Articles de revues : « Theories of the policy process »

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Schlager, Edella, et Christopher M. Weible. « New Theories of the Policy Process ». Policy Studies Journal 41, n^o 3 (août 2013) : 389–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/psj.12030.

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Dudley, Geoffrey, Wayne Parsons, Claudio M. Radaelli et Paul Sabatier. « Symposium : Theories of the Policy Process ». Journal of European Public Policy 7, n^o 1 (janvier 2000) : 122–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/135017600343304.

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Sabatier, Paul A. « Toward Better Theories of the Policy Process ». PS : Political Science and Politics 24, n^o 2 (juin 1991) : 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/419923.

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Sabatier, Paul A. « Toward Better Theories of the Policy Process ». PS : Political Science & ; Politics 24, n^o 02 (juin 1991) : 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096500050630.

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Weimer, David L. « Theories of and in the Policy Process ». Policy Studies Journal 36, n^o 4 (novembre 2008) : 489–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0072.2008.00280.x.

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Jongsoon Jin. « Dasan’s Suggestions for Public Policy : Based on Policy Process Theories ». Journal of Association for Korean Public Administration History ll, n^o 39 (décembre 2016) : 103–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15856/jakpah.2016..39.103.

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Ertas, Nevbahar, et Andrew N. McKnight. « Clarifying and reframing the neoliberal critique of educational policy using policy process theories ». Discourse : Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education 40, n^o 2 (4 mars 2019) : 234–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01596306.2019.1569881.

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Schlager, Edella, et William Blomquist. « A Comparison of Three Emerging Theories of the Policy Process ». Political Research Quarterly 49, n^o 3 (septembre 1996) : 651. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/449103.

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Petridou, Evangelia. « Theories of the Policy Process : Contemporary Scholarship and Future Directions ». Policy Studies Journal 42 (avril 2014) : S12—S32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/psj.12054.

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Schlager, Edella, et William Blomquist. « A Comparison of Three Emerging Theories of the Policy Process ». Political Research Quarterly 49, n^o 3 (septembre 1996) : 651–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106591299604900311.

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Allen, Linda J. « From Multiple Streams to Muddling Through : Policy Process Theories and “Field of Vision” ». Open Political Science 3, n^o 1 (5 juin 2020) : 117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/openps-2020-0010.

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AbstractContemporary policy process theories are used to explain important aspects of the policy process, including the emergence or change of policies over time. However, these theories vary notably in their composition, such as their scope of analytical space, key concepts and assumptions, models of individual decision-making, and relationships between process-relevant factors and actors. There is little guidance on which theory may be best suited for explaining particular policy outcomes or how the different elements of the theories influence their analytical power. To begin to address this gap in the literature, a comparative analysis applied four established policy process theories to explain the emergence of the same policy outcome, a set of environmental policies associated with the North American Free Trade Agreement, while varying the analytical space or “field of vision” spatially and temporally. Overall, each theory demonstrated strong explanatory power but within analytical spaces of different scales, which indicates that the dimensionality aspects aspects the analytical space of policy process theories may contribute to a convergence in shared knowledge.

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Breton, E., et E. De Leeuw. « Theories of the policy process in health promotion research : a review ». Health Promotion International 26, n^o 1 (18 août 2010) : 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daq051.

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Ruseva, Tatyana, Megan Foster, Gwen Arnold, Saba Siddiki, Abigail York, Riley Pudney et Ziqiao Chen. « Applying Policy Process Theories to Environmental Governance Research : Themes and New Directions ». Policy Studies Journal 47, S1 (23 avril 2019) : S66—S95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/psj.12317.

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Ryan∗, R. J. « The Relevance of Theories of the Policy Process to Educational Decision‐Making ». Journal of Tertiary Education Administration 7, n^o 1 (mai 1985) : 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0157603850070104.

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Nowlin, Matthew C. « Theories of the Policy Process : State of the Research and Emerging Trends ». Policy Studies Journal 39 (8 mars 2011) : 41–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0072.2010.00389_4.x.

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Newman, Janet. « Putting the ‘Policy’ back into Social Policy ». Social Policy and Society 1, n^o 4 (12 septembre 2002) : 347–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746402004098.

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This paper argues that the study of social policy can be enriched by a greater focus on the dynamics of the policy process itself. Such a focus needs to transcend the usual descriptive accounts of institutions and implementation methods. The paper draws on a range of theoretical approaches that illuminate the shaping and delivery of policy, from classic theories of power and the state to analyses of the micro-dynamics of the policy–action relationship. The paper explores the contribution of recent developments in governance theory, and assesses contemporary debates about the ‘modernisation’ of the policy process and the focus on evaluating ‘what works’ in social policy.

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Lukong, Emmanuel, et Yaro Loveline. « Curriculum Policy Implementation in Cameroon Education System Insights from Theories of Policy Change ». International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention 7, n^o 07 (16 juillet 2020) : 6028–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsshi/v7i07.04.

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This study takes as its point of departure the assumption that policy implementation is a complex process that cannot be fully understood without analysis of the complexities, tensions, conflicts, perceptions and dilemmas related to those engaged in the implementation. In curriculum, theories are used to provide explanations for practice that help to facilitate the creation and implementation of the curriculum. They also provide justifications that enable school practitioners to articulate the reasons for their actions and therefore help to assist the understanding of what has been created. Theories also criticize the outcome or that which has been created and implemented. It is therefore necessary to develop a fundamental understanding of curriculum theory by providing the tools necessary when analysing curriculum endeavours. This study has adopted four theories to provide an understanding of Educational policies in Cameroon.Itreviews the different theoretical perspectives relating to factors that impact on policy implementation and provide insights on trends in the approaches to curriculum policy implementation practices.

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WISON, CARTER A. « Policy Regimes and Policy Change ». Journal of Public Policy 20, n^o 3 (décembre 2000) : 247–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x00000842.

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The evolution of public policies in the United States has been characterized as a process involving long periods of stability followed by abrupt episodes of substantial change. In this project, we identify strands in the literature and synthesize policy theories into a policy regime model useful in explaining both stability and change. This model focuses on power arrangements, policy paradigms and organization - factors that operate to maintain long periods of stability. We demonstrate how stressors - catastrophic events, economic crises, demographic changes, shifts in modes of production, and others - impact policy regimes and create pressures for change. We argue that the process of policy regime change - the abrupt episodes of substantial change - occurs with changes in the policy paradigm, alterations in patterns of power and shifts in organizational arrangements. The old policy regime disintegrates and the new one emerges with a new policy paradigm, new patterns of power and new organizational arrangements that operate to maintain long periods of stability.

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Jenkins-Smith, Hank C. « Alternative Theories of the Policy Process : Reflections on Research Strategy for the Study of Nuclear Waste Policy ». PS : Political Science and Politics 24, n^o 2 (juin 1991) : 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/419924.

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Jenkins-Smith, Hank C. « Alternative Theories of the Policy Process : Reflections on Research Strategy for the Study of Nuclear Waste Policy ». PS : Political Science & ; Politics 24, n^o 02 (juin 1991) : 157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096500050642.

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Day, Shane. « Applications of q methodology to a variety of policy process theories and frameworks ». International Journal of Organization Theory & ; Behavior 11, n^o 2 (mars 2008) : 141–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijotb-11-02-2008-b001.

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Su, Zhiying, et Feng Feng. « Research on Policy Change Based on Policy Process Theory—A Case on “Ban E-Bike” Policy in Guangzhou ». Public Administration Research 5, n^o 1 (22 janvier 2016) : 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/par.v5n1p1.

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Policy change includes policy innovation, policy succession, policy maintenance and policy termination, which involves result-orientation and process-orientation. The former focuses on scope and direction of policy change itself, and the latter are those factors affecting policy change. Based on policy process theory, multiple streams framework describes the pre-decisive process; advocate coalition and policy network theories explain interactive process from ideas and interests of different actors. Taking “ban e-bike” policy in Guangzhou as a case, to analyze why it arrived on government agenda by multiple streams framework, and explore policy process integrated advocacy coalition with policy network theory, could explain why the policy was repeatedly prohibited, why this policy change process was from single “ban riding” to more stringent “five bans”. Results show the reasons for policy maintenance and continuation that policy is inconsistent with relevant criteria, relative closed policy community, difficult to reconcile different beliefs between support-coalition and opposition-coalition, and lack interaction among network actors for differences in resource and power.

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McFarland, Andrew S. « Interest Groups and Theories of Power in America ». British Journal of Political Science 17, n^o 2 (avril 1987) : 129–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123400004683.

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Three models of interest groups, power and political process in America are contrasted: (1) the Truman-Dahl-Lindblom pluralism of the 1960s; (2) the unfinished plural elitism of the 1970s, a theory emphasizing special-interest capture of policy systems whose most influential exponent is Lowi; (3) the ‘triadic’ model of process set forth by Wilson in The Politics of Regulation. The triadic model assumes the normality in policy systems of organized economic producers being challenged by the countervailing power of other organized interests, while state agencies act autonomously. It is argued that the triadic model is the most advanced of the three, although it still needs development. Eighteen illustrative propositions are presented in terms of triadic power. These include relationships among interest groups and state autonomy, ‘high polities’ and routine politics, and types of coalitions in policy systems. Other propositions describe links to possible cycles between triadic power and plural elitism, to corporatist decision-making, and to the ‘resource mobilization’ theory of social movements.

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Woodside, Kenneth. « Policy Instruments and the Study of Public Policy ». Canadian Journal of Political Science 19, n^o 4 (décembre 1986) : 775–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423900055141.

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AbstractOne of the most distinctive concepts for the study of public policy in Canada is that of policy or governing instruments. This article describes the origins of this literature, provides an overview of its theoretical claims, and evaluates some of these claims. It is argued, first, that the literature is too directly tied to particular theories of the state and of the policy-making process and that those ties are both unnecessary and constrain the usefulness of the concept of policy instruments. Second, the treatment of coercion as the central feature differentiating policy instruments is questioned and an alternative formulation is proposed.

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Tanner, Murray Scot. « Changing Windows on a Changing China : The Evolving “Think Tank” System and the Case of the Public Security Sector ». China Quarterly 171 (septembre 2002) : 559–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009443902000359.

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The entrepreneurial “second generation” of Chinese policy research institutes (often called think tanks) that emerged during the 1980s played a pivotal role in the policy process of reform. Since Tiananmen, China's growing commercialization is spawning a “third generation” of think tanks characterized by even more ambiguous links to sponsoring leaders and institutions, greatly expanded commercial links, greater exposure to Western theories and techniques, and the gradual emergence of wide-ranging “policy communities.” The extent of this change varies greatly across policy sectors, however. Generational change is evident in China's previously unstudied network of public security (police) think tanks. Though clearly still of the “second generation” variety, these institutes have been in the forefront of importing and incorporating more sophisticated crime-fighting techniques and less class-based and conspiratorial theories of crime and social unrest.

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ZHANG, XUN, GUIHUAN ZHENG, WEI SHANG, SHANGYING XU, XIAOGUANG YANG, KIN KEUNG LAI et SHOU-YANG WANG. « AN INTEGRATED DECISION SUPPORT FRAMEWORK FOR MACROECONOMIC POLICY MAKING BASED ON EARLY WARNING THEORIES ». International Journal of Information Technology & ; Decision Making 08, n^o 02 (juin 2009) : 335–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219622009003442.

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Macroeconomic policy making is a complex systematic process, which requires in-depth understanding of current economic situation, prediction of future economic trend, and proper policy evaluation measurements. Instruments of early warning, and policy simulation are often employed in macroeconomic policy making. However, no matter how well it is developed, any single instrument is often inadequate for policy making support, because of the gap between theories and practice. In this paper, macroeconomic early warning theories are integrated with the policy decision support concepts. Three stages are involved in the macroeconomic policy making process: monitoring, forecasting, and policy simulation. Based on this idea, an integrated alert–response framework is proposed with one corresponding module for each stage. Within this framework, not only information can be exchanged freely among these modules, but the monitoring–forecasting–simulation process can run smoothly to realize timeliness and efficient policy making support. Moreover, a knowledge base is incorporated into the framework to support the economic early warning and policy making support process. Therefore, this framework is featured in integration and a final all-round report, including current economic status, future trend prediction, policy making suggestions, external information, and expert opinions, can be generated. An implementation of this framework was developed for China's macroeconomic adjustment and has been put into practice since early 2006. A case of national economic growth analysis based on the proposed framework is given to demonstrate how the framework serves for government policy making routines.

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Blume, Stuart. « Early Warning in the Light of Theories of Technological Change ». International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 14, n^o 4 (1998) : 613–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462300011922.

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AbstractCurrent interest in early warning can be understood as a natural response to the regularity with which health service planners have been overwhelmed by new technology. Planning the rational introduction of a new technology should be facilitated by advance warning of its imminent arrival on the market. Current approaches to early warning tend to rely on the insights and expectations of scientific and clinical experts in the field in question. In this paper it is argued that such an approach fails to recognize important changes that have occurred both in the innovation process itself, and in theoretical understanding of it. With the more complex roles that governments now play, and with the increasingly articulate demands of consumers, the innovation process has become more complex. At the same time, it is now clear that the innovation process embodies a multitude of choices. Approaches to early warning must be compatible with these new perspectives.

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Lane, Jan-Erik. « The Cop21 Process from the Point of View of the Social Sciences ». Research in Economics and Management 1, n^o 2 (8 novembre 2016) : 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/rem.v1n2p123.

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<em>Thus far, all the debate about climate change in the myriad of UN conferences and special meetings has been about the application of the theories of the natural sciences to the global warming phenomena. Now, that there is a decision by the governments of the world countries to go ahead with a radical decarbonisation policy in the 21st century, the lessons from the social science theories must be taken into account. The COP21 project is a case of policy implementation, but implementation is difficult. Greenhouse Gases (GHG) like CO2:s stem from the anthropogenic sources of carbon emissions from the factors that drives not only the universe but also all social systems, viz. energy. This article spells out the energy-emissions conundrum of mankind.</em>

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Pokharel, Tej Raj. « Power Approaches to Policy-Making ». NCC Journal 4, n^o 1 (5 juillet 2019) : 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nccj.v4i1.24751.

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Society is the mixture of mass and elite group. Elite group of society remains in apex and forcefully take the space in decision making process, direct and instruct the mass as well as administrators and drag the power in their own hands. Elites manipulate mass opinion and sentiments. They rule masses of people. Elite theories introduce not only elites, but also new important subjects like power, and raise questions for example on oligarchic tendencies in democracy.

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Cullerton, Katherine, Timothy Donnet, Amanda Lee et Danielle Gallegos. « Using political science to progress public health nutrition : a systematic review ». Public Health Nutrition 19, n^o 11 (7 octobre 2015) : 2070–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980015002712.

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AbstractObjectivePoor dietary intake is the most important behavioural risk factor affecting health globally. Despite this, there has been little investment in public health nutrition policy actions. Policy process theories from the field of political science can aid understanding why policy decisions have occurred and identify how to influence ongoing or future initiatives. The present review aims to examine public health nutrition policy literature and identify whether a policy process theory has been used to analyse the process.DesignElectronic databases were searched systematically for studies examining policy making in public health nutrition in high-income, democratic countries.SettingInternational, national, state and local government jurisdictions within high-income, democratic countries.SubjectsIndividuals and organisations involved in the nutrition policy-making process.ResultsSixty-three studies met the eligibility criteria, most were conducted in the USA and a majority focused on obesity. The analysis demonstrates an accelerating trend in the number of nutrition policy papers published annually and an increase in the diversity of nutrition topics examined. The use of policy process theory was observed from 2003; however, it was utilised by only 14 % of the reviewed papers.ConclusionsThere is limited research into the nutrition policy process in high-income countries. While there has been a small increase in the use of policy process theory from 2003, an opportunity to expand its use is evident. We suggest that nutrition policy making would benefit from a pragmatic approach that ensures those trying to influence or understand the policy-making process are equipped with basic knowledge around these theories.

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De Wit, M. P. « Economic policy making for environmental problems as an interactive learning process ». South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 5, n^o 2 (30 juin 2002) : 308–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v5i2.2678.

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The foremost limitation of public policy approaches is that the context of the public policy problem is not taken into account. In the case of complex and dynamic environmental problems, such as global climate change, there is a need for a framework for approaching economic policy that takes account of the complexity and changing realities of such problems. The objective of this paper is to present a framework to approach economic policy making in a case of such complex and dynamic environmental problems. The literature on economic and public policy theories, the need for a systematic policy design process and approaches to complexity and dynamics in policy making is framework available to one where the focus is on the best learning process to facilitate economic policy making on complex and dynamic environmental problems. Based on sociological models of experiential learning, a multiple-loop learning framework (MLLF) is presented. This model illustrates the importance of orchestrated science-policy interactions through interactive learning. The opportunities and limitations of this model are discussed with reference to the debate on economic policy for global climate change.

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Anilov, Artem. « Behavioral Motives of the Payout Policy Choice : Literature Review ». Journal of Corporate Finance Research / Корпоративные Финансы | ISSN : 2073-0438 11, n^o 4 (28 décembre 2017) : 93–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/j.jcfr.2073-0438.11.4.2017.93-112.

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The question of the significance of the payout policy in terms of value creation has been in the works for over 50 years now. These endeavors have led to the establishment of some classic theories that explain the different patterns in a company’s payout policy choices such as the signaling theory, the agency costs theory, the clientele theory and the catering theory. However, the results are not always consistent among different authors, which means that these theories cannot be used universally. Results vary widely among different samples and different time periods. The classic theories assume that all agents on the market are fully rational, which is rather unrealistic since an agent’s actions cannot always be explained by financial theories. These two facts led to the development of the behavioral explanation for the payout policy choice. This approach focuses on the behavioral characteristics of managers that are responsible for the decision-making process in the company. Thus, the payout policy, according to this approach, is considered to be a function of the behavioral characteristics of managers (overconfidence, optimism, risk preferences, etc.) rather than a function of the financial variables. The main difficulty here is how to measure the behavior of managers. This particular article reviews the research that covers the classic and modern theories of payout policy. This article covers the logic of the development of different views on the payout policy. The authors cover articles that test different theories, analyze the main results and conclusions, and investigate the reasons for the development of these theories. The main focus has been on the behavioral approach, which is considered to be the most fruitful direction for future research. The authors also cover the methodology of the existing papers, the variables that measure behavioral characteristics and the results.

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Simon, M. V., et L. R. Alm. « Policy Windows and Two-Level Games : Explaining the Passage of Acid-Rain Legislation in the Clean Air Act of 1990 ». Environment and Planning C : Government and Policy 13, n^o 4 (décembre 1995) : 459–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c130459.

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Because of the transboundary nature of most environmental problems, environmental policy often lies at the intersection of domestic and international forces. Yet, because domestic and international issues are usually examined with different sets of theories and models, we tend to explain the policy process and outcome by emphasizing only one arena. Analysis of domestic policy is often dominated by process models, whereas scholars of international relations tend to apply rational models to explain state behavior. We apply Kingdon's ‘policy windows’ model of agenda setting and Brams's dynamic game theory framework to the development of acid-rain legislation enacted by the USA in the Clean Air Act of 1990. We compare the explanations of these theories with the work of other analysts, as well as with perceptions of policymakers by using data from interviews of policymaking elites in Canadian and US government, industry, and interest groups. It is demonstrated that process models and models of strategic interaction can complement each other, providing improved explanations of policy outcomes.

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Binstock, R. H., et K. C. Holden. « History of Social Security : A Collection of Historical Anecdotes or Generalizable Theories About Policy Process ? » Gerontologist 34, n^o 5 (1 octobre 1994) : 711–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/34.5.711.

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Kitschelt, Herbert. « Four theories of public policy making and fast breeder reactor development ». International Organization 40, n^o 1 (1986) : 65–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818300004483.

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The recent revival of the discipline of political economy challenges purely economic explanations of economic growth, technological innovation, and sectoral change. This approach recognizes that political actors, institutions, and strategies to organize the economic process together shape the economic development of industrial societies. Whereas economists have emphasized determinants of growth such as savings and investment rates, degrees of domestic and international competition in an industry, or the supply of labor, the new political economists view the political definition of property rights, the nature of state intervention in the economy, the resources of politically mobilized groups, and political actors' belief systems as critical determinants of economic transformations. Both economists and political economists, however, share the assumption that actors are rational; they pursue their interests in a calculated manner within a given system of institutional constraints.

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Bychkova, O. « The Public and Decision-making Process : Who and Why Needs Citizen Participation ? » Voprosy Ekonomiki, n^o 6 (20 juin 2014) : 63–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2014-6-63-80.

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The participation of the public in the decision-making and policy discussion is expected to allow the officials to re-valuate the proposed decisions, save money on their implementation and restore public trust in government. However, from the point of view of bureaucrats, direct participation is often unproductive: you are required to spend work time and energy on discussions with non-experts and have no means to predict the effectiveness and efficiency of these debates. The article considers theories and empirical studies that can explain a new fashion trend of openness and transparency in world’s public policy and problems with its implementation. The article also evaluates the applicability of republican tradition to modern policy-making and analyzes alternative mode of public involvement. Keywords : public policy, rule-making, open government, transparency, public participation.

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Saidova, Sayyora. « INTERPRETATION OF THE RELIGIOUS FACTOR IN MODERN POLITICAL THEORIES ». INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONSENSUS 3, n^o 1 (30 mars 2020) : 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-0788-2020-3-10.

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In the Middle East, the processes for leadership among religious and democratic progress in North Africa require that the state pursue secular policy on a scientific and dialectical basis. Because religious beliefs have become so ingrained in secular life that it is difficult to separate them. Because in the traditions and customs of the people, in various ceremonies, there is a secular as well as a religious aspect. Even the former Soviet Constitution, based on atheism, could not separate them. Religious faith has lived in the human heart despite external prohibitions. National independence has given freedom to religious belief, which is now breathing freely in the barrel. The religious policy of our state strengthens and expands this process and guarantees it constitutionally.

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Edmondson, Jacqueline. « Policymaking in education : Understanding influences on the Reading Excellence Act. » education policy analysis archives 13 (3 février 2005) : 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v13n11.2005.

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Educators and researchers are being called to participate in language and literacy policy making (Roller & Long, 2001). In order to do so, however, there needs to be an understanding of how policy is made. Although policymaking often appears to be an irrational process, there are theories that exist to explain the influences and mechanisms that work to shape policies. In what follows, I adapt Theodoulou and Cahn's (1995) typology on policymaking in order to discuss how policy is made. These theories of policy making are explored within the context of the Reading Excellence Act to demonstrate how policymaking is read and explained. Given the limitations of these explanations, particularly the sense that there may be no explicit role for educators in such a process, an alternate theory of policymaking, critical pluralism, is proposed. This alternate typology suggests different roles for educators in relation to policymaking.

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Schlosberg, David. « Climate Justice and Capabilities : A Framework for Adaptation Policy ». Ethics & ; International Affairs 26, n^o 4 (2012) : 445–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0892679412000615.

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This article lays out a capabilities and justice-based approach to the development of adaptation policy. While many theories of climate justice remain focused on ideal theories for global mitigation, the argument here is for a turn to just adaptation, using a capabilities framework to encompass vulnerability, social recognition, and public participation in policy responses. This article argues for a broadly defined capabilities approach to climate justice, combining a recognition of the vulnerability of basic needs with a process for public involvement. Such an approach can be used to engage stakeholders with varied perceptions of what is at risk, and to develop priorities for adaptation policy. It addresses both individual and community-level vulnerabilities, and acknowledges that the conditions of justice depend on a functioning, even if shifting, environment.

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Sanni, Saliyou, Jennifer P. Wisdom, Olalekan A. Ayo-Yusuf et Charles Hongoro. « Multi-Sectoral Approach to Noncommunicable Disease Prevention Policy in Sub-Saharan Africa : A Conceptual Framework for Analysis ». International Journal of Health Services 49, n^o 2 (10 mai 2018) : 371–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020731418774203.

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Conceptual frameworks for health policy analysis guide investigations into interactions between institutions, interests, and ideas to identify how to improve policy decisions and outcomes. This review assessed constructs from current frameworks and theories of health policy analysis to (1) develop a preliminary synthesis of findings from selected frameworks and theories; (2) analyze relationships between elements of those frameworks and theories to construct an overarching framework for health policy analysis; and then, (3) apply that overarching framework to analyze tobacco control policies in Togo and in South Africa. This Comprehensive Framework for Multi-Sectoral Approach to Health Policy Analysis has 4 main constructs: context, content, stakeholders, and strategies. When applied to analyze tobacco control policy processes in Togo and in South Africa, it identified a shared goal in both countries to have a policy content that is compliant with the provisions of international tobacco treaties and differences in strategic interactions between institutions (e.g., tobacco industry, government structures) and in the political context of tobacco control policy process. These findings highlight the need for context-specific political mapping identifying the interests of all stakeholders and strategies for interaction between health and other sectors when planning policy formulation or implementation.

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Halladay, Peter Mark, et Charlene Harrington. « Scandals of abuse : policy responses in intellectual disabilities ». International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 35, n^o 1/2 (9 mars 2015) : 107–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-12-2013-0117.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to compare two scandals related to the care of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD) in the USA and the UK. Design/methodology/approach – A descriptive case study methodology was used to conduct an in-depth qualitative analysis of the two scandals to examine the process of scandal development, and to survey the policy response against policy trends and theories of abuse in each case. The two cases were systematically analysed against a theoretical framework derived from Bonnie and Wallace (2003) theoretical framework for understanding abuse based on its sociocultural context, the social embeddedness of organisations providing care, and the individual level characteristics and interactions of subjects and carers. Findings – In both cases the process of scandal construction was comparable, and each case offered confirmatory support to extant theories of abuse, and to wider policy trends within I/DD. Research limitations/implications – The study examines only the short-term policy responses to the scandals in two countries, based on published material only. Originality/value – This paper contributes an international comparison of the similarities and differences in the social construction of scandal and the policy responses to abuse and neglect of a vulnerable population using systematic analytical frameworks.

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Ingle, William Kyle, Lora Cohen-Vogel et Roxanne Hughes. « The Public Policy Process among Southeastern States : Elaborating Theories of Regional Adoption and Hold-Out Behavior ». Policy Studies Journal 35, n^o 4 (19 décembre 2007) : 607–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0072.2007.00239.x.

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Kern, Florian, et Karoline S. Rogge. « Harnessing theories of the policy process for analysing the politics of sustainability transitions : A critical survey ». Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions 27 (juin 2018) : 102–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eist.2017.11.001.

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Laouer, Radhoine. « Supervisory board process : Evidence from French public hospitals ». Health Services Management Research 31, n^o 3 (25 juin 2018) : 163–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0951484818780767.

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We mobilize theories of corporate governance and the theory of the social psychology of decision-making small groups to understand the operational process of the public hospital supervisory board. More precisely, we empirically test the mediation relationship of the decision-making process (effort norms, use of knowledge and skills, and conflict cognitive) between its structure (size, the composition, and diversity) and the performance of its roles (strategy, control, and service). A total of 320 questionnaires coming from members of the French public hospital supervisory board were collected. The aggregation of these individual answers generates a sample of 159 public hospital supervisory boards. The results of the tests of the assumptions of the research model confirm the fact that the structure of the supervisory board does not influence the performance of its roles. However, supervisory board effort norms positively affect the performance of its roles positively. Only effort norms and the use of knowledge and the skills partially play the role of mediator between the supervisory board structure and the performance of its roles. Practical and theoretical implications are exposed in the discussion.

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Ahmad, Fahad, et Jeffrey Monaghan. « Mapping Criminological Engagements Within Radicalization Studies ». British Journal of Criminology 59, n^o 6 (8 avril 2019) : 1288–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azz023.

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AbstractRadicalization theories positing a process towards violence are de rigueur in policy circles yet solicit mixed reactions within the academy. Attempting to build a more robust theory of radicalization, scholars have turned towards criminology. On the basis of a survey of literature where radicalization engages criminology, this article maps theories taken up to advance knowledge of radicalization as a process towards terrorist violence. The mapping exercise demonstrates a growing spectrum of criminological theories referenced by radicalization studies; however, these engagements have been selective: tending towards individualistic theories with limited (but recent) engagements with constructivist and structural theory. Contributing to critical interventions within the accelerating domains of theorizing radicalization to violence, we conclude that these engagements lack some of criminology’s broader reflexivity about its object of study.

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Andraka-Christou, Barbara. « Policy process lessons from the Orphan Drug Act : applications for health policy advocates ». Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy 4, n^o 3 (2 novembre 2015) : 278–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jepp-12-2013-0052.

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Purpose – The Orphan Drug Act has provided the pharmaceutical industry with incentives to research and develop drugs for orphan diseases: rare diseases with little profit potential. It is considered very successful legislation by legal scholars, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and orphan drug activists. The policy process of the Act provides an important model of the policy process for future incentive-based pharmaceutical legislation. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the important incentives of the Act and the historical events leading up to the Act. The paper applies three different theoretical models of the public policy process to understand the emergence of the Orphan Drug Act: Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Model, the Advocacy Coalition Framework, and Social Constructionism Theory. The paper then synthesizes the public policy process lessons from each perspective and provides four recommendations for other social activists seeking to propel incentive-based pharmaceutical legislation for under-researched diseases. Design/methodology/approach – The author analyzes the history of the Orphan Drug Act based on publicly available scholarly research, government documents, and interest group publications. The author then applies three public policy theories to the history of the Orphan Drug Act to explain the emergence of the Act and to extract policy process lessons for future disease activists. Findings – Regardless of which theoretical perspective the Orphan Drug Act is analyzed from, some common themes of the policy process emerge. First, focussing events are instrumental in capturing the public’s sympathy and Congress’s attention. Second, in its activities and proposed legislation, a coalition should provide a role for all relevant and important actors. Third, the target groups of the legislation were construed positively, increasing the pressure for Congressmen to pass some kind of bill. Finally, the proper construction of “the problem” is instrumental to passing effective legislation as a “solution.” Originality/value – The Orphan Drug Act is widely considered successful incentive-based pharmaceutical legislation. However, because it was originally passed in 1983 and has not had public attention since the early 1990s (when it was amended), it has rarely been written about in recent years. However, its lessons are still highly relevant to policy activists, especially disease activists. Furthermore, existing articles focus on the impact of the legislation and ways to amend it, rather than on the passage of the Act.

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Rizzo, Fulvio. « Investigating Health Promotion in the Light of Theories of the Policy Process : The Perceptions of Finnish Practitioners ». International Journal of Social Science Research 6, n^o 1 (19 mars 2018) : 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijssr.v6i1.12279.

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As a new form of health governance, health promotion still lacks a distinctive institutional structure. Thus, it is important to engage it more with social science in order to explain goals, perceptions, and events among a variety of stakeholders. This manuscript investigates health promotion approaches, structures, and implementations by a qualitative study undertaken in the region of South Savo, Finland, with practitioners from the public, private and third sectors. The analysis reveals that health promotion appears to be a random result of the conflicting interests, motives and struggles of different people and institutions in different areas of policy making. The effectiveness of health promotion could be improved both by increasing the skills of practitioners involved with such policy field, and by further developing the comprehensiveness and inclusiveness of accessible services. A better integration of the health information of private individuals and specific population groups is also desirable.

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Smith, Adrian. « Policy Networks and Advocacy Coalitions : Explaining Policy Change and Stability in UK Industrial Pollution Policy ? » Environment and Planning C : Government and Policy 18, n^o 1 (février 2000) : 95–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c9810j.

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Policy network analysis (PNA) and the advocacy coalition framework (ACF) are relatively recent additions to the toolbox of policy analysis. The author explores the strengths and limitations of each through comparative application. The two frameworks are used to analyse policy change and stability in the UK industrial pollution sector over a period of more than twenty-five years. Innovations derived from policy-oriented learning generated in the 1970s were initially rejected before being implemented fourteen years later. The case study illustrates the limits of both theories. Change was not an open competition between advocates of different core policy beliefs. Nevertheless the ACF analysis of contrasting, broadly defined, beliefs can help explain some events beyond policy networks. Resource interdependencies in the policy network provide a good explanation for the stabilities exhibited in the case study. PNA can also explain why some actors were excluded from the policy process whereas others exercised decisionmaking and nondecisionmaking power. In combination, the more fundamental agency-oriented and structure-oriented emphases on beliefs and resources associated with the ACF and PNA, respectively, can enrich policy analysis.

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McMichael, Celia. « Understanding theories of international development through role-play : a critical discussion of a post-graduate seminar activity exploring two contrasting theories ». International Journal of Development Education and Global Learning 4, n^o 3 (1 septembre 2012) : 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.18546/ijdegl.04.3.04.

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It is critical that students of international development understand the theoretical foundations of practice and policy in this field. Dependency theory and neo-liberalism provide divergent perspectives regarding the causes of and solutions to 'underdevelopment' in the Global South. This article outlines a student role-play activity that was developed to both clarify these theories of development and to consider the tensions between them. The article describes both the rationale for, and the main components and processes of this role-play, and reflects critically on the learning process and outcomes of the role-play method.

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Maskaliūnaitė, Asta. « Exploring the Theories of Radicalization ». International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal 17, n^o 1 (30 décembre 2015) : 9–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ipcj-2015-0002.

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After the London bombings in July 2005, the concern of terrorism scholars and policy makers has turned to “home-grown” terrorism and potential for political violence from within the states. “Radicalization” became a new buzz word. This article follows a number of reviews of the literature on radicalization and offers another angle for looking at this research. First, it discusses the term “radicalization” and suggests the use of the following definition of radicalization as a process by which a person adopts belief systems which justify the use of violence to effect social change and comes to actively support as well as employ violent means for political purposes. Next, it proposes to see the theories of radicalization focusing on the individual and the two dimensions of his/her motivation: whether that motivation is internal or external and whether it is due to personal choice or either internal (due to some psychological traits) or external compulsion. Though not all theories fall neatly within these categories, they make it possible to make comparisons of contributions from a variety of different areas thus reflecting on the interdisciplinary nature of the study of terrorism in general and radicalization as a part of it.

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