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Articles de revues sur le sujet « Submicronic particles »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 17 mai 2025

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1

Turysbekov, Dulatbek, Nesipbai Tussupbayev, Bakdaulet Kenzhaliev, Sabira Narbekova et Larissa Semushkina. « The Effect of Novel Submicronic Solid Activators on Sphalerite Flotability ». Minerals 14, n^o 3 (27 février 2024) : 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min14030243.

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In this study, we examine the effect of novel submicronic activators made from copper minerals and copper-rich concentrate on sphalerite flotability. The copper minerals and copper concentrate are ground in a vibratory micromill and ultrasonically treated to obtain submicronic sphalerite activators. Histograms show that the concentration of copper particles in the activator after treatment is 92%–94%, with particle sizes of 105–115 nm. The results concerning monomineral flotation showed that sphalerite flotation is possible with the use of submicronic copper particles as an activator. At the same time, the consumption of mineral copper is much lower (by 10 times) than that of copper sulfate. The best results are achieved when submicronic particles of covellite and bornite (with a 60% concentration of particles 300–500 nm in size) were used. Sphalerite recovery amounted to 80%, which is higher than the recovery obtained with the use of copper sulfate by 2% but is 2% lower compared to the use of copper oxyhydroxide. The flotation effect of the submicronic activators on sphalerite was tested in laboratory conditions using polymetallic ore from one of Kazakhstan’s deposits. It is shown that the novel submicron activators based on bornite and copper concentrate exhibit much lower consumption rates and can replace the more expensive copper sulfate at the same Zn content (54.8%–54.9%), obtaining recovery rates of 95.69%–96.57%.

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Afanou, Komlavi Anani, Anne Straumfors, Asbjørn Skogstad, Terje Nilsen, Ole Synnes, Ida Skaar, Linda Hjeljord, Arne Tronsmo, Brett James Green et Wijnand Eduard. « Submicronic Fungal Bioaerosols : High-Resolution Microscopic Characterization and Quantification ». Applied and Environmental Microbiology 80, n^o 22 (12 septembre 2014) : 7122–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01740-14.

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ABSTRACTSubmicronic particles released from fungal cultures have been suggested to be additional sources of personal exposure in mold-contaminated buildings.In vitrogeneration of these particles has been studied with particle counters, eventually supplemented by autofluorescence, that recognize fragments by size and discriminate biotic from abiotic particles. However, the fungal origin of submicronic particles remains unclear. In this study, submicronic fungal particles derived fromAspergillus fumigatus,A. versicolor, andPenicillium chrysogenumcultures grown on agar and gypsum board were aerosolized and enumerated using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). A novel bioaerosol generator and a fungal spores source strength tester were compared at 12 and 20 liters min−1airflow. The overall median numbers of aerosolized submicronic particles were 2 × 105cm−2, 2.6 × 103cm−2, and 0.9 × 103cm−2forA. fumigatus,A. versicolor, andP. chrysogenum, respectively.A. fumigatusreleased significantly (P< 0.001) more particles thanA. versicolorandP. chrysogenum. The ratios of submicronic fragments to larger particles, regardless of media type, were 1:3, 5:1, and 1:2 forA. fumigatus,A. versicolor, andP. chrysogenum, respectively. Spore fragments identified by the presence of rodlets amounted to 13%, 2%, and 0% of the submicronic particles released fromA. fumigatus,A. versicolor, andP. chrysogenum, respectively. Submicronic particles with and without rodlets were also aerosolized from cultures grown on cellophane-covered media, indirectly confirming their fungal origin. Both hyphae and conidia could fragment into submicronic particles and aerosolizein vitro. These findings further highlight the potential contribution of fungal fragments to personal fungal exposure.

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Reverchon, E., C. Celano, G. Della Porta, A. Di Trolio et S. Pace. « Supercritical antisolvent precipitation : A new technique for preparing submicronic yttrium powders to improve YBCO superconductors ». Journal of Materials Research 13, n^o 2 (février 1998) : 284–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1998.0039.

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The solvent, supercritical antisolvent technique (SAS) has been used to produce submicronic particles of yttrium acetate for the synthesis of YBCO superconductors. For this purpose, in a continuous SAS apparatus dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) as yttrium acetate solvent and supercritical carbon dioxide as antisolvent have been adopted. Experiments have been performed in the pressure range between 70 and 160 bar and for temperatures between 40 and 70 °C. Different concentrations of yttrium acetate in DMSO have also been tested. Various morphologies of yttrium acetate particles have been obtained, having mean particle diameters from 0.1 to 7 μm. At 40 °C and pressures larger than 120 bar, submicronic spherical particles of yttrium acetate of about 0.1 μm diameter and with a narrow particle size distribution have been achieved.

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Danciulescu, Valeriu, Andreea Cozea, Elena Bucur, Gheorghita Tanase et Mihai Bratu. « Concentration versus number of particles in the assessment of air pollution with particulate matters ». Romanian Journal of Ecology & ; Environmental Chemistry 4, n^o 1 (30 juin 2022) : 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21698/rjeec.2022.107.

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In this paper, an assessment study was performed regarding air pollution with particulate matters including submicron particles. The evaluation of the contamination level was performed at a textile production unit in Pascani, Romania, which produces polyester knitwear. In the study, automatic determinations of total suspended particulate matters (TSP), PM 10, PM 2.5, and PM 1 (particle with nominal diameter <10 µm, <2.5 µm, and <1 µm), and submicron particulate matters (0.25, 0.35, 0.50 and 0.70) were performed both outdoor, in the ambient air, and indoor (workplace) in the area of the knitting machines. The correlation between the mass concentrations of submicronic particles (µg/m 3) and the numerical concentrations (number of particles/m3) was studied, too, to establish the most appropriate expression of the air pollution level with particulate matter. The results of the performed tests showed a level of ambient air pollution with particulate matters that exceed the limit values in the case of PM 2.5 and PM 10, the total suspended particulates still falling within the limits established by law. Likewise, in the case of workplace air, the level of inhalable particulate matter (particles with nominal diameter <100 µm), the concentration is below the limit values. Regarding the way of expressing the concentration of air particles, in µg/m3 or in no. particles/m3 the tests indicated better representativeness of the pollution level if the concentration in µg m3 is expressed for the dimensional fractions with diameter ≥ 1 µm and in no. particles/m3 for particles with a diameter of ≤1 µm.

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Buron, M. P., M. Gougeon et A. Rousset. « Magnetic Behaviour of Submicronic Acicular Composite Particles ». Key Engineering Materials 132-136 (avril 1997) : 1420–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.132-136.1420.

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Pessey, Vincent, Rosa Garriga, Francois Weill, Bernard Chevalier, Jean Etourneau et François Cansell. « Submicronic particles synthesis by a supercritical way ». High Pressure Research 20, n^o 1-6 (mai 2001) : 289–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08957950108206176.

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Afanou, Komlavi Anani, Anne Straumfors, Asbjørn Skogstad, Ajay P. Nayak, Ida Skaar, Linda Hjeljord, Arne Tronsmo, Wijnand Eduard et Brett James Green. « Indirect Immunodetection of Fungal Fragments by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy ». Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, n^o 17 (19 juin 2015) : 5794–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00929-15.

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ABSTRACTSubmicronic fungal fragments have been observed inin vitroaerosolization experiments. The occurrence of these particles has therefore been suggested to contribute to respiratory health problems observed in mold-contaminated indoor environments. However, the role of submicronic fragments in exacerbating adverse health effects has remained unclear due to limitations associated with detection methods. In the present study, we report the development of an indirect immunodetection assay that utilizes chicken polyclonal antibodies developed against spores fromAspergillus versicolorand high-resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Immunolabeling was performed withA. versicolorfragments immobilized and fixed onto poly-l-lysine-coated polycarbonate filters. Ninety percent of submicronic fragments and 1- to 2-μm fragments, compared to 100% of >2-μm fragments generated from pure freeze-dried mycelial fragments ofA. versicolor, were positively labeled. In proof-of-concept experiments, air samples collected from moldy indoor environments were evaluated using the immunolabeling technique. Our results indicated that 13% of the total collected particles were derived from fungi. This fraction comprises 79% of the fragments that were detected by immunolabeling and 21% of the spore particles that were morphologically identified. The methods reported in this study enable the enumeration of fungal particles, including submicronic fragments, in a complex heterogeneous environmental sample.

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Andrade, Bárbara K. S. A., Rafael Sartim et Mônica L. Aguiar. « Precoating Effects in Fine Steelmaking Dust Filtration ». Atmosphere 13, n^o 10 (13 octobre 2022) : 1669. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13101669.

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Particle emissions into the atmosphere can cause extensive damage to the environment and human health. To improve the efficiency in the collection of submicronic particles, new filtration media appeared on the market due to new textile technologies and equipment, such as filter media developed with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membranes; however, these are more expensive. A filter coating technique called precoating is a more economical alternative that could enhance filtration efficiency. This paper aimed to evaluate the operational parameters of precoating for micro- and nanoparticle filtration and compare the results with those obtained from the PTFE membrane. For this purpose, filtration cycles were performed, using precoated polyester with hydrated lime and dolomitic limestone, polyester with a PTFE membrane, and steel industry ultrafine dust. The results showed that the precoated polyester had a longer cycle duration and lower pressure drop than the polyester with a PTFE membrane. Therefore, precoating was shown to be a great alternative to be used in bag filters in steel mills because it presented high collection efficiency for submicronic particles, in addition to increasing the bag lifespan with less energy expenditure.

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Contreras, Carola, Fernanda Isquierdo, Pedro Pereira-Almao et Carlos E. Scott. « Effect of Particle Size on the HDS Activity of Molybdenum Sulfide ». Journal of Nanotechnology 2016 (2016) : 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3752484.

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More than half of the total world oil reserves are heavy oil, extra heavy oil, and bitumen; however their catalytic conversion to more valuable products is challenging. The use of submicronic particles or nanoparticles of catalysts suspended in the feedstock may be a viable alternative to the conversion of heavy oils at refinery level or downhole (in situ upgrading). In the present work, molybdenum sulfide (MoS2) particles with varying diameters (10000–10 nm) were prepared using polyvinylpyrrolidone as capping agent. The prepared particles were characterized by DLS, TEM, XRD, and XPS and tested in the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of a vacuum gas oil (VGO). A correlation between particle size and activity is presented. It was found that particles with diameters around 13 nm show double the HDS activity compared with the material with micrometric particle sizes (diameter ≈ 10,000 nm).

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Hoyos, Angela, Aurélie Joubert, Ala Bouhanguel, Marc Henry, Sylvain Durécu et Laurence Le Coq. « Multiapproach Design Methodology of a Downscaled Wet Scrubber to Study the Collection of Submicronic Particles from Waste Incineration Flue Gas ». Processes 12, n^o 8 (7 août 2024) : 1655. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr12081655.

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Wet scrubbers are traditionally used as dedusting systems in waste incineration plants for wet flue gas treatment. Although these devices are not particularly performant at capturing submicron particles, which are associated with health and environmental hazards, their collection efficiency can be improved by optimizing operating conditions. This study presents the design methodology of a downscaled wet scrubber, constructed and implemented at a municipal waste incineration plant to be fed with real fumes, and to study its efficiency towards the removal of submicronic particles. The downscaled scrubber was designed to operate with flue gas at 200 °C, high humidity (1% RH), and an average total particle concentration of 200 mg/Nm3. A criterion of geometric, aerodynamic, and residence time similarities to an existing industrial scrubber was targeted. The height of the device was selected by matching the theoretical fractional particle collection efficiencies of the industrial and downscaled scrubbers. Featuring a cylindrical shape, the downscaled scrubber has a diameter of 0.3 m and a height of 2.5 m. It operates in co-current with water injected through four spray levels. Computational fluid dynamics simulations were conducted to analyze the gas flow structure within the device, and the results were validated by hot wire anemometer velocity measurements.

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Dinoi, Adelaide, Daniel Gulli, Ivano Ammoscato, Claudia R. Calidonna et Daniele Contini. « Impact of the Coronavirus Pandemic Lockdown on Atmospheric Nanoparticle Concentrations in Two Sites of Southern Italy ». Atmosphere 12, n^o 3 (8 mars 2021) : 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12030352.

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During the new coronavirus infection outbreak, the application of strict containment measures entailed a decrease in most human activities, with the consequent reduction of anthropogenic emissions into the atmosphere. In this study, the impact of lockdown on atmospheric particle number concentrations and size distributions is investigated in two different sites of Southern Italy: Lecce and Lamezia Terme, regional stations of the GAW/ACTRIS networks. The effects of restrictions are quantified by comparing submicron particle concentrations, in the size range from 10 nm to 800 nm, measured during the lockdown period and in the same period of previous years, from 2015 to 2019, considering three time intervals: prelockdown, lockdown and postlockdown. Different percentage reductions in total particle number concentrations are observed, −19% and −23% in Lecce and −7% and −4% in Lamezia Terme during lockdown and postlockdown, respectively, with several variations in each subclass of particles. From the comparison, no significant variations of meteorological factors are observed except a reduction of rainfall in 2020, which might explain the higher levels of particle concentrations measured during prelockdown at both stations. In general, the results demonstrate an improvement of air quality, more conspicuous in Lecce than in Lamezia Terme, during the lockdown, with a differed reduction in the concentration of submicronic particles that depends on the different types of sources, their distance from observational sites and local meteorology.

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Hochepied, Jean-François, et Ana Paula Almeida de Oliveira. « Room-Temperature Precipitation of Zinc Oxide Particles : Building Submicronic Particles with Nanocrystals ». Solid State Phenomena 94 (juin 2003) : 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.94.171.

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Borghesi, A., E. Bussoletti et L. Colangeli. « Physical Properties of Submicronic Carbonaceous Particles Candidate as Cosmic Dust ». International Astronomical Union Colloquium 85 (1985) : 159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100084554.

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AbstractWe present here a compendium of our laboratory measurements of the physical properties of submicronic particles made by some carbonaceous materials candidate as cosmic dust: amorphous carbon, silicon carbide. Comparison with data obtained by other authors is presented and discussed in view of astrophysical applications.

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Matutes-Aquino, José Andrés, Perla E. García, O. Ayala Valenzuela et S. García García. « Synthesis and Magnetic Properties of Submicronic Particles of Maghemite ». Materials Science Forum 302-303 (janvier 1999) : 469–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.302-303.469.

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Leccabue, F., O. Arés Muzio et J. L. Sanchez Llamazares. « Shape anisotropy effect in barium ferrite interacting submicronic particles ». Physica Status Solidi (a) 105, n^o 1 (16 janvier 1988) : 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.2211050131.

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Bowyer, S., P. Lamy, E. Dwek, B. Gustafson, M. Hanner, A. Ch Levasseur-Regourd, J. Mikhail, I. Mann, T. Mukai et T. Matsumoto. « Commission 21 : Light of the Night Sky : (Lumiere du Ciel Nocturne) ». Transactions of the International Astronomical Union 24, n^o 1 (2000) : 152–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0251107x00002807.

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It has been known that non spherical silicate particles of a size comparable to the wavelength of light, and aggregates of such particles, produce negative polarization in the backscattering region (e.g. Xing & Hanner 1997, Yanamandra-Fisher & Hanner, 1999). It has now been shown that large aggregates of small absorbing particles of fractal dimension about 2 produce a slightly negative polarization at small phase angles (Levasseur-Regourd et al., 1997). The phase-curves strongly differ from those of Mie spheroidal particles. They are likely to be due to scattering by irregular dust particles and/or fluffy aggregates of numerous submicronic absorbing particles (Levasseur-Regourd et al., 1997; Lumme et al., 1997).

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Pauletti, Alberto, Guillaume Moskowitz, Thomas Millan, Cristina Fernández-Martín, Cédric Boissière, Christel Gervais et Florence Babonneau. « Aerosol-generated mesoporous silicon oxycarbide particles ». Pure and Applied Chemistry 81, n^o 8 (24 juillet 2009) : 1449–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-08-11-06.

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Aerosol-generated mesoporous organosilica submicronic spheres have been converted into porous silicon oxycarbide (SiCO) glasses by pyrolysis at 1000 °C in an inert atmosphere. Spherical mesoporous particles obtained from acidic solutions of 1,2-bis(triethoxysilyl)ethane and Pluronic® F127 structuring agent were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N2 adsorption/desorption, and multinuclear solid-state magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR. These particles were then pyrolyzed at 1000 °C and transformed into a SiCO phase as evidenced by 29Si MAS NMR, while TEM shows preserved mesoporosity, unfortunately difficult to access owing to the presence of an outer layer of dense silica.

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Perro, Adeline, David Nguyen, Serge Ravaine, Elodie Bourgeat-Lami, Olivier Lambert, Jean-Christophe Taveau et Etienne Duguet. « Planar submicronic silica–polystyrene particles obtained by substrate-directed shaping ». Journal of Materials Chemistry 19, n^o 24 (2009) : 4225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b901901d.

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Silvert, P. « Synthesis of monodisperse submicronic gold particles by the polyol process ». Solid State Ionics 82, n^o 1-2 (15 novembre 1995) : 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2738(95)00198-f.

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Munoz, Luisa, Loïc Vanel, Olivier Sanseau, Paul Sotta, Didier Long, Laurent Guy et Ludovic Odoni. « Fatigue Behavior in Filled Natural Rubber : Study of the Mechanical Damage Dynamics ». Key Engineering Materials 488-489 (septembre 2011) : 666–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.488-489.666.

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Rupture dynamics in reinforced elastomers is a much more complex process than in pure elastomers due to the intrinsic heterogeneous mixture of a rubber matrix with filler particles at submicronic scale. In the case of natural rubber, an additional source of heterogeneity is the strain-crystallization effect. How rupture dynamics and crack path are affected by filler particles and strain-crystallization is still a matter of debate. Actually, understanding how rupture dynamics and crack path are correlated to each other is probably an important key in order to improve long time resistance of reinforced rubbers.

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Kiseleva, T. Yu, E. Uyangaa, O. V. Kostenko, P. Yu Tyapkin, I. P. Ivanenko, S. I. Zholudev, G. P. Markov et al. « STRUCTURE, MAGNETIC, AND MAGNETOCALORIC PROPERTIES OF SUBMICRONIC YTTRIUM IRON GARNET PARTICLES ». Journal of Structural Chemistry 63, n^o 1 (janvier 2022) : 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0022476622010048.

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Wegrowe, J. E., W. Wernsdorfer, L. Thomas, B. Barbara, A. Sulpice, K. Hasselbach, A. Benoit et D. Mailly. « Linear-response theory applied to the dynamics of submicronic magnetic particles ». Physical Review B 53, n^o 10 (1 mars 1996) : 6536–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.53.6536.

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Orecchioni, Anne-Marie, Cécile Duclairoir, Denis Renard et Evelyne Nakache. « Gliadin Characterization by Sans and Gliadin Nanoparticle Growth Modelization ». Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 6, n^o 9 (1 septembre 2006) : 3171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2006.455.

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Nanosized colloidal carriers can ensure a controlled and targeted therapeutic substances delivery. The original contribution of this work was to use biopolymers of vegetable source, which are an interesting alternative to synthetic polymers. The aim of this study was to prepare submicronic particles from wheat proteins: Gliadins extracted from gluten. The carrier preparation was based on the desolvatation of the macromolecules by a couple solvent/non-solvent of the proteins. In a first step, it was of interest to elucidate the gliadin macromolecular conformation in order to understand the mechanism of nanoparticle formation. The experimental work was based on SANS experiments. Because the size of the colloidal particle suspension is an important parameter to monitor, the modelization of the particle growth was thoroughly studied. Furthermore, it was observed that the determination of the solubility parameters of the proteins allowed optimization of the size of the particles. From those previous experimental results it can be concluded that there is a correlation between the protein conformation in the solvent and the size of the nanoparticles (NP).

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Mancic, Lidija, Zorica Marinkovic et Olivera Milosevic. « Kinetics of nanocrystalline phase transformations in spray pyrolysed ZnO particles ». Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B : Metallurgy 38, n^o 3-4 (2002) : 179–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jmmb0204179m.

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The thermal behavior of ZnO powder obtained by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis of nitrate solution (c=0.8mol/dm3, D0=2.695?m, Tmax=6000C, FG=1.2dm3/min) was investigated using non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC, heating rates 5, 10, 15, 20O/min). The exothermic heat effects at the temperature range from 350 to 5000C were linked to particles structural data obtained by XRD, SEM and TEM analysis. Produced particles are characterized by uniform submicronic size (D=800nm, BET=4.94m2/g), high phase purity and granular or circular ?open? surface due to the presence of primary crystallites (d= 20nm). Observed structural changes during heating of this powder were attributed to simultaneous processes of nucleation and growth of primary crystallites inside the produced particles.

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Lebdioua, Khaoula, Anne Aimable, Manuella Cerbelaud, Arnaud Videcoq et Claire Peyratout. « Influence of different surfactants on Pickering emulsions stabilized by submicronic silica particles ». Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 520 (juin 2018) : 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2018.03.019.

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Fievet, F. « A new route for the preparation of micronic and submicronic metal particles ». Solid State Ionics 26, n^o 2 (mars 1988) : 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2738(88)90082-3.

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Fabre, P., C. Quilliet, M. Veyssié, F. Nallet, D. Roux, V. Cabuil et R. Massart. « Anisotropy of the Diffusion Coefficients of Submicronic Particles Embedded in Lamellar Phases ». Europhysics Letters (EPL) 20, n^o 3 (1 octobre 1992) : 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/20/3/007.

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Borghesi, A., E. Bussoletti, L. Colangeli et C. De Blasi. « Laboratory measurements of physical properties on submicronic particles candidate as cosmic dust ». Il Nuovo Cimento C 8, n^o 4 (juillet 1985) : 345–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02507444.

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Renard, Jean-Baptiste, François Dulac, Gwenaël Berthet, Thibaut Lurton, Damien Vignelles, Fabrice Jégou, Thierry Tonnelier et al. « LOAC : a small aerosol optical counter/sizer for ground-based and balloon measurements of the size distribution and nature of atmospheric particles – Part 1 : Principle of measurements and instrument evaluation ». Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 9, n^o 4 (20 avril 2016) : 1721–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-1721-2016.

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Abstract. The study of aerosols in the troposphere and in the stratosphere is of major importance both for climate and air quality studies. Among the numerous instruments available, optical aerosol particles counters (OPCs) provide the size distribution in diameter range from about 100 nm to a few tens of µm. Most of them are very sensitive to the nature of aerosols, and this can result in significant biases in the retrieved size distribution. We describe here a new versatile optical particle/sizer counter named LOAC (Light Optical Aerosol Counter), which is light and compact enough to perform measurements not only at the surface but under all kinds of balloons in the troposphere and in the stratosphere. LOAC is an original OPC performing observations at two scattering angles. The first one is around 12°, and is almost insensitive to the refractive index of the particles; the second one is around 60° and is strongly sensitive to the refractive index of the particles. By combining measurement at the two angles, it is possible to retrieve the size distribution between 0.2 and 100 µm and to estimate the nature of the dominant particles (droplets, carbonaceous, salts and mineral particles) when the aerosol is relatively homogeneous. This typology is based on calibration charts obtained in the laboratory. The uncertainty for total concentrations measurements is ±20 % when concentrations are higher than 1 particle cm−3 (for a 10 min integration time). For lower concentrations, the uncertainty is up to about ±60 % for concentrations smaller than 10−2 particle cm−3. Also, the uncertainties in size calibration are ±0.025 µm for particles smaller than 0.6 µm, 5 % for particles in the 0.7–2 µm range, and 10 % for particles greater than 2 µm. The measurement accuracy of submicronic particles could be reduced in a strongly turbid case when concentration of particles > 3 µm exceeds a few particles cm−3. Several campaigns of cross-comparison of LOAC with other particle counting instruments and remote sensing photometers have been conducted to validate both the size distribution derived by LOAC and the retrieved particle number density. The typology of the aerosols has been validated in well-defined conditions including urban pollution, desert dust episodes, sea spray, fog, and cloud. Comparison with reference aerosol mass monitoring instruments also shows that the LOAC measurements can be successfully converted to mass concentrations.

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Renard, Jean-Baptiste, François Dulac, Gwenaël Berthet, Thibaut Lurton, Damien Vignelles, Fabrice Jégou, Thierry Tonnelier et al. « LOAC : a small aerosol optical counter/sizer for ground-based and balloon measurements of the size distribution and nature of atmospheric particles – Part 2 : First results from balloon and unmanned aerial vehicle flights ». Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 9, n^o 8 (9 août 2016) : 3673–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-3673-2016.

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Abstract. In the companion (Part I) paper, we have described and evaluated a new versatile optical particle counter/sizer named LOAC (Light Optical Aerosol Counter), based on scattering measurements at angles of 12 and 60°. That allows for some typology identification of particles (droplets, carbonaceous, salts, and mineral dust) in addition to size-segregated counting in a large diameter range from 0.2 µm up to possibly more than 100 µm depending on sampling conditions (Renard et al., 2016). Its capabilities overpass those of preceding optical particle counters (OPCs) allowing the characterization of all kind of aerosols from submicronic-sized absorbing carbonaceous particles in polluted air to very coarse particles (> 10–20 µm in diameter) in desert dust plumes or fog and clouds. LOAC's light and compact design allows measurements under all kinds of balloons, on-board unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and at ground level. We illustrate here the first LOAC airborne results obtained from a UAV and a variety of scientific balloons. The UAV was deployed in a peri-urban environment near Bordeaux in France. Balloon operations include (i) tethered balloons deployed in urban environments in Vienna (Austria) and Paris (France), (ii) pressurized balloons drifting in the lower troposphere over the western Mediterranean (during the Chemistry-Aerosol Mediterranean Experiment – ChArMEx campaigns), (iii) meteorological sounding balloons launched in the western Mediterranean region (ChArMEx) and from Aire-sur-l'Adour in south-western France (VOLTAIRE-LOAC campaign). More focus is put on measurements performed in the Mediterranean during (ChArMEx) and especially during African dust transport events to illustrate the original capability of balloon-borne LOAC to monitor in situ coarse mineral dust particles. In particular, LOAC has detected unexpected large particles in desert sand plumes.

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Renard, J. B., F. Dulac, G. Berthet, T. Lurton, D. Vignelles, F. Jégou, T. Tonnelier et al. « LOAC : a small aerosol optical counter/sizer for ground-based and balloon measurements of the size distribution and nature of atmospheric particles – Part 2 : First results from balloon and unmanned aerial vehicle flights ». Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 8, n^o 9 (28 septembre 2015) : 10057–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-8-10057-2015.

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Abstract. In the companion paper (Renard et al., 2015), we have described and evaluated a new versatile optical particle counter/sizer named LOAC (Light Optical Aerosol Counter) based on scattering measurements at angles of 12 and 60° that allows some topology identification of particles (droplets, carbonaceous, salts, and mineral dust) in addition to size segregated counting in a large diameter range from 0.2 up to possibly more than 100 μm depending on sampling conditions. Its capabilities overpass those of preceding optical particle counters (OPCs) allowing the characterization of all kind of aerosols from submicronic-sized absorbing carbonaceous particles in polluted air to very coarse particles (> 10–20 μm in diameter) in desert dust plumes or fog and clouds. LOAC's light and compact design allows measurements under all kinds of balloons, on-board unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and at ground level. We illustrate here the first LOAC airborne results obtained from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and a variety of scientific balloons. The UAV was deployed in a peri-urban environment near Bordeaux in France. Balloon operations include (i) tethered balloons deployed in urban environments in Vienna (Austria) and Paris (France), (ii) pressurized balloons drifting in the lower troposphere over the western Mediterranean (during the Chemistry-Aerosol Mediterranean Experiment – ChArMEx campaigns), (iii) meteorological sounding balloons launched in the western Mediterranean region (ChArMEx) and from Aire-sur-l'Adour in south-western France (VOLTAIRE-LOAC campaign). More focus is put on measurements performed in the Mediterranean during (ChArMEx) and especially during African dust transport events to illustrate the original capability of balloon-borne LOAC to monitor in situ coarse mineral dust particles. In particular, LOAC has detected unexpected large particles in desert sand plumes.

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Renard, J. B., F. Dulac, G. Berthet, T. Lurton, D. Vignelle, F. Jégou, T. Tonnelier et al. « LOAC : a small aerosol optical counter/sizer for ground-based and balloon measurements of the size distribution and nature of atmospheric particles – Part 2 : First results from balloon and unmanned aerial vehicle flights ». Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 8, n^o 1 (29 janvier 2015) : 1261–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-8-1261-2015.

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Abstract. In a companion (Part 1) paper (Renard et al., 2015), we have described and evaluated a new versatile optical particle counter/sizer named LOAC (Light Optical Aerosols Counter) based on scattering measurements at angles of 12 and 60°. that allows some speciation of particles (droplets, carbonaceous, salts, and mineral dust) in addition to size segregated counting in a large diameter range from 0.2 up to possibly more than 100 μm depending on sampling conditions. Its capabilities overwhelm those of preceding optical particle counters (OPCs) allowing the characterization of all kind of aerosols from submicronic-sized absorbing carbonaceous particles in polluted air to very coarse particles (> 10–20 μm in diameter) in desert dust plumes or fog and clouds. LOAC light and compact design allows measurements under all kinds of balloons, on-board unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and at ground level. We illustrate here the first LOAC airborne results obtained from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and a variety of scientific balloons. The UAV was deployed in a peri-urban environment near Bordeaux in France. Balloon operations include (i) tethered balloons deployed in urban environments in Wien (Austria) and Paris (France), (ii) pressurized balloons drifting in the lower troposphere over the western Mediterranean (during the Chemistry-Aerosol Mediterranean Experiment – ChArMEx campaigns), (iii) meteorological sounding balloons launched in the western Mediterranean region (ChArMEx) and from Aire-sur-l'Adour in south-western France (VOLTAIRE-LOAC campaign). More focus is put on measurements performed in the Mediterranean during (ChArMEx) and especially during African dust transport events to illustrate the original capability of balloon-borne LOAC to monitor in situ coarse mineral dust particles. In particular, LOAC has detected unexpected large particles in desert sand plumes.

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Parent, Philippe, Carine Laffon, Victor Trillaud, Olivier Grauby, Daniel Ferry, Alix Limoges, Tathy Missamou et Jacques Piazzola. « Physicochemical Characterization of Aerosols in the Coastal Zone : Evidence of Persistent Carbon Soot in the Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer (MABL) Background ». Atmosphere 14, n^o 2 (1 février 2023) : 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos14020291.

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Aerosol particles in coastal areas result from a complex mixing between sea-spray aerosols locally generated at the sea surface by breaking waves and a continental component issued from natural and/or anthropogenic sources. The aim of this paper is to study how the aerosols mix in the coastal marine atmosphere to evaluate the impact of the background pollution on the atmospheric aerosols. To this end, we have carried out a qualitative analysis of particulate matter sampled at two French coastal areas using a non-destructive methodology combining scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/X-ray fluorescence, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy. Our analysis shows a dominant contribution of anthropogenic aerosols through strong levels of submicronic carbon soot and sulfate particles, even observed when the aerosol is sampled during pure maritime-air mass episodes. Our results also evidence the non-mixing between sea-spray, mainly composed of coarse aerosol particles, and this anthropogenic particulate matter of smaller sizes.

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Danilaev, M. P., S. V. Drobyshev, M. A. Klabukov, V. A. Kuklin et D. A. Mironova. « Formation of a Polymer Shell of a Given Thickness on Surfaces of Submicronic Particles ». Nanobiotechnology Reports 16, n^o 2 (mars 2021) : 162–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s263516762102004x.

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Michalski, Marie-Caroline, Fran�oise Michel et Christophe Geneste. « Appearance of submicronic particles in the milk fat globule size distribution upon mechanical treatments ». Le Lait 82, n^o 2 (mars 2002) : 193–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/lait:2002004.

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Boschini, Frédéric, Rudi Cloots et Bénédicte Vertruyen. « Preparation of Spherical Submicronic Barium Zirconate particles in Highly Basic Solution below 100°C ». IOP Conference Series : Materials Science and Engineering 18, n^o 6 (29 octobre 2011) : 062007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/18/6/062007.

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Lansalot, M., M. Sabor, A. Elaissari et C. Pichot. « Elaboration of fluorescent and highly magnetic submicronic polymer particles via a stepwise heterocoagulation process ». Colloid and Polymer Science 283, n^o 12 (10 août 2005) : 1267–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00396-005-1334-1.

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Amin, N., S. Arajs et E. Matijevic. « Magnetic properties of submicronic α-Fe2O3 particles of uniform size distribution at 300 K ». Physica Status Solidi (a) 104, n^o 1 (16 novembre 1987) : K65—K68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.2211040150.

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Djuriš, Katarina, G. Branković, Z. Branković, Slavko Bernik, M. Počuča, D. Poleti et B. Antić. « Synthesis of Pure and Doped LaMnO₃ Powders from Citrate Precursors ». Materials Science Forum 555 (septembre 2007) : 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.555.237.

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In this work pure and doped LMO were prepared using modified Pechini method from lanthanum and manganese citrates. Lanthanum citrate was prepared starting from La2O3, while manganese citrate was prepared from Mn(NO3)2. Valence state of the manganese was controlled by adjusting pH value of the solution and confirmed by EPR and UV/VIS analysis. Thermal treatment conditions for preparation of LMO powders were determined from TG/DTA of dried precursors. XRD results confirmed that pure perovskite phase was successfully prepared in single LMO and Cadoped LMO. SEM and measurements of specific surface area of the powders showed the existence of large agglomerates consisting of submicronic primary particles.

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Milosevic, Olivera, Lidija Mancic, Zorica Marinkovic, Saloshi Ohara, Takehisa Fukui, Alejandro Varez et Jose Torralba. « Nanocrystalline functional materials and nanocomposites synthesis through aerosol routes ». Chemical Industry 57, n^o 6 (2003) : 262–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0306262m.

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This paper represents the results of the design of functional nanocrystalline powders and nanocomposites using chemical reactions in aerosols. The process involves ultrasonic aerosol formation (mist generators with the resonant frequencies of 800 kHz, 1.7 and 2.5 MHz) from precursor salt solutions and control over the aerosol decomposition in a high-temperature tubular flow reactor. During decomposition, the aerosol droplets undergo evaporation/drying, precipitation and thermolysis in a single-step process. Consequently, spherical, solid, agglomerate-free submicronic particles are obtained. The particle morphology, revealed as a composite structure consisting of primary crystallites smaller than 20 nm was analysed by several methods (XRD, DSC/DTA, SEM, TEM) and discussed in terms of precursor chemistry and process parameters. Following the initial attempts, a more detailed aspect of nanocrystalline particle synthesis was demonstrated for the case of nanocomposites based on ZnO-MeO (MeO=Bi Cr+), suitable for electronic applications, as well as an yttrium-aluminum base complex system, suitable for phosphorus applications. The results imply that parts of the material structure responsible for different functional behaviour appear through in situ aerosol synthesis by processes of intraparticle agglomeration, reaction and sintering in the last synthesis stage.

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Baryakhtar, Gonchar, Zhidkov et Zhydkov. « RADIATION DAMAGES AND SELF-SPUTTERING OF HIGH-RADIOACTIVE DIELECTRICS : SPONTANEOUS EMISSION OF SUBMICRONIC DUST PARTICLES ». Condensed Matter Physics 5, n^o 3 (2002) : 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.5488/cmp.5.3.449.

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Boudhan, R., A. Joubert, K. Gueraoui, S. Durécu, D. Venditti, D. T. Tran et L. Le Coq. « Pulse-Jet Bag Filter Performances for Treatment of Submicronic and Nanosized Particles from Waste Incineration ». Waste and Biomass Valorization 9, n^o 5 (18 février 2017) : 731–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12649-017-9858-4.

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Carnicer, Víctor, M. José Orts, Rodrigo Moreno et Enrique Sánchez. « Microstructure assessment of suspension plasma spraying coatings from multicomponent submicronic Y-TZP/Al2O3/SiC particles ». Ceramics International 44, n^o 11 (août 2018) : 12014–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.03.186.

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Tahir, M. S., C. Gruber, M. Siebenhofer et M. Saleem. « IMPACT OF THE DESIGN OF DISCHARGE ELECTRODE ON THE CURRENT/VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS AND THE RATE OF MIGRATION IN ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATION (ESP) ». Nucleus 46, n^o 3 (29 juin 2020) : 231–35. https://doi.org/10.71330/nucleus.46.03.951.

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Efficient removal of submicronic particles is a major challenge in off-gas purification. Due to the diverse nature of chemicals produced and the chemical nature of several air born particulates (aerosols), removal by filtration and/or dry electrostatic precipitation may cause efficiency and liability problems. Problems may arise in off-gas purification of high temperature processes like off-gases from steel mills, manufacturing of multi component composite materials, thermomechanical treatment of materials and incineration processes. Rapid changes of thermodynamic states may also cause a high rate of particle formation with limited or negligible growth in size. Wet electrostatic precipitation has found specific application in this field of off-gas purification. In principle three different types of wet electrostatic precipitators are offered on the market. The tube-type electrostatic precipitator is either operated with intermittent or continuous flushing of the collecting electrodes or it is operated with rinsing by condensation. The effect of discharge electrode design on the current/voltage characteristics with specific consideration of the effect on the corona onset field intensity is being investigated in this research project.

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Stoller, Marco, Luca Di Palma, Srikanth Vuppala, Nicola Verdone et Giorgio Vilardi. « Process Intensification Techniques for the Production of Nano- and Submicronic Particles for Food and Medical Applications ». Current Pharmaceutical Design 24, n^o 21 (15 octobre 2018) : 2329–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612824666180523125144.

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Background: Nowadays, nanoparticles are of great interest for the industry due to their numerous possible applications in several fields. Research on this topic seeks to develop many procedures to produce nanoparticles, mostly at lab scale, batch-wise and with low yield. These procedures generally do not suit industrial needs of continuous, high capacity production. Moreover, the product characteristics require targeting narrow particle size distributions and high quality, which is difficult to achieve by traditional equipment. Methods: Process intensification techniques aim to minimize plant size of continuous, high yield equipment capable to produce specific sized, high quality nanoparticles, combined with an increase in energy efficiency, safety and cost reduction. Discussion: This paper reviews some adopted Process Intensification (PI) techniques for nanoparticles synthesis processes employed in the food and pharmaceutical sector. Conclusion: By reducing the technology transfer gap, nanotechnologies may become convenient and feasible, allowing both industries to achieve the production of higher quality products with particular characteristics without sensibly increasing additional costs. This will represent in the next future a strategic key feature of industries in the global market.

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Moreau, David, François Borit, Laurent Corté et Vincent Guipont. « Cold Spray Coating of Submicronic Ceramic Particles on Poly(vinyl alcohol) in Dry and Hydrogel States ». Journal of Thermal Spray Technology 26, n^o 5 (29 mars 2017) : 958–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11666-017-0551-8.

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Gîngu, Oana, Ionela Gabriela Bucse, Nicoleta Cioatera, Elena Adriana Voinea et Petre Rotaru. « Morphological and Thermophysical Behavior of Hidroxyapatite Powders Processed by Mechanical Milling ». Advanced Engineering Forum 27 (avril 2018) : 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.27.22.

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The current research represents one section of our studies concerning the improvement of the biocompatibility related to the biocomposite materials for bone grafts application. The submicronic/nanometric hydroxyapatite stands for the progress in biocompatibility. This study highlights the wet mechanical milling process and its effects on the morphological and thermophysical properties of the hydroxyapatite powder particles (30-50µm as raw material) obtained by this method (500 nm average). The scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) facility point out the morphological and chemical compositional features of the processed powders during 10 hours in dry argon atmosphere. The thermal analysis (TA) in argon atmosphere, too, reveals the influence of the milling parameters on the thermal effects generated by the processed hydroxyapatite powders. The experimental results of our research validate some milling mechanisms reported by the literature for wet/dry mechanochemical process conditions.

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Swoboda, Ines, Monika Grote, Petra Verdino, Walter Keller, Mohan B. Singh, Nicole De Weerd, Wolfgang R. Sperr et al. « Molecular Characterization of Polygalacturonases as Grass Pollen-Specific Marker Allergens : Expulsion from Pollen via Submicronic Respirable Particles ». Journal of Immunology 172, n^o 10 (5 mai 2004) : 6490–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.172.10.6490.

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Aragón, M. J., C. Pérez-Vicente et J. L. Tirado. « Submicronic particles of manganese carbonate prepared in reverse micelles : A new electrode material for lithium-ion batteries ». Electrochemistry Communications 9, n^o 7 (juillet 2007) : 1744–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2007.03.031.

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Caruso, Matteo, Hector Verboomen et Stéphane Godet. « Deformation Induced Pearlite Transformation and Spheroidization : Effect of Alloying Additions ». Advanced Materials Research 409 (novembre 2011) : 666–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.409.666.

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The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of Cr and Al (strong ferrite formers) on the strain-induced γ-to-pearlite transformation in eutectoid steels. The microstructure evolution during the hot deformation of three eutectoid steel grades was investigated using hot torsion testing. More specifically, the steels were deformed to strain levels varying from ε = 0,5 to ε = 1,5 at their specific Ar1 temperature. Hot deformation of the undercooled austenite leads to strain-induced γ-to-pearlite transformation and to the almost instantaneous spheroidization of the formed carbides. The corresponding microstructures consist of submicronic cementite particles and ferritic grains that are 1-5 μm in size. It is shown that 1,5% Cr addition and 0,5% Al addition increase the equilibrium transformation temperature but slower significantly the kinetics of the strain-induced transformation and consequently reduce the kinetics of cementite spheroidization and of ferrite recrystallization.

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