8th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2001-1173.

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Abstract At present, Switzerland has no final repository for radioactive wastes. Very early, the Swiss nuclear power plant operators were aware of the necessity to expand interim storage capacity for spent fuel elements and operational wastes. Already in 1991, Nordostschweizerische Kraftwerke AG (NOK) therefore started building a reactor-site interim storage facility (ZWIBEZ) at its Beznau power plant site. Moreover, as early as in 1990, “ZWILAG Zwischenlager Würenlingen AG”, a company established by the nuclear power plant operators had initiated the licensing procedure for a central interim storage facility in Switzerland. This central interim storage facility is designed for the storage of all categories of radioactive wastes and includes a conditioning facility for low-level and medium-level waste. Eleven years later, in July 2001, the first transport and storage cask loaded with irradiated fuel elements was stored in this facility. For both of the stores the concept of dry interim storage in suitable storage casks in a storage hall was chosen for the storage of irradiated fuel elements and vitrified high-level wastes from reprocessing. Cooling is established through natural circulation. Leaktightness of the casks is continuously monitored by means of a cask monitoring system. The other wastes arising from nuclear power plant operation and reprocessing are stored in a ventilated storage hall which provides shielding and — depending on the radioactive inventory — protection against external impact. The conditioned radioactive wastes, packaged in drums, are placed into open storage containers with identical base and having the same sling points as ISO containers. These containers are stacked up in free-standing stacks up to a height of 16 m. The storage concept varies, depending on the radioactive inventory; for the ZWIBEZ reactor-site interim store, a storage hall for low-level waste has been built without partition walls, whereas the store for the medium and high-level waste in the central interim store ZWILAG has been designed with partition walls dividing the hall into several storage shafts which are closed by shielding slabs. By including a hot cell into the ZWILAG facility, the purpose of this facility has been expanded beyond interim storage of radioactive waste to cover also the visual inspection of fuel elements and vitrified waste canisters as well as the reloading of fuel elements and canisters from smaller transport casks into combined transport and storage casks. Furthermore, the hot cell enables inspection and/or repair work to be performed in the cask lid area of loaded transport and storage casks, the replacement of the lid seals of storage casks and the conditioning of medium-level waste.

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Karatalov, Omurbek. « Open Economy and Economic Integration within the Framework of Eurasia ». Dans International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00633.

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The Kyrgyz Republic economy openness is studied within the framework of the Eurasia. Insufficient level of the financial and economic standing of Kyrgyzstan is clarified. Reasons for Governmental regulating use in the area of monetary, tax and budget policy in USA have been set up. Conditions of the development of industrial countries economy are under consideration. The necessity of financialisation of all capital of country is defined. Kyrgyzstan public budget’s permanent deficiency formation reasons are studied. A necessity of integration economic relations development within the framework of Eurasia is offered. A necessity of sustainable economic relations establishment as well as finding solution for external debt between Kyrgyzstan and Russia have been justified. It is recommended to strengthen effective fight against a scale corruption, «shadow» economy and criminalization of economy and finances. The increase of efficiency and responsibility of top managers of the public administration level have been offered. The necessity of the independent mastering of own gold-mining fields is justified. The need to attract the foreign direct investments to the area of mining and processing industry have been offered. Within the framework of acceleration of economic integration. Needs for the development of exploring and processing of hydrocarbons as well as building of large economic entities especially the hydroelectric power stations, namely Kambar-Ata-1 Hydro-Power Plants have been suggested. By this it is also suggested to Russia to develop this as strategic partner of Kyrgyzstan. Creation of integral customs system and energy cooperation suggested. It should be supported by establishment of unique equivalent among Eurasia states. By this it is to be possible to find acceptable solutions in finance and economy and to form a united economic cooperation considering a sovereignty of each state. It is necessary to develop the identical financial reporting of point-of-sale and payment balances, balance of international investments, compliable national republics and on the whole on Eurasia. To walk away from the calculation and actual use of dollar of the USA in finance and economic operations. Based on econometric prognosis of gross internal product and the public budget of Kyrgyzstan is made calculating on the per to 2025 year.

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