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Articles de revues sur le sujet « Tariff on farm produce »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 4 juin 2021

Mis à jour le 29 juillet 2024

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1

HOEKMAN, BERNARD, WILL MARTIN, and AADITYA MATTOO. "Conclude Doha: it matters!" World Trade Review 9, no. 3 (June 25, 2010): 505–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474745610000297.

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AbstractThe Doha Round must be concluded not because it will produce dramatic liberalization but because it will create greater security of market access. Its conclusion would strengthen, symbolically and substantively, the WTO's valuable role in restraining protectionism. What is on the table would constrain the scope for tariff protection in all goods, ban agricultural export subsidies in the industrial countries and sharply reduce the scope for distorting domestic support – by 70% in the EU and 60% in the US. Average farm tariffs that exporters face would fall to 12% (from 14.5%) and the ta

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Putri, Aulia Isnaini, Bonar M. Sinaga, Nia Kurniawati Hidayat, and Hastuti Hastuti. "DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN TARIF IMPOR TERHADAP PASAR JAGUNG DI INDONESIA." Journal of Agriculture, Resource and Environmental Economics 1, no. 2 (October 1, 2014): 68–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jaree.v1i2.11803.

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Maize is the second largest contributor to GDP after rice in the food crops subsector in Indonesia. The domestic maize production is unable to meet the high demand. Therefore, there is a gap or imbalance between supply and demand and maize import cannot be avoided. The implementation of ASEAN Free Trade Area has reduced and eliminated tariff barriers. The objectives of the study are to: (1) identify factors that affect the supply and demand for maize, and (2) analyze the impact of changes in maize import tariff on the supply, demand, and welfare of producers and consumers of maize in Indonesia

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PUTRI, THETA DINNARWATY, WINARNO SUGENG, and FUADI RAMDANI. "Sistem Pembayaran Elektronik pada Transportasi Angkutan Kota menggunakan Rotary Encoder." MIND Journal 6, no. 1 (August 1, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/mindjournal.v6i1.1-15.

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AbstrakAngkutan kota (angkot) adalah salah satu transportasi umum yang berada di kota Bandung. Tetapi belum semua warga menggunakannya karena tarif yang diberikan pengemudi tidak sesuai jarak yang ditempuh dan menyebabkan tarif yang beragam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuat sistem pembayaran pada angkot serta menentukan tarifnya sesuai jarak yang ditempuh. Penelitian ini memodelkan sistem pembayaran menggunakan RFID, rotary encoder dan arduiono uno. Sistem yang dibuat menghasilkan output berupa tarif sesuai jarak yang ditempuh dengan menghitung jumlah putaran roda yang dihubungkan den

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Stockil, R. C., and G. F. Ortmann. "Free trade and deregulated domestic markets: Attitudes of commercial farmers in KwaZulu-Natal." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 1, no. 1 (March 31, 1998): 122–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v1i1.1872.

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This study analyses farmers' attitudes towards free trade and deregulated domestic product and input markets using a survey conducted in 1996 among 112 commercial farmers in KwaZulu-Natal. Most respondents were in favour of liberalised trade and deregulated domestic markets, but expected a decline in product prices, farm profits and land values. Logit analyses of farmers' personal and business characteristics that influence their attitudes towards free trade and deregulated domestic markets were conducted. Results indicate that improved information on risk management practices and import tarif

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Arif Rachmat, Nuqson Masykur Huda, and Sri Anita. "Predictive Analytic Klasifikasi Penentuan Tarif Sewa Bus." Jurnal Sistem Cerdas 2, no. 2 (September 1, 2019): 135–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37396/jsc.v2i2.29.

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Currently, the bus rental business has become the choice of consumers in traveling, because of the decision of flexibility and better availability. The government regulates that consumer and business owner agreements determine bus rental rates without routes. In this study intends to do clustering from the history of raw data that already exists before. Data is obtained from companies in the form of spreadsheet files originating from non-information systems. The raw data is combined and normalized, to eliminate the noise data and the data is not abnormal. The clustering results using the K-Mea

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O. E., Ogundahunsi,, Akpan, G. E., Agbaje, C. O., Oyeniyi, K, Olaoye, I. O., and Oyewusi, T. F. "Energy Audit and Alternative Energy Source for Sustainable Processing of Cassava Products in Oyo State, Nigeria." Journal of Engineering Research and Reports 26, no. 7 (July 17, 2024): 462–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i71222.

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Recently, the increase in electrical energy tariff in Nigeria coupled with the epileptic electricity supply has led to the rise in production cost and price of cassava products. In this study, an audit of the electrical energy used in three cassava processing industries (Niji farm, ATMANCorp Nigeria, and Psaltry International Limited) in Oyo state, Nigeria was carried out and biofuels as an alternative energy produced from cassava processing waste to enhance the sustainability of cassava processing are presented. The audit investigates the cost of energy consumption in producing different cass

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Li, Dailong. "The Influence of Sino-US Trade Friction on U.S. Soybean Export." BCP Business & Management 38 (March 2, 2023): 2348–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpbm.v38i.4105.

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With the increasingly close trade between China and the United States, a large number of soybeans grown in the United States were exported to the Chinese market, and the trade volume gradually increased. After decades of expansion, Sino-US agricultural trade has entered a competitive situation. And agricultural trade frictions between the two countries have intensified since 2018 when China imposed a 25 percent tariff on soybeans imported from the United States. Taking export volume of U.S. soybean as the research object, through horizontal and longitudinal comparison, supplemented by data ana

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Ivanov, Yevhen A., Diana A. Krychevska, Mariia R. Lopushanska, and Olga V. Pylypovych. "The geographical location, current state and forecasting of development of renewable energy facilities within Lviv region." Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 31, no. 1 (April 3, 2022): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/112206.

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    Ukraine, as a member of the European Energy Community, has committed itself to achieve a share of 12 % renewables in its final energy generation by 2025 and a share of at least 25 % by 2035 (including all hydropower and thermal energy capacities). In 2019, the share of renewables in electricity generation in Ukraine was only 4 %. Renewables produce 4 % of total electricity production in Lviv region. According to this indicator, the region is the leader in the Western Ukraine. The paper analyzes the geographical location and the current state of renewable energy faci

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CHO, WonYong. "The constitutional problems of rural over-representation: Focusing on the Vote-Buying Cases and Possibilitity of Reverse Discrimination against Working Class in City." Korean Constitutional Law Association 30, no. 1 (March 30, 2024): 239–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.35901/kjcl.2024.30.1.239.

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A lawmaker's realistic goal is to get elected, and to get elected, they need the votes of their constituents. However, if one person's vote is worth two votes, then that group becomes very attractive to politicians. The value of a rural vote is often twice as high as that of an urban vote. Rural areas are overrepresented in parliamentary elections. If there are 2.2 million farmers, that's 4.4 million votes for politicians. The problem of rural overrepresentation has been reduced since the 1987 system, when the difference in the value of the vote was nearly six times that of urban areas,

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Salles, Rafael S., A. C. Zambroni de Souza, and Paulo F. Ribeiro. "Energy Storage for Peak Shaving in a Microgrid in the Context of Brazilian Time-of-Use Rate." Proceedings 58, no. 1 (September 11, 2020): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wef-06913.

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The advance of the distributed generation in Brazil makes it essential to investigate the applications and transformations that the use of these new arrangements may entail. The use of non-centralized generation technologies associated with energy storage is interesting for several sectors of the energy market, even if the market is in the process of maturing these technologies. In the context of the time-of-use rate, these changes have allowed the consumer to use strategies to save energy bill costs, especially when its moment of most considerable consumption coincides with that of the highes

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Soewatoen. "ANALISIS BIAYA SATUAN METODE ACTIVITY BASED COSTING DALAM EVALUASI TARIF PELAYANAN KESEHATAN DI ERA JKN (Studi Kasus Pasien Stroke di Rumah Sakit Kristen Mojowarno)." Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Airlangga 26, no. 1 (April 29, 2016): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jeba.v26i12016.79-95.

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Mojowarno Christian Hospital is an organization that is move in health services that produce multi-product, theratio of consumption of each product is different and significant indirect costs therefore needed to determine theservice tariff calculation of unit cost in the hospital with Activity Based Costing Method. The purpose of this studywas to determine the calculation of unit costs of care and outcomes of stroke patients fare calculation using theunit cost from Activity Based Costing method hospital compared with rates prevailing at the moment and ratesINA CBGs. This type of research is a

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Ivanenko, N. P., and P. V. Tarasenko. "Cost of hydrogen production with using the share of electricity from a wind power plant in Ukraine." Problems of General Energy 2021, no. 1 (March 24, 2021): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/pge2021.01.045.

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To ensure the balance reliability of regimes of UES functioning, it was necessary to apply restrictions on generation from renewable energy sources (RES). In this regard, a number of amendments was made in 2020 to the Law of Ukraine "On the Electricity Market" dated April 13, 2017 No. 2019-VIII, which provide for reduction of the rates of the "green" tariff for renewable energy projects. CJSC NEC "Ukrenergo" predicts limitation of electricity production from renewable sources against the background of their growing capacity and falling consumption – up to 1 billion kW∙h. The total volume of el

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Muhammad Usman. "Power shortages in Pakistan Causes and Solutions." Journal of Social Sciences and Economics 1, no. 1 (December 31, 2022): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.61363/jsse.v1i1.38.

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Load shedding, sporadic power outages, or other disruptions in Pakistan's electrical supply are on the rise. The problem has major ramifications for the nation, particularly in its rural parts. Tariffs had to be raised as a result of the increasing cost of generating electricity as well as the large percentage of line losses, which resulted in losses for the corporations that produce, transmit, and distribute electricity. Power shortages have also made it difficult for the manufacturing sector to add jobs, which has greatly increased Pakistan's unemployment rate. The 42 years at a 10% yearly p

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de Gorter, Harry, David R. Just, and Qinwen Tan. "The Socially Optimal Import Tariff and Tax Credit for Ethanol with Farm Subsidies." Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 38, no. 1 (April 2009): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1068280500000198.

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We determine how the U.S. ethanol tax credit and import tariff affect the corn-ethanol-gasoline markets and how farm subsidies interact with these policies. We show how the ethanol tax credit and import tariff each uniquely affect the ethanol and gasoline prices. The ethanol import tariff alone increases the terms of trade in ethanol imports and corn exports, but decreases the terms of trade in gasoline imports and the tax costs of farm price supports. With price-contingent farm subsidies in place, the optimal tariff and tax credit will depend on the price level. When farm subsidy expenditures

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Pangestuti, Dinik Fitri Rahajeng, and Indah Purbasari. "Penentuan Tarif Layanan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut dengan Metode Activity Based Cost System." Surya Medika: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Keperawatan dan Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat 14, no. 2 (November 4, 2019): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.32504/sm.v14i2.128.

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Background: The result of the morbidity report at 2001, shown that dental and oral health in Indonesia is still become public complaint, it is around 60%, such as dental caries and periodontal disease. Dental public health effort to date has yet to be run with optimal due to various constraints, including: limitations of the power, the means of operating costs as well as social and economic conditions of society. Considering these constraints have developed a model of services in the form of a layered service (level of care) according to existing resources, in the form of Primary Health Care (

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Baita-Saavedra, Eugenio, David Cordal-Iglesias, Almudena Filgueira-Vizoso, Àlex Morató, Isabel Lamas-Galdo, Carlos Álvarez-Feal, Luis Carral, and Laura Castro-Santos. "An Economic Analysis of An Innovative Floating Offshore Wind Platform Built with Concrete: The SATH® Platform." Applied Sciences 10, no. 11 (May 26, 2020): 3678. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10113678.

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The goal of this work is to carry out an economic analysis of a novel floating offshore wind structure, of which the main material is concrete: the SATH® platform. It takes a step forward in floating marine wind energy research, in which traditional platforms are mainly composed of steel. The technique to calculate the costs of the platform and the economic parameters to decide if the farm is economically feasible are explained in the paper. This case study analyzes a possible farm of 500 MW located in Portugal and several scenarios considering different electric tariffs and capital costs (Sce

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Alekseeva, Natal'ya, Nadezhda Pimenova, and Ekaterina Markovina. "Methodological Basis for Evaluation of Efficiency of Organization of Internal and Inter-Economic Relations in Agriculture." Russian Journal of Management 11, no. 4 (December 30, 2023): 151–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2409-6024-2023-11-4-151-163.

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The methodological basis of the study of internal and inter-economic production and economic rela-tions in agriculture has been studied. You are the cooperative essence of such relationships, which is currently developing on the basis of digitalization of management. Trends in the development of in-tra-farm and inter-farm production and economic relations were noted, among which were revealed: a disproportionate decrease in the number of employees in crop production and animal husbandry, direct costs per employee, a decrease in the tariff part of wages, a discrepancy between the size of the mi

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Muhammad, Andrew, Sammy J. Neal, Terrill R. Hanson, and Keithly G. Jones. "The Impact of Catfish Imports on the U.S. Wholesale and Farm Sectors." Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 39, no. 3 (October 2010): 429–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1068280500007425.

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The primary objective of this study was to assess the impact of catfish imports and tariffs on the U.S. catfish industry, with particular focus on the U.S. International Trade Commission ruling on Vietnam in 2003. Given the importance of Vietnam to the U.S. catfish market, it was assumed that catfish import prices would increase by 35 percent if the maximum tariff was imposed on catfish from Vietnam. With the tariff, domestic catfish prices at the wholesale level would increase by $0.06 per lb, and farm prices by $0.03 per lb. Processor sales would increase by 1.66 percent. Total welfare at th

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ANDERSON, KYM, WILL MARTIN, and ERNESTO VALENZUELA. "The relative importance of global agricultural subsidies and market access." World Trade Review 5, no. 3 (October 19, 2006): 357–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474745606002916.

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The claim by global trade modelers that the potential contribution to global economic welfare of removing agricultural subsidies is less than one-tenth of that from removing agricultural tariffs puzzles many observers. To help explain that result, this paper first compares the OECD and model-based estimates of the extent of the producer distortions (leaving aside consumer distortions), and shows that 75% of total support is provided by market access barriers when account is taken of all forms of support to farmers and to agricultural processors globally, and only 19% to domestic farm subsidies

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Bywater, Angela, and Sigrid Kusch-Brandt. "Exploring Farm Anaerobic Digester Economic Viability in a Time of Policy Change in the UK." Processes 10, no. 2 (January 24, 2022): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10020212.

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The combination of a post-Brexit agricultural policy, the Global Methane Pledge announced during the last United Nations Climate Change Conference in Glasgow (COP26), and urgency of meeting climate goals means the UK has a unique opportunity to create an exemplar through recognition of the benefits of small-scale farm anaerobic digesters that valorise on-site wastes for renewable electricity and heat, cushioning agri-businesses against energy perturbations. To explore economic viability of farm-based biogas production, combinations of support levels, energy prices, capital cost, internal rate

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사동천. "Origin declaration of farm produce." Journal of hongik law review 11, no. 2 (June 2010): 455–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.16960/jhlr.11.2.201006.455.

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Yevdokimov, Yuri, Olena Chygryn, Tetyana Pimonenko, and Oleksii Lyulyov. "Biogas as an alternative energy resource for Ukrainian companies: EU experience." Innovative Marketing 14, no. 2 (July 27, 2018): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/im.14(2).2018.01.

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The paper deals with analysis of the preconditions of alternative energy market development in Ukraine. In this case study, the authors analyzed the EU experience. The results of analysis showed that the leader of the EU countries in renewable energy has already achieved the target (20%), which had been indicated. In addition, the findings showed that the share of renewable energy in gross final energy consumption has been increasing from year to year. The authors allocate that, according to the Ukrainian potential, biogas is the most perspective one among alternative resources. Moreover, resu

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Filgueira-Vizoso, Almudena, Laura Castro-Santos, David Cordal Iglesias, Félix Puime-Guillén, Isabel Lamas-Galdo, Ana Isabel García-Diez, Emre Uzunoglu, Hugo Díaz, and C. Guedes Soares. "The Technical and Economic Feasibility of the CENTEC Floating Offshore Wind Platform." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 10 (September 21, 2022): 1344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10101344.

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This paper defines a methodology for the economic feasibility analysis of a floating offshore wind farm composed of tensioned leg platforms, which are part of the EU ARCWIND research project. In this context, the phases and subphases of its life-cycle process are considered to deal with aspects such as bathymetry, characteristics of the platforms, distance from the farm to shore, distance from the farm to port and offshore wind speed. All the costs and other external parameters such as capital cost, electric tariff, interest rate, percentage of financing and corporate tax have been analysed to

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Schmitz, Andrew, Hartley Furtan, and Troy G. Schmitz. "Agricultural Policy: High Commodity and Input Prices." Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 38, no. 1 (April 2009): 18–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1068280500000162.

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Because of high commodity prices, beginning in 2006, subsidies to farmers in the United States, the European Union, and Canada have been reduced significantly. However, significant losses have been experienced by the red meat sector, along with escalating food prices. Because of rising input costs, the “farm boom” may not be as great as first thought. Ethanol made from corn and country-of-origin labeling cloud the U.S. policy scene. Higher commodity prices have caused some countries to lower tariff and non-tariff barriers, resulting in freer commodity trade worldwide. Policymakers should attem

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Roman, Monika. "Polski handel zagraniczny środkami mechanizacji rolnictwa w latach 2004-2015." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 17(32), no. 1 (March 30, 2017): 161–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/prs.2017.17.1.15.

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The aim of the article was to determine the changes in foreign trade of farm machinery in Poland in 2004-2015. The article presents the value of exports and imports of farm machinery in total, according to geographical area, as well as for selected types of agricultural machinery. The article uses secondary data from the Ministry of Finance, gathered as part of the Integrated Customs Tariff Information System. In the analyzed period, Poland was characterized by a negative balance of foreign trade. The value of imports of farm machinery increased more than threefold, while the value of exports

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Ab Rahim, Nuril Yaqin, Shahril Irwan Sulaiman, and Zulkifli Othman. "Sizing Software of a Solar Farm System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 785 (August 2015): 611–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.785.611.

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This paper presents sizing software for the design of a solar farm system. The sizing software provides few guidelines to the designer for the planning procedure before the final of optimum array configuration is decided. Some specifications that the designer may consider are the type of PV module, the type of inverter, the available space for installation, the required energy per year and also the sum of money to be allocated for the instalment. The output result of this software will be the suggestion of possible configuration of the total number of modules in series per string with the tota

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Nizam Ibrahim, Mohammad, Anuar Mohamad, Zainol Asri Abdul Sani @ Salleh, Mohd Muzafa Jumidali, and Azahar Taib. "Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis applied on commercial tariff with off-peak tariff rider: a case study." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 27, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 1176. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v27.i3.pp1176-1184.

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Commercial Tariff with Off-Peak Tariff Rider (C1 OPTR) is one type of time-based electricity tariff. The C1 OPTR charges electricity consumers with different electricity rates instead of a flat rate tariff. This paper investigates the C1 OPTR tariff adopted recently by Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Pulau Pinang (UiTMCPP) from its previous flat rate tariff. The investigation involves applying the uncertainty and sensitivity analysis to the average load factor (ALF) model of the UiTMCPP. The ALF model consists of two major factors, namely kilowatt-hour (kWh) and maximum demand (kW). The ana

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Adhikari, Deergha, S. P. Rao, and Denis Boudreau. "CAN AN IMPORT TARIFF PRODUCE A J-CURVE LIKE EFFECT?" Journal of Academy of Business and Economics 20, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18374/jabe-20-2.2.

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Lingga, Doriani, and Damiana Simanjuntak. "Entry Mode in the Presence of International Outsourcing." Studies in Business and Economics 19, no. 1 (April 1, 2024): 317–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sbe-2024-0017.

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Abstract International outsourcing affects firms’ decisions in various ways. We develop a model to analyze the entry mode behavior of a foreign firm on entering a domestic market when international outsourcing takes place. Being vertically integrated, the foreign firm can either produce in-house input or (partially) outsource it from an outside input supplier. Such practices can be widely observed in real life, in which a firm may outsource some input despite being able to produce the input by itself for various strategic advantages. Depending on its strategy of obtaining input, we consider tw

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Ssenyonga, Muyanja. "BANK CREDIT, CREDIT RISKAND FARM PRODUCE." Agro Ekonomi 11, no. 2 (November 29, 2016): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/agroekonomi.16755.

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The research investigates the determinants and impact of bank credit on output in the food crops and fisheries sub sectors; whether or not there is a significant difference in the risk on bank credit and output in the two sub sectors, and whether or not there is a relationship between risk obtaining in the two sub sectors. The results indicate the positive and significant influence of bank credit on food crops output, but a positive and insignificant influence on fisheries output, which unequivocally vindicates government intervention in credit disbursement to agriculture. The influence of ban

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Castro-Santos, Laura, Dina Silva, A. Bento, Nadia Salvação, and C. Guedes Soares. "Economic Feasibility of Wave Energy Farms in Portugal." Energies 11, no. 11 (November 14, 2018): 3149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11113149.

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This paper develops a methodology to determine the economic feasibility of implementing offshore wave energy farms on the Portuguese continental coast. This methodology follows several phases: the geographic phase, the energy phase, the economic phase, and the restrictions phase. First, in the geographic phase, the height and the period of the waves, the bathymetry, the distance from the farm to the shore, from farm to shipyard, and from farm to port, are calculated. In the energy phase the energy produced by each wave energy converter is determined, and in the economic phase, the parameters c

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ANDERSON, KYM, MARIANNE KURZWEIL, WILL MARTIN, DAMIANO SANDRI, and ERNESTO VALENZUELA. "Measuring distortions to agricultural incentives, revisited*." World Trade Review 7, no. 4 (October 2008): 675–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474745608004011.

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AbstractNotwithstanding the tariffication component of the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture, import tariffs on farm products continue to provide an incomplete indication of the extent to which agricultural producer and consumer incentives are distorted in national markets. As well, in developing countries especially, non-agricultural policies indirectly impact on agricultural and food markets. Empirical analysis aimed at monitoring distortions to agricultural incentives thus need to examine both agricultural and non-agricultural policy measures including import or export taxes, subsidies

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Hillman, Jimmye S. "Whatever Happened to the Farm Problem?" Gastronomica 11, no. 4 (2011): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2012.11.4.86.

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The “farm problem” was a phrase that appeared on the scene in the 1930s after a continued inability of the market to absorb what farmers were producing. Actually, there had always been a farm problem, mostly one of overproduction, and lack of rural employment. Short-term crises were treated with short-term remedies. Banking “panics” came and went; tariff policy was a principal worry for farmers, and land policy (the public domain) had affected farmers since the time of Thomas Jefferson. It was not until the Great Depression that the federal government intervened directly in the market place to

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Normal, I. Nyoman, and Ni Nyoman Nurani. "PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN BAKU KERAMIK BERPORI UNTUK PENAMBAHAN TARIF PELAYANAN PADA BTIKK TAHUN 2019." Forum Manajemen 18, no. 1 (July 3, 2020): 36–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.61938/fm.v18i1.388.

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The aims of this research were to: evaluate the recent ceramic raw material tariff, make the porous ceramic raw material alternative, select the porous ceramic raw material alternative, and propose the best porous ceramic raw material tariff with its financial variable as a new tariff. The research results shew that : the ceramic raw material service tariff according to Govermental Regulation Number 51 year 2018 is not enaough, because it followed by two tariff, that is : Rp 4.500,-each kg (white ceramic) and Rp 4.200,- each kg (stoneware ceramic), so the demand about glazur, castle mass, poro

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Loganathan, V. "Seventy Five Years of India’s Trade Policies With Special Reference to Agricultural Sector: An Overview." Shanlax International Journal of Economics 11, no. 4 (September 1, 2023): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/economics.v11i4.6666.

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After seventy-five years of independence, trade policies play an important role in promoting commerce and integrating India with other countries. At the time of independence, India’s commerce was limited to the British and Commonwealth members. Imports from the United Kingdom accounted for 31% of overall Indian imports. The true impetus for the process of import and export liberalisation came from the 1980s onwards, when export and import policies were developed for three years at a time.The Alexander Committee’s (1978) and Tandon Committee’s (1980) suggestions were included into the succeedin

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Whelan, Brendan, and Edwin Muchapondwa. "Enhancing consumers’ voluntary use of small-scale wind turbines to generate their own electricity in South Africa." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 22, no. 2 (May 1, 2011): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2011/v22i2a3210.

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This paper investigates whether households and small businesses can voluntarily take advantage of the South Africa’s substantial wind resources to produce their own power from small-scale wind turbines in a viable way. The viability of small-scale wind turbines used to displace electricity consumption from the grid is assessed by means of a financial analysis based on the internal rate of return method. The benefits of small-scale wind turbines output is valued at the grid power tariff which is saved rather than at the wind feed-in tariff rate. The analysis found the small-scale wind turbines

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Castro-Santos, Laura, and Almudena Filgueira-Vizoso. "A Software for Calculating the Economic Aspects of Floating Offshore Renewable Energies." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 1 (December 27, 2019): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17010218.

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The aim of this work is to develop a software to calculate the economic parameters so as to determine the feasibility of a floating offshore renewable farm in a selected location. The software can calculate the economic parameters of several types of offshore renewable energies, as follows: one renewable energy (floating offshore wind—WindFloat, tension leg platform (TLP), and spar; floating wave energy—Pelamis and AquaBuoy), hybrid offshore wind and wave systems (Wave Dragon and W2Power), and combined offshore wind and waves with different systems (independent arrays, peripherally distributed

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Bhattacharya, Aniruddha. "Implementation of GF-HOG Technique for Effective Commercial and Industrial Load Clustering and Classification for Better Demand Response." International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research 9, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 66–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.37391/ijeer.090307.

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With increased penetration of renewables since last decade has evolved measures from the regulator for robust distribution network mostly catering to residential load. With increasing future demand of commercial and industrial load (CIL) due to aspiring GDP growth and insistence of popular governments to encourage renewable use, large chunk of the CIL will be served by renewables. So increasing the robustness alone on the renewable supply side will be in vain unless effective Demand response with rationalized tariff system for CIL which is more profitable energy market than subsidized resident

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Ekahe-Joseph Abua, Ntamu. "EFFECTS OF MARKETING PROMOTION ON FARM PRODUCE IN CROSS RIVER STATE." International Journal of Advanced Research 10, no. 11 (November 30, 2022): 461–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/15690.

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Increase in sales is the heartbeat of every marketer. This is achieved very much by promotion. This study evaluated the effect of marketing promotion on farm product in Cross River State . Objectives were raised for the study which led to the raising of research questions. Organically, the following hypotheses were formulated : awareness creation has no positive impact on farm products in Cross River State social media makes no positive impact on farm products in Cross River State branded promotional gifts has no correlation with sales of farm products in Cross River State and customer loyalty

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van Vuuren, Chantelle Y. Janse, Hendrik J. Vermeulen, and Matthew Groch. "A statistical Time-Of-Use tariff based wind resource clustering approach using Self-Organizing Maps." Wind Engineering 45, no. 4 (July 6, 2021): 807–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309524x211028754.

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The optimized siting of grid-scale renewable generation is a viable technique to minimize the variable component of the electricity generation portfolio. This process, however, requires simulated meteorological datasets, and consequently, significant computational power to perform detailed studies. This is particularly true for countries with large geographic areas. Clustering is a viable data reduction technique that can be utilized to reduce the computational burden. This work proposes the use of Self-Organizing Maps to partition high-dimensional wind speed data using statistical features de

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Pinto, F. Silva, and R. Cunha Marques. "Tariff structures for water and sanitation urban households: a primer." Water Policy 17, no. 6 (April 16, 2015): 1108–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2015.188.

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Water tariffs are a powerful management tool. Indeed, they can be seen as a conceptually simple way to promote multiple, possibly conflicting, objectives. Those trade-offs cause discrepancies between stakeholders and may produce undesirable results. The residential urban domain is particularly sensible to those predicaments. To shed some light on the matter, this paper carries out a literature survey on empirical studies, with emphasis on different tariff structures. In total, 185 publications were identified concerning the importance of tariff structures in achieving specific local objectives

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Mendes, Krisley, and André Luchine. "Non-tariff barriers removal in the Brazilian coffee industry." Journal of International Trade Law and Policy 19, no. 3 (October 30, 2020): 139–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jitlp-04-2020-0027.

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Purpose This study aims to identify and classified non-tariff measures (NTMs) on Brazilian imports of robusta coffee beans, calculated a tariff-equivalent of non-tariff barriers (NTBs) and assessed the effects of removing NTBs from upstream and downstream domestic instant coffee supply chain. Design/methodology/approach The analysis uses documentary research to identify NTMs and the price-wedge method is applied to estimate a tariff-equivalent. The effects of suppressing the tariff-equivalent were evaluated using a partial equilibrium model with constant elasticity of substitution (Armington,

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Poulsen, Christine D. "Farm fresh math." Teaching Children Mathematics 18, no. 4 (November 2011): 222–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/teacchilmath.18.4.0222.

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These problems were created by a woman who lives on her family farm and observes her brother Gordon, the grandfather of Gavin, Brandon, and Cayman, work the farm as was done in the past. She sees the farm as a fun place, with many opportunities for mathematics in the daily work and at farmers' markets where farmers sell their produce.

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Anida, Noor, A. Amirah, Mardianaliza Othman, Noor Ashikin Mohd Razali, Fareq Malik, F. S. Abdullah, and A. Yusof. "Energy Meter Monitoring with Automatic Tariff Calculation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 793 (September 2015): 237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.793.237.

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Energy meter monitoring with automatic tariff calculation is a project that can produce the output from energy meter to prepare a bill of electricity. Energy meter is a device that measure the amount of electric energy consumed. In Malaysia, the meter of Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) travels for a long distance and take the reading manually to prepare the bill by visiting inside each of consumer house. This is high dependent on human forces. Sometimes the absence of consumer during billing process visiting make difficult to the meter reader to get the reader. Moreover many consumers are not sat

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Qtaishat, Tala H., Mohammad S. El-Habbab, and Dan P. Bumblauskas. "Welfare Economic Analysis of Lifting Water Subsidies for Banana Farms in Jordan." Sustainability 11, no. 18 (September 19, 2019): 5118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11185118.

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Jordan is one of the four driest countries in the world. Due to rapid population growth, water demand distinctly exceeds supply. The tariff to cover operations and maintenance (OM) and depreciation costs will be JD 0.066 per cubic meter (1 JD = 1.41 US$) if billing and collection efficiencies were able to reach 100 percent. The current charges of irrigation water in the Jordan Valley are JD 0.011/M3.This study aims at evaluating the effect of lifting the irrigation water subsidy for bananas in the Jordan Valley on the producers’ income, the consumers’ expenditure, the government’s budget, and

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Nkgadima, Kgothatso, and Chiedza L. Muchopa. "Do Import Tariff Adjustments Bolster Domestic Production? Analysis of the South African-Brazilian Poultry Market Case." Economies 10, no. 12 (December 12, 2022): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies10120318.

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The South African poultry industry plays an important food security contributory role, hence, consumer and producer interests ought to be accounted for in order to maintain the long term value of the industry in the presence of import competition. This study used the Error Correction Model (ECM) to investigate the relationship between the variables as well as the Impulse Response Model to assess the level of responsiveness of import volume and domestic production due to changes in the import tariff for the period 2010m04 to 2020m06. The ECM results with a negative ECT value of −0.53, indicate

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Slattery, WJ, AM Ridley, and SM Windsor. "Ash alkalinity of animal and plant products." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 31, no. 3 (1991): 321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9910321.

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The export of farm produce from farming systems results in the removal of excess cations over anions from the soil. This removal of bases from the soil will eventually cause an increase in the acidity of the soil. Ash alkalinity data for a range of farm products are presented in this paper and lime replacement values calculated. Of produce from mixed farming enterprises in north-eastern Victoria, hay required the greatest amount of lime (270-1260 kg CaCO3/ha.year) to replace lost alkali from the soil. By comparison, removal of cereal produce required much less lime (7-20 kg CaCO3/ha.year) to r

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Adibowo, Harmini, and Feryanto Willcharo. "DAYA SAING USAHA TERNAK SAPI PERAH RAKYAT DI KECAMATAN PUJON KABUPATEN MALANG JAWA TIMUR." Media Ekonomi 22, no. 1 (April 15, 2014): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/me.v22i1.2818.

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<em>Up to present, the dairy farmers only able to meet 25-30 percent of all milk demand in Indonesia, although milk and its derivatives continues to increase steadily. This condition occurs due to low milk productivity, small-scale dairy farm unit, inadequate government policies as well as economic globalization. The objectives of this study are, first, to measure the competitiveness of the small-scale dairy farm. Second, to evaluate the impact of government policies. Third, lastly, to analyse the implication of price changes on input-output. A Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) for data is ap

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Holt, Marilyn Irvin. "On the Farm Front with the Victory Farm Volunteers." Agricultural History 96, no. 1-2 (May 1, 2022): 164–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00021482-9619828.

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Abstract During World War II, American agriculture grappled with labor shortages while being expected to produce more for the military and the home front. Historians have studied the use of labor sources such as migrant workers and the Women's Land Army during this time, but the Victory Farm Volunteers, a program of the federal US Crop Corps, have been largely overlooked, despite the numbers of urban youth who participated. This study examines the program as it was carried out in the states of the Great Plains, particularly its relationship to 4-H and its impact on farm production goals during

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Anderson, Kym, Erwin Corong, Anna Strutt, and Ernesto Valenzuela. "The Relative Importance of Global Agricultural Subsidies and Tariffs, Revisited." World Trade Review 22, no. 3-4 (September 5, 2023): 382–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474745623000101.

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AbstractOver the past three decades, tariff protection to farmers has fallen and partly been replaced by domestic support, whilst support for farmers in some emerging economies has grown. Against that backdrop, this paper provides new estimates of national economic impacts of global agricultural tariffs and domestic supports. Using the latest global economy-wide GTAP (Global Trade Analysis Project) model calibrated to 2017, we simulate (a) the removal of food and agricultural domestic supports and agri-food tariffs and (b) the removal also of tariffs on imports of non-agricultural goods. We fi

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