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Articles de revues sur le sujet « Thermally stimulated desorption »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 4 juin 2021
Mis à jour le 1 février 2022

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1

Kalanda, Nikolay A. « Thermally stimulated oxygen desorption in Sr2FeMoO6-δ ». Modern Electronic Materials 4, no 1 (1 mai 2018) : 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/j.moem.4.1.33270.

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Polycrystalline Sr2FeMoO6-δ specimens have been obtained by solid state synthesis from partially reduced SrFeO2,52 and SrMoO4 precursors. It has been shown that during oxygen desorption from the Sr2FeMoO6-δ compound in polythermal mode in a 5%H2/Ar gas flow at different heating rates, the oxygen index 6-δ depends on the heating rate and does not achieve saturation at T = 1420 K. Oxygen diffusion activation energy calculation using the Merzhanov method has shown that at an early stage of oxygen desorption from the Sr2FeMoO6-δ compound the oxygen diffusion activation energy is the lowest Еа = 76.7 kJ/mole at δ = 0.005. With an increase in the concentration of oxygen vacancies, the oxygen diffusion activation energy grows to Еа = 156.3 kJ/mole at δ = 0.06. It has been found that the dδ/dt = f (Т) and dδ/dt = f (δ) functions have a typical break which allows one to divide oxygen desorption in two process stages. It is hypothesized that an increase in the concentration of oxygen vacancies Vo•• leads to their mutual interaction followed by ordering in the Fe/Mo-01 crystallographic planes with the formation of various types of associations.
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2

Kalanda, N. A. « Thermally stimulated oxygen desorption in Sr2FeMoO6-δ ». Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii. Materialy Elektronnoi Tekhniki = Materials of Electronics Engineering 21, no 1 (22 juin 2019) : 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/1609-3577-2018-1-48-53.

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Polycrystalline Sr2FeMoO6-δ specimens have been obtained by solid state synthesis from partially reduced SrFeO2.52 and SrMoO4 precursors. It has been shown that during oxygen desorption from the Sr2FeMoO6-δ compound in polythermal mode in a 5%H2/Ar gas flow at different heating rates, the oxygen index 6–δ depends on the heating rate and does not achieve saturation at T = 1420 K. Oxygen diffusion activation energy calculation using the Merzhanov method has shown that at an early stage of oxygen desorption from the Sr2FeMoO6-δ compound the oxygen diffusion activation energy is the lowest Еа = 76.7 kJ/mole at δ = 0.005. With an increase in the concentration of oxygen vacancies, the oxygen diffusion activation energy grows to Еа = 156.3 kJ/mole at δ = 0.06. It has been found that the dδ/dt = f(Т) AND dδ/dt = f(δ) functions have a typical break which allows one to divide oxygen desorption in two process stages. It is hypothesized that an increase in the concentration of oxygen vacancies V ·· leads to their mutual interaction followed by ordering in the Fe/Mo–O1 crystallographic planes with the formation of various types of associations.
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3

Shleifman, D. E., D. Shaltiel et I. T. Steinberger. « Thermally stimulated hydrogen desorption from zirconium and tantalum ». Journal of Alloys and Compounds 223, no 1 (mai 1995) : 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0925-8388(94)01497-3.

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4

Junker, K. H., Z. ‐J Sun, T. B. Scoggins et J. M. White. « Thermally stimulated desorption of neutral CF3 from CF3I on Ag(111) ». Journal of Chemical Physics 104, no 10 (8 mars 1996) : 3788–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.471032.

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5

Kanishchev, V. N., et N. P. Katrich. « Thermally activated and electron-stimulated desorption of gases implanted in metals ». Soviet Atomic Energy 61, no 2 (août 1986) : 593–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01123725.

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6

Volokitina, Tatyana L., Roman S. Laptev, Viktor N. Kudiiarov, Dmitriy V. Gvozdyakov et Maria N. Babihina. « Investigation of Hydrogen Sorption-Desorption Processes at Gas-Phase Hydrogenation and Defects Formation in Titanium by Means of Electron-Positron Annihilation Techniques ». Defect and Diffusion Forum 373 (mars 2017) : 317–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.373.317.

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The results of hydrogen sorption and desorption processes investigation at commercially pure titanium alloy during hydrogenation at gas atmosphere are shown in this article. Titanium alloy hydrogenation at temperatures 350, 450 и 550 °С leads to δ-hydrides formation in samples’ volume. Hydrogen sorption rates were calculated on the linear parts of sorption curves and equal to 0.15·10-4 wt%/s at 350 °C, 0.86·10-4 wt%/s at 450 °C, 1.55·10-4 wt%/s at 550 °C. Phase transition in titanium-hydrogen system during thermally stimulated hydrogen desorption investigation by the means of short-wave diffraction of synchrotron radiation shows hydrides dissociation until 520-530 °C. Then α→β transition takes place until 690-720 °C and at this temperatures the phase transformation ends and additional hydrogen desorption peak appears in thermally stimulated hydrogen desorption curve. Defect structure at different hydrogen concentration investigation by the means of electron-positron annihilation techniques shows that hydrogen penetration into titanium leads to crystal lattice expansion. It initiates vacancy-type defects formation which reacts with hydrogen and forms defect-hydrogen complexes.
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7

Vigil, O., E. Vasco et O. Zelaya-Angel. « Oxygen desorption process in CdS thin films studied by thermally stimulated current measurements ». Materials Letters 29, no 1-3 (novembre 1996) : 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-577x(96)00125-5.

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8

Pozdnyakov, A. O., B. M. Ginzburg, T. A. Maricheva, V. V. Kudryavtsev et O. F. Pozdnyakov. « Thermally stimulated desorption of C60 and C70 fullerenes from rigid-chain polyimide films ». Physics of the Solid State 46, no 7 (juillet 2004) : 1371–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.1778466.

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9

Knat’ko, M. V., M. N. Lapushkin et V. I. Paleev. « Thermally stimulated desorption of ionized particles from the oxygen-activated Na/Au surface ». Technical Physics 49, no 7 (juillet 2004) : 905–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.1778866.

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10

Raposo, Maria, Carlota Xavier, Catarina Monteiro, Susana Silva, Orlando Frazão, Paulo Zagalo et Paulo António Ribeiro. « Thermally Stimulated Desorption Optical Fiber-Based Interrogation System : An Analysis of Graphene Oxide Layers’ Stability ». Photonics 8, no 3 (4 mars 2021) : 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8030070.

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Thin graphene oxide (GO) film layers are being widely used as sensing layers in different types of electrical and optical sensor devices. GO layers are particularly popular because of their tuned interface reflectivity. The stability of GO layers is fundamental for sensor device reliability, particularly in complex aqueous environments such as wastewater. In this work, the stability of GO layers in layer-by-layer (LbL) films of polyethyleneimine (PEI) and GO was investigated. The results led to the following conclusions: PEI/GO films grow linearly with the number of bilayers as long as the adsorption time is kept constant; the adsorption kinetics of a GO layer follow the behavior of the adsorption of polyelectrolytes; and the interaction associated with the growth of these films is of the ionic type since the desorption activation energy has a value of 119 ± 17 kJ/mol. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that PEI/GO films are suitable for application in optical fiber sensor devices; most importantly, an optical fiber-based interrogation setup can easily be adapted to investigate in situ desorption via a thermally stimulated process. In addition, it is possible to draw inferences about film stability in solution in a fast, reliable way when compared with the traditional ones.
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11

Molnár, Gábor, Sándor Gaál, Orsolya Kóréh et József Borossay. « Comparison of the Thermal Desorption Spectra and Exoemission Spectra of BeO:TiO2 and BeO:Li Thermally Stimulated Exoelectron Emission Detectors ». Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 11, no 6 (avril 1997) : 683–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0231(199704)11:6<683 ::aid-rcm841>3.0.co;2-c.

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12

KAMIURA, Yoshitomo, Wen Biao YING, Masafumi NISHIMATSU, Yong Bing YU et Yusuke MIZOKAWA. « Thermally Stimulated Desorption Measurements of Heavily Phosphorus-Doped Silicon Surfaces with a Very Thin Oxide Film. » SHINKU 37, no 11 (1994) : 896–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3131/jvsj.37.896.

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13

Knat’ko, M. V. « Thermally Stimulated Desorption of Na[sup +] and Cs[sup +] Ions from a NaAu Alloy Film Grown on Au ». Technical Physics 50, no 4 (2005) : 498. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.1901791.

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14

Barnett, S. A., Harold F. Winters et J. E. Greene. « The interaction of Sb4 molecular beams with Si(100) surfaces : Modulated-beam mass spectrometry and thermally stimulated desorption studies ». Surface Science Letters 165, no 2-3 (janvier 1986) : A8—A9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2584(86)91182-5.

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15

Barnett, S. A., Harold F. Winters et J. E. Greene. « The interaction of Sb4 molecular beams with Si(100) surfaces : Modulated-beam mass spectrometry and thermally stimulated desorption studies ». Surface Science 165, no 2-3 (janvier 1986) : 303–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0039-6028(86)90809-5.

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16

Syrtanov, Maxim, Georgiy Garanin, Egor Kashkarov, Natalia Pushilina, Viktor Kudiiarov et Tatyana Murashkina. « Laboratory X-ray Diffraction Complex for In Situ Investigations of Structural Phase Evolution of Materials under Gaseous Atmosphere ». Metals 10, no 4 (28 mars 2020) : 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10040447.

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In this work, a laboratory X-ray diffraction complex for in situ investigations of structural phase evolution of materials under gaseous atmosphere and elevated temperatures was developed. The approbation of the complex was carried out using a commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) powder, zirconium (Zr-1Nb) alloy and electron beam melted Ti-6Al-4V alloy. It was established that hydrogenation of the CP-Ti powder occurred at a temperature of 500 °C and a hydrogen pressure of 0.5 atm, accompanied by the formation of metastable γ titanium hydride (γ-TiH) phase. The lifetime of the γ-TiH phase was 35–40 min. Decomposition of the γ-TiH occurred after reaching a temperature of 650 °C as a result of the thermally stimulated desorption of hydrogen. The α-Zr → δ-ZrH phase transformation was observed under hydrogenation of the zirconium Zr-1Nb alloy at a temperature of 350 °C and a hydrogen pressure of 0.5 atm. It was revealed that the increase in hydrogenation temperature to 450 °C accelerated this transformation by two times. Hydrogenation of the electron beam melted titanium Ti-6Al-4V alloy at a temperature of 650 °C and hydrogen pressure of 0.5 atm was accompanied by the α → α + β → β + α2 phase transformations.
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17

Sprague, A. L., M. Sarantos, D. M. Hunten, R. E. Hill et R. W. H. Kozlowski. « The lunar sodium atmosphere : April–May 1998 1This article is part of a Special Issue that honours the work of Dr. Donald M. Hunten FRSC who passed away in December 2010 after a very illustrious career. » Canadian Journal of Physics 90, no 8 (août 2012) : 725–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p2012-072.

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Atmospheric sodium at the Moon was observed for altitudes from the ground up to 1800 km from 18 April to 13 May 1998, a period including an entire lunar month. Because of bad weather, coverage was incomplete but we present the analysis of 36 spectra largely from near first and third quarter phases and passage through full moon. The apparatus used was the specially built clear aperture 16.5 cm, 203 cm focal length, Mt. Lemmon Lunar Coronagraph on Mt. Lemmon in the Catalina Mountains of Tucson, Arizona. Data are interpreted in terms of Chamberlain fits to the observed emission rate using both one equivalent temperature and two source components (with both cold and hot density distributions). The extent and equivalent temperatures of the exosphere during this period trended towards an extended coma with very little fraction in the thermally accommodated regime, even near the surface. Preliminary data–model comparisons suggest that these measurements are consistent with rates and spatial distributions expected from a photon-stimulated desorption source, although evidence for one, or possibly two, periods of notable meteoroid impact source might be present. A compilation of new and previously published observations illustrates an increased emission by sodium at third quarter over that of first quarter, a result that suggests that the dayside exospheric content increases, at least occasionally, following transit of the Moon through the Earth’s magnetosphere.
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18

Stulen, R. H., et P. A. Thiel. « Electron-stimulated desorption and thermal desorption spectrometry of H2O on nickel (111) ». Surface Science 157, no 1 (juillet 1985) : 99–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0039-6028(85)90638-7.

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19

Khanbekov, I. F., I. P. Li, V. S. Petrov, V. P. Mikhaylov et E. A. Deulin. « Research of acoustically stimulated thermal desorption in electrovacuum microwave devices ». IOP Conference Series : Materials Science and Engineering 387 (juillet 2018) : 012032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/387/1/012032.

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20

Akbulut, Mustafa, Norbert J. Sack et Theodore E. Madey. « Adsorption and reaction of water on oxidized tungsten : thermal desorption and electron stimulated desorption measurements ». Surface Science 351, no 1-3 (mai 1996) : 209–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0039-6028(95)01361-x.

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21

Ribeiro, F. de A., G. C. Almeida, Y. Garcia-Basabe, W. Wolff, H. M. Boechat-Roberty et M. L. M. Rocco. « Non-thermal ion desorption from an acetonitrile (CH3CN) astrophysical ice analogue studied by electron stimulated ion desorption ». Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, no 41 (2015) : 27473–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp05040e.

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Non-thermal desorption by electron impact constitutes an important route by which neutral and ionic fragments from simple nitrile-bearing ices may be delivered back to the gas-phase of astrophysical environments, contributing to the production of more complex molecules.
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22

Ribeiro, Fabio, Guilherme Almeida, Lautaro Ramirez, Jessica Martins, Yunier Basabe, Wania Wolff, Heloisa Boechat-Roberty et Maria Luiza Rocco. « Non-thermal desorption processes on nitrile-bearing astrophysical ice analogues studied by electron stimulated ion desorption ». Journal of Physics : Conference Series 635, no 6 (7 septembre 2015) : 062006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/635/6/062006.

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23

Campbell, J. H., M. V. Ascherl et J. H. Craig. « Electron‐stimulated and thermal desorption study of trimethylsilane from Si(100) ». Journal of Vacuum Science & ; Technology A : Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films 12, no 4 (juillet 1994) : 2128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.579149.

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24

Rocker, Gerd H., Cathy L. Cobb, Chang-Soo Jun, Horia Metiu et Richard M. Martin. « Potassium adsorption on hydrogen-covered Ru(0001) studied by metastable quenching spectroscopy, thermal desorption, and electron-stimulated desorption ». Surface Science 208, no 1-2 (janvier 1989) : 205–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0039-6028(89)90045-9.

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25

Rocker, Gerd H., Cathy L. Cobb, Chang-Soo Jun, Horia Metiu et Richard M. Martin. « Potassium adsorption of hydrogen-covered Ru(0001) studied by metastable quenching spectroscopy, thermal desorption, and electron-stimulated desorption ». Surface Science Letters 208, no 1-2 (janvier 1989) : A7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2584(89)91043-8.

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26

Yates, J. « CO adsorption on stepped Pd(112) : Studies by thermal and electron stimulated desorption ». Surface Science 322, no 1-3 (1 janvier 1995) : 243–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0039-6028(94)00581-8.

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27

Yanagisawa, Y., et Y. Ota. « Thermal and photo-stimulated desorption of chemisorbed oxygen molecules from titanium dioxide surfaces ». Surface Science Letters 254, no 1-3 (août 1991) : L433—L436. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2584(91)90004-b.

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28

Ramsier, R. D., K. W. Lee et J. T. Yates. « CO adsorption on stepped Pd (112) : studies by thermal and electron stimulated desorption ». Surface Science 322, no 1-3 (janvier 1995) : 243–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0039-6028(95)90034-9.

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29

Yanagisawa, Y., et Y. Ota. « Thermal and photo-stimulated desorption of chemisorbed oxygen molecules from titanium dioxide surfaces ». Surface Science 254, no 1-3 (août 1991) : L433—L436. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0039-6028(91)90619-4.

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30

Watanabe, Heiji, Shinobu Fujita, Shigemitsu Maruno, Ken Fujita et Masakazu Ichikawa. « Selective thermal decomposition of ultrathin silicon oxide layers induced by electron-stimulated oxygen desorption ». Applied Physics Letters 71, no 8 (25 août 1997) : 1038–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.119720.

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31

Warneke, Ziyan, Markus Rohdenburg, Jonas Warneke, Janina Kopyra et Petra Swiderek. « Electron-driven and thermal chemistry during water-assisted purification of platinum nanomaterials generated by electron beam induced deposition ». Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 9 (8 janvier 2018) : 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.9.10.

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Focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID) is a versatile tool for the direct-write fabrication of nanostructures on surfaces. However, FEBID nanostructures are usually highly contaminated by carbon originating from the precursor used in the process. Recently, it was shown that platinum nanostructures produced by FEBID can be efficiently purified by electron irradiation in the presence of water. If such processes can be transferred to FEBID deposits produced from other carbon-containing precursors, a new general approach to the generation of pure metallic nanostructures could be implemented. Therefore this study aims to understand the chemical reactions that are fundamental to the water-assisted purification of platinum FEBID deposits generated from trimethyl(methylcyclopentadienyl)platinum(IV) (MeCpPtMe3). The experiments performed under ultrahigh vacuum conditions apply a combination of different desorption experiments coupled with mass spectrometry to analyse reaction products. Electron-stimulated desorption monitors species that leave the surface during electron exposure while post-irradiation thermal desorption spectrometry reveals products that evolve during subsequent thermal treatment. In addition, desorption of volatile products was also observed when a deposit produced by electron exposure was subsequently brought into contact with water. The results distinguish between contributions of thermal chemistry, direct chemistry between water and the deposit, and electron-induced reactions that all contribute to the purification process. We discuss reaction kinetics for the main volatile products CO and CH4 to obtain mechanistic information. The results provide novel insights into the chemistry that occurs during purification of FEBID nanostructures with implications also for the stability of the carbonaceous matrix of nanogranular FEBID materials under humid conditions.
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32

Peck, Jason A., et David N. Ruzic. « Sub-damage-threshold plasma etching and profile tailoring of Si through laser-stimulated thermal desorption ». Journal of Vacuum Science & ; Technology A : Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films 36, no 2 (mars 2018) : 021301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.4991586.

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33

Arima, Satoshi, Sangkil Lee, Yutaka Mera, Shohei Ogura, Katsuyuki Fukutani, Yoshinori Sato, Kazuyuki Tohji et Koji Maeda. « Electron-stimulated defect formation in single-walled carbon nanotubes studied by hydrogen thermal desorption spectroscopy ». Applied Surface Science 256, no 4 (novembre 2009) : 1196–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2009.05.111.

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Kawano, Hiroyuki, Naoshi Serizawa, Akihide Tanaka, Motoi Wada, Mamiko Sasao et Kiyoshi Miyake. « Simultaneous production of H− by both thermal and electron-stimulated desorptions from saline hydrides ». Review of Scientific Instruments 69, no 2 (février 1998) : 953–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148601.

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35

Olanrewaju, Babajide O., Janine Herring-Captain, Gregory A. Grieves, Alex Aleksandrov et Thomas M. Orlando. « Probing the Interaction of Hydrogen Chloride with Low-Temperature Water Ice Surfaces Using Thermal and Electron-Stimulated Desorption ». Journal of Physical Chemistry A 115, no 23 (16 juin 2011) : 5936–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp110332v.

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36

Maruno, S., S. Fujita, H. Watanabe et M. Ichikawa. « Observation of selective thermal desorption of electron stimulated SiO2 with a combined scanning reflection electron microscope/scanning tunneling microscope ». Journal of Applied Physics 82, no 2 (15 juillet 1997) : 639–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.365592.

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37

Cai, Dan, Lie Liu, Jinchuan Ju, Xuelong Zhao, Hongyu Zhou et Xiao Wang. « Characterization of a short-pulse high-power diode operated with anode effects ». Laser and Particle Beams 34, no 1 (7 janvier 2016) : 151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034615001068.

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AbstractUsually, the high-power microwave (HPM) devices suffer from impedance collapse and cathode material degradation or even failure. When the intense electron beam bombards the anode (or named as collector in HPM device), an anode plasma could appear under certain conditions. In this case, the impedance collapse is caused by the expansions of the cathode and anode plasmas and diode current overshot caused by the bipolar flow. In this paper, characterization of a short-pulse high-power diode operated with anode effects with a dielectric fiber (velvet) cathode is discussed. The bipolar flow (or anode plasma) is indeed evident at beam power densities ~11 MW/cm2and the pulse durations of ~50 ns. The analysis results of the deposit dose and thermal regime of the anode show that the electron stimulated desorption played an important role in the generation of anode plasma in this case. With the effect of anode plasma, the appearance of local cathode plasma flares (or nonuniform electron emission) is particularly detrimental for the diode closure. Micro-structure and elemental surface compositions of cathode are changed by the anode splashing, which is very harmful to the performance of cathode.
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38

Potter, Andrew. « The Surface-Bounded Exosphere of Mercury ». Highlights of Astronomy 13 (2005) : 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1539299600015069.

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Almost thirty years ago, the instruments on the Mariner 10 spacecraft detected traces of hydrogen, helium, and possibly oxygen in the atmosphere of Mercury. There the matter rested until the mid-80’s, when emission lines of sodium (Potter & Morgan 1985) and potassium (Potter & Morgan 1986) were found in the spectrum of Mercury, resulting from resonance scattering of sunlight by metal atoms in the atmosphere. Searches for other metals in the Mercury atmosphere were fruitless until recently, when an emission line attributed to calcium has been observed (Bida, Killen & Morgan 2000). The densities of all these species are so low that gas phase collisions are negligible, so that the Mercury atmosphere is an exosphere bounded at its base by the surface of the planet. The fact that the exosphere is bounded by the Mercury surface means that interactions with the surface must occur. Energy exchange, surface absorption and desorption, and ion neutralization can take place, and these must be accounted for in models of the exosphere. None of these atmospheric species can survive long on Mercury, being lost mainly by photoionization followed by trapping in the solar wind and partly by solar radiation acceleration. Consequently, the species that we observe must be in a steady state, being generated as fast as they are lost to space. The metals must originate from the surface of the regolith, with the supply of fresh surface material maintained by gardening of the surface by meteoroid impact. The metals are released from the surface into the exosphere by photon-stimulated desorption (Madey et al. 1998), particle sputtering (McGrath, Johnson & Lanzerotti 1986), and meteoroid impact vaporization (Morgan, Zook & Potter 1988). Thermal evaporation of species condensed on the cold side may be important for determining their distribution over the planet (Hunten & Sprague 2002). The interaction and relative importance of all these processes has been discussed by Killen & Morgan (1993). Much can be said about these processes, but this review is focused primarily on the current status of observations of sodium, potassium, and calcium.
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Friend, Cynthia M., J. R. Swanson et F. A. Flitsch. « Surface Processes in CVD : Laser- and Low Energy Electron-Induced Decomposition of W(CO)6 on Si(111)-(7×7) ». MRS Proceedings 131 (1988). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-131-461.

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ABSTRACTThe decomposition of W(CO)6 adsorbed on Si(111)-(7×7) using low energy electrons and ultraviolet photons has been investigated under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. This work is motivated by a desire to understand the mechanism for laser- and electron-assisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of tungsten using volatile coordination complexes and to specifically understand the role of the surface in these processes. Both electron stimulated and photo-assisted decomposition of the adsorbed W(CO)6 are observed. No thermal decomposition of the W(CO)6 occurs under the conditions of these experiments, based on independent temperature programmed reaction experiments, ruling out the possibility of laser- or electron-induced heating as the cause of decomposition. Furthermore, the interaction of the W(CO)6 with the Si(111)-(7×7) surface is shown to be exceedingly weak based on the fact that the desorption energy is 9.46 ± 0.77 kcal/mol. Desorption of CO is induced during both ultraviolet photolysis and electron bombardment. Carbon monoxide is exclusively evolved during ultraviolet photolysis: no W-containing fragments are desorbed. During electron bombardment, a small amount of the W(CO)6 is desorbed, accounting for ∼10% of the desorption. In both cases, CO-containing W fragments remain on the surface after decomposition at low surface temperature. The remaining surface fragments do not undergo further photolysis at 308 nm but do react thermally. Competing desorption and dissociation of CO are thermally induced resulting in carbide and oxide impurities in the deposited material. The fact that strongly bound W(CO)x fragments are trapped on the surface is proposed as a limiting factor in the purity of tungsten deposits using the decomposition of W(CO)6.
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40

Xiong-Skiba, P., D. L. Carroll, D. L. Doering et K. H. Siek. « Defects Induced by Electron Bombardment and Substrate Doping in SiO2 Thin Films ». MRS Proceedings 284 (1992). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-284-275.

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ABSTRACTThin SiO2 films grown on silicon substrates were exposed to electron beam irradiation at energies from 100 eV to 2.5 KeV. Then, thermally stimulated exoelectron emission (TSEE) spectra were taken by heating the sample linearly to a maximum temperature of 600°C. We have compared the emission behavior from oxides grown on both n-typeand p-type, (100) and (111) silicon wafers. The TSEE spectra show emission peaks whichcan be categorized by their behavior into two groups. The β emission peaks are characteristic of emission from localized electron traps while the γ emission peaks result from the annealing of beam-induced defects. We have observed changes in the β peaks which appear to be associated with the concentration of dopants in the substrate material. In addition, we have identified a beam energy threshold near the oxygen Is binding energy for the creation of defects. This suggests that defect creation results froman electronic transition similar to electron stimulated desorption.
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41

« Electron-stimulated desorption and thermal desorption spectrometry of H2O on nickel (111) ». Surface Science Letters 157, no 1 (juillet 1985) : A380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2584(85)91080-1.

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42

Moiseenko, I. F., et A. A. Lisachenko. « Regularities of Laser-Stimulated Desorption from Oxide Semiconductors and Insulators ». MRS Proceedings 191 (1990). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-191-121.

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ABSTRACTThe time–of–flight method was used to study the laser stimulated desorption of atoms and molecules from the surfaces of Cr2O3, ZnO, TiO2, MgO, A12O3 under the influence of radiation of four harmonics of a pulsed neodymium laser. For the oxides studied, the kinetic energy distributions of desorbed oxygen molecules are characterized by the presence of two forms: “fast” with kinetic temperature Tk˜2500–3500 K, and “slow” with Tk˜350–550 K. The first one is typical for desorption excitation in the self-absorption region (hv > Eg), and the second one in the transparent region. “Fast” O2 desorption is accompanied by emission of single oxygen and metal atoms. Two non-thermal mechanisms of desorption are suggested, associated with the nature of the initial state of atoms and molecules on the surface and of the mechanism of the laser excitation of this states. The “slow” molecular oxygen desorption results from the excitation and subsequent neutralization of adsorbed molecular ions. The “fast” O2 emission is the result of recombination of oxygen atoms, after neutralization of the surface lattice ions by photoexcited carriers.
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43

Lyding, J. W., T. C. Shen, G. C. Abeln, C. Wang, E. T. Foley et J. R. Tucker. « Silicon Nanofabrication and Chemical Modification by UHV-STM ». MRS Proceedings 380 (1995). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-380-187.

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ABSTRACTPatterning on the 10 Å size scale has been achieved with a UHV-STM for Si(100)-2×1:H surfaces. Hydrogen passivation serves as a monolayer resist which the STM locally desorbs, exposing clean Si(100)-2×1 for selective chemistry. Two mechanisms have been identified for hydrogen removal by STM electrons: in the field emission regime direct electron stimulated desorption of hydrogen occurs whereas, in the lower energy tunneling regime, hydrogen desorption results from vibrational excitation of the Si-H bond at high tunneling currents. Furthermore, we find that atomic hydrogen is liberated in contrast to molecular hydrogen evolved during thermal desorption. Selective oxidation and nitridation of the STM-patterned areas has been achieved.
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44

Brewer, P. D., J. J. Zinck et G. L. Olson. « Photo-Induced Reversible Modification of II-VI Semiconductor Surface Composition and Structure ». MRS Proceedings 201 (1990). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-201-543.

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AbstractIt is shown that the composition and structure of CdTe and CdS surfaces can be reversibly controlled by excimer laser irradiation at fluences below the melting threshold. The removal rate is observed to depend exponentially on laser fluence up to the melting threshold. The translational energies of products desorbed from laser-irradiated CdTe surfaces were determined using time-of-flight spectrometry and are well-described by a Maxwellian velocity distribution. The dynamics of the photo-stimulated desorption process are correlated with the laser-induced changes in composition, and it is shown that the data are consistent with a thermal mechanism for desorption. A model is introduced which describes the reversible, fluence-dependent changes in composition and structure in terms of the kinetic competition between formation and desorption processes at the semiconductor surface.
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45

Wang, Zhijun, et Xiaojuan Wang. « Promotion effects of microwave heating on coalbed methane desorption compared with conductive heating ». Scientific Reports 11, no 1 (5 mai 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89193-5.

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AbstractAs a clean energy resource, coalbed methane (CBM) has drawn worldwide attention. However, the CBM reservoir has strong adsorption capacity and low permeability and thus requires stimulation. As a means to stimulate coalbed methane recovery, thermal injection faces geological and economic challenges because it uses conventional conductive heating (CH) to transfer heat. Realized by the conversion of the electromagnetic energy into the thermal energy, microwave heating (MH) may be a sound stimulation method. Although previous research suggested that MH had potential as a stimulation method for coalbed methane recovery, it is not clear if MH is superior to CH for enhancing coalbed methane recovery. This paper compares the effect of MH and CH on methane desorption from coal using purpose-built experimental equipment. To compare the MH and CH experimental results, the desorption temperature for each CH desorption test was set to the maximum temperature reached in the correlative MH desorption test. The results show that although the cumulative desorbed volume (CDV) of methane under MH was less than that desorbed by CH in the initial desorption stage, the final total CDV under MH for the three different power settings was ~ 12% to ~ 21% more than that desorbed by CH at the same temperatures. CH and MH both change the sample’s microstructure but MH enlarges the pores, decreases methane adsorption, promotes methane diffusion, and improves permeability more effectively than CH. Rapid temperature rise and the changes in the coal’s microstructure caused by MH were the main reasons for its superior performance. These findings may provide reference for selecting the most appropriate type of heating for thermal injection assisted coalbed methane recovery.
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Ueda, Kazuyuki, Ken'ichi Ishikawa et Masamichi Yoshimura. « A New Development Of Scanning Hydrogen Imaging System And Its Application ». MRS Proceedings 513 (1998). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-513-17.

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ABSTRACTScanning type electron-stimulated desorption (ESD) spectroscopy to detect hydrogen on solid surfaces has been described. To analyze a two-dimensional distribution of hydrogen on solid surface, a pencil-type fine-focused electron gun, of which spot size is less than 300 nm at 800 eV, has been developed using a thermal field emitter. The lateral resolution of analysis is achieved less than 1 μm.Letters were drawn on a hydrogen-terminated Si(100) surface by irradiation of continuous electron beam to remove hydrogen from the surface, and by the following scanning ESD measurement, a clear letters were confirmed on this surface. Direct lithography by an electron beam on silicon surfaces has been realized.
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Chen, C. L., C. C. Chang, C. K. Chan, C. M. Cheng, C. Y. Yang, L. H. Wu, H. P. Hsueh et al. « Fabrication of one-cell vacuum system for Taiwan Photon Source ». Diamond Light Source Proceedings 1, MEDSI-6 (décembre 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2044820110000791.

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A vacuum system of 3 GeV Taiwan photon source (TPS, with circumference 518.4 m), is designed for low-outgassing aluminium beam ducts, low-impedance structure, oil-less pumping system and oil-less fabrication. A prototype (total length 14 m) of the TPS vacuum system has been fabricated. This one-cell prototype vacuum system consists of two bending-magnet chambers (~4 m long each), two straight chambers (~3 m long each), supporting stands, five beam positioning monitors and pumps. Two bending-magnet chambers were made by computer-numerical control machining, which was lubricated with ethanol to protect the surface from oil contamination. Next, these two bending chambers were cleaned with ozonated water to decrease the rate of thermal outgassing and photo-stimulated desorption. The rest chambers were also cleaned by chemical cleaning method. An automatic welding system then was used to implement the side-welding seams of bending chambers in a temperature- and humidity-controlled cleanroom. The bending and straight chambers were welded into one piece by ‘on-site welding’. After baking at 150°C for 24 h, an optimizing pressure could be achieved at 4.9 nPa.
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« Influence of cellulose particles on chemical resistance, mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy composites ». Biophysical Bulletin, no 43 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.26565/2075-3810-2020-43-07.

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Background: The technological developments for nanocellulose production from cheaper plant materials compared to wood, in particular, agricultural waste is an urgent task of nanobiophysics. The discovery of possibility of expanding the functional characteristics of materials in compositions with modified cellulose particles essentially stimulated the interest of researchers in cellulose composites. Surface modification of cellulose particles by functional materials, such as dyes, metal oxides, silicon, allows applying composites with modified cellulose in various areas of modern industry. A significant improvement in the operational performances of functionalized cellulose particles can be achieved by using them as filler in polymers. Epoxy resin compositions with modified and unmodified cellulose particles, studied in present work, are an example of hybrid biosystem. The interfacial interaction of filler particles with the epoxy matrix, their concentration and dispersion can change the physical and chemical properties of the biopolymer and the functional parameters of biocomposites. Studying the influence of external fields on the physical and chemical properties of epoxy resin-based biosystems and their influence on operational parameters seems to be an urgent problem of advanced and sustained materials science. Objectives: The purpose of this work was to develop an effective nanocellulose synthesis from plant materials and surface functionalization of micro- and nanocellulose particles with clathrochelate iron (ΙΙ) dye as well obtaining biocompositions of epoxy resin with functionalized and non-functionalized micro- and nanocellulose, and to explore of the morphology, chemical resistance, mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy composites with cellulose micro and nanoparticles. Materials and methods: The studying objects were the composites of epoxy resin Eposir-7120 with a polyethylene polyamine “PEPA” hardener in a ratio of 6.2:1 and 10% cellulose micro and nanoparticles. The microcellulose obtained from wood has been a commercial product. Nanocellulose has been synthesized from organosolv cellulose obtained from Miscanthus x giganteus stalks. Surface modification of micro- and nanocellulose was performed using the clathrochelate iron (ΙΙ) dye. The specific surface area of cellulose particles was determined using low-temperature nitrogen adsorption-desorption according to the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method. Mechanical parameters were determined using universal Shopper and UMM-10 machines. Thermal analysis was performed using Q1500 analyzer. Swelling was determined by the gravimetric method. Results: Elastic modulus E, compressive strength σ and thermogravimetric parameters were determined. It was shown that in composites with micro and nanocellulose the E rises in 7.0–12.2% while the σ increases in 9.1% for composites with cellulose micro particles. The loading resin with nanocellulose and modified cellulose microparticles no affects the σ value of composites. The thermal stability of epoxy polymer (310°C) reduces after loading with micro and nanocellulose to 290 and 300°C, respectively. Chemical resistance of composites with both celluloses to 20% nitric acid reduces. In neutral medium swelling characterizes by rapid sorption to saturation of 15–20% acetone in 36 hours. Conclusions: Thus, the synthesis method of nanocellulose from plant materials and functionalization of its surface with clathrochelate iron (ΙΙ) were developed. Light response of dye was detected in visible spectral range. Epoxy resin composites with 10% micro and nanocellulose were obtained. The filling effect with micro- and nanocellulose at elastic modulus, compressive strength, and thermal stability of epoxycomposites was studied. The swelling processes run similarly in composites with cellulose micro and nanoparticles.
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