Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Area Planning and Development|Sociology, Social Structure and Development|Recreation"
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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Area Planning and Development|Sociology, Social Structure and Development|Recreation"
1
Hniloskurenko, Mariia. "INTERACTIVE RECREATION IN CITY HISTORICAL ENVIRONMENT." Research and methodological works of the National Academy of Visual Arts and Architecture, no. 28 (December 15, 2019): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33838/naoma.28.2019.5-10.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Studies of recreational processes in the city, the specifics of urban life, trends in the recreation areas organization both in domestic practice and in foreign experience are relevant and timely. Sustainable development of the city involves the stable functioning of the city structure to meet the material and spiritual needs of society, provide the rational use of available resources and potential, form the favourable conditions for human existence in the historically established environment of the city. This process is based on the search for optimal solutions of the city development, determination of the directions of urban areas functioning, taking into account the current trends and patterns of the urban structure development and the formation of relevant scenarios and plans on its bases.
 The urban area on the whole is an important and limited city resource, therefore the effective use of existing territories is especially important for the sustainable development of the city. The creation of interactive recreation centres within the downtown historical buildings could be the solution to many problems, because interactivity implies diversity, which in terms of city-planning requires making of recreation areas as multifunctional and flexible spaces where the residents could spend their time interesting and useful. The public social space is necessary not only for satisfying the population’s needs, but also for their forming and developing. In the context of present-day segregation of city residents and the absence of permanent information-bearer channels, it is the city-planning streets and square interiors of the city that can become an information and communicative space. The role of public space restoration will provide for the integrity of the city in its city-planning, cultural and social aspects. After all, public spaces are one of the key components of an individual’s comfortable existence and coexistence with the society in general; these are places of collective and individual development and unity of people with the rich historical, architectural and natural heritage of urban substance. A solution of a city historical environment and cultural heritage preservation issue is a significant contribution to the future national development based on the study of the historical achievements of the past, which has no alternatives in creating the attractive interactive recreation areas in the centres of historical cities.
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Jojic-Glavonjic, Tamara, Vlasta Kokotovic-Kanazir, and Marija Ljakoska. "Local population analysis in the function of the protected area sustainable development." Journal of the Geographical Institute Jovan Cvijic, SASA 71, no. 3 (2021): 265–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ijgi2103265j.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The research focus of the paper is set on the socio-economic potential of a protected area, as a key factor and a prerequisite for its development. The spatial framework of the research includes five settlements in the vicinity of Special Nature Reserve ?Carska Bara? (Northern Serbia). For the purpose of this research, they are classified into two groups, based on their distance from the fundamental phenomenon. The demographic characteristics analyses of the study area include basic demographic determinants such as population structures and migration characteristics. Population data related to the change in the number of inhabitants and the types of the total population movement were collected and analyzed, and a comparative analysis of the aging index was performed as well. In order to better understand the condition of the economic structure, the economic activity, and the structure of the active population performing occupation were analyzed by activity sections. The current state of the social infrastructure (schools, primary health care facilities, pharmacies, post offices, sports, and recreation facilities) was also considered, as one of the qualities of life indicators of the local population. The obtained results indicate an unfavorable demographic picture of the analyzed areas. These are smaller population areas, predominantly inhabited by population of the old age groups. Although they are in protected areas which, in the context of tourism, are abounding in natural potentials, but without implementing significant steps and certain measures, no progress and improvement of the demographic condition can be expected.
3
Dorokhina, Hanna. "RETAIL PARKS AS ONE OF THE MODERN TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SHOPPING AND ENTERTAINMENT CENTRES AND SPACES." Spatial development, no. 10 (November 29, 2024): 60–70. https://doi.org/10.32347/2786-7269.2024.10.60-70.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article considers the conditions of organization of retail parks, which are quite new for Ukraine, as shopping and entertainment centres. It analyses experience of formation, socio-economic factors of organization of this type of shopping and entertainment centres, makes a classification and offers main schemes of the functional process. The analysis of experience has shown that modern retail parks under construction in the world are significantly superior in terms of the quality of area improvement Ukrainian counterparts. It has been found that retail parks in the world are acquiring the features of a modern public space for recreation for the whole family. On this basis, a model of interaction between social infrastructure and retail parks is considered. In particular, it is proposed to combine retail parks with public green areas, to develop fitness and recreation programmes on their territory. It is also proposed to combine retail parks with modern industrial facilities, thereby improving the quality of the latter's environment and using the transport infrastructure common to both types of facilities. The list of shops and services located in such retail parks will depend on the theme and local conditions of a particular type of facility. For retail parks that do not have specific conditions, basketball and volleyball courts, roller skating rinks, tennis and badminton courts, chess clubs, etc. can be used as social and public spaces. According to the proposed functional and planning structure, the location of these public functions can be either within the planning structure of the retail park or near it. Further work in this area of research should focus on a more detailed study of the functional combination of retail parks' shopping areas with the public and social environment.
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Snihur, K. V. "GREEN ZONES OF UKRAINIAN CITIES: PROBLEMS, OPPORTUNITIES AND PRIORITIES OF DEVELOPMENT." Visnyk of Donetsk National University of Economics and Trade named after Mykhailo Tugan-Baranovsky, no. 1 (74) 2021 (2021): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33274/2079-4819-2021-74-1-82-90.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Objective. The objective of the article is to identify problems, opportunities and priorities for the development of green areas of Ukrainian cities. Methods. The results of scientific research are obtained using a set of general and special research methods, namely: theoretical generalization (to study the essence of the definition of «green zone of the city»), factor analysis, systems analysis and synthesis (to determine the functions of green zones of cities and ways to measure economic value of green areas), statistical method (for processing and analysis of information on the structure of green areas of Ukraine, landscape-urbanization structure of green areas of cities and processing of statistical data on compliance with sanitary norms on green areas) abstract-logical method (in determining the main problems, opportunities and priorities for the development of urban green areas), abstract-theoretical method (for theoretical generalization and formation of conclusions). Results. The study finds that the green zone of the city should be considered as a set of various greenery, which are a functional component of the spatial organization of the city and suburban area, and determines that the main functions of urban green areas are economic, environmental and social, which are implemented in such areas: economic development, protection and rehabilitation of the urban environment, recreation and tourism, architectural planning, protection and preservation of landscapes. According to the results of processing and analysis of statistical data on the structure of green areas of Ukraine and landscape-urbanization structure of green areas of cities, it is established that in the structure of green areas of Ukrainian cities the area is 45 %, limited use and special purpose are 30 % and 25 % respectively, the ratio of green areas of public use shows that the area of parks of culture and recreation, urban parks and squares is almost 41 %, embankments and boulevards — 20 %, water parks, meadows, forest parks — 13 % and other facilities — 33 %. Based on the analysis, it is determined that only 16.7 % of cities adhere to sanitary norms on the area of green plantations in cities, and 25 % of cities have an indicator lower than the average in Ukraine. According to the results of the study, the absence of a national policy for the development of green areas of the city is established and ways to form effective green and recreational spaces of Ukrainian cities are proposed.
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Storozhuk, Svitlana, Anastasia Iniakina, and Yulia Mustyats. "RELEVANCE OF RENOVATION OF URBAN SPACE PARKS ON THE EXAMPLE OF LUZANOVKA HYDROPARK IN ODESSA." Urban development and spatial planning, no. 80 (May 30, 2022): 378–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2076-815x.2022.80.378-388.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article discusses the possibility of renovating park areas in order to create public spaces, taking into account all the existing problems of this area, the wishes of residents and the foundations of sustainable development. The main objectives of the study are: to analyze the environmental, natural and anthropogenic factors of mutual influence, as well as the interaction of the relevant systems in areas with urban development, its slow development, and especially during reconstruction and renovation; to substantiate the problem of renovation of urban spaces in the ratio of city-forming zones (industrial, rural and recreational); trace the development of park areas in connection with the development of the city and determine ways to solve the problems of renovation of urban spaces; present a comprehensive architectural concept of linking park and recreation areas and development of the coast of the Odessa Bay. After analyzing the history of the emergence and development of parks in Ukraine, first of all, the historical features of the territory where the hydropark "Luzanovka" is located, the importance of this park area for various factors (environmental, social, urban planning, etc.) is revealed. The introduction of new functions in the territories of historical parks, the competent development of an urban planning structure through the renovation and rehabilitation of the territory will lead to an influx of funds and investors, and will make it possible to reproduce and maintain parks at a new historical stage. The article presents the features of the design and renovation of parks, identifies trends in the further development of the territory, presents social and environmental effects, and provides an example of a project for the renovation of the Luzanovka hydropark.
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Amosov, Iurii. "Analysis of the planning, functional, and volumetric-spatial organization of temporary settlements." Current problems of architecture and urban planning, no. 68 (March 29, 2024): 94–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2024.68.94-110.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This article examines the experience of planning temporary settlements for the affected and displaced persons, evaluating global and domestic approaches. The analysis encompasses urban planning situations, volumetric-spatial, and functional-planning organization of temporary residential structures, defining typological characteristics and categorizing them. The main focus is on the functioning of temporary settlements using open, semi-open, and closed systems within the structure of habitation. The analysis of global practical experience reveals that at the urban planning level, temporary settlements constitute a structural and planning element primarily constrained by the population size and the potential use of existing service infrastructure. These indicators dictate the placement of this element (temporary settlement) within the settlement system and its functional purpose (transit or long-term settlements), consequently influencing the operational period (from a few months to half a year, up to 1 year, over 1 year, or indefinitely). The most common type is a settlement with a population capacity of up to 500 individuals, with the distinction of a residential zone as the main, and in some cases, the only zone (without the development of a public area or a common space core). Less widespread are settlements with a population capacity of over 500 to 1000 individuals, where a public center with facilities for domestic services, recreation, education, and work-related activities begins to form, mainly in the central core of the structure. An uncommon type of settlement is a residential structure with a capacity exceeding 1000 individuals, featuring the development of a comprehensive public center with a hierarchical network of sub-centers for social and domestic services and recreation, serving as nuclei for the formation of residential groups. Such settlements operate as closed self-servicing systems, meaning they are not dependent on functional connections with the community or the city within the settlement system. The planning aspects derived from global and Ukrainian experiences necessitate defining a temporary settlement as a new element in the urban planning system. Additionally, there is a need for further typological grouping of the reviewed examples of temporary settlements based on their interdependent developmental characteristics.
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Dashiev, Timur A. "Efficiency evaluation of urban planning in Irkutsk using space syntax methods." Journal «Izvestiya vuzov. Investitsiyi. Stroyitelstvo. Nedvizhimost» 11, no. 4 (2021): 690–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.21285/2227-2917-2021-4-690-703.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The present work presents a topological analysis of Irkutsk, studying its city structure, identifying ways of improving the social efficiency of urban functional zoning and proposals for its spatial development. In order to determine the urban development controlled by an architect, as well as the available re-sources, the data on the sociology of architecture and the structure of architectural space were col-lected and analysed. The emergent properties of the axial map for the transport network were evaluat-ed using the tools of spatial syntax. In order to determine trends in urban development, a comparative analysis of city integration maps in 1940 and 2021 was performed. It was concluded that functional ar-eas with the most users are concentrated in the historical centre; however, the integration centre ex-panded over time and reached former suburbs. Daily labour migrations confirm the social inefficiency of this situation. The identified emergent properties allowed the axial spaces to be classified into streets in the foreground and palisade. The plans for spatial development published on the web page of the city administration were analysed for compliance with the integration map. As a result, forming the sub-centres with high function concentration in the area of the city integration centre, having the Irkutsk sub-centre in the Zhilkino microdistrict, was proposed. The research showed that the develop-ment concept adopted in the city fails to meet the integration resources.
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Savitskaya, O., and O. Vasylenko. "CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE COASTAL AREA OF ODESSA." Problems of theory and history of architecture of Ukraine, no. 20 (May 12, 2020): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31650/2519-4208-2020-20-18-27.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This article is a response to the urgent problem of the development and use of the coastal territories of Odessa. Based on the analysis of the historical, social, urban planning and economic context, the article argues the landscape and recreational direction of the development of coastal territories. In addition, the principles, main stages and methods for the formation and maintenance of this territory on a scale from improvement to the urban development role in the city system have been identified. The analysis of trends and problems of sustainable urban devel- opment. In creating a ―sustainable‖ urban environment, the role of various specialists is extremely important: urban planners, architects, ecologists, and ―urbanisms‖ of various ―urban‖ specialties. Only by methods of an integrated approach is it possible to create a full-fledged space, intercon- nected with nature, historical and cultural monuments. With a good location relative to the city, Odessa slopes are not balanced in function and in intensity of operation, which leads to their inefficient use and economic loss of the territory. The analysis revealed a complex of accumulated problems. These are administrative-political, social functional, economic,ecological, cultural. The article proposes an Accession Program promoting park protection – attracting political and public organizations, as well as possible formats for attracting investments. All this is formed under the condition of: – complete conservation of green areas; point inclusion of improvement in the structure of the park; improvement of roads and trails; the formation of places of various saturation and functionality; conservation of the ―wild‖ park. The concept of coastal development is unambiguously a landscape-recreational zone. This determines the maximum recreation, development, improvement of the natural complex; minimi- zation and localization of urbanized areas; withdrawal from the zone of automobile transport; the organization of convenient, aesthetically and environmentally friendly communications of the city with the coast, taking into account all the visual points of disclosure, both on the sea and on the marine facade; оrganization of water public transport The article proposes one of the options for the development of the Odessa coast – the for- mation of urban planning axes of the city - the sea. The result is a convenient communication city – park – beach – sea in the form of stairs, ramps, escalators and other ways of vertical communication between the upper and lower plateaus. On the upper plateau, architectural town-planning ensembles of various functional purposes are formed. An expressive silhouette of the city is created. the territory of the slopes, their connection. The coastal zone is decided in the format of a fully accessible shore: piers are provided with a link to the main walking axis ―health track‖; beach area improvement is carried out, as well as attraction of geographically unconnected commerce. All structures are subject to the condition of preserving green spaces and must comply with the regulatory requirements for park buildings developed by specialists with the participation of the public specifically for this section of the park. The principles that determine the general direction of sustainable urban development are based on the ideology of solving global problems of modern Odessa, taking into account-balanced interaction of natural, socio-economic and technological subsystems during the development of Odessa about the coast without prejudice to future generations.
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Boroday, Dmytro, Artem Boroday, Serhii Boroday, and Yana Boroday. "ARCHITECTURAL AND PLANNING TRENDS IN THE FORMATION OF RECREATIONAL COMPLEXES IN SUBURBAN AREAS ON THE EXAMPLE OF SUMY REGION." Urban development and spatial planning, no. 76 (March 1, 2021): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2076-815x.2021.76.28-36.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article is devoted to the formation of recreational facilities in the structure of suburban areas, which are favorable for the development of recreational and tourist activities. The main preconditions and factors influencing the formation of certain types of institutions are studied. The main architectural and planning features of recreational facilities are identified. The main architectural techniques for the formation of recreational institutions are determined. Such techniques are the pavilion and block-pavilion structure. The main functional groups of the premises of the recreational complexes have been determined. The main groups of premises include: summer residential buildings, sports and recreation facilities, cultural and social facilities, catering facilities. The optimal natural conditions for the formation of recreational institutions in the Sumy region have been determined. A study of natural and recreational resources of the Lebedyn district in Sumy region is conducted. It is established that in this area there are optimal conditions for the formation of recreational facilities. Taking into account certain natural conditions and factors, the concept of the project solution of the recreational and recreational complex in the Lebedyn district of Sumy region is proposed. The complex is proposed to be designed in the coastal zone of the river Psel. The methods of urban planning, architectural planning and compositional solutions that are optimal for a given area were established in the process of project search. These techniques include: the reception of accommodation in a suburban recreational area, the reception of a combined compositional planning organization, the reception of folk (traditional) Ukrainian architecture in combination with modern structural systems.
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Bohdan, Cherkes, and Fenchuk Oleksandr. "HIGH-SPEED URBANISM. DEVELOPMENT OF THE RESIDENTIAL DISTRICT "PID HOLOSKOM" IN LVIV." Vìsnik Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu "Lʹvìvsʹka polìtehnìka". Serìâ Arhìtektura 3, no. 1 (2021): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/sa2021.01.131.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article is devoted to the study of a new residential area in Lviv, called Pid Holosko. It describes the process of formation of the district, from historical to the present day, and its participation in the development of the city. On the basis of the research identified the main characteristics of the new urban development, the number of houses built and the prospects for its development, the number of inhabitants, the intensity of buildings, the provision of educational institutions and recreation. The main urban characteristics of the region as well as phenomena that accompany present-day processes of urban development in Ukraine are investigated. The article is divided by the main types of urban characteristics into the stage of formation, indicators of residential construction and population, the state of social and infrastructural infrastructure and the forecasted prospective development. Problem statement. New residential suburb Holosko today is one of the largest housing estates in Lviv, with implementation rate growing day by day. The gradual development of such a city-building structure leads to problems such as: lack of educational institutions and social services, underdeveloped street and transport infrastructure, lack of parking spaces, the lack of public spaces and elements of sports infrastructure, etc. In order to solve these problems, an analysis of the processes of formation and current development of Pid Holosko is needed, with the aim of developing a comprehensive concept of the city's development. An analysis of recent research and publications. Up until now, the development of the residential micro-region Pid Holosko has not actually been investigated. The main materials are the elaborated construction documents and the authors' own research. The planning structure and energy supply of the district at the municipal level was studied in the studies of L. Shuldan. The aim of this article is to investigate the peculiarities of formation of the new residential micro-district of Pid Holosko and to carry out an integrated analysis of its urban characteristics. On the basis of the conducted research the main problems associated with the fast pace of development of the area and the determination of its development trends in conditions of modern urban development processes were defined.
Tesi sul tema "Area Planning and Development|Sociology, Social Structure and Development|Recreation"
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Derossett, David L. "Crisis, conflict, and consumption| Case studies of the politics and culture of neoliberalization in urban responses to global economic transformations." University of Missouri - Columbia, 2013.
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Newman, Natalie Harding. "Viva Lost Vegas| Downtown Project, Corporate-Led Redevelopment, and the "Tradition of Invention"." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1564902.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
<p> This research is a case study analysis of Downtown Project, a corporate-led redevelopment endeavor currently taking place in downtown Las Vegas. Through private money and public partnerships, Internet retailer Zappos has relocated its headquarters to a neighborhood previously characterized by economic instability, and is actively constructing a concentrated "creative class" community of tech startups, entrepreneurs, and small businesses. By examining Downtown Project, this research seeks to analyze the ways in which corporate-led redevelopment plays a powerful role in the local growth machine, asking who benefits, at what potential costs, and whose interests are served in downtown redevelopment projects. This research situates Downtown Project within the current economic context of Las Vegas, one of the cities hit the hardest by the recession and foreclosure crisis, in addition to placing this endeavor within the historical context of Las Vegas development and the city's "tradition of invention." This research also provides analysis of how this particular development is both similar to and different from other notable U.S. examples of corporate-led redevelopment. This case study draws from physical observations, maps, media coverage, census tract information, financial records, and a series of interviews in order to critically examine the key players and prominent narratives of this ambitious attempt at community building, and ask questions about the social justice and equitable development aspects of such a project.</p>
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Park, Gil-Hwan. "Economic and Social Networks: Impacts on Regional Economic Outcomes and Concentrations." Cleveland, Ohio : Cleveland State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1264534311.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Cleveland State University, 2009.<br>Abstract. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Jan. 27, 2010). Includes bibliographical references (p. 185-203). Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center and also available in print.
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Baxter, Herman Leon. "Toward a Theory of Gentrification." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1240629969.
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Matthias, Nakia M. "Structuring Legitimacy via Strategies of Leadership, Cooperation and Identity: The Comité de Motard Kisima's Engagement of Media and Communication for the Enactment of Motorcycle Taxi Work in Lubumbashi." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1438350393.
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Haile, Yohannes. "Sustainable Value And Eco-Communal Management: Systemic Measures For The Outcome Of Renewable Energy Businesses In Developing, Emerging, And Developed Economies." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1459369970.
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Brown, Kyle Douglas. "Landscape architecture and social responsibility: Emerging concepts from a a study of practice." 2002. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3056202.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Professions such as landscape architecture have long laid claim to altruistic concepts of working for the betterment of society, as opposed to their own special interests. In recent time within the United States, such altruistic claims have come into question, as a skeptical public has challenged the true motivations of professionals. This dissertation examines commitments to social responsibility in the landscape architecture community, in an effort to understand the range of attitudes and ideas present in a profession that is highly diverse in terms of its work jurisdictions and context. Conclusions were drawn from an analysis of discourse in landscape architecture and related environmental design disciplines, a study of educational standards for accredited professional degree programs, and interviews with landscape architects practicing in the Los Angeles region. Findings suggest that many landscape architects believe in abstract notions such as stewardship, but that the interpretations of these notions vary widely. Respondents in the public sector often demonstrated different conceptions of their role in the planning and design process, and stronger connections to the land and its inhabitants, than was the case for most private sector respondents. Respondents in all work contexts also described conflicts that emerged in their practice as a result of obligations to clients, communities, employers, special interest groups that they may be affiliated with, personal values and well-being. These conflicts often presented challenges in terms of meeting abstract notions of social responsibility, and often appeared to shape their attitudes towards these responsibilities. This study confirms that professionals are presented with many conflicts of interest in daily practice, as a result of being firmly embedded in society. So challenges to cultural authority that question the motivations of professionals may be justified in many cases. The lack of explicit engagement of social responsibility issues in discourse and education makes it difficult to counter such challenges in the case of landscape architecture. The dissertation concludes with a discussion of implications for discourse, education and practice, including the need for a theoretical framework in landscape architecture and potential for discretionary action, drawing upon theories of communicative action.
Libri sul tema "Area Planning and Development|Sociology, Social Structure and Development|Recreation"
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Egorshin, Aleksandr, and Irina Gus'kova. Management of social development of personnel. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2074255.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The textbook examines the basics of managing the social development of personnel in modern Russia: the concept of social management, the state of the labor market, forms of state regulation, social relationships of employees, the structure of the workforce and its development. Based on the analysis of domestic and foreign experience, national peculiarities of social management, sociological methods of personnel research, formation of personnel policy, corporate culture and business ethics are revealed. A methodology for developing a social development plan based on the theory of planning and social standards, the formation of a personnel management and social development service for the organization of small, medium and large businesses is proposed. The fundamentals of the theory of the effectiveness of social development are presented, and for the first time a method of integral assessment of the organization's social development plan is proposed. It is recommended for students, postgraduates, as well as managers and specialists in the field of management and personnel management.
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van, Dijk P., Alter Theodore, and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development., eds. New trends in rural policymaking. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1988.
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The capability approach: Development practice and public policy in the Asia-Pacific region. Routledge, 2012.
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Anguillari, Enrico, and Branka Dimitrijević. INTEGRATED URBAN PLANNING: directions, resources and territories. TU Delft Bouwkunde, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.47982/bookrxiv.24.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The purpose of the book on integrated urban planning (IUP) is to present ongoing research from the universities involved in the project Creating the Network of Knowledge Labs for Sustainable and Resilient Environments (KLABS). Although sustainability and resilience have been largely explored in many complex social-ecological systems, they have only recently been applied in the context of cities. Both concepts are useful when seeking an integrated approach to urban planning as they help to look at the city as an interconnected, multi-dimensional system. Analysing the sustainability and the resilience of urban systems involves looking at environmental, social and economic aspects, as well as at those related to technology, culture and institutional structures. Sustainability, resilience as well as integrated urban development are all focused on process. Their objectives are typically defined around the ongoing operation of the process and they can change during the time. Therefore, building a sustainable and resilient city is a collective endeavor that is about mindsets just as much as about physical structures and their operation, where capacity to anticipate and plan for the future, to learn and to adapt are paramount. The papers published in this book show that the recent and current research in those institutions focuses on the directions of development of IUP, the processes that support sustainable and resilient use of natural resources and their application in the Western Balkan and some other European countries. Each essay aims to provide an overview of key aspects of the research topic. The division of the book into three parts - directions, resources and territories - underlines how the challenges that the contemporary city poses can be dealt with more effectively by integrating different paradigms, concepts and trends of urban development and governance; taking into account the numerous problems linked to the availability and exploitation of the main natural and non-natural resources; and looking at the city and the territory as systems in constant transformation, not reducible within rigid dichotomies such as urban/rural, dense/sprawled, formal/informal, etc.
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Boyce, Gordon, and Richard Gorski, eds. Resources and Infrastructures in the Maritime Economy, 1500-2000. Liverpool University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.5949/liverpool/9780973007329.001.0001.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This book provides a study of both the physical and intangible frameworks that enabled maritime resources to flow and infrastructures to operate. The aim is to demonstrate the complexity and diversity of the legal, social, cultural, and institutional forces at work within maritime economics. Port development, planning, and policy-making constitute the physical frameworks, while agency structures and consular networks make up the non-physical factors under discussion. Both land and sea commodities are examined, including capital mobilised from other sectors, and a particularly pertinent maritime commodity, fish. Through case studies, theory-driven analysis, evidence from statistical data, and regional and national comparisons, it successfully illustrates the structure of resource flow and the shape of maritime economic activity on an international scale spanning the eighteenth, nineteenth, and twentieth centuries. Nations examined include Scotland, England, New Zealand, Italy, Denmark, plus several Nordic and Mediterranean states. The book consists of three sections: the first exploring intangible infrastructures and their components; the second, resource flow and economic development; and, finally, the physical infrastructures of the ports themselves.
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Environment, Development and Change in Rural Asia-Pacific. Routledge, 2013.
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John, Connell. Environment, Development and Change in Rural Asia-Pacific: Between Local and Global (Routledge Pacific Rim Geographies). Routledge, 2006.
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Dorraj, Manochehr, and Mehran Kamrava. Iran Today. Greenwood, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400672460.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Iran dominates the media headlines once again and has taken center stage in the U.S. and European Union strategy toward the Middle East. A more nuanced understanding of Iranian society has assumed even greater significance and urgency.Iran Today: An Encyclopedia of Life in the Islamic Republicoffers crucial insight for students and the general reader into an often misunderstood and complex country that is shrouded in mystery and misperception. Heir to a long history and a great culture and civilization, Iran embodies a rich, complex, and diverse mosaic that defines its national identity. Diversity is also the operative word that describes Iranian landscapes and geography, its multiple ethnic groups and their varied cultures and traditions, as well as the uneven and vastly different levels of economic and industrial development, conflicting political tendencies, and different and often contradictory social and cultural outlooks. Because of its tumultuous recent political history, Iran appears to encapsulate all of these internal differences and stark contrasts somewhat more distinctly than most of its neighbors. The 1978-1979 revolution transformed the society and culture in fundamental ways and redefined social life. It created new institutions of governance and Islamicized the culture, education and the legal system in an attempt to create a new society that would usher in the reign of piety and virtue. Yet, Islamization had to come to terms with pre-Islamic and illustrious Persian history and culture, as well as the realities of an interdependent, postmodern, globalized world in which, as a developing country, Iran resides in the periphery. Within this framework, the dynamics and complexity of social life in the Islamic Republic unfold. This encyclopedia is the source for up-to-date, authoritative information on a full range of critical topics of interest. Coverage of the Islamic Republic here falls into the general categories of history, politics, economics, society and culture. The most significant aspects of the life in Iran since the revolution-the era of the Islamic Republic so far-are stressed. The wide range of entries shows the richness and complexity of Iranian society, its multiple and varied facets, its expressions and outward manifestations, and its nuanced responses to political repression, instability, war, pervasive crisis and the chronic tension between modernity and tradition. Some of the entries designed to highlight these important phenomena revolve around the country's ethnic mosaic, the social role and position of women, veiling, the educational system, sports, intellectuals, the arts and artistic expression, literature, poetry, cuisine, healthcare, and the family. Other entries range from regionalism and urban development to the petroleum industry, agriculture, the banking system, issues of wealth and poverty, class structure and economic mobility, and the private sector. In a number of significant areas economic, social and cultural phenomena intersect. These intersections are reflected in entries on broadcasting and communications technology, the Internet, public relations, electronic and print media, and family planning and healthcare. A chronology, selected bibliography, and photos complement the entries.
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Ŭiryo illyŏk chagyŏk sangho injŏng ŭl wihan chŏngchʻaek panghyang: Han-Mi myŏnhŏ kwalli chʻaegye pigyo rŭl chungsim ŭro. Taeoe Kyŏngje Chŏngchʻaek Yŏnʼguwŏn, 2006.
Cerca il testo completoCapitoli di libri sul tema "Area Planning and Development|Sociology, Social Structure and Development|Recreation"
1
Zhou, Long, Bin Li, Sihong Li, Ngan Leng Lei, and Kengfong Cheong. "Theoretical and Practical Research in the Context of Regional Synergistic Development." In Urban and Regional Cooperation and Development. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8061-9_2.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractThis chapter provides a research overview of the related theoretical concepts and practical examples of synergistic regional development. The solution to regional development imbalances from the path of regional cooperation is one of the main objectives of this theory. It provides theories on how regions can develop synergistic collaboration in the areas of economic, environmental and social structures and how these theories can be practised into practical strategic implementation programmes for sustainable regional development. Firstly, we introduce the conceptual and theoretical background of synergistic regional development in the form of urban agglomeration discussed from the perspective of the urban planning discipline. Then we analyse and evaluate cases of synergistic regional development that reflect the research results of regional cooperation. Finally, we explain the advantages and difficulties of forming a synergistic development of Hengqin and Macao.
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Limsuwan, Ekasit. "Integration Concept of Sustainable Engineering." In Sustainable Structural Engineering. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/sed014.009.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
<p>Modern civil engineering mega-projects dealing with buildings, bridges, and infrastructures take sustainable engineering into consideration for the development and execution of their proj-ects. Since sustainable development and sustainable engineering are rather broadly covered as global issues, each individual needs to take personal responsibility for environmental, social, and economic questions whose performance outcomes may impact the life cycle of the struc-ture. An integration concept on sustainable engineering will deal with emerging criteria and concept for a strategic approach to the planning, execution, operation, and maintenance phase of the building process. It can be shown that approaches to and strategies for these issues result from individual consciousness, national policies, and global actions. Current research has been conducted on the sustainability perspective of areas such as global climate changes, CO2 levels, life-cycle assessment (LCA), green design rating, emerging trends in sustainable engineering, and sustainability monitoring and evaluation criteria. However, there may still be more areas requiring further research to apply an integrated concept to emerging strategies for building a process to achieve the goals. Then the methods and procedures appropriate for each community or society can be explored. However, a quantifying performance method also needs to be used as a measure to guarantee satisfactory findings.</p>
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Sisto, Raffaele, Javier García López, Julio Lumbreras Martín, Carlos Mataix Aldeanueva, and Linos Ramos Ferreiro. "City Assessment Tool to Measure the Impact of Public Policies on Smart and Sustainable Cities. The Case Study of the Municipality of Alcobendas (Spain) Compared with Similar European Cities." In Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57764-3_6.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractData analytics is a key resource to analyze cities and to find their strengths and weaknesses to define long-term sustainable strategies. On the one hand, urban planning is geared to adapting cities’ strategies towards a qualitative, intelligent, and sustainable growth. On the other hand, institutions are geared towards open governance and collaborative administration models. In this context, sustainability has become a global concern for urban development, and the sustainable development goals (SDGs), defined by United Nations, are the framework to be followed to define the new city goals and to measure the advances of the policies implemented over recent years. The main objective of this research is to explain the methods and results of the application of a city assessment tool for measuring the impact of public policies on the socioeconomic and environmental structure of a city. It addresses the case study of the evaluation of the strategic plan “Diseña 2020” of the municipality of Alcobendas (Madrid, Spain, with 116.037 inhabitants), the document used to communicate the actions needed to achieve the city goals during the planning exercise. A selection of urban indicators has been aligned with the SDGs defined in the Agenda 2030 to develop a tool for the measurement of the impacts of policies in economic, social, and ecological terms. Through this set of indicators, the tool is able to quantify the impact of the policies on the city and the SDGs and to support the decision-making processes of the administration. The set of urban indicators is divided into five areas: economic development and employment, sustainable development, open government, social responsibility, and quality of life. The data evolution, across the recent years 2012–2018, is used to monitor and benchmark the effects of the applied policies. In addition, Alcobendas can be compared with other Spanish and European cities with similar characteristics; it makes possible assessing the achievement of the city’s strategic areas, incorporating the current trends and fostering the SDGs. Thanks to the quantitative comparable results and the objective approach, this research shows a methodology based on indicators that could be applied and scaled to other cities to generate a common framework for measuring the impact of public policies on cities.
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Braslavska, Oksana. "GEOGRAPHICAL ASPECTS OF TOURISM AND RECREATION DEVELOPMENT IN URBANIZED AREAS." In Modern science: prospects, innovations and technologies. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-473-3-10.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Modern trends of urbanization and globalization lead to significant changes in the structure and functioning of cities. Urbanized areas are becoming centers of economic, cultural and social life, which affects the development of tourism and recreation.Tourism in such areas contributes to economic growth, job creation, and improvement of the quality of life the population. However, the rapid growth of the population and the expansion of urban infrastructure create new challenges for sustainable development of tourism and recreation, which requires in-depth scientific research. Urbanized areas are characterized by high population density, developed infrastructure and a variety of cultural and natural resources that are attractive to tourists and attractive to tourists, and at the same time, the growth of tourism can have negative consequences for the environment and local communities. Therefore, it is important toto study the geographical aspects of tourism and recreation development, taking into accountthe specifics of urbanized areas. The relevance of this study is as follows the need to develop scientifically sound approaches to the management and planning of tourist and recreational activities in cities, which allows to ensure balanced development of tourism, preservation of natural and cultural resources, andas well as improving the quality of life of the population. The study of geographical aspects of tourism and recreation development in urbanized areas is of great importance for Ukraine, where urbanization processes are ongoing and the tourism potential of many cities remains underestimated. The results of the study can serve as a basis for developing strategies for for the development of tourism and recreation in Ukrainian cities, and contribute to increasing their competitiveness in the international tourism market and ensure sustainable development of urbanized areas. Thus, the relevance of this study is determined by the need to study and address complex issues related to the development of tourism and recreation in the context of urbanization, which is of great importance for the economic, social and environmental development of cities.
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Paul, P. K., Sushil Sharma, and Edward Roy Krishnan. "Editorial: Advancing Digital Organizations powered by ICT & Computing-A Business Informatics Perspective." In Advances in Business Informatics empowered by AI & Intelligent Systems. CSMFL Publications, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46679/978819573220300.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Social and Organizational Informatics (SOI) is a dedicated in social, cultural, political, economic, and organizational structures powered by information technologies. Social and Business Informatics is an interdisciplinary area and combines with several academic fields like information science, business, philosophy, social sciences, planning, development studies, and sociology, and so on. Organizational Informatics is simply the Information Technology and Computing applications in Organization’s and business related matters. The latest development of information technology in the organizations and institutions have increased effectively including their operation, elasticity and quick execution of tasks, and reduced operational costs. Organizational Informatics involves information technology related matters in an organizational setting. Organizational Informatics is come up enhanced business integration for faster and efficient and intelligent services.
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Akin, Darcin, and Serdar Alasalvar. "Estimate Urban Growth and Expansion by Modeling Urban Spatial Structure Using Hierarchical Cluster Analyses of Interzonal Travel Data." In Megacities and Rapid Urbanization. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9276-1.ch026.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Estimating the spatial organization of cities yields insights into interactions over a spatial structure, and thus creating efficient subcenters with more balanced distribution of travel patterns over urban agglomerations can be exercised via models which support an evidence-based spatial planning. As cities evolve and self-organize as complex spatial structures, problems such as accessibility, environmental sustainability, and social equity or weak economy can be incurred by unrealistic development scenarios. In this regard, it is claimed that the dynamic nature of the urban spatial structure can to be modeled to estimate growth and expansion of it using the patterns of freight and passenger movements throughout metropolitan areas under the assumption that there is a simple and straightforward link between travel flows and urban spatial structure. The main effort of this study is to describe and model urban spatial structure and its evolution due to the spatial distribution of population, and employment centers.
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Farinmade, Ademola A., Oluwole A. Soyinka, and Kin Wai Michael Siu. "Urban Safety and Security in Lagos Metropolis, Nigeria." In Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-4165-3.ch011.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Urban insecurity, loss of life and property are global challenges that affect the living conditions and the geomorphology of urban centers. This study assesses the use of closed-circuit television (CCTV) inclusive design to promote urban safety and security for sustainable urban development. The objectives are to examine the socioeconomic characteristics of the residents, examine the existing security structure, assess the level of CCTV awareness, and assess its current uses. Mixed method of data collection and analysis were adopted. The findings reveal that both the residential houses and banks have suffered adverse security issues and anti-social menace. CCTV inclusive design is described important for preventing crime in banks, while the same cannot be categorically stated in residential houses. Recommendations for CCTV inclusive design strategies, safety, and security strategies with government policies, public and private participation of stakeholders in urban planning design were proposed for the study area.
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Canbulut, Tuğba. "The Disadvantaged Position of Children in Urban Areas: Shaping Their Lives in the Shadows of the City." In Dezavantajlı Gruplar Açısından Kent. Özgür Yayınları, 2025. https://doi.org/10.58830/ozgur.pub676.c2823.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Urban transformation is a process that rapidly changes both physical and social structures, directly affecting children. Children’s lives in cities should be seen not only as individuals but also as an essential part of the social fabric. However, in traditional urban planning, children’s needs are often overlooked. Fundamental rights such as children’s access to safe play areas, educational opportunities, and spaces for social interaction should be prioritized in urban planning. Furthermore, rapid urbanization can create greater risks, especially for children from disadvantaged groups. Child-friendly cities not only enhance children’s safety but also strengthen social solidarity and improve overall quality of life. Making the "city and child" relationship an academic agenda is important for social justice and sustainable development. Policies that take this relationship into account contribute to creating more equitable and livable cities.
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García García, María Jesús. "Renewable Energies and Urban Environment in Spain." In Management Strategies for Sustainability, New Knowledge Innovation, and Personalized Products and Services. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7793-6.ch008.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Sustainable development is a type of development that advocates first of all the harmonization between economic development and environmental protection, adding social progress; it would therefore be a development in which high and stable growth in the production of goods and services is compatible with widespread social progress, environmental protection, and prudent and efficient use of natural resources. Among the different sectoral areas transferred by the idea of sustainable development is undoubtedly the field of urban planning and housing. The activity generated in cities has an important environmental impact, so it is necessary to orient urban structures, homes, and buildings under premises that are as respectful as possible with the environment, also taking advantage of its economic potential and its effect on the social fabric that inhabits it. It is about promoting integrated actions in the urban environment that are in tune with the objectives.
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Corona, Javier Pérez. "URBANIZATION AND LOCAL AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF SOUTHEASTERN MEXICO." In Multidisciplinary Research and Practice. Seven Editora, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/sevened2024.029-023.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the multi-scale national urban scenario, the urbanization of the southeast region stands out due to the accelerated dynamics in a rural/dispersed and contrasting environment between metropolization and numerous ethnic localities and indigenous communities in precarious social and environmental conditions, but which have socio-territorial resources, attractive to investment in strategic sectors: oil, agribusiness and tourism services; along with infrastructure projects of mobility and transportation. Urbanization that rethinks development between forms of dispossession of common goods and the resistance of native peoples in their ways of life and territorial habitation. Local and regional development that puts in perspective to face the contradictions of developmentalism and alternatives from the subalternity. What characteristics redefine singular urbanization from rural/dispersed population centers and the forms of municipal development of indigenous communities of regional scope? To this end, the determinants of urbanization are examined with demographic dynamics and the structure of human settlements in agglomeration/dispersal areas and the social/ethnic profile, to identify development trends. A statistical review of the population and localities and conditions of access to common goods is carried out; together with planning/public works in community municipalities. Some results highlight trends of extended urbanization and persistence of concentration/dispersion, but with intermunicipal articulation due to infrastructural undertakings and some progress in local development, due to social/community cohesion.
Atti di convegni sul tema "Area Planning and Development|Sociology, Social Structure and Development|Recreation"
1
Arif, Farrukh, Laiba Ayub, Filza Ahmed Khan, and Asad-ur-Rehman Khan. "Conceptual Framework for IoT-Based Structural Health Monitoring of RC Bridges for Maintenance Decision-Making." In Technology Enabled Civil Infrastructure Engineering & Management Conference. Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-q8nkqw.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Infrastructure development serves as an indicator of a country’s social and economic growth. Bridges are the key assets of infrastructure projects that are built for a design life of more than 50 years. During their lifespan, they are subjected to defects and deterioration due to physical changes, chemical attacks, internal reactions, etc. that are required to be addressed by timely inspection and monitoring. Inspection practices have a great impact on maintenance planning and decision-making. Since bridges are public infrastructure the budget allocated to their repair and maintenance is limited. Therefore, there arises a need for accurate, measurable, reliable, and cost-effective technologies for bridge health monitoring that can be incorporated into decision-making tools to prioritize repair and maintenance strategies. In recent years the trend has shifted from visual inspection to IoT-based condition assessment. This technique evaluates the bridge’s global and localized, and static and dynamic responses. However, there is a need to develop a systematic structure for a bridge health monitoring system, standardizing the data acquisition, processing, and transmission from a group of sensors to evaluate the existing condition of the bridge. This study proposes a conceptual IoT-based framework for structural health monitoring of existing reinforced concrete bridges for informed decision-making along with development of data acquisition system.
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Voinova, I., and P. Chuvatkin. "Spatial Sustainable Development Model for Tourism and Recreation Areas: Conceptual Approach." In International Conference on Finance, Economics, Management and IT Business (FEMIB 2024). Crossref, 2025. https://doi.org/10.63550/iceip.2025.74.87.002.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The study presents the results of applying an interdisciplinary approach to spatial development concept for recreational-tourism territories. The conclusions and recommendations formulated by the authors are reflected in several key outputs. The first one is devoted to the systematic presentation of conceptual goals. Next one included the block diagram of the regional tourism space development concept. The third result presents the goal-setting system supplement. The last one introduces with indicator framework for municipal-level strategic tourism development as an example of practical use. For the first time, the authors have integrated an informational space into the structure of recreational-tourism space, reflecting the current trend towards economic digitalization. When defining goals for recreational-tourism space development, the authors justify the need for establishing a conceptual link between the geographic parameters of an area and the tourism resources within it. This linkage is essential for planning the placement of tourism industry facilities and determining potential socio-economic directions for tourism development in the area while adhering to principles of long-term sustainable development.
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Bonenberg, Wojciech. "Governing urban planning diversity: the use of internal diversity in metropolitan area spatial planning." In Virtual City and Territory. Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.8045.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this paper spatial, functional, social and cultural aspects of the problem of governing urban diversity are analysed. Economical use of diversity as an element driving urban economies is highlighted. It is indicated that the post-industrial reality imposes a need for a new attitude towards the role and place of diversity in the spatial and economic development of a city. The concept of rejuvenating urban structures based on diversity is presented and governance strategies are categorised. It is revealed that spatial diversity is a key resource of a metropolitan area, driving its growth as well as the performance of social and economic goals. Results of research on Poznan metropolitan area spatial diversity are presented: 6 types of relations are highlighted, which made it possible to assess the current level of diversity governance within the discussed areas. As a result three primary levels are identified at which diversity governance should be implemented as the basis for planning metropolitan areas’ spatial development. It is determined that governing diversity is an effective development model for these areas.
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Guo, Rong, and Yo Cui. "Urban regeneration and sustainable urban development from polycentric spatial structure traffic performance." In Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/cpqc8140.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Traffic congestion has become the main phenomenon of agglomeration dis-economy in urban. Adjusting spatial structure to improve traffic efficiency and reduce traffic pollution has become an important issue of urban sustainable development. The study adopts the social survey method to test the traffic performance of Harbin polycentric spatial structure. Combine with the colocation hypothesis, the paper analyzes the influencing factors of polycentric commuting distance and commuting time. The results show that the average commuting distance of centers is greater than that in the city, and the proportion of long-distance commuting is higher, but the faster commuting speed in the fringe area subcenters makes average commuting time shorter than that in the city. The importance of commuting costs is insufficient, the employment and residential location resources are extremely unbalanced, and they influence location selection of residence and employment and makes long-distance commuting economically reasonable. The fundamental ways to improve the traffic performance of polycentric spatial structure are to face up to the rationality of long-distance commuting and traffic demand, in urban renewal, adjusting commuting cost and the spatial layout of residential and employment resources, improving the balance between occupation and housing, promoting sustainable urban development.
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VARIS HUSAR, ila Ceren, Milan HUSAR, and Vladimir ONDREJICKA. "Human Agency, Knowledge and Space in Bratislava Socio-spatial analysis of innovation in a capital city." In ISSUES OF HOUSING, PLANNING, AND RESILIENT DEVELOPMENT OF THE TERRITORY Towards Euro-Mediterranean Perspectives. POLIS PRESS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37199/c41000119.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The effect of the time and space on people and the knowledge production is examined with various methods and approaches in different disciplines as economics, geography, development studies, planning and the like. From the socio-spatial perspective, regional development is related in one dimension of how the individual links to one’s environment, both individually and within a community. This research is a part of a wider research project, called REGINNO 1 delves into the regional innovation capacity in Slovakia, specifically explores the interrelation of human agency and local development from the socio-spatial perspective specific to capital city of Bratislava. Human agency refers to the individuals’ capacity and perspective to be involved in the creation of novel ideas and contribution to local knowledge. The socio-spatial perspective acknowledges the interplay between social structures and spatial arrangements, exploring the role of physical environments shape social relations and opportunities for the aforementioned individuals. Human capital capacity fosters a favourable setting for innovation by enabling the sharing of knowledge and resources, and facilitating the formation of networks and partnerships. Based on the findings of this research, there are a number of recommendations of this research for policymakers, and practitioners to foster environments, spaces and planning strategies that empower individuals, promote inclusion, and address socio-spatial diversities in local context.
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GRAOVAC, ANA, JASMINA DJOKIC PAVKOV, LJUBICA SLAVKOVIC, and KSENIJA RADOVANOVIC. "URBAN PLANNING OF THE WIDER AREA OF THE SAVA RIVER IN BELGRADE - SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OR UNCONTROLLED GROWTH?" In IRASA International Scientific Conference. IRASA – International Research Academy of Science and Art, 2024. https://doi.org/10.62982/seti06.angr.45.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract The general planning goals, such as sustainable development, social well-being, adaptation to climate change and the rational use of resources and goods, are only achieved with clear criteria and indicators for evaluating planning solutions, as well as for monitoring and evaluation of their implementation. Although the Serbian laws do not prescribe an exact procedure for monitoring and evaluation in urban planning, they require the presentation of the basic urban indicators in the preparation of plans, such as land-use balances, construction capacities, estimated number of inhabitants and users, volume of buildings, green areas, etc. The paper researches the adopted detailed planning solutions and those that are being developed in the wider area of the Sava River, relating to complete urban transformations. The research includes 14 plans, with a total area of about 540 ha. The basic urban indicators that are defined in the plans are analyzed and their summary is given. The goal of the research is to observe the trends related to the intensity of construction, the share of public uses and public areas, the future physical structure, the relationship to public goods, housing standards, etc., as well as to open issues related to the sustainable urban development of Belgrade. Key words: Urban planning, urban indicators, monitoring, evaluation, Belgrade.Abstract The general planning goals, such as sustainable development, social well-being, adaptation to climate change and the rational use of resources and goods, are only achieved with clear criteria and indicators for evaluating planning solutions, as well as for monitoring and evaluation of their implementation. Although the Serbian laws do not prescribe an exact procedure for monitoring and evaluation in urban planning, they require the presentation of the basic urban indicators in the preparation of plans, such as land-use balances, construction capacities, estimated number of inhabitants and users, volume of buildings, green areas, etc. The paper researches the adopted detailed planning solutions and those that are being developed in the wider area of the Sava River, relating to complete urban transformations. The research includes 14 plans, with a total area of about 540 ha. The basic urban indicators that are defined in the plans are analyzed and their summary is given. The goal of the research is to observe the trends related to the intensity of construction, the share of public uses and public areas, the future physical structure, the relationship to public goods, housing standards, etc., as well as to open issues related to the sustainable urban development of Belgrade. Key words: Urban planning, urban indicators, monitoring, evaluation, Belgrade.
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Dіulherova, Anastasiia, and Olha Baidarova. "Features of the volunteer organizations management in the direction of assisting the military in conditions of war." In Sociology – Social Work and Social Welfare: Regulation of Social Problems. Видавець ФОП Марченко Т.В., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/sosrsw2023.122.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: The volunteer movement in Ukraine, which has always intensified in times of greatest threat, has since February 24, 2022, accumulated the efforts of volunteers, directing all their efforts to help the army. This has led to an increase in the number of volunteer organizations helping the military. The social demand and the needs they respond to set high expectations for volunteers. In such circumstances, volunteer organizations must pay special attention to the organization of volunteer activities. The question arises: how do volunteer organizations working to help the military cope with the risks and challenges that have arisen in connection with a full-scale war? The lack of qualitative knowledge about how they organize activities, engage volunteers, and keep them motivated, what are the peculiarities of communication and evaluation of their work, etc. determines the applied significance of the study, the results of which are reflected in the abstracts. Objective: To find out the peculiarities of management of volunteer organizations in the field of assistance to the military in war and to identify ways to strengthen their organizational capacity. Methods: The research was qualitative in nature. The theoretical method of the study was to analyze documents on the topic of volunteer management. The main method of empirical research was a structured interview with representatives of volunteer organizations working to help the military, aimed at studying: the content of volunteers' work, the risks of working in war, the difficulties of conducting activities, the peculiarities of volunteer management, assessment of the organization's capacity and ways to strengthen it. To process the results, we analyzed and compared the content of the respondents' answers. Results: Volunteer organizations working to help the military are different from others and have their own special internal organization. During the war, they faced a number of challenges, the answer to which is determined by the specifics of volunteer management of different types of organizations. The article reveals differences in the work of old (those that functioned before the full- scale invasion) and newly created volunteer organizations. The key factors that weaken the capacity of a volunteer organization include internal (misconceptions about management, in particular, about engaging volunteers in work, organizing their activities and motivation, ignoring the risks of burnout, insufficient communication with former volunteers, etc.) and external (decline in active involvement of volunteers, people's distrust of the organization and the organization – of the state authorities, legal insecurity of volunteers, funding risks, chronic stress). Conclusion: Since the outbreak of full-scale war, the activities of organizations that help the military have changed dramatically, and these changes can be recorded in a certain sequence: 1) a new stage of development; 2) a decline in activity (a decrease in the number of contributions and people); 3) transformation of approaches to volunteer management, including resource mobilization. Volunteer organizations, regardless of their type, need to strengthen their capacity in such areas as developing internal policies, facilitating strategic planning, developing an organizational structure, and maintaining staff motivation and development. Older and younger organizations have different needs for strengthening their advocacy and communication capacities. One of the ways to strengthen the organizational capacity of volunteer organizations can be training aimed at overcoming false stereotypes about volunteer management. Keywords: volunteer activity, volunteer management, war, volunteering to help the military.
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Geng, Hong, and Jiajia Li. "Promotion path of liveable quality in old town in big city based on social dimension. A case study of Wuhan in China." In Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/lfsk8978.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Based on the social dimension, this paper constructed an analytical framework for the improvement of livable quality in the old urban areas of large cities, and took the old urban areas of Wuhan as the research area to analyze the development difficulties faced by the old urban areas of Wuhan by means of field investigation, interview and questionnaire survey. The research shows that the rapid expansion of Wuhan city not only promotes the renewal of the old city, but also gives rise to a series of problems, such as the contradiction between social resources and human needs caused by the change of social structure, the reconstruction of social relations breaking the original social stability, and the loss of urban vitality caused by the shaping of urban characteristics. Therefore, based on the social perspective, this paper analyzes the social problems and their forming mechanism in the livable development of the old urban areas of large cities, puts forward the path framework for improving the livable quality of the old urban areas of large cities, and discusses the strategies for improving the livable quality of the old urban areas with examples to promote the livable development of the old urban areas of large cities.
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Lu, Qing, Liyan Xu, Zhen Cai, and Xiao Peng. "The spectrum of metropolitan areas across the world, and detection of potential metropolitan areas with Chinese characteristics." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/sdgu8646.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
When people talk about the Metropolitan Area (MA), they mean differently in different parts of the world with different contexts. Based on its spatial extent, internal structure, socio-economic function, and network characteristics, an MA can refer to various entities from a metropolis to a Megacity-region. In an effort to clarify the MA concept, we review the origin of the MA concept and its development in various parts of the world, especially the United States, Japan and China, so as to propose a spectrum of MAs, and their relationship with specific human and natural geographical contexts. Particularly, we find MAs in China typically have a unique three-circle structure, which is composed of a core circle, a commuting circle, and a functional metropolitan circle. By international comparable standards which include factors such as population density, facility density, and economic activity intensity, and adjusted with reasonable context-dependent considerations in China, the three circles are designated as follows: the spatial extent with the highest development intensity and assuming a central regional role is identified as the core circle; the districts and counties around the core circle with a commuting rate greater than 10% are identified as the commuting circle; and the districts and counties within an one-hour accessible zone are identified as the functional metropolitan circle. To test the model, we utilize eight sources of big data covering ecological background, population, economy, transportation, real estate, land use, infrastructure, and culture characteristics, and with a fusion analysis of the data we show how the factors combined give rise to the three-circle structure in typical Chinese MAs, and why the combination of the same factors in the US and Japanese contexts works otherwise to fill different niches in the spectrum of MAs mentioned above. For a further inquiry, within the framework of the same model and using the same dataset, we identify 32 cities from all 338 prefecture-level cities in China that would qualify as an MA or potential MA, which we call “the Metropolitan Areas with Chinese Characteristics”, and designate the spatial extent of the three circles within each of the MAs. Additional analyses are also conducted to locate the main development corridors, key growth poles, and currently underdeveloped regions in each of the MAs. We conclude the paper with discussions of potential challenges of MA development in China vis-a-vis current policies, such as cross-administration collaboration between jurisdictions within the same MA, and cross-scale collaboration between MAs, cities, and city groups. Placing the research in the global context, and considering the vast similarities between China and other developing countries in terms of population density, land resources, urbanization level, and socio-economic development status in general, we argue that China’s model of MAs may be also applicable to other developing countries. Therefore, this research may shed lights to planning researchers and practitioners around the world, especially in developing countries in understanding the development conditions of MAs in their own contexts, and also in methods for identifying and planning potential MAs to achieve their specific policy objectives.
10
Arun K. V. and Beena K. P. "Innovative Box girder having Footpath at Bottom of Box girder by Cantilevering Soffit slab." In IABSE Congress, New Delhi 2023: Engineering for Sustainable Development. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newdelhi.2023.0420.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
<p>Innovative structural forms for medium span bridges are a challenging effort for bridge design engineers especially in built-up area locations, where social impact plays a crucial role. Box girders are flexible forms compared to conventional ‘I’ girders, in the sense that they can have curved plan as well as varying shape of cross sections. Padaharam bridge at Alappuzha district of Kerala state is such a bridge planned, designed and under construction with superstructure having walkways/pedestrian way underneath cantilevering box girder. This ensued less land acquisition, environmental and social impact. In this paper, the planning, design, and construction of this bridge are introduced. The cross-sectional features of the box girder, the structural analysis of the superstructure and its constructional techniques are discussed in this paper.</p>
Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Area Planning and Development|Sociology, Social Structure and Development|Recreation"
1
Nash, Richard, Cheyanne Scharbatke-Church, Zita Toribio, Peter Woodrow, and Derick W. Brinkerhoff. Understanding Corruption and Social Norms: A Case Study in Natural Resource Management. RTI Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2023.op.0089.2309.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Corruption undermines many outcomes across development sectors, yet little is known about how social norms drive corruption or undermine anticorruption efforts in sector work. The conservation sector is no exception. The current study examined corruption and social norms related to infrastructure investments and site planning decisions and their subsequent effect on conservation outcomes. The study focused on the Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park, one of four protected areas under the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Sustainable Interventions for Biodiversity, Oceans and Landscapes (SIBOL) project in the Philippines, implemented by RTI International. Based on a site visit, key informant interviews, and extensive document analysis, our findings elucidate a unique governance structure that enabled project partners to navigate the significant corruption risks present. Direct social norms were not found to be driving corrupt decision making. However, indirect norms played a role by dictating inaction or silence—powerful behaviors—in the face of abuse of entrusted power for personal gain. Our analysis highlights the challenges and importance of having practitioners clearly define and understand what they mean by “corruption” as well as the importance of undertaking a systems analysis that incorporates the influence of social norms on behaviors within that system.
2
Fent, Thomas, Stefan Wrzaczek, Gustav Feichtinger, and Andreas Novak. Fertility decline and age-structure in China and India. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/0x003f0d14.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
China and India, two Asian countries that experienced a rapid decline in fertility since the middle of the twentieth century, are the focus of this paper. Although there is no doubt that lower fertility levels have many positive effects on the economy, development and sustainability, little is known about the optimal transition from high to medium or even low levels of fertility. Firstly, implementing policies that have the potential to reduce fertility is costly. Secondly, additional costs arise from adapting the infrastructure to a population that fluctuates quickly not only in terms of size but also with respect to the age structure. We apply an intertemporal optimisation model that takes the costs and benefits of fertility decline into account. The optimal time path depends on the cost structure, the planning horizon and the initial conditions. In the case of a long planning horizon and high initial fertility, it may even be optimal to reduce fertility temporarily below replacement level in order to slow down population growth at an early stage. A key finding of our formal investigation is that, under the same plausible parameter settings, the optimal paths for China and India differ substantially. Moreover, our analysis shows that India, where the fertility decline emerged as a consequence of societal and economic developments, followed a path closer to the optimal fertility transition than China, where the fertility decline was state-imposed. The mathematical approach deployed for this analysis provides insights into the optimal long-term development of fertility and allows for policy conclusions to be drawn for other countries that are still in the fertility transition process.
3
Chand, Obindra Bahadur, Katie Moore, and Stephen Thompson. Key Considerations: Disability-Inclusive Humanitarian Action and Emergency Response in South and Southeast Asia and Beyond. Institute of Development Studies, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2023.019.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In many settings, people with disabilities face multiple and complex layers of environmental, societal and structural barriers. These barriers can lead to them being disproportionately harmed, neglected and excluded during humanitarian and other emergency responses.1–3 This is especially evident in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including Nepal and other South and Southeast Asian nations.4 Limited awareness of the needs of people with disabilities, entrenched social stigma, and inaccessible infrastructure can exacerbate the challenges they face in emergency situations. In addition, there has been little preparation and planning to make disaster and emergency planning disability inclusive.3,5,6 This brief explores disability in the context of humanitarian and public health emergencies in South and Southeast Asia. Its focus is on Nepal, but the principles are universally relevant and can be adapted for any context. It is intended for stakeholders in government, civil society and the humanitarian sector. It aims to support stakeholders to better understand how structural inequities, alongside social and cultural norms and practices, exacerbate the marginalisation and exclusion of people with disabilities in emergencies. This brief presents examples of good practice for disability-responsive humanitarian and emergency planning and intervention. It also provides key considerations for actors aiming to support greater inclusion of people with disabilities in response. This brief draws on evidence from academic and grey literature, and from open-source datasets. It was authored by Obindra Chand (HERD International, University of Essex), Katie Moore (Anthrologica) and Stephen Thompson (Institute of Development Studies (IDS)), supported by Tabitha Hrynick (IDS). This brief is the responsibility of SSHAP.
4
Journeay, M., J. Z. K. Yip, C. L. Wagner, P. LeSueur, and T. Hobbs. Social vulnerability to natural hazards in Canada. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330295.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
While we are exposed to the physical effects of natural hazard processes, certain groups within a community often bear a disproportionate share of the negative consequences when a disaster strikes. This study addresses questions of why some places and population groups in Canada are more vulnerable to natural hazard processes than others, who is most likely to bear the greatest burden of risk within a given community or region, and what are the underlying factors that disproportionally affect the capacities of individuals and groups to withstand, cope with, and recover from the impacts and downstream consequences of a disaster. Our assessment of social vulnerability is based on principles and analytic methods established as part of the Hazards of Place model (Hewitt et al., 1971; Cutter, 1996), and a corresponding framework of indicators derived from demographic information compiled as part of the 2016 national census. Social determinants of hazard threat are evaluated in the context of backbone patterns that are associated with different types of human settlement (i.e., metropolitan, rural, and remote), and more detailed patterns of land use that reflect physical characteristics of the built environment and related functions that support the day-to-day needs of residents and businesses at the community level. Underlying factors that contribute to regional patterns of social vulnerability are evaluated through the lens of family structure and level of community connectedness (social capital); the ability of individuals and groups to take actions on their own to manage the outcomes of unexpected hazard events (autonomy); shelter conditions that will influence the relative degree of household displacement and reliance on emergency services (housing); and the economic means to sustain the requirements of day-to-day living (e.g., shelter, food, water, basic services) during periods of disruption that can affect employment and other sources of income (financial agency). Results of this study build on and contribute to ongoing research and development efforts within Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) to better understand the social and physical determinants of natural hazard risk in support of emergency management and broader dimensions of disaster resilience planning that are undertaken at a community level. Analytic methods and results described in this study are made available as part of an Open Source platform and provide a base of evidence that will be relevant to emergency planners, local authorities and supporting organizations responsible for managing the immediate physical impacts of natural hazard events in Canada, and planners responsible for the integration of disaster resilience principles into the broader context of sustainable land use and community development at the municipal level.
5
Herman, Brook, Todd Swannack, Molly Reif, Nathan Richards, Tomma Barnes, and Candice Piercy. Framework for a general restoration model for ecosystems with anadromous fish for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Phase 1 : conceptual model development. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/46645.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Salmonid species are critically important ecologically, socially, and economically for North American coastal regions. Alterations to the structure (e.g., channelization) and function (e.g., sediment transport) of estuaries, rivers, and streams have greatly impacted these species, many are now listed as federally threatened or endangered. As part of environmental compliance procedures and policy, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is required to assess the impacts and/or benefits of proposed water resource projects (e.g., levee maintenance, ecosystem restoration, etc.) to the environment. The USACE is required to predict and quantify environmental benefits using models to justify federal investment in ecosystem restoration projects. The purpose of this effort is to develop a general model or model framework that can be used during the USACE planning process that will serve as a unified standard Salmonid model. The primary purpose of the model will be to project future environmental benefits that will result from proposed restoration measures. Additionally, the model needs to be sensitive to different combinations of restoration measures in order to assist the USCAE in the planning and decision making process. This report presents the results of the first phase of model development using the mediated model development process.
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Burchett, Helen E. D., Rebecca S. French, Sally Griffin, Malica de Melo, Joelma J. Picardo, and Dylan Kneale. Structural interventions to enable adolescent contraceptive use in low and middle income countries: What has been evaluated and how should future interventions be developed? Centre for Excellence and Development Impact and Learning (CEDIL), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51744/ceb3.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Adolescent pregnancy rates in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are high and reducing these rates is an indicator for Sustainable Development Goal (SDG). Enabling contraceptive use amongst sexually active adolescents is an important way to help address this. Most interventions tend to focus on providing contraceptives and family planning services or information and education to encourage girls to use contraception. However, these interventions do not usually address the broader factors that affect girls’ ability to access and use contraception. Structural interventions are those that address this broader context, such as interventions that aim to increase girls’ education, reduce poverty and/or increase their economic empowerment, or shift social norms around gender, adolescent sexuality or fertility. This brief summarises the findings of an evidence synthesis that examined structural interventions to enable adolescent contraceptive use in LMICs. The authors identify which structural interventions have been evaluated and offer recommendations on how future interventions could be developed to optimise their impact.
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Kwon, Heeseo Rain, Heeyoun You, and Sang Keon Lee. Korea's Pursuit for Sustainable Cities through New Town Development: Implications for LAC: Knowledge Sharing Forum on Development Experiences: Comparative Experiences of Korea and Latin America and th. Inter-American Development Bank, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006999.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Under rapid urbanization that took place from around 1960 to 1990, the Republic of Korea has been facing various urban problems such as the expansion of urban slum, traffic congestion and environmental pollution. Among the various responses to these challenges, New Town development can be regarded as one of the most successful and effective strategies, which hasover 50 years of development history in five phases. Korea's New Towns were developed with three main purposes according to the periodic needs: industry support, housing supply, and nationwide balanced development. Phase I New Towns (1962-81) responded to the country's need for industry promotion. Phase II (1967-86), Phase III (1989-95) and Phase IV (2001-present) New Towns were built in response to the severe lack of housing emerged due to over-concentration in the capital and later its metropolitan area, by providing large-scale housing inside Seoul, in the outer ring of Seoul, and in the Capital Area respectively over time. Finally, the most recent Phase V New Towns (2005-present) provided response to the issue of equitable and balanced development across the country. These development yielded outcomes such as housing market stabilization, improvement of housing condition, securement of public and green spaces, economic effect on related industries, and expansion of urban infrastructure. The paper suggests three success factors of Korea's New Town development. First is feasible planning and concrete implementation strategies that enabled the implementing organizations to overcome conflicts and carry on with the project until completion. The second factor is institutional driving force and legal support which involved establishing a dedicated bureau, defining clear organizational structure and stakeholder roles, and providing timely Acts to support the land acquisition and construction. The third success factor is reasonable land acquisition methodologies which evolved over time from Land Readjustment to Publically Management Development. This paper also presents Sustainable New own Design Criteria as an important implication for the LAC to consider, which includes social, economic and environmental sustainability that pursue outcomes such as social inclusion, self-sufficiency, connectivity, green space and smart resource management. Exchanging these experience of Korea and promoting mutual cooperation would be highly valuable for the cities in LAC to minimize the trial and error and maximize the success factors experienced by Korea as an attempt to relieve the challenges of rapid urbanization they are faced with at present. In this regard, it is anticipated that Korea can actively share its accumulated New Town experience and knowledge and act as one of the promising development partners of the countries in LAC.
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Perera, Duminda, Vladimir Smakhtin, Spencer Williams, Taylor North, and Allen Curry. Ageing Water Storage Infrastructure: An Emerging Global Risk. United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53328/qsyl1281.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The Report provides an overview of the current state of knowledge on the ageing of large dams –an emerging global development issue as tens of thousands of existing large dams have reached or exceeded an “alert” age threshold of 50 years, and many others will soon approach 100 years. These aged structures incur rapidly rising maintenance needs and costs while simultaneously declining their effectiveness and posing potential threats to human safety and the environment. The Report analyzes large dam construction trends across major geographical regions and primary dam functions, such as water supply, irrigation, flood control, hydropower, and recreation. Analysis of existing global datasets indicates that despite plans in some regions and countries to build more water storage dams, particularly for hydropower generation, there will not be another “dam revolution” to match the scale of the high-intensity dam construction experienced in the early to middle, 20th century. At the same time, many of the large dams constructed then are aging, and hence we are already experiencing a “mass ageing” of water storage infrastructure. The Report further explores the emerging practice of decommissioning ageing dams, which can be removal or re-operation, to address issues of ensuring public safety, escalating maintenance costs, reservoir sedimentation, and restoration of a natural river ecosystem. Decommissioning becomes the option if economic and practical limitations prevent a dam from being upgraded or if its original use has become obsolete. The cost of dam removal is estimated to be an order of magnitude less than that of repairing. The Report also gives an overview of dam decommissioning’s socio-economic impacts, including those on local livelihoods, heritage, property value, recreation, and aesthetics. Notably, the nature of these impacts varies significantly between low- and high-income countries. The Report shows that while dam decommissioning is a relatively recent phenomenon, it is gaining pace in the USA and Europe, where many dams are older. However, it is primarily small dams that have been removed to date, and the decommissioning of large dams is still in its infancy, with only a few known cases in the last decade. A few case studies of ageing and decommissioned large dams illustrate the complexity and length of the process that is often necessary to orchestrate the dam removal safely. Even removing a small dam requires years (often decades), continuous expert and public involvement, and lengthy regulatory reviews. With the mass ageing of dams well underway, it is important to develop a framework of protocols that will guide and accelerate the process of dam removal. Overall, the Report aims to attract global attention to the creeping issue of ageing water storage infrastructure and stimulate international efforts to deal with this emerging water risk. This Report’s primary target audiences are governments and their partners responsible for planning and implementing water infrastructure development and management, emphasizing adaptat
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Dopfer, Jaqui. Öffentlichkeitsbeteiligung bei diskursiven Konfliktlösungsverfahren auf regionaler Ebene. Potentielle Ansätze zur Nutzung von Risikokommunikation im Rahmen von e-Government. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.3933795605.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Whereas at the end of the 20th century there were still high expectations associated with the use of new media in terms of a democratisation of social discourse and new potential for citizens to participate in political decision-making, disillusionment is now spreading. Even today, the internet is often seen only as a technical tool for the transmission of information and communication, which serves as a structural supplement to "real" discourse and decision-making processes. In fact, however, the use of new media can open up additional, previously non-existent possibilities for well-founded and substantial citizen participation, especially at regional and supra-regional level. According to the results of this study, the informal, mediative procedures for conflict resolution in the context of high-risk planning decisions, which are now also increasingly used at the regional level, have two main problem areas. Firstly, in the conception and design chosen so far, they do not offer citizens direct access to the procedure. Citizens are given almost no opportunities to exert substantial influence on the content and procedure of the process, or on the solutions found in the process. So far, this has not been remedied by the use of new media. On the other hand, it is becoming apparent that the results negotiated in the procedure are not, or only inadequately, reflected in the subsequent sovereign decision. This means that not only valuable resources for identifying the problem situation and for integrative problem-solving remain unused, but it is also not possible to realise the effects anticipated with the participation procedures within the framework of context or reflexive self-management. With the aim of advancing the development of institutionally oriented approaches at the practice level, this study discusses potential solutions at the procedural level. This takes into account legal implications as well as the action logics, motives and intentions of the actors involved and aims to improve e-government structures. It becomes evident that opening up informal participation procedures for citizen participation at the regional level can only be realised through the (targeted) use of new media. However, this requires a fundamentally new approach not only in the participation procedures carried out but also, for example, in the conception of information or communication offerings. Opportunities for improving the use of the results obtained from the informal procedures in the (sovereign) decision-making process as well as the development of potentials in the sense of stronger self-control of social subsystems are identified in a stronger interlinking of informal and sovereign procedures. The prerequisite for this is not only the establishment of suitable structures, but above all the willingness of decision-makers to allow citizens to participate in decision-making, as well as the granting of participation opportunities and rights that go beyond those previously granted in sovereign procedures.
10
Sadegh, Mojtaba, Seyd Seydi, John Abatzoglou, Amir AghaKouchak, Mir Matin, and Kaveh Madani. January 2025 Los Angeles Wildfires: Once-in-a-Generation Events Now Happen Frequently. United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU INWEH), 2025. https://doi.org/10.53328/inr25mos003.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
1. On January 7, 2025, Palisades and Eaton fires started and burned through urban areas of Los Angeles County, California. They collectively destroyed nearly 16,250 structures, and directly exposed ~41,000 people, ranking them 2nd and 3rd most destructive wildfires in California’s history1. 2. Started during drought conditions coincident with the Santa Ana winds with wind gusts exceeding 100 miles per hour, the fires rapidly spread into densely populated urban areas, resulting in 29 fatalities and widespread population displacement. 3. The January 2025 Los Angeles wildfires underscore the increasing frequency of deadly wildfires driven by background warming and climate change, development of houses and infrastructure in wildfire-prone areas, and human-caused ignitions such as faulty power lines and fireworks during dry-hot-windy conditions, compounded by the lack of societal preparedness for such extreme events. 4. Home hardening, forest and shrubland thinning, clearing vegetation near human settlements and reducing human ignition of wildfires are among mitigation strategies can save lives and property in communities in the wildland urban interface. 5. The increasing occurrence of intense urban wildfires necessitates immediate and comprehensive strategies for land-use planning and adaptation to a changing climate, as well as enhanced wildfire prediction and detection technology and improved disaster response.