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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Turbulence atmosphérique – Analyse »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Turbulence atmosphérique – Analyse"
Caccia, J. L., V. Guénard, B. Benech, B. Campistron et P. Drobinski. « Vertical velocity and turbulence aspects during Mistral events as observed by UHF wind profilers ». Annales Geophysicae 22, no 11 (29 novembre 2004) : 3927–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-22-3927-2004.
Texte intégralMarcoux, Nancy, Lucien Tessier et Yves Bégin. « Répartition estivale du dioxyde d'azote et de l'ozone dans une vallée alpine, Chamonix, France ». Géographie physique et Quaternaire 52, no 2 (2 octobre 2002) : 255–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/004848ar.
Texte intégralThèses sur le sujet "Turbulence atmosphérique – Analyse"
Gauthier, Alain. « Analyse d'une modélisation lagrangienne des panaches dans un modèle régional de pollution atmosphérique ». Paris, ENMP, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ENMP0893.
Texte intégralDarbieu, Clara. « Processus turbulents dans la couche limite atmosphérique pendant la transition d'après-midi ». Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30326/document.
Texte intégralThis thesis focuses on the afternoon transition (AT) of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). This transitional period is complex, because it is non-stationary and most of the forcings, though smaller than during the previous convective period, may come into play. Thus, this transitional period is less understood than the quasi-stationary convective, neutral or stable regimes. Yet, the AT could impact on the nocturnal fog set up, influence the boundary-layer development on the following day and play a crucial role in the transport and dispersion of pollutants and trace species towards the free troposphere. Therefore, a better understanding of the AT could improve the meteorological models. One of the main objectives of the thesis is to improve the knowledge of the decay of turbulence during the AT, when the surface energy transfers are gradually decreasing. We especially put emphasis on the evolution of the ABL turbulence vertical structure. This work is in the core of the BLLAST (Boundary Layer Late Afternoon and Sunset Turbulence) international project. A field campaign took place in summer 2011 in France, on the northern side of the Pyrenean foothills (at "Plateau de Lannemezan"), providing numerous observations used in the thesis. In addition, we also used a Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) with which the turbulent scales can be explicitly resolved. Thanks to this approach, the evolution during the AT of the scale definitions, scaling laws, turbulence characteristics and of the role of the boundary layer processes are now better understood. Thanks to the set of observations, an overview of the BLLAST ATs has been done, according to the various meteorological conditions as well as the structure and evolution of the mean and turbulence structure of the ABLs. A large variability of the AT duration was observed, depending on the surface characteristics and atmospheric conditions. The evolution of the turbulent characteristics during the AT has been studied at the surface and higher in the ABL by means of aircraft measurements and LES data. The study points out the LES ability to reproduce the turbulence evolution throughout the afternoon
Maurel, Philippe. « Analyse et modélisation des courants et de la turbulence sous les vagues de vent ». Toulouse, INPT, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPT007H.
Texte intégralYahaya, Saleye. « Dynamique de la couche limite de surface semi-aride : approche des caractéristiques turbulentes par anemometrie a coupelles et effets des traitements de surface du sol ». Paris 7, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA077181.
Texte intégralMuller, Nicolas. « Analyse de front d'onde sur étoiles laser pour les extremely large telescopes ». Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA077144.
Texte intégralIn order to increase the sky coverage in Adaptive Optics (AO), Laser Guide Stars (LOS) are created in the Sodium layer of the atmosphere. These 3D extended objects induce specific problems on the wave front measurement performed by the Wave Front Sensor (WFS). Some of these problems become critical on the Extremely Large Telescopes (ELTs). The goal of this work is to study the specificity of the wavefront analysis on LGS in the framework of the ELTs, and to optimize the WFS measurement accuracy on such objects. We first studied the characterization of the effects of differential focal anisoplanatism on wave front measurements. Using a diffractive propagation model,i. E. Taking into account the effects of phase and amplitude, we have calculated these effects in the case of ELTs. Considering the stage of tomographic phase reconstruction. We have shown that these effects are actually low in amplitude for most applications. We proposed then a simple model to classify the different sources of errors identified in the literature. After showing that the Pyramid WFS and the Shack-Hartmann (SH) had very similar behaviours with regards to these effects, we assessed the différent error terms in the decomposition, considering the case of a SH WFS. We studied in detail the evaluation of the non-linearity error and the sensor noise error. Then we evaluated the impact of the Sodium layer variations, considering analytical profiles as well as real data. We considered also here the stage of tomographic reconstruction. Finally, we managed to deduce from this study the parameters of the WFS to be favored when optimizing the wavefront analysis on LGS, in the case of ELTs
Xiang, Yang. « Analyse dynamique en champ proche de la contribution des sources de composés organiques volatils, en région urbaine sous influence industrielle ». Thesis, Littoral, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011DUNK0408.
Texte intégralRecently, sources apportionment of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) has been the subject of a great numbers of studies, in order to determine their contributions to atmospheric pollution. However, the dynamical behavior of atmosphere, within its micro-meteorological scale, has never been taken into account in the sources-receptor approach, yet it is the main factor to interpret near-field physic-chemical measurements of air pollution, in an urban area under industrial influences. The complexity of such a study area results from not only the emission modes and the various industrial activities, but also the meteorological phenomenon in multi-scale, which influences the dispersion and transport in a small scale (tipically several kilometers). With measurements of 85 VOC (including 23 oxygenated VOC) during several months, we have developed an innovative methodology, associating the results of the PMF (Positive Matrix Factorization) modeling and the meteorological parameters, in order to identify the sources and to understand their dynamical behaviors. By introducing the vertical turbulence for the first time in this kind of analysis, the temperature and the solar radiation, as parameters of factor analyses, two behaviors have been distinguished, leading to identify the emissions near ground and in the upper part of surface layer. In this way, we have labeled the sources according to their nature as well as their emission mode, and we have highlighted the aged air mass containing secondary pollutants
Xiang, Yang. « Analyse dynamique en champ proche de la contribution des sources de composés organiques volatils, en région urbaine sous influence industrielle ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Littoral, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011DUNK0408.
Texte intégralRecently, sources apportionment of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) has been the subject of a great numbers of studies, in order to determine their contributions to atmospheric pollution. However, the dynamical behavior of atmosphere, within its micro-meteorological scale, has never been taken into account in the sources-receptor approach, yet it is the main factor to interpret near-field physic-chemical measurements of air pollution, in an urban area under industrial influences. The complexity of such a study area results from not only the emission modes and the various industrial activities, but also the meteorological phenomenon in multi-scale, which influences the dispersion and transport in a small scale (tipically several kilometers). With measurements of 85 VOC (including 23 oxygenated VOC) during several months, we have developed an innovative methodology, associating the results of the PMF (Positive Matrix Factorization) modeling and the meteorological parameters, in order to identify the sources and to understand their dynamical behaviors. By introducing the vertical turbulence for the first time in this kind of analysis, the temperature and the solar radiation, as parameters of factor analyses, two behaviors have been distinguished, leading to identify the emissions near ground and in the upper part of surface layer. In this way, we have labeled the sources according to their nature as well as their emission mode, and we have highlighted the aged air mass containing secondary pollutants
Fitton, George. « Analyse multifractale et simulation des fluctuations de l'énergie éolienne ». Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00962318.
Texte intégralCarbone, Sullivan. « Analyse globale, régionale, et locale des mesures de vapeur d'eau dans la haute TTL pendant STRATÉOLE 2 ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025REIMS004.
Texte intégralThe relative importance of the different mechanisms governing the abundance and long-term trend of stratospheric water vapour is still poorly quantified. The upper troposphere and tropical lower stratosphere (TTL) is the gateway to the stratosphere for all species. Processes such as the cold trap, waves and deep stratospheric convection (overshoot) are the essential ones that modulate the abundance of water vapor entering the stratosphere.The Stratéole 2 project, based on several long-duration balloon campaigns, will enable us to study these processes throughout the tropical belt, by providing a large, unprecedented database.In this thesis, in situ water vapor measurements made by the 5 Pico-STRAT Bi-Gaz instruments (GSMA/DT INSU) during the first two Stratéole 2 campaigns are analyzed to quantify the impact of waves and deep convection on the stratospheric water balance. A method based on the calculation of water vapour anomalies (X') is developed to highlight these signatures.By extracting the temperature perturbations (T') for each flight, taken from a Hovmöller diagram (longitude/time) along the balloon's trajectory, and correlating them with the water vapour anomalies, we highlight, particularly for the first and last flights of the campaign, the major role played by waves in water vapour modulation.For other flights, we obtain weaker correlations, or even anti-correlations. Considering the vertical water vapour gradient derived from satellite measurements, we show that these anti-correlations are due to vertical displacements of air masses under the influence of large/medium scale waves.The proportion of X' compatible with isentropic displacement of air masses due to waves, varies between 48% and 70% depending on the flight, confirming the major role that waves can play in our measurements.The role of deep convection on X' is also investigated. Firstly, using vertical profiles obtained when balloons depressurized above deep convective systems. No systematic signature is detected in these cases.Between December 12 and 15, 2021, two Pico-STRAT Bi Gaz instruments were able to take measurements in the vicinity of cyclone Rai. The measurements show irreversible processes and strong hydration of the lower stratosphere due to deep convection generated in the cyclone’s arms which is an unprecedented result by in situ measurements over these systems.Analysis of convective signatures using cloud top products (Himawari and GOES geostationary satellites) and back-trajectories by the HYSPLIT model, shows that 33 nights in our in situ dataset have X' consistent with hydration or dehydration by overshoots. one case was modelled by the mesoscale model meso-NH to confirm the convective origin of some remarkable signatures. The 3 nested grid simulation of the case of 28/01/2020 over Sumatra supports the hypothesis of stratospheric overshoots causing water vapour anomalies of around 0,6 ppmv.This study demonstrates the ability of the anomaly method employed to highlight wave signatures or signatures of deep convection in the equatorial belt. It highlights the importance of waves in the set of measurements, as well as some extreme convective cases (cyclone Rai), which will need to be studied in detail in the near future
Blary, Flavien. « Caractérisation et modélisation de la turbulence optique en espace confiné ». Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4131/document.
Texte intégralOptical turbulence and its impact on measured images is a well-known phenomenon in astronomy. Models based on the Kolmogorov theory, elaborated for a dynamical turbulence description, and methods, such as Adaptive Optics, were both developed so as to understand and correct the degradations caused by this turbulence. Analysis of the same phenomenon in indoor situation was however less investigated. The local air volume is nonetheless prone to optical perturbations sources which could have non negligible impacts on the measurements of instruments installed at proximity. This document introduces a first approach of indoor optical turbulence characterization. After the introduction of the studied phenomenon and the mathematical tools employed, this thesis present optical turbulence characterizations inside Thales Alenia Space clean rooms used for optical instrument integration and testing. Analyses inside telescope domes are also shown in this document. All the results were obtained using the INTENSE instrument which was developed during the thesis for optical turbulence characterizations using angle of arrival fluctuations of laser beams. In anticipation for future ameliorations of optical turbulence analysis methods, a chapter of this thesis is dedicated to the work made on a turbulence energy profile extraction and its application on the INTENSE instrument. Conclusions and perspectives of the work made during this thesis are presented at the end of the document