Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Work coherence »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Work coherence"
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Hammerness, Karen. "From Coherence in Theory to Coherence in Practice." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 108, no. 7 (2006): 1241–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146810610800704.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Historically, one of the central concerns that has plagued the field of teacher education is the observation that fragmentation characterizes the experience of learning to teach. Too often, university-based teacher education programs consist of a set of disconnected individual courses; separate clinical work from coursework; and lack a vision of teaching and learning. Therefore, some teacher educators have argued that creating structurally and conceptually coherent programs will result in more powerful learning for prospective teachers. Yet, although empirical work on such programs is growing, there is little research on the nature of coherence and on how it might develop. To that end, this article documents one teacher education program's efforts to become more coherent, focusing on the ways in which the program tries to become more coherent and on the challenges of coherence. The article concludes with implications for teacher education program design and evaluation, with a focus on the power, complexity, and problems of coherence.
2
Ghosh, Arnab, David Gelbwaser-Klimovsky, Wolfgang Niedenzu, et al. "Two-level masers as heat-to-work converters." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 40 (2018): 9941–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1805354115.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Heat engines, which cyclically transform heat into work, are ubiquitous in technology. Lasers and masers may be viewed as heat engines that rely on population inversion or coherence in the active medium. Here we put forward an unconventional paradigm of a remarkably simple and robust electromagnetic heat-powered engine that bears basic differences to any known maser or laser: The proposed device makes use of only one Raman transition and does not rely on population inversion or coherence in its two-level working medium. Nor does it require any coherent driving. The engine can be powered by the ambient temperature difference between the sky and the ground surface. Its autonomous character and “free” power source make this engine conceptually and technologically enticing.
3
Mingo, Erick Hinds, and David Jennings. "Decomposable coherence and quantum fluctuation relations." Quantum 3 (November 11, 2019): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.22331/q-2019-11-11-202.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In Newtonian mechanics, any closed-system dynamics of a composite system in a microstate will leave all its individual subsystems in distinct microstates, however this fails dramatically in quantum mechanics due to the existence of quantum entanglement. Here we introduce the notion of a `coherent work process', and show that it is the direct extension of a work process in classical mechanics into quantum theory. This leads to the notion of `decomposable' and `non-decomposable' quantum coherence and gives a new perspective on recent results in the theory of asymmetry as well as early analysis in the theory of classical random variables. Within the context of recent fluctuation relations, originally framed in terms of quantum channels, we show that coherent work processes play the same role as their classical counterparts, and so provide a simple physical primitive for quantum coherence in such systems. We also introduce a pure state effective potential as a tool with which to analyze the coherent component of these fluctuation relations, and which leads to a notion of temperature-dependent mean coherence, provides connections with multi-partite entanglement, and gives a hierarchy of quantum corrections to the classical Crooks relation in powers of inverse temperature.
4
Díaz, María García, Giacomo Guarnieri, and Mauro Paternostro. "Quantum Work Statistics with Initial Coherence." Entropy 22, no. 11 (2020): 1223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22111223.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The two-point measurement scheme for computing the thermodynamic work performed on a system requires it to be initially in equilibrium. The Margenau–Hill scheme, among others, extends the previous approach to allow for a non-equilibrium initial state. We establish a quantitative comparison between both schemes in terms of the amount of coherence present in the initial state of the system, as quantified by the l1-coherence measure. We show that the difference between the two first moments of work, the variances of work, and the average entropy production obtained in both schemes can be cast in terms of such initial coherence. Moreover, we prove that the average entropy production can take negative values in the Margenau–Hill framework.
5
Li, Shuang, Jia-Dong Shi, Wen-Yang Sun, Dong Wang, and Liu Ye. "Coherence of two-level atoms within cavity QED." Modern Physics Letters B 31, no. 35 (2017): 1750330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984917503304.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In this work, we investigate the dynamics of the coherence of two atoms trapped in one cavity with resonance and large detuned characters, respectively. By means of tracing over the freedom of the cavity, the evolution coherent state can be obtained. Subsequently, the coherence within the two different scenarios is discussed. Remarkably, an interesting result is obtained as the coherence can be enhanced to a large extent in the framework of large detuning. Besides, we find that there exists a distinctive phenomenon of recovery of the coherence with the interaction time of atom–cavity.
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Reegård, Kaja. "Creating Coherence." YOUNG 25, no. 2 (2016): 141–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1103308816639390.
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This article considers how young people actively participate in their own socialization process by following their journey through the weakly institutionalized vocational education and training (VET) programme for office work in Norway. The article explores the meaning-making strategies students use to construct coherent narratives when faced with uncertain school-to-work transitions. The study is based on qualitative longitudinal interviews, following the same students over a three-year period. They enter vocational education open-minded, yet confident in its future labour market advantages. Initially, they thrive and consider office work a viable career path; however, this enthusiasm is dampened gradually. Deprived of employment opportunities, they complete the apprenticeship and face poor job prospects in a labour market that favours higher education credentials. By reinterpreting vocational education as being of general utility within a discourse where extended transitions are considered normal, they neither appear regretful nor consider themselves deceived.
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Baker, Stuart N., Elizabeth M. Pinches, and Roger N. Lemon. "Synchronization in Monkey Motor Cortex During a Precision Grip Task. II. Effect of Oscillatory Activity on Corticospinal Output." Journal of Neurophysiology 89, no. 4 (2003): 1941–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00832.2002.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Recordings from primary motor cortex (M1) during periods of steady contraction show oscillatory activity; these oscillations are coherent with the activity of contralateral muscles. We investigated synchronization of corticospinal output neurons with the oscillations, which could provide the pathway for their transmission to the spinal motoneurons. One hundred seventy-six antidromically identified pyramidal tract neurons (PTNs) were recorded from M1 in three macaque monkeys trained to perform a precision grip task. Local field potentials (LFP) were simultaneously recorded. All analysis was confined to the hold period of the task, where our previous work has shown that there is the strongest oscillatory activity. Coherence was calculated between LFP and PTN discharge. Significant coherence was seen in three bands, with frequencies of 10–14, 17–31, and 34–44 Hz. Coherence values were low, with the majority of PTN–LFP coherences having a peak lower than 0.05. The phase of coherence was approximately −π/2 radians for each band (with LFP polarity defined as negative upward), although there was some dispersion of phase across the population of PTNs. Coherence was also calculated between pairs of PTNs that had been simultaneously recorded. Where there was significant coherence, it was also generally smaller than 0.05. The phase of PTN–PTN coherence clustered around zero radians. A computer model was constructed to assist the interpretation of the experimental results. It simulated an integrate-and-fire neuron responding to synaptic inputs. A fraction of the synaptic inputs was synchronized with a simulated LFP; the remainder were uncorrelated with it. The model showed that coherence between the LFP and the output spike train considerably underestimated the fraction of synchronized inputs. Additionally, for a given fraction of synchronized inputs, coherence was smaller for high- compared with low-frequency bins. Cell discharge rate also influenced the spike–LFP coherence: coherence was higher for simulations in which the cell discharged at a faster rate. Thus although levels of PTN–LFP coherence seen experimentally were low, a considerable proportion of the input to the PTN must be synchronized with the global oscillatory activity recorded by the LFP. The low LFP–PTN coherences do however indicate that cortical oscillations are transmitted with only low fidelity in the discharge of a single PTN. Using further computer simulations, it was demonstrated that a small population of PTNs could encode the cortical oscillatory signal effectively, since the action of averaging across the population improves the signal:noise ratio. The oscillations will therefore be effectively transmitted to spinal motoneurons, and this has important consequences for the possible role of oscillations in motor control of the hand.
8
Sawyer, Keith. "Coherence in Discourse: Suggestions for Future Work." Human Development 46, no. 4 (2003): 189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000070368.
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Korzekwa, Kamil, Matteo Lostaglio, Jonathan Oppenheim, and David Jennings. "The extraction of work from quantum coherence." New Journal of Physics 18, no. 2 (2016): 023045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/18/2/023045.
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Li, Qing, Kris Vasudevan, and Frederick A. Cook. "3-D coherency filtering." GEOPHYSICS 62, no. 4 (1997): 1310–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444232.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Coherency filtering is a tool used commonly in 2-D seismic processing to isolate desired events from noisy data. It assumes that phase‐coherent signal can be separated from background incoherent noise on the basis of coherency estimates, and coherent noise from coherent signal on the basis of different dips. It is achieved by searching for the maximum coherence direction for each data point of a seismic event and enhancing the event along this direction through stacking; it suppresses the incoherent events along other directions. Foundations for a 2-D coherency filtering algorithm were laid out by several researchers (Neidell and Taner, 1971; McMechan, 1983; Leven and Roy‐Chowdhury, 1984; Kong et al., 1985; Milkereit and Spencer, 1989). Milkereit and Spencer (1989) have applied 2-D coherency filtering successfully to 2-D deep crustal seismic data for the improvement of visualization and interpretation. Work on random noise attenuation using frequency‐space or time‐space prediction filters both in two or three dimensions to increase the signal‐to‐noise ratio of the data can be found in geophysical literature (Canales, 1984; Hornbostel, 1991; Abma and Claerbout, 1995).
Thèses sur le sujet "Work coherence"
1
Holm, John. "work/space : Fractional coherence and ordering in the office." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.527155.
Texte intégral
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Toivanen, Susanna. "Work-Related Inequalities in Health : Studies of income, work environment, and sense of coherence." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Centre for Health Equity Studies (CHESS), Stockholm University/Karolinska Institutet, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-7107.
Texte intégral
3
Fritz, Godfried. "The relationship of sense of coherence to health and work in data processing personnel." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16845.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Bibliography: pages 80-86.<br>The aim of the present study was to test a model of stress and to examine whether the theoretical construct of sense of coherence (SOC) moderated the relationship between stressors and health-related and work-related outcomes. This construct of SOC was identified by an Israeli medical sociologist, Antonovsky. He maintained that the current focus of research on stress is largely pathogenic in nature. He suggested that it would be of value to shift research more towards that which identifies the origins of health. He consequently developed the term "salutogenesis", which requires people to focus on those factors which promote well-being. He also argued that people are not either sick or well, but rather are located on a continuum between health-ease/dis-ease. With respect to their health, persons will find themselves somewhere along this continuum, where they may shift between the two positions. He then suggests that certain factors contribute to facilitating the movement along this continuum. These factors together form a construct which he calls the SOC. The SOC is comprised of core components. He hypothesizes that someone with a strong SOC is likely to make better sense of the world around him/her, thereby engendering resilience towards the impinging stressors. The person with a weak SOC is likely to capitulate to these stressors · more readily and by succumbing to them is going to increase the likelihood that (s)he will move to the dis-ease end of the continuum. This study attempted to investigate the following research questions, namely, whether (1) the stressors were related to the stress outcomes, (2) the SOC was related to the stressors and outcomes, and (3) the SOC moderated the relationships between stressors and outcomes. In the present study the subjects were drawn from all data processing professionals in a large financial organisation. The respondents (~ = 194) replied to a questionnaire which contained scales which measured a variety of job-related stressors, an SOC scale as well as job-related and health-related outcome variables. Intercorrelations between the stressor, moderator and outcome variables were calculated. Other statistical procedures that were utilized were subgroup analyses and the moderated multiple regression analyses. Partial support for all three research questions was obtained. Four of the six stressors were found to correlate significantly with somatic complaints, thereby suggesting that stressors result in persons feeling the results of stress and reporting them physically. The SOC was found to relate to some of the stressors and outcome variables. This would lend partial support to an interpretation of the SOC as having a main effect relationship to stressor and outcome variables. In the subgroup analyses the results showed that out of a possible 54 relationships, the SOC moderated in only seven of them that the moderated multiple regression (MMR) analyses showed out of 54 possible relationships, the SOC moderated in 12 of them health-related variables. Furthermore, the SOC moderated between six outcome variables and six work-related outcomes. These findings then partially support research question 3, which examined whether the SOC would moderate relationships between stressors and outcome variables. This study was concluded by a discussion of the findings, its implications, and the limitations of this research.
4
Muller, Petra Helena Elizabeth. "Organisational politics, sense of coherence and work wellness of protection services members / Petra Helena Elizabeth Muller." Thesis, North-West University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/522.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Continuous changes in the security systems around the world, along with the increased
pressure to perform may result in feelings of distrust, strain in interpersonal relations,
psychological strain, fatigue and tension, all affecting the well-being of employees, especially
among protection services members. Work wellness becomes an important aspect when
focusing on the safety of people to whom the protection services delivers a service, as well as
when the focus is on the safety of these members. Burnout and work engagement are specific
focus areas in this regard. To measure burnout and work engagement, it is important to use
reliable and valid instruments. Along with burnout and work engagement there are other
focus areas that can have a direct influence on these dimensions, namely the perception of
organisational politics. The impact of perceptions of organisational politics on burnout and
work engagement can be moderated or mediated by sense of coherence.
The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between work wellness,
organisational politics and sense of coherence through the development of a model of work
wellness for protection services members comprising of burnout, work engagement,
organisational politics and sense of coherence.
The research method consists of a literature review and an empirical study. A cross-sectional
survey design was used to collect the data. An availability sample (N = 341) from protection
services members was taken. The Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Survey (MBI-GS),
Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES), Perceptions of Organisational Politics (POPS),
Orientation to Life Questionnaire (OTLQ) and a biographical questionnaire were
administered. The statistical analysis was carried out with the help of the SPSS-programme
and AMOS. The statistical methods utilised in the article consisted of descriptive statistics,
Cronbach alpha coefficients, exploratory factor analysis, Pearson product-moment correlation
coefficients and structural equation modelling methods.
vii
Exploratory factor analysis confirmed a two factor model of burnout, consisting of burnout
(exhaustion and cynicism) and professional efficacy which represented the data quite well
after certain items were left out. In previous research among protection services members two
factors in the UWES could also be extracted namely vigour/dedication and absorption. The
MBI-GS and UWES both showed acceptable internal consistencies.
The analysis of Pearson correlations in this study showed that burnout is negatively related to
Vigour/dedication and sense of coherence. Professional efficacy is positively related to
Vigour/dedication and absorption. Vigour/Dedication is positively related to absorption and
sense of coherence.
Prolonged exposure to things like criminal aspects, life-and-death decision making and
general political behaviour at organisational level, can result in feelings of burnout. Negative
perceptions of organisational politics resulted in higher levels of burnout experienced by
protection services members. Sense of coherence mediated the effect of organisational
politics on work wellness.
Recommendations for future research were made.<br>Thesis (M.A. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.
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Gray, Pamela. "Sense of coherence in adolescents and their families in a Swedish speaking community in Finland." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2015. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/27994/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Health behaviours learned in adolescence set precedence for healthy habits that extend throughout the lifespan. During adolescence transitions take place that lay the foundations for health and wellbeing in adulthood. This study is underpinned by two frameworks: Antonovsky’s theory of salutogenesis and Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory. Research evidence within the salutogenic paradigm suggests that both the strength of an individual’s Sense of Coherence (SOC) and the Sense of Family Coherence (SOFC) are linked to positive health outcomes. This study aimed to explore how family life is associated with the development of SOC in adolescents. To achieve this a fully integrated longitudinal mixed method research design was employed. Data were collected through mixed method surveys in three waves and semi-structured family interviews using genograms and ecomaps as data collecting tools. The sample was purposively selected from one school and consisted of Swedish-speaking Finns: 65 adolescents, 89 parents and 56 families. Longitudinal data were generated from 18 families. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, content analysis and thematic analysis. The study findings add to the body of knowledge of the sparsely researched area of a collective SOC. Developmental processes of SOC were found to take place in several environments of development simultaneously, with each of these environments providing diverse contexts for complex non-linear and overlapping processes influencing social, physical and mental dimensions of wellbeing. It was however not the contexts of development that were the most crucial factors influencing SOC but rather the processes that took place within these contexts. The findings suggest a reciprocal relationship between SOFC and SOC, with a strong SOFC promoting the development of a strong SOC in adolescents. Individuals with strong SOC scores and families with strong SOFC scores voiced an understanding of beliefs, facts and values deemed important for health and wellbeing. They also demonstrated insight into what actions are needed and should therefore be taken when aiming to promote the health and wellbeing of adolescents. This study recommends that a salutogenic discourse of health should be implemented when planning and implementing policies and strategies aimed at promoting the health and wellbeing of adolescents and their families, leading to improved health and wellbeing.
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Van, der Linde René. "Work wellness, sense of coherence and health of protection services members / René van der Linde." Thesis, North-West University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/563.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The impact of change on organisations and the transforming role of the protection services
member means that protection services members perform under more stress than members of
almost any other profession. They are human and experience the same or sometimes more
severe forms of depression, anxiety and other symptoms than other people.
The objectives of this study were to determine the construct validity and internal consistency
of the MBI-GS, UWES, OTLQ and Health subscales of the ASSET for protection services
members. The relationship between work wellness, sense of coherence and health and the
development of a model of work wellness for protection services members was determined.
The research method consists of a literature review and an empirical study using a cross-sectional
survey design to collect data. An availability sample (N = 341) from protection
services members was taken. The Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Survey (MI-GS),
Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES), Orientation to Life Questionnaire (OTLQ),
Health subscales of the ASSET and a Biographical questionnaire were administered. The
statistical analysis was carried out with the help of the SPSS-programme and AMOS. The
statistical methods utilised in the article consisted of descriptive statistics, Cronbach alpha
coefficients, exploratory factor analysis, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients
and structural equation modelling methods.
Exploratory factor analysis confirmed a two-factor model of work engagement, consisting of
vigour/dedication and absorption. In previous research of protection services members, two
factors in the MBI-GS could also be extracted, namely, burnout and professional efficacy.
The MBI-GS and UWES both showed acceptable internal consistencies. Construct
equivalence for different language groups was confirmed for the MBI-GS and UWES.
vii
Product-moment correlation coefficients showed significant negative correlations between
Burnout and Vigour/Dedication, Burnout and Sense of Coherence, Sense of Coherence and
Physical Health, Sense of Coherence and Psychological Health.
There were significant positive correlations between Physical Health and Psychological
Health, Professional Efficacy and Vigour/Dedication, Professional Efficacy and Absorption,
Vigour/Dedication and Absorption and lastly Physical Health and Psychological Health.
A causal model of work wellness was developed. The first two hypothesis were accepted:
Work Wellness consists of Burnout and Work Engagement and high levels of burnout may
result in either physical of psychological health problems. The third hypothesis was only
partially accepted: the path coefficient from Sense of Coherence to Work Wellness and I11
Health is significant. Sense of Coherence partially mediated the impact of Burnout as part of
Work Wellness on Ill Health. The path coefficient from Sense of Coherence to Ill Health was
also found to be significant, indicating that higher levels of Sense of Coherence can result in
fewer health problems.
Recommendations for future research were made.<br>Thesis (M.A. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.
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Anstey, G. M. "The effects of sense of coherence on work stressors and outcomes in blue collar workers." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17172.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Bibliography: pages 105-116.<br>The present study investigated the relationships between work stressors, three moderator variables, and a variety of affective, behavioural and health outcomes. More specifically, it was hypothesized that the work stressors would be significantly associated with adverse affective, behavioural and health outcomes. Furthermore, it was hypothesized that personal and situational variables, in the form of the Sense of Coherence (Antonovsky, 1979, 1987), Job Decision Latitude (Karasek, 1979), and Participation in Decision Making, would moderate the relationships between work stressors and a variety of outcomes. The data were obtained from a sample of 111 male, white, blue collar workers at a large chemicals manufacturing organization from a questionnaire compiled for this study, and organizational records. The data were subjected to correlational analysis, supplemented by a form of moderated multiple regression analysis. It was found that the relationships between work stressors and outcome variables were insignificant which led to the conclusions that firstly, a priori specification of stressors may ignore the specificity of persons' appraisals of and responses to stressors, and secondly, consideration must be given to the affective meaning ascribed by subjects to job demands. The moderating effects of the Sense of Coherence, Job Decision Latitude and Participation in Decision Making were inconsistently related to outcome variables, frequently operating in the unexpected direction. It was, however, demonstrated that the main effects of the moderating variables which operated in the expected direction, outweighed the unanticipated negative interaction effects. It was observed that the inclusion of personality variables and situational variables in future studies of occupational stress are necessary, a conclusion which is consistent with more recent findings.
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Du, Plessis Anita Gesiena. "The relationship between emotional intelligence, locus of control, self-efficacy, sense of coherence and work adjustment." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86263.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (MComm)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The military is a unique working environment that poses several challenges to
soldiers. These include numerous ambiguities, psychological stressors,
physical demands and resource challenges. In order for the military to be
successful, it is important to employ individuals who will be able to thrive in
this environment. The theory of work adjustment proposes correspondence
between an individual and his or her work environment. The military needs
individuals who will fit well into the organisation and enhance its capabilities.
The objective of this study was to explore the possible relationships between
emotional intelligence, locus of control, self-efficacy, sense of coherence and
work adjustment within a military sample. The data was collected from a
sample of 295 members of the South African National Defence Force
preparing for an international deployment. The descriptive statistics included
76,6% males and 23,4% females with the majority of respondents (292) from
the South African Army (99%), while the other respondents (3) were from the
South African Military Health Service (1%). Quantitative research techniques were employed to test the stated
hypotheses. Emotional intelligence, locus of control, self-efficacy and sense
of coherence were analysed as independent variables and work adjustment
as the dependant variable. The findings supported the hypotheses, and
relationships between emotional intelligence, locus of control, self-efficacy
and sense of coherence were established. Contributions towards theory,
literature, practice, labour, policies and military commanders are made.
Recommendations for future research are also presented.
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Pieterse, Abraham Johannes Hendrik. "Work-related well-being in sector education training authorities / A.J.H. Pieterse." Thesis, North-West University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/806.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A growing economy demands a skilled workforce, and the reality of the situation in South
Africa is that, due to former apartheid policies and job reservation, there are large numbers of
unemployed people with little hope of employment in the formal sector because they lack
skills and experience. The National Skills Development and the Skills Development Levy
Act gave rise to the development of the National Skills Development Strategy (NSDS). The
NSDS is now entering its second five-year cycle with the scoreboard reflecting both gains
and challenges for Sector Education Training Authorities (SETAs) as the primary delivery
institutions of the NSDS.
The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between job demands and job
resources and the work wellness of employees in SETAs, using a cross-sectional survey
design. The survey consisted of 159 SETA employees in South Africa. The Maslach Burnout
Inventory - General Survey, the Utrecht Work engagement Scale, the ASSET (An
Organizational Stress Screening Evaluation Tool) and the Orientation to Life Questionnaire,
were administered. Descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analyses, Pearson correlations
and structural equation modelling were used to analyse the data.
The results of this study confirmed the construct validity and reliability of the scales which
were employed to measure work-related well-being. Furthermore, the results showed that
overload predict exhaustion. Cynicism was best predicted by a lack of resources (specifically
growth opportunities and lack of organisational support) and a weak sense of coherence.
Vigour and dedication were predicted by growth opportunities, organisational support and a
strong sense of coherence Exhaustion predicted physical ill-health, while both exhaustion
and cynicism contributed to psychological ill-health. Affective organisational commitment
was predicted by vigour and dedication, while behavioural organisational commitment was
predicted by high vigour and low exhaustion.
Recommendations for SETAs and future research were made<br>Thesis (M.Com. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006.
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Axelsson, Lars, Ingemar Andersson, Anders Håkansson, and Göran Ejlertsson. "Work ethics and general work attitudes in adolescents are related to quality of life, sense of coherence and subjective health : a Swedish questionnaire study." Högskolan Kristianstad, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-897.
Texte intégralRésumé :
BACKGROUND: Working life is an important arena in most people's lives, and the working line concept is important for the development of welfare in a society. For young people, the period before permanent establishment in working life has become longer during the last two decades. Knowledge about attitudes towards work can help us to understand young people's transition to the labour market. Adolescents are the future workforce, so it seems especially important to notice their attitudes towards work, including attitudes towards the welfare system. The aim of this study was to describe and analyse upper secondary school students' work attitudes, and to explore factors related to these attitudes. METHODS: The sample consisted of 606 upper secondary school students. They all received a questionnaire including questions about quality of life (QOL), sense of coherence (SOC), subjective health and attitudes towards work. The response rate was 91%. A factor analysis established two dimensions of work attitudes. Multivariate analyses were carried out by means of logistic regression models. RESULTS: Work ethics (WE) and general work attitudes (GWA) were found to be two separate dimensions of attitudes towards work. Concerning WE the picture was similar regardless of gender or study programme. Males in theoretical programmes appeared to have more unfavourable GWA than others. Multivariate analyses revealed that good QOL, high SOC and good health were significantly related to positive WE, and high SOC was positively related to GWA. Being female was positively connected to WE and GWA, while studying on a practical programme was positively related to GWA only. Among those who received good parental support, GWA seemed more favourable. CONCLUSION: Assuming that attitudes towards work are important to the working line concept, this study points out positive factors of importance for the future welfare of the society. Individual factors such as female gender, good QOL, high SOC and good health as well as support from both parents, positive experience of school and work contacts related positively to attitudes towards work. Further planning and supportive work have to take these factors into account.
Livres sur le sujet "Work coherence"
1
Childre, Doc Lew. From chaos to coherence: The power to change performance. Planetary, 2000.
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Childre, Doc Lew. From chaos to coherence: The power to change performance. Planetary, 2000.
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Bruce, Cryer, ed. From chaos to coherence: Advancing emotional and organizational intelligence through inner quality management. Butterworth-Heinemann, 1999.
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The colon hypothesis: Word order, discourse segmentation and discourse coherence in ancient Greek. VUBPress, 2011.
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1947-, Homestead Elaine R., and McGinnis Karen L. 1963-, eds. Making integrated curriculum work: Teachers, students, and the quest for coherent curriculum. Teachers College Press, 1997.
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Jones, Finola. The fiction of a coherent iconography: The installation work of Finola Jones, 1989-96. Dogbowl+Bones, 1996.
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Inner London Education Authority. Youth Service Inspectors. Social education and youth work practice: Towards more conscious practiceand more coherent patterns of provision , a position paper. ILEA, 1986.
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Nachtergaele, Lutgarde. Apollo op vrijersvoeten: Een onderzoek naar de thematische coherentie in de "Verzamelde verhalen" van S. Vestdijk. Collège Erasme, 1996.
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Di Salvo, Maria Giovanna. Italia, Russia e mondo slavo. Edited by Alberto Alberti, Maria Cristina Bragone, Giovanna Brogi Bercoff, and Laura Rossi. Firenze University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-064-8.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This book is a collection of some of the most interesting work by Maria Di Salvo compiled on the occasion of her sixty-fifth birthday. These articles reflect her intellectual curiosity, her clarity of exposition and the capacity to apply and amalgamate different methodologies and disciplines, blending them into a coherent whole despite the variety of topics and subjects of study. We have favoured the essays that are harder to get hold of, making selections that enable the identification of two essential groups: the philological and literary studies and those related to the relations between Russia and Italy. We trust that the choices made will offer an organic overview of the intellectual and academic career of Maria Di Salvo, including the latest 'new path' of research, that on punctuation in the Slavic languages, and while awaiting the imminent publication by Edizioni dell'Orso, of the part devoted to Russia in the memoirs of Filippo Balatri, the famous castrato sent by the Grand Duke of Tuscany to the Russian court at the end of the seventeenth century.
Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Work coherence"
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Burnell, Peter. "The Coherence of Democratic Peacebuilding." In Making Peace Work. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230595194_4.
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Thompson, Neil. "Developing coherence: drawing on existentialism." In Theorizing Social Work Practice. Macmillan Education UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-01416-0_11.
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Zhou, Jing. "Coherence, Courage, and Community: Lessons Learned from Professor Teresa Amabile." In Creativity at Work. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61311-2_21.
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Bullock, Theodore H., and Michael C. McClune. "Lateral coherence of the electrocorticogram: a new measure of brain synchrony." In How do Brains Work? Birkhäuser Boston, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-9427-3_33.
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Wisker, Gina. "Preparing Your Thesis and Dissertation — Coherence, Conclusions and Conceptual Level Work." In The Postgraduate Research Handbook. Macmillan Education UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-36494-3_28.
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Mathur, Umang, P. Madhusudan, and Mahesh Viswanathan. "What’s Decidable About Program Verification Modulo Axioms?" In Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45237-7_10.
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Abstract We consider the decidability of the verification problem of programs modulo axioms — automatically verifying whether programs satisfy their assertions, when the function and relation symbols are interpreted as arbitrary functions and relations that satisfy a set of first-order axioms. Though verification of uninterpreted programs (with no axioms) is already undecidable, a recent work introduced a subclass of coherent uninterpreted programs, and showed that they admit decidable verification [26]. We undertake a systematic study of various natural axioms for relations and functions, and study the decidability of the coherent verification problem. Axioms include relations being reflexive, symmetric, transitive, or total order relations, functions restricted to being associative, idempotent or commutative, and combinations of such axioms as well. Our comprehensive results unearth a rich landscape that shows that though several axiom classes admit decidability for coherent programs, coherence is not a panacea as several others continue to be undecidable.
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Carroll, Noel, Finn Olav Bjørnson, Torgeir Dingsøyr, Knut-Helge Rolland, and Kieran Conboy. "Operationalizing Agile Methods: Examining Coherence in Large-Scale Agile Transformations." In Agile Processes in Software Engineering and Extreme Programming – Workshops. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58858-8_8.
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Abstract Following the highly pervasive and effective use of agile methods for software development, attention has now turned to the much more difficult challenge of applying these methods in large scale, organization-wide development. However, identifying to what extent certain factors influence success and failure of sustaining large-scale agile transformations remains unclear and there is a lack of theoretical frameworks to guide such investigations. By adopting Normalization Process Theory and specifically ‘coherence’, we compare two large-scale agile transformation case studies and the different perspectives individuals and teams had when faced with the problem of operationalizing the agile method as part of their large-scale agile transformation. The key contributions of this work are: (i) this is a first attempt to present the results of a comparison between a successful and failed large-scale agile transformations; and (ii) we describe the challenges in understanding the rationale, differences, value, and roles associated with the methods to support the large-scale agile transformation. We also present future research for practitioners and academics on large-scale agile transformation.
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Bugajska, Joanna, and Maria Widerszal Bazyl. "Work Ability and Its Relationship to Sense of Coherence among Workers with Chronic Diseases – Results of Research." In Individual and Occupational Determinants. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003088479-13.
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Crisafi, Nicolò. "Interrupted and Unfinished." In Openness in Medieval Europe. ICI Berlin Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37050/ci-23_05.
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This essay interprets Dante’s Commedia as an ‘open work’ (Eco). It grounds its open-endedness in its representations of interruption: from fictional obstacles in the protagonist’s path in the Inferno to the narrator’s anxiety over unfinishedness in the Paradiso. Taking its cue from Boccaccio’s creative rewriting of Dante’s life, the essay resists the pressure of ‘total coherence’ embedded in (and often projected onto) the Commedia, in order to reclaim the material vulnerability of the text and of its author.
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Reimers, Fernando M. "Conclusions. Seven Lessons to Build an Education Renaissance After the Pandemic." In Implementing Deeper Learning and 21st Education Reforms. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57039-2_8.
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Abstract This chapter draws out seven lessons from the cross-country analysis of the six reforms studied in this chapter. These are: Lesson 1. The power of complex mindsets about education reform. The six reforms all reflect reliance on the worldviews presented in the five frames of reform: cultural, psychological, professional, institutional and political. Those that have been sustained relied on insights from more of these five frames than those that were short lived. Lesson 2. Implementation matters considerably. The chapter discusses how the implementation process in effect recreates a reform, and how the development of an operational strategy defining the details of reform is what in the end most matters to the success of reform. The chapter discusses how the six reforms produced rather distinct operational strategies of seemingly similar components of the reform such as the learning goals for students or teacher professional development. Implementation strategies are also based on implicit theories of how organizations work, and the chapter explains the usefulness of a developmental theory of how organizations evolve to designing strategies that are aligned with the functionings that are possible in a given developmental stage, while also helping the organization evolve towards higher levels of functioning. Lesson 3. The need for operational clarity. People can’t execute what they don’t understand, and a reform must be able to translate goals into clear objectives and reform components into clear tasks which can be widely communicated and understood, as well as tracked to discern improvement and course correct when necessary. Lesson 4. Large scale reform is a journey: Coherence, Completeness and the Five Frames. The chapter explains how using the five dimensional theory of educational change can support coherence and completeness in a reform. Lesson 5. Sequencing, pacing and the importance of first steps. An operational strategy needs to be sequenced attending to ambition of goals, to existing levels of capacity and to institutional stage of development of the system. The first steps in the sequence are consequential because they shape the narrative of reform in ways that have long lasting consequences. Lesson 6. Staying the course. Long policy cycles are essential for reforms to be implemented and to produce results, and those cannot be taken for granted. Coherence, communication and participation can garner support that sustains a reform over time. Lesson 7. Learning from experience to build system level capacity. Most important to the coherent implementation of a reform is to create opportunities for key stakeholders, at various levels of the system, to learn together as a result of implementing components of the reform. Creating feedback loops and processes for making sense of such information is critical to support such learning.
Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Work coherence"
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Kurizki, Gershon. "Control of Work and Cooling in Quantum Thermodynamics." In Conference on Coherence and Quantum Optics. OSA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cqo.2013.t4b.2.
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Vedral, Vlatko. "Extracting quantum work statistics by single qubit interferometry." In Conference on Coherence and Quantum Optics. OSA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cqo.2013.t5b.1.
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Elouard, Cyril, Mordecai Waegell, Benjamin Huard, and Andrew N. Jordan. "Spooky Work at a Distance: An Interaction-Free Quantum Measurement Driven Engine." In Conference on Coherence and Quantum Optics. OSA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cqo.2019.m5a.3.
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Fosh, Lesley, Steve Benford, and Boriana Koleva. "Supporting Group Coherence in a Museum Visit." In CSCW '16: Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing. ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2818048.2819970.
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Rivet, Sylvain, Adrian Bradu, Michael Maria, Thomas Feuchter, Lasse Leick, and Adrian Podoleanu. "From master slave interferometry to complex master slave interferometry: theoretical work." In Second Canterbury Conference on Optical Coherence Tomography, edited by Ole Bang and Adrian Podoleanu. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2303761.
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Woerner, Stephanie L., JoAnne Yates, and Wanda J. Orlikowski. "Conversational Coherence in Instant Messaging and Getting Work Done." In Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hicss.2007.152.
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Sokolov, Alexei V., Volker Deckert, Zhenhuan Yi, and Marlan O. Scully. "Detecting coronavirus with FASTER CARS: molecular coherence at work." In Optical and Quantum Sensing and Precision Metrology, edited by Selim M. Shahriar and Jacob Scheuer. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2586828.
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Xu, Jun, Zeyang Lei, Haifeng Wang, Zheng-Yu Niu, Hua Wu, and Wanxiang Che. "Enhancing Dialog Coherence with Event Graph Grounded Content Planning." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/545.
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How to generate informative, coherent and sustainable open-domain conversations is a non-trivial task. Previous work on knowledge grounded conversation generation focus on improving dialog informativeness with little attention on dialog coherence. In this paper, to enhance multi-turn dialog coherence, we propose to leverage event chains to help determine a sketch of a multi-turn dialog. We first extract event chains from narrative texts and connect them as a graph. We then present a novel event graph grounded Reinforcement Learning (RL) framework. It conducts high-level response content (simply an event) planning by learning to walk over the graph, and then produces a response conditioned on the planned content. In particular, we devise a novel multi-policy decision making mechanism to foster a coherent dialog with both appropriate content ordering and high contextual relevance. Experimental results indicate the effectiveness of this framework in terms of dialog coherence and informativeness.
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Заякин, Андрей Анатольевич. "VIRTUAL LABORATORY WORK ON LASER MEASUREMENTS." In Проблемы управления качеством образования: сборник избранных статей Международной научно-методической конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Январь 2022). Crossref, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/ko195.2022.28.44.002.
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Представлено описание разработанной по курсу «Лазерные измерения» виртуальной лабораторной работы для измерения степени когерентности лазерного излучения. Моделирование протекающих процессов и анализ результатов измерений выполнен в среде Matlab. Выделены преимущества использования виртуальных лабораторных работ в дистанционном и в очном формате учебного процесса. A description of the virtual laboratory work developed for the course "Laser Measurements" for measuring the degree of coherence of laser radiation is presented. Modeling of ongoing processes and analysis of measurement results was performed in the Matlab environment. The advantages of using virtual laboratory work in a distance and a full-time learning are highlighted.
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Heikinheimo, Susanne, Katinka Tuisku, and Anne Lamminpää. "O07-2 Sense of coherence in the assessment of work ability among psychiatric patients and return to work outcomes." In Occupational Health: Think Globally, Act Locally, EPICOH 2016, September 4–7, 2016, Barcelona, Spain. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2016-103951.36.
Texte intégralRapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Work coherence"
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Emmerson, Stephen. Modulations through time. Norges Musikkhøgskole, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22501/nmh-ar.530427.
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This article explores the rationale behind a performance given by the authors at the Unfolding the Process symposium held in Oslo in November 2015. For this occasion, the authors devised a new version of Bach’s Goldberg Variations that builds upon Emmerson’s arrangement of the work for two pianos in 2012. A shortened version of the work (c.30 minutes) was designed that aimed nonetheless to maintain the original work’s sense of structural balance and coherence. This version involved the transposition of a number of variations into different keys to explore the possibility of adding a satisfying tonal structure to our experience of the work, in a context where both performers see potential communicative value in 'playing with' dimensions of original masterworks with a view to giving fresh perspective to the listener experience. The article is written from the alternating perspectives of the authors; one of which is primarily concerned with the rationale and process of devising the arrangement while the other reflects upon the performative aspects and implications arising from it.
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Maconachie, Roy, Neil Howard, and Rosilin Bock. Theorising ‘Harm’ in Relation to Children’s Work. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/acha.2020.003.
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A central and implicit issue that shapes the present political and institutional consensus surrounding child labour is the notion of harm. Although efforts to address children’s work rest firmly on assumptions about what is harmful, no coherent theory of harm exists. In this paper, we critically explore ‘harm’ in the context of children’s work and call for a more situated and nuanced approach, incorporating ‘subjective’ and ‘objective’ dimensions. Such an approach has important implications for future research and policy action.
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London, Jonathan. Outlier Vietnam and the Problem of Embeddedness: Contributions to the Political Economy of Learning. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2021/062.
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Recent literature on the political economy of education highlights the role of political settlements, political commitments, and features of public governance in shaping education systems’ development and performance around learning. Vietnam’s experiences provide fertile ground for the critique and further development of this literature including, especially, its efforts to understand how features of accountability relations shape education systems’ performance across time and place. Globally, Vietnam is a contemporary outlier in education, having achieved rapid gains in enrolment and strong learning outcomes at relatively low levels of income. This paper proposes that beyond such felicitous conditions as economic growth and social historical and cultural elements that valorize education, Vietnam’s distinctive combination of Leninist political commitments to education and high levels of societal engagement in the education system often works to enhance accountability within the system in ways that contribute to the system’s coherence around learning; reflecting the sense and reality that Vietnam is a country in which education is a first national priority. Importantly, these alleged elements exist alongside other features that significantly undermine the system’s coherence and performance around learning. These include, among others, the system’s incoherent patterns of decentralization, the commercialization and commodification of schooling and learning, and corresponding patterns of systemic inequality. Taken together, these features of education in Vietnam underscore how the coherence of accountability relations that shape learning outcomes are contingent on the manner in which national and local systems are embedded within their broader social environments while also raising intriguing ideas for efforts to understand the conditions under which education systems’ performance with respect to learning can be promoted, supported, and sustained.
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Fadhila, Audinisa, Karina Barquet, Sarah Dickin, and Niklas Schmidt. Cutting through the aid reporting chaos: Recommendations for better procurement and reporting for WASH and beyond. Stockholm Environment Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2022.003.
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A lack of coherent tracking and procurement presents challenges to innovators in the fields of humanitarian aid and development. That means that international organizations are missing out on tools to help them with their work. Here we present an overview of the current situation, based on a literature review of donor organizations and interviews of innovators and aid/development organization actors. With this view, we make recommendations to improve the tracking systems to open the gates to innovation.
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Kaaret, Kaidi, and Evelin Piirsalu. Decarbonizing the EU’s road and construction sectors through green public procurement: the cases of Estonia and Poland. Stockholm Environment Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2022.031.
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Government spending on public works, goods and services in the European Union (EU) accounts for about 14% of the EU’s GDP. Consequently, the EU and its Member States (MS) can make a great impact in accelerating the development and uptake of low-carbon technologies through green public procurement (GPP). This brief is part of a wider project financed by Breakthrough Energy, aiming to understand the divergences in GPP uptake in different EU MS and to identify key barriers to greater adoption and opportunities ahead. Ultimately, the project aims to contribute to greater policy coherence among member states to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, as well as to increase policy support for the design of GPP implementation frameworks and for harmonized GPP target-setting. In 2020, the road transport sector accounted for 23% and 20% of total Estonian and Polish GHG emissions, respectively, while the construction sector represented about 5% and 9% of Estonian and Polish total GHG emissions, respectively. These numbers point to the large mitigation potential that procuring authorities can support by including environmental criteria in procurements. In this brief, we share the results from our desktop research and stakeholder interviews for Estonia and Poland. Results from all cases and additional research will be published in a report later in 2022.
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Harris, Jody, Sarah Gibbons, O’Brien Kaaba, Tabitha Hrynick, and Ruth Stirton. A ‘Right to Nutrition’ in Zambia: Linking Rhetoric, Law and Practice. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2021.051.
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Zambians in all walks of life are affected by malnutrition, and working through human rights is one key way to address this injustice. Based on research aiming to understand how a ‘right to nutrition’ is perceived by different actors globally and in Zambia, this brief presents a clear framework for a rights-based approach to nutrition in Zambia. This framework identifies rhetorical, legal and practical functions of human rights, and offers a way to think through clearly how different actors might work on the different aspects of rights. Addressing these three aspects of a right to nutrition all together – instead of by very separate constituencies as happens now – is fundamental to a coherent rights-based approach to nutrition. This brief outlines which actors need to come together – from law and policy, activism and communities, across global, national and local levels – and suggests how to start. It lays out the Zambian policy, legal and practical environment as it stands, and suggests actions to move forward in each of these areas in ways that are consistent with the different aspects of rights. Through these steps, Zambia can become known as a hub of action on a right to nutrition, to join with others in using human rights to address the injustice of malnutrition.
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McCarthy, Noel, Eileen Taylor, Martin Maiden, et al. Enhanced molecular-based (MLST/whole genome) surveillance and source attribution of Campylobacter infections in the UK. Food Standards Agency, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.ksj135.
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This human campylobacteriosis sentinel surveillance project was based at two sites in Oxfordshire and North East England chosen (i) to be representative of the English population on the Office for National Statistics urban-rural classification and (ii) to provide continuity with genetic surveillance started in Oxfordshire in October 2003. Between October 2015 and September 2018 epidemiological questionnaires and genome sequencing of isolates from human cases was accompanied by sampling and genome sequencing of isolates from possible food animal sources. The principal aim was to estimate the contributions of the main sources of human infection and to identify any changes over time. An extension to the project focussed on antimicrobial resistance in study isolates and older archived isolates. These older isolates were from earlier years at the Oxfordshire site and the earliest available coherent set of isolates from the national archive at Public Health England (1997/8). The aim of this additional work was to analyse the emergence of the antimicrobial resistance that is now present among human isolates and to describe and compare antimicrobial resistance in recent food animal isolates. Having identified the presence of bias in population genetic attribution, and that this was not addressed in the published literature, this study developed an approach to adjust for bias in population genetic attribution, and an alternative approach to attribution using sentinel types. Using these approaches the study estimated that approximately 70% of Campylobacter jejuni and just under 50% of C. coli infection in our sample was linked to the chicken source and that this was relatively stable over time. Ruminants were identified as the second most common source for C. jejuni and the most common for C. coli where there was also some evidence for pig as a source although less common than ruminant or chicken. These genomic attributions of themselves make no inference on routes of transmission. However, those infected with isolates genetically typical of chicken origin were substantially more likely to have eaten chicken than those infected with ruminant types. Consumption of lamb’s liver was very strongly associated with infection by a strain genetically typical of a ruminant source. These findings support consumption of these foods as being important in the transmission of these infections and highlight a potentially important role for lamb’s liver consumption as a source of Campylobacter infection. Antimicrobial resistance was predicted from genomic data using a pipeline validated by Public Health England and using BIGSdb software. In C. jejuni this showed a nine-fold increase in resistance to fluoroquinolones from 1997 to 2018. Tetracycline resistance was also common, with higher initial resistance (1997) and less substantial change over time. Resistance to aminoglycosides or macrolides remained low in human cases across all time periods. Among C. jejuni food animal isolates, fluoroquinolone resistance was common among isolates from chicken and substantially less common among ruminants, ducks or pigs. Tetracycline resistance was common across chicken, duck and pig but lower among ruminant origin isolates. In C. coli resistance to all four antimicrobial classes rose from low levels in 1997. The fluoroquinolone rise appears to have levelled off earlier and among animals, levels are high in duck as well as chicken isolates, although based on small sample sizes, macrolide and aminoglycoside resistance, was substantially higher than for C. jejuni among humans and highest among pig origin isolates. Tetracycline resistance is high in isolates from pigs and the very small sample from ducks. Antibiotic use following diagnosis was relatively high (43.4%) among respondents in the human surveillance study. Moreover, it varied substantially across sites and was highest among non-elderly adults compared to older adults or children suggesting opportunities for improved antimicrobial stewardship. The study also found evidence for stable lineages over time across human and source animal species as well as some tighter genomic clusters that may represent outbreaks. The genomic dataset will allow extensive further work beyond the specific goals of the study. This has been made accessible on the web, with access supported by data visualisation tools.
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Decarbonizing the EU’s road and construction sectors through green public procurement: the case of Sweden and the Netherlands. Stockholm Environment Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2022.026.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Government spending on public works, goods and services in the European Union (EU) accounts for about 14% of the EU’s GDP. Consequently, the EU and its Member States can make a great impact in accelerating the development and uptake of low-carbon technologies through green public procurement (GPP). This brief is part of a wider project financed by Breakthrough Energy, aiming to understand the divergences in GPP uptake in different EU Member States and to identify key barriers to greater adoption and opportunities ahead. Ultimately, the project’s goal is to contribute to greater policy coherence among member states to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, as well as to increase policy support for the design of GPP implementation frameworks and for harmonized GPP target-setting. We focus on the construction and road transport sector because of their high share of GHG emissions (respectively about 25% and 21% of EU’s total carbon dioxide [CO2] emissions), and hence the large mitigation potential that procuring authorities can support by including sustainability criteria in procurements. In this brief, we share results from our research and stakeholder interviews for Sweden and the Netherlands. Results from all cases and additional research will be published in a report later in 2022.