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Articles de revues sur le sujet « Wages – Portugal »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

Mis à jour le 31 juillet 2025

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1

Mendes, Raquel. "Glass Ceilings in Portugal?" International Journal of Human Capital and Information Technology Professionals 1, no. 2 (2010): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jhcitp.2010040101.

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Despite the evidence of female progress with regard to women’s role in the labor market, gender inequality remains. Women are still less likely to be employed than men, occupational gender segregation continues, and females continue to earn less than males. The gender wage gap remains wide in several occupational sectors, among which is the information technology (IT) sector. This paper focuses the determinants of gender wage inequality. More precisely, it investigates for statistical evidence of a glass ceiling effect on women’s wages. Based on the quantile regression framework, the empirical

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Hartog, Joop, Pedro T. Pereira, and Jos� A. C. Vieira. "Bargaining regimes and wages in Portugal." Portuguese Economic Journal 1, no. 3 (2002): 237–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10258-002-0013-0.

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Carrington, William J., and Pedro J. F. De Lima. "The Impact of 1970s Repatriates from Africa on the Portuguese Labor Market." ILR Review 49, no. 2 (1996): 330–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979399604900210.

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This paper examines the labor market effect of the retornados who immigrated to Portugal from Angola and Mozambique in the mid-1970s following Portugal's loss of its African colonies. The retornados increased the Portuguese labor force by roughly 10% in just three years. Two analyses suggest contrasting conclusions. First, comparisons of Portugal with Spain and France indicate that any adverse effect of the retornados was quantitatively swamped by the Europe-wide downturn in labor market conditions in the 1970s. Second, comparisons between districts within Portugal indicate that the retornados

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Carneiro, Anabela, Paulo Guimarães, and Pedro Portugal. "Real Wages and the Business Cycle: Accounting for Worker, Firm, and Job Title Heterogeneity." American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics 4, no. 2 (2012): 133–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mac.4.2.133.

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Using a longitudinal matched employer-employee dataset for Portugal over the 1986–2007 period, this study analyzes the wage responses to aggregate labor market conditions for newly hired workers and existing workers within the same firm. Accounting for worker, firm, and job title heterogeneity, the data support the hypothesis that entry wages are more procyclical than wages of stayers. A one point increase in the unemployment rate decreases wages of newly hired workers within a given firm-job title by around 2.7 percent and by 2.2 percent for stayers within the same firm-job title. Finally, th

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Kraciuk, Jakub. "THE IMPACT OF OFFSHORING ON THE EUROPEAN LABOUR MARKET." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia 16, no. 3 (2017): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/aspe.2017.16.3.31.

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This study shows the differences in wages of workers from the EU countries according to various levels of education. It also shows the level of offshoring in the analysed countries and its impact on the salaries. It was found that the largest wage gap between the high-skilled and the low-skilled workers exists both in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe and in the countries such as Germany and Portugal. Results of the analysis show that offshoring contributes to a decrease in wages of workers in the countries of the European Union. Nonetheless, the highest decrease in wages is visible

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Damas de Matos, Ana. "Immigrant Language Fluency in the Low-Skilled Labor Market." ILR Review 70, no. 5 (2016): 1176–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019793916682448.

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Using longitudinal linked employer-employee data, the author investigates the returns to being a native speaker for immigrant men in the low-skilled labor market. She compares the two main recent immigrant groups in Portugal: Brazilians, who are Portuguese native speakers, and Eastern Europeans, who are not. Findings show that both wage level and wage growth of the two groups are similar. To better understand this surprising result, the author studies two mechanisms through which language fluency may lead to higher wages: sorting across occupations and across firms. Brazilians do sort into occ

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Card, David, Ana Rute Cardoso, and Patrick Kline. "Bargaining, Sorting, and the Gender Wage Gap: Quantifying the Impact of Firms on the Relative Pay of Women *." Quarterly Journal of Economics 131, no. 2 (2015): 633–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjv038.

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Abstract There is growing evidence that firm-specific pay premiums are an important source of wage inequality. These premiums will contribute to the gender wage gap if women are less likely to work at high-paying firms or if women negotiate (or are offered) worse wage bargains with their employers than men. Using longitudinal data on the hourly wages of Portuguese workers matched with income statement information for firms, we show that the wages of both men and women contain firm-specific premiums that are strongly correlated with simple measures of the potential bargaining surplus at each fi

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Jung, Moon-Kie. "No Whites, No Asians: Race, Marxism, and Hawai‘i’s Preemergent Working Class." Social Science History 23, no. 3 (1999): 357–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200018125.

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By the close of the nineteenth century, Hawai‘i had become a newly annexed territory of the United States and was tightly controlled by a cohesive oligarchy ofhaolesugar capitalists. The “enormous concentration of wealth and power” held by the Big Five sugar factors of Honolulu up until statehood was unparalleled elsewhere in the United States (Cooper and Daws 1985: 3–4). In contrast, native Hawai‘ians and immigrants recruited from China, Portugal, Japan, and the Philippines—in successive and overlapping waves—endured the low wages and poor working and living conditions characteristic of other

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Pereira, Sonia C. "The impact of minimum wages on youth employment in Portugal." European Economic Review 47, no. 2 (2003): 229–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0014-2921(02)00209-x.

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Card, David, and Ana Rute Cardoso. "Can Compulsory Military Service Raise Civilian Wages? Evidence from the Peacetime Draft in Portugal." American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 4, no. 4 (2012): 57–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.4.4.57.

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We provide new evidence on the long-term impacts of peacetime conscription, using longitudinal data for Portuguese men born in 1967. These men were inducted at age 21, allowing us to use pre-conscription wages to control for ability differences between conscripts and nonconscripts. We find a significant 4–5 percentage point impact of service on the wages of men with only primary education, coupled with a zero effect for men with higher education. The effect for less-educated men suggests that mandatory service can be a valuable experience for those who might otherwise spend their careers in lo

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Mira, Maria do Rosário, Andreia Antunes Moura, Vânia Costa, and Raquel Pereira. "Tourism, Economic Development, and Regional Inequality in Portugal: A Data-Driven Approach from 2012 to 2022." Tourism and Hospitality 6, no. 2 (2025): 110. https://doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp6020110.

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This study explores the regional disparities in the tourism sector in Portugal between 2012 and 2022 with the aim of understanding how the spatial distribution, typology, and scale of tourism enterprises relate to regional wage dynamics. Using a quantitative approach, the analysis draws on secondary data from the Ministry of Labour and the Bank of Portugal, incorporating information on business characteristics and average employee remuneration across NUT II or regions. A combination of descriptive statistics, linear mixed-effects regression models, time series analysis, and ANOVA tests were em

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Filatov, Georgy. "António Salazar and the Economy of Portugal (1928—1959)." ISTORIYA 13, no. 5 (115) (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840021551-5.

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Researchers debate on whether the economic policy of António Salazar’s regime was effective, as good macroeconomic performance contrasted with high levels of poverty and low wages. The article proposes to abandon the universalist view on efficiency and consider instead, what goals the Portuguese government put forward and to what extent they were achieved. The paper analyzes the first 30 years of António Salazar’s being in power, when the regime set different goals. In the early years, it pursued financial and economic stability. It was only since the mid-1930s, however, when the first modest

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Antonopoulou, Maria Georgia. "Minimum wage in Greece and Southern Europe: Towards a new model for shaping labour relations." Social Cohesion and Development 14, no. 1 (2021): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/scad.25765.

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The article focuses on the institution of the general minimum wage in Greece and Southern Europe during the economic recession and up to the present day. The economic crisis and the way it was dealt with by European and international institutions led not only to constraints in social expenditure but also restrictive income policies, among other things. Especially in countries that found themselves involved in ‘fiscal adjustment programmes’, like Greece, Spain, and Portugal, the whole of the labour market and labour relations became the arena for radical reforms. The declared targets were incre

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Bomba, Katarzyna. "Minimum Wage Fixing Mechanisms in the EU Member States: A Comparative Overview in the Light of the Draft Directive on Adequate Minimum Wages." Journal of the University of Latvia. Law 15 (November 16, 2022): 137–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/jull.15.09.

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This paper focuses on a comparative legal overview of the minimum wage in Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Romania and Spain. The author uses this context to discuss the significance of constitutions, statutes and collective bargaining agreements. Attention is drawn to the amount of detail in relevant constitutional provisions, the reasons for the discrepancies, as well as to the correlation between the way in which the minimum wage is regulated in the constitution and the way it is regulated by way of statute or collective bargaining agreement. The influence of international

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Figueiredo, Maria da Conceição, Fátima Suleman, and Maria do Carmo Botelho. "Workplace Abuse and Harassment: The Vulnerability of Informal and Migrant Domestic Workers in Portugal." Social Policy and Society 17, no. 1 (2016): 65–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746416000579.

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Policy makers and researchers are alarmed by the pervasive substandard working conditions and mistreatment in domestic work worldwide. Using an original dataset from a sample of domestic workers in Portugal (n = 684), our study explores types of abuse and harassment and tries to unveil the potential factors affecting the likelihood of having been a victim. Empirical evidence pointed to three segments of domestic workers: victims of labour abuses related to contract and wages, victims of multiple abuses including mistreatment and also psychological and sexual harassment, and a segment with no o

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Leightner, Jonathan E. "Do Imports Increase Unemployment? Empirical Estimates That Are Not Model Dependent." Frontiers of Economics in China 16, no. 3 (2021): 447–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.54605/fec20210302.

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Some Ricardian models would predict a fall in unemployment with trade liberalization. In contrast, the Heckscher-Ohlin model (Stolper Samuelson Theorem) would predict trade liberalization would cause a fall in wages for labor scarce countries, resulting in greater unemployment if there are wage rigidities. The choice of which theoretical model is used affects the empirical results obtained. This paper produces estimates of the change in unemployment due to a change in imports that are not model dependent. The estimates produced are total derivatives that capture all the ways that imports and u

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Bulfone, Fabio, and Alexandre Afonso. "Business Against Markets: Employer Resistance to Collective Bargaining Liberalization During the Eurozone Crisis." Comparative Political Studies 53, no. 5 (2019): 809–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414019879963.

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Employer organizations have been presented as strong promoters of the liberalization of industrial relations in Europe. This article, in contrast, argues that the preferences of employers vis-à-vis liberalization are heterogeneous and documents how employer organizations in Spain, Italy, and Portugal have resisted state-led reforms to liberalize collective bargaining during the Euro crisis. It shows that the dominance of small firms in the economies of these countries make employer organizations supportive of selective aspects of sectoral bargaining and state regulation. Encompassing sectoral

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Santos, Eleonora, and Jacinta Moreira. "Social Sustainability of Water and Waste Management Companies in Portugal." Sustainability 14, no. 1 (2021): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14010221.

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The Sustainable Development Goals aim at balancing economic, social and environmental development. In this framework, social sustainability is key to tackle current challenges that hinder the maximization of social satisfaction. Yet, for many years, scholars have negleted the social dimension. A possible explanation may be the difficulty to measure social concepts such as well-being and prosperity. Thus, we argue that, to evaluate sectoral performance, the concept of social sustainability should be translated into metrics, by focusing on the indicators that impact on those social concepts. Con

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Ponuzhdaev, E. A., and Tatiana A. Shpilkina. "«Roses» and «thorns» of the international division of labor: dialogue with history and modernity." Scientific notes of the Russian academy of entrepreneurship 19, no. 3 (2020): 209–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24182/2073-6258-2020-19-3-209-221.

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The authors considered historical and topical issues of the international division of labor (MRT). The analysis and parallel of MRI data by ancient scientists, researchers, scientists and experts of the XVIII, XIX, and XXI centuries. On the example of the European Union countries Greece, Spain and Portugal, the analysis of GDP, wages and unemployment as key indicators that characterize the economy of countries is carried out. The historical «cycle» of social structures is given and the dynamics of the ratio of the upper (B), middle (C) and lower (H) classes is shown.  It shows the curren

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McCall Howard, Penny. "Workplace cosmopolitanization and "the power and pain of class relations" at sea." Focaal 2012, no. 62 (2012): 55–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fcl.2012.620105.

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This article examines the "power and the pain of class relations" (Ortner 2006) through the experience of Scottish men working in the global shipping, offshore oil, and fishing industries: industries in which the nationality of workers has changed significantly since the 1980s. It combines recent anthropological literature on subjectivity and cosmopolitanism with a Marxist understanding of class as generated through differing relationships to production. The article describes how British seafarers have experienced the cosmopolitanization of their workplaces, as workers from Portugal, Eastern E

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Lopes, José Da Silva. "The Role of the State in the Labour Market: Its Impact on Employment and Wages in Portugal as Compared with Spain." South European Society and Politics 8, no. 1-2 (2003): 269–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13608740808539651.

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Kovačević, Radovan. "The export performance and competitiveness of the Euro area's periphery." Ekonomski horizonti 24, no. 3 (2022): 243–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/ekonhor2203243k.

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This paper examines the impact of the selected factors on the real exports of goods and services in the several Euro area (the eurozone) peripheral economies. There are five countries in the sample (Italy, Spain, Portugal, Ireland, and Greece). The time period from 2000 to 2019 is considered. The research is aimed at providing robust estimates of the long-term relationship between the real exports of these countries and the selected explanatory variables using panel data analysis. The coefficients of the cointegration export equation were estimated using the FMOLS and DOLS estimators. Using th

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Madureira, Teresa, Fernando Nunes, Fernando Mata, and Manuela Vaz-Velho. "A SWOT Analysis of Organizations in the Agri-Food Chain Sector from the Northern Region of Portugal Using the PESTEL and MEETHS Frameworks." Agriculture 14, no. 9 (2024): 1554. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14091554.

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Research on modern agri-food chains aims to enhance flexibility by analyzing supply chain aspects to identify improvement opportunities. A SWOT analysis of 39 agri-food sector organizations using a SWOT analysis organized using the PESTEL and MEETHS categories was conducted to evaluate the stakeholders’ needs in this sector of activity in Northern Portugal. Logistic regressions were used to compute inferential statistics, which were complemented with a qualitative analysis. Cooperatives and primary sector companies often claim superior product quality without clear evidence, while corporations

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GUEDES, GRAÇA, and PAULO VAZ. "Reinventing the Portuguese knitwear industry: the case of Pedrosa & Rodrigues private label management model." Industria Textila 72, no. 05 (2021): 469–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.072.05.202035.

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During the first decade of this century, the Portuguese knitwear industry, and textile cluster, were strongly affected by globalisation and seemed destined to decline. The Portuguese knitwear industry developed for decades a business model based on price as the main competitive factor, and that model was no longer able to support competitiveness against low wages countries. Portuguese knitwear industry made a dramatic change towards a competition based on value to the client. The companies adopted as primary differentiation drives technological innovation, design, fashion, and services custome

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Mirgorod-Karpova, V. V. "Peculiarities of family medicine functioning and provision of medical services: experience of the European Union and lessons for Ukraine." Legal horizons, no. 26 (2021): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/legalhorizons.2021.i26.p35.

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The development and promotion of health care and the functioning of primary care in general has a positive impact on health care system in the country. However, such a positive impact is possible only in the case of the efficiency and accessibility of medical services at this stage, when the family doctor is able to provide quality and comprehensive range of services, cooperate with other doctors, and carry out high-level preventive measures. The principles on which family medicine is built create the preconditions for doctors to compete with each other for patients, which directly affects the

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Bihs, Hans, Widar Weizhi Wang, Ronja Ehlers, Tiago Gomes, and Guilherme Vaz. "MODELING WAVE CONDITIONS AT THE ERICEIRA WORLD SURF RESERVE USING THE NON-HYDROSTATIC NAVIER-STOKES SOLVER REEF3D::NHFLOW." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 38 (May 29, 2025): 92. https://doi.org/10.9753/icce.v38.waves.92.

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The World Surf Reserve (WSR) Ericeira, Portugal was established by the Save the Waves Coalition in 2011. The goal of this initiative is to preserve the surf waves and maintain the local coastal environment without further development. Recently, formal plans for preserving the Ericeira coastline were announced by the WSR Ericeira and the Local Stewardship Council. In this spirit, the EEA Portugal funded project “Coastal Wave Modelling in the World Surfing Reserve of Ericeira” works on delivering detailed wave information using state-of-the-art numerical wave models. With crucial importance to t

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Kosatsky, T. "The 2003 European heat waves." Eurosurveillance 10, no. 7 (2005): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/esm.10.07.00552-en.

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The current issue of Eurosurveillance updates and provides additional context to the report in early 2004 of an estimated 22 080 excess deaths in England and Wales, France, Italy and Portugal during and immediately after the heat waves of the summer of 2003 [1]. While estimates for England and Wales [2], France [3], and Portugal [4], are largely unchanged from those reported earlier, to these should be added 6595-8648 excess deaths in Spain [5], of which approximately 54% or 3574-4687 occurred in August, and 1400-2200 in the Netherlands [6], of which an estimated 500 occurred during the heat w

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Von Rekowski, Cristiana P., Tiago A. H. Fonseca, Rúben Araújo, et al. "The Characteristics and Laboratory Findings of SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients during the First Three COVID-19 Waves in Portugal—A Retrospective Single-Center Study." Medicina 60, no. 1 (2023): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina60010059.

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Background and Objectives: Given the wide spectrum of clinical and laboratory manifestations of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it is imperative to identify potential contributing factors to patients’ outcomes. However, a limited number of studies have assessed how the different waves affected the progression of the disease, more so in Portugal. Therefore, our main purpose was to study the clinical and laboratory patterns of COVID-19 in an unvaccinated population admitted to the intensive care unit, identifying characteristics associated with death, in each of the first three waves of

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Pereira, João, and Aurora Galego. "Intra-regional Wage Inequality in Portugal." Spatial Economic Analysis 10, no. 1 (2014): 79–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17421772.2014.992360.

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Neves, Claudio F., Luiz Augusto M. Endres, Conceição Juana Fortes, and Daniel Spinola Clemente. "THE USE OF ADV IN WAVE FLUMES: GETTING MORE INFORMATION ABOUT WAVES." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (2012): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.waves.38.

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This article discusses the advantages of measuring wave orbital velocities in coastal two-dimensional physical models in addition to free surface profiles. A brief presentation of linear theory for partial standing wave is made and early experimental works on this subject are reviewed. Since 2005, additional experiments have been conducted on wave flumes in Brazil (INPH, IPH/UFRGS) and in Portugal (LNEC), in order to characterize wave patterns in terms of velocity data obtained by ADVs. A few questions are posed in the conclusion of the article, which aim at suggesting special care on the inte

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Oliveira, A. Virgílio M., António M. Raimundo, Adélio R. Gaspar, and Divo A. Quintela. "Heat Waves in Portugal During the 2001–2024 Period: An Overview." Climate 13, no. 6 (2025): 108. https://doi.org/10.3390/cli13060108.

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The present contribution addresses the Heat Waves (HWs) which occurred in Portugal’s mainland during the first 24 years of the XXI century: the number of HWs, their frequency, duration and geographic localization, among other impacts, are described. In a complementary perspective, due to the significant impacts of the 2003 HW, specifically in terms of mortality, a more detailed analysis of this event is performed. For the present analysis, HWs were identified using a modified version of the Heat Wave Duration Index (HWDI) proposed by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). During the XXI

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Silva, Carlos Santos, Diana Vieira Fernandes, Ricardo Gomes, et al. "CLIMAEXTREMO: A New Risk Indicator for the Health Risk to Building Occupants during Extreme Weather Events in Portugal." Sustainability 16, no. 12 (2024): 5171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16125171.

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Portugal is the country in Europe where the death rate in winter and summer has the highest correlation with outdoor temperatures. The Portuguese National Institute of Public Health Ricardo Jorge has developed a national warning system for heat waves called ICARO, which has been in place since 1999 (and is the oldest in Europe). However, it presents some limitations, namely, the low spatial resolution (five regions in Portugal’s mainland), the low temporal forecasting period (one day), and the fact that it was only accessible to health authorities until very recently. This work describes the d

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Oliveira, Carlos. "Income and wage inequality in democratic Portugal, 1974–2020." Fiscal Studies 45, no. 3 (2024): 393–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1475-5890.12391.

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AbstractThis paper investigates the evolution of income and wage inequality in Portugal from the 1974 democratic revolution up to 2020, drawing on a series of administrative records, survey data and aggregate statistics. Over this period, Portugal consistently ranked among the most unequal nations in the developed world. The transition from a deeply unequal dictatorial regime, in the wake of the 1974 revolution, brought about substantial redistribution. However, since the 1980s, income and wage inequality followed an arc‐shaped trajectory. There was a sharp rise in inequality from the early 19

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Costa, Joaquim M., Margarida Oliveira, Ricardo J. Egipto, et al. "Water and wastewater management for sustainable viticulture and oenology in South Portugal – a review." Ciência e Técnica Vitivinícola 35, no. 1 (2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ctv/20203501001.

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Assessing sustainability of the wine industry requires improved characterization of its environmental impacts, namely in terms of water use. Therefore, quantification of water inputs and wastewater (WW) outputs is needed to highlight inefficiencies in wine production and related consequences for the environment. Water use and WW generation in irrigated viticulture and oenology remains insufficiently quantified for dry Mediterranean regions (e.g. South Portugal). This paper is focused on wine production under warm and dry climate conditions in the winegrowing region of Alentejo (South Portugal)

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Pereira, João M. R., and Aurora Galego. "Diverging trends of wage inequality in Europe." Oxford Economic Papers 71, no. 4 (2019): 799–823. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpy072.

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Abstract Since the middle/end of the 2000s wage inequality has increased in some European countries (such as Portugal or the UK) and decreased in others (especially in Hungary and Poland). In this article, we analyse the role of the minimum wage and of workers’ and firms’ observed characteristics behind these diverging trends in wage inequality. Our findings indicate that compositional changes as regards education are a key factor pushing up inequality in the majority of the countries, but particularly in Italy and Portugal. Other factors either contribute to increased or decreased inequality,

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Hertig, Elke, Ana Russo, and Ricardo M. Trigo. "Heat and Ozone Pollution Waves in Central and South Europe—Characteristics, Weather Types, and Association with Mortality." Atmosphere 11, no. 12 (2020): 1271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11121271.

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Air pollution and hot temperatures present two major health risks, especially for vulnerable groups such as children, the elderly, and people with pre-existing conditions. Episodes of high ozone concentrations and heat waves have been registered throughout Europe and are expected to continue to grow due to climate change. Here, several different heat and ozone wave definitions were applied to characterize the wave-type extremes for two climatically different regions, i.e., Portugal (South Europe) and Bavaria (Central Europe), and their impacts were evaluated considering each type of hazard ind

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Pereira, João, and Aurora Galego. "Inter-Regional Wage Differentials in Portugal: An Analysis Across the Wage Distribution." Regional Studies 48, no. 9 (2013): 1529–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2012.750424.

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Pereira, João, and Aurora Galego. "Regional wage differentials in Portugal: Static and dynamic approaches." Papers in Regional Science 90, no. 3 (2010): 529–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1435-5957.2010.00328.x.

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De Dominicis, Piero. "Routinization and Covid‑19: A Comparison Between the United States and Portugal." Notas Económicas, no. 51 (December 11, 2020): 133–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/2183-203x_51_7.

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The purpose of this study is to identify the role of automatization in increasing wage inequality, by comparing the United States to Portugal. Using the PSID and Quadros de Pessoal (Personnel Records), we find that labor income dynamics are strongly determined by the variance of the individual fixed component. This effect is drastically reduced by adding information on workers’ occupational tasks, confirming that a decreasing price of capital and the consequent replacement of routine manual workers have deepened wage inequality. During the current crisis, we find that the ability to keep worki

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Fonseca, Madalena, Diana Dias, Carla Sá, and Alberto Amaral. "Waves of (Dis)Satisfaction: Effects of theNumerus Clausussystem in Portugal." European Journal of Education 49, no. 1 (2013): 144–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12042.

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Nogueira, P. J., J. M. Falcão, M. T. Contreiras, E. Paixão, J. Brandão, and I. Batista. "Mortality in Portugal associated with the heat wave of August 2003: Early estimation of effect, using a rapid method." Eurosurveillance 10, no. 7 (2005): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/esm.10.07.00553-en.

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During the first two weeks of August 2003, Portugal was affected by a severe heat wave. Following the identification in Portugal of the influence of heat waves on mortality in 1981 and 1991 (estimated excess of about 1900 and 1000 deaths respectively), the Observatório Nacional de Saúde (ONSA) - Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, together with the Vigilância Previsão e Informação - Instituto de Meteorologia, created a surveillance system called ÍCARO, which has been in operation since 1999. ÍCARO identifies heat waves with potential influence on mortality [1]. Before the end of the

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Lains, Pedro, Ester Gomes da Silva, and Jordi Guilera. "Wage inequality in a developing open economy: Portugal, 1944–1984." Scandinavian Economic History Review 61, no. 3 (2013): 287–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03585522.2013.797922.

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Andini, Corrado. "Within-groups wage inequality and schooling: further evidence for Portugal." Applied Economics 42, no. 28 (2010): 3685–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036840802314564.

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Alcobia, João, and Ricardo Barradas. "Falling labour share and anaemic growth in Portugal: A post-Keynesian econometric analysis." Economic and Labour Relations Review, September 25, 2023, 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/elr.2023.24.

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Abstract In recent decades, the labour share has experienced a downward trend in Portugal at the same time as a weaker and anaemic growth pattern. This seems to suggest that the fall in the labour share represents an important constraint on Portuguese economic growth, which is contrary to the orthodox claims around wage restraint policies – namely, that such policies are a necessary condition of improved macroeconomic performance, owing to their positive effects on private investment through higher profits and on net exports through reduced unit labour costs and a corresponding rise in competi

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Card, David, and Ana Rute Cardoso. "Wage Flexibility Under Sectoral Bargaining." Journal of the European Economic Association, April 7, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jeea/jvac020.

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Abstract Sectoral contracts in many European countries set wage floors for different occupation groups. In addition, employers often pay a wage premium (or wage cushion) to individual workers. We use administrative data from Portugal, linked to collective bargaining agreements, to study the interactions between wage floors and wage cushions and quantify the impact of sectoral wage floors. Although wages exhibit a “spike” at the wage floor, a typical worker receives a 20% premium over the floor, with larger cushions for older and better-educated workers and at higher-productivity firms. Cushion

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Alves, Nuno, Fátima Cardoso, and Manuel Coutinho Pereira. "Response of consumers to wage shocks in the framework of the Portuguese assistance program." Portuguese Economic Journal, April 11, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10258-024-00254-9.

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AbstractThis paper studies the impact on consumption of the exogenous changes in public wages in Portugal during and after the economic and financial assistance program (2011-2014), by exploiting the variability in the size of such changes across municipalities. The initial wage cuts triggered a marked reduction of private consumption, while the reinstatements in the later years gave rise to an increase, albeit of a smaller magnitude. The consumption response was larger for employees with relatively lower wages. Households smoothed the impact on consumption of negative income shocks partly by

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Barradas, Ricardo. "Why are (financialised) workers becoming more resigned and conformist and less claimant? Empirical evidence from Portugal." Economic and Industrial Democracy, August 8, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143831x241265023.

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The deregulation and flexibilisation of labour relations has been on the active neoliberal agenda of policymakers all over the world, including in Portugal. Against this backdrop, labour conditions have been worsening since the 1970s and 1980s, and workers have progressively lost some labour rights, which is noticeable in stagnant (or falling) wages, the rise of personal income inequalities, the proliferation of atypical work, the increase of precariousness, the surge of emotional abuse in the workplace, the deterioration of work–life balance and the spread of informal work. Nonetheless, worke

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Lopes, João Carlos, José Carlos Coelho, and Vítor Escária. "Labour productivity, wages and the functional distribution of income in Portugal: A sectoral approach." Society and Economy, July 29, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/204.2021.00013.

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AbstractThe main purpose of this paper is to study the functional distribution of income in Portugal in the long run, considering the period between 1953 and 2017. The labour share in income or value added depends on two fundamental variables, labour productivity and the average labour compensation. The trends of these variables are quantified for the aggregate economy and for its main productive sectors. An interesting result emerges, namely the different dynamics across sectors, both for the (unadjusted) wage share (considering only the wages of employees) and for the adjusted labour share (

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Campos Lima, Maria da Paz, Diogo Martins, Ana Cristina Costa, and António Velez. "Internal devaluation and economic inequality in Portugal: challenges to industrial relations in times of crisis and recovery." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research, February 24, 2021, 102425892199500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1024258921995006.

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Internal devaluation policies imposed in southern European countries since 2010 have weakened labour market institutions and intensified wage inequality and the falling wage share. The debate in the wake of the financial and economic crisis raised concerns about slow wage growth and persistent economic inequality. This article attempts to shed light on this debate, scrutinising the case of Portugal in the period 2010–2017. Mapping the broad developments at the national level, the article examines four sectors, looking in particular at the impact of minimum wages and collective bargaining on wa

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Pereira, João, Raul Ramos, and Pedro S. Martins. "Wage Cyclicality and Labor Market Institutions." Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society, January 17, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1111/irel.12387.

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ABSTRACTDo labor institutions influence how wages respond to the business cycle? Such responsiveness can then shape several economic outcomes, including unemployment. In this paper, we examine the role of two key labor market institutions—collective bargaining and temporary contracts—upon wage cyclicality. Our evidence is drawn from rich, 2002–2020 matched data from Portugal. We find that workers not covered by collective agreements exhibit much higher wage cyclicality, especially new hires, compared to covered workers. In contrast, workers under temporary contracts do not exhibit sizable diff

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