Articles de revues : « Types of Mangroves »

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Muhtadi, Ahmad, Rusdi Leidonald, Kamto Triwibowo et Nurul Azmi. « Flora Fauna Biodiversity and CSR Implementation in the Mangrove Ecosystem of Bagan Serdang Village, North Sumatra Province. » Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan 12, n^o 1 (21 mars 2020) : 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v12i1.17120.

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HighlightsMangrove sampling was conducted to use the "spot check" methodMangrove ecosystem of Bagan Serdang Village was categorized damaged Diversity of mangroves in the Bagan Serdang Village mangrove ecosystem was categorized moderate, but diversity of aquatic organisms was higher than the mangrove.Pertamina's CSR activities had an impact on environmental sustainability such as a habitat for various fauna and improving the community's economyAbstractInformation about mangrove and fauna biodiversity in Bagan Serdang Village is essential to be studied as a basis for assessing the management and utilization potential of mangrove. This information could be used as a reference in sustainable mangrove management. This study aims to determine the biodiversity of flora and fauna in the mangrove ecosystem of Bagan Serdang Village. The research location is divided into three areas, with three observation points. The study was conducted in August-September 2019. The sampling of mangroves was carried out using the Spot Check Method. The results showed that the types of mangroves found were 18 species from 12 families consisting of 14 species of true mangrove and four types of associated mangroves while the fauna found in the mangrove ecosystem of Bagan Serdang Village was 16 species of fish, nine species of crustaceans, 13 species of mollusks, four species of birds, one species of reptile, one species of mammal and one species of horse shoe crab. The results of the mangroves analysis in the Bagan Serdang Village’s mangrove ecosystem, including in moderate heading to damage condition. This could be seen from the death of several trees and the flourishing of A. ilicifolius species as a marker of mangrove, which tends to be damaged. The diversity of mangroves in the Bagan Serdang Village is lower (1.63) compared to aquatic organisms that reach 2.09 - 2.44. Corporate responsibility or CSR that PT Pertamina (Persero) TBBM Medan Group carried out in the village of Bagan Serdang with mangrove planting activities and ecotourism, as well as the development of processed mangrove products, could increase the value of diversity and increase the economy of the surrounding community.

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Nengsih, Erlinda, Aried Eriadi et Anzharni Fajrina. « Review : Antioxidant Activity Test of Various Types of Mangroves ». International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicine 6, n^o 8 (30 août 2021) : 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.47760/ijpsm.2021.v06i08.003.

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Free radicals are reactive oxygen that have unpaired electrons looking for partners by binding to electron molecules in the vicinity. Free radicals can cause several degenerative diseases such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease. The content of secondary metabolites in mangroves has the potential to prevent various diseases. Several methods commonly used to estimate the presence of antioxidants in plants include DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), FRAP (ferrous reducing antioxidant power), and ABTS (2,2-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazole-6-sulfonic acid). The results of recent studies showed that some mangrove plants have antioxidant activity including: Rhyzophora mucronata, Nypa fruticans, Avicennia marina, Sonneratia alba, Acanthus ilicifolius L, Acrostichum aureum dan Scaevola taccada. Mangrove plants that have the highest IC50 value were found in leaves (methanol extract). The antioxidant activity of mangrove plants is caused by the presence of secondary metabolites contained in the extract such as flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, and tannins.

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Nurfadilah, Nurfadilah. « PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN TEPUNG BUAH MANGROV PEDADA (Sonneratia caseolaris) PADA MUTU DODOL KETAN ». Jurnal Pengolahan Pangan 4, n^o 1 (30 juin 2019) : 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31970/pangan.v4i1.22.

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Mangroves are plants that live on the shores of the coast with various types of mangroves, but the mangroves used in the study are pedada, European communities know him with designation Sonneratia caseolaris . Mangrove ecosystems have benefits economical that is results wood and notwood for example brackish water cultivation, ponds shrimp, tour a and others. Benefits ecological is in the form of protection for the ecosystem mainlandand the ocean, that is could to be anchoring abrasion or erosion wave or wind tight. Mangroves have value economical important because have rightdungan high arbohydrates. Research this aiming for knowing level substitution flour sticky rice and which produces mangrove mangrove flour dodol with organoleptic high quality . This study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 5 treatments. From the results whole test organoleptic above assessed by penelis from level fondness color, aroma, taste, texture, and fondness whole showing that penelis more like level 10% substitution with use 20 grams of mangrove flour and 180 grams of flour sticky rice.

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Asman, Indra, Calvyn F. A. Sondak, Joshian N. W. Schaduw, Deislie R. H. Kumampung, Medy Ompi et Haryani Sambali. « STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS MANGROVE DI DESA LESAH, KECAMATAN TAGULANDANG, KABUPATEN SITARO ». JURNAL PESISIR DAN LAUT TROPIS 8, n^o 2 (30 mai 2020) : 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jplt.8.2.2020.28769.

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Mangroves are forests that grow in brackish water and are affected by tides and seawater, and these forests grow specifically in places where there are pavement and accumulation of organic material. The purpose of this research is to identify the types of mangroves and determine the structure of the mangrove community in Lesah Village. This research was conducted from September to October 2019. The method used in this research is the quadrant line transect method. The types of mangroves were identified with identification books. Community structure data taken are density, frequency, dominance and important value index (IVI) and then analyzed with Microsoft Excel program. Based on the results of the research, there are 2 types of mangroves found in the research location, Rhizophora stylosa and Sonneratia alba. The highest density value (0.122 ind / m2), relative density (81.88%), frequency types (1), relative frequency (50%). Closure types (1.83 m2), types of relative closure (50.18%), the highest important value index at the research site was (182.12%). The results of the mangrove ecological index data analysis for the diversity index value (0.51), dominance (0.73). Keywords: Structure Community, Mangrove, Lesah Village. Abstrak Mangrove adalah hutan yang tumbuh di air payau, dan dipengaruhi oleh pasang surut air laut dan hutan ini tumbuh khususnya di tempat-tempat di mana terjadi pelumpuaran dan akumulasi bahan oraganik. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis mangrove dan mengetahui struktur komunitas mangrove di Desa Lesah. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari September-Oktober 2019. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode line transek kuadran. Jenis-jenis mangrove di identifikasi dengan bantuan buku identifikasi. Data struktur komunitas yang di ambil adalah kerepatan, ferkuensi, dominasi dan indeks nilai penting(INP) dan kemudian di analisa dengan bantuan program computer Microsoft Excel. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terdapat 2 jenis mangrove yang terdiri dari, Rhizophora stylosa dan Sonneratia alba. Nilai kerepatan tertinggi (0.122 ind/m2), kerapatan relatif jenis (81.88%), frekuensi jenis (1), frekuensi relatif jenis (50%). Penutupan jenis (1.83 m2), penutupan relatif jenis (50.18%), indeks nilai penting tertinggi dilokasi penelitian adalah (182.12%). Hasil analisis data indeks ekologi mangrove untuk nilai indeks keanekaragaman (0.51), dominasi(0.73). Kata Kunci: Struktur Komunitas, Mangrove, Desa Lesah.

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Rizaldi, Hazri, Febrianti Lestari et Susiana Susiana. « Tingkat kerusakan ekosistem mangrove di Kawasan Estuari Sei Jang Kecamatan Bukit Bestari Kota Tanjungpinang, Kepulauan Riau, Indonesia ». Akuatikisle : Jurnal Akuakultur, Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil 4, n^o 2 (17 octobre 2020) : 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.29239/j.akuatikisle.4.2.47-51.

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Research on the level of damage to mangrove ecosystems has been carried out in Estuarine Area Sei Jang. The purpose of this study was to determine the types of mangroves, the density and percentage of mangrove canopy cover, and the level of damage to mangrove ecosystems in the Sei Jang Estuary Area of Tanjung Pinang City. This research was conducted in March 2019. Determination of the research location using a purposive sampling method of 3 stations and using a 10 x 10 m transect for the density and percentage of mangrove canopy cover. The results found four types of mangroves namely Bruguiera gymnorhiza, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, and Ceriops tagal with density values (1.033-1.367 individu/ha) and the percentage of mangrove canopy cover with values (61.55-78.41%). For the level of damage at Station I and III are categorized (good) and Station II is categorized (Damaged).

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Richards, Daniel R., et Daniel A. Friess. « Rates and drivers of mangrove deforestation in Southeast Asia, 2000–2012 ». Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, n^o 2 (28 décembre 2015) : 344–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1510272113.

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The mangrove forests of Southeast Asia are highly biodiverse and provide multiple ecosystem services upon which millions of people depend. Mangroves enhance fisheries and coastal protection, and store among the highest densities of carbon of any ecosystem globally. Mangrove forests have experienced extensive deforestation owing to global demand for commodities, and previous studies have identified the expansion of aquaculture as largely responsible. The proportional conversion of mangroves to different land use types has not been systematically quantified across Southeast Asia, however, particularly in recent years. In this study we apply a combined geographic information system and remote sensing method to quantify the key proximate drivers (i.e., replacement land uses) of mangrove deforestation in Southeast Asia between 2000 and 2012. Mangrove forests were lost at an average rate of 0.18% per year, which is lower than previously published estimates. In total, more than 100,000 ha of mangroves were removed during the study period, with aquaculture accounting for 30% of this total forest change. The rapid expansion of rice agriculture in Myanmar, and the sustained conversion of mangroves to oil palm plantations in Malaysia and Indonesia, are identified as additional increasing and under-recognized threats to mangrove ecosystems. Our study highlights frontiers of mangrove deforestation in the border states of Myanmar, on Borneo, and in Indonesian Papua. To implement policies that conserve mangrove forests across Southeast Asia, it is essential to consider the national and subnational variation in the land uses that follow deforestation.

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Baharlouii, M., D. Mafi Gholami et M. Abbasi. « INVESTIGATING MANGROVE FRAGMENTATION CHANGES USING LANDSCAPE METRICS ». ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W18 (18 octobre 2019) : 159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w18-159-2019.

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Abstract. Generally, investigation of long-term mangroves fragmentation changes can be used as an important tool in assessing sensitivity and vulnerability of these ecosystems to the multiple environmental hazards. Therefore, the aim of this study was to reveal the trend of mangroves fragmentation changes in Khamir habitat using satellite imagery and Fragstats software during a 30-year period (1986–2016). To this end, Landsat images of 1986, 1998, and 2016 were used and after computing the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to distinguish mangroves from surrounding water and land areas, images were further processed and classified into two types of land cover (i.e., mangrove and non-mangrove areas) using the maximum likelihood classification method. By determining the extent of mangroves in the Khamir habitat in the years of 1986, 1998 and 2017, the trend of fragmentation changes was quantified using CA, NP, PD and LPI landscape metrics. The results showed that the extent of mangroves in Khamir habitat (CA) decreased in the period post-1998 (1998–2016). The results also showed that, the NP and PD increased in the period of post-1998 and in contrast, the LPI decrease in this period. These results revealed the high degree of vulnerability of mangroves in Khamir habitat to the drought occurrence and are thus threatened by climate change. We hope that the results of this study stimulate further climate change adaptation planning efforts and help decision-makers prioritize and implement conservative measures in the mangrove ecosystems on the northern coasts of the PG and the GO and elsewhere.

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Hamzah, A. Hadian Pratama, Trisno Anggoro et Sri Puryono. « Konsep Co-Management dalam Pendekatan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Mangrove di Desa Lubuk Kertang, Brandan Barat, Sumatera Utara ». J-MAS (Jurnal Manajemen dan Sains) 5, n^o 1 (15 avril 2020) : 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jmas.v5i1.160.

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Mangroves are one of the important coastal ecosystems that have various benefits and their uses are carried out by various stakeholders. This study aims to 1) find out and analyze the condition of mangrove resources and community beneficiaries, 2) analyze the roles and functions of each stakeholder, and 3) find out and analyze the form of co-management of mangrove ecosystem management in Lubuk Kertang Village, West Brandan, Langkat Regency. Mangrove vegetation data collection is done using the quadratic transect method; while taking socioeconomic, institutional, and interview data using survey and purposive sampling methods. Data obtained from mangrove vegetation include density, frequency, cover, and mangrove importance index. Stakeholder analysis using a matrix of interests and influences. Research shows there are 5 types of mangroves in Lubuk Kertang Village, namely Avicennia marina, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora stylosa and Sonneratia alba. Strategies in the context of expanding mangrove forests are with these types. Stakeholder analysis identified 16 stakeholders who were classified in 4 groups, namely subject, key players, crowd, and by standers. Mangrove management in Lubuk Kertang Village is still in the consultative stage. To improve effectiveness, management is directed at the cooperative level in the co-management spectrum with management strategies.

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Saputro, Danang Adi, Frida Purwanti et Siti Rudiyanti. « KONDISI WISATA MANGROVE DI DESA PASAR BANGGI, KABUPATEN REMBANG Mangrove Tourism Conditions in Pasar Banggi Village, Rembang Regency ». Management of Aquatic Resources Journal (MAQUARES) 8, n^o 3 (26 juillet 2019) : 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/marj.v8i3.24259.

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ABSTRAK Mangrove merupakan tumbuhan yang hidup di daerah pasang surut sebagai ekosistem interface antara daratan dengan lautan. Ekosistem mangrove di desa Pasar Banggi Kabupaten Rembang merupakan perpaduan antara mangrove alami dan hasil rehabilitasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kondisi mangrove di Desa Pasar Banggi, Rembang dilihat dari komposisi jenis, kerapatan dan ketebalan mangrove serta menganalisis tingkat kesesuaian wisata mangrove di Desa Pasar Banggi, Rembang. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survey lapangan yang bersifat eksploratif, dimana teknis pengumpulan data menggunakan sistematik sampling. Data yang diambil meliputi 5 variabel yaitu: jenis, kerapatan mangrove dan asosiasi biota (hasil pengamatan lapangan dan perbandingan dari penelitian terdahulu), ketebalan (citra Google Earth Oktober 2016), pasang surut (data BMKG Oktober 2016). Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada 3 stasiun, dimana setiap stasiun terdapat 3 titik sampling. Komposisi jenis mangrove di desa Pasar Banggi terdapat 3 jenis mangrove yaitu Rhizopora stylosa, R. mucronata, dan R. Apiculata, dengan kerapatan mangrove tertinggi yaitu 62 ind/100m2 dan ketebalan mangrove tertinggi sepanjang 139 m. Kondisi hutan mangrove desa Pasar Banggi termasuk dalam kategori sesuai (S2) untuk kegiatan wisata berkelanjutan di Kabupaten Rembang. ABSTRACT Mangroves are plants that grow in a tidal areas an interface ecosystems between terrestrial and marine. Mangrove ecosystem in the Pasar Banggi Village, Rembang Regency is a combination results of natural mangrove and rehabilitation. The purpose of this study were to determine condition of mangroves in the Pasar Banggi Village, Rembang, seen from the species composition, density and thickness of mangroves and to analyze the suitability level of mangrove tourism in the Pasar Banggi Village, Rembang. The method used in this study was an exploratory survey method, data collected using systematic sampling techniques. Mangrove tourism data collection was carried out of 5 variables, i.e.: type of mangrove, density of mangroves and associations of biota (from observations and comparisons of previous studies), thickness (Google Earth image October 2016), tides (data BMKG October 2016). Sampling was conducted at 3 stations, each station has 3 sampling points. The composition of mangrove species in Pasar Banggi village consists of 3 types of mangroves, namely Rhizopora stylosa, R. mucronata, and R. Apiculata, with the highest density of mangrove 62 ind / 100m2 and the highest thickness of mangrove along 139 m. The condition of mangrove forest in the Pasar Banggi village was included in the appropriate category (S2) for sustainable tourism activities in the Rembang Regency.

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Irwansyah, Irwansyah, Sugiyarto Sugiyarto et Edwi Mahajoeno. « Struktur Komunitas Ekosistem Mangrove Di Teluk Serewe Pulau Lombok Nusa Tenggara Barat ». Bioeksperimen : Jurnal Penelitian Biologi 5, n^o 2 (14 novembre 2019) : 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/bioeksperimen.v5i2.9242.

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The purpose of this study is to obtain the value of density, frequency, mangrove cover and the mangrove importance index (INP Mangrove) The method used for belt transects. The quadratic transect method measures 10 m x 10 m (tree category), 5 m x 5 m (sapling category) and 2 m x 2 m (seedling category). The results found that the mangrove community in Serewe Bay, Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara. Tree strata are dominated by Sonneratia alba species, pole strata are dominated by Sonneratia alba species and the seedling strata are dominated by Pemphis acidula. This shows that the existence of these three types can be found in almost every plot / plot. The Importance Value Index (INP) of mangroves obtained is classified as moderate, this shows that mangroves in Serewe Bay, Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara have an important role for the coastal environment.

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Oroh, Dannie R. S., Easter Ch, M. Tulung et Octavianus Lintong. « Monitoring pertumbuhan mangrove di area modulasi karang dan mangrove Kampus Tateli Politeknik Negeri Manado ». JURNAL PESISIR DAN LAUT TROPIS 7, n^o 3 (25 novembre 2019) : 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jplt.7.3.2019.26447.

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Research conducted in the Coral and Mangrove Modulation Area of the Tateli Campus of the Polytechnic of Manado State, in January to October 2019 aims to identify and differentiate the types of mangroves and then obtain data on mangrove growth in the Coral & Mangrove Modulation Area of the Tateli Campus. Retrieval of data using an area of 20 m2 of mangrove modulation and divided into four quadrants measuring 10 m2, while the tools used are: a compass to determine the direction or azimuth of research, a meter to measure distances., A photo camera for documentation tools, computers and other stationery which is used for data processing and writing research, rope, Tally sheet., Height measuring devices. Observations and data collection in this study included the measurement of trees, saplings, seedling height, seedling leaves, and seedling branches. From the existing mangrove modulation, four quadrants of mangrove observation were obtained. There are a number of mangrove individuals whose growth is observed and seen from the height, number of leaves and branches of the mangrove. Based on observations, it was found that in quadrant one there were two types of mangroves in the seedling phase, namely Rhizophora Apiculata and Rhizophora Mucronata with a total of 17 individuals. The average leaves of R. Apiculata are 7 strands. Then in the second quadrant two mangrove species were found, namely R. Apiculata and Sonneratia Alba, with a total of 15 individuals where the average height of Rhizophora Apiculata seedlings was 78cm, while Sonneratia Alba was 25.71cm. Furthermore, in this third quadrant only one species of mangrove Sonneratia Alba was found in the seedling phase. In this quadrant there are 15 mangrove individuals, with an average height value of 28.33 cm, an average value of leaves of 7.8 strands, an average value of 0.27 branches and the last in the fourth quadrant there are four types of mangrove seedlings namely R. Apiculata, R. mucronata, Brugueira Gymnoriza, and Sonneratia Alba. In this quadrant, 30 individual mangrove seedlings were found. Based on these results it can be concluded that from the existing mangrove modulation, obtained four quadrants of mangrove observation. There are several mangrove individuals whose growth is observed, as seen from the height, number of leaves and branches of the mangrove. Then the average mangrove growth is dominated by R. mucronata species. Whereas the highest rate of mangrove growth for 10 months is Brugueira Sp. Keywords: Mangroves, Growth

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Duke, Norman C., Colin Field, Jock R. Mackenzie, Jan-Olaf Meynecke et Apanie L. Wood. « Rainfall and its possible hysteresis effect on the proportional cover of tropical tidal-wetland mangroves and saltmarsh–saltpans ». Marine and Freshwater Research 70, n^o 8 (2019) : 1047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf18321.

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Mangrove–saltmarsh tidal wetlands are highly dynamic ecosystems, responding and adapting to climate and physical conditions at all spatial and temporal scales. Knowledge of the large-scale ecosystem processes involved and how they might be influenced by climate variables is highly relevant today. For tidal-wetland sites well within the latitudinal range of the mostly tropical mangrove communities, we confirm that average annual rainfall influences vegetative cover, as well as species composition and biomass of tidal wetlands. On the basis of 205 largely unmodified, tropical and subtropical estuaries of northern Australia, a sigmoidal relationship, with a centroid inflection point ~1368mm, was derived between rainfall and the relative amounts of high-biomass mangroves and low-biomass saltmarsh–saltpan vegetation. The presence and probability of observed combinations of these community types were quantified using the wetland cover index, which is the ratio of total mangrove area to that of mangroves plus intertidal saltmarsh and saltpans. Accordingly, periodic changes in rainfall trends are likely manifest as either encroachment or dieback of mangroves along the ecotones separating them from tidal saltmarsh–saltpans. Presented is a new conceptual framework and model that describes how such ecosystem-scale processes take place in tropical and subtropical tidal wetlands.

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Maria, G. L., et K. R. Sridhar. « Fungal colonization of immersed wood in mangroves of the southwest coast of India ». Canadian Journal of Botany 82, n^o 10 (1 octobre 2004) : 1409–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b04-090.

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Patterns of fungal colonization during in situ decomposition of woody substrata of two mangrove tree species (Avicennia officinalis L. and Rhizophora mucronata Lamk.) were studied in the Udyavara mangrove forest in the west coast of India. Wood pieces detached from the terrestrial parts of trees were packed in litter bags and introduced into the mangrove habitat at low tide. Samples were retrieved at different intervals for up to 18 months. They were scanned for fungi following incubation in the laboratory for up to 6 months on a sand bath with sterile mangrove water collected on each sampling date. Temperature, pH, oxygen, and salinity of water were assessed at each sampling date to relate to the colonization of fungi on wood. Forty-five species of fungi comprising 20 ascomycetes and 25 anamor phic taxa were recovered. Aigialus mangrovei Borse, Cirrenalia pygmea Kohlm., Cirrenalia tropicalis Kohlm., Lignin cola laevis Höhnk, Lulworthia sp., Savoryella paucispora (Crib et J.W. Cribb) J. Koch, Tirispora sp., Trichocladium achrasporum (Meyers et R.T. Moore) Dixon, and Verruculina enalia (Kohlm.) Kohlm. et Volkm.-Kohlm. were the core group (frequency of occurrence, ≥10%) Avicennia officinalis wood. Aigialus mangrovei, Ascosalsum cincin natulum (Shearer et J.L. Crane) J. Campb., J.L. Anderson et Shearer, Cirrenalia pygmea, Cirrenalia tropicalis, Lul worthia grandispora Meyers, Tirispora sp., and Verruculina enalia were the core group on R. mucronata wood. On both wood types, distinct peaks were seen in richness, diversity, and core-group fungi after 2, 10, and 14 months of immersion. Avicennia officinalis yielded a higher number of fungi in most of the samples than did R. mucronata. Within 2 months, typical marine fungi replaced the terrestrial fungi on the wood because of increased salinity. The number of fungi recorded in the month of August (monsoon season) was highest. Most of the additional fungi were terrestrial fungi that colonized the wood because of a decline in salinity. The pattern of fungal colonization with respect to early, late, and persistent colonizers was similar in both types of wood. Instead of differing in fungal species, the frequency of colonization of fungi differed on Avicennia officinalis and R. mucronata wood, which indicates substrate recurrence rather than specificity.Key words: colonization, diversity, filamentous fungi, mangroves, seasonal occurrence, woody litter.

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Souza-Júnior, Valdomiro Severino de, Pablo Vidal-Torrado, Maria Teresa Garcia-González, Felipe Macías et Xosé Luis Otero. « Smectite in mangrove soils of the State of São Paulo, Brazil ». Scientia Agricola 67, n^o 1 (février 2010) : 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162010000100007.

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Smectitic clay minerals are frequently identified in mangrove soils, but there is little information about their types and origins. Besides their importance in the agronomical and geotechnical areas, smectites play an important environmental role by adsorbing nutrients, organic pollutants and heavy metals. Smectites found in mangrove soils can be of marine or continental detrital origin, or of neoformation origin. Thus, the objective of this study was to identify the types of smectites present in the State of São Paulo mangrove soils (Brazil), and to relate them to their possible origins. Soil samples were taken in five mangroves along the State of Sao Paulo State coast line. The mineral composition of the clay fraction was identified by X-ray Diffractometry (XRD) applying the Greene-Kelly test and by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Highlighting the peaks in the 3,560 cm-1 band and in the region near 798 and 820 cm-1, there was a predominance of nontronite in the soil at the Sítio Grande River, Pai Matos Island, Caranguejo Island and Itapanhaú River mangroves, and possibly a lower concentration of ferric montmorillonite in the Escuro River mangrove. Since the continental sediments in these environments are very poor in smectite, the origin of these minerals in the mangrove soils studied is related to sedimentation left by past marine transgressions, to neoformation processes, or yet to a combination of both origins.

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Rudianto, Armyn Atlanta Putra et Citra Satrya Utama Dewi. « ANALYSIS OF THE ABILITY OF MANGROVE SEQUESTRATION AND CARBON STOCK IN PEJARAKAN VILLAGE, BULELENG REGENCY, BALI ». Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis 11, n^o 3 (1 décembre 2019) : 511–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jitkt.v11i3.24049.

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Mangroves have a major role as carbon absorption and stock. However, this potential cannot be maximized, due to the high level of mangrove damage. The research question is the extent of the ability of mangroves to absorb carbon dioxide (CO2) and store it in the form of biomass. The purpose of this study was to determine the absorption ability and carbon stock of various types of mangove. The research location was chosen in Pejarakan village, Buleleng Regency, Bali Province, Indonesia as a case study. The method used is non-destructive to obtain diameter data at the height of mangrove trees, by collecting garbage and sediment samples manually on the floor of mangrove forests and to motivate the Government and local communities to restore mangrove forests. The results showed that the high density types of Sonneratia alba turned out to have the ability to absorb and store carbon, compared to other mangrove species. The results showed that S. alba is estimated to have the ability to absorb 57.60 tons of CO2 ha-1 which is equivalent to 15.71 tons C ha-1. While the lowest value is the Osbornia octodonta with the lowest density value. S. alba's ability to store carbon is 5.56 tons of CO2 ha-1 or equivalent to 1.52 tons C ha-1. The conclusion is that S. alba has the highest ability to absorb and store carbon.

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Ilham, Aulia, et Marza Ihsan Marzuki. « MACHINE LEARNING-BASED MANGROVE LAND CLASSIFICATION ON WORLDVIEW-2 SATELLITE IMAGE IN NUSA LEMBONGAN ISLAND ». International Journal of Remote Sensing and Earth Sciences (IJReSES) 14, n^o 2 (8 janvier 2018) : 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.30536/j.ijreses.2017.v14.a2820.

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Machine learning is an empirical approach for regressions, clustering and/or classifying (supervised or unsupervised) on a non-linear system. This method is mainly used to analyze a complex system for wide data observation. In remote sensing, machine learning method could be used for image data classification with software tools independence. This research aims to classify the distribution, type, and area of mangroves using Akaike Information Criterion approach for case study in Nusa Lembongan Island. This study is important because mangrove forests have an important role ecologically, economically, and socially. For example is as a green belt for protection of coastline from storm and tsunami wave. Using satellite images Worldview-2 with data resolution of 0.46 meters, this method could identify automatically land class, sea class/water, and mangroves class. Three types of mangrove have been identified namely: Rhizophora apiculata, Sonnetaria alba, and other mangrove species. The result showed that the accuracy of classification was about 68.32%.

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Arunprasath, A., et M. Gomathinayagam. « Ecological Importance of Rhizophoraceae - A True Mangrove Family ». International Letters of Natural Sciences 43 (juillet 2015) : 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.43.6.

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Mangroves are various types of trees up to medium height and shrubs that grow in saline coastal sediment habitats in the tropics and subtropics mainly between latitudes 25° N and 25° S. Mangrove ecosystems represent natural capital capable of producing a wide range of goods and services for coastal environments and communities and society as a whole. Some of these outputs, such as timber, are freely exchanged in formal markets. Value is determined in these markets through exchange and quantified in terms of price. Particularly the mangroves of Rhizophoraceae have so many ecological importances. Breeding and nursery grounds for a number of marine organisms including the commercially important shrimp crab and fish species. Mangrove trees are also used for house building, furniture, transmission as well as telephone poles and certain household items. Mangrove trees have been the source of firewood in India since ancient time. Because of the high specific gravity of rhizophoraceous wood, the species of Rhizophora, Kandelia, Ceriops and Bruguiera are preferred for firewood.

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Henderson, Christopher J., Ben L. Gilby, Thomas A. Schlacher, Rod M. Connolly, Marcus Sheaves, Nicole Flint, Hayden P. Borland et Andrew D. Olds. « Contrasting effects of mangroves and armoured shorelines on fish assemblages in tropical estuarine seascapes ». ICES Journal of Marine Science 76, n^o 4 (4 février 2019) : 1052–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsz007.

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Abstract Coastal seascapes are composed of a diversity of habitats that are linked in space and time by the movement of organisms. The context and configuration of coastal ecosystems shapes many important properties of animal assemblages, but potential seascape effects of natural and artificial habitats on nearby habitats are typically considered in isolation. We test whether, and how, the seascape context of natural and urban habitats modified fish assemblages across estuaries. Fish were sampled with underwater videos in five habitat types (mangroves, rock bars, log snags, unvegetated sediments, armoured shorelines) in 17 estuaries in eastern Australia. Different habitats supported distinct fish assemblages, but the spatial context of mangroves and armoured shorelines had pervasive ecological effects that extended across entire estuaries. In most estuarine habitats, fish diversity and abundance was greatest when they were in close proximity of mangroves, and decreased due to the proximity of armoured shorelines. Many cities are centred on estuaries, and urban expansion is often associated with the fragmentation of mangrove forests. Our findings emphasize that these transformations of urban estuarine landscapes are likely to propagate to broader ecological impacts detectable in multiple habitats beyond mangrove forests.

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Govender, Joelene, Trishan Naidoo, Anusha Rajkaran, Senzo Cebekhulu, Astika Bhugeloo et Sershen Sershen. « Towards Characterising Microplastic Abundance, Typology and Retention in Mangrove-Dominated Estuaries ». Water 12, n^o 10 (9 octobre 2020) : 2802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12102802.

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Plastic and, particularly, microplastic (MP) pollution is a growing research theme, dedicated largely to marine systems. Occurring at the land–sea interface, estuarine habitats such as mangroves are at risk of plastic pollution. This study compared MP pollution (level, morphotype, polymer composition, size and colour) across four South African estuaries, in relation to the built and natural environment. Mouth status, surrounding human population densities and land-use practices influenced the level and type of MP pollution. Systems that were most at risk were predominantly open estuaries surrounded by high population densities and diverse land use types. Microplastic levels and the diversity of types detected increased with increasing levels of anthropogenic disturbance. Overall, microfibres dominated in estuarine water (69%) and mangrove sediment (51%). Polyethylene (43%) and polypropylene (23%) were the dominant polymers overall. Weathered fishing gear, weathered packaging items and run-off from urban/industrial centres are probable sources of MP pollution. Increased run-off and river input during the wet/rainy season may explain the markedly higher MP loads in estuarine waters relative to the dry season. By contrast, MP deposition in mangrove sediment was higher during the dry season. Sediment MP abundance was significantly positively correlated with both pneumatophore density and sediment size (500–2000 µm). This study highlights the role of mangroves as MP sinks, which may limit movement of MPs into adjacent environments. However, under conditions such as flooding and extreme wave action, mangroves may shift from sinks to sources of plastic pollution.

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Saru, Amran, Rijal Idrus et Muh Ilham. « THE MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM POTENTIAL FOR EDUCATIONAL TOUR DEVELOPMENT AROUND POND EDUCATION OF HASANUDDIN UNIVERSITY (UNHAS) IN MALLUSETASI DISTRICT, BARRU REGENCY. » Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan SPERMONDE 5, n^o 2 (3 janvier 2020) : 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/jiks.v5i2.8934.

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This research was conducted in October 2017. The research location was the Hasanuddin University Education Pond, Bojo Village, Mallusetasi District, Barru Regency. The objectives of this study were: (a) To identify the various types of mangroves that make up the educational field in the Hasanuddin University Education Pond; (b) To Identify and to recognize the organisms associated with various types of mangroves that compose educational sites on the coast of the UNHAS Education Pond, and (c) To analyze data and information related to mangrove ecosystems and their associated organisms for the suitability of Education. Mangrove data collection using transect (Line transect) with 10 x 10 meters plot area, while collecting macrozoobenthos data using a scope and sieve net, while observing other parameters at the five stations with three replications carried out based on instructions (Englis, at.al., 1994; Noor, et al., 1999; Saru, 2013; and Bahar, et al., 2015). The results showed that 3 mangrove families were identified, namely Avicenniaceae, Rhizophoraceae, and Sonneratiaceae consisting of 7 species of mangrove, namely: Avicennia marina, Bruguiera gymnorhiza, Ceriops decandra, Rhizophora apiculata, R. mucronata, R. stylosa, and Soneratia alba. While the associated organisms, namely: 3 species for Carustacea, 4 species for Fish, 7 species for Mollusca, 3 species for Bird and 1 species for Reptile. Based on the results of land suitability analysis showed that the ecosystem of mangrove in Hasanuddin University Education Pond included in the conditional category for the development of Mangrove Education tour.

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Mojiol, Andy R., Julius Kodoh, Razak Wahab, Medy Majuki et Wahyudi Wahyudi. « Contribution of Non-Wood Forest Product to The Local Community Living Near Mangrove Forest in Kudat, Sabah ». Journal of Tropical Resources and Sustainable Science (JTRSS) 4, n^o 1 (8 août 2021) : 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.47253/jtrss.v4i1.578.

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This study was conducted to identify the types of non-wood forest products from the mangrove forests that are used by people of the mangrove fringe, reviewing the contribution of non-wood forest product sales of mangrove forest on the edge of the mangrove population income sources and investigate the local use of mangrove’s non-wood forest products of socio-economic development of the mangrove fringe population. The method which was used is by distributing the questionnaires and carried out formal interviews with the respondents. The locations which were studied are Kampung Limau Limauan, Kampung Bukit Kelapa, Kampung Longgom Kecil and Kampung Indrasun Laut. The questionnaires comprises of three parts which the first, second and third parts are containing the information regarding on the demographic of the respondent, the inventory of the mangrove’s non-wood forest products which sells by the respondent and the contribution of the mangrove’s non-wood forest product to the development respondent’s socioeconomy respectively. The respondents as a whole are more than 53 people and only 13 people only involved in the recruitment of mangroves. Of the total, found only three respondents whoactually depend on the mangrove’s non-wood forest products, while 10 others were only made to take the job as a sideline of mangrove forests. The types of mangrove’s non-wood forest products stated are mangrove crab (Scylla sarrata), shell (Cerithidea obtuse), cat fish (Plotosus sp.), mullet fish (Valamugil seheli) and marine shell (Polymesuda expansa). However, only four out of six products are marketed which are marine shell, shell, and mangrove crab and cat fish while the other is for domestic purposes. Based on data collected on correlation of the relationship between the average incomes of non-wood forest product sales of mangrove forests with a total average monthly income of respondents, it shows a positive relationship with r=0.527. The value of contribution of the average income from the selling of mangrove’s non-wood forest product over the total average of monthly income is 28.7 %. The Local usage value of mangrove’s product is calculated based on the formula of Local usage value = ?Pi Qi – Ci. The value of the local use non-wood forest products from the mangrove forests which are marketed by RM 1924.40 per month while the total value of products marketed locally applied to each individual is at RM 148.03 a month. As a conclusion,mangrove forests do contribute to the development of residence’s socio-economy although the value is low.

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Hariyati, Riche, Sri Widodo Agung Suedy et Rully Rahadian. « Community structure of algae epiphytic in different leaf litter of mangroves ». NICHE Journal of Tropical Biology 1, n^o 2 (26 novembre 2018) : 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/niche.1.2.30-34.

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Mangrove is a plant that has the morphological and physiological adaptations to habitats which influenced by a tide. This plant can grow and develop in an environment of high salinity and its soil conditions are less stable and aerobic. Litter mangrove is the main source for the availability of detritus and is the largest component constituent of a food web in a mangrove ecosystem environment. Algae epiphytic microalgae is a group that lives attached to the plant, including the mangrove litter. The study aims to assess the abundance and diversity of epiphytic algae on different types of mangrove leaf litter. The observed mangroves leaf litter were Avicennia alba, Sonneratia sp. and Rhizophora sp. Epiphytic algae were brushed on mangrove leaf litter covering an area of 6.25 cm2 and diluted with distilled water. Samples were observed under a microscope with a magnification of 400 x. Water quality parameters were measured in situ and the organic ingredients, total N and P were analyzed. The results showed that epiphytic algae on each type of mangrove leaf litter were not different. Rhizophora sp is the most abundant and the richest species compared with other types of litter that are equal to 622 individuals / cm2 and 26 species of epiphytic algae. While the abundance of Avicennia alba and Sonneratia sp were 459 ind/cm2 and 321 ind /cm2, in the coastal mangrove areas of Morodemak was found 28 species of epiphytic algae. The common epiphytic algae species found in all types of mangrove litter were Cymbella sp., Coscinodiscus sp., and Synedra ulna. In general, the group of Bacillariophyta (diatoms) is the dominant species in some mangrove leaf.

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Imanuel, Andrean Nggara, Efriyeldi et Syafruddin Nasution. « CONDITION OF MANGROVE FORESTS IN DOMPAK URBAN VILLAGE BUKIT BESTARI SUB-DISTRICT RIAU ISLAND PROVINCE ». Asian Journal of Aquatic Sciences 3, n^o 3 (3 décembre 2020) : 286–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/ajoas.3.3.286-296.

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This study was conducted in December 2019, which was located in Dompak Village, Bukit Bestari District, Tanjungpinang City, Riau Islands Province. The purpose of this study was to determine the species composition and condition of mangrove forests based on the value of density, canopy cover and the importance value index of mangroves. The survey method was used in this study, where the data collected was primary data. There are 10 types of mangroves including Avicennia lanata, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, B. cylindrica, Rhizophora apiculata, R. stylosa, Nypa fruticans, Sonneratia alba, Xylocarpus granatum, Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea and Hibiscus tiliaceus. Mangrove density was in good condition with moderate to dense ranging from 1344.44-1555.56 ind/ha. Canopy cover was in good condition ranging from 61.49-68.47%. The highest importance value index was R. apiculata with a value of 140.32% and the lowest was B. cylindrica with a value of 4.29%.

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SIPAHELUT, PATRICIA, D. WAKANO et D. E. SAHERTIAN. « Keanekaragaman Jenis Dan Dominansi Mangrove Di Pesisir Pantai Desa Sehati Kecamatan Amahai, Kabupaten Maluku Tengah ». Biosel : Biology Science and Education 8, n^o 2 (2 janvier 2020) : 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.33477/bs.v8i2.1145.

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Geographically, Indonesia is in the tropics. This causes Indonesian waters to become increasingly rich in various types of marine biota which must be found in coastal waters. Coastal waters are places where various ecosystems with high organic productivity are found, one of which is mangrove. Mangroves are plants that live in coastal areas whose lives are always influenced by tidal currents. This study will explain how the diversity of mangroves and how the dominance of mangrove species on the coast of Sehati Village, Amahai District, Central Maluku Regency. This research was conducted to determine the species diversity and dominance of mangrove species. So that the results of this study show that in the coastal waters of Desa Sehati, Amahai Subdistrict, Central Maluku Regency, 5 mangrove species were found, namely Rhizophora mucronata, Bruguiera cylindrica, Bruguiera gymnorhiza, Sonneratia alba and Nypa fruticans which were members of 2 classes (Magnoliopsida and Liliopsida), 2 orders (Myrtales and Arecales), 3 families (Rhizophoraceae, Sonneratiaceae and Arecaceae), and 4 genera (Rhizophora, Bruguiera, Sonneratia and Nypa) with medium species diversity indexes and low species dominance. Key Words: Mangrove, Species Diversity, Species Dominance

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Irham, Muhammad, Saidatul Adhla et Chitra Octavina. « Analisis kimia sedimen di sekitar ekosistem mangrove desa Lambadeuk, Peukan Bada, Aceh Besar ». Depik 9, n^o 1 (2 janvier 2020) : 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.13170/depik.9.1.15163.

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Abstract. Research on analysis of sediments chemistry around the mangrove ecosystem of Lambadeuk village, Peukan Bada Subdistrict aimed to the analyze nutrient content of sediments around mangrove ecosystem which grows in Lambadeuk, Aceh Besar. The study was conducted in April 2018 - May 2019. Research stations were determined by using purposive random sampling method then sediment samples were taken by coring technic. The results of the analysis showed that there are two types of sediments; muddy sand and sandy mud type of sediment. Sandy mud sediment has higher organic matter than muddy sand. The percentage value of total organic matters ranged from 27.89% - 42.41%, while C-Organic was between 0.08% - 1.28%. The percentage of dominant C-organic was found in places that are overgrown with mangroves, while the total organic matter content is more in places that does not have mangroves. In addition to the presence of mangroves that affect the amount of organic sediment and type of sediment, oceanographic factors such as currents, topography, organic matter content, and C-Organic are also affect the type of existing sediment.Keywords: Mangroves, Sediment, Organic matter, C-Organic.Abstrak. Penelitian mengenai analisis kimia sedimen di sekitar ekosistem mangrove Desa Lambadeuk, Kecamatan Peukan Bada bertujuan untuk menganalisis kandungan unsur hara sedimen di sekitar ekosistem mangrove yang tumbuh di daerah Lambadeuk, Aceh Besar. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan April – Mei 2019. Metode penentuan stasiun penelitian menggunakan metode purposive random sampling kemudian sampel sedimen diambil dengan menggunakan coring. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tipe sedimen yang ada di Desa Lambadeuk, Kecamatan Peukan Bada terdapat dua tipe sedimen yaitu pasir berlumpur (muddy sand) dan lumpur berpasir (sandy mud). Tipe sedimen lumpur berpasir memiliki kandungan bahan organik lebih tinggi daripada pasir berlumpur. Nilai persentase kandungan bahan organik total berkisar yaitu berkisar antara 27,89 % - 42,41 %, sedangkan C-organik berkisar antara 0,08 % - 1,28 %. Persentase C-organik lebih banyak terdapat di tempat yang banyak ditumbuhi mangrove, sedangkan kandungan bahan organik total lebih banyak di tempat yang tidak ditumbuhi mangrove sama sekali. Disamping keberadaan mangrove yang mempengaruhi besarnya bahan organic sedimen, faktor-faktor oseanografi seperti arus, topografi, kandungan bahan organik, dan C-organik juga mempengauhi tipe sedimen yang ada.Kata Kunci: Mangrove, Sedimen, Bahan Organik, C-organik.

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Nanulaitta, Elsye M., Abraham H. Tulalessy et Deli Wakano. « ANALISIS KERAPATAN MANGROVE SEBAGAI SALAH SATU INDIKATOR EKOWISATA DI PERAIRAN PANTAI DUSUN ALARIANO KECAMATAN AMAHAI KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGAH ». JURNAL HUTAN PULAU-PULAU KECIL 3, n^o 2 (1 octobre 2019) : 217–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/jhppk.2019.3.2.217.

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This study aims to determine the type and density of mangroves on the coast of Alariano sub-village Amahai District, Central Maluku Regency. This research was carried out in May 2019. The research location was divided into 2 stations. this research is descriptive quantitative. The method used in this research is line transect and sample plot (Transect line plot. Based on the results of the study found 6 types of mangroves including Achantus ebracteatus, Aegiceras corniculatum, Sonnerattia alba, Bruguiera gymnorhiza, Rhizophora apiculata, Xylocarpus granatum. According to the standard criteria of mangrove damage. the results of the calculation of species density at station I and station II are categorized as very dense so that they can be potential for ecotourism development.

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Duya, Novia, et Rista Noveria. « JENIS-JENIS CRUSTACEA DI CAGAR ALAM TELUK KLOWE PULAU ENGGANO KABUPATEN BENGKULU UTARA ». Konservasi Hayati 15, n^o 1 (10 avril 2019) : 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33369/hayati.v1i1.10943.

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Mangrove forest in Cagar Alam of Klowe Bay is one of the conservation forest on Enggano Island. Mangroves for serving as an ecological function that can keep from coastal abrasion. Mangroves can also be used as a habitat for water biota, one of which is crustaceans. The aim of this research is identification the types of Crustaceans in Klowe Bay Cagar Alam, Kahyapu Village, Enggano Island, North Bengkulu Regency. This research was conducted in January 2018 with exploration methods and the data were analyzed by descriptive qualitative. Based on theresults of the study, obtained 13 species, with the most genera found in Uca. The species found consist of Coenobita violascens, Uca annulipes, Uca boninensis, Uca crassipes, Uca dussumeiri, Uca tetragonon, Uca

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Sinyo, Yumima, Sutrisno Anggoro et Tri Retnaningsih Soeprobowati. « Sustainability of Teredo navalis L and Environmental Management Strategies in the Pandemic Era COVID-19 ». E3S Web of Conferences 202 (2020) : 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020203003.

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The Wailukum Mangrove Ecosystem requires a community based environmental management strategy. The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of mangrove roots and stems in medium tide zones, the dominance index of Teredo navalis L and environmental management strategies in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. This type of research is a case study. The research location is divided into two points, namely in the North and South. Sampling using the line transect method. Root and stem samples were observed using the quadratic method. The results of this study found that there are three types of mangroves that live in the medium tide zone, namely Rhizophora mucronata (Lamk.) Rhizophora apiculata and Rhizophora stylosa Griff. Characteristics of roots and stems have gaps and brittle easily. The dominance index of Teredo navalis L on the roots and stems is in the low category with the index range 0.01-0.62. Strategies that need to be used for environmental management of mangroves in Wailukum, East Halmahera Regency, are to open employment opportunities for the community, organize socialization and training of silvofishery systems for workers, make regulations to control community-based mangrove use and monitor violations of mangrove management.

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Heumann, Benjamin W. « Satellite remote sensing of mangrove forests : Recent advances and future opportunities ». Progress in Physical Geography : Earth and Environment 35, n^o 1 (février 2011) : 87–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133310385371.

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Mangroves are salt tolerant woody plants that form highly productive intertidal ecosystems in tropical and subtropical regions. Despite the established importance of mangroves to the coastal environment, including fisheries, deforestation continues to be a major threat due to pressures for wood and forest products, land conversion to aquaculture, and coastal urban development. Over the past 15 years, remote sensing has played a crucial role in mapping and understanding changes in the areal extent and spatial pattern of mangrove forests related to natural disasters and anthropogenic forces. This paper reviews recent advancements in remote-sensed data and techniques and describes future opportunities for integration or fusion of these data and techniques for large-scale monitoring in mangroves as a consequence of anthropogenic and climatic forces. While traditional pixel-based classification of Landsat, SPOT, and ASTER imagery has been widely applied for mapping mangrove forest, more recent types of imagery such as very high resolution (VHR), Polarmetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PolSAR), hyperspectral, and LiDAR systems and the development of techniques such as Object Based Image Analysis (OBIA), spatial image analysis (e.g. image texture), Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR), and machine-learning algorithms have demonstrated the potential for reliable and detailed characterization of mangrove forests including species, leaf area, canopy height, and stand biomass. Future opportunities include the application of existing sensors such as the hyperspectral HYPERION, the application of existing methods from terrestrial forest remote sensing, investigation of new sensors such as ALOS PRISM and PALSAR, and overcoming challenges to the global monitoring of mangrove forests such as wide-scale data availability, robust and consistent methods, and capacity-building with scientists and organizations in developing countries.

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Walker, Julie E., Christine Angelini, Ilgar Safak, Andrew H. Altieri et Todd Z. Osborne. « Effects of Changing Vegetation Composition on Community Structure, Ecosystem Functioning, and Predator–Prey Interactions at the Saltmarsh-Mangrove Ecotone ». Diversity 11, n^o 11 (1 novembre 2019) : 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d11110208.

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Decreasing frequency of freeze events due to climate change is enabling the poleward range expansion of mangroves. As these tropical trees expand poleward, they are replacing herbaceous saltmarsh vegetation. Mangroves and saltmarsh vegetation are ecosystem engineers that are typically viewed as having similar ecosystem functions. However, few studies have investigated whether predation regimes, community structure, and ecosystem functions are shifting at the saltmarsh-mangrove ecotone. In this study, we manipulated predator access to marsh and mangrove creekside habitats to test their role in mediating vegetation and invertebrate structure and stability in a two-year experiment. We also conducted a survey to evaluate how shifting vegetation is modifying structural complexity, invertebrate communities, and ecosystem functioning at the ecotone. Excluding larger (> 2 cm diameter) predators did not affect vegetation or invertebrate structure or stability in either saltmarsh or mangrove habitats. The survey revealed that the two habitat types consistently differ in structural metrics, including vegetation height, inter-stem distance, and density, yet they support similar invertebrate and algal communities, soil properties, and predation rates. We conclude that although mangrove range expansion immediately modifies habitat structural properties, it is not altering larger predator consumptive effects, community stability, community composition, or some other ecosystem functions and properties at the ecotone.

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Syafruddin, Yudha Saktian, Mahdi Mahdi et Yuerlita Yuerlita. « Pendugaan Cadangan Karbon Biru Pada Tingkat Pohon Di Desa Pulau Cawan Dan Desa Bekawan Kecamatan Mandah Provinsi Riau ». Jurnal Spasial 5, n^o 2 (7 janvier 2019) : 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.22202/js.v5i2.3040.

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Indonesia merupakan negara dengan garis pantai terpanjang kedua di dunia dan juga memiliki luas hutan mangrove terbesar di dunia, selain itu Indonesia juga memiliki keanekaragaman jenis vegetasi mangrove yang tinggi dimana 61 jenis vegetasi mangrove jenis pohon teridentifikasi berada di Indonesia. Mangrove termasuk pada kelompok karbon biru bersama dengan padan lamun dan terumbu karang. Deforestasi mangrove merupakan salah satu yang tercepat di dunia dengan penurunan 30-50% kawasan mangrove dalam 50 tahun terakhir. Dengan demikian laju hilangnya potensi karbon juga sangat besar mengingat mangrove menyimpan karbon 5 kali lebih besar dari hutan hujan tropis. Penelitian ini ingin membahas bagaimana kondisi hutan mangrove di desa Pulau Cawan dan Desa Bekawan di Kecamatan Mandah untuk melihat jenis vegetasi mangrove, besaran nilai tutupan dan kerapatan vegetasi mangrove, serta nilai biomassa, potensi karbon dan serapan karbon vegetasi mangrove dan melihat perbandingan nilai dari kedua desa tersebut.Indonesia is the second longest coastline in the world and also has the largest area of mangrove forest in the world, besides that Indonesia also has a high diversity of mangrove vegetation in which 61 types of mangrove vegetation of tree species were identified in Indonesia. Mangroves belong to the blue carbon group along with similar seagrasses and coral reefs. Mangrove deforestation is one of the fastest in the world with a 30-50% reduction in mangrove areas in the last 50 years. Thus the rate of loss of carbon potential is also very large considering that mangroves store carbon 5 times greater than tropical rainforests. This study intends to discuss how the condition of mangrove forests in Cawan Island and Bekawan Village in Mandah District to see the type of mangrove vegetation, the amount of cover value and density of mangrove vegetation, as well as biomass value, carbon potential and carbon uptake of mangrove vegetation and see the comparison of values from both villages that is.

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Gomes, Newton C. Marcial, Ludmila R. Borges, Rodolfo Paranhos, Fernando N. Pinto, Ellen Krögerrecklenfort, Leda C. S. Mendonça-Hagler et Kornelia Smalla. « Diversity of ndo Genes in Mangrove Sediments Exposed to Different Sources of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Pollution ». Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, n^o 22 (28 septembre 2007) : 7392–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01099-07.

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ABSTRACT Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) pollutants originating from oil spills and wood and fuel combustion are pollutants which are among the major threats to mangrove ecosystems. In this study, the composition and relative abundance in the sediment bacterial communities of naphthalene dioxygenase (ndo) genes which are important for bacterial adaptation to environmental PAH contamination were investigated. Three urban mangrove sites which had characteristic compositions and levels of PAH compounds in the sediments were selected. The diversity and relative abundance of ndo genes in total community DNA were assessed by a newly developed ndo denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) approach and by PCR amplification with primers targeting ndo genes with subsequent Southern blot hybridization analyses. Bacterial populations inhabiting sediments of urban mangroves under the impact of different sources of PAH contamination harbor distinct ndo genotypes. Sequencing of cloned ndo amplicons comigrating with dominant DGGE bands revealed new ndo genotypes. PCR-Southern blot analysis and ndo DGGE showed that the frequently studied nah and phn genotypes were not detected as dominant ndo types in the mangrove sediments. However, ndo genotypes related to nagAc-like genes were detected, but only in oil-contaminated mangrove sediments. The long-term impact of PAH contamination, together with the specific environmental conditions at each site, may have affected the abundance and diversity of ndo genes in sediments of urban mangroves.

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Schaduw, Joshian Nicolas William. « Struktur Komunitas Dan Keberlanjutan Pengelolaan Ekosistem Mangrove Pulau-Pulau Kecil (Kasus Pada Pulau Nain Kabupaten Minahasa Utara Provinsi Sulawesi Utara) ». Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan 16, n^o 2 (25 décembre 2018) : 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jil.16.2.120-129.

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ABSTRAKKajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa struktur komunitas dan keberlanjutan pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove di Pulau Nain Kecamatan Wori, Kabupaten Minahasa Utara, Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Pulau Nain adalah salah satu pulau yang masuk dalam kawasan konservasi Taman Nasional Bunaken dan memiliki kawasan budidaya rumput laut yang masih produktif. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dan primer. Data yang dibutuhkan dalam kajian ini meliputi data dimensi ekologi, sosial ekonomi, dan kelembagaan. Analisis yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah RAPMECS (Rapid Appraisal for Mangroves Ecosystem) dengan analisis multy dimensional scaling (MDS). Hasil yang diperoleh dari kajian ini adalah luasan mangrove Pulau Nain sebesar 4.40 ha, memiliki dua jenis mangrove yaitu Rhizophora apiculata dan Avicennia marinna masing-masing dari family Avicenniaceae dan Rhizophoraceae. Indeks nilai penting (INP) jenis tertinggi terlihat pada jenis Rhizophora apiculata (79.64%) sedangkan jenis Avicennia marinna (79.64%). Ekosistem mangrove Pulau Nain dalam kondisi yang baik, tapi secara kuantitas belum optimal sebagai buffer sistem lingkungan pesisir. Status keberlanjutan pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove Pulau Nain menunjukkan angka 46,89 yang berarti status keberlanjutan pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove pulau ini berada dalam kondisi cukup baik. Keterisolasian pulau, luasan mangrove yang kecil, luas pulau yang kecil dan rendahnya kualitas sumberdaya manusia membuat pulau ini memiliki nilai yang kurang baik untuk keberlanjutan pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove Pulau Nain. Pemantauan secara berkala dan strategi pengelolaan yang baik dapat meningkatkan indeks keberlanjutan pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove serta meningkatkan kapasitas lingkungan pesisir Pulau Nain.ABSTRACTThe aims of this study are to analyze the community structure and sustainability of mangrove ecosystem management in Nain Island, Wori District, North Minahasa, North Sulawesi Province. Nain Island is one of the islands rlocated in Bunaken National Park conservation area and has productive seaweed cultivation area. This study used secondary and primary data. Data required in this study are included dimension data of ecological, socio-economic, and institutional. The analysis that used in this study was RAPMECS (Rapid Appraisal for Mangroves Ecosystem) through multy dimensional scaling (MDS) analysis. The results obtained from this study are mangroves area in Nain Island was 4.40 ha, has two types of mangroves Rhizophora apiculata and Avicennia marinna respectively belong to family Avicenniaceae and Rhizophoraceae. The highest species importance value index (INP) wasfound in Rhizophora apiculata (79.64%) while Avicennia marinna (79.64%). Mangrove ecosystem in Nain Island are in good condition, but in quantity not yet optimal as buffer for coastal environment system. The sustainability status of mangrove ecosystem management of Nain Island shows 46.89 which means that the sustainability status of mangrove ecosystem management of this island is in fair condition. Isolation of island small mangrove areas, small islands and low quality of human resources make this island has a poor value for the sustainability of mangrove ecosystem management. Regular monitoring and good management strategies can improve the sustainability index of mangrove ecosystem management and increase the capacity of the coastal environment of Nain Island.Sitasi: Schaduw J.N.W. (2018). Struktur Komunitas Dan Keberlanjutan Pengelolaan Ekosistem Mangrove Pulau-Pulau Kecil (Kasus Pada Pulau Nain Kabupaten Minahasa Utara Provinsi Sulawesi Utara). Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 16(2), 120-129,doi:10.14710/jil.16.2.120-129

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Asanopoulos, Christina H., Jeff A. Baldock, Lynne M. Macdonald et Timothy R. Cavagnaro. « Quantifying blue carbon and nitrogen stocks in surface soils of temperate coastal wetlands ». Soil Research 59, n^o 6 (2021) : 619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr20040.

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Coastal wetlands are carbon and nutrient sinks that capture large amounts of atmospheric CO2 and runoff of nutrients. ‘Blue carbon’ refers to carbon stored within resident vegetation (e.g. mangroves, tidal marshes and seagrasses) and soil of coastal wetlands. This study aimed to quantify the impact of vegetation type on soil carbon stocks (organic and inorganic) and nitrogen in the surface soils (0–10 cm) of mangroves and tidal marsh habitats within nine temperate coastal blue carbon wetlands in South Australia. Results showed differences in surface soil organic carbon stocks (18.4 Mg OC ha–1 for mangroves; 17.6 Mg OC ha–1 for tidal marshes), inorganic carbon (31.9 Mg IC ha–1 for mangroves; 35.1 Mg IC ha–1 for tidal marshes), and total nitrogen (1.8 Mg TN ha–1 for both) were not consistently driven by vegetation type. However, mangrove soils at two sites (Clinton and Port Augusta) and tidal marsh soils at one site (Torrens Island) had larger soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks. These results highlighted site-specific differences in blue carbon stocks between the vegetation types and spatial variability within sites. Further, differences in spatial distribution of SOC within sites corresponded with variations in soil bulk density (BD). Results highlighted a link between SOC and BD in blue carbon soils. Understanding the drivers of carbon and nitrogen storage across different blue carbon environments and capturing its spatial variability will help improve predictions of the contribution these ecosystems to climate change mitigation.

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Yates, K. K., C. S. Rogers, J. J. Herlan, G. R. Brooks, N. A. Smiley et R. A. Larson. « Diverse coral communities in mangrove habitats suggest a novel refuge from climate change ». Biogeosciences 11, n^o 16 (19 août 2014) : 4321–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4321-2014.

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Abstract. Risk analyses indicate that more than 90% of the world's reefs will be threatened by climate change and local anthropogenic impacts by the year 2030 under "business-as-usual" climate scenarios. Increasing temperatures and solar radiation cause coral bleaching that has resulted in extensive coral mortality. Increasing carbon dioxide reduces seawater pH, slows coral growth, and may cause loss of reef structure. Management strategies include establishment of marine protected areas with environmental conditions that promote reef resiliency. However, few resilient reefs have been identified, and resiliency factors are poorly defined. Here we characterize the first natural, non-reef coral refuge from thermal stress and ocean acidification and identify resiliency factors for mangrove–coral habitats. We measured diurnal and seasonal variations in temperature, salinity, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and seawater chemistry; characterized substrate parameters; and examined water circulation patterns in mangrove communities where scleractinian corals are growing attached to and under mangrove prop roots in Hurricane Hole, St. John, US Virgin Islands. Additionally, we inventoried the coral species and quantified incidences of coral bleaching, mortality, and recovery for two major reef-building corals, Colpophyllia natans and Diploria labyrinthiformis, growing in mangrove-shaded and exposed (unshaded) areas. Over 30 species of scleractinian corals were growing in association with mangroves. Corals were thriving in low-light (more than 70% attenuation of incident PAR) from mangrove shading and at higher temperatures than nearby reef tract corals. A higher percentage of C. natans colonies were living shaded by mangroves, and no shaded colonies were bleached. Fewer D. labyrinthiformis colonies were shaded by mangroves, however more unshaded colonies were bleached. A combination of substrate and habitat heterogeneity, proximity of different habitat types, hydrographic conditions, and biological influences on seawater chemistry generate chemical conditions that buffer against ocean acidification. This previously undocumented refuge for corals provides evidence for adaptation of coastal organisms and ecosystem transition due to recent climate change. Identifying and protecting other natural, non-reef coral refuges is critical for sustaining corals and other reef species into the future.

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Yates, K. K., C. S. Rogers, J. J. Herlan, G. R. Brooks, N. A. Smiley et R. A. Larson. « Mangrove habitats provide refuge from climate change for reef-building corals ». Biogeosciences Discussions 11, n^o 3 (31 mars 2014) : 5053–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-5053-2014.

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Abstract. Risk analyses indicate that more than 90% of the world's reefs will be threatened by climate change and local anthropogenic impacts by the year 2030 under "business as usual" climate scenarios. Increasing temperatures and solar radiation cause coral bleaching that has resulted in extensive coral mortality. Increasing carbon dioxide reduces seawater pH, slows coral growth, and may cause loss of reef structure. Management strategies include establishment of marine protected areas with environmental conditions that promote reef resiliency. However, few resilient reefs have been identified, and resiliency factors are poorly defined. Here we characterize the first natural, non-reef, coral refuge from thermal stress and ocean acidification and identify resiliency factors for mangrove–coral habitats. We measured diurnal and seasonal variations in temperature, salinity, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and seawater chemistry; characterized substrate parameters; and examined water circulation patterns in mangrove communities where scleractinian corals are growing attached to and under mangrove prop roots in Hurricane Hole, St. John, US Virgin Islands. Additionally, we inventoried the coral species and quantified incidences of coral bleaching, mortality and recovery for two major reef-building corals, Colpophyllia natans and Diploria labyrinthiformis, growing in mangrove shaded and exposed (unshaded) areas. At least 33 species of scleractinian corals were growing in association with mangroves. Corals were thriving in low-light (more than 70% attenuation of incident PAR) from mangrove shading and at higher temperatures than nearby reef tract corals. A higher percentage of C. natans colonies was living shaded by mangroves, and no shaded colonies bleached. Fewer D. labyrinthiformis colonies were shaded by mangroves, however more unshaded colonies bleached. A combination of substrate and habitat heterogeniety, proximity of different habitat types, hydrographic conditions, and biological influences on seawater chemistry generate chemical conditions that buffer against ocean acidification. This previously undocumented refuge for corals provides evidence for adaptation of coastal organisms and ecosystem transition due to recent climate change. Identifying and protecting other natural, non-reef coral refuges is critical for sustaining corals and other reef species into the future.

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Francisco, R. R. T., A. C. Blanco, M. A. G. Manalili, N. B. Gatdula, A. J. G. Songcuan, K. P. C. Landicho, R. B. Reyes et R. J. A. Apura. « MAPPING OF BLUE CARBON ECOSYSTEMS : EFFECT OF PROXIMITY, ACTIVITY TYPES AND FREQUENCY OF VISITS IN THE ACCURACY OF PARTICIPATORY MAPS ». ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W12 (21 février 2019) : 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w12-83-2019.

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Abstract. Interest in blue carbon has drastically increased in recent years, particularly in improving the coastal resource carbon storage estimates and the development of methodology for identifying and monitoring such resources. In coastal resource mapping, participatory mapping techniques have the potential to provide a level of granularity and detail by taking advantage of local knowledge. In this work, we aim to evaluate the agreement between blue carbon ecosystem status obtained from participatory mapping versus the ones discriminated from satellite images, as well as assess how “relative proximity” to landmarks affects the accuracy. Results showed that the accuracy of mapped mangrove extents, evaluated as intersection-over-union, is positively correlated with frequency of visits. It is also found that maps generated by participants who have jobs or activities that nurture awareness about mangroves and seagrasses tend to agree better with remotely-sensed maps. The participants were even able to identify small patches of mangroves and seagrasses that are not present in the classified satellite images. While our initial work explores factors that impact the consistency between these sources, there is a need to establish a baseline for which both sources of information are evaluated against; and define relevant accuracy metrics. Our final goal is to systematically combine these two sources of information for an accurate holistic coastal resource map.

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Michelet, Claire, Daniela Zeppilli, Cédric Hubas, Elisa Baldrighi, Philippe Cuny, Guillaume Dirberg, Cécile Militon et al. « First Assessment of the Benthic Meiofauna Sensitivity to Low Human-Impacted Mangroves in French Guiana ». Forests 12, n^o 3 (13 mars 2021) : 338. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12030338.

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Bioindicators assess the mangroves ecological state according to the types of pressures but they differ with the ecosystem’s specificities. We investigated benthic meiofauna diversity and structure within the low human-impacted mangroves in French Guiana (South America) in response to sediment variables with various distances to the main city. Contaminant’s concentrations differed among the stations, but they remained below toxicity guidelines. Meiofauna structure (Foraminifera, Kinorhyncha, Nematoda) however varied accordingly. Nematode’s identification brought details on the sediment’s quality. The opportunistic genus Paraethmolaimus (Jensen, 1994) strongly correlated to the higher concentrations of Hg, Pb. Anoxic sediments were marked by organic enrichment in pesticides, PCB, and mangrove litter products and dominance of two tolerant genus, Terschellingia (de Man, 1888) and Spirinia (Gerlach, 1963). In each of these two stations, we found many Desmodora individuals (de Man, 1889) with the presence of epibionts highlighting the nematodes decreased fitness and defenses. Oxic sediments without contaminants were distinguished by the sensitive genera Pseudocella (Filipjev, 1927) and a higher diversity of trophic groups. Our results suggested a nematodes sensitivity to low contaminants concentrations. Further investigations at different spatio-temporal scales and levels of deterioration, would be necessary to use of this group as bioindicator of the mangroves’ ecological status.

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Khambali, Khambali, Rachmaniyah Rachmaniyah et Fitri Rokhmalia. « Pendampingan Program Pengembangan Ekowisata Mangrove dengan Kegiatan Konservasi Lingkungan ». Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan "SUARA FORIKES" (Journal of Health Research "Forikes Voice") 11, n^o 4 (1 septembre 2020) : 442. http://dx.doi.org/10.33846/sf11425.

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Ecotourism or Nature Tourism is a tourism activity that is responsible for unspoiled areas that are managed according to natural rules, with the aim of enjoying the beauty of nature which involves elements of education, understanding and support for efforts to conserve nature and increase income and welfare. The development of ecotourism in the form of sustainable tourism villages based on community empowerment is an effort to include the role of the community in tourism village activities known as "Community Based Development". The purpose of this program was to improve environmental health and insight in the field of environmental health and improve the quality of life of the community, especially the people of Wonorejo Village, Rungkut District, Surabaya City. Community service activities carried out in Mangrove Ecotourism were environmental conservation in the form of reforestation by planting trees and mangroves. Planting 3000 mangrove plants in the sea, providing plant seeds involving the Surabaya City Plantation and Park Service. Furthermore, it is recommended to conduct research on Pb levels, soil conditions and various types of plants to determine phytoremediation using plants. It is also necessary to periodically evaluate the function of mangroves that have been planted. Keywords: ecotourism; mangroves; environmental conservation ABSTRAK Ekowisata atau Wisata Alam adalah kegiatan pariwisata yang bertanggung jawab atas kawasan yang masih alami yang dikelola sesuai kaidah alam, dengan tujuan menikmati keindahan alam yang melibatkan unsur edukasi, pemahaman dan dukungan bagi upaya pelestarian alam serta peningkatan pendapatan dan kesejahteraan. Pengembangan ekowisata berupa desa wisata secara berkelanjutan berbasis pemberdayaan masyarakat merupakan upaya memasukkan peran masyarakat dalam kegiatan desa wisata yang dikenal dengan istilah “Community Based Development”. Tujuan dari program ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kesehatan lingkungan dan wawasan dalam bidang kesehatan lingkungan serta meningkatkan kualitas hidup masyarakat khususnya masyarakat Desa Wonorejo, Kecamatan Rungkut, Kota Surabaya. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan dalam Ekowisata Mangrove yaitu pelestarian lingkungan berupa reboisasi dengan penanaman pohon dan mangrove. Penanaman 3000 tanaman mangrove di laut, pemberian bibit tanaman melibatkan Dinas Perkebunan dan Pertamanan Kota Surabaya. Selanjutnya direkomendasikan penelitian tentang uji kadar Pb, kondisi lahan dan berbagai jenis tumbuhan untuk menentukan fitoremediasi menggunakan tumbuhan. Diperlukan juga evaluasi secara berkala terhadap fungsi mangrove yang telah ditanam. Kata kunci: ekowisata; mangrove; konservasi lingkungan

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Peng, Mengjun, Qingyi Xie, Huo Hu, Kui Hong, Jonathan D. Todd, Andrew W. B. Johnston et Youguo Li. « Phylogenetic diversity of the dddP gene for dimethylsulfoniopropionate-dependent dimethyl sulfide synthesis in mangrove soils ». Canadian Journal of Microbiology 58, n^o 4 (avril 2012) : 523–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w2012-019.

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The dddP gene encodes an enzyme that cleaves dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) into dimethyl sulfide (DMS) plus acrylate and has been identified in various marine bacteria and some fungi. The diversity of dddP genes was investigated by culture-independent PCR-based analysis of metagenomic DNA extracted from 4 mangrove soils in Southern China. A phylogenetic tree of 144 cloned dddP sequences comprised 7 groups, 3 of which also included dddP genes from previously identified Ddd+ (DMSP-dependent DMS production) bacteria. However, most (69%) of the DddP sequences from the mangroves were in 4 other subgroups that did not include sequences from known bacteria, demonstrating a high level of diversity of this gene in these environments. Each clade contained clones from all of the sample sites, suggesting that different dddP types are widespread in mangroves of different geographical locations. Furthermore, it was found the dddP genotype distribution was remarkably influenced by the soil properties pH, available sulfur, salt, and total nitrogen.

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FORESTIAN, OKTAMA, LILIK BUDI PRASETYO et CECEP KUSMANA. « Biomass and density estimation of mangrove vegetation using Landsat ETM+ : Case study on Muara Gembong protection forest, Bekasi, West Java ». Bonorowo Wetlands 1, n^o 2 (18 décembre 2011) : 80–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/bonorowo/w010204.

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Forestian O, Prasetyo LB, Kusmana C. 2011. Biomass and density estimation of mangrove vegetation using Landsat ETM+: Case study on Muara Gembong protection forest, Bekasi, West Java. Bonorowo Wetlands 1: 80-95. The study focused on Muara Gembong Mangrove Forest, Bekasi District of West Java Province. The purposes of this study were to determined the extent, potential biomass, and density of mangrove vegetation using Landsat ETM+ data in 2001 and 2010. The data is processed by several stages include: strip-filling, importing, stacking layer, subsetting, geographic correction, radiometric correction, image classification, estimation of mangrove biosystem character, and accuracy assessment. Land cover types found in Landsat scene of the region consists of nine class image classification categories, i.e. sea 1, sea 2, mangroves, open/built area, rice field 1, mixed farms, rice field 2, ponds, and rivers. Landsat images were classified by supervised classification techniques with maximum likelihood method. Each class of land cover types created 10 training area. Value of the inter-class separability (transformed divergence separability) image 2001 and 2010 more than 1,900 while the overall accuracy and Kappa accuracy respectively of 99.8% and 99.63% for image in 2001; 99.61 % and 99.39% for the image in 2010. Based on the accuracy assessment, which is classified image of 2010 has the highest overall classification accuracy of 83.33%, while the kappa statistic overalls worth 77.29 wide were in Karang Gading (78.99%), Tanjung Rejo (63.76%), while the lowest one was in Paluh Sibaji (20.58%) and Rugemuk (26.43%). The highest salinity was found at sub districts of Labuhan Deli and Hamparan Perak, while middle salinity at sub district of Percut Sei Tuan, while of sub district of Pantai Labu the salinity were from low level to middle. Base on the analysis of the vegetation closeness and canopy width, the condition of coastal region of Deli Serdang regency mangroves were destroyed.

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Mardiyanto Rahayu, Slamet, et Sunarto. « Mangrove Plants Use As Medicine In Gedangan Village, Purwodadi District, Purworejo Regency, Central Java Province ». Jurnal Jamu Indonesia 5, n^o 2 (30 juin 2020) : 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jji.v5i2.116.

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Coastal ecosystems have high plant levels, for example mangroves and seagrasses. Mangrove forest is a type of forest located in tidal areas, especially on protected beaches, lagoons, river estuaries that are inundated and free from inundation at low tide, whose plant communities tolerate salt. Gedangan Village is one of the villages in Purwodadi District, which has mangrove areas in Purworejo Regency. This study aims to determine the types of mangrove plants that are useful the Gedangan Village, Purwodadi District, Purworejo Regency, Central Java as medicinal products. The study was conducted using roaming method in the form of observations or field observations in the mangrove area of Gedangan Village, Purwodadi District, Purworejo Regency, Central Java. Based on the research, there were eight (8) types of mangrove plants that were found as medicinal plants in Gedangan Village, namely Rhizophora mucronata, Sonneratia alba, Calotropis gigantea, Nypa fruticans, Acanthus ilicifolius, Hibiscus tiliaceus, Ipomoea pescaprae, and Wedelia biflora. Traditionally, these mangrove species can be used as a medicine items for beri-beri, hepatitis, ulcers, wounds, diarrhea, fever, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, dizziness, asthma, bronchitis, dyspepsia, leprosy, tumors, diabetes, stomach ache, toothache, thrush, tuberculosis, muscle aches, and eczema.

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Upara, Udin, Janny Dirk Kusen, Calvyn F. A. Sondak, Joshian N. W. Schaduw, Sandra Olivia Tilaar et Ridwan Lasabuda. « STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS DAN ZONASI VEGETASI MANGROVE DESA DARUNU KECAMATAN WORI KABUPATEN MINAHASA UTARA ». JURNAL PESISIR DAN LAUT TROPIS 9, n^o 1 (29 mars 2021) : 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jplt.9.1.2021.33957.

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Mangrove ecosystem is a collection of distinctive plant types that contained in tropical and subtropical coastal region. The purpose of research was to find out the community structure and mangrove zonation at Darunu Village, Wori District, North Minahasa Regency. The research was conducted by the quadrant transect line method. It was done by pulling a straight line, perpendicular from the outermost mangrove area to the land direction, along 100 m by determining three data retrieval Station. To determine the condition of mangrove then density, species frequency, species coverage, important value index, diversity index and equality types were analyzed. The result found 5 mangroves species, namely: Rhizophora apiculata, R. mucronata, Sonneratia alba, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and Avicennia officinalis. The highest density value was R.apiculata, as well as species frequency, while the species coverage value found in S. alba. The diversity value found at Station 2. The zonation of mangrove vegetation in Darunu village respectively, at Station 1 and 2 in the front was overgrown by R.apiculata species with sandy mud substrate. The Station 3 was overgrown by S.alba species with sandy mud. Generalyl, this location substrate contains of sandy mud and mud.Keywords : Mangrove, community structure, zonation.

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Santos Nogueira-Melo, Georgea, Paulo Jorge Parreira Santos et Tatiana Baptista Gibertoni. « The community structure of macroscopic basidiomycetes (Fungi) in Brazilian mangroves influenced by temporal and spatial variations ». Revista de Biología Tropical 62, n^o 4 (1 décembre 2014) : 1587. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v62i4.12598.

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Mangroves are transitional ecosystems between terrestrial and marine environments, and are distinguished by a high abundance of animals, plants, and fungi. Although macrofungi occur in different types of habitat, including mangroves, little is known about their community structure and dynamic. Therefore the aim of this study was to analyze the diversity of macrofungi in a number of Brazilian mangroves, and the relationship between such diversity, precipitation and area of collection. A total of 32 field trips were undertaken from 2009 to 2010, and macrofungi were studied in four 250×40m transects: Timbó and Santa Cruz Channel on the Northern coast, and Maracaípe and Ariquindá on the Southern coast. All basidiomata found along the transects were placed in paper bags, air-dried and identified using existing literature. It was found that Northern areas predominantly featured Avicennia schaueriana mangroves, while Rhizophora mangle dominated in Southern transects. A total of 275 specimens were collected, and 33 species, 28 genera, 14 families and six orders were represented. Overall abundance and species richness did not vary significantly among areas, but varied according to time, being higher during the rainy season. Subtle differences in composition were observed over time and between areas, probably due to variations in plant species occurrence. Further studies with collections during months of greater precipitation in transects dominated by different mangrove species of the same ecosystem are suggested to assess the overall diversity of mycobiota in these ecosystems.

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SUMARDIKA, I. PUTU AGUS, I. KETUT GINANTRA et I. B. MADE SUASKARA. « KEKAYAAN JENIS BURUNG DI PULAU SERANGAN, BALI ». Jurnal Biologi Udayana 21, n^o 2 (29 décembre 2017) : 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jbiounud.2017.vol21.i02.p04.

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This study aims to determine the species richness of bird species on the island of Serangan, Bali in February and March 2016. Observations were made of 20 time, which is held in the morning (06.00-09.00 am) and afternoon (15.00-18.00 pm). Observations were made on five types of habitat that are beaches, mangroves, lagoons, forest plantations and settlements. The study was conducted by recording ten species methods. Identification of species of birds refers to the morphological characters of the and also by voice. The resultsshowed 55 species of birds are found in five types of habitat which is included in 30 families, 25 types of which are species of shore birds and 30 species are terrestrial birds. In the lagoon habitat found 46 species, on mangrove found 28 species, forest plants are found 22 species, Beach habitat are found 20 species and settlements are found 14 species of birds. Similarity index of bird species in each habitat were: the beachmangrove 63%, beach-lagoon 61%, coast-forest plants 48%, beach-residential 47%, mangrove-lagoon 68%, mangrove-forest plants 52%, mangrove-residential 48%, the lagoon-forest plants 47%, the lagoon-residential 40%, plantations-residential 56%. Of the 55 species of birds were found, 15 species are protected birds and 12 species are migratory birds.

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Ismail, Ismail, Helminuddin . et Abdunnur . « Mangrove Ecotourism Management and Development Strategy in Tanjung Limau Village, Muara Badak District ». AGRIFOR 17, n^o 2 (10 octobre 2018) : 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.31293/af.v17i2.3615.

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From the results of the study it can be concluded that mangrove ecosystems in the village of Tanjung Limau, Muara Badak District, were found in 5 types, namely (R. apiculata, A. alba, N. fruticans, C. tagal and S. alba). With species density ranging from 1-68 individuals / ha and thickness of mangroves between 160-200 m. While the results of the tourism suitability index obtained categories according to the carrying capacity of the region 8-10 people / day. There are 3 management strategies and development of mangrove ecotourism in Tanjung Limau Village, namely: first to make proposals to the private sector and the government in improving the management and development of mangrove ecotourism through capital assistance and improvement of tourism facilities and infrastructure in Tanjung Village, secondly to increase / encourage government participation in helping the community to manage and develop mangrove ecotourism and thirdly to coordinate and collaborate between communities, NGOs, the private sector and the government in managing and developing mangrove ecotourism.

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Cubit, John D., Charles D. Getter, Jeremy B. C. Jackson, Stephen D. Garrity, Hugh M. Caffey, Ricardo C. Thompson, Ernesto Weil et Michael J. Marshall. « AN OIL SPILL AFFECTING CORAL REEFS AND MANGROVES ON THE CARIBBEAN COAST OF PANAMA ». International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1987, n^o 1 (1 avril 1987) : 401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1987-1-401.

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ABSTRACT In April 1986, more than 50,000 barrels of medium weight crude oil were spilled into the largest complex of coral reefs and mangroves on the central Caribbean coast of Panama. Considerable amounts of oil came ashore at Punta Galeta, where a long-term environmental sciences program of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute provided extensive baseline information for investigating the effects of the oil spill. Immediate mortality was most apparent for organisms living at the seaward edge of the reef flats and on drying substrata above mean water level. By June 1986, a number of reef species were reduced in abundance, and a bloom of microalgae grew over much of the reef flat that had been directly exposed to the oil at low tide. The abundances of some fast-growing algae appeared to have recovered by September 1986, but the slower-growing corals, zoanthids, and calcareous algae were at the lowest abundances recorded. Defoliation and mortality of mangroves, particularly Rhizophora mangle, was severe on windward coasts, and other areas where the oil penetrated into sediments around the mangrove roots. Oysters and other organisms living on mangrove roots also suffered severe mortality. The types of habitats and organisms affected were obviously dependent on the particular weather conditions during the oil spill. Studies are continuing to follow succession and other changes in seagrass meadows, coral reefs, mangrove forests, and associated habitats that were affected by the oil.

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Chou, Qing Chuan, Rui Li Li, Hua Lin Xu, Jun Liu et Xiu Hua Shi. « Study on the Land Use/Cover Changes of Mangrove Reserve of Shenzhen Bay Based on Remote Sensing Date ». Advanced Materials Research 962-965 (juin 2014) : 2533–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.962-965.2533.

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This study used the remote sensing data of the mangrove reserve of Shenzhen bay in five different times (including 1986, 1993, 2000, 2008 and 2012), extracted the characteristics of land use/cover and got the area data of different land use types. Comprehensive data analysis showed that: in the past 30 years the total area of the mangrove reserve of Shenzhen bay did not change, but the area of different land use types have been changing, where mangroves and terrestrial vegetation expanded year by year, increased by 37.49 hm2and 34.59 hm2respectively; waters and surrounded ponds shrinked by 35.33 hm2and 35.80 hm2, respectively; buildings and bare land changed little. The single speeds of five land types (mangrove, waters, surrounded ponds, terrestrial vegetation and buildings and bare land) is 2.7%, -0.63%, -1.72%, 10.47% and 0.75%, respectively; The comprehensive land use change in four time periods (1986-1993, 1993-2000, 2000-2008 and 2008-2012) were 1.59%, 0.53%, 0.71% and 0.57%, respectively, and the comprehensive index of land use degree in these five times were 2.53, 2.61, 2.62, 2.71 and 2.73, respectively, which showed a slow growth trend in 1986-2012. There has been an obvious mutual conversion between different land use/cover types, i.e., the increased area of mangrove mainly came from the waters and surrounded ponds, the reduced area of waters almost turned into artificial mangrove, and the reduced area of surrounded ponds mainly turned into terrestrial vegetation. However, the buildings and land area had no obvious mutual conversion relations with the other four land use types.

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Babo, Prengky P., Calvyn F. A. Sondak, James J. H. Paulus, Joshian NW Schaduw, Ping Astony Angmalisang et Adnan S. Wantasen. « STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS MANGROVE DI DESA BONE BARU, KECAMATAN BANGGAI UTARA, KABUPATEN BANGGAI LAUT, SULAWESI TENGAH ». JURNAL PESISIR DAN LAUT TROPIS 8, n^o 2 (30 mai 2020) : 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jplt.8.2.2020.29951.

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Mangrove is one of plants that can grow well on the coast which are affected by tides.Bone Baru village is located in North Banggai District, Banggai Laut Regency, Central Sulawesi Province which has area that about 840 ha and has mangrove area reaching 16.56 ha. This research was conducted from February to April 2020. The purpose of this research are to identify the types of mangroves and analyzing the structure of the mangrove community which include density, relative density, frequency, relative frequency, coverarge, relative coverage, importance value index, and diversity index. The data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel. Based on the results this study obtained 4 types of mangroves consisting of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, B. cylindrica, Rhizophora mucronata, and Lumnitzera littorea. The highest relative density was 0.13 ind / m2 and the relative density was 91.83% the highest frequency type and the frequency relative value were 5 ind / m2 and 52.63%respectively. The highest mangrove cover was 3.79 m2 with relative cover of 52.21%. The highest important value index was 227.72% . The highest diversity index was found at station 2 with an average value (H ') of 0.69.Keywords: mangrove, community structure, habitat, BanggaiABSTRAKMangrove merupakan kelompok tumbuhan yang dapat tumbuh dengan baik di pesisir pantai yang dipengaruhi oleh pasang surut air laut. Penelitian ini dilakukan di desa Bone Baru, Kecamatan Banggai Utara, Kabupaten Banggai Laut, Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah yang memiliki luas wilayah mencapai 840 ha dan memiliki luas area mangrove mencapai 16,56 ha. Penelitian ini dilakukan dari bulan Februari-April 2020 dengan menggunakan metode Line Transect. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis mangrove dan menganalisa struktur komunitas mangrove Data yang diambil meliputi kerapatan jenis, kerapatan relatif jenis, frekuensi jenis, frekuensi relatif jenis, penutupan jenis, penutupan relatif jenis, indeks nilai penting, dan indeks keanekaragaman yang kemudian di analisa dengan bantuan program komputer Microsoft Excel. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan 4 jenis mangrove yaitu Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Rhizophora mucronata, Lumnitzera littorea dan Bruguiera cylindrica. Kerapatan jenis tertinggi 0,13 ind/m2 dan kerapatan relatifnya 91,83%. Frekuensi jenis tertinggi dengan nilai 5 ind/m2 relatifnya 52,63%, penutupan jenis tertinggi dengan nilai 3,79 m2 dan relatfnya 52,21%, indeks nilai penting tertinggi dengan nilai 227,72% dan Nilai indeks keanekaragaman tertinggi ditemukan pada stasiun 2 dengan nilai ratarata (H’) 0,69.Kata kunci: mangrove, strukture komunitas, habitat, Banggai

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Amelia, Rizka, Onrizal Onrizal et Nurdin Sulistiyono. « Peranan Restorasi Hutan dalam Konservasi Jenis Mangrove di Pesisir Timur Sumatera Utara ». Talenta Conference Series : Agricultural and Natural Resources (ANR) 1, n^o 2 (16 décembre 2018) : 162–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/anr.v1i2.230.

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Hutan mangrove merupakan sumber daya lahan basah yang berfungsi sebagai penyangga kehidupan. Namun demikian, dalam beberapa dekade terakhir, hutan mangrove banyak yang rusak atau hilang, terutama akibat konversi mangrove menjadi lahan tambak. Kegiatan restorasi mangrove pada lahan bekas tambak telah mulai dilakukan dalam beberapa tahun terakhir. Peneltian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur pemulihan jenis-jenis mangrove melalui kegiatan restorasi mangrove pada lahan bekas tambak serta mengetahui komposisi jenis hutan mangrove hasil restorasi dimaksud di pesisir timur Sumatera Utara. Sebanyak 30 plot contoh yang masing masing berukuran 10 m x 10 m telah dibangun di setiap umur tegakan (5-9 tahun) dan hutan sekunder. Seluruh pohon yang berdiameter (DBH) ≥ 2 cm di dalam plot contoh diidentifikasi dan diukur diamaternya. Secara keseluruhan, terdapat 14 jenis mangrove pada seluruh plot contoh atau setara dengan 42,42% dari seluruh jenis tumbuhan mangrove sejati yang terdapat di Indonesia. Dengan demikian, restorasi mangrove mampu memulihkan keanekaragaman jenis mangrove, sehingga restorasi mangrove pada lahan bekas tambak perlu dipromosikan dalam upaya mengembalikan berbagai fungsi mangrove bagi ketahanan masyarakat dan sumberdaya pesisir. Mangrove forest is a wetland resource that serves as a buffer zone. However, in the past few decades, many mangrove forests have been damaged or converted, mainly into ponds. To address such a problem, mangrove restoration activities have begun in recent years. This research aims to measure the recovery of mangrove species on ex-pond land and indicate the type of mangrove forest composition through the mangrove restoration activities in North Sumatra. A total of 30 sample plots, with 10 m x 10 m size each, have been built at each stand age (5-9 years) and secondary forests. All trees with a diameter (DBH) ≥ 2 cm in the sample plot are identified and measured. The results show that overall, there are 14 types of mangroves in all sample plots, equivalent to 42.42% of all pure mangrove species in Indonesia. Therefore, it can be concluded that the activities can restore the diversity of mangrove species, so that needs to be promoted as an effort to restore the various functions of mangroves to resilience the community and coastal resources.

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