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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Teenage pregnancy – South Africa – Vredendal »

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Publié le 4 juin 2021

Mis à jour le 1 février 2022

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Teenage pregnancy – South Africa – Vredendal"

Jewkes, Rachel, Caesar Vundule, Fidelia Maforah et Esmé Jordaan. « Relationship dynamics and teenage pregnancy in South Africa ». Social Science & ; Medicine 52, n^o 5 (mars 2001) : 733–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0277-9536(00)00177-5.

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Morwe, K. G., E. K. Klu et A. K. Tugli. « Teenage Pregnancy in South Africa : A Challenge to Democracy ». Journal of Social Sciences 41, n^o 3 (décembre 2014) : 481–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09718923.2014.11893383.

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Mwaba, Kelvin. « Perceptions of teenage pregnancy among South African adolescents ». Health SA Gesondheid 5, n^o 3 (24 octobre 2000) : 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/hsag.v5i3.35.

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Teenage pregnancy has been viewed as a social problem that has implications for the development and empowerment of women in South Africa. This study sought to determine the attitudes, perceptions and beliefs of a group of South African adolescents regarding teenage pregnancy. *Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.

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Mkwananzi, Sibusiso. « Teenage pregnancy in South Africa : Setting a new research agenda ». South African Review of Sociology 48, n^o 1 (2 janvier 2017) : 42–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21528586.2016.1216801.

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M. Sefoka, Isaiah, et Kola O. Odeku. « Critical Analysis of the Right to Education for Pregnant School-going Teenage Girls in South Africa ». African Journal of Gender, Society and Development (formerly Journal of Gender, Information and Development in Africa) 10, n^o 3 (1 septembre 2021) : 73–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.31920/2634-3622/2021/v10n3a4.

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Most inadvertently, teenage girls in school fall pregnant. Over recent years, South Africa has seen an exponential increase in teenage pregnancy. A significant number of pregnant teenage girls end up dropping out of school as often they are unable to cope with the huge responsibility associated with pregnancy, and some schools are not supportive of pregnant learners. However, pregnant teenage girls still have the right to education. To make it methodologically sound, this study utilized a literature review research approach, mainly sourced from google scholar search engine, to address issues relating to the legal protection of pregnant teenagers. The study found that, in schools, pregnant girls were discriminated against on different grounds, and sometimes expelled. The research presented consequences of teenage pregnancy such as, dropping out of school, loneliness, anxiety/stress, and so on. More importantly, using the jurisprudence of the South African courts, the paper accentuates that pregnant teenagers still have the right to education, and being pregnant cannot be used to deprive or deny them this fundamental human right. It prohibits discrimination in schools on the basis of pregnancy, and presents arguments for continuation of schooling, and all assistance needed to ensure that the right to education is protected at all costs, even during pregnancy.

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Amoo, Emmanuel O., Clifford O. Odimegwu et Nicole De Wet. « Teenage Pregnancy in South Africa : Where are the young men involved ? » South African Journal of Child Health 12, n^o 2b (4 septembre 2018) : 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.7196/sajch.2018.v12i2b.1523.

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Mukuna, Robert Kananga, et Peter J. O. Aloka. « INTERPRETATIVE PHENOMENOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF TEENAGE MOTHERS RESILIENCY IN OVERCOMING ADVERSITIES IN PREGNANCY AND EARLY MOTHERHOOD IN SOUTH AFRICA ». Problems of Education in the 21st Century 79, n^o 1 (10 février 2021) : 104–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pec/21.79.104.

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The phenomenon of teenage motherhood is a major concern worldwide. The teenage mothers endure many challenges that could affect their academic goals and successes if there is insufficient support. However, some teenage mothers manage to develop certain forms of flexibility to manage these adversities. This study explored the teenage mothers' resiliency in overcoming adversities in pregnancy and early motherhood at a rural high school in South Africa. Within the Interpretative Phenomenological qualitative paradigm, an exploratory case study research design was adopted. 10 participants (N=10) were selected from a rural high school district using a purposive sampling technique. The study employed semi-structured interviews to collect data. The findings demonstrated that teenage mothers were resilient to continuing and completing their schooling by adopting self-motivation and school and family support. This study suggested that the South African Department of Education should develop a training programme for teenage mothers on psychosocial adjustment mechanisms to help them cope with their situations. Keywords: interpretative phenomenological analysis, rural high school, teenage motherhood, teenage mother resiliency, teenage pregnancy

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Taylor, Myra, Champak Jinabhai, Siyabonga Dlamini, Reshma Sathiparsad, Matthijs S. Eggers et Hein De Vries. « Effects of a Teenage Pregnancy Prevention Program in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa ». Health Care for Women International 35, n^o 7-9 (19 juin 2014) : 845–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07399332.2014.910216.

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MACLEOD, CATRIONA. « Economic Security and the Social Science Literature on Teenage Pregnancy in South Africa ». Gender & ; Society 16, n^o 5 (octobre 2002) : 647–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089124302236990.

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Odimegwu, Clifford, et Sibusiso Mkwananzi. « Family structure and community connectedness : Their association with teenage pregnancy in South Africa ». Journal of Psychology in Africa 28, n^o 6 (2 novembre 2018) : 479–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2018.1544390.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Teenage pregnancy – South Africa – Vredendal"

Van, Wyk Emmerentia C. « Teenage girls' experiences of pregnancy and motherhood ». Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2007. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_2874_1233151622.

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Teenage pregnancy and motherhood is a challenging phenomenon worldwide. The goal of this study was to explore and describe the perceptions and experiencesof a sample of teenage girls about pregnancy, birth and motherhood. The objectives of the research were to engage voluntary participants in autobiographical "
life stories"
and semi structured interviews relating to the phenomenon being studied
to analyze the qualitative information and do a literature control of the findings and compare and verify and make appropriate conclusions and recommendations.

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Meel, A. « Teenage pregnancy among high school girls in Mthatha, South Africa ». Thesis, Walter Sisulu University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11260/d1006969.

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Teenage pregnancy is an important health and social problem in South Africa. Despite declining trends of fertility rates in last two decades, the pregnancy among school girls remains steadily high in South Africa. Teenage pregnancy had negative impacts on various aspects of socio-economic well being of school girls. Aim: To determine the proportion of teenage pregnancy among high school girls and to identify the possible factors that influence teenage pregnancy in Mthatha region during the year 2009. Materials & Methods: This is an observational cross sectional, analytic study of teenage pregnancy conducted among high school teenage girls in the Mthatha region of South Africa. Result: A total of 1150 teenage girls from 15 to 19 years of ages responded from seven high schools in the Mthatha region of South Africa. In total 113 (10%) of teenage high school girls were currently mothers or had previously been pregnant. The proportions of those who had ever been pregnant increased significantly with age. The risk of falling pregnant among public high school teenage girls had two times higher compared to private high school teenage girls. Condoms were the most common method of contraception whereas the oral pills were the least common in practice. About half of teenage girls who had ever been pregnant had an abortion and of this one-third had had a backstreet/illegal abortion. The frequency of substance use was significantly higher among teenage girls who had ever been pregnant. A significant correlation was found between low socio-economic status, public schools and teenage pregnancy in this study. Conclusion: Teenage pregnancy is common among high school girls from 15 to 19 years of age in the Mthatha Region, South Africa. Poor socio-economic family conditions, lack of contraceptive use, early sexual maturation, risky behaviour, lack of knowledge about sexuality and reproductive health, multiple sexual partners and substance use were the common contributing factors of teenage pregnancy.

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Sodi, Edzisani Egnes. « Qualitative reflections on teenage motherhood experiences ». Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50433.

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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University 2005
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of the current study was to undertake a phenomenological investigation on teenage motherhood and to learn how this experience forms part of the teenage mother's life. Using the snowball sampling method, five women aged between 26 and 35 years were selected to participate in the study. All the five women became mothers during their teenage years. Indepth interviews were conducted in Northern Sotho and Tshivenda depending on the language preference and fluency of the participant. The interviews were audio-taped, and later transcribed and translated. A phenomenological method of analysis was used to transform the original data into natural meaning units (NMUs) which were further interrogated so as to distil central sociological themes that were associated with the experience of teenage motherhood. Apart from the finding that the participants got pregnant when they were aged between 16 and 18, five sociological themes associated with teenage motherhood were identified. These are: • Lack of knowledge about sexual relationships contributes to teenage pregnancy and motherhood. • Early childbearing has a negative impact on the teenage mother's social relationships. • Teenage mothers tend to experience emotional problems after delivery of their babies. • Teenage motherhood has a long term disruptive effect on the teenage mother's educational and occupational opportunities. • Teenage motherhood leads to significant lifestyle changes for those who have been through the experience. In view of the above themes, sexual education both at school and at home, is suggested here as a more viable option to help minimise the risk of teenage motherhood in society. Whilst other options like abortion and the newly introduced child support grant are also available to the teenage mother, these are not considered favourable.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die huidige studie was om 'n fenomenologiese ondersoek oor tienermoederskap te doen en uit te vind hoe hierdie belewenis deel uitmaak van die tienermoeder se bestaan. Deur die sneeubaltoetsingsmetode is vyf vroue tussen die ouderdomme van 26 en 35 jaar gekies om deel te neem aan die studie. AI vyf vroue het tydens hulle tienerjare moeders geword. Diepteonderhoude is in Noord-Sotho en Venda gevoer, afhangende van die taalvoorkeur en -vlotheid van die deelnemer. Klankopnames is van die onderhoude gemaak wat later getranskribeer en vertaal is. 'n Fenomenologiese analisemetode is gebruik om die oorspronklike data na natuurlike betekeniseenhede (NMUs - natural meaning units) te herlei wat verder ondersoek is om sentrale sosiologiese temas geassosieer met die belewing van tienermoederskap te identifiseer. Behalwe vir die bevinding dat die deelnemers swanger geraak het toe hulle tussen die ouderdom van 16 en 18 jaar was, is vyf sosiologiese temas geassosieer met tienermoederskap geïdentifiseer. Hierdie temas is: • 'n Gebrek aan kennis oor seksuele verhoudings dra by tot die voorkoms van tienerswangerskappe en -moederskap. • Vroeë kinderbaring het 'n negatiewe impak op die tienermoeder se sosiale verhoudings. • Tienermoeders is geneig daartoe om emosionele probleme te ondervind na die geboortes van hulle babas. • Tienermoederskap het 'n langtermyn ontwrigtende effek op die tienermoeder se opvoedings- en werksgeleenthede. • Tienermoederskap lei tot betekenisvolle veranderinge in lewenstyl vir diegene wat die ondervinding deurgemaak het. Met inagneming van bogenoemde temas word hier voorgestel dat seksuele opvoeding beide op skool en by die huis 'n meer lewensvatbare opsie is om die risiko van tienermoederskap in die samelewing te verminder. Alhoewel ander opsies soos aborsies en die nuutingestelde toekennings van kinderonderhoud ook vir die tienermoeder beskikbaar is, word hierdie opsies nie as bevorderlik beskou nie.

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Macleod, Catriona. « Teenage pregnancy and the construction of adolescence : scientific literature in South Africa ». Sage Publications, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007876.

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The depiction of teenage pregnancy as a social problem relies on the assumption of adolescence as a separable stage of development. Utilising a Derridian framework, I analyse how the dominant construction of adolescence as a transitional stage: (1) acts as an attempt to decide the undecidable (viz. the adolescent who is neither child nor adult, but simultaneously both) – an attempt which collapses in the face of teenage pregnancy; (2) relies on the ideal adult as the endpoint of development, and (3) has effects in terms of gendered and expert/parent/adolescent power relations.

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Hadebe, Sellwyn Nhlanhla. « Factors contributing to teenage pregnancy in King Cetshwayo District Secondary Schools ». Thesis, University of Zululand, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1663.

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A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Education in fulfilment of the requirements of the Degree of Master Of Education (M.Ed.) in the Department of Comparative and Science Education at the University of Zululand, 2017
The ever-increasing rate of teenage pregnancy has become a major societal challenge, not only in South Africa, but universally. The same applies in King Cetshwayo district in KwaZulu-Natal. Teenage pregnancy has many causes, some of which are new, like the child support grant. The results of teenage pregnancy are destructive, and long-lasting. This has given the researcher an impetus to conduct this study, and investigate as to: ∙ What the factors are that contribute to teenage pregnancy in King Cetshwayo district secondary schools? ∙ Whether there is a relationship between family background and teenage pregnancy in King Cetshwayo district? ∙ What role can be played by educators in mitigating factors contributing to teenage pregnancy in King Cetshwayo district secondary schools? This investigation was pursued with the aim of attaining practical and relevant solutions to this societal menace of teenage pregnancy. The quantitative method involving the use of questionnaires was used to extract data from 125 learners and 25 educators selected to partake in the study in King Cetshwayo district secondary schools. The findings of the study based on the data collected through questionnaires revealed that: ∙ There are factors that contribute to teenage pregnancy in King Cetshwayo district secondary schools, some of which did not exist before. ∙ There is a relationship between family background and teenage pregnancy in King Cetshwayo district. ∙ Educators can play a crucial role in mitigating factors which contribute to teenage pregnancy in King Cetshwayo district secondary schools. The key recommendations which emanated from this study, amongst others, were: ∙ There is a need for fully- fledged sexuality health education to be undertaken in schools. ∙ Contraceptives must be distributed in schools and learners be advised on their use. ∙ Poverty amongst the communities must be eradicated through women’s skill development and education. ∙ Peer educator programmes in schools must be resuscitated. ∙ Sexuality health campaigns must be organised in schools. ∙ Sports and cultural activities in schools must be encouraged. ∙ In-house codes of conduct to manage learner pregnancy must be developed and implemented.
National Research Foundation (Grant Number:CPT 160 5131 64973 and 105246)

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Hendricks, Farah. « A participatory action research approach to engaging peer educators in the prevention of teenage pregnancy ». Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/16011.

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The phenomenon of teenage pregnancy among school-going youth is on the increase in South Africa, despite the existence of a number of intervention programmes. Although both curricular and co-curricular awareness programmes targeting this phenomenon are currently employed within South African schools, these programmes have patently not met with much success, since the problem remains acute. It was the question why these programmes are not succeeding in alleviating the problem that prompted my interest in undertaking this study. Based on literature that suggests that those programmes that are successful in reaching the youth are designed through participatory processes, rather than being designed by outside experts, my thesis proposes that prevention programmes that are designed and implemented by the youth for the youth may be more successful in helping them to make healthy decisions in terms of their sexual behaviour. This study attempted to engage youth in a participatory way in identifying and exploring their perceptions of teenage pregnancy and using the knowledge thus gained to design, implement and evaluate prevention strategies in their school. The study is informed by social learning theory and adopted a participatory action research (PAR) design, which is located in a critical paradigm. I purposefully recruited twenty-four youths (14 females and 10 males) to participate. The primary research question that guided this study was: “How can peer educators be engaged to create prevention strategies to reduce teenage pregnancy and its impacts?” The following sub-questions were identified from the primary research question: What do learners themselves know feel and experience with regard to the causes and effects of teenage pregnancy How might a participatory methodology help learners to create relevant and contextualised strategies for addressing teenage pregnancy? How can such strategies be implemented in a school system? What recommendations could be made for addressing teenage pregnancy in a contextualised way? The research was conducted in two cycles. In Cycle One, data was generated through two focus group discussions, led by a young researcher from the community to encourage openness and honesty. In addition through snowball sampling, six teenage mothers and two teenage fathers agreed to be interviewed individually. The same questions were asked in the two discussions and the individual interviews, namely: “What do you know, feel and think about teenage pregnancy?” In the first cycle, I responded to my first sub-research question. Interviews, drawings and focus group discussions were used to generate data. Three themes emerged from the data to provide insight into how the youth at the school perceived the phenomenon of teenage pregnancy. The findings from this cycle revealed certain tensions between what youth said they needed and what adults, such as teachers and parents, thought they needed to know. The participating teenagers regarded themselves as sexual beings, while the adults in their sphere of influence preached abstinence, moralised or merely cited the facts, without entering into any discussion of how young people could deal with social pressures and better protect themselves against unplanned pregnancy. The participating youth were clearly aware of how to prevent pregnancy, but the social barriers to using condoms or contraceptive pills were a stumbling block. They possessed knowledge of the potential consequences of risky behaviour, but this did not stop them from engaging in such behaviour. In the second cycle of the research, the participants used the findings of the first cycle to develop prevention messages and strategies to convey these messages to their peers. They used participatory visual methods to accomplish this. The findings from this cycle revealed that a peer education approach helped participants to increase maturity in sexual decision-making, had a positive effect on the learning and acquisition of new skills, and improved critical thinking relating to sexuality. The study also had a positive impact on other learners’ knowledge and the attitudes displayed by both learners and teachers, and also led to improvements in school policies related to sexuality education. It is contended that the study contributed important theoretical and methodological insights. Knowledge generated from the study could make a contribution to the field of sexuality education and how it should be approached in schools, particularly in communities facing social and economic adversity. The methodological contribution of this study provided guidelines and theory on how participatory action research and participatory methods can be implemented in schools to enable youth to influence change in their schools, not only regarding teenage pregnancy, but also other social issues.

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Chigona, Agnes. « Promoting girls' education in South Africa : with special reference to teen mothers as learners ». Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1981.

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Thesis (DTech (Education))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2007
There are many challenges to girls' education. Each and every barrier is challenging in and of itself. Teenage pregnancy/motherhood is a major cause of schooling disruption. Research shows that about 4 in every 10 girls become pregnant at least once before age 20 (McDowell, 2003). In most cases, teen pregnancy/motherhood has resulted in the discontinuation of education for the girls, leading to the loss of a sustainable future. In South Africa, girls have the right to continue schooling in public schools even after becoming mothers. In the Western Cape, the Education Department introduced the Managing Learner Pregnancy Policy (MLPP) which guarantees pregnant or mothering learners a right to remain in public schools. Despite the MLPP, teen mothers face a number of challenges as learners - they feel marginalised by the schooling system. Consequently, it is not easy for the girls to succeed with their schooling. They experience pressure from teachers, fellow learners, parents and society. In most cases, the teen mothers receive very little support and they are usually misunderstood. Society perceives teen mothers as deviants, failures and irredeemable girls who can contaminate other girls and influence them to behave immorally. Teen mothers are stigmatised. The stigma and discourses that help to construct it are the forces that impact on the schooling processes of the teen mothers. In most cases, responses of educators, parents and communities towards teen mothers are affected by beliefs, values and attitudes situated in the discourses.

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Macleod, Catriona. « Economic security and the social science literature on teenage pregnancy in South Africa ». SAGE Publications Ltd, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007871.

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Feminists have argued that the association made between teenage childbearing and long-term lower socioeconomic status hides a multitude of socially constructed inequalities. I extend this position by analysing how the association is linked in the South African literature on teenage pregnancy to economic security. I utilise Foucault’s conceptualization of the method of security. Security refers to institutions and practices that defend and maintain a national population as well as secure the economic, demographic, and social processes of that population. I analyse how the traits of the method of security are deployed with regard to teenage pregnancy; how reproductive adolescents are viewed as disrupting the production of the economic self and fracturing population control, thereby threatening economic security; and how the invocation of economic security allows for the legitimation of various regulatory practices.
Rhodes University

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Sethosa, Grace Sibongile. « Teenage pregnancies as a management issue in township schools in George ». Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/678.

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This study investigates the causes, consequences and possible solutions of teenage pregnancy. It indicates that socio-economic factors play an important role in the occurrence of teenage pregnancies. In addition the study suggests that a range of factors, including, cultural norms and individual needs, impact on the childbearing decisions of teenage females. The study demonstrates that the most important negative consequences of teenage pregnancy include dropping out of school, unemployment, single parenthood and higher levels of poverty. An important finding of the study is that policies and programmes aimed at reducing teen pregnancy rates, and eliminating the negative consequences experienced by teen mothers and their children, are unlikely to be fully effective unless they realistically address socio-economic imbalances faced by many young women in South Africa.

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James, Sindiwe Valencia. « A model for the facilitation of intergenerational reconciliation during teenage pregnancy a Xhosa perspective ». Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/458.

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Teenage pregnancy is an international phenomenon with girls falling pregnant from as early as 14 years of age. In South Africa teenage pregnancies are also on the increase (Kaiser, 2000:18; Statistica SA, 2006:5;). Teenage pregnancy may have negative effects for the teenager in that it can force the teenager to drop out of school prematurely as well as shortening her educational career which might limit future career possibilities. It also predisposes both the mother and the child to health risks. Finally, teenage pregnancy also leads to family destabilisation. Within the Xhosa communities family destabilisation becomes even more severe as it is culturally and traditionally related. Traditionally, teenage pregnancy in the Xhosa communities is stigmatized. The family suffers from embarrassment and disappointment and the effects of these experiences can manifest in outrage on the part of the parents towards the pregnant teenager resulting in non-communication with her and ultimately rejection (Boult & Cunningham, 1991:36). This results in no or minimal support from the family (Nxumalo, 1997:16). The research design and method to achieve the objective of the study was a theory-generative design based on a qualitative, phenomenological, explorative, descriptive and contextual research approach utilizing the four steps of theory generation. During the step of concept analysis, which is the first step of the process of theory generation, data was collected by means of individual interviews with the pregnant Xhosa teenagers, parents and grandparents. The interviews were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim. The sample for the study was selected purposively to ensure indepth information.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Teenage pregnancy – South Africa – Vredendal"

Monyai, Reginald Botshabeng, et Kemoneilwe Momi Metsing. « Understanding Teenage Pregnancy in the South African Context ». Dans Socio-Cultural Influences on Teenage Pregnancy and Contemporary Prevention Measures, 117–28. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-6108-8.ch007.

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This chapter will attempt to dissect the reasons behind the high prevalence of teenage pregnancy among secondary school girls in South Africa. The causes and factors responsible for teenage pregnancy are identified as psycho-social, social, and economic, including stigmatization. The chapter takes a qualitative position, where respondents are interviewed over and above the use of questionnaires. The health belief model is used as a theoretical framework to provide better insights into to why teenagers in secondary schools fall pregnant.

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Ramulumo, Mashudu Richard. « Causes and Factors Responsible for Teenage Pregnancy ». Dans Socio-Cultural Influences on Teenage Pregnancy and Contemporary Prevention Measures, 44–63. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-6108-8.ch003.

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Teenage pregnancy in South African schools poses a serious management and leadership challenge. This chapter is based on the findings of a study that was conducted in South Africa, Limpopo Province. The aim of the study was to examine causes and factors responsible for teenage pregnancy in secondary schools in the Vhembe district of Limpopo Province, South Africa. This chapter explores the consequences of teenage pregnancy. Findings reveal that poverty, lack of parental guidance, and peer pressure could be some of the causes of teenage pregnancy. The study also suggests that pregnant learners are victims of expulsion or school dropout. The study further recommends that intervention programs be developed that include training of school management teams, school governing bodies, and educators to effectively educate and manage learners who are pregnant.

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Tshishonga, Ndwakhulu Stephen. « Youth Participation and Representation in Community Governance at Cato Manor Township, Durban ». Dans Participation of Young People in Governance Processes in Africa, 268–95. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9388-1.ch013.

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This chapter deliberates on youth participation and (mis)representation in community governance structures at South African townships. Youth participation entails active participation of youth in the policymaking procedures happening and problems disturbing their lives. Youth have the opportunity to influence their community governance structures. A study found that the current generation of youth are not aligned to the community governance structures. Youth participation and representation in community governance structures such as ward committees and community policing forums (CPFs) are essential as they could help youth fight issues such as teenage pregnancy, drug use, crime, unemployment, school dropout, etc. because they spend time in socially meaningful activities such as volunteering at different community structures.

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Tyilo, Nonzukiso, et Jenny Shumba. « Guidance and Counselling Through the Teaching of Life Orientation ». Dans Addressing Multicultural Needs in School Guidance and Counseling, 277–91. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0319-5.ch013.

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The education system in South Africa is exacerbated with challenges that influence the effective teaching and learning in school, for example, discipline, substance abuse, teenage pregnancy, low self-esteem, lack of positive role models, peer pressure, poor study habits, poverty, etc. Guidance and counselling nurture learners to make informed decisions and about life and this deepens learners' self-knowledge, beliefs, interests, etc. Since the dawn of democratic government in South Africa, guidance was phased out in schools and replaced with Life Orientation (LO). LO as a compulsory subject focuses on self in relation to others and society. It addresses skills, knowledge, and values for people to adopt a healthy lifestyle, involved in solving problems and make informed decisions. The teaching LO in schools prepares and empowers learners to become responsible citizens. The chapter aims to help LO teachers to understand the key role of LO in schools, in the midst of the challenges.

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