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Janáček, Jaroslav, et Lýdia Gábrišová. « USER-FAIR DESIGNING EMERGENCY SERVICE SYSTEMS ». Transport 34, no 4 (14 octobre 2019) : 499–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2019.11312.
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The usual approach to emergency system design consists in deploying a given number of service centers to minimize the disutility perceived by an average user, what is called “min-sum” or “system approach”. As a user in emergency tries to obtain service from the nearest service center, the min-sum optimal deployment may cause such partitioning of the users’ set into clusters serviced by one center that population of users is unequally distributed among centers. Within this paper, we focus on user-fair design of emergency service systems, where the fair approach is not applied on the individual users, but on the clusters serviced by one center. The fairer deployment should prevent the users to some extent from frequent occurrence of the situation, when the nearest service center to a current demand location is occupied by servicing some previously raised demand. In such case, the current demand must be assigned to a more distant center. To achieve fairer design of emergency system, we present four approaches to the design problem together with their implementation and comparison using numerical experiments performed with several real-sized benchmarks.
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Rohács, József, et Dániel Rohács. « TOTAL IMPACT EVALUATION OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS ». Transport 35, no 2 (11 mai 2020) : 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2020.12640.
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Impact assessment, in general, includes the environmental safety and security considerations, and cost/cost-benefit analysis of the used sources. As usual, the impact is evaluated at two levels: (1) impact during operation (usage) related to a chosen operational unit (e.g., running distance [km], operational time [h] or calendar time [h]), (2) the life-cycle (project life-cycle) impact. The environmental impact is characterized by the chemical and noise emissions. Safety and security are estimated by risks. Costs are calculated based on the required financial support and caused losses. All these calculations are related to the individual vehicles or vehicles with average behaviours. The investigation of sustainability impact requires a wider evaluation and approach, for example, by also including production and recycling beside the operational aspects. This paper generalizes the impact analysis. At first, it considers all types of impacts including the direct (e.g., accidents) and indirect long-term effects (e.g., health problems caused by emissions). All the impacts are expressed as costs. The defined Sustainable Transportation Performance Index (STPI) is the Total Life-Cycle Cost (TLCC) related to the unit of transport work. As such, it combines the life-cycle emissions evaluation and transport costing methods. It contains the total operational and total impact costs. The proposed approach introduces three new specific features in the impact analysis: (1) the impact is evaluated on the transportation system level, (2) the impact is estimated as the total value (including all the related sub-systems and elements, like vehicles, transport infrastructure, transport flow control, etc.), (3) proposes a unique index to describe the total impact. The paper describes the general equations and the developed methodology for the estimation of the total impact and analyses its applicability. The preliminary results demonstrate the applicability of the defined index and its evaluation methodology. It also shows the limitations of traditional cost models. Further test results and wider application of the methodology will be provided in a series of follow up papers by the research team.
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Stopka, Ondrej, Ladislav Bartuška et Rudolf Kampf. « Passengers’ Evaluation of the Integrated Transport Systems ». Naše more 62, SI (octobre 2015) : 153–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17818/nm/2015/si12.
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Cherednichenko, Kostiantyn, Viktoriia Ivannikova, Olena Sokolova et Maryna Yanchuk. « MODEL OF TRANSPORT SAFETY ASSESSMENT IN MULTIMODAL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS ». Transport 38, no 4 (29 décembre 2023) : 204–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2023.20865.
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In this paper methods, criteria and models of safety assessment of multimodal transportation systems are investigated. Today, new types of transportation systems are formed – multimodal transportation systems, which may be defined as the result of the synthesis of several transport systems, where different modes of transport are effectively interact. The need for such systems was formed due to the peculiarities of each mode of transport, its technological and technical characteristics, which restrain the ability to compete and promote transport interaction. In this context, the problem of transport safety assess of multimodal freight transportations becomes highly important. An analysis of modern scientific researches on topic of transport safety is conducted. Unfortunately, the considered approaches to transport safety have a set of disadvantages if the complex systems are considered in form of, for example, combined, multimodal or intermodal transportations: the problem of local optimum; the problem of safety management in case of transport company is not the actual infrastructure owner; the problem of unifying estimates for several modes of transport, and so on. The system’s safety depends on its integrity and sustainable development, which is directly dependent on the objective conditions of its formation, development and operation. At the same time, the state of safety is directly dependent on subjective factors, the purpose of which is to ensure security, i.e., to preserve the integrity and maintain sustainable development and optimal functioning of the system. Thus, there is a conditional field of protection of transport system objects, which provides counteraction to a set of existing or perceived threats. In this context, modelling the transport safety assessment of multimodal freight is relevant and requires appropriate scientific developments. In the research, methods of mathematical modelling of transport systems were used in order to develop methodological approach that could be potentially used in improving the multimodal freight transportation safety. A methodical approach to safety assessment on the example of multimodal transportation, which takes into account the drawbacks of existing studies, is proposed. The practical application of developed model was demonstrated on the existing system of multimodal transportation. The developed safety assessment method may be potentially used both to assess the transportation route safety level and as key factor in optimal transportation route designing.
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Calvert, D. I., P. Keys et M. C. Jackson. « Managing Transport Systems. » Journal of the Operational Research Society 36, no 12 (décembre 1985) : 1192. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2582349.
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Kazembe, Mangani Daudi. « Intelligent Transport Systems ». International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no 7 (31 juillet 2022) : 488–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.45271.
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Abstract: Growing economic activities aand others are among the factors that make many cities busy places today especially in traffic systems. Road networks that seem to be spacious sometimes become completely congested so much so that traffic mobility looks standstill. This impacts negatively on traffic users resources in terms of time management, fuel and other resource. This paper discusses the background trend in traffic activities amid congestion environment and proposes an Intelligent Traffic System that uses Machine Learning technique of predictive classification and regression to help traffic users determine forehand on the congestion status of available roads or highways. This further suggests that if the road user tries to avoid congestion, then the congestion levels will minimize. For simplicity, the data that has been used for congestion has been from a csv file containing previous datasets of local roads or highways.
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FERENCI, PETER, GERNOT ZOLLNER et MICHAEL TRAUNER. « Hepatic transport systems ». Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 17 (février 2002) : S105—S112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1746.17.s1.15.x.
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Calvert, D. I. « Managing Transport Systems ». Journal of the Operational Research Society 36, no 12 (décembre 1985) : 1192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jors.1985.207.
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Carter, Alan. « Intelligent Transport Systems ». Journal of Navigation 54, no 1 (janvier 2001) : 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463300001156.
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This and the following paper were first presented at NAV 2000 on Thursday, 2 November 2000 – the day devoted to Location and Communication for Land Vehicles.This paper discusses the need for Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) and the key factors influencing the Government's Integrated Transport Policy. Typical ITS projects and applications in the UK are reviewed and conclusions drawn.
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Taylor, S. A. « Frame transport systems ». IEEE Communications Magazine 30, no 3 (mars 1992) : 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/35.126832.
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STODOLA, Jiri, Petr STODOLA et Jan FURCH. « Intelligent Transport Systems ». Challenges to national defence in contemporary geopolitical situation 2022, no 1 (3 novembre 2022) : 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.47459/cndcgs.2022.5.
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An important strategic goal of the infrastructure development in the Czech Republic is the use of modern detection, diagnostic, information, control and security technologies based on intelligent transport systems (ITS), global navigation satellite systems and Earth observation systems. The modern transport system is based on a multimodal and intermodal approach. The individual modes of transport are being developed to form a coherent whole from the users’ point of view. Transport infrastructure and vehicles must be in good technical condition and equipped with intelligent technologies. Managing the process of transporting people and goods requires reliable transmission of information in real time. The transport system must also be operated in a secure manner, be prepared for risk and emergencies and have the ability to deal with security threats arising from illegal behaviour. The paper briefly shows the process of building ITS, the possibilities of using modern intelligent information, diagnostic, control and safety technologies in transport until 2027 with a view to 2050.
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Tsugawa, Sadayuki. « Intelligent Transport Systems. An Overview on the Intelligent Transport Systems. » Journal of the Robotics Society of Japan 17, no 3 (1999) : 312–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.7210/jrsj.17.312.
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Vlasov, D. N. « URBAN TRANSPORT SYSTEMS AND DEVELOPMENT OF INTERMODAL TRANSPORTATION ». World of Transport and Transportation 14, no 5 (28 octobre 2016) : 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2016-14-5-13.
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For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version).ABSTRACT The article considers current trends in development of urban passenger transport systems. The emergence of new types and ways of transporting people in megacities (in particular, light rail, high-speed bus), formation of modern transport-interchange hubs are highlighted as the main ones. The practical example shows general principles of arrangement of the latter taking into account the peculiarities of metropolitan public transport and a type (nature) of combined trips. Keywords: urban transport, intermodal transport systems, light rail, high-speed bus, interchange hubs. REFERENCES 1.Information materials of UITP.Official site of the Union International Transports Publics (UITP).[Electronic resource]: http://www.uitp.org/world-metro-and-automated-metro-latest-figures.Last accessed 03.08.2016. 2.Vuchik, V. R. Transport in cities that are convenient for life: Trans.from English [Transport v gorodah, udobnyh dlja zhizni: Per. s angl.].Moscow, Territorija budushhego publ., 2011, 576 p. 3.Information materials of PIARC.Official site of World Road Association (PIARC) [Electronic resource]: https://www.piarc.org/en/Terminology-Dictionaries- Road-Transport-Roads/.Last accessed 03.08.2016. 4.Montazery, M., Hashemi, S. D. High-speed bus transport in Tehran.Public Transport International, 2009, Iss.5, p.30. 5.Aggarwal, M.K., Singh, D. An example of bus rapid transit (BRT) in Delhi.Public Transport International, 2009, September / October, Iss.5, p.28. 6.Rambo, F., Cristobal-Pinto, K. What indicators of quality and passenger turnover can the bus systems of Europe achieve? Public Transport International, 2009, Iss.5, p.22. 7.Danilina, N. V. Scientific and methodological foundations of the formation of a system of «intercepting» parking in major cities (on the example of Moscow).Ph.D.(Eng.) thesis [Nauchno-metodicheskie osnovy formirovanija sistemy «perehvatyvajushhih» stojanok v krupnejshih gorodah (na primere Moskvy). Dis. kand. tehn. nauk].Moscow, 2012, 187 p. 8.Danilina, N., Vlasov, D., System of transport-interchange hubs and «intercepting» parking: Monograph.Saarbrücken, Lap Lambert AcademicPublishing, 2013, 88 p. 9.Danilina, N. V. Intermodal system for mobility demand in the realities of the Russian Federation: reality and forecast.E3S Web of Conferences, ICSC (2016), DOI: 10.1051/e sconf /2016. 10.Vlasov, D. N. Interchange Japanese-style [Peresadka po-japonski].Arhitektura i stroitel’stvo, 2010, Iss.2, pp.22-28. 11.Vlasov, D. N. Regional transport-interchange hubs and their planning concept (on the example of Matsumoto in Japan) [Regional’nye transportno-peresadochnye uzly i ih planirovochnoe reshenie (na primere g. Macumoto v Japonii)].Vestnik MGSU, 2013, Iss., pp.21-28. 12.Vlasov, D. N. Principles of development, oriented to mass types of transport, in planning foreign interchange hubs [Principy zastrojki, orientirovannye na massovye vidy transporta, v planirovanii zarubezhnyh peresadochnyh uzlov].Arhitektura i stroitel’stvo Rossii, 2015, Iss.8, pp.20-29.
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Karoń, Grzegorz, Ryszard Janecki et Jerzy Mikulski. « Selected issues of systems engineering methodology in the design of transport systems ». Transport technologies 2022, no 2 (10 décembre 2022) : 85–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/tt2022.02.085.
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The selected issues of system engineering methodology in the design of transport systems have been presented. The discussed methodological issues were presented in the example of the metropolitan railway concept project. The system description of the transport project is introduced in accordance with the principles used in systems engineering. The presented case study concerns the methodology of designing the concept of the railway transport system. In the proposed case study, the main issue was the development of a document called the Concept of the Metropolitan Railway System (CoMRS) in the urban area of the Metropolis called in Poland GZM. It was assumed that this document would be a system document developed with the use of Systems Engineering methods in order to build, implement and develop a modern complex railway transport system covering the urban area of the GZM Metropolis. Therefore, in the first place, an additional but essential document was developed – the Methodology for the Metropolitan Railway System Concept (MoCoMRS), which contains a comprehensive methodological description of how to proceed with the use of Systems Engineering methods required for the development of the CoMRS. The methodological guidelines relating to the V model were presented in detail. The methodology description also took into account the system life cycle model in the perspective of the enterprise and systems engineering using the V model. When applying systems engineering in the design of transport systems, it is proposed to use this model, which organizes the system procedure during the design process. The guidelines regarding the use of this model and the application of systems engineering methods for CoMRS, relating, inter alia, to the following design stages: system assumptions, system requirements, high-level design, detailed design, were formulated. The case study of the concept of metropolitan railway presented in this paper is based on a real transport project, and the current stage is working on the preliminary feasibility study of this railway system. It is very important, because it is possible to verify and iteratively correct and update the methodology of designing this railway system depending on the changing conditions and criteria resulting from, among others, different stakeholder aspirations that shape the system requirements. This procedure was also included in the V model in phases of development, construction and implementation of the system, as well as in phases of integration, verification and validation of elements and the entire railway system.
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Yih-Ching Juang. « Modeling Inland Intermodal Container Transport Systems in Taiwan ». SIJ Transactions on Advances in Space Research & ; Earth Exploration 5, no 6 (8 décembre 2017) : 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.9756/sijasree/v5i6/0204500101.
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Mygal, Galyna. « Problems of the human factor in transport systems ». Transport technologies 2024, no 1 (6 juin 2024) : 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/tt2024.01.031.
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Transport accident statistics and practical safety results indicate that technological solutions cannot ensure the viability (safety, sustainability, reliability and efficiency) of complex systems and structures without addressing human factors. This problem is especially acute for transport systems as highly complex technological and social structures aimed at ensuring the efficiency and safety of an entire sphere of human life. In transportation systems and technologies, the human factor plays a critical role. The successful operation of transport systems requires consideration of the human factor at all levels – starting from the development, design and planning of systems and technologies, training and education to the involvement of society in decision-making processes. Therefore, it is essential to develop the concept of human factor management and analyze the main problems in transport systems associated with the human factor to improve the safety, reliability and efficiency of their functioning. The article is devoted to the analysis of the human factor problem in transport systems and the search for solutions to manage it. The purpose of the article is to analyze the main problems in transport systems associated with the human factor and to develop the concept of human factor management for further search for solutions to improve the safety and reliability of transport systems. A set of instruments was proposed in the study to achieve the goal and solve the set tasks. Problems connected to the human factor in transport systems were analyzed. The main directions for solving problems with the influence of the human factor on the safety of transport systems were systematized. The main principles, models and ways of developing the concept of managing the human factor problem in complex systems, including transport, were outlined. A systematization of the risk management strategy was proposed. A matrix for the relationship between risk management strategies and approaches to managing the safety of complex systems was proposed. A new look at the principle of adaptive ergonomics as an implementation of the tolerance strategy was proposed, and applying the principle of adaptive ergonomics to transport systems was considered. The main motivation of the work is to attract the attention of the scientific and educational community to the problem of human factor and the need to use the concept of human factor management in the educational process to improve the general safety culture in society.
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Bartłomiejczyk, Mikołaj. « SMART GRID TECHNOLOGIES IN ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT ». Transport 33, no 5 (11 décembre 2018) : 1144–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2018.6433.
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Nowadays the issue of electric energy saving in public transport is becoming a key area of interest which is connected both with a growth in environmental awareness of the society and an increase in the prices of fuel and electricity. It can be achieved by improving the usage of regenerative breaking. In 2016 the Przedsiębiorstwo Komunikacji Trolejbusowej (PKT, Trolleybus Transport Company) in Gdynia began practical implementation of Smart Grid solutions within its trolleybus network. These activities constitute an element of the project ELIPTIC, realised by PKT within the scientific research fund Horizon 2020. The first stage of implementing intelligent network solutions was completed in 2016, and further activities are planned for the next few years. This paper presents a review of Smart Grid solutions which can be implemented in urban traction supply systems, describes the PKT experience concerning the implementation of Smart Grid solutions in trolleybus network supply system to date.
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Brožová, Helena, et Miroslav Růžička. « THE PREDICTION OF PARKING SPACE AVAILABILITY ». Transport 35, no 5 (21 décembre 2020) : 462–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2020.14016.
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Intelligent Parking Systems (IPS) allow customers to select a car park according to their preferences, rapidly park their vehicle without searching for the available parking space (place) or even book their place in advance avoiding queues. IPS provides the possibility to reduce the wastage of fuel (energy) while finding a parking place and consequently reduce harmful emissions. Some systems interact with in-vehicle navigation systems and provide users with information in real-time such as free places available at a given parking lot (car park), the location and parking fees. Few of these systems, however, provide information on the forecasted utilisation at specific time. This paper describes results of a traffic survey carried out at the parking lot of supermarket and the proposal of the model predicting real-time parking space availability based on these surveyed data. The proposed model is formulated as the non-homogenous Markov chains that are used as a tool for the forecasting of parking space availability. The transition matrices are calculated for different time periods, which allow for and include different drivers’ behaviour and expectations. The proposed forecasting model is adequate for potential use by IPS with the support of different communication means such as the internet, navigation systems (GPS, Galileo etc.) and personal communication services (mobile-phones).
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Vasylkivsky, K., I. Maxymenko et V. Kostyuk. « Rubber in transport systems ». Food Industry 26 (décembre 2019) : 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.24263/2225-2916-2019-26-17.
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Фахми, Ш. С., И. Г. Малыгин, С. М. Егоршев et Ю. Е. Крылов. « Cognitive transport video systems ». MORSKIE INTELLEKTUAL`NYE TEHNOLOGII), no 4(50) (21 novembre 2020) : 142–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.37220/mit.2020.50.4.020.
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Цель развития систем искусственного интеллекта заключается в создании человекоподобного робота со способностями мыслить и принимать решения. Исследования в области компьютерного зрения начались в 1960-х годах. Ограничения в вычислительных ресурсах, отсутствие элементной базы с программируемой логикой и высокая стоимость проектов, выраженная в единицах числа вентилей, не позволяли, на первых этапах, использовать искусственный интеллект при решении задач обработки видеоинформации с наличием шума и помех. В последние десятилетия развитие методов машинного обучения способствовало заметному прогрессу в создании систем технического зрения на основе технологии «система на кристалле». Однако, большинство прикладных программ опираются на чисто восходящие методы проектирования (снизу вверх), не подающиеся обобщению и требующие большие объёмы данных. В данной работе проведен анализ знаний, основанных на результатах тестирования новых методов и технологий, связанных с системами компьютерного зрения за последние десять лет. Показано, что для создания когнитивных систем необходимо использование явных знаний, способствующих улучшению эффективности систем распознавания образов. Интеграция точных знаний с видеоинформацией позволяет получить современные приложения для обучения с использованием визуальных данных, с применением методов «снизу вверх» и «сверху вниз» (аналогичного механизму человеческого зрения). Рассмотрены важные этапы построения когнитивных видеосистем, включающие: сегментацию изображений, алгоритмы нахождения и структуризации характерных точек, принцип доминанты и выделение контуров объектов изображений. The goal for developing artificial intelligence systems is to create a humanoid robot with the ability to think and make decisions. Research in computer vision has started in 1960s. Limitations in computing resources, the lack of an element base with programmable logic and the high cost of projects, expressed in units of the number of gates, did not allow, at the first stages, using artificial intelligence when solving problems of processing video information with the presence of noise and interference. In recent decades, the development of machine learning methods has contributed to significant progress in the creation of vision systems based on the system-on-chip technology. However, most software applications rely on purely bottom-up design methods (bottom-up) that cannot be generalized and require large amounts of data. This paper analyzes the knowledge based on the results of testing new methods and technologies associated with computer vision systems over the past ten years. It is shown that to create cognitive systems, it is necessary to use explicit knowledge that improves the efficiency of pattern recognition systems. Integration of accurate knowledge with video information allows getting modern applications for training using visual data, using the methods "bottom-up" and "top-down" (similar to the mechanism of human vision). The essential stages of building cognitive video systems are considered, including: image segmentation, algorithms for finding and structuring characteristic points, the principle of dominant and selection of contours of image objects.
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Mroczek, Marta. « Transport systems for cyclists ». AUTOBUSY – Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy Transportowe 19, no 7-8 (31 août 2018) : 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/atest.2018.271.
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In the recent years, increasing popularity of multimodal transport is observed in high and medium developed countries. Besides public transport, bicycles are the key element in that form of communication mobility through urban areas. Their growing importance brings development infrastructure for cyclists and their more visible participation in public space activities. The main aim of this paper is presentation and analysis of new projects and concepts of bicycle transport systems. This analysis includes reveal the benefits for cyclists and points advantages and disadvantages for pedestrians and public transport. Proposed studies will show directions of future transformation of bicycle infrastructure favorable for the most of city's users.
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JAI, A. EL, et K. KASSARA. « Spreadability of transport systems ». International Journal of Systems Science 27, no 7 (juillet 1996) : 681–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207729608929265.
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Matile, Stefan, Andreas Vargas Jentzsch, Javier Montenegro et Andrea Fin. « Recent synthetic transport systems ». Chemical Society Reviews 40, no 5 (2011) : 2453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c0cs00209g.
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Vahabi, M., et B. Shokri. « Transport in Inhomogeneous Systems ». Reports on Mathematical Physics 69, no 2 (avril 2012) : 243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0034-4877(12)60029-9.
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Roth, Anders, et Tomas Kåberger. « Making transport systems sustainable ». Journal of Cleaner Production 10, no 4 (août 2002) : 361–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0959-6526(01)00052-x.
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Dikas, G., et I. Minis. « Scheduled paratransit transport systems ». Transportation Research Part B : Methodological 67 (septembre 2014) : 18–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trb.2014.05.001.
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Cantley, Lewis. « Ion transport systems sequenced ». Trends in Neurosciences 9 (janvier 1986) : 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-2236(86)90002-0.
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Boyd, C. A. R., et D. B. Shennan. « Ion transport systems sequenced ». Trends in Neurosciences 9 (janvier 1986) : 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-2236(86)90093-7.
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Stephan, Wolfgang. « Complex membrane transport systems ». Biophysical Chemistry 21, no 1 (janvier 1985) : 41–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-4622(85)85005-5.
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Thatcher, J. D. « Coupled Transport Protein Systems ». Science Signaling 6, no 271 (9 avril 2013) : tr5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scisignal.2003450.
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Cooper, Martin. « Building Tomorrow's Transport Systems ». ITNOW 66, no 2 (1 mai 2024) : 24–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/itnow/bwae045.
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Abstract Safe, reliable, affordable and equitable transport is critically important for communities. Myra Blanco from VTTI tells Martin Cooper MBCS how using data is the key to enabling people and goods to move more effectively.
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Jakubauskas, Gražvydas. « IMPROVEMENT OF URBAN PASSENGER TRANSPORT TICKETING SYSTEMS BY DEPLOYING INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS ». TRANSPORT 21, no 4 (31 décembre 2006) : 252–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2006.9638075.
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The main advantages and disadvantages of conventional and intelligent ticketing systems and possible positive outcomes when introducing intelligent transport solutions ‐ namely smart cards or e‐ticketing instead of conventional ones (paper tickets and magnetic cards) are analysed in the paper. Two ideas of creating an intelligent ticketing system in an urban public transport are scrutinized. The first is electronic ticket and related equipment, the second ‐ e‐ticket and functional areas of it. In the article analysis has also been made on practical outcomes related with introduction of smart cards and e‐ticketing. Practical tests and trials as well as a subsequent implementation of electronic tickets have proved unchallenged advantages of contactless smart cards against the contact ones. Nevertheless, a new age of modern technologies calls even for more effective solutions ‐ namely virtual‐ticketing systems that might be achieved through introduction of mobile technologies. Therefore, the main focus in the paper is made on the analysis of e-ticket.
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Abu-Lebdeh, Ghassan. « Smart Transport Systems : Planning and Designing Transport Systems to Support Public Health ». Journal of Transport & ; Health 5 (juin 2017) : S34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2017.05.319.
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Jarašūnienė, Aldona, Kristina Čižiūnienė et Artūras Petraška. « RESEARCH ON RAIL AND MARITIME TRANSPORT INTEROPERABILITY IN THE AREA OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS : THE CASE OF LITHUANIA ». Transport 34, no 4 (30 septembre 2019) : 467–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2019.11236.
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With the acceleration of globalization processes and increased international cooperation, freight transport routes are expanding, which requires new solutions for the most efficient use of various modes of transport. One of the most important factors that may improve the efficiency of the interoperability of different transport modes is information exchange allowing to plan transport flows in advance, exploiting benefits of the maritime and rail transport and minimizing its disadvantages. Precise information allows to find the most efficient mode of transport for the freight transportation chain. Precise information is necessary for effective management of information flows to ensure interoperability between the transport modes. This article analyses the specificity of railway and maritime transport modes, hence research questionnaire of Lithuanian transport companies is performed to present the results to show the most significant elements of railway and maritime transport interoperability. The completed expert evaluation enabled to prioritize the sequence of elements to ensure the efficient interoperability between rail and maritime transport.
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Scherer, Milena, Jost Wichser et Jūratė Venckauskaitė. « ALTERNATIVES TO AUTOMATED PEOPLE‐MOVER SYSTEMS FOR SMALL BUT DENSE POPULATED AREAS ». Technological and Economic Development of Economy 15, no 1 (31 mars 2009) : 90–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1392-8619.2009.15.90-101.
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This paper describes the operational and technical requirements for a high quality public transport system in the country of Liechtenstein and is based on a study conducted by the Institute for Transport Planning and Systems (IVT) at the ETH Zurich. In this case study, a new public transport system (NPT) is defined as a new guideway transport system introduced in a region where this system does not exist yet. Often there are forms of a new technology, for instance, an automated people mover or a modern tramway. Some of the surveyed NPTs are not introduced in many places. The Liechtenstein case study made it possible to analyze, why these systems have not been successful than expected and what is the most appropriate way to introduce a NPT in this country. Santrauka Aprašomas poreikis sukurti aukštos kokybes viešojo transporto sistemą Lichtenšteino kunigaikštystėje. Remiamasi Ciuricho planavimo ir transporto sistemų instituto parengta studija. Šiame tiriamajame darbe pasiūlyta nauja viešojo transporto sistema. Dažnai naujos technologijos sistemos suprantamos kaip automatizuotas transportas, pvz., modernus tramvajus. Lichtenšteino studija parode, kodėl ne visos naujos transporto sistemos sėkmingos, kaip tikimasi. Studijoje pasiūlytas priimtiniausias naujos Lichtenšteino viešojo transporto sistemos būdas.
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Bella, Francesco, et Manuel Silvestri. « VEHICLE–PEDESTRIAN INTERACTIONS INTO AND OUTSIDE OF CROSSWALKS : EFFECTS OF DRIVER ASSISTANCE SYSTEMS ». Transport 36, no 2 (30 avril 2021) : 98–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2021.14739.
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This study aimed to analyse the driver’s behaviour during the interaction with a pedestrian crossing into and outside the zebra crossing, and evaluate the effectiveness of two kinds of Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) that provided to the driver an auditory alert, and a visual alert to detect the pedestrian. 42 participants joined the experiment conducted using the fixed-base driving simulator of the Department of Engineering (Roma Tre University). They experienced different crossing conditions (legal and illegal) and ADAS conditions (no ADAS, visual warning and auditory warning) in an urban scenario. The parameters Time-To-Arrive (TTA) and Speed Reduction Time (SRT) were obtained from the drivers’ speed profiles in the last 150 m in advance of the conflict point with the pedestrian. Results clearly showed the criticality of illegal crossings. When the pedestrian crossed outside of the crosswalk, the highest number of collision occurred and the ANalysis Of VAriance (ANOVA) returned significant effects on both the dependent variables TTA and SRT, highlighting the higher criticality of the vehicle–pedestrian interaction and the more abrupt yielding manoeuvre. Positive effects (the vehicle–pedestrian interaction was less critical and the yielding manoeuvre was smoother) emerged for both the driver assistance systems, although not statistically significant. Besides, both the driver assistance systems positively affected the behaviour of the average cautious drivers. No significant effects of the warning systems were recorded on the aggressive drivers, which because of their behavioural characteristics ignored the warning alarm. In addition, no significant effects of the warning systems were recorded for the very cautious drivers, which adjusted their behaviour even before the alarm trigger. Finally, the outcomes of the questionnaire submitted to the participants highlighted the clear preference for the auditory warning, probably because of the different physical stimuli that are solicited by the warning signal. The results confirm that adequate pedestrian paths should be planned to avoid jaywalker conditions, which induce the driver to assume critical driving behaviour and provide useful findings of the effectiveness of driver assistance systems for pedestrian detection.
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Pishdar, Mahsa, Fatemeh Ghasemzadeh et Jurgita Antuchevičienė. « BEST–WORST METHOD TO PRIORITIZE INDICATORS EFFECTIVE IN MAKING LOGISTICS SYSTEMS MORE SUSTAINABLE IN FAST-MOVING CONSUMER GOODS INDUSTRY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES ». Transport 37, no 3 (22 août 2022) : 190–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2022.17449.
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Logistics systems constitute the backbone of international trade. For developing countries, establishment of sustainable logistics systems reduces costs, and makes supply chains strong to become able to compete. Without setting indicators for sustainable logistics, it is not possible to understand what policies are necessary for success. Logistics systems situations become worse in especial industries such as Fast-Moving Consuming Goods (FMCG) industry that are facing observable challenges such as old-fashioned goods or product corruption. The objective of this paper is to determine a set of indicators, which can be helpful in enhancement of sustainable logistics systems in developing countries. An initial set of indicators is determined through literature review and justified by asking experts’ opinions who have experience of management in logistics systems in developing countries such as Iran and Afghanistan, especially in logistics management in FMCG industry. The indicators are prioritized using Best–Worst Method (BWM), which is a newly introduced decision-making model. Results of prioritization of finalized dimensions and indicators by use of BWM show that “Governance” has the highest importance among dimensions and “management commitment to sustainability” is the most important indicator among all indicators. The results are applicably acceptable as we can see in business circumstances that only when managers believe in perusing sustainability principles as an important factor under each type of economic circumstance, an efficient vision will be set. Risk management has gained the least weight in this study. Based on experts’ opinions, if policies and procedures are set and performed correctly, risks will be less probable by themselves. The results help mangers in assignment of limited budgets to improvement projects related to each indicator.
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Huk, Katarzyna. « Transport exchanges as transport and forwarding management systems ». Engineering Management in Production and Services 16, no 2 (1 juin 2024) : 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/emj-2024-0010.
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Abstract Changes taking place in the economy affect the emergence of innovations. It is primarily technological progress that influences the creation of new solutions. Logistics is one area where innovations and improvements are needed. New solutions are primarily process improvements, the implementation of autonomous vehicles, solutions that help to supervise transport processes, and the effectiveness and costs of their implementation. The greatest benefits of technological progress are the provision of knowledge and information about the journey, the efficiency of a given car and driver, and changes in the market (e.g., information about the demand and supply for given services). This article aims to identify the possibilities of using freight exchanges in transport and forwarding management. It is based on a literature analysis and statistical data from systems dedicated to transport and forwarding, as well as surveys conducted by the author. The article uses analyses of demand, supply and prices based on data from transport exchanges. Possibilities of obtaining information for better management of a transport company were presented. Possibilities of obtaining information for better management of a transport company were presented. The article presents the relationship between the use of the transport exchange and the size of the company, fleet and the number of countries served as part of transport services. The possibilities of using transport exchanges and the possibility of replacing software dedicated to transport and forwarding by the discussed programs were indicated.
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Arabzad, S. Mohammad, Hadi Shirouyehzad, Mahdi Bashiri, Reza Tavakkoli-Moghaddam et Esmaeil Najafi. « REBALANCING STATIC BIKE-SHARING SYSTEMS : A TWO-PERIOD TWO-COMMODITY MULTI-DEPOT MATHEMATICAL MODEL ». Transport 33, no 3 (20 août 2018) : 718–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2018.1558.
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In this paper, an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) has been developed for rebalancing the stations of a Periodic Bike Relocation Problem (PBRP) in multiple periods. The objective function of the mathematical model is reducing costs of implementing trucks, transportation between stations and holding bikes on trucks during rebalancing. The variables we are following them in this model are conducting the optimal route in several periods, using the most appropriate trucks for these routes, and determining the best program for loading/unloading bikes for stations. The distinguishing features of the proposed model are considering several bike types, several exclusive trucks and several time periods. Finally, a numerical example confirms the applicability of the proposed model.
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Pyza, Dariusz. « Transport technologies in intermodal transport ». Transportation Overview - Przeglad Komunikacyjny 2019, no 4 (1 avril 2019) : 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.35117/a_eng_19_04_01.
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The issue of intermodal transport is an important matter for the integration of transport between different modes of transport. The specificity of intermodal transport loading units requires the search for innovative transport technologies to make transport more efficient. The article presents the systematics of knowledge in the field of intermodal transport and transport systems determined by the type of intermodal loading unit. In addition, the transhipment terminal, which plays an essential role in intermodal transport in the integration of different modes of transport, has been characterized. Technical and technological characteristics of selected innovative transport systems in intermodal transport, determined by the type of intermodal loading units, are also presented. The comparison of these systems was made with regard to technical and economic parameters.
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Keshavarz-Ghorabaee, Mehdi, Maghsoud Amiri, Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas, Zenonas Turskis et Jurgita Antuchevičienė. « MCDM APPROACHES FOR EVALUATING URBAN AND PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS : A SHORT REVIEW OF RECENT STUDIES ». Transport 37, no 6 (31 décembre 2022) : 411–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2022.18376.
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Studies related to transportation planning and development have been in the center of activities of many researchers in the past decades. Road congestions issues, economic problems, health problems and environmental problems are some examples of complex problems that can be caused by urban and public transportation in big cities. Evaluating urban and public transportation systems could help to reach effective solutions to overcome these issues. This article presents a short bibliographic review of some recent studies on Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) approaches for evaluating urban and public transportation systems. To this aim, Scopus was chosen as the database for making a search on journal articles. Scopus is trusted by major institutions in the world, and all journals covered in this database are inspected for sufficiently high quality each year. The search was made on the journal articles from 2017 to 2022 (July). The analyses presented in this study show that the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is the most used method, which has been applied to different studies in the field of urban and public transportation systems based on MCDM approaches. According to the analysis of the number of articles, Turkey is ranked 1st among different countries, and “Budapest University of Technology and Economics” (Hungary) is 1st in the ranking of institutions. Moreover, most of the articles have been published within the “social sciences” subject area. The recent trend in different studies on urban and public transportation systems shows the importance of using MCDM approaches in this field. Moreover, noticeable employment of fuzzy sets in several studies is a point that can shows the significant role of uncertainty in dealing with this type of problems.
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Paulauskas, Vytautas. « SHIP PASSING THROUGH STRAITS ». TRANSPORT 25, no 4 (31 décembre 2010) : 345–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2010.42.
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All ports and a number of waterways have straits to optimize investments in developing such systems reaching the maximum results with minimum expenditures. New high accuracy port navigational systems have a possibility of high precision ship positioning and any time should guarantee shipping safety in port waters which makes a good basis for the optimization of port development. A new type of ships with good steering equipment and ship steering knowledge and methods in combination with very high accuracy port navigational systems such as E‐Sea Fix and horizontal/vertical port channel bottom scanning possibilities guaranteeing real port water bottom conditions could stimulate dramatically increasing ship sizes at the port entrance in case of guaranteed shipping safety. With reference to straits, a theoretical study and experimental results received by simulators and real ships under much the same conditions have delivered a new knowledge of the limit of big ship sailing in straits and the possibilities of increasing ship size under similar sailing conditions. The Klaipeda strait is taken as the case study for practical testing. The paper presents the results, conclusions and recommendations of a theoretical and practical study for the ships of an increased size at strait ports.
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Sathiyaraj, Rajendran, et Ayyasamy Bharathi. « AN EFFICIENT INTELLIGENT TRAFFIC LIGHT CONTROL AND DEVIATION SYSTEM FOR TRAFFIC CONGESTION AVOIDANCE USING MULTI-AGENT SYSTEM ». Transport 35, no 3 (26 septembre 2019) : 327–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2019.11115.
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An efficient and intelligent road traffic management system is the corner stone for every smart cities. Vehicular Ad-hoc NETworks (VANETs) applies the principles of mobile ad hoc networks in a wireless network for Vehicle-to-vehicle data exchange communication. VANETs supports in providing an efficient Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) for smart cities. Road traffic congestion is a most common problem faced by many of the metropolitan cities all over the world. Traffic on the road networks are widely increasing at a larger rate and the current traffic management systems is unable to tackle this impediment. In this paper, we propose an Efficient Intelligent Traffic Light Control and Deviation (EITLCD) system, which is based on multi-agent system. This proposed system overcomes the difficulties of the existing traffic management systems and avoids the traffic congestion problem compare to the prior scenario. The proposed system is composed of two systems: Traffic Light Controller (TLC) system and Traffic Light Deviation (TLD) system. The TLC system uses three agents to supervise and control the traffic parameters. TLD system deviate the vehicles before entering into congested road. Traffic and travel related information from several sensors are collected through a VANET environment to be processed by the proposed technique. The proposed structure comprises of TLC system and makes use of vehicle measurement, which is feed as input to the TLD system in a wireless network. For route pattern identification, any traditional city map can be converted to planar graph using Euler’s path approach. The proposed system is validated using Nagel–Schreckenberg model and the performance of the proposed system is proved to be better than the existing systems in terms of its time, cost, expense, maintenance and performance.
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Carreón-Rodríguez, Ofelia E., Guillermo Gosset, Adelfo Escalante et Francisco Bolívar. « Glucose Transport in Escherichia coli : From Basics to Transport Engineering ». Microorganisms 11, no 6 (15 juin 2023) : 1588. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11061588.
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Escherichia coli is the best-known model for the biotechnological production of many biotechnological products, including housekeeping and heterologous primary and secondary metabolites and recombinant proteins, and is an efficient biofactory model to produce biofuels to nanomaterials. Glucose is the primary substrate used as the carbon source for laboratory and industrial cultivation of E. coli for production purposes. Efficient growth and associated production and yield of desired products depend on the efficient sugar transport capabilities, sugar catabolism through the central carbon catabolism, and the efficient carbon flux through specific biosynthetic pathways. The genome of E. coli MG1655 is 4,641,642 bp, corresponding to 4702 genes encoding 4328 proteins. The EcoCyc database describes 532 transport reactions, 480 transporters, and 97 proteins involved in sugar transport. Nevertheless, due to the high number of sugar transporters, E. coli uses preferentially few systems to grow in glucose as the sole carbon source. E. coli nonspecifically transports glucose from the extracellular medium into the periplasmic space through the outer membrane porins. Once in periplasmic space, glucose is transported into the cytoplasm by several systems, including the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system (PTS), the ATP-dependent cassette (ABC) transporters, and the major facilitator (MFS) superfamily proton symporters. In this contribution, we review the structures and mechanisms of the E. coli central glucose transport systems, including the regulatory circuits recruiting the specific use of these transport systems under specific growing conditions. Finally, we describe several successful examples of transport engineering, including introducing heterologous and non-sugar transport systems for producing several valuable metabolites.
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Koning, Sonja M., Wil N. Konings et Arnold J. M. Driessen. « Biochemical evidence for the presence of two α-glucoside ABC-transport systems in the hyperthermophilic archaeonPyrococcus furiosus ». Archaea 1, no 1 (2002) : 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2002/529610.
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The hyperthermophilic archaeonPyrococcus furiosuscan utilize different carbohydrates, such as starch, maltose and trehalose. Uptake of α-glucosides is mediated by two different, binding protein-dependent, ATP-binding cassette (ABC)-type transport systems. The maltose transporter also transports trehalose, whereas the maltodextrin transport system mediates the uptake of maltotriose and higher malto-oligosaccharides, but not maltose. Both transport systems are induced during growth on their respective substrates.
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Karadağ, Tugay, Gülhayat Gölbaşi Şimşek et Güzin Akyildiz Alçura. « BAYESIAN NETWORKS AND STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELLING TO INVESTIGATE THE PASSENGERS’ PERCEPTIONS IN HIGH-SPEED RAIL SYSTEMS ». Transport 39, no 1 (8 mai 2024) : 64–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2024.20541.
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Ensuring sustainability in the global world today depends on perception management as well as financial management. In order to manage the perceptions, which are inherently latent variables as they are measured indirectly through their indicators, they must be accurately handled and modelled comprehensively. In the present study, a hybrid technique combining Bayesian Networks (BN) and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), which are regarded as causal models, was used to investigate the perceptions of High-Speed Rail System (HSRS) passengers. In order to provide insight into the customer retention strategy for HSRS, the analyses were performed on the survey data gathered from the frequent users of HSRS operating between 2 cities of Turkey. After the measurement model of the perception variables through SEM was established, the relationships between the variables were learned using BN knowledge extraction algorithms. As a result, relationships from image to trust and loyalty, from trust to perceived value, from perceived value to satisfaction, and from satisfaction to loyalty were determined. Final interpretations were made in terms of risk management with the help of the probabilistic predictive ability of the BN by setting evidence on the satisfaction levels of the perceptions.
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Nidjat Asadov, Vagif Abbasov, Nidjat Asadov, Vagif Abbasov. « MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS ENSURING THE SAFETY OF TRANSPORT SYSTEMS ». PAHTEI-Procedings of Azerbaijan High Technical Educational Institutions 35, no 12 (8 décembre 2023) : 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/pahtei35122023-113.
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In the modern world, transportation systems have become an integral part of our lives. Various transportation systems such as air, land, sea, and railways play a significant role in meeting people's daily needs and sustaining economic activities. However, the safety of these transportation systems is a primary concern. Reducing the risk of accidents, preventing theft, and sabotage are crucial factors for a secure transportation system. Therefore, measurement systems that ensure the safety of transport systems have been developed. Measurement systems that ensure the safety of transport systems typically consist of the following key components: Sensors: A range of sensors is used to monitor and measure safety, detecting variables such as temperature, pressure, speed, vibration, location, and environmental conditions. Sensors continuously monitor the system's condition and collect data. Data Processing Unit: Data collected by sensors is analyzed by a specialized data processing unit. This unit can detect anomalies and create early warning systems for problem identification. Communication Systems: The resulting data must be transmitted to a central control center. Communication systems facilitate the secure and fast transfer of data. Wireless or wired communication technologies can be used. Control Systems: Control systems that can intervene automatically when needed are available to maintain the safety of transportation systems. These systems can initiate emergency procedures when they detect hazardous conditions. Data Storage and Analysis: Storing and long-term analysis of the acquired data is essential to enhance the safety of the transport system. These analyses help in better understanding the system and making improvements. Measurement systems ensuring the safety of transport systems can be applied to various modes of transportation. Here are some sample applications: Rail Transportation: The safety of rail transportation requires continuous monitoring of factors such as the condition of the rails, train speed, the number of passengers, and security threats. Measurement systems are crucial to ensure the safe operation of trains. Air Transportation: Safety in air transportation encompasses technical conditions of aircraft, weather conditions, and air traffic control, among other factors. Measurement systems help prevent accidents and incidents in this industry. Land Transportation: Safety in land transportation involves factors like vehicle movement, road conditions, and accidents. Smart traffic systems and sensors are used to optimize traffic management. Keywords: sensors, safe transportation, radio-frequency technology, communication systems, artificial intelligence.
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Cherednichenko, Oleksandra. « MANAGEMENT OF CITY TRANSPORT SYSTEMS ». Current problems of architecture and urban planning, no 63 (14 avril 2022) : 164–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2022.63.164-180.
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The article defines the concept of "city transport system" and it’s subsystems. Social and non-social (quantitative and qualitative) indicators of the characteristics of urban public transport and indicators of evaluation of urban transport systems as a whole are described. The hierarchy of the regulatory and legal framework for the management of urban transport systems and directions for its improvement are analysed. The order of managing city transport systems at the macro- and meso-level is schematically depicted, the main tasks of management bodies at these levels and their connections are described. The structure of management of urban transport systems is depicted and its segments are described: financial and economic, regulatory and legal, social, ecological, information, investment and innovation, infrastructural, logistical and technical security. Three basic models of the organization of public transport are distinguished: administrative management model, regulated and free market. The main characteristics, application conditions, advantages and disadvantages of each of the models of urban transport system management in Ukraine are also described. Recommendations for successful management of urban transport systems in Ukraine are provided.
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V, Danchuk, Svatko V, Marchenko V et Rakushyn S. « Intelligent transportation systems as cyberphysical systems in transport ». Artificial Intelligence 28, AI.2023.28(3) (30 novembre 2023) : 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/jai2023.03.064.
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In paper we offer a report on the results of the comparative analysis of existing concepts of the functioning and development of Smart Logistic. In paper shown that at present ITS is the most developed concept for the implementation of Smart Logistic and, in its essence, approaches the essence of the CPS concept as intelligent automatic (or close to automatic) control systems for physical objects and processes of various nature. Within the framework of the CPS concept, through test studies using various AI methods (GA, ESA, AA and ACAmod), it was determined that the most effective method for optimizing the route of freight traffic is ACAmod, which allows dynamic routing of logistics flows in real time, taking into account the non-stationary dynamics of TF. One of the promising areas for further research, the authors consider the creation of an intelligent system for supporting decisions on transport and logistics management of freight traffic in real time taking into account the influence of external factors of various nature on the transportation processes. The creation of such a system should be based on a modern interpretation of the concept of ITS as a CPS for Smart Logistics. In addition, in this report within the concept of the Cyber-Physical Systems are show the results of determining of the most effective method for optimizing of logistics flows in real time, taking into account the non-stationary dynamics of traffic flows
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Marchenko, E. V., Ju V. Marchenko, S. I. Popov, S. G. Kuren et I. V. Marchenko. « Automated transport and storage systems for road transport companies ». IOP Conference Series : Materials Science and Engineering 1083, no 1 (1 février 2021) : 012063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1083/1/012063.
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