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1
Mandell, Isabelle N. "Sexualized behavior, likeability and aggression in mixed gender adolescent peer groups : how are they related? /". view abstract or download file of text, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3072599.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2002.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 108-116). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
2
De, Wet Cecilia. "Die verband tussen gesinsorg en interpersoonlike skemas in adolessensie". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52794.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2002.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: An increasing number of children in South Africa are deprived of adequate parental care. Factors exacerbating the situation are the deaths of parents due to HIV/AIDS and contextual stressors like poverty and violence. Children removed from family care in accordance with stipulations of the Act on Child Care, were all exposed to factors of inadequate care like a lack of basic means of existence and/or physical, emotional or spiritual neglect or sexual abuse. The current thesis tried to determine to what extend these factors influence the social development of children. Theories of psychosocial development have shown that optimal social development starts with securing a strong positive and reciprocal emotional bond with the primary caregiver. This is the basis of personal security and interpersonal trust upon which further developmental elements like a positive self image, autonomy, pro-social behaviour, emotional well-being, moral values, the ability to find solutions to problems, self control and expectations about the future, will be based. Schema theory has confirmed the importance of positive developmental experiences in establishing positive expectations about social interaction. Negative developmental experiences will lead to dysfunctional schemas and selective processing of information. This will negatively influence emotional well-being, the ability to solve interpersonal problems and realistically assessing the self and others. Dysfunctional interpersonal patterns, inappropriate social behaviour and a less positive expectation of the future, will follow. Patterns of parental care are still important in adolescence and influence body image, sexual identity, academic achievement, career aspirations, values, autonomy and emotional well-being. Negative patterns of parenting, like loveless over-control and child abuse, lead to dysfunctional interpersonal expectations. Residential care increases the risk of diffused bonding, unless sufficient preventive measures are put in place. In the current thesis ten elements of interpersonal schemas were identified according to the above theories. Statistical comparisons of the elements were done using two groups of adolescents. Adolescents in the first group were removed from parental care in accordance with the Act on Child Care, while adolescents in the second group experienced continuous and adequate parental care. The results supported all of the hyphotheses, with a measure of ambivalence about autonomy. Psychosocial history was proved to be a measurable discriminating factor in adolescent interpersonal schemas. Sex proved to be a further discriminating factor in some elements. Girls were influenced most by the presence or lack of family security. In a second section, current programmes for social empowerment in use in children's homes, were evaluated according to the above results. Indications were given about possible adaptations and additions to therapeutic and skills programmes, the role of substitute families and character traits of staff that may help in limiting the risks of residential care.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: 'n Toenemende getal kinders in Suid-Afrika ontbeer deurlopende en toereikende gesinsorg. Faktore wat hiertoe bydra, is ouersterftes weens MIVNIGS en kontekstuele stressors soos armoede en geweld. Kinders wat uit gesinsorg verwyder word weens die bepalings van die Wet op Kindersorg, was almal blootgestel aan faktore van ontoereikende sorg soos gebrekkige bestaansmiddele en/of fisieke, emosionele of geestelike verwaarlosing of seksuele misbruik. Hierdie proefskrif het probeer vasstel in watter mate dié faktore die sosiale ontwikkeling van kinders beïnvloed. Teorieë omtrent psigososiale ontwikkeling toon aan dat optimale sosiale ontwikkeling begin by die vestiging van 'n sterk positiewe en wederkerige emosionele band met 'n primêre bindingsfiguur. Dit vorm die basis van persoonlike sekuriteit en interpersoonlike vertroue, waarop ontwikkelingselemente soos 'n positiewe selfsiening, outonomie, pro-sosialiteit, emosionele welstand, morele waardes, probleemoplossingsvaardighede, selfbeheer en toekomsverwagting gebaseer is. Skema-teorie bevestig die belang van positiewe ontwikkelings-ervarings in die daarstel van positiewe verwagtings omtrent sosiale interaksie. Negatiewe ontwikkelings-ervarings lei tot disfunksionele skemas, waarin inligting selektief verwerk word. Dit het 'n negatiewe uitwerking op emosionele welstand, die vaardigheid om interpersoonlike probleme op te los en realisties oor die self en ander te oordeel. Die gevolg is patrone van interpersoonlike wanaanpassing, ontoepaslike sosiale optrede en 'n minder positiewe toekomsverwagting. In adolessensie speelouerskapspatrone steeds 'n rol ten opsigte van liggaamsbeeld, geslagsidentiteit, akademiese prestasie, beroepsideale, waardes, outonome optrede en emosionele welstand. Negatiewe ouerskapspatrone, soos oormatige en liefdelose beheer en kindermishandeling, lei tot disfunksionele interpersoonlike verwagtings. Residensiële sorg verhoog die risiko vir diffuse bindingsgedrag, tensy doeltreffende voorsorgmaatreëls daargestel word. In die proefskrif is tien elemente van interpersoonlike skemas aan die hand van die teoretiese uiteensetting geïdentifiseer. 'n Statistiese vergelyking ten opsigte van die elemente is gedoen met twee groepe adolessente. Die eerste groep is weens wetlike bepalings uit ouersorg verwyder, terwyl die tweede groep deurlopende en toereikende ouersorg ervaar het. Die resultate het al die hipoteses ondersteun, met 'n mate van ambivalensie omtrent outonomie. Psigososiale geskiedenis was dus 'n meetbare onderskeidingsfaktor ten opsigte van interpersoonlike skemas in adolessensie. Geslag was 'n verdere meetbare faktor by sommige elemente. Dogters was die meeste beïnvloed deur die teenwoordigheid van óf gebrek aan gesinsekuriteit. In 'n tweede afdeling, is die bestaande programme van sosiale bemagtiging in kinderhuise geëvalueer in die lig van bogenoemde resultate. Aanbevelings is gedoen oor die aanpassing en uitbouing van terapeutiese en vaardigheidprogramme, die rol van substituut-gesinne en die eienskappe van personeel wat kan bydra om die risiko's van inrigtingsorg te verminder.
3
Ricketts, Jennifer J. "Adolescents and power understandings of power, and deconstruction of negative peer interactions /". Connect to this title online, 2003. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20041217.122437.
Testo completo
4
Brooker, Ian. "Social competence a study of adolescents in an outdoor setting /". Master's thesis, Australia : Macquarie University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/84422.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (MEd) -- Macquarie University, Australian Centre for Educational Studies, School of Education, 2008.Bibliography: leaves 86-89.
Introduction -- Literature review -- The challenge program -- Methodology -- Analysis of questionnaire data -- Analysis of interviews -- Discussion of results.
This study investigates the effects of a week long challenge program on adolescents' social skills and in particular social competence. Current research has shown that there can be positive outcomes for participants attending outdoor education programs, however little is known about the nature and causes of such effects for short term programs. -- Thirty six students attending schools in the Sutherland Shire, south of Sydney were nominated by teachers to attend the week long program and subsequent follow-up sessions. The Life Effectiveness Questionnaire H-1 (Neill, Marsh & Richards, 2003) was completed pre and post program and again six months later. This was used to quantify any change that occurred in the eight constructs measured by the questionnaire deemed to constitute "life effectiveness' in the post program period. -- A cohort of students (n=100) was interviewed immediately after the program and six months later. The questioning sought to determine if participants observed changes in their own social skills and those of others. Interviwees were also asked to identify specific activities that they felt were of general benefit and assisted in the development of personal social skills. The instructor and supervising teacher who attended the same program were asked to identify changes in participants and significant events that may have contributed to participants' reported changes. -- Results from the questionnaire showed significant gains in the constructs of Social Competence and Time Management. These however declined over the sixth month period after the program. It appears that the effect of short term outdoor education programs on Life Effectiveness is short lived. In contrast, the qualitative data collected from interviews showed that participants had observed changes in their social skills and attributed these to the challenge and group activities within the program. Participants reported that these benefits were long lasting. -- The findings of this study demonstrate the positive benefits of short term outdoor education programs and the need to further investigate the post program experience.
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
viii, 94 leaves ill
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Mostert, Petronella Louisa. "Determining the relationship between the body image of adolescent girls and their academic achievement, social involvement and sport participation : a pilot study". Thesis, Rhodes University, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003373.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Ever since the earliest times much emphasis has been placed on the physical appearance of women. Particularly in western cultures idealized images of perfection are constantly promoted and the message that comes across in various media outlets is that a woman ought to have a 'perfect' appearance in order to be competent and desirable. This puts a great deal of stress on women and particularly on adolescent girls who are going through a phase of increased sensitivity about their appearance. The literature suggests that people, and women in particular, are fundamentally affected by the way they view their bodies. The body image furthermore has a strong relationship with the self concept, which affects other areas of a person's life such as her academic achievement and her social 'life. Against this background an attempt was made in this study to determine the relationship between the body image of adolescent girls and their academic achievement, their sport participation and their social involvement. The subjects were 180 girls drawn from two rural secondary schools. The survey involved the completion of two questionnaires, namely an adapted form of the Physical Self Subscale of the Tenessee Self Concept Scale (used to determine a score for body image) and a questionnaire on social involvement and sport participation, which was drawn up by the researcher. Biographic data as well as academic scores were gathered from school records. Data was analysed statistically by means of the BMDP Software Version 1990: programme (Sun Unix). Pearson's chi square tests of independence, as well as a one-way analysis of variance with co-variate were carried out. The results reveal that the body image and academic achievement of this group of girls are not significantly correlated. There are, however, significant correlations between the body image and social involvement of these girls, between their body image and sport participation, as well as between their social involvement and sport participation. iv These findings have important implications for"'e"ducation and consideration is given to addressing these issues in schools.
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Lopez, Cristy Rene. "Peer victimization and rejection in early adolescence /". free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3036844.
Testo completo
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Weiss, Virginia G. "EFFECTS OF SOCIAL INTERACTION ON MORPHINE CONDITIONED PLACE PREFERENCE IN ADOLESCENT MALE RATS". UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/psychology_etds/144.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The fact that adolescents commonly initiate drug use in social settings is well established. Both clinical and preclinical research has investigated how social interaction is altered by a variety of drugs of abuse. What is less understood is how the rewarding value of drugs of abuse is affected by the presence of social peers. This dissertation aimed to investigate the interaction of morphine and social play on conditioned place preference (CPP) in adolescent male Sprague Dawley rats, using both behavioral and immunohistochemistry (IHC) methods. Rats were exposed to morphine (0, 1, or 3 mg/kg; s.c.), social interaction, or a combination of both and tested in a modified CPP procedure. Behavioral results indicate that, while doses of morphine used produced only weak CPP across experiments, they were sufficient to reduce the rewarding effect of social interaction. IHC results suggest that this finding may be due to reduced activation in NAc shell. Taken together, the results of this dissertation may help to provide an explanation as to why persons with opioid use disorder spend less time interacting with social peers, compared to non-dependent persons.
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Armsden, Gay Gilbert. "Attachment to parents and peers in late adolescence : relationships to affective status, self-esteem and coping with loss, threat and challenge /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9015.
Testo completo
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Tobola, Cloy Douglas. "Online Interaction and Identity Development: The Relationship between Adolescent Ego Identity and Preferred Communication Activities". Diss., North Dakota State University, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/28944.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the types of communication activities adolescents reported as important and used most frequently, and how these communication preferences were reflected in adolescents' identity development status. Participants were approximately 600 new university students who completed a survey regarding 18 communication activities, along with the Erikson Psychosocial Stage Inventory identity subscale. Data analysis was conducted in two phases. To reduce the frequency and importance data to a manageable size, exploratory factor analyses and confirmatory factor analyses
were conducted. Two identical factors were identified and validated related to the importance and the frequency of communication activities. The first factor comprised four items related to online ''performance": online gaming, participation in virtual reality settings, live chat with strangers, and live chat with groups unknown to the individual. The second factor comprised four communication activities that occurred on social networking sites as individuals created lasting "exhibits" of themselves: updating a personal profile, viewing the profiles of others, posting status messages, and sharing pictures or other
content (articles, jokes, videos) with others. Analysis of means indicated that the three communication activities rated as most important and frequently used were face-to-face interaction, voice calls and text messaging. These were followed by social networking activities, and then writing activities such as
blogging. The performative activities identified in the exploratory factor analysis were ranked as least important and least frequently used. Regression analysis revealed small but statistically significant negative relationships between the reported importance of performative activities and identity development status, and between the reported frequency of performative activities and identity development status. Small positive relationships were also identified between the importance of face-to-face interaction and identity development status, and the importance of voice phone calls and identity development status. Small positive relationships were also identified between the frequency of face-to-face communication and identity development, between the frequency of voice phone calls and identity development, and between the frequency of email use and identity development.
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Shaver, Amy Elizabeth. "Patterns of rule-Violating behavior in children and adolescents /". Connect to this title online, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1069613155.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 115 p.; also includes graphics Includes bibliographical references (p. 105-115). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
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Dorham, Carole LaRue. "Future orientation as a protective factor in the relationship between deviant peer association and adolescent adjustment /". view abstract or download file of text, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3190513.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2005.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 110-116). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Arruda, Talitha Lúcia Macêdo da Silva. "Tribos urbanas e construção da identidade adolescente". Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2008. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=316.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Percebe-se, na contemporaneidade, um crescente movimento, no meio adolescente, de busca de mecanismos identificatórios através do pertencimento a grupos formais e/ou informais. Neste contexto, situam-se as Tribos Urbanas que, segundo Michel Maffesoli (2006) configuram-se como um
fenômeno cultural, agregando adolescentes de diferentes níveis sócioeconômicos com os mais variados interesses. Dessa forma, esta pesquisa objetivou investigar o sentido de pertença a uma Tribo Urbana para a construção da identidade adolescente. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa em que, a partir de uma análise metodológica na perspectiva fenomenológica existencial, utilizando entrevistas semidirigidas, abordou adolescentes, de ambos os sexos, numa faixa etária compreendida entre 18 a 20 anos, de
qualquer nível sócio-econômico, pertencentes à Tribo Urbana de Metaleiros recifenses. Os resultados obtidos trouxeram ricas contribuições para a compreensão do sentido desta pertença e sua importância no universo simbólico do adolescente. Contrariando o senso comum que as Tribos Urbanas agregam "desocupados" e/ou "marginais"; percebemos que estas se constituem como espaços propiciadores de crescimento pessoal, social e
cultural. Além disso, as entrevistas revelaram que as Tribos Urbanas desempenham um relevante papel, para os adolescentes metaleiros, como mediadora entre o "desligamento" do ambiente familiar e a inserção no meio
social. Esta pertença, ainda, configura-se como um dispositivo para a construção de mecanismos de identificação e diferenciação, fundamentais na estruturação da identidade adolescente. Acredita-se que este trabalho possa
oferecer subsídios para um maior entendimento dos mecanismos que operam na construção da identidade adolescente, possibilitando uma melhor compreensão acerca da necessidade gregária dos jovens, minimizando, assim,
a representação social negativa das Tribos Urbanas de adolescentesOn percoit, dans la culture contemporaine, un mouvement croissant, dans les milieux dadolescents, de recherche de mécanismes didentification par lappartenance à des groupes formels et/ou informels. Dans ce contexte sinscrivent les Tribus Urbaines qui, selon Michel Maffesoli (2006) se configurent comme un phénomène culturel, agrégeant des adolescents/adolescentes de divers niveaux socio-économiques avec les intérêts les plus variés. Dans cette foulée, la présente recherche sest fixé comme objectif détudier le sens de lappartenance à une Tribu Urbaine pour la construction de lidentité adolescente. Il sagit dune recherche qualitative dans laquelle, à partir dune analyse méthodologique dans la perspective de la phénoménologie existentielle on a utilisé des entrevues semi-dirigées avec des adolescents des deux sexes dans la tranche dâge des 18-20 ans, de tout niveau socioéconomique et appartenant à la Tribu Urbaine des Metaleiros (Rock Heavy Metal) de Recife. Les résultats obtenus ont apporté de riches contributions pour la compréhension du sens de cette appartenance et de son importance dans lunivers symbolique de ladolescent. Au contraire du sens commun pour qui les Tribus Urbaines réunissent des faînéants e/ou des marginaux, nous avons perçu quelles constituent des espaces propices à la croissance personnelle, sociale et culturelle. En plus, les entrevues ont révélé que les Tribus Urbaines accomplissent un rôle pertinent pour les adolescents metaleiros, dintermédiaire entre la séparation de lentourage familial et linsertion dans le milieu social. Cette appartenance se présente en plus comme un dispositif pour la construction de mécanismes didentification et de différentiation, fondamentaux pour la structuration de lidentité adolescente. Nous pensons que ce travail peut offrir des subsides pour un meilleur entendement des mécanismes en jeu dans la construction de lidentité adolescente, permettant une meilleure compréhension de la nécessité grégaire des jeunes, tout en minimisant ainsi la représentation négative des Tribus Urbaines dadolescents
13
Bell, Cherie Lynn. "The contribution of narcissism and peer rejection to the psychological internalization process of the classroom avenger". View full text, 2003.
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Drummond, Jason A. "The relation between playing violent single and multiplayer video games and adolescents' aggression, social competence, and academic adjustment". Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1236354262.
Testo completo
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Farr, William John. "Tangible user interfaces and social interaction in children with autism". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2011. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/6962/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Tangible User Interfaces (TUIs) offer the potential for new modes of social interaction for children with Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC). Familiar objects that are embedded with digital technology may help children with autism understand the actions of others by providing feedback that is logical and predictable. Objects that move, playback sound or create sound – thus repeating programmed effects – offer an exciting way for children to investigate objects and their effects. This thesis presents three studies of children with autism interacting with objects augmented with digital technology. Study one looked at Topobo, a construction toy augmented with kinetic memory. Children played with Topobo in groups of three of either Typically Developing (TD) or ASC children. The children were given a construction task, and were also allowed to play with the construction sets with no task. Topobo in the task condition showed an overall significant effect for more onlooker, cooperative, parallel, and less solitary behaviour. For ASC children significantly less solitary and more parallel behaviour was recorded than other play states. In study two, an Augmented Knights Castle (AKC) playset was presented to children with ASC. The task condition was extended to allow children to configure the playset with sound. A significant effect in a small sample was found for configuration of the AKC, leading to less solitary behaviour, and more cooperative behaviour. Compared to non-digital play, the AKC showed reduction of solitary behaviour because of augmentation. Qualitative analysis showed further differences in learning phase, user content, behaviour oriented to other children, and system responsiveness. Tangible musical blocks (‘d-touch') in study three focused on the task. TD and ASC children were presented with a guided/non-guided task in pairs, to isolate effects of augmentation. Significant effects were found for an increase in cooperative symbolic play in the guided condition, and more solitary functional play was found in the unguided condition. Qualitative analysis highlighted differences in understanding blocks and block representation, exploratory and expressive play, understanding of shared space and understanding of the system. These studies suggest that the structure of the task conducted with TUIs may be an important factor for children's use. When the task is undefined, play tends to lose structure and the benefits of TUIs decline. Tangible technology needs to be used in an appropriately structured manner with close coupling (the distance between digital housing and digital effect), and works best when objects are presented in familiar form.
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Hamelin, Héloïse. "Perturbation des processus décisionnels : mise en évidence de vulnérabilités à la consommation de sucre ou d'édulcorants chez la souris". Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASL024.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
La prise de décision est un processus cognitif adaptatif essentiel à la survie. Effectuer des choix adaptés repose sur l’intégration de plusieurs processus mentaux aboutissant à choisir l’option la plus efficace. Les choix sont motivés par des récompenses primaires, telles que la nourriture ou la reproduction ; ou indirectement liées à la survie ; l’exploration de la nouveauté (l’argent, le jeu…). Des décisions adaptées à long terme, dans un environnement dynamique, nécessitent de développer une flexibilité comportementale, apprendre et évaluer les situations de choix et leurs résultats afin de les anticiper dans le futur. Ces décisions, normales ou pathologiques, sont construites et fortement modulées au cours de la vie grâce à l’activité du système de la récompense. Ces travaux de thèse questionnent l’impact de perturbations non pathologique du système de la récompense sur les processus décisionnels et leurs substrats neuronaux et neurochimiques. Nous avons étudié les effets d’une consommation continue à faible dose de sucrose et d’édulcorants, chez la souris adulte et adolescente, mode de consommation proche de l’usage humain. Pour cela, nous avons employé différents paradigmes comportementaux classiquement utilisés au laboratoire : le Mouse Gambling Task (MGT), et le Social Interaction Task (SIT), qui placent, respectivement, l’individu dans un contexte de recherche alimentaire ou d’interaction avec un congénère de même sexe, nécessitant la planification et l’adaptation des actions. Nous nous sommes également intéressés à l’étude de la variabilité individuelle de la réponse comportementale afin de déterminer si certains individus sont plus susceptibles de développer des troubles comportementaux que d’autres. Mes résultats révèlent qu’une perturbation du système de la récompense par la consommation prolongée de sucre ou d’édulcorants altère les comportements décisionnels, que la récompense obtenue soit alimentaire ou sociale. Ces altérations comportementales s’accompagnent de remaniements de l’activité neuronale et de la neurochimie, notamment dopaminergique dans le cortex préfrontal et le striatum, largement impliqués dans l’évaluation de la récompense, l’apprentissage et flexibilité comportementale. Les consommations de substances au goût sucré durant l’adolescence amplifient les modifications neurochimiques observées chez l’adulte, entrainant de surcroit des modifications sérotoninergiques.Enfin, nous avons identifié des marqueurs de vulnérabilité que ces consommations précoces ou tardive permettent de révéler : suivant les produits consommés, entre 55 et 65% des individus présentent des profils décisionnels extrêmes contre 45% chez les souris ne consommant que de l’eau. La rigidité comportementale est en outre très marquée chez les souris consommant des édulcorants alors que celles consommant du sucre sont plus indécises et accentuent leur prise de risque. Ainsi, ces résultats montrent qu’une perturbation du système de la récompense par la consommation prolongée de substances sucrées ou édulcorées, suffit à entrainer des altérations comportementales et cérébrales importantes, de l’activité neuronale et de la neurochimie, indépendamment d’altérations métaboliques. Ces altérations, pointant sur des vulnérabilités et résistances individuelles sont des pistes nouvelles de marqueurs de vulnérabilité à développer des troubles comportementauxDecision making is a cognitive and adaptative process essential to survival. Adapted choices relie on several mental processes integration which lead to choose the most efficient option. Choices are driven by primary rewards, such as food or reproduction, or by secondary rewards, indirectly related to survival, such as novelty exploration. In a dynamic environment, long term adapted decisions require the development of behavioral flexibility, learning and evaluation of choices and their consequences in order to better anticipate them in the future. This Ph.D. work aimed to assess non pathological impacts on decision process, neural substrate and neurochemistry, of reward system perturbation. We have studied, in adult and adolescent mice, a continuous consumption of low doses of sucrose and sweeteners. For this purpose, we have used different behavioral paradigms classically used in the lab : the Mouse Gambling Task (MGT) and the Social Interaction Task (SIT) which place respectively the mouse in a food seeking context or a contexte of interaction with a same-sex congener, asking planification, and flexible adaptation of actions. Individual variability of behavioral responses was studied to determine if some individuals are more vulnerable than others to develop behavioral disorders. My results show that reward system perturbations by long term sweet or sweeteners consumption affect decision behavior, whatever the reward, food or social interaction. These behavioral alterations come with neuronal activity and neurochemistry modifications, especially concerning dopamine levels and turn over, in the prefrontal cortex, and the striatum structures markedly involved in reward evaluation, learning and behavioral flexibility. Sweet, and sweeteners consumptions that start from adolescence amplified neurochemical modifications observed after adult consumption, leading to additional serotoninergic modifications.Finally, early or late consumption revealed vulnerability markers : according to the consumed products, between 55 and 65% of mice display extreme decision profiles as compared to only 45% of mice that consummed plain water. Mice which consumed sweeteners showed significantly more pronounced behavioral rigidity while those consumming sucrose were more hesitant and emphasized risk taking. My results show that reward system perturbation by extended sweet, or sweeteners consumption is sufficient to cause high behavioral, and cerebral altérations, independently of any metabolic adjustement. These alterations, pointing to individual vulnerability, and resilience, are new clues for unraveling vulnerability markers to develop behavioral disorders
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Lister, Kelly M. "Aggression and prosocial behavior in adolescents' Internet and face-to-face interactions". Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1194123016.
Testo completo
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Moore, Jen Lynne. "Finding the Beat: How Young Girls Create Self Through Music". PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1668.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This Master's thesis examines girls' self-esteem through a qualitative research project held in the summer of 2010 at Portland, Oregon's Rock 'n' Roll Camp for Girls. I interviewed ten white, middle class girls between the ages of ten and thirteen on various subjects including demographics, self-esteem, music, Rock 'n' Roll Camp for Girls and finally, experiences and pressures associated with being a girl. One key finding was the unique set of circumstances and experiences present which may foster higher self-esteem: 1) freedom from gender normative behavior; 2) skill mastery associated with learning an instrument; 3) support for a wider range of self-expression; 4) removal of the male gaze and male approval [in a female only space]; and 5) access to female role models. This thesis suggests that through their involvement with the Rock 'n' Roll Camp for Girls, these ten girls experience greater self-esteem.
19
Eldridge, Connie. "Developing Social Interest in Juvenile Delinquents". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1989. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331687/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Male youths ages 13-18 incarcerated at two minimum security detention facilities participated in a program to determine if Alfred Adler's concept of social interest could be developed through group interactions led by non-professionals.
The youths answered a self-report attitudinal scale, the Sulliman Scale of Social Interest and were rated by their classroom teachers on the Behavior Dimensions Rating Scale as pre-test measures. Volunteers from a liberal arts college sociology classes were randomly assigned to work in male-female pairs over a ten week period of time with the experimental population. These pairs led their constant group of incarcerated youths in ninety minute discussion sessions once per week for the duration of the program. Structured human relations exercises specifically designed to encourage elements of social interest; belonging, cooperation, and significance were assigned for each of the sessions. At the end of ten weeks, the youths in the experimental groups and the control population were tested again on the two scales.
The results of Pearson Product Moment Correlations Test indicated no relationship between attitude and behavior for either the experimental or control groups on the pre-test and the post-test.
A Mann Whitney U t-test indicated a highly significant increase in the social interest of the experimental group at the end of the program. While the control group showed no change over the course of the ten weeks, those who participated in the developmental groups increased their scores on the Sulliman Scale of Social Interest by an average of 12 points. Another Mann Whitney U t-test indicated that there was no difference between the social interest of Caucasian and non-Caucasian youths.
20
Fairley, Shakesha (Shai). "Associations Between Adolescent Perceptions of Parental Interactions and Adolescent Sexual Behaviors". ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2814.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Sexual risk behaviors among U.S. adolescents is a major public health concern. Adolescents are contracting sexually transmitted diseases at alarming rates. The purpose of this research was to identify factors related to parent-child interactions that influence adolescent sexual behaviors. A combination of attachment theory and family systems theory was used to help explain how adolescent sexual choices (age of sexual debut, use of birth control, use of condoms, multiple sex partners in a 12-month period) are affected by the perceived quality of parent-child interactions (maternal/parental closeness, monitoring, communication, and involvement). Archival data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics National Longitudinal Survey of Child and Young Adult cohort 1979 (NLSY79) was used for this research. A sample of 11,504 adolescents aged 12 to 19 years, and their biological mothers who participated in the longitudinal survey, was drawn. Nonparametric analyses revealed significant differences in adolescent perceptions of maternal and paternal closeness and maternal perceptions of maternal and paternal closeness. Logistic regression analyses revealed that adolescents' perceptions of parental engagement (maternal and paternal closeness, monitoring, communication, and involvement) significantly affected their sexual choices (age of sexual debut, use of birth control, condoms, and multiple partners). The results of this study can be used to initiate positive social change by informing parents, program developers, and researchers. Developing strategies to guide parents and adolescents to develop positive perceptions of the interactions, closing the gap between adolescent and parental perceptions of interactions, will help reduce adolescent risky sexual behaviors, thereby benefiting the individuals, families, and the community.
21
Austin, Wendy Joan. "The lived experience of adolescent love". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq22944.pdf.
Testo completo
22
Dawson, Anne Elsbeth. "Exploring Technology-Mediated Social Interactions among Adolescents with ADHD". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1534265933110574.
Testo completo
23
Craig, Stephen E. "A Structural Equation Model of Contributing Factors to Adolescent Social Interest". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2213/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The focus of the present study was to test through SEM the relationships between family influences (FI) and school influences (SI) on factors hypothesized to be associated with adolescent social interest: school belonging (SB), extracurricular participation (EP), and peer/romantic involvement (PRI). The final model consisted of FI and SI that contributed to the expression of adolescent social interest. FI included parental communication and parental caring. SI consisted of teacher fairness. SB consisted of a child's self-reported feelings of belonging at school, EP included self-reported involvement in sports or academic clubs, and PRI consisted of self-reported desire for romantic involvement or desire for participation with others. The proposed model suggested that FI contributed significantly to self-reported SB, EP, and PRI. Additionally, it was hypothesized that SI would contribute significantly to SB and EP, but not to PRI. The data used in the current study were part of an existing data set collected as part of the National Longitudinal Study on Adolescent Health. The total sample size for the present study was 2,561 male and female adolescents aged 12-19 years. The data consisted of adolescent and parent self-report information. Results suggested a significant relationship between FI and self-reported SB and PRI. As expected, a significant relationship existed between SI and SB. Also as expected, no significant relationship existed between SI and PRI. Neither the relationship between FI and EP nor SI and EP were significant. When analyzed separately, a significant relationship existed between SB and PRI; however, no significant relationship was found between SB and EP. Results also indicated several of the fit indices, including the average off-diagonal absolute standardized residual, the comparative fit index (CFI), and the Bentler-Bonett non-normed fit index (BBNFI), were a low to moderate fit. However, the final model was highly skewed and the model chi-square and chi-square were both exceptionally high, indicating the model appeared to moderately fit the data, but the need for further refinement is clear.
24
Widdicombe, Susan Mary. "Adolescent groups and subcultures : a social psychological analysis". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.253299.
Testo completo
25
Dolenszky, Eva. "Children's and adolescents' internal working models of peer interaction". Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33280.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The present study examined whether children and adolescents develop mental models of peer relations that reflect observed gender differences in size and in density of friendship structures. A total of 278 children and adolescents, ranging from preschool level to CEGEP, participated in the study. Participants were given a questionnaire, consisting of schematic drawings of different forms of peer interactions, to assess their ideas about how friendships are organized for children of their age. Results indicated that both female and male participants at all grade levels judged typical boys to have a greater preference for group than dyadic interactions than did typical girls. Typical girls, however, were not judged to have preference for either dyadic or group interactions. Results also indicated that both female and male participants at all grades judged that the probability of mutual friends also being friends as higher for typical boys than for typical girls. Overall, the findings from the present study demonstrated that children and adolescents of both genders possess internal working models of peer interactions, beginning in early childhood, that are gender differentiated in a way that reflects patterns of behaviour.
26
Flaherty, Curt Patrick. "Hanging out : providing environments for the adolescent". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23212.
Testo completo
27
Piehler, Timothy Farr. "Dyadic regulation and deviant contagion in adolescent friendships : interaction patterns associated with problematic substance use /". Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank) Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/8584.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2008.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 77-83). Also available online in Scholars' Bank; and in ProQuest, free to University of Oregon users.
28
Weiss, Virginia. "Effect of Social Peers on Risky Decision Making in Male Sprague Dawley Rats". UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/psychology_etds/78.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Adolescence is a time associated with increased risk taking and peer relations. Research has shown that adolescents are more vulnerable to peer pressure compared to adults, leading to exacerbated risk taking. Preclinical research suggests that these findings may also be applicable to adolescent rodents, which find social interaction rewarding and are prone to risky behavior. There is, however, little research on the effect of social interaction on rodent models of risky decision-making. This thesis utilized social chambers, which consisted of adjacent operant chambers separated by wire mesh. Adolescent rats performed a risky decision-making task in which they had a choice between a small and large reward (associated with a mild footshock, which increased in probability across the session). Experiment 1 determined if the presence of peer altered performance on the task after stability. Experiment 2 determined if the presence of a peer altered performance on the task during acquisition. Results of Experiment 1 revealed no significant changes. Results from Experiment 2 revealed a significant increase in preference for the risky reward in the group of rats that had daily exposure to a social peer. These results provide evidence that social influence on risk taking can be modeled in rodents.
29
Pickard, Jennifer. "Contextual variability in early adolescents' state masculinity, femininity and peer interaction goals". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2003. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2993.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2003.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 123 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 64-71).
30
Botting-Hammack, Cheryl Marie. "The Impact of Peer-Mediated Video Modeling on Social Interactions of Adolescent Males Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder". ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7602.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Individuals with ASD demonstrate deficits in social communication and social interaction. Video modeling (VM) has been successful in teaching new skills through short, targeted videos. Prior research in VM heavily focused on academic settings with primary age children. There is a gap in the literature on teaching social skills in natural settings to adolescents with ASD. The current research used a single- subject, multiple-baseline design to examine the impact of VM on the social behaviors of adolescent males, diagnosed with ASD, in natural social settings. The data were acquired from a developmental disability agency licensed and authorized by the Idaho Department of Health and Welfare. Data were collected during VM sessions conducted with adolescent boys diagnosed with ASD and participating in Developmental Disability Services with a licensed Disability Agency in western Idaho. These data used visual analysis, percentage of nonoverlapping data points, and effect sizes to identify significance in final outcomes. The study measured the acceptability and satisfaction of the intervention of providers and participants through a modified version of the Behavior Intervention Rating Scale and the Children’s Intervention Rating Profile. Results revealed large effects for the adolescent participants when interacting socially in community settings. Outcomes indicated the treatment to be socially acceptable by adolescents and by habilitative intervention professionals.
31
Cao, Jasmine. "Parental Involvement and Adolescent Depression: An Application of the Social Stress Model". Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1243879505.
Testo completo
32
Toner, Mark A. "Early adolescent peer-social attributional style and socio-emotional adjustment a prospective analysis /". Access electronically, 2005. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20050812.150839/index.html.
Testo completo
33
Lamanna, John. "The Effects of Attachment Relationships on the Development of Effects of Empathy or Depersonalization in Adolescence". TopSCHOLAR®, 2007. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/26.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Research on attachment theory supports the notion that our early attachment relationships are integral to empathic development, and that early negative attachment relationships can promote depersonalization rather than empathy. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of separations from one’s primary caregiver(s) on the development of empathy or depersonalization in adolescence. Adolescents who have been separated from their biological parent(s) due to abuse and/or neglect were expected to differ on self-reported levels of empathy, dissociation, hostility, and depression when compared to adolescents who have not had such involuntary separations in their life. After performing descriptive, correlational, and inferential analyses, results indicated that there was not a significant difference between the groups on self-reported levels of empathy, dissociation, hostility, or depressive symptomatology. It is important to note, though, that more than half of the youth who were involuntarily separated from their biological parent(s) continued to view at least one of their parents as a positive attachment figure, and there was not a significant difference between groups on the number of positive attachments reported. The findings in this study were interpreted as supportive of the applications of attachment theory to past empathy research, since differences on the dependent variables were not expected if there were not differences in attachment between the two groups. The results also supported the seminal work of John Bowlby by affirming the role of perception and the cognitive appraisal of attachment figures on attachment security. Furthermore, the results validated the use of the Social Networks Questionnaire (SNQ) and supported its use, in conjunction with the Social Support Questionnaire-Short Form (SSQ6), to assess attachment relationships.
34
Cloutier, Renee. "Modeling Marijuana Use Willingness and Problems as a Function of Social Rejection and Social Anxiety". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1505189/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Marijuana is the second most commonly used substance in the US. A growing literature suggests that socially anxious individuals use marijuana to manage their symptoms in social situations, which may explain why they are also more likely to experience problems. Unfortunately, the majority of the literature is based on research conducted with adult samples or the co-occurrence of diagnoses in adolescent samples. The proposed study sought to test the link between social anxiety (SA) and proxies for ‘real-time' marijuana use behaviors (i.e., use willingness) as well as use-related problems among adolescents. Participants were 69 adolescents (15-17; 55% female) recruited from the community reporting any lifetime marijuana use. Participants were randomly assigned to a novel social rejection or neutral laboratory task and completed measures of SA, marijuana use frequency, and related problems. Consistent with adult findings, main effects of SA and experimental condition on marijuana use willingness were expected to be qualified by an interaction in which the greatest marijuana use willingness would occur among high SA youth post-rejection (H1), SA would be positively related to marijuana use problems (H2), and among adolescents in the rejection condition, marijuana use willingness would be positively correlated with use problems (H3). Only H2 was supported, highlighting areas of convergence and divergence in the role of SA and social stress on marijuana outcomes. These data stand to improve the scientific knowledge on the relative roles of SA and social stress on marijuana use within an understudied, high-risk population and help inform future intervention efforts.
35
Townsend, Katharine Clark. "Late adolescent psychological adjustment : roles of individuation, sex, social connectedness, and ambivalence over emotional expression /". view abstract or download file of text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3102193.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2003.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 191-208). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
36
Grime, Rebecca L. "Social perspective-taking, intimate friendship, and the adolescent transition to mutualistic moral judgment". Connect to resource, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1118932168.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Ohio State University, 2005.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 73 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-73). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
37
Simmons, Emily H. "The Relationship Between Adolescent Depression and Social Skills in Young Adulthood". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/392.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study investigated the relationships between a history of adolescent depression and social skills in young adulthood. Participants between the ages of 22 and 30 reported past and present experiences with depression and completed assessments of three aspects of social skills: emotional understanding, strength of social relationships, and interpersonal competence. Results indicated an association between current depression and social skills deficits but no main effect of adolescent depression on overall social skills. However, greater emotional understanding was associated with a history of adolescent depression. An earlier age of onset predicted stronger social relationships while length of depressive episode and time since episode showed no significant relationships with social skills. Male participants showed significantly weaker social skills than female participants overall and within depressed participants. Together, these findings suggest that past depression plays a limited role in social skills after recovery and point towards further research on the specific role of emotional understanding during and after depression.
38
Yang, TienYu Owen. "The social environment of asthma management in early adolescence". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ee6e9881-f85a-4e57-b046-f56aa53a28b3.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
For adolescents with asthma, adhering to asthma regimes implies not only taking medications to relieve asthma attacks, but also adjusting their life styles in order to prevent asthma attacks. These life style modifications, such as avoiding allergens or having to limit physical activity, sometimes force adolescents to compromise their social life. On the other hand, the impact of such life style modifications on their social life may in turn force adolescents to give up adhering to asthma regimes. Indeed, adolescents are learning to be more independent while they enjoy a more complicated social life at home and at school than previously, and this rapid social development may thus be a great life challenge to adolescents with asthma. This thesis reports four studies which investigated the relationship between multi-dimensional asthma management (in medication and life style regimes) and the social life of young people with asthma at the transitional age from childhood to adolescence (or early adolescence, age 9-14), which also marks the transition from primary school to secondary school. In line with the literature on other adolescent chronic illnesses, study 1 demonstrated a downward trend of multi-dimensional asthma management in early adolescence. This developmental change was further investigated in study 2, 3 and 4, in which theories in behavioural psychology were followed to emphasise human behaviour influenced by the social activities and social relationships in the living environment, or the social environment. This was supplemented by theories in developmental psychology to identify relevant aspects of the social environment in early adolescence, especially the social relationships with parents, school staff and peers. Using quantitative and qualitative approaches, the studies not only supported the direct influence of asthma-specific social support, but also explored some mechanisms with which social relationships influenced asthma management in a more subtle and context-dependent way. By approaching asthma management behaviour with theories from behavioural and developmental psychology, it is also hoped that this thesis could be an example that shows the importance of recognising and to understanding the social life of young adolescents when adolescent behaviour is concerned.
39
Esparza, Annabelle Lucia Sandoval. "The relationship between self-esteem and glycemic control in 13-17 year old adolescent girls with type 1 diabetes mellitus". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2739.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The purpose of this study was to explore the psychosocial phenomena of self-esteem in relation to gucose control in diabetic adolescent girls living in the Inland Empire. Three central themes emerged: body image, peer acceptance, and stress.
40
Naidu, Narainsamy. "Impact of social relation on the self actualization of the adolescent". Thesis, University of Zululand, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1157.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Education in the Department of Educational Psychology at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 2007.This study is on the impact of copyright law on the provision of information by libraries with special reference to computerized databases. For the purposes of this study, four hypotheses were set, being: the appropriateness of copyright law; the restriction on access to information; author's remuneration for his work; and the interpretation of the law of copyright. A literature review was done on the origin and development of copyright, from the ancient cultures through the Middle Ages and the invention of the printing period to the enactment of the first copyright law in history (the Statute of Anne) which is the fundamental basis of the modern copyright as a legal protection for an author, artist or composer that restricts any form of reproduction. In general, copyright law grants the autln,r an exclusive right to his works and also grants the pucil J the right to use intellectual works within th^ limits of the doctrine of 'fair use* that would not cripple the economic conditions of the author. In chapter three, it is indicated that recent developments in computer technology, telecommunications technology and reprography have made it possible for information to be easily and cheaply copied and transmitted over distances (transborder data flow) for the use of many users. Such indiscriminate access withholds from the copyright holder legitimate royalties for his work and the protection by legal copyright. To restrict such access on the other hand, inhibits the use of the work which is also contrary to the interests of the author and to the intent of copyright law. Libraries are a primary source of disseminated information and as such are required to observe the legal conventions of the country. With the recent developments of a wide range of technological advancements in information transfer, and an increased demand for information sharing, it is becoming increasingly difficult and in some cases impossible for libraries to fully uphold and enforce the provisions of the copyright law. Nowadays, intellectual property has become a tradeable commodity and the recent problem is one of economic threat brought about by changing technology. Librarians depend upon the originality and products of authors and publishers in the provision of information services to users and must therefore observe the copyright law to give incentive to those with the ability to write. The results of this study confirm the hypotheses that copyright law is not appropriate in the reproduction of all forms of copyrighted material from computerized databases; that copyright law restricts the free access to information; that authors have the right to expect remuneration for their works; and that the interpretation of copyright law is a problem and therefore confusing to libraries.
41
Hellenthal, Rebecca L. "The separate and combined effects of mother, father, and peer attachment on young adolescents' social, behavioral, and emotional adjustment". Ohio : Ohio University, 2006. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1149616245.
Testo completo
42
MacLeod, Jessica S. "The Everyday Lives of Adolescent Girls with Epilepsy: A Qualitative Description". Thesis, Connect to resource online, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/1994.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, 2009.Title from screen (viewed on November 4, 2009). School of Nursing, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI). Advisor(s): Sharon Sims, Carrie Foote, Joan Austin, Melinda Swenson. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 104-110).
43
Frederick, Garnett Noel. "Comparison of two mentoring programs for at-risk black adolescents : a traditional one-to-one mentoring program and a school-to-work transitional program". FIU Digital Commons, 2001. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3613.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The purposes of this study were: (a) to compare the impact of One-to-One (OTO) mentoring interventions administered in the high school setting, and the workplace of the students who participated in the School-to-Work (STW) transitional program, and (b) to identify how the participants perceived their experience in the OTO mentoring program and the STW transitional program. A qualitative approach was used to identify how participants perceived their mentoring experiences with the STW and OTO mentoring programs by utilizing focus groups and content analysis. A quantitative approach was used to compare the statistical differences of outcomes between the STW and OTO mentoring programs, by utilizing descriptive statistics, independent samples Wests, chi- square analyses, and logistic regression. The sample was limited to participants in the STW and OTO mentoring programs resulting in 21 participants for the qualitative approach and 114 participants for the quantitative approach.
Results from the qualitative approach indicated that focus group participants in the STW program were satisfied with the program and the relationship with their mentors. They also suggested that the STW program be lengthened to include the entire academic year. Participants from the OTO focus group were dissatisfied with their program due to inadequate mentor involvement. Results from the quantitative approach showed that the increase in school attendance for the STW program’s at-risk Black male youth was statistically significant compared to the OTO program participants; the STW program participants displayed a better outlook for attending college that was statistically significant compared to those in the OTO program; and the OTO program participants displayed a better outlook for permanent employment compared to those in the STW program.
Therefore, this study finds that mentoring can contribute to reducing school absences and high school completion in order for at-risk Black adolescents to attend college. It is recommended that the OTO program be restructured to eliminate the disparity that exists regarding the administration of the STW program and the OTO program.
44
Levin, Toby R. "The Influence of Religion on Attitudes toward Alcohol Use in Jewish Adolescents". ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/481.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Historically, the Jewish faith has used alcohol in rituals and religious holidays in which adolescents are permitted to fully participate and this exposure to alcohol may influence attitudes and beliefs about underage drinking among Jewish adolescents. The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a relationship between the Jewish religion and attitudes toward alcohol among Jewish adolescents. The theoretical frameworks, on which this study was based, were the social bond theory and the social development theory. Each of these theories indicates that community is important to the individual. Using a cross sectional study design, 160 adolescents participated in a survey that was administered by paper during a free period or lunchtime. ANOVA and linear regression were used to determine if there was a relationship between religion, gender, age, and attitudes toward alcohol. According to study findings, there was no significant relationship between religious affiliation or religious service attendance and attitudes towards the use of alcohol. However, there was a significant relationship between gender and attitudes against drinking and between age and the positive attitudes for drinking. These findings may spur positive social change at the community level. Yeshivas may review with Jewish adolescents the distinction between using alcohol for rituals/ceremonies and using alcohol socially, and the consequences of underage drinking. Future studies should include more participants in the different sects and denominations to get a more complete picture of the Jewish community.
45
Mavis, Beverly J. "Social Control and Self-Control Factors Associated with Interpersonal Violence in Adolescent Females". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278635/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Adolescent females are committing an increasing number of violent interpersonal acts. This study used the qualitative technique of focus group interviews to explore social control and self-control factors which impact such behaviors. Forty-seven girls aged 10-18 years described situations and events where interpersonal violence might be used and also what might prevent such acts. For the girls interviewed, social controls were the predominant means of controlling the use of interpersonal violence. Family and peer groups were the most powerful social controls, whether positive or negative. Self-control was deemed important but most girls lacked either the skills or desire to engage in self-control. Violence prevention programs need to teach techniques for improving self-control and increasing self-concept to be most effective.
46
Paulk, Amber L. Pittman Joe F. "Romantic relationship attachment and identity style as predictors of adolescent interpersonal competence a mediation model /". Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SUMMER/Human_Development_and_Family_Studies/Dissertation/Paulk_Amber_44.pdf.
Testo completo
47
Bommersbach, Marjorie Lynn. "Voice and self in adolescence: Exploring relationships among voice, self and friendship". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1830.
Testo completo
48
Riley, Tennisha N. "Adolescent Emotion Expression, Emotion Regulation, and Decision-Making in Social Context". VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5494.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Adolescents engage in risk behaviors at an alarming rate, and particularly when they are with peers. Despite efforts to develop prevention and intervention programs, rates of risk-taking among adolescents is still relatively high. Adolescents continue to engage in physical fights and aggressive behavior, use substances such as alcohol and illicit drugs, and make decisions that impact driving and motor vehicle incidents. The regulation of emotions plays a significant role in adolescents’ decisions to engage in such risk behaviors.Examining adolescents’ emotion expression and regulation is therefore critical to identifying ways to support positive development.
This dissertation project explored important regulatory mechanisms that underlie adolescents’ behavior in 108 adolescents, by examining synchrony between emotion expression and physiological arousal (change from baseline heart rate to tasking heart rate)during a risk-taking task. The study also assessed the extent to which the social context of peers shifts emotion expression and physiological arousal, and whether this is associated with adolescents’ behavioral and social outcomes, and if these associations vary by gender.
Study results suggest that the presence of a peer influences adolescents’ emotion expression. Specifically, adolescents showed greater expression of emotion when completing a risk-taking task in the presence of a peer, than when they completed the task alone. Additionally, adolescent girls are generally more expressive than their male counterparts and equally expressive alone and with a peer, but adolescent boys express more when they are with a peer than when they are alone. Synchrony between emotion expression and physiological arousal was not evident, however results of supplemental analyses suggest that physiological arousal (change from baseline heart rate to heart rate during the task)plays a moderating role in the association between emotion expression and social competence.
Findings from the proposed study may inform intervention and policy efforts to understand and promote positive development among adolescents. In particular, results may shift how adults understand and respond to adolescent behavior in social contexts such as classrooms.
49
Lilienfeld, Margaret. "The social interaction of an adolescent who uses augmentative and alternative communication the evaluation of a peer training programme /". Pretoria : [s.n.], 2002. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07212005-093438.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (D. Phil. Communication Pathology)--University of Pretoria, 2002.Summary in English and Afrikaans. Appendices are on a CD-ROM accompanying the print version of the thesis. Includes bibliographical references.
50
Roy, Fanie. "Le soutien social chez les mères adolescentes : précisions quant aux sources et types de soutien social et contribution du soutien social à l'attachement de l'enfant, en lien avec l'adaptation parentale et la sensibilité maternelle interactive". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23128.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Cette étude vise à tracer un portrait du soutien social des mères adolescentes et à vérifier comment certaines parties de ce réseau peuvent être en lien avec la sécurité d'attachement de l'enfant, en considérant la sensibilité et la dépression maternelle. Les dimensions du soutien examinées sont : les sources de soutien et d'interactions négatives, les types (émotionnel/instrumental) et la stabilité. Cent huit mères adolescentes ont complété une version modifiée du Questionnaire de Soutien Social (Sarason, Sarason, Shearin, & Pierce, 1987) et le Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (Radloff, 1977) lorsque leur enfant avait 6, 10 et 15 mois. Des visites à domicile ont permis d'évaluer la sensibilité (Q-sort de comportements maternels; Pederson & Moran, 1995) et la sécurité d'attachement (Q-sort d'attachement; Waters, 1995). Des analyses descriptives et des corrélations tétrachoriques ont été réalisées. Quatre principaux résultats ont été identifiés : 1) les sources fréquentes de soutien sont proximales : mère de l'adolescente, famille immédiate, partenaire et amis; 2) ces personnes offrent du soutien émotionnel et instrumental; 3) les interactions négatives surviennent principalement avec ces sources, mais celles avec le partenaire sont particulièrement marquées; 4) le soutien et les interactions négatives provenant de ces sources sont relativement stables entre 6 et 15 mois, sauf avec les amis. Des tests-t ont démontré que le soutien émotionnel et instrumental stable provenant de la mère de l'adolescente est positivement associé à la sécurité d'attachement et à la sensibilité. Toutefois, seul son soutien émotionnel stable est inversement associé à la dépression. Le soutien émotionnel et instrumental stable de la famille est associé positivement à la sensibilité. Enfin, la présence d'interactions négatives avec la mère de l'adolescente et les amis est liée à une augmentation de la dépression. Des régressions hiérarchiques ont permis de vérifier des hypothèses de médiation où les deux types de soutien de la mère de l'adolescente contribueraient à la sécurité d'attachement par le biais de la sensibilité. Aucune hypothèse n'a été concluante. Les effets du soutien et de la sensibilité semblent être indépendants pour prédire la sécurité d'attachement. La discussion porte sur la pertinence des résultats pour l'intervention auprès de dyades enfant-mères adolescentes.