Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Umidi »

AbstractFounded in 1540 as the Accademia degli Umidi, the Accademia Fiorentina quickly assumed a central role in the renewed language debate in Italy. Three Florentine protagonists of the debate, Pierfrancesco Giambullari, Giovambattista Gelli, and Carlo Lenzoni, all penned treatises in defense of contemporary Florentine as a language model, in opposition to solutions advocated by others, particularly Pietro Bembo and his followers, and Giovan Giorgio Trissino. Their writings variously support the expansionist political program of Duke Cosimo de' Medici, while at times contesting his more egalitarian domestic politics and his attempts to limit intellectual freedom.

Viene riportata una sintesi dei risultati delle ricerche carabidologiche condotte sino a oggi nella Regione Valle d’Aosta. Dopo avere illustrato i principali caratteri geologici, climatici e vegetazionali della Valle, vengono elencate le 309 specie di Carabidae e Cicindelidae attualmente note, di cui vengono indicati il corotipo, le preferenze ecologiche e la distribuzione nelle diverse valli che compongono il territorio della Regione. Viene inoltre messa a confronto la diversità delle valli per quanto riguarda ricchezza specifica e ricchezza di endemismi alpini. Infine, vengono descritte le principali cenosi presenti e sono messi in evidenza i più importanti biotopi umidi meritevoli di protezione.

AbstractThis paper continues investigations of the monotone fixed point principle in the context of Feferman's explicit mathematics begun in [14]. Explicit mathematics is a versatile formal framework for representing Bishop-style constructive mathematics and generalized recursion theory. The object of investigation here is the theory of explicit mathematics augmented by the monotone fixed point principle, which asserts that any monotone operation on classifications (Feferman's notion of set) possesses a least fixed point. To be more precise, the new axiom not merely postulates the existence of a least solution, but, by adjoining a new constant to the language, it is ensured that a fixed point is uniformly presentable as a function of the monotone operation. Let T0 + UMID denote this extension of explicit mathematics. [14] gave lower bounds for the strength of two subtheories of To + UMID in relating them to fragments of second order arithmetic based on comprehension. [14] showed that To ↾ + UMID and To ↾ + INDk + UMID have at least the strength of ( – CA), and ↾ and – CA), respectively.Here we are concerned with the exact reversals. Let UMIDN be the monotone fixed-point principle for subclassifications of the natural numbers. Among other results, it is shown that To ↾ + UMIDN and To ↾ + INDN + UMIDN have the same strength as ( – CA) ↾ and ( – CA), respectively.The results are achieved by constructing set-theoretic models for the aforementioned systems of explicit mathematics in certain extensions of Kripke-Platek set theory and subsequently relating these set theories to subsystems of second arithmetic.

Relativamente ad una area protetta della bassa pianura lodigiana (Riserva naturale di Monticchie, Lodi), è stata ottenuta una check-list di mammiferi su un arco temporale relativamente ampio (1985-2012). La lista (39 specie) comprende alcuni taxa rari e localizzati nella pianura padana (es., alcuni chirotteri, <em>Arvicola</em> <em>amphibius</em>, <em>Sorex minutus</em>,<em> Neomys anomalus</em>,<em> Micromys minutus</em>, <em>Muscardinus avellanarius</em>), perché legate ad ambienti specifici (es., ambienti umidi) e/o sensibili alla frammentazione forestale. Vengono riportate alcune evidenze sulla possibile scomparsa locale di <em>Arvicola</em> <em>amphibius</em> e sulla recente espansione di specie sia alloctone (<em>Myocastor coypus, Sylvilagus floridanus, Procyon lotor</em>) sia autoctone (<em>Sciurus vulgaris, Sus scrofa, Capreolus capreolus</em>).

For James Haar on his 70th BirthdayThe sixteenth century in Italy was a time when academies of all kinds flourished as venues, and often as arbiters, of literature and high culture. A casual look at the academies might give the impression that they were mostly social in nature, that they functioned as a pastime for bored aristocrats and ambitious letterati. As originally constituted, the Accademia degli Umidi, founded 1 November 1540, indeed fitted this description, but with one difference characteristic of Florentine society - it was organised by twelve men of various social classes with a common interest in poetry and language. The academy expanded considerably under the patronage of Duke Cosimo I de' Medici and on 25 March 1541 was reconstituted as the Accademia Fiorentina. Its avowed purpose was to promote the Tuscan language as an instrument of literature and knowledge, in an age when mastery of Latin was required of any educated man. In advancing the cause of vernacular literature, the Accademia Fiorentina, like other academies of the time, greatly extended the programme of Italian humanism, making available the fruits of humanist thought and enquiry to a larger public.

Il caso della palude di Bientina, una vasta zona umida bonificata mediante canalizzazioni alla vigilia dell'unitŕ d'Italia, viene indagato cercando di coglierne la complessitŕ e le contraddizioni. La presenza di un confine politico fra Lucca e Firenze compromise fino a metŕ ‘800, in virtů di interessi divergenti, ogni tentativo di condividere soluzioni e progetti di bonifica. Il saggio cerca di spiegare come le acque stagnanti di Bientina - "le acque morte" - fossero ancora nel XVIII secolo un ecosistema umido estremamente composito e, e come tale appariva nella cartografia e nelle fonti storiche. In realtŕ potremmo parlare, ribaltando in positivo lo stereotipo "palustre", di acque estremamente "vive", intorno alle quali ruotavano, da secoli, complesse forme di organizzazione economica e sociale. A partire dalle riforme del '700 iniziň a prevalere un modello di sviluppo incentrato sull'agricoltura e sulla progressiva riduzione e ‘domesticazione' di questo paesaggio di acque. Non si trattň, tuttavia, di un processo inevitabile ma di una graduale e assai contrastata affermazione di un modo diverso di intendere e di utilizzare lo spazio ambientale.

Abstract.We prove here that the intuitionistic theory T0↾ + UMIDN. or even EETJ↾ + UMIDN, of Explicit Mathematics has the strength of –CA0. In Section 1 we give a double-negation translation for the classical second-order μ-calculus, which was shown in [Mö02] to have the strength of –CA0. In Section 2 we interpret the intuitionistic μ-calculus in the theory EETJ↾ + UMIDN. The question about the strength of monotone inductive definitions in T0 was asked by S. Feferman in 1982, and — assuming classical logic — was addressed by M. Rathjen.

The objective of the research is to determine the role of China in ensuring the priorities of higher education internationalization in Uzbekistan at the present stage of reforms carried out under President Shavkat Mirziyoyev since 2016. While preparing the paper, the authors used legislation and materials from official websites of Uzbek and Chinese state bodies, universities and other organizations, statistics from international organizations, and materials from news agencies. The paper discusses the current policy priorities of the internationalization of higher education in China; analyzes the state of higher education cooperation between Uzbekistan and China under the President of Uzbekistan Islam Karimov (until 2016); studies the directions and results of the development of cooperation between Uzbekistan and China in higher education since 2016 under President Mirziyoev. The research reached the following conclusions. Current priorities of China's internationalization of higher education include: (1) involving foreign educational resources in teaching in China; (2) opening branches of Chinese universities abroad; (3) promoting the mobility of teachers and students. The second and third priorities are relevant to Tashkent, which since 2016 has been pursuing a policy of a “total” internationalization of higher education in Uzbekistan. Regarding the opening of branches of Chinese universities, the Ministry of Education of the PRC recommends choosing countries with large market demand, a high degree of openness and quality of higher education. The need to provide education for children of overseas offices of Chinese organizations and for Chinese people living abroad is also considered to be of importance. Mobility includes both sending researchers and students to study abroad and attracting talented foreign researchers and students to study and work in China. Uzbekistan, as a close neighbor of China in Central Asia, a participant in the Belt and Road Initiative, and a developing country, is subject to various mobility support programs funded by China. Until 2016, the main areas of cooperation between China and Uzbekistan in higher education were the study of Uzbek students in Chinese universities and the study of the Chinese language in Uzbekistan. Since 2016, despite the policy of openness of the new authorities of Uzbekistan and the sharp growth of economic ties between Tashkent and Beijing, higher education cooperation between the countries has received little development. This is evidenced by the absence of branches of Chinese universities in Uzbekistan, as well as extremely limited number of joint programs between Chinese and Uzbek universities, of mobility to China at the expense of the Uzbek El-Yurt Umidi Foundation, and of Chinese students studying in Uzbekistan.

The article analyzes the poems, quatrains and new ideas included in the books of the poet, writer, playwright Mengliboy Murodov "Saylanma" and " Umidli dunyo yoxud turfarang tuyg'ular tarannumi". We made comments about the poet's unique folk style and literary techniques used in his poems.

The research turned to the Sicilian pond turtle, Emys trinacris, recently distinguished from the congener Emys orbicularis (FRITZ et al., 2005; 2006). It is an endemism of Sicily spread throughout the region in a fragmented way (DI CERBO, 2011), from sea level up to about 1000 m asl (MARRONE et al., 2016), which colonizes a good variety of environments (marshes and lagoons, ponds in agro-pastoral context, mountain ponds, artificial reservoirs) (TURRISI, 2008). With regard to the study of the trophism of this species, the analysis of trophic niches is particularly relevant in this specific case to determine the level of competition between species (BALZANI et al., 2016) and the effects on the target species. Studies on fecal contents are traditionally applied which, however, although easy to apply, do not provide information on the long term and on how the diet changes over time (BOECKLEN et al., 2011). On the contrary, the analysis of the stable isotopes (SIA) of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) provides information on the trophic resources actually used as well as on trophic behavior (MIDDELBURG, 2014). The study was conducted in two areas identified on the Sicilian territory and characterized from an environmental point of view: 1. WWF Nature Reserve “Lago Preola - Gorghi Tondi” (TP); 2. Wetlands in the Bosco della Ficuzza nature reserve, Rocca Busambra, Bosco del Cappelliere and Gorgo del Drago (PA). The research was carried out through periodic captures of terrapins operated in colonized habitats, using methodologies widely tested in other populations of E. orbicularis in mainland Italy (CANESSA et al., 2016) and on E. trinacris in Sicily (OTTONELLO et al. , 2016), and shared at ministerial level (LO VALVO et al., 2016). The individuals were therefore captured with the aid of primed pots and pots of the "bertovelli" type (without bait) depending on the type of environment. The same pots were also used to capture the alien species present in cohabitation with Emys (mainly fish, shrimp). The animals were temporarily housed for the collection of morphological parameters and tissue and sexing samples. Blood and horn samples are taken from all animals for subsequent dietary analysis. The overlap of isotopic niches has been studied by applying recent investigation methodologies that involve the use of stable isotopes of Nitrogen and Carbon, through blood and horny material samples (PEARSON et al., 2013; BALZANI et al., 2016) from marsh terrapins and potentially competing species. The analysis was carried out through a collaboration with the Department of Earth and Sea Sciences of the University of Palermo. All analyzes were carried out with the help of the packages available in the R4.04 software (R CORE TEAM 2021). Information on inter- and intraspecific variability in isotopic niche size and trophic diversity was obtained using the metrics proposed by LAYMAN et al. (2007) with the package R SIAR - Stable Isotope Analysis in R (Parnell et al. 2010) and SIBER (Stable Isotope Bayesian Ellipses in R). During the sessions held in 2018 (2) and 2019 (3), 109 terrapins were captured respectively in the Lago Preola Reserve - Gorghi Tondi and 42 terrapins in the Bosco Ficuzza Reserve. In the Lago Preola - Gorghi Tondi Reserve, 84 allochthonous fish were also caught: 44 Cyprinus carpio and 40 Gambusia holbrooki. As reported by OTTONELLO et al., (2021), also in this study the fishes appear to colonize exclusively the Gorgo Medio - Gorgo Alto system, while there are no fish in the Gorgo Basso. In the Gorgo Lungo pond, no fish or other species of alien terrapins have been found. The trophic strategy of the Sicilian terrapin populations in the investigated areas reflects what has already been indicated for Emys orbicularis (FICETOLA et al., 2006; OTTONELLO et al., 2021), following a substantially opportunistic and generalist scheme. The main preys are aquatic invertebrates, while terrestrial ones are rarer (OTTONELLO et al., 2021). In the case of the population of the Lago Preola and Gorghi Tondi Reserve, as already described by OTTONELLO et al., (2017), the individuals of terrapins captured in the 3 Gorghi present significant differences especially as regards the Body Condition Index (BCI), therefore it is possible to distinguish on the one hand the individuals coming from the Gorgo Basso and on the other hand those coming from the Gorgo Medio-Gorgo Alto system. By comparing the biometric data collected in the two study areas, considering BCI, SCL and weight, the individuals of the Gorgo Lungo are significantly different compared to the individuals of the Lago Preola and Gorghi Tondi Reserve for all the variables considered, with terrapins of the Gorgo Lungo on average larger than those from coastal sites. Analyzing the isotopic contents of the blood of males and females of Emys no significant differences were detected by comparing the sites and periods of capture. On the other hand, comparing the isotopic contents of the horny material of Emys, Gorgo Basso would differ from both Gorgo Alto and Gorgo Medio, while Alto and Medio would be similar. This would be valid above all for δ15N, while the variability for δ13C is less evident. OTTONELLO et al. (2016) hypothesize that the evident differences both biometric and in the productivity and growth of terrapins detectable between Gorgo Basso and the Gorgo Alto and Gorgo Medio systems can be traced back to the presence only in the Gorgo Alto and Gorgo Medio of fish species such as carp and gambusia , species that can have a significant impact on the macrobenthic component of colonized water bodies (CAGLE, 1946; GIBBONS, 1982; MACCULLOCH & SECOY, 1983; DUNHAM & GIBBONS, 1990, OTTONELLO et al., 2016). For this reason, the isotopic content of the fish species present was also tested, to evaluate their position in the trophic chain. Applying the metrics proposed by LAYMAN et al. (2007a), considering the isotopic traces of Emys nails, it is observed that the NR and CR values are substantially comparable in the terrapins coming from the single site. Comparing terrapins and fishes, the NR values would be slightly higher in Emys than in carp and allies with gambusia, indicating a similar ability to exploit resources at different trophic levels, also the CR values would be substantially similar between Emys and fish. The values of TA and CD in the terrapins of the Gorgo Medio e Alto are lower than especially in the Gorgo Alto indicating a greater amplitude, albeit slight, of the trophic niche in the fish. Comparing the data obtained between Gorgo Basso and Gorgo Medio / Alto, also in this case Gorgo Basso confirms that it has a different trend compared to the other two, with overall higher values attesting to trophic niches and availability of greater resources than Gorgo Alto and Medio. The corrected standard ellipse (SEAc), in the case of the isotopic traces of Emys nails, visually confirms what has been described, reporting a substantial overlap between the isotopic niches of the terrapins in the different sites, with a much wider niche for those coming from Gorgo Basso . These ellipses overlap only partially with those of the Gorgo Alto and Medio terrapins. Analyzing the isotopic niches and their overlap in males and females of the Gorgo Lungo, the values of the Layman metrics are substantially similar if we consider the samples derived from the nails, with a greater variability of basal sources in males (male CR> female CR) and on the contrary, a greater capacity of females to exploit the available resources (NR males

La competizione è uno dei principali fattori in grado di regolare e influenzare le comunità vegetali, che spiega la coesistenza, il mantenimento della diversità di specie e il funzionamento degli ecosistemi; essa agisce con diversa intensità sia nel tempo che nello spazio a seconda delle specie coinvolte e della disponibilità di risorse. In particolare, è fondamentale capire se specie diverse possono competere o essere facilitate nello sfruttamento delle risorse disponibili. La competizione è inoltre il principale fattore che regola le invasioni biologiche, che sono la principale causa di perdita di biodiversità a livello globale. Attualmente le specie invasive stanno aumentando costantemente il tasso di estinzione delle specie autoctone e il principale strumento utilizzato negli ultimi decenni per preservare le specie vegetali in via di estinzione è la traslocazione. Al fine di ottenere risultati positivi attraverso la creazione di popolazioni autosufficienti nei siti di traslocazione è necessaria una conoscenza adeguata della biologia delle specie vegetali e dei requisiti ecologici delle stesse, insieme al monitoraggio a lungo termine e alla gestione dei siti. Questo lavoro mira a comprendere la capacità competitiva di due policy species tipiche di zone umide sia naturali che agroecosistemi (Marsilea quadrifolia L. e Kosteletzkya pentacarpos (L.) Ledeb.) in un’ottica di traslocazioni future, nei confronti, rispettivamente, del potenziale competitor vegetale e della comunità vegetale di riferimento. Inoltre, questo lavoro include lo studio della capacità competitiva analizzata dal punto di vista della pianta invasiva Bunias orientalis L. nei confronti dell’habitat nativo invaso. Gli studi sperimentali mostrano che la competizione tra le piante è estremamente varia e dipende da diversi fattori che possono influenzare significativamente la risposta delle specie, basata non solo sulle risorse per le quali esse competono (luce, acqua, nutrienti) ma anche sulla presenza o assenza della comunità vegetale di riferimento. Inoltre, la competizione dipende dalla specie e cambia al variare dell'ambiente. Lo studio della competizione deve essere finalizzato alla comprensione delle dinamiche che avvengono tra specie, soprattutto in habitat disturbati e antropizzati come gli ambienti umidi, aree ruderali e prati, dove le specie invasive sono abbondanti e altamente competitive ma sono ancora presenti numerose specie minacciate e comunità native con alto valore di biodiversità.
Competition is one of the major factors that rules plant communities. It explains coexistence, species diversity maintenance and ecosystem functioning; moreover, it acts with different intensity both in time and space according to the species involved and resource availability. In particular, it is crucial to understand whether different species may compete or be facilitated in the exploitation of the available resources. Competition is also the major driver of biological invasions, which are the primary cause of biodiversity loss. Invasive species are constantly increasing the extinction rate of native species and a valid tool that has been used in the last decades to preserve species threatened with extinction is plant conservation translocation. To obtain positive outcomes through the creation of self-sustaining populations in the translocated sites, knowledge of species biology and their ecological requirements is necessary for successful translocations, jointly with the long-term monitoring and site management. This work aims to understand the competitive ability of two wetland policy species typical of natural environments and agroecosystems (i.e., Marsilea quadrifolia L. and Kosteletzkya pentacarpos (L.) Ledeb.) versus their invasive potential competitors and the recipient community, respectively, for future translocation perspectives. In addition, the competitive ability is addressed from the invasive’ point of view, with a focus on the performance of the invasive Bunias orientalis L. in its recipient native grassland community. The experimental studies show that competition between plants is extremely various and depends on several factors that may significantly affect species’ responses, basing not only on the resources for which they compete (e.g., light, water, nutrients) but also on the presence or absence of the local vegetation. Moreover, competition is species-specific dependent and changes with changing of the environment. The study of the competition must then be addressed to understand the dynamics occurring among species, especially in disturbed and anthropized habitats such as wetlands and grasslands where invasive species are abundant and highly competitive but also several threatened species and diverse native communities still occur.

This research systematically investigates how Romans managed humid areas and which drainage works were carried out to improve the conditions of such lands. In order to do that, it was important to focus the concept of wetland in modern ages and which lands might be considered accordingly. The analysis of classic sources provided the key to understand the latin terminology referred to these environments. This allowed their identification and to establish their relationships with Romans. The next step was the exam of the archaeological sources in order to exclude all the water supply network and to focus on those of water management. Disciplines like hydrogeology, hydraulic engineering and agronomy were necessary to better analyse the nature of ancient working and to organize the collected data. Eventually, all the structures related to the drainage systems within the roman centuriations framework were examined.This research represents a detailed analysis of the interactions among man, environment and waters. In addition, it focuses on how Romans were very well experienced in such matters and how such hydraulic techniques have been continuously carried on since Roman times.

-produzione del rifiuto umido nel bacino considerato, con possibilità di quantificare le emissioni dovute al trasporto - bilancio di massa rifiuto a compostaggio (50% Trevignano, 50% Bioman) con possibilità di considerare anche le emissioni dei veicoli per il trasporto fuori regione, ed emissioni per il trattamento a compostaggio, - bilancio di massa rifiuto totalmente a Trevignano con trattamento dello spremuto liquido a Treviso, considerando aspetti legati a bilancio di massa, emissioni e costi - bilancio di massa rifiuto totalmente a Trevignano con trattamento dello spremuto liquido in sede, considerando aspetti legati a bilancio di massa, emissioni e costi

L’elaborato di tesi propone un’analisi sperimentale sulla possibilità di funzionamento con espansione umida di un sistema a ciclo Rankine con fluido organico(ORC). L’impianto di riferimento è un prototipo micro-ORC di piccola taglia presente nel laboratorio di microgenerazione del DIN. Nella prima parte si descrive lo stato dell’arte dei sistemi ORC e l’impianto di riferimento, nella seconda parte si passa alle descrizione della fase sperimentale durante la quale sono state svolte delle prove sull’impianto finalizzate alla valutazione delle prestazioni dell’impianto. Con questo scopo, si rappresentano gli andamenti delle variabili di interesse in condizioni di funzionamento stazionario. L’intento dell’analisi è dimostrare la fattibilità di funzionamento del sistema ORC con un’espansione che avvenga interamente nella zona dei vapori saturi

L’obiettivo del mio progetto di tesi è quello di analizzare il turismo didattico come strumento di supporto all’apprendimento di consapevolezza ambientale da parte degli studenti dalla scuola primaria alla scuola superiore. L’elaborato considera come caso di studio il turismo didattico nel Delta del Po all’interno del territorio polesano. Il progetto mira a dimostrare che il territorio in questione può essere promosso sul panorama turistico con un’offerta completa e variegata, grazie a un uso adeguato del marketing territoriale, che spazia dal patrimonio storico-artistico a quello naturalistico, con esiti spesso originali. Dopo aver illustrato la rete Delta Po come parte integrante della rete globale dei musei dell’acqua ci sarà un excursus relativo a una delle zone umide più significative d’Italia. Ciò consentirà di presentare alcuni itinerari come opportunità ricreative da proporre alle istituzioni scolastiche come supporto alle attività didattiche con l’obiettivo di migliorare le relazioni tra popolazioni e territorio. La fase conclusiva del lavoro mette in evidenza dei progetti sviluppati per una riqualificazione e rivalorizzazione di quei territori esclusi dall’affollata realtà delle mete utilizzate a scopi didattici.

La tesi è stata elaborata grazie alla preziosa collaborazione dell’azienda “Cabro SpA”di Arezzo. L' elaborato ha il compito di descrivere come la Cabro agisce nel trattamento industriale degli NOx derivanti dal processo di formazione del nitrato d’argento, esaminando quindi una problematica frequente anche nella commercializzazione di prodotti chimici a base di metalli preziosi. In particolare, la Cabro SpA agisce nel trattamento degli NOx con un processo “a umido”: l’attenzione è stata quindi posta sull’ analisi del processo condotto in azienda, ma valutando anche la possibilità di operare tramite una tecnologia alternativa, descrivendone gli eventuali benefici. La tesi si suddivide in quattro capitoli: il primo, introduce il problema industriale degli NOx , analizzando brevemente le principali tecnologie di abbattimento, evidenziandone vantaggi e svantaggi; il secondo, descrive nello specifico le due varianti di processo confrontate; il terzo, ha come obiettivo il dimensionamento delle apparecchiature necessarie per i due processi industriali considerati; il quarto, descrive infine un metodo per la stima dei costi delle apparecchiature precedentemente dimensionate, ed è volto a dimostrare che, la variante di processo proposta, potrebbe portare dei vantaggi a livello economico.

Neste trabalho utilizou-se 7 595 árvores reunidas em 189 espécies com DAP ? 45 cm, obtidas de 4 talhões de 100 ha do planalto da Estação Experimental de Curuá-Una, por ocasião da realização de um inventário florestal em 1990. O objetivo principal consistiu da análise da estrutura diamétrica de 3 grupos de espécies por qualidade de fuste, onde testou-se os modelos WEIBTJLL, BETA e EXPONENCIAL contra 4 amplitudes diferentes de classes de DAP (6, 8, 10 e 12 cm), a fim de se avaliar o comportamento do ajuste dos modelos em relação a precisão das estimativas do número de árvores por classe diamétrica e unidade de área (400 ha) para cada tipo de amplitude aplicada aos vários grupos. O método da máxima verossimilhança foi usado para estimar os parâmetros dos modelos. Os critérios de seleção dos melhores modelos versus amplitude, foram: i) soma de quadrado de resíduos; ii) análise gráfica de resíduos "studentizados" e, iii) análise da acuracidade. Os resultados apontaram o modelo BETA associado a uma amplitude de 10 cm (4 em 12 grupos) ou 12 cm (6 em 12 grupos), como a melhor combinação capaz de descrever com propriedade a distribuição diamétrica de 10 dos 12 grupos estudados, contra 2 em 12 grupos, favorável ao modelo EXPONENCIAL para a amplitude de 12 cm. O trabalho mostrou que não existiu um único modelo capaz de fornecer estimativas absolutamente acuradas em todas as classes diamétricas. Entretanto, os melhores modelos selecionados dentro de cada grupo, estimaram razoavelmente bem o número de árvores por classe diamétrica e unidade de área.

This study aims to detect, analyze, and evaluate the habitat changes, between 2010 and 2020, occurred in the Mediterranean wetland system of “Zone Umide della Capitanata e Paludi presso il Golfo di Manfredonia”. We classified habitats in 2020 using Eunis classification and we compared the obtained map with the Eunis map of 2010, obtained using the same approach, in terms of class area, Magnitude of Changes and the corresponding Trend Percentage of Change. It emerged that expansion of agricultural activities and alterations of the hydrological regime are behind most of the observed changes.

Il progetto “Rewetland” (programma LIFE+ 2008 – environment and governance. www.rewetland.eu) prevede la predisposizione di un Programma di Riqualificazione Ambientale (PRA) della Pianura Pontina attraverso la sperimentazione di tecniche di fitodepurazione diffusa. Il PRA si basa sull’analisi approfondita del paesaggio a partire da quello delle bonifiche dei Papi (XV–XVII sec.), fino ad arrivare ai giorni nostri. La finalità dell’analisi del paesaggio è stata quella di ricomporre gli elementi costituenti i diversi ambiti paesaggistici del territorio in quadri unitari, quanto più possibile coerenti al loro interno e confrontabili tra loro per valutarne le qualità paesaggistiche, le trasformazioni avvenute nel tempo o in atto, le necessità di processi di riqualificazione, le potenzialità di assorbire nuovi interventi progettuali. L’utilizzo di strumenti gis è stato indispensabile, sia per individuare le permanenze del paesaggio storico e rurale, sia per definire e valutare i possibili scenari di intervento. Le azioni, i progetti e gli interventi del PRA riguardano la rinaturalizzazione dei corsi d’acqua e la realizzazione di aree umide ed ecosistemi filtro e favoriscono l’attivazione di buone pratiche non solo per la gestione dei canali della bonifica ma anche per quella delle aziende agricole. La metodologia utilizzata ha permesso di interpretare le trasformazioni del paesaggio dell’Agro Pontino e nel contempo progettare interventi e azioni di riqualificazione ambientale che rispondano a molteplici esigenze/obiettivi: il miglioramento della qualità delle acque, il potenziamento della rete ecologica e della biodiversità, la rigenerazione dei paesaggi tipici delle zone umide (re-wetland) che rappresentano la memoria del territorio. "Rewetland" project (LIFE+ 2008 - environment and governance. www.rewetland.eu) requires the preparation of an Programma di Riqualificazione Ambientale (PRA) of the Pontine Plain through experimentation with techniques of widespread phytoremediation. The PRA is based on a thorough analysis of the landscape from those of the reclamation of the Popes (XV -XVII cent.), up to the present day. The aim of the landscape analysis has been to reconstruct the elements making up the different areas of the local landscape into unified framework, as much as possible internally coherent and comparable to each other in order to assess the quality of the landscape, the changes through time or now being implemented, the necessity of regeneration processes, the potentialities to absorb new project interventions. GIS software tools have been essential, both to identify the permanence of the historic and rural landscape, and to define and evaluate the possible intervention scenarios. PRA actions, projects and interventions regard the renaturalization of waterways and the creation of wetlands and ecosystem filters and promote the activation of good practices not only for the management of the drainage channels but also for the farms. The methodology used allowed us to read the changes in the landscape of the Pontine Plain and at the same time to design interventions and actions that respond to multiple environmental restoration needs and objectives: improvement of water quality, enhancement of biodiversity and the ecological network, regeneration of the typical landscapes of wetlands (re-wetland) that represent the memory of territory.