Accedi

Bibliografie tematiche / AIDS testing / Tesi

Segui questo link per vedere altri tipi di pubblicazioni sul tema: AIDS testing.

Tesi sul tema "AIDS testing"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 1 febbraio 2022

Cita una fonte nei formati APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard e in molti altri stili

Scegli il tipo di fonte:

Vedi i top-50 saggi (tesi di laurea o di dottorato) per l'attività di ricerca sul tema "AIDS testing".

Accanto a ogni fonte nell'elenco di riferimenti c'è un pulsante "Aggiungi alla bibliografia". Premilo e genereremo automaticamente la citazione bibliografica dell'opera scelta nello stile citazionale di cui hai bisogno: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver ecc.

Puoi anche scaricare il testo completo della pubblicazione scientifica nel formato .pdf e leggere online l'abstract (il sommario) dell'opera se è presente nei metadati.

Vedi le tesi di molte aree scientifiche e compila una bibliografia corretta.

1

Go, Nhicole Ang. "The international outcome inventory for hearing aids : a translation into Filipino with normative data". Thesis, Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37991759.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

2

Maja, Lusanda Nobom. "Experiences and feelings of counsellors involved in HIV and AIDS voluntary counselling and testing". Pretoria : [s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11262008-142405.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

3

Sobhani, Stephen. "Race and HIV-testing attitudes in America's forgotten AIDS epidemic". CONNECT TO ELECTRONIC THESIS, 2007. http://dspace.wrlc.org/handle/1961/3960.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

4

Warren, Jessica. "Tanzania and AIDS the effect of HIV knowledge on testing /". Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2009. http://worldcat.org/oclc/449718793/viewonline.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

5

Walker, Lori J. "Components of the health belief model and HIV testing decisions /". Electronic version (PDF), 2004. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2004/walkerl/loriwalker.pdf.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

6

Nkomo, Faith Dineo. "HIV testing barriers pregnant women - a case study /". Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09232008-150105.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

7

Ho, Yuk-yi Ella. "Risk factors associated with HIV testing among Hong Kong young adults implications for blood safety /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B23295119.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

8

Fineide, Line Viktoria. "Global agenda-setting in multilateral AIDS governance : testing the Vanwesenbeeck model". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86472.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Globally as well as nationally, AIDS is politically contested. Since AIDS was first identified in 1981 there have been several responses to the pandemic, reflecting AIDS’ biomedical, political and social nature and implications. Although there are many ways to frame and approach AIDS, no single approach appears to be universally superior to any other, especially as these various approaches are essential for a comprehensive global response to the pandemic. However, these several responses can also represent contested constructs of how AIDS is inter-subjectively problematised based on different ontological understandings and epistemological preferences. The existence of such contested constructs suggests that multilateral AIDS governance is shaped by binaries and zero-sum games where the overall approach ought to be holistic. As such, some scholars claim that HIV is increasingly treated as something medical, and outside the context of overall development issues, sexual and reproductive health, human rights and structural violence. Recently, Vanwesenbeeck (2011) offered a simplified model of ‘high-road’ and ‘low-road’ solutions to the pandemic, problematising specifically the global policy/political response. Vanwesenbeeck’s model suggests that biomedical, vertically distributed and asexual high-road approaches are prioritised at the expense of the more community oriented, sexual and rights-based low-road approaches. This, Vanwesenbeeck argues, is because current ideas and norms of the market, moralism and medicalisation are more aligned with the de-contextual, de-sexual and quantifiable characteristics of high-road approaches. This study tests the analytical utility of Vanwesenbeeck’s model with a case study of the policy and political narratives emerging from the International AIDS Society’s nine International AIDS Conferences from 1996 until 2012. The research question this study investigates is thus: Can Vanwesenbeeck’s (2011) model of high-road and low-road solutions be identified in and illuminate the policy ideas, problem definitions and political binaries that play out in the discourse surrounding the biennial International AIDS Conferences between 1996 and 2012? This main research question is complemented by three sub-questions concerning 1) the strengths and limitations of Vanwesenbeeck’s model, 2) the general trends and developments in global AIDS policy/political responses during, before and after the biennial International AIDS Conferences and 3) the impact of the Global Financial Crisis on the global AIDS response. Applying a qualitative methodology, the study finds that Vanwesenbeeck’s model can both be identified in and elucidate the political discourses, policy implementations and binaries surrounding the International AIDS Conferences between 1996 and 2012, albeit not all. The analytical utility of Vanwesenbeeck’s model is limited by oversimplification of the highroad/ low-road binary and the exclusion of alternative ideas for high-road prioritisation, such as humanitarianism, securitisation/sensationalism and the neoliberal ideological link between medicalisation and the market, as well as negligence of the impact of the Global Financial Crisis.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Vigs is internasionaal sowel as nasionaal polities omstrede. Sedert Vigs die eerste keer in 1981 geïdentifiseer is, was daar al verskeie reaksies op die pandemie wat die biomediese, politieke en maatskaplike aard en implikasies van die siekte weerspieël. Hoewel daar verskillende maniere is om Vigs te beskou en te benader, blyk geen enkele benadering universeel superieur te wees nie, veral aangesien al hierdie verskillende benaderinge noodsaaklik is vir ’n omvattende globale reaksie op die pandemie. Tog kan hierdie verskillende reaksies ook as betwiste konstrukte beskou word van hoe Vigs intersubjektief op grond van verskillende ontologiese begrippe en epistemologiese voorkeure geproblematiseer word. Die bestaan van sulke betwiste konstrukte gee te kenne dat multilaterale Vigsbestuur deur binêre en nulsombenaderinge gekenmerk word, terwyl die algehele benadering veronderstel is om holisties te wees. Sommige vakkundiges beweer dan ook dat MIV al hoe meer as ’n mediese probleem hanteer word, buite die konteks van oorkoepelende ontwikkelingskwessies, seksuele en voortplantingsgesondheid, menseregte en strukturele geweld. Vanwesenbeeck (2011) het onlangs ’n vereenvoudigde model van sogenaamde ‘grootpad-’ en ‘smalpadoplossings’ vir die pandemie aan die hand gedoen wat spesifiek die algehele beleids-/politieke reaksie problematiseer. Vanwesenbeeck se model voer aan dat biomediese, vertikaal verspreide en aseksuele grootpadbenaderinge dikwels ten koste van die meer gemeenskapsgerigte, seksuele en regtegebaseerde smalpadbenaderinge gekies word. Dít, reken Vanwesenbeeck, is omdat huidige denke en norme met betrekking tot die mark, moraliteit en medikalisasie eerder met die kontekslose, geslaglose en kwantifiseerbare kenmerke van grootpadbenaderinge strook. Hierdie studie het die analitiese nut van Vanwesenbeeck se model getoets met behulp van ’n gevallestudie van die beleids- en politieke narratiewe uit die Internasionale Vigsvereniging se nege internasionale vigskonferensies vanaf 1996 tot 2012. Die navorsingsvraag van hierdie studie was dus: Kan Vanwesenbeeck (2011) se model van grootpaden smalpadoplossings geïdentifiseer word in, en lig werp op, die beleidsidees, probleemomskrywings en politieke teenpole wat uit die diskoers by die tweejaarlikse internasionale vigskonferensies vanaf 1996 tot 2012 gespruit het? Hierdie hoofnavorsingsvraag is aangevul deur drie verdere vrae oor (i) die sterkpunte en beperkinge van Vanwesenbeeck se model, (ii) die algemene tendense en ontwikkelings in wêreldwye beleids-/politieke reaksies op Vigs gedurende, voor en na die tweejaarlikse internasionale Vigskonferensies, en (iii) die impak van die wêreldwye finansiële krisis op die wêreldwye Vigsreaksie. Met behulp van ’n kwalitatiewe metodologie het hierdie studie bevind dat Vanwesenbeeck se model wél geïdentifiseer kan word in, en lig werp op, sommige van die politieke diskoerse, beleidsinwerkingstelling en teenpole waartoe die internasionale vigskonferensies tussen 1996 en 2012 gelei het. Die analitiese nut van Vanwesenbeeck se model word egter beperk deur die oorvereenvoudiging van die grootpad-/smalpad-teenpole en die uitsluiting van alternatiewe idees oor die prioritisering van grootpadoplossings, soos filantropie, sekuritasie/sensasionalisme en die neoliberale ideologiese verband tussen medikalisasie en die mark, sowel as die verontagsaming van die impak van die wêreldwye finansiële krisis.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

9

Maama, Lineo Bernadette. "Factors affecting AIDS orphans' from accessing voluntary counselling and testing (VCT)". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1046.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

The study seeks to explore and identify factors that prevent AIDS orphans in presenting themselves for Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT). Socio-cultural factors, notably, stigma and the resultant discrimination by community members, have been presented by many researchers as the main aetiological factors that hinder the use of VCT by AIDS orphans. It is on the basis of this that this study was conducted to identify factors that hinder AIDS orphans from accessing VCT. The study used a qualitative approach following an explorative and descriptive, contextual research design and was conducted at Ubuntu Education Fund, Port Elizabeth. Purposive sampling was used to determine a sample of AIDS orphans. Participants of the study had to be orphaned as a result of AIDS, isiXhosa-speaking, between 12-17 years, living in the care of a primary care-giver and had not presented themselves for VCT. Data was collected by means of semi-structured interviews. Semi-structured interviews are suitable in cases where the researcher is interested in an issue that is complex or personal (De Vos, Strydom, Fouche and Deloport, 2005). Data was analyzed according to the framework provided by Tesch (1990) as described in Creswell (2003). The major findings of this study were that people are locked in a ‘poverty-of-the mind cycle’, in respect of HIV and AIDS, and this is exacerbated by educational impoverishment and general poverty. The recommendations that emanated from this study are made from policy and service delivery perspectives. It is recommended that in order for AIDS orphans to access VCT they should be developed and empowered through sustainable programmes that enhance their capacities to the outmost realization of their potential. It is also recommended that health and other professionals should encourage AIDS orphans and community members to present themselves for VCT and thus curb the spread of HIV and AIDS.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

10

More, Pontsho Elizabeth. "The importance of voluntary counselling and confidential testing for HIV in the workplace /". Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/746.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

11

Nyotta, Phyllis Catherine. "The Impact of Stigma on HIV/AIDS Testing Among Kenyan Diaspora women". ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4469.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Researchers have considered HIV/AIDS in Kenya as the largest HIV pandemic in the world, with about 6.3 million individuals living with the disease as of 2013. About 25% of new HIV patients are adult women, aged 15 to 24 years old. Guided by the health belief model (HBM), the purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional survey research study was to explore the influence of various dimensions of HIV/AIDS stigma (public, self, enacted, and structural) on the uptake of HIV testing among Kenyan Diaspora women in United States. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to test if there was a correlation between HIV/AIDS stigma and the uptake of HIV testing on Kenyan Diaspora women. Preliminary analyses showed the relationships were approximately linear with the residuals normally distributed, as assessed by skewness and kurtosis statistics, and there were no outliers. The results for these four research questions were not significant. The results of the study indicated that perceived levels of stigma among Kenyan Diaspora women living with HIV/AIDS did not correlate with differing levels of uptake for testing and treatment. This study promoted positive social change through encouraging HIV testing by raising awareness and understanding about HIV/AIDS, especially during the early stages of the disease. Thus, promoting positive social change in encouraging Kenyan Diaspora women to engage in HIV testing to ensure they were safe for sexual encounters or to breastfeed their children. Similar studies could carry out research to examine the influence of factors other than stigma on uptake of testing and treatment for those living with HIV/AIDS.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

12

Lamohr, Clive. "Perceptions and attitudes of employees toward voluntary HIV/AIDS testing: a South African case study". Thesis, University of Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_8115_1184927881.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

The devastation caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus/ Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is having a major impact on both the social and economic environment in South Africa. HIV/AIDS hits at the core of the businesses structure - the bottom line. In the absence of a cure for the disease or an effective vaccine, the challenge for all the stakeholders is how to successfully contain and limit the impact of the disease. Intervention programmes such as awareness, knowledge sharing and sero-prevailance testing have the potential to limit HIV/AIDS infections and reduce high-risk behaviours. Whilst education and awareness programmes have been relatively successful in highlighting the dangers of HIV infection, perception, attitudes and behaviours of employees towards HIV/AIDS have dampened voluntary HIV screening initiatives. Many South African organisations have commendable HIV/AIDS education and awareness programmes, however, a concerning fact is that employees are reluctant to avail themselves to voluntary HIV/AIDS testing. Stigmatising attitudes toward persons living with HIV/AIDS may reduce people&rsquo
s willingness to have themselves tested for the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). This may increase the risk of transmission. It may also lead to increased absenteeism in the workplace, and workdays lost resulting from excessive sick.

The aim of the study was to establish what the perceptions and attitudes are of employees at different levels of the organisation with regard to HIV/AIDS testing. A further aim was to identify possible reasons for the poor employee response to voluntary HIV/AIDS testing. It was thus important for this research to gauge employee knowledge, attitude and behaviour toward HIV/AIDS in order for organisations to develop strategies for effective HIV/AIDS counselling and testing programmes.

The data for this study was collected by means of a self report questionnaire. The questionnaire was administered to a sample of employees across all levels of the organisation using the convenient sample approach to identify the respondents. Two hundred and forty six (246) out of a total of 600 questionnaires distributed were returned, making the response rate a credible 41%.
The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was used to analyse the data obtained from the questionnaire. Both inferential and descriptive statistical approaches were used to analyse the data. The Analyses Of Variance (ANOVA) was used to determine whether differences exist in the perceptions and attitudes of employees at different levels and groupings in the organisation. Additionally post hoc tests (i.e. the Scheffe test) were applied to all comparisons of means after the analysis of variance.

The findings of this research are important for the role of HIV/AIDS testing and awareness/preventions strategies implemented in South Africa. It provides more insight as to why employees resist HIV/AIDS testing. It can furthermore assist organisations in developing strategies for implementing effective HIV/AIDS awareness and/or prevention programmes. More specifically, the findings identified ways in which organisations can redesign their intervention programmes so as to encourage a greater number of employees to submit to voluntary HIV/AIDS testing.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

13

Johns, Ashley. "Determinants of HIV Testing in East African Communities in Toronto". Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/2796.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Background. Previous evidence suggests that persons who have emigrated from HIV-endemic countries experience higher rates of HIV infection and delayed diagnosis. Despite this evidence, limited research has examined HIV testing in these populations.

Objectives. To examine factors associated with HIV testing, as well as motivations underlying testing behaviour, within five East African communities in Toronto.

Methods. Secondary data analyses were conducted using cross-sectional data collected in face-to-face interviews with people from Toronto's Ethiopian, Kenyan, Somali, Tanzanian, and Ugandan communities. Logistic regression techniques were employed to assess factors associated with "ever vs. never testing," "repeat vs. non-repeat testing," and "independent vs. directive testing. " Reasons provided for testing and not testing were described.

Results. Individuals from all five communities were interviewed (n=270). Males were slightly over-represented (55. 9%). The average age was 35. 7 yrs (range 17-71). Three-quarters (75. 6%) of the sample had been tested for HIV. Two-thirds (65. 7%) of testers had tested more than once and 40. 7% had independently decided to get their most recent test. 71. 1% of testers reporting previous testing for immigration purposes. Testing behaviour varied greatly across communities. Ethnicity was predictive of "ever" and "repeat" testing. Risk behaviour (including multiple sex partners, concurrent sex partners, condom non-use, and/or improper condom use) was overwhelmingly not associated with testing. Fear of exposure through sexual activity was the most frequent reason for independent testing. Immigration authorities were the most common person to initiate directive testing, followed by physicians. Low perceived risk was the most common reason for not testing.

Conclusions. Testing rates within this population were quite high and the immigration process heavily impacted upon testing behaviour. Many determinants and motivations of testing have been identified and should be used to inform the design of interventions to promote testing behaviour in these communities. Nevertheless, many gaps have been identified by the current research and should be addressed by future research.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

14

Johnson, Judith M. "Optimism, coping, and distress in men testing positive for human immunodeficiency virus". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0034/MQ27356.pdf.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

15

Hon, Kit-sum Annie, e 韓潔心. "Can home-based HIV testing improve test uptake in Africa?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45172353.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

16

Burt, Charles Wesley. "Identification of critical variables in developmental testing and an experimental examination of the number and roles of participants in testing sessions". Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=75951.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

A large sample (N = 206) of expert instructional designers was surveyed in order to determine how developmental testing is designed and conducted. The majority of respondents indicated that they did conduct formative testing of prototype instructional materials for purposes of revising them. Both one-to-one and small group testing were recommended with both the developer and the test subjects assuming active roles during the testing sessions. Both quantitative and qualitative (including attitudinal) data are gathered with an emphasis placed on the analysis of the posttest data. Based on a review of the literature and the results of the survey, an experiment was conducted in order to investigate the effects of different roles that the participants might play during testing sessions with different numbers of participants within sessions. Individuals assigned to small groups did not produce as many comments during instruction as the one-to-one procedure. A content analysis of the qualitative data revealed that test subjects generally comment by indicating comprehension/recall problems. As a source of feedback, the attitudinal survey provided a considerable amount of data especially with small groups which were reluctant to make critical comments during instruction.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

17

Soares, Marisa Amarante. "Risky behaviour and HIV/AIDS-related stigma in Zimbabwe". Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9858.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Economics from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics
HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination have been getting more and more attention by researchers and policy-makers. Since stigma has direct impact on the way-of-living of PLHA1 and their decision-making process, it can be an important key in the spread of HIV. Zimbabwe is one of the countries with the highest HIV prevalence rates and, thus, it would be interesting to investigate whether stigma had any impact on the course of the epidemic in that country. My goal in this Work Project was to investigate the determinants of stigma at the individual level and the impact of stigma on individual behaviour (namely condom use and testing).

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

18

Roper, R. M. F. "The derivation of a methodology with supporting software aids for testing structured data processing programs". Thesis, University of Sunderland, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.380261.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

19

Mabota, Princess Martinah. "Psychological well-being of volunteer counselling and testing counsellors". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/33375.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

In the South African public health care system, HIV Counselling and Testing (HCT) has become a function that is routinely entrusted to lay counsellors. These counsellors are expected to educate clients about HIV and AIDS, encourage them to be tested and convince them to change risky behavioural practices. They have to convey the clients’ test results and assist those who test HIV-positive and their families to cope with the psychological challenges associated with the diagnosis. The counsellors occupy the front line of HIV and AIDS service delivery, even though they are not formally employed in the health care system. They only have basic training and are not adequately remunerated. The counsellors are confronted with psychological and structural stressors in their work. Psychological stressors include the impact of emotionally challenging work, the lack of appropriate training, debriefing and supervision. Because they are not formally employed in the health care system, there is a lack of formal supervision or channels to discuss their frustrations. This research focuses on the stressors which HIV counsellors experience, how they cope, and the impact it has on their psychological well-being. As part of the mixed methods approach 50 HCT counsellors working at the City of Tshwane clinics completed the Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory, the Maslach Burnout Inventory for Human Services Survey (MBI- HSS), the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D), and the Brief COPE scale to assess their psychological well-being. In addition, they participated in focus group discussions. EQ-i scores indicated that counsellors reported below average emotional skills, with the overall group score of (88.76). Scores that indicated average emotional skills were Self-Regard (101), Interpersonal Relationships (100.12), and Impulse Control (102.66). Scores that indicated low emotional skills were Independence (86.66), Self-Actualization (88.28), and Reality Testing (83.94). Although they reported high levels of Emotional Exhaustion (27.66), they also have a sense of high Personal Accomplishment (38.64) (MBI-HSS). Counsellors reported an overall CES-D score which was indicative of mild depression (26.08). Counsellors used mostly positive coping skills that included religion, planning, and direct action in coping with stressors in their lives. In a regression analysis with depression as the dependent variable, there was a positive relationship between depression and depersonalization and a negative relationship with positive or active coping and assertiveness. It was concluded that counsellors experienced some depression, emotional exhaustion, and lower than average levels of emotional well-being. Despite that, they reported positive ways of coping and high levels of personal accomplishment. Counsellors were motivated by their sense of altruism, compassion towards their clients, the positive changes they see in client’s lives as well as the reciprocal relationships they have formed with their clients. Counsellors thus have strengths to cope with the high level of stressors and challenges related to their work. It can be concluded that their state of mental health is in line with Keyes’ proposal that mental health forms a continuum. They fluctuate between mental well-being and mental ill-being. However, it is necessary to assist HCT counsellors to develop their emotional capacities to enable them to enhance their ability to counsel their clients effectively.
Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
gm2014
Psychology
unrestricted

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

20

Brown, Sean. "Considering alternatives to the predomination model of volentary councelling and testing practiced in South Africa". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/7749.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Testing is widely acknowledged to be a useful and necessary secondary tool of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) prevention. It is the method by which to identify people who are living with the virus, so that their behaviour may be modified and medical condition treated in order to prevent further infection. Unfortunately, many persons in South Africa (SA) remain undiagnosed and therefore unaware of their HIV-positive status. This thesis explores why it is necessary to test for HIV in SA, where the incidence of the virus remains the highest in the world. Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) or the &amp;acirc;opt-in&amp;acirc; approach has been adopted as the norm or &amp;acirc;sine qua non&amp;acirc;. The efficacy of this method will be interrogated and shortcomings identified. The most notable is that few people in SA undergo an HIV test in order to learn their status. When they do, it is often late in the progression of opportunistic infections, requiring hospitalisation that increases pressure on an already over-stretched healthcare system. Reasons for the poor uptake of VCT are explained, including pervasive stigma and deficiencies in leadership of SA&amp;acirc;s HIV and AIDS response. The expansion of testing is a proposed response to the challenge of persons remaining undiagnosed, and includes the acceleration of &amp;acirc;opt-out&amp;acirc; or routine HIV testing (RHT) among SA&amp;acirc;s high prevalence population. This model offers an HIV test routinely to persons attending government healthcare settings with an illness or for a routine check-up. Although the provider initiates the test, consent is necessary in order to proceed and there is an option to decline. While the key focus of this thesis is routine HIV testing, other approaches are explored in brief, including mandatory testing, mobile clinics and wellness screening. The thesis argues that if SA is to achieve the HIV and AIDS and STI National Strategic Plan (NSP) target of increasing the number of adults who have ever had a test to 70 percent by 2011, new approaches to testing, and especially opt-out, will need to be explored and more widely adopted. Key words: HIV/AIDS; Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT); Routine HIV Testing (RHT); Routinely Recommended Testing (RRT); Opt-out Testing; Provider-Initiated Testing and Counselling (PITC).

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

21

Tappin, David Michael. "Prevalence of HIV infection in childbearing women in Scotland : a project testing inborn errors screening cards for HIV-1 antibodies". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338468.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

22

Mutwali, Reem. "Socio-demographic characteristics and HIV testing in Omdurman National Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) in Sudan by Reem Mutwali". Thesis, UWC, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/2874.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

>Magister Scientiae - MSc
The identification of the association between socio-demographic characteristics and HIV was found to be a useful tool in determining the important risk factors in Sudan. In this study, the relationship(s) between HIV test results and the demographic characteristics such as gender, age, residence area, employment, education, marital status and religion in Omdurman, Sudan were investigated. The data were collected from patients visiting Omdurman National Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) Centre from April 2005 to April 2006. The study sample was represented by 320 patients. Tables were used in the data analysis to present the distribution of the participants by the result of HIV test and demographic factors; odds ratios were also obtained from these tables. The Chi-square test was used to test the association between each socio-demographic factor and the result of HIV test; the Pvalue obtained from this test was measured at a significance level of 0.05. Finally, the joint effect of all demographic factors on HIV test results was tested using logistic regression. A significant association between socio-demographic characteristics and HIV test results was observed. It showed a higher incidence rate in females, middle-aged, married, employed and Christian individuals. HIV was also found to be higher in urban areas than in rural areas. The lower incident rate was observed among educated individuals.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

23

Kanyemba, Phyllis Changu Bune. "Uptake of Voluntary Counseling and Testing at Ngungu Mini - hospital, Zambia". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_2251_1299558390.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

In countries like Zambia where HIV prevalence (14.3% in the age group 15-49 years) is one of the highest in sub-Saharan Africa, HIV testing is an important strategy to combat the HIV/AIDS epidemic, because it is a critical step towards HIV/AIDS care, treatment and support. Despite decades of HIV/AIDS information and education campaigns, only 10% of Zambians know their HIV status. This study aimed to describe the uptake of voluntary counseling and testing and factors associated with uptake at Ngungu Mini - hospital in Ngungu Township, Zambia. Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional survey was conducted among 100 adult clients accessing health care at Ngungu mini - hospital during the second week of January 2009. Participants were asked to fill in a questionnaire on VCT, knowledge, attitudes towards HIV testing, and factors that promote/hinder HIV testing. Data was captured with Excel and basic descriptive analysis done using SPSS version 16.0 and Epi Info Version 3.3.1.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

24

Wise, Daniel Lynn Goggin Kathy J. "Criminal penalties for non-disclosure of HIV-positive status effects on HIV testing rates and incidence /". Diss., UMK access, 2008.

Cerca il testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Dept. of Psychology. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2008.
"A dissertation in clinical psychology." Advisor: Kathleen J. Goggin. Typescript. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed Sept. 12, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 127-136). Online version of the print edition.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

25

Obiajulu, Anthony. "Knowledge ,attitude and practice of voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) for HIV/AIDS amongst the health professionals in Umpumulo Hospital , Mapumulo , Ilembe District , Kwazulu-Natal Province". Thesis, University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/209.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Thesis(M Med.(Family Medicine)--University of Limpopo, 2009.
The impact of HIV/AIDS on the health sector and the health professionals that work in it is huge. This impact has contributed to the continuing attrition of health professionals in South Africa. Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) has a central role to play in the response to these problems both at the level of the health sector in general and most especially at the level of the individual health professional. Thus, understanding factors that affect the practice of VCT amongst this group of professionals is crucial in South Africa‟s quest to reverse these negative trends. AIM The aim of this study was to determine the level of knowledge, to access and understand the attitude and practice of VCT for HIV/AIDS amongst the health professionals in a rural district Hospital and to make recommendations in order that appropriate intervention strategies may be instituted. METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional quantitative study design was used in which data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. The study population included all the health professionals working in the hospital at the time of the study but excluded those who were on leave or absent from duty during the period of data collection. Informed consent was obtained from each participant. Data was captured and analyzed using the SPSS version 15.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, Illinois, USA). vi RESULTS There was a very high level of knowledge, a moderately supportive attitude and a moderately high level of practice of VCT amongst the study participants. Divorced/separated respondents to this study had more supportive attitude towards VCT than their single colleagues. Age was found to have a very weak but positive correlation to attitude score. There was no significant difference in knowledge and attitude scores between those who practiced VCT and those who did not. CONCLUSION Health professionals understand the importance of VCT as an HIV preventive behavior but there remains some VCT knowledge, attitude and practice concerns together with other determinants of VCT behavior that needs to be addressed.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

26

Felino, Isabel Teixeira de Melo Campos. "Do anti-retroviral treatments encourage individuals to get tested for HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa?" Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/10072.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Economics from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics
In many Sub-Saharan African countries, governments and international aid agencies have made progress towards a universal antiretroviral treatment coverage. However, a great proportion of HIV infected individuals is not aware of its HIV status and do not take advantage of the benefits from knowing their status. This project aims to analyze the impact of a country antiretroviral treatment coverage on the individuals` decision to get tested for HIV, and thus on their demand for knowing their HIV status. I find a positive relation between individual decision to get tested and antiretroviral treatment, suggesting that individuals are more likely to perform the HIV test where antiretroviral treatment is widely available.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

27

Shangula, Maria N. "Factors affecting voluntary counseling and HIV testing among pregnant women in Tsumeb district, Oshikoto region, Namibia". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_5201_1183462266.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Increased uptake of VCT services by pregnant women may be attributed to the development of counseling services and increased availability of rapid tests at the study clinics by the Namibian Health and Social Services. A high knowledge and understanding of HIV and VCT services by pregnant women also probably contributed.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

28

Arnao, Thomas Victor. "HIV testing as a requirement for entrance into the diocesan major seminary". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2005. http://www.tren.com.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

29

Ho, Yuk-yi Ella, e 何玉儀. "Risk factors associated with HIV testing among Hong Kong young adults: implications for blood safety". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30252726.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

30

Kenana, Motlatsi Queen. "An evaluation of the attitudes and understanding of HIV/AIDS that underpins the decision to comply or not comply with prenatal HIV/AIDS testing". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2007. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9853_1256911768.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

This study aimed to explore the attitudes to HIV testing among a group of black, low socio-economic status pregnant women from Gugulethu, South Africa. The key research interest was to evaluate the attitudes and understandings of HIV/AIDS that underpin the decision to comply or not comply with prenatal HIV testing. Theories of health behaviour concur that the extent to which an individual will engage in a given health behaviour, such as HIV test compliance, will be a function of the extent to which a person believes she is personally susceptible to the particular illness and her evaluation of the severity of the consequences of contracting the disease.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

31

Vilela, Ana Inês da Silva. "HIV-related discrimination in Sub-Sahran Africa: explanatory characteristics and consequences on employment and HIV-testing". Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/10028.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Economics from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics
This work contributes to a better understanding of HIV-related discrimination in sub-Saharan Africa, through its two main objectives: understand the determinants of stigma behaviour and evaluate its impacts on employment and HIV-testing. Concerning the determinants, the importance of adequate HIV-knowledge in avoiding stigma behaviour is one of the main findings. Regarding the impacts of HIV-related discrimination, it is observed that HIV-positive individuals are less likely to be employed in regions with higher levels of stigma and finally that facing higher discrimination may increase the probability of taking an HIV-test due to positive signalling effects.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

32

Lane, Hannah. "An exploratory study into the factors that constrain or enable voluntary HIV testing among young adults in Cape Town, South Africa". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11591.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Includes bibliographical references (leaves 73-81).
Despite exceptionally high HIV prevalence rates, South Africa experiences prohibitively low levels of HIV testing. Considered to be a key element in the prevention of HIV transmission and a necessary gateway for providing care and treatment for those who are infected, widespread ignorance of HIV status has become a mounting concern in countries with high prevalence rates. Strategies for increasing testing rates have most commonly focused on testing and treatment services, such as the availability and accessibility of clinics offering voluntary counselling and testing (VCT), the number of trained nurses and health practitioners able to administer HIV tests, the possibility of instituting routine HIV testing to increase coverage, and the provision of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) in the event of a positive diagnosis. These efforts seek to either increase access to testing through infrastructural improvements or encourage testing by highlighting its function as a gateway to accessing medical services to manage HIV infection and future transmission. In a departure from these strategies, this thesis considers the physical, social, and psychological ramifications of living with HIV - and not simply issues of access, treatment, and prevention - in order to understand HIV testing practices. Qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted with 15 young adults (6 mole and 9 female) living in Cape Town, South Africa. Semi-structured in-depth interviews collected information about: 1) knowledge and sources of knowledge about HIV/AIDS, as well as how this knowledge changes over time; 2) beliefs and attitudes towards HIV and HIV testing, including corresponding health-seeking behaviours; 3) personal stories about HIV testing, including reasons for and reactions to testing; and 4) possible strategies to encourage HIV testing in the future. Study participants identified three broad threats that were perceived to be experienced by HIV positive people and explained how the HIV test served to either mitigate or expose an individual to these threats. Physical threats posed by HIV, such as opportunistic infections or death, encouraged HIV testing as it was only through testing that these potential threats could be mitigated. Conversely, an HIV test exposed an individual to social and psychological threats. The social threats of living with HIV included exclusion, rejection by family and friends, and social shame. Psychological threats included mental destruction, depression, and stress, among others. Where social and psychological threats were perceived to be strong, testing was actively avoided. The findings of this study are that the decision to voluntarily test for HIV can be explained through a balance of the physical, social, and psychological threats that may be managed or catalysed through an HIV test. When study participants perceived physical threats to outweigh perceived social and psychological threats of living with HIV, they were biased towards testing. When they viewed social and psychological threats to outweigh physical threats, they were biased against testing. This focus on the perceived threats of living with HIV highlights the need to have a comprehensive approach to AIDS and HIV, rather than merely focusing on the clinical diagnosis and treatment of symptoms; enhanced infrastructural resources and the opportunity for mitigation of the physical threats alone do not encourage HIV testing.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

33

Rumsey, Carolyn A. "Culture, Abstinence, and Human Rights: Zulu Use of Virginity Testing in South Africa’s Battle against AIDS". Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20617.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Virginity Testing, a traditional Zulu pre-nuptial custom that determines the worth of a bride, has been resurrected in communities in KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa as a response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The practice takes place during large community festivals when young girls have their genitals physically examined to determine whether they are virgins and results are made public. Supporters of the tradition claim that in fostering a value of chastity among its youth, it encourages abstinence from sexual intercourse which leads to a lower HIV infection rate and prevents the disease from spreading. Human rights activists disagree; Rather than slowing the spread of a disease, they argue, the practice instead endangers girls. Those who fail are often shunned and turn to prostitution, while those who pass may be exposed as potential targets for rape (due to a myth that says intercourse with a virgin cures HIV/AIDS). Despite a ban on the practice in 2005, the testing festivals continue, and are described by supporters as an important part of the preservation of Zulu culture. This thesis examines the ways in which human rights may be re-negotiated for young girls in Zulu communities while maintaining a respect for local culture. It moves beyond the traditional debate between relativism and universalism in order to propose solutions to rights violations in culturally diverse contexts by exploring ideas of inclusive human rights and capabilities theories.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

34

King, Jason Philip Allen. "Pilot Testing a Music Appreciation Training Program for Cochlear Implant Recipients and Users of Hearing Aids". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Communication Disorders, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9457.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

A clinically-focused music appreciation training program (MATP) was developed for use by recipients of cochlear implants (CI) and wearers of hearing aids (HA). It aimed to enhance listeners’ music appreciation abilities, with a specific focus on timbre and musical style. The MATP was pilot-tested on 17 adult postlingually deafened CI recipients (8 female, 9 male, mean age = 60.2 years) and 13 adult HA users (7 female, 4 male, mean age = 63.9 years), with each device group divided into a control and a training group. The training groups were asked to use the MATP for 30 minutes per day four times a week for 10 weeks. The control groups were asked to continue with their normal listening habits for the same time period. Both the training and control groups were assessed on tests of instrument, ensemble and style identification as well as pleasantness ratings of musical excerpts, before and after the 10-week period. Participants in the training groups also completed a program evaluation questionnaire at the end of the training period. The results showed that the training program significantly improved the quality ratings of CI recipients for ensemble stimuli (p = .034). There were, however, no significant improvements for CI users on the timbre discrimination tasks or quality ratings for single instruments, nor were there any significant improvements for the HA users on any of the discrimination tasks or in their quality ratings. The findings suggest that CI recipients’ quality appraisal can be improved through training, independent of perceptual accuracy. On evaluating the program, the majority of CI and HA trainees reported that the MATP was enjoyable and beneficial in terms of music appreciation. Future directions for continued development of the MATP and testing of its efficacy are discussed.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

35

Wallace, Stephaun Elite. "HIV Testing and Black Men who have Sex with Men". ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6383.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

HIV incidence among Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) is extremely high in contrast to their estimated population size and compared to other racial groups. Researchers have established that a significant proportion of these new cases annually originate from HIV transmission by BMSM who are unaware of their HIV status. The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between age, sexual behavior, social support, substance use, internalized homophobia, depression, and HIV test history in BMSM. Guided by the social ecological model (SEM) as the conceptual framework, a quantitative cross-sectional study was designed to analyze secondary data from the HIV Prevention Trials Network Study 061. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the association. The research goal was to identify strategies to engage BMSM with infrequent/nonexistent HIV testing history into testing services. While there was very little difference between the bivariate and multivariate models, the results indicated that BMSM who were younger in age, had lower levels of internalized homophobia, and were recruited at a particular study site were more likely to have tested for HIV in the past 12 months. The other variables did not show a significant relationship to HIV testing history. Implications for positive social change included informing HIV prevention and testing messages and strategies that will result in an increase in HIV testing among BMSM with infrequent/nonexistent HIV testing histories. This increase in HIV testing among BMSM with infrequent/nonexistent HIV testing histories will reduce the number of BMSM who are unaware of their HIV status and who may subsequently transmit HIV to their sexual partners unknowingly.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

36

Wilson, Fiona. "Developing a decision aid for women considering post-treatment CA-125 testing for ovarian cancer". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/26045.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Aims: This thesis had three aims: to review evidence evaluating the effectiveness of decision aids at increasing cancer patients’ treatment-related knowledge and reducing decisional conflict; to explore the decision-making processes of ovarian cancer patients who had opted for or against CA-125 testing during post-treatment surveillance; and to elicit patients’ and health professionals’ views on the proposed development of a decision aid aimed at helping women decide for or against CA-125 testing during post-treatment surveillance for ovarian cancer. Methods: A systematic review was conducted of evidence relating to the effectiveness of cancer treatment-related decision aids at increasing treatment-related knowledge and reducing decisional conflict. In the qualitative study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with ovarian cancer patients (n = 18) and health professionals (n = 6) in an outpatient gynecological oncology clinic. Framework analysis was used to identify themes in the qualitative data. Results: Overall, results from the systematic review supported previous research where decision aids were found to improve patient knowledge and reduce decisional conflict across a range of cancer treatment-related decisions. However, the lack of psychometric support for the treatment-related knowledge measures used in the majority of the studies compromised their ability to address the review question. In the qualitative study, accurate knowledge about CA-125 testing in post-treatment surveillance was found to greatly influence participants’ decision-making processes. Most women with less knowledge about the test chose to have testing based on the false belief that earlier detection of recurrence would lead to earlier treatment and prolonged survival. There was strong enthusiasm from patients and health professionals for the development of the proposed decision aid to assist women facing this treatment decision. Conclusions: The systematic review findings add to previous research supporting the use of decision aids in cancer-related treatment decisions and advocate for their continued development, evaluation and implementation into the healthcare system. The need for a decision aid to ensure accurate knowledge about CA-125 and to aid decision-making for women with ovarian cancer was supported. As well as assisting women with this decision, the proposed decision aid may ultimately support health professionals in practicing shared decision-making regarding CA-125 testing with ovarian cancer patients.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

37

Tadesse, Mizanie Abate. "HIV testing from an African Human Rights System perspective : an analysis of the legal and policy framework of Botswana, Ethiopia and Uganda". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2007. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_5928_1210839992.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

The HIV/AIDS pandemic poses the greatest threat to Africa's efforts to achieve its full potential in the social, economical and political spheres. Cognizant of its devastating consequences, various mechanisms have been designed to address the issue of HIV/AIDS in Africa. This thesis addressed the question: 'Are the legislations and policies of Ethiopia, Botswana and Uganda providing for various modalities of HIV testing consistent with human rights as enshrined under African Human Rights system?' The author of this dissertation critically analyzed the African human rights instruments and the relevant domestic legislation and policies of the three countries.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

38

Campbell, Tomas. "Reasons for HIV testing in a heterosexual sample : the role played by affective factors and constructs from the health belief model". Thesis, University of Surrey, 1997. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/618/.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

39

Nkhoeli, Zengiwe Maria Dilahloane. "Atteridgeville prisoners' experiences of HIV/AIDS pre- and posttest counselling". Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-12082005-144431.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

40

Wilson, Lindsay. "Increasing the Accessibility and Acceptability of HIV Counseling and Testing among Aboriginal Women in Ottawa". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/33454.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Background: In Canada, Aboriginal women are disproportionately impacted by HIV and are tested later in disease progression, resulting in poorer health outcomes and increasing the risk of onward transmission. Methods: Using purposive sampling, 13 self-identified Aboriginal women participated in in-depth, qualitative interviews exploring women’s experiences with HIV testing and their ideas for improving the process. Thematic analysis was conducted in conjunction with constant comparison to identify emergent themes and to direct future interviews and analyses. Results: Women identified several barriers to HIV testing converging on the subjects of insufficient knowledge of HIV and HIV transmission, lack of perceived relevance of HIV testing, unwillingness or inability to confront the need for testing, and judgment from self and others regarding engagement in HIV-related risk-behaviours. The women also described their acceptable and unacceptable testing experiences, presented recommendations for increasing HIV testing uptake, and suggested ways to create the ideal testing experience. The findings demonstrate a clear need for stronger engagement of Aboriginal women surrounding their HIV-related testing needs and increased access to educational opportunities, culturally appropriate care, and initiatives aimed at reducing societal stigma around HIV.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

41

Musemwa, Shingisai. "Factors influencing university students' use of HIV voluntary counselling and testing services : an analysis using the health belief model". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1448.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Human Immune Virus (HI)V /Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has emerged as the most devastating epidemic that the world has experienced. Voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) has proven to be an effective way of preventing and controlling HIV. South African universities provide free VCT services on their campuses; however, these facilities are underused. The study’s objectives were to use the components of the health belief model (HBM) to explore and describe the factors that influenced the decision made by university students who have gone for VCT. The sample consisted of five male students. Data was collected through one-on-one in depth interviews, which were recorded. Data was analysed using thematic analysis, and the components of the HBM were used as codes for the data. Themes were generated for each component. The results indicated that perceived severity, perceived benefits and cues to action played a role in influencing the participants’ decision to go for VCT. In addition, results show that perceived susceptibility had little influence on their decision to go for VCT. Even though participants acknowledged barriers to VCT, they reported that the perceived benefits for VCT outweighed the barriers, and the decision to go for VCT was made. Participants suggested that to increase uptake of VCT on their campus, the university could improve current VCT campaigns, introduce rewards for VCT and introduce couples VCT.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

42

Bell, Donna J. "A comparison of the use of video and slides in testing landscape scenic preference". Virtual Press, 1988. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/543775.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Landscape scenic preference based on user input is an important element in planning decisions. On-site observation is generally not the most efficient method. As a consequence, various landscape simulations have been used including black and white pictures, color pictures, color slides, models, and 16mm film.Recognizing the need to simulate the landscape for user preference testing, the limitations of the presentation media currently being utilized were investigated. Shuttleworth (1980) discussed three possible limitations with photographic simulations: the restrictive field of vision found in a camera, the lack of three-dimensional objects and movement and the need to include landscape elements to resolve conflicts of where objects are in the landscape.Video was selected as the focus of this research because it was a medium which might mitigate the problems found in the use of other media. It was tested against an established presentation medium in the form of slides.Four formats were developed to test forty rural Indiana landscape scenes. All of the thirty respondents in the study participated in the landscape scenic preference testing using slides. The same group was then randomly assigned to three video formats for the second day of testing. Thethree video formats were video pan with sound (video pan is the rotation of the camera on its axis for ninety degrees), video pan without sound, and video hold (video hold is a focus on a particular scene for five to eight seconds).The respondents preference ratings were analyzed using three approaches: Analysis of Variance, Mean ratings of the various scenes, and a questionnaire. The results of this study clearly indicate that video pan with sound is the most accurate presentation medium than can be used to elicit observers' responses to landscape scenery. In addition, this study also suggests that video could have a major impact on understanding observers' preferences and revolutionize current approaches to understanding human behavior in the areas of planning and design.
Department of Landscape Architecture

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

43

Foster, Caron. "An exploration of voluntary counselling and testing : a Port Elizabeth-based study". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1204.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

The purpose of this study was to explore and identify factors that either facilitate or inhibit individuals volunteering for HIV-testing. The target group was comprised of Xhosa first-language construction workers in a company with an HIV/AIDS workplace policy and programme. This programme provides basic education and awareness about HIV/AIDS. This education includes information about where to access voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) services. Interpretive qualitative research was undertaken in order to explore the beliefs, perceptions and intentions of the target group in regard to the utilisation VCT services. Data was collected using an unstructured interview guide. The data was analysed using Tesch’s approach to content analysis. Concerns about validity and reliability were engaged throughout the research process and supported further by using researcher reflexivity and an independent researcher. The independent researcher analysed data separately and only after discussion and consensus being found between the two researchers were final categories and codes agreed upon and data analysis considered complete. Findings revealed that an HIV/AIDS workplace programme has a positive impact on the health-seeking behaviour of workers in the construction company used in this research. Respondents knew how HIV/AIDS is transmitted, how to prevent transmission and where to find HIV-testing treatment and support. In this case HIV-testing services can easily be accessed further facilitating respondents volunteering for HIV-testing. It was also found that family, friends and churches support HIV-testing behaviour by providing education, guidance and support to respondents encouraging behaviour change. On the other hand, respondents held that community members who had not benefited from an HIV/AIDS workplace programme such as theirs are exposed daily to the devastating effects of HIV leading to AIDS deaths and live in fear of the disease. Debilitating illness and eventual death is equated with an HIV-positive diagnosis which causes community members to believe it is better not to volunteer for HIV-testing than to ascertain one’s HIV-status. The HIV/AIDS workplace policy and xv programme on the other hand is seen to have provided respondents with HIV/AIDS knowledge enabling them to overcome their fear of an HIV-positive diagnosis and to volunteer for regular HIV-testing.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

44

Toivo, Aini-Kaarin. "Perceptions and experiences of pregnant women towards HIV voluntary antenatal counselling and testing in Oshakati Hospital, Namibia". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&amp.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

This study focused on perceptions and experiences of pregnant women who opted in against those who opted out of voluntary antenatal HIV counseling and testing. The pregnant women's perceptions and experiences were assessed in order to gain insight into their views towards voluntary antenatal counseling and testing.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

45

Urassa, Willy Shileanga Kikoka. "HIV-1 infection in Tanzania : HIV antibody testing strategies and lymphocyte subset determinations /". Stockholm, 2003. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2003/91-7349-530-1.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

46

Decoline, Marie Denise. "Predictors of HIV Testing Among Individuals Diagnosed With Bipolar Disorder". ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/487.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Research on rates of HIV testing among individuals diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder (BPD) is limited, while HIV infection continues to rise among BPD individuals. The problem is that BPD individuals are at high risk for HIV infection due to non-adherence to treatment for bipolar disorder and manic episodes that can lead to high-risk behaviors. The goal of the study was to examine the association between selected demographic variables, having a bipolar diagnosis, engaging in high-risk behaviors, inability to afford treatment for bipolar disorder, non-adherence to treatment for bipolar disorder, and substance abuse, and their relationship to obtaining an HIV test (the dependent variable) for individuals with BPD. The epidemiologic triangle model served as the theoretical model to assist with interpreting findings. Data collected from 383 BPD diagnosed individuals from the 2007 National Health Interview Study were analyzed using binary logistic regression, chi-square, and multiple logistic regression methods. The results indicated that all 5 behavioral independent variables were significantly associated (p=.000) with obtaining an HIV test. Significant associations were also found for demographic variables (race, gender, and homelessness) as confounding factors that influenced HIV testing among BPD individuals. Implications for positive social change are increased education on the risks of HIV infection and the need for appropriate HIV testing among BPD diagnosed individuals in an effort to protect the health and welfare of this vulnerable population.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

47

Sefularo, Tebogo Veronica. "A phenomenological study of four students' experiences of voluntary counselling and testing". Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11192008-190129.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

48

Zussman, Benjamin. "Pediatric primary care providers in Philadelphia an assessment of HIV testing and prevention education practices, barriers to care delivery, and HIV awareness /". Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/1433.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

49

Valette, Delphine. "Protection against employment HIV-testing and HIV/AIDS related discrimination : the potential and limitations of UK anti-discrimination law". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391178.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

50

Hunter, Susan L. "Perceptions of a HIV Testing Message Targeted for At-Risk Adults with Low Functional Health Literacy". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/msit_diss/88.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

This study analyses warehoused data collected by Georgia State University and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (GSU/CDC) researchers after developing an HIV testing message for urban adults with low functional health literacy. It expands previous work by examining data collected when 202 primarily African-American homeless clients of an urban community based organization (CBO) reviewed both the low literacy brochure (Wallace et. al., 2006) and a standard HIV brochure (Georgia Department of Human Resources, 1997). Participants’ health literacy was assessed using 2 measures; the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine or REALM (Davis, Crouch, Long & Green) and the Test of Functional Health Literacy Assessment or TOFHLA (Nurss, Parker & Baker, 2001). HIV risk was determined using an interview questionnaire developed by the research group (Belcher, Deming, Hunter & Wallace, 2005) which allowed participants to self-report recent alcohol and drug use, sexual behavior, sexually transmitted disease (STD) history and exposure to abuse and sexual coercion. Open-ended response questions regarding readability, understanding, main message, and importance for each brochure provided the qualitative data.This analysis confirms previous work showing accessibility, readability, cultural sensitivity and user-friendly formatting are important when attempting to engage at-risk adults with varying levels of functional health literacy in an HIV testing message. The visual aspects of the brochure can be essential in capturing the reader’s attention and should be relevant to the target audience (Wallace, Deming, Hunter, Belcher & Choi, 2006). Mono-colored graphics may be perceived as dated and irrelevant or worse yet, threatening to some readers. Whenever possible culturally appropriate color photos of people depicting relevant content should replace excess text and difficult medical terms should be eliminated. Wording on the cover and within the brochure should be used to focus the reader on a single main message.This data also shows that many participants considered the quantity of information just as important. For reasons not elucidated here, many respondents equated quantity of information with message quality. Based on these results it is important to further clarify how much information is enough to maintain legitimacy and the reader’s attention while simultaneously avoiding confusing mixed messages.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

Offriamo sconti su tutti i piani premium per gli autori le cui opere sono incluse in raccolte letterarie tematiche. Contattaci per ottenere un codice promozionale unico!