Thèses sur le sujet « Système Lagrangien »
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Gastou-Chassaing, Marie-Isabelle. « Chaos lagrangien entre ellipses confocales : étude théorique, numérique et expérimentale ». Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL103N.
Texte intégralMaftei, Radu. « Analyse stochastique pour la simulation de particules lagrangiennes : application aux collisions de particules colloïdes ». Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR4130/document.
Texte intégralThis thesis broadly concerns colloidal particle simulation which plays an important role in understanding two-phase flows. More specifically, we track the particles inside a turbulent flow and model their dynamics as a stochastic process, their interactions as perfectly elastic collisions where the influence of the flow is modelled by a drift on the velocity term. By coupling each particle and considering their relative position and velocity, the perfectly elastic collision becomes a specular reflection condition. We put forward a time discretisation scheme for the resulting Lagrange system with specular boundary conditions and prove that the convergence rate of the weak error decreases at most linearly in the time discretisation step. The evidence is based on regularity results of the Feynman-Kac PDE and requires some regularity on the drift. We numerically experiment a series of conjectures, amongst which the weak error linearly decreasing for drifts that do not comply with the theorem conditions. We test the weak error convergence rate for a Richardson Romberg extrapolation. We finally deal with Lagrangian/Brownian approximations by considering a Lagrangian system where the velocity component behaves as a fast process. We control the weak error between the position of the Lagrangian system and an appropriately chosen uniformly elliptic diffusion process and subsequently prove a similar control by introducing a specular reflecting boundary on the Lagrangian and an appropriate reflection on the elliptic diffusion
Aghannan, Nasradine. « Contrôle de réacteur de polymérisation, observateur et invariance ». Paris, ENMP, 2003. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006598.
Texte intégralMehrenberger, Michel. « Inégalités d'observabilité et résolution adaptative de l'équation de Vlasov par éléments finis hiérarchiques ». Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR13124.
Texte intégralFrankel, Pierre. « Comportement asymptotique de systèmes dynamiques discrets et continus en Optimisation et EDP : algorithmes de minimisation proximale alternée et dynamique du deuxieme ordre à dissipation évanescente ». Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20066.
Texte intégralThe first part of this thesis is devoted to the study of the asymptotic behavior of solutions of a second order dynamic system with vanishing dissipation. The dynamic system is studied in its continuous version and in its discrete version via an algorithm.The second part is about the study of several proximal-type algorithms. We show that these algorithms converge to solutions of some minimization problems. In each case, an application is given in the area of domain decomposition for PDE's
Frankel, Pierre. « Comportement asymptotique de systèmes dynamiques discrets et continus en Optimisation et EDP : algorithmes de minimisation proximale alternée et dynamique du deuxième ordre à dissipation évanescente ». Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00637390.
Texte intégralBaudet, Vincent. « Modélisation et simulation paramétrable d'objets déformables.Application aux traitements des cancers pulmonaires ». Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00279986.
Texte intégralEn partenariat avec le Centre anticancéreux Léon Bérard de Lyon et dans le projet ETOILE, nous proposons de rechercher des modèles de simulations des objets déformables qui prendraient en considération, en plus de la géométrie issue directement de l'imagerie médicale, les paramètres physiologiques mesurés sur les patients afin de pouvoir garantir de meilleures marges d'erreur, dans le cas des tumeurs pulmonaires.
Dans cette thèse, nous avons choisi de modéliser les poumons avec des systèmes masses-ressorts qui sont généralement utilisés dans le monde de l'animation pour le réalisme et la rapidité.
Pour rendre le système précis et directement paramétré par les données mécaniques du patient, nous nous sommes inspirés des travaux de Van Gelder qui introduit un contrôle par les caractéristiques rhéologiques d'un matériaux "2D" linéaire élastique homogène isotrope.
Cependant, après vérification et étude théorique de ce modèle, il est apparut que celui-ci bien que donnant des animations réalistes était erroné.
Nous avons donc entrepris une étude lagrangienne qui nous a permis de rendre ce modèle 2D rectangulaire, puis 3D à base de brique élémentaire cubique, paramétrable.
Nous avons d'autre part déterminer la robustesse de notre système à l'aide de tests d'étirement, gonflement, fléchissement et cisaillement et par comparaison à des tests effectués sur des modèles éléments finis.
Cette thèse explique ainsi comment ce modèle paramétrable a été obtenu, et comment il pourra être relié avec les données physiologiques et dans quelle précision.
Bodrero, Alain. « Contrôle d'un champ acoustique à l'intérieur d'une cavité par des moyens passifs en régime harmonique ». Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ROUES029.
Texte intégralMADERNA, EZEQUIEL. « Symetries de systemes lagrangiens ». Lyon, École normale supérieure (sciences), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ENSL0171.
Texte intégralChen, Y.-C. « Anti-integrability in Lagrangian systems ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.597512.
Texte intégralMassart, Daniel. « Systèmes lagrangiens et fonction $\beta$ de Mather ». Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00560946.
Texte intégralYolcu, Türkay. « Parabolic systems and an underlying Lagrangian ». Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29760.
Texte intégralYolcu, Türkay. « Parabolic systems and an underlying Lagrangian ». Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29760.
Texte intégralCommittee Chair: Gangbo, Wilfrid; Committee Member: Chow, Shui-Nee; Committee Member: Harrell, Evans; Committee Member: Swiech, Andrzej; Committee Member: Yezzi, Anthony Joseph. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
Junior, Ricardo dos Santos Freire. « Instabilidade de pontos de equilíbrio de alguns sistemas lagrangeanos ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45132/tde-03102007-162259/.
Texte intégralIn this work, we study some partial inversions of the Lagrange-Dirichlet theorem, extending the results in two degrees of freedom of Garcia and Tal (2003) for some other situations in $\\mathbb^$. More precisely, one of our objectives is to show, in the context of lagrangian mechanics, that if there is a splitting of the potential energy in one part in the plane which its $k$-jet shows that it does not have a minimum in the equilibrium and there exists the $(k-1)$-jet of its gradient, and the other part in $\\mathbb^$ has a minimum in the equilibrium, then the equilibrium point is unstable. Instability of the equilibrium point is shown by proving the existence of an assymptotic trajectory to it. For this purpose, first it is proven a result for lagrangians with a specific form and, next, we show that the class of lagrangians we are interested in can be transformed into this specific form by a subtle change of spatial coordinates. Finally, we consider the extension of this results to systems with gyroscopic forces.
King, Steven David. « Lagrangian multiform structures, discrete systems and quantisation ». Thesis, University of Leeds, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/19593/.
Texte intégralYoo-Kong, Sikarin. « Calogero-Moser type systems, associated KP systems, and Lagrangian structures ». Thesis, University of Leeds, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.545724.
Texte intégralMabrouk, Mohamed. « Transformation des systèmes d'Euler-Lagrange : observabilité et systèmes discrets ». Metz, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2006/Mabrouk.Mohamed.SMZ0633.pdf.
Texte intégralReasults presented in this thesis concerns the observability and the observer of the nonlinear dynamic systems. It comprises two relatively independent parts. The first part deals with the problem of the transformation of Euler-Lagrange system in order to solve a some interesting problem such as the design of the observer, the output feedback stabilization. Initially, the study is devoted to the development the transformation of Euler-Lugrange systems. We characterize in a rigorous way a class of these systems. We end, in a simpler way, with the results proven by Spong and Bedrossian in 1992. In the second time, we contribute a share to the construction of observers and stabilization by return of exit for a class of systems of Euler-lagrange by transforming such a system into a triangular form. In the second part, we study the problem of the genericity of the strongly differential observabilitv for the controlled discrete svstems with entrv. Knowing that the state anddensity (for the Whitney topology) of the whole of the systems strongly dffirential observable when the dimension of the space of the exits is strictly higher than that of the space of the entries, and that one observes (2n + I ) successivev alues of the output, where N is the dimension of the space of the states
Röhrig, Daniel. « Lagrangian solutions to systems of real principal type ». [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=964484080.
Texte intégralLizy-Destrez, Stéphanie. « Operational scenarios optimization for resupply of crew and cargo of an International gateway Station located near the Earth-Moon-Lagrangian point-2 ». Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ESAE0034/document.
Texte intégralIn the context of future human space exploration missions in the solar system (with an horizon of 2025) and according to the roadmap proposed by ISECG (International Space Exploration Coordination Group) [1], a new step could be to maintain as an outpost, at one of the libration points of the Earth-Moon system, a space station. This would ease access to far destinations as Moon, Mars and asteroids and would allow to test some innovative technologies, before employing them for far distant human missions. One of the main challenges will be to maintain permanently, and ensure on board crew health thanks to an autonomous space medical center docked to the proposed space station, as a Space haven. Then the main problem to solve is to manage the station servitude, during deployment (modules integration) and operational phase. Challenges lie, on a global point of view, in the design of the operational scenarios and, on a local point of view, in trajectories selection, so as to minimize velocity increments (energy consumption) and transportation duration (crew safety). Which recommendations could be found out as far as trajectories optimization is concerned, that would fulfill energy consumption, transportation duration and safety criterion? What would technological hurdles be to rise for the building of such Space haven? What would be performances to aim at for critical sub-systems? Expected results of this study could point out research and development perspectives for human spaceflight missions and above all, in transportation field for long lasting missions.Thus, the thesis project, presented here, aims at from global system life-cycle decomposition, to identify by phase operational scenario and optimize resupply vehicle mission. The main steps of this project consist in:- Bibliographical survey, that covers all involved disciplines like mission analysis (Astrodynamics, Orbital mechanics, Orthography, N-Body Problem, Rendezvous…), Applied Mathematics, Optimization, Systems Engineering….- Entire system life-cycle analysis, so as to establish the entire set of scenarios for deployment and operations (nominal cases, degraded cases, contingencies…) and for all trajectories legs (Low Earth Orbit, Transfer, Rendezvous, re-entry…)- Trade-off analysis for Space Station architecture- Modeling of the mission legs trajectories- Trajectories optimizationThree main scenarios have been selected from the results of the preliminary design of the Space Station, named THOR: the Space Station deployment, the resupply cargo missions and the crew transportation. The deep analysis of those three main steps sorted out the criticality of the rendezvous strategies in the vicinity of Lagrangian points. A special effort has been set on those approach maneuvers. The optimization of those rendezvous trajectories led to consolidate performances (in term of energy and duration) of the global transfer from the Earth to the Lagrangian point neighborhood and return. Finally, recommendations have been deduced that support the Lagrangian points importance for next steps of Human Spaceflight exploration of the Solar system
Gustavsson, Martin, et Viktor Frimodig. « Virtual Prototyping and Physical Validation of an Inverted Pendulum : "Sea-Calf Bot" ». Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för informationsteknologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-27946.
Texte intégralArbetet motiveras av målet att knyta samman verklighet och modell, samt att se om det finns möjlighet att utveckla ett billigt utbildningsverktyg för utbildning i cyberfysiska system. Detta projekt har undersökt möjligheter att bygga en billig inverterad pendel med regulator samt koppla samman denna med modelleringsspråket Acumen. I Acumen skapa en modell av systemet och jämföra den med en fysisk prototyp. För att lösa dessa problem har en 3D skrivare använts för att skapa hårdvara. Arduino UNO för styrning och Raspberry Pi för att möjligöra kommunikation med Acumen över WLAN. Resultatet blev en billig inverterad pendel, som kan byggas för en kostnad runt 750 kr. Grafer från Acumen, och från data samlad från sensorer kan analyseras. Med en modell av en inverterad pendel visar resultaten att Acumen kan användas i utveckling av cyberfysiska system. Skillnader finns mellan modell och verklighet men även likheter.
Yunt, Kerim. « Impulsive optimal control of hybrid finite-dimensional Lagrangian systems / ». Zürich : ETH, 2008. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=17760.
Texte intégralVessaire, Jérémy. « Couplages particules/turbulence dans un écoulement tourbillonnaire et fortement ensemencé ». Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEN074.
Texte intégralFlows transporting particles are ubiquitous in natural processes (pyroclastic flow, formation of rain droplets in clouds) and industrial systems (combustion of fuel droplets in engine, industrial mixer, pollutants transport). In most practical situations, the carrier flow is turbulent. Due to the random and multi-scale nature of the turbulence structures and the various characteristics of the particles, the interactions between the flow and the particles are complex. In this thesis, we focus on highly seeded particle laden flows, when the couplings between the particles dynamics and the carrier flow are very strong. We investigate this situation in a turbulent von Kármán swirling flow, driven with a single disk rotating along a vertical axis and focus on addressing the following questions: how is the particle suspension affected by the turbulence and the mean flow, and how do particles modify the turbulence ?In a first stage, using optical diagnoses, we investigated weakly seeded flows with the aim to characterize the spatial distribution of re-suspended inertial particles on one hand and to explore the competition between suspension and sedimentation phenomena on the other hand. Then we studied the modification of turbulence intensity when increasing the volume fraction of particles from 0% to 20%. In highly seeded situations, the suspension becomes opaque and classical optical diagnostics cannot be used anymore. We have therefore developed and implemented indirect "multi-scale" measurements: (i) a global measurement of the mechanical power injected by the engine required to maintain the flow mean velocity (ii) a measurement of local pressure fluctuations to investigate the typical scales at which the flow is impacted by the particles. Through these measurements, we have demonstrated both, an effect of the effective density of the mixture on large scale and a significant redistribution of the fluctuations across scales, with non-trivial dependencies on particle diameter. These point towards a leading role of two important mechanisms related to a modified effective rheology of the turbulent suspension on one hand and to an inertial reinjection of energy at the scale of particles wake on the other hand. Finally, in order to confirm these trends, a first attempt to directly measure velocity fluctuations in highly seeded suspension by Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) have been made using an optical index matched solution adapted between the fluid and the particles. This opens promising perspectives for future studies
Morales, Gerard John Alva. « Estabilidade de Liapunov e derivada radial ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45132/tde-19112014-174237/.
Texte intégralWe will present a class of potential energies $\\Pi \\in C^{\\infty}(\\Omega,R)$ that are s-decidable and that admit auxiliary functions of Cetaev of the form $\\langle abla j^s\\Pi(q),q angle$, $q \\in \\Omega \\subset R^n$ which are s-resistant.
Layton, Richard A. « Analytical system dynamics / ». Thesis, Connect to this title online ; UW restricted, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7131.
Texte intégralMa, Ye, et 马烨. « Lagrangian mass transport induced by wave motions in biological systems ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/205828.
Texte intégralMatsuo, Reijiro. « LAGRANGIAN FORMULATION OF MOND ; MOND FIELD IN PERTURBED SPHERICAL SYSTEMS ». Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1278389814.
Texte intégralFoxman, Jerome Adam. « The Maslov index in Hamiltonian dynamical systems ». Thesis, University of Bristol, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326680.
Texte intégralFarah, Farah. « Etude des courbes extrémales et optimales d'un lagrangien régulier avec contraintes non holonomes ». Chambéry, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CHAMS012.
Texte intégralGiven a lagrangian on a subbundle of the tangent bundle of a manifold, classical Pontryagine's maximum principle allows us to give a good definition of extremals curves of this lagrangian. For a regular lagrangian, we study the relation between «lagrangian formalism», and «hamiltonian formalism» through a Legendre transform. We can also construct an intrinsic «pseudo-connection» in a special subbundle, which «geodesics» are exactly the extremal curves of this lagrangian. We give sufficient conditions for such extremal curve to be (locally) minimizing for a lagrangian. Finally, we apply our results in the context of «sub-pseudo-riemannian metrics»
Claewplodtook, Pana. « Optimization of nonlinear dynamic systems without Lagrange multipliers ». Ohio : Ohio University, 1996. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1178654973.
Texte intégralSchöberl, Markus. « Geometry and control of mechanical systems an Eulerian, Lagrangian and Hamiltonian approach ». Aachen Shaker, 2007. http://d-nb.info/989019306/04.
Texte intégralAguiar, Marco Aurélio Schmitz de. « An augmented lagrangian method for optimal control of continuous time dae systems ». reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2016. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/172368.
Texte intégralMade available in DSpace on 2017-01-17T03:19:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 343199.pdf: 1290696 bytes, checksum: 0f88c40a8f9faac47d27ff296a02efc6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016
Esta dissertação apresenta um algoritmo para resolver problemas de controle ótimo (OCP) de equações algébrico diferenciais (DAE) com base no método de Lagrangiano aumentado. O algoritmo relaxa as equações algébricas e resolve uma sequência de OCPs de equações diferenciais ordinárias (ODE). Os principais benefícios desta abordagem são dois. Em primeiro lugar, as variáveis de estado e as variáveis algébricas podem ter restrições limitantes, mesmo quando os métodos de solução utilizados são indiretos. Em segundo lugar, através da redução do sistema para um ODE, a representação é mais compacta e o OCP pode ser tratado por métodos computacionalmente mais eficientes. Provas matemáticas apresentadas mostram que o algoritmo converge para o valor do objetivo do OCP original e a violação da equação algébrica relaxada vai para zero. Estas propriedades são confirmadas com experimentos numéricos.
Abstract: This dissertation presents an algorithm for solving optimal control problems (OCP) of differential algebraic equations (DAE) based on the augmented Lagrangian method.The algorithm relaxes the algebraic equations and solves a sequence of OCPs of ordinary differential equations (ODE). The major benefits of this approach are twofold. First, the state and algebraic variables can be bound constrained, even when the solution methods are indirect. Second, by reducing the system to an ODE, the representation is more compact and can be handled by computationally efficient methods. Mathematical proofs are developed showing that the algorithm converges to the objective value of the original OCP and the violation of the relaxed algebraic equation goes to zero. These properties are confirmed with numerical experiments.
Helbling, Marc. « Sculpture virtuelle par système de particules ». Thesis, Rouen, INSA, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ISAM0030/document.
Texte intégral3D is emerging as a new media. Its widespread adoption requires the implementation of userfriendly tools to create and manipulate three-dimensional shapes. Current softwares heavily rely on underlying shape modeling, usually a surfacic one, and are then often counter-intuitive orlimiting. Our objective is the design of an approach alleviating those limitations and allowing the user to only focus on the process of creating forms. Drawing inspiration from the ancient use of clay,we propose to model a material in a lagrangian description. A shape is described by a particles system, where each particle represents a small fraction of the total volume of the shape. In this framework, the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics method enables to approximate physical values anywhere in space. Relying on this method, we propose a modeling of material with two levels, one level representing the topology and the other one describing local geometry of the shape.The SPH method especially enables to evaluate a density of matter. We use this property todefine an implicit surface based on the physical properties of the particles system to reproduce the continuous aspect of matter. Those virtual materials can then be manipulated locally through interactions reproducing the handling of dough in the real world or through global shape deformation. Our approach is demonstrated by several prototypes running either on typical desktop workstation or in immersive environment system
Bolle, Philippe. « Etude des solutions périodiques de certains systèmes hamiltoniens : systèmes ayant des intégrales premières non triviales. Problème du billard ». Paris 9, 1994. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1994PA090003.
Texte intégralMiller, Eric S. « Dynamic Modeling of Vapor Compression Cycle Systems ». University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1337715881.
Texte intégralBagderina, Yulia, et Nikolai Tarkhanov. « Differential invariants of a class of Lagrangian systems with two degrees of freedom ». Universität Potsdam, 2013. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2013/6312/.
Texte intégralPeng, Jifeng Dabiri John Oluseun Dabiri John Oluseun. « A Lagrangian approach to transport of momentum and biomass in aquatic biological systems / ». Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : Caltech, 2009. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-07212009-132708.
Texte intégralZisman, Simon. « Simulation of contaminant transport in groundwater systems using Eulerian-Lagrangian localized adjoint methods ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14233.
Texte intégralAsk, Olsson Jacob, et Fredrik Dehlin. « Modelling and Simulation of Conservative Dynamical Systems by Computer Algebra Assisted Lagrangian Mechanics ». Thesis, KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-210793.
Texte intégralChevva, Konda Reddy. « Practical Challenges in the Method of Controlled Lagrangians ». Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28877.
Texte intégralPh. D.
Almesallmy, Mohammed. « Experimental and analytical investigation of inertial propulsion mechanisms and motion simulation of rigid-multi-body mechanical systems / ». View online ; access limited to URI, 2006. http://0-digitalcommons.uri.edu.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/3239899.
Texte intégralSow, Cheickh Tidiane. « Utilisation du calcul formel dans la mécanique de Hamilton : modélisation et applications ». Paris 9, 1987. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1987PA090011.
Texte intégralVeeraklaew, Tawiwat. « Optimization of linear time-invariant dynamic systems without lagrange multipliers ». Ohio University / OhioLINK, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1178821882.
Texte intégralRuggiano, Elena. « Repetitive Control based on a Model Inversion : Application to a Lagrangian System ». Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
Trouver le texte intégralNolan, Peter Joseph. « Experimental and Theoretical Developments in the Application of Lagrangian Coherent Structures to Geophysical Transport ». Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/88986.
Texte intégralDoctor of Philosophy
How particles are moved by fluid flows, such as the oceanic currents and the atmospheric winds, is a problem with important implications for fields as diverse as: agriculture, aviation, human health, disaster response, and weather forecasting. Because these fluid flows tend to change over time, predicting how particles will be moved by these flows can often be challenging. Fortunately, mathematical tools exist which can reveal important geometric features in these flows. These geometric features can help us to visualize regions where particles are likely to come together or spread apart, as they are moved by the flow. In the past, these geometric features have been uncovered by using methods which look at the trajectories of particles in the flow. These methods are referred to as Lagrangian, in honor of the Italian mathematician Joseph-Louis Lagrange. Unfortunately, calculating the trajectories of particles can be a time consuming and computationally expensive process. Recently, new methods have been developed which look at how the speed of the flow changes in space. These new methods are referred to as Eulerian, in honor of the Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler. These new Eulerian methods are faster and less expensive to calculate, while still revealing important geometric features within the flow. Because these Eulerian methods are so new, there is still much that we do not know about them and their connection to the older Lagrangian methods. This dissertation will fill in some of this gap and provide a mathematical bridge between these two methodologies. This dissertation is composed of three projects. These projects represent theoretical, numerical, and experimental advances in the understanding of these new Eulerian methods and their relationship to the older Lagrangian methods. The first project explores the deep mathematical relationship that exists between Eulerian and Lagrangian diagnostic tools. It mathematically proves that some of the new Eulerian diagnostics are the limit of Lagrangian diagnostics as the trajectory’s integration times is decreased to zero. Taking advantage of this discovery, a new Eulerian diagnostic is developed, called infinitesimal-time Lagrangian coherent structures. The second project develops a technique for estimating local Eulerian diagnostics using wind speed measures from a single fixed-wing unmanned aircraft system (UAS) flying in a circular path. Using computer simulations, we show that the Eulerian diagnostics as calculated from UAS measurements provide a reasonable estimate of the true local Eulerian diagnostics. Furthermore, we show that these Eulerian diagnostics can be used to estimate the local Lagrangian diagnostics. The third project applies these Eulerian diagnostics to real-world wind speed measurements. These results are then compared to Eulerian diagnostics that were calculated from a computer simulation to look for indications of Lagrangian diagnostics.
Larrañaga, Maialen. « Dynamic control of stochastic and fluid resource-sharing systems ». Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015INPT0075/document.
Texte intégralIn this thesis we study the dynamic control of resource-sharing systems that arise in various domains: e.g. inventory management, healthcare and communication networks. We aim at efficiently allocating the available resources among competing projects according to a certain performance criteria. These type of problems have a stochastic nature and may be very complex to solve. We therefore focus on developing well-performing heuristics. In Part I, we consider the framework of Restless Bandit Problems, which is a general class of dynamic stochastic optimization problems. Relaxing the sample-path constraint in the optimization problem enables to define an index-based heuristic for the original constrained model, the so-called Whittle index policy. We derive a closed-form expression for the Whittle index as a function of the steady-state probabilities for the case in which bandits (projects) evolve in a birth-and-death fashion. This expression requires several technical conditions to be verified, and in addition, it can only be computed explicitly in specific cases. In the particular case of a multi-class abandonment queue, we further prove that the Whittle index policy is asymptotically optimal in the light-traffic and heavy-traffic regimes. In Part II, we derive heuristics by approximating the stochastic resource-sharing systems with deterministic fluid models. We first formulate a fluid version of the relaxed optimization problem introduced in Part I, and we develop a fluid index policy. The fluid index can always be computed explicitly and hence overcomes the technical issues that arise when calculating the Whittle index. We apply the Whittle index and the fluid index policies to several systems: e.g. power-aware server-farms, opportunistic scheduling in wireless systems, and make-to-stock problems with perishable items. We show numerically that both index policies are nearly optimal. Secondly, we study the optimal scheduling control for the fluid version of a multi-class abandonment queue. We derive the fluid optimal control when there are two classes of customers competing for a single resource. Based on the insights provided by this result we build a heuristic for the general multi-class setting. This heuristic shows near-optimal performance when applied to the original stochastic model for high workloads. In Part III, we further investigate the abandonment phenomena in the context of a content delivery problem. We characterize an optimal grouping policy so that requests, which are impatient, are efficiently transmitted in a multi-cast mode
Chung, Soon-Jo 1976. « Nonlinear control and synchronization of multiple Lagrangian systems with application to tethered formation flight spacecraft ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40304.
Texte intégralThis electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 217-228).
This dissertation focuses on the synchronization of multiple dynamical systems using contraction theory, with applications to cooperative control of multi-agent systems and synchronization of interconnected dynamics such as tethered formation flight. Inspired by stable combinations of biological systems, contraction nonlinear stability theory provides a systematic method to reduce arbitrarily complex systems into simpler elements. One application of oscillation synchronization is a fully decentralized nonlinear control law, which eliminates the need for any inter-satellite communications. We use contraction theory to prove that a nonlinear control law stabilizing a single-tethered spacecraft can also stabilize arbitrarily large circular arrays of tethered spacecraft, as well as a three-spacecraft inline configuration. The convergence result is global and exponential due to the nature of contraction analysis. The proposed decentralized control strategy is further extended to robust adaptive control in order to account for model uncertainties. Numerical simulations and experimental results validate the exponential stability of the tethered formation arrays by implementing a tracking control law derived from the reduced dynamics.
(cont.) This thesis also presents a new synchronization framework that can be directly applied to cooperative control of autonomous aerospace vehicles and oscillation synchronization in robotic manipulation and locomotion. We construct a dynamical network of multiple Lagrangian systems by adding diffusive couplings to otherwise freely moving or flying vehicles. The proposed tracking control law synchronizes an arbitrary number of robots into a common trajectory with global exponential convergence. The proposed control law is much simpler than earlier work in terms of both the computational load and the required signals. Furthermore, in contrast with earlier work which used simple double integrator models, the proposed method permits highly nonlinear systems and is further extended to adaptive synchronization, partial-joint coupling, and concurrent synchronization. Another contribution of the dissertation is a novel nonlinear control approach for underactuated tethered formation flight spacecraft. This is motivated by a controllability analysis that indicates that both array resizing and spin-up are fully controllable by the reaction wheels and the tether motor. This work reports the first propellant-free underactuated control results for tethered formation flight.
(cont.) We also fulfill the potential of the proposed strategy by providing a new momentum dumping method. This dissertation work has evolved based on the research philosophy of balancing theoretical work with practicality, aiming at physically intuitive algorithms that can be directly implemented in real systems. In order to validate the effectiveness of the decentralized control and estimation framework, a new suite of hardware has been designed and added to the SPHERES (Synchronize Position Hold Engage and Reorient Experimental Satellite) testbed. Such recent improvements described in this dissertation include a new tether reel mechanism, a force-torque sensor and an air-bearing carriage with a reaction wheel. This thesis also introduces a novel relative attitude estimator, in which a series of Kalman filters incorporate the gyro, force-torque sensor and ultrasound ranging measurements. The closed-loop control experiments can be viewed at ...
by Soon-Jo Chung.
Sc.D.
Cogné, L. « Simulation de systemes physiques lagrangiens : de la representation symbolique aux evaluations numeriques sequentielles et paralleles ». Rennes 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN10198.
Texte intégralGuo, Jia. « Convergence of Kernel Methods for Modeling and Estimation of Dynamical Systems ». Diss., Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101902.
Texte intégralDoctor of Philosophy
As data-driven modeling is becoming more prevalent for representing uncertain dynamical systems, concerns also arise regarding the reliability of these methods. This dissertation employs recent developments in approximation theory to provide rigorous error analysis for two certain kernel-based approaches for modeling dynamical systems. The reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS) embedding method is a non-parametric extension of the classical adaptive estimation for identifying uncertain functions in nonlinear systems. By embedding the uncertain function in a properly selected RKHS, the nonlinear state equation in Euclidean space is transformed into a linear evolution in an infinite-dimensional RKHS, where the function estimation error can be characterized directly and precisely. Pointwise convergence of the function estimate is proven over the domain that is persistently excited (PE). And a finite-dimensional approximation can be constructed within an arbitrarily small error bound. The empirical-analytical Lagrangian (EAL) model is developed to approximate the trajectory of Lagrangian systems with uncertain configuration manifold. Employing the kernel method, a penalty potential is constructed from the observation data to ``push'' the trajectory towards the actual configuration manifold. A probabilistic error bound is derived for the distance of the approximated trajectory away from the actual manifold. The error bound is proven to contain a bias term and a variance term, both of which are determined by the parameters of the kernel method.
Granados, Fernández Víctor Hugo. « Modelling and optimization of flexible manufacturing systems ». Master's thesis, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10198/7982.
Texte intégralPfister, Felix. « Contributions à la mecanique analytique des systèmes multicorps ». Lyon, INSA, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ISAL0101.
Texte intégralThis thesis addresses the general problem of analysing the dynamics of rigid-body-systems by analytical (Lagrangian) methods. The work is divided into five main chapters. The Chapters 2 (analytical kinematics) and 3 (analytical dynamics) are an attempt to vocer the growth and the state the field. Important topics, such as Jacobi' s form of Lagrange' s equations (=Jacobi/Synge equations) , Maggi and Hamel/ Boltzmann equations are discussed. Generalizing an idea of Paul Stackel, singular configurations are analysed with the help of Gauss' principle. Some new notions, such as hyper-dynamic and internally holonome are introduced. A three parametric "non-singular" description of finite spatial rotations is presented. The Chapters 4 concerns the construction of (the ordered form of) Hamel/Boltzmann equations for rooted systems. These ideas are ex~anded ta unrooted systems in Chapter 5. New systems of (quasi-) coordinates, such as indirect coordinates, Fischer's and Gylde ' coordinates are introduced and discussed in detail. The method gives considerable insight into the structure of the equations, which allows generalization of a variety of concepts such as reduced mass, augmented body and global inertia tensor. The impossibility ta construct a "gyroscopic power-station" is demonstrated. Special subchapters treat the properties of the principal body (Poincare/LeRoux theorem, Euler/Liouville equations and others) and elements of the vibrations analysis of free floating structures. Chapter 6 derives the linearized perturbation equation from the raw form of Lagrange's equations