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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Arthropoda – Anatomy"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 8 febbraio 2022

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Arthropoda – Anatomy"

Naumann, Benjamin, Hans S. Reip, Nesrine Akkari, David Neubert e Jörg U. Hammel. "Inside the head of a cybertype – three-dimensional reconstruction of the head muscles of Ommatoiulus avatar (Diplopoda: Juliformia: Julidae) reveals insights into the feeding movements of Juliformia". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 188, n. 4 (28 novembre 2019): 954–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz109.

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Abstract The origin and diversification of the arthropod head is one of the major topics in the field of evolutionary morphology of Arthropoda. Among the major arthropod groups, Myriapoda and, more precisely Diplopoda, are generally poorly studied regarding their head anatomy. However, this group is of pivotal importance to understand the evolutionary functional morphology of the arthropod head. In this study, we investigate the complete musculoskeletal system of the diplopod head with a detailed description of the cephalic anatomy of the recently described species Ommatoiulus avatar. The comparison of our data with the literature on the few other species available show that the morphology of the musculoskeletal system within Juliformia, a subgroup of the Diplopoda, is relatively conservative. Using video recordings of the feeding movements in addition to the anatomical data, we revise the mechanism of the mandibular movements in Juliformia. There was a controversy whether mandibular abduction is an active process, facilitated by contraction of an abductor muscle, or if it is a passive process, mediated by tentorial and gnathochilarial movements not involving a direct abduction by muscular contraction. We show that mandibular abduction in Ommatoiulus is an active movement involving the contraction of an abductor muscle. This is similar to the mandibular abduction in other arthropod groups.

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ARANGO, CLAUDIA P., e AMY MAXMEN. "Proboscis ornamentation as a diagnostic character for the Anoplodactylus californicus-digitatus complex (Arthropoda: Pycnogonida) with an example from the Anoplodactylus eroticus female". Zootaxa 1311, n. 1 (11 settembre 2006): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1311.1.3.

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Females of the Indo-Pacific species Anoplodactylus eroticus (Arthropoda: Pycnogonida: Phoxichilidiidae) are described for the first time. The presence of peculiar ventral outgrowths or protuberances on the female proboscis of A. eroticus and 13 other Anoplodactylus species motivates an evaluation of a californicus-digitatus complex, based on external morphology and species distribution. The anatomy and development of proboscis protuberances is assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Nomarski optics, and flourescence microscopy. External morphology of A. eroticus is compared to that of apparently related species. An identification key for the 14 species of Anoplodactylus with females bearing a proboscis with ventral protuberances is provided here as an identification tool.

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SHU, DEGAN, JEAN VANNIER, HUILIN LUO, LING CHEN, XINGLIANG ZHANG e SHIXUE HU. "Anatomy and lifestyle of Kunmingella (Arthropoda, Bradoriida) from the Chengjiang fossil Lagerstätte (lower Cambrian; Southwest China)". Lethaia 32, n. 4 (29 marzo 2007): 279–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3931.1999.tb00547.x.

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STEIN, MARTIN, JOHN S. PEEL, DAVID J. SIVETER e MARK WILLIAMS. "Isoxys (Arthropoda) with preserved soft anatomy from the Sirius Passet Lagerstätte, lower Cambrian of North Greenland". Lethaia 43, n. 2 (7 settembre 2009): 258–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3931.2009.00189.x.

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García-Bellido, Diego C., e Desmond H. Collins. "A new study of Marrella splendens (Arthropoda, Marrellomorpha) from the Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale, British Columbia, Canada". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 43, n. 6 (1 giugno 2006): 721–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e06-012.

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Study of over 1000 specimens of Marrella splendens Walcott, 1912, out of the more than 9000 collected by the Royal Ontario Museum (ROM) since 1975, has produced new information on the anatomy, functional morphology, and behaviour of this most common arthropod in the Burgess Shale fauna. Among the new features recognized is the distinction between the alimentary canal and circulatory system; where the former is generally three-dimensional and slightly reflective, the latter never presents any relief and is very reflective. A larger range of size is now known, from 2.4 to 24.5 mm in length, with small individuals possessing 17 body segments to large specimens with more than 26 body segments, representing an almost complete ontogenetic series. The second pair of "antennae" is now interpreted as swimming appendages, since the five distal segments are dorsoventrally compressed, fringed with setae and with a considerable blood supply, providing a paddlelike appendage capable of producing a considerable propelling force. The ROM collections extend the geographical distribution of Marrella 13 km to the southeast and the stratigraphical range through the lowest five members of the Burgess Shale Formation.

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Petrunina, Alexandra S., Gregory A. Kolbasov e Pedro Martinez Arbizu. "Anatomy of the free tantulus larva (Crustacea: Tantulocarida) studied with confocal laser scanning microscopy: An extreme case of miniatuarisation in the Arthropoda". Progress in Oceanography 178 (novembre 2019): 102190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2019.102190.

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Budd, Graham E. "Arthropods from North Greenland: exceptional data in the ‘Cambrian explosion’ debate". Paleontological Society Special Publications 6 (1992): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200006043.

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'Sirius Passet’ fauna arthropods from the Lower Cambrian Buen Formation of North Greenland form the major component of this exceptionally preserved biota. Early mineralisation of body cavities led to internal anatomy being preserved more readily than external structures such as limbs. Musculature and gut are known in three dimensional form. Many of the taxa present are more easily compared to extant arthropods than to flattened fossil material such as from the Burgess Shale.The most common arthropod is represented by some 1600 specimens. Although widely differing in preservational style, these specimens may be reconciled to provide a coherent model of the three-dimensional anatomy of the arthropod. The affinities of this arthropod lie with the ‘Cheliceromorph’ rather than the Crustacean biramous-limbed arthropods, and may represent a fairly advanced lineage within the clade.Recent discussions of the patterns produced by the early metazoan radiations have concentrated on data available from the Burgess Shale. The continuing discovery and description of other Cambrian lagerstätten such as from North Greenland and Chengjiang has highlighted the degree to which the Burgess Shale fauna should be considered to be an aliquot taken from the foment of the ‘Cambrian Explosion’. The discovery of more taxa is tending to flesh out the bare bones of the Burgess fauna. Conclusions about phylogentic patterns drawn from the Burgess Shale alone may thus be premature.Body patterning in the arthropods, and the validity of the ‘Bauplan’ concept may be investigated by consideration of the actual mechanisms available for profound morphological change. One promising route is provided by the ‘homeotic’ and other hierarchically arranged developmental genes. When the mode of action of these genes is considered in conjunction with phylogenetic methods, it may prove possible to assess evolutionary pathways in terms of the feasibility of the morphological changes required by them rather than relying on what seems inherently reasonable or on marginal advantages in parsimony. Exceptionally preserved biotas also contain the evidence for the evolution of the developmental mechanisms themselves.

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Solórzano Kraemer, Mónica M., Xavier Delclòs, Matthew E. Clapham, Antonio Arillo, David Peris, Peter Jäger, Frauke Stebner e Enrique Peñalver. "Arthropods in modern resins reveal if amber accurately recorded forest arthropod communities". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, n. 26 (7 maggio 2018): 6739–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1802138115.

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Amber is an organic multicompound derivative from the polymerization of resin of diverse higher plants. Compared with other modes of fossil preservation, amber records the anatomy of and ecological interactions between ancient soft-bodied organisms with exceptional fidelity. However, it is currently suggested that ambers do not accurately record the composition of arthropod forest paleocommunities, due to crucial taphonomic biases. We evaluated the effects of taphonomic processes on arthropod entrapment by resin from the plantHymenaea, one of the most important resin-producing trees and a producer of tropical Cenozoic ambers and Anthropocene (or subfossil) resins. We statistically compared natural entrapment byHymenaea verrucosatree resin with the ensemble of arthropods trapped by standardized entomological traps around the same tree species. Our results demonstrate that assemblages in resin are more similar to those from sticky traps than from malaise traps, providing an accurate representation of the arthropod fauna living in or near the resiniferous tree, but not of entire arthropod forest communities. Particularly, arthropod groups such as Lepidoptera, Collembola, and some Diptera are underrepresented in resins. However, resin assemblages differed slightly from sticky traps, perhaps because chemical compounds in the resins attract or repel specific insect groups. Ground-dwelling or flying arthropods that use the tree-trunk habitat for feeding or reproduction are also well represented in the resin assemblages, implying that fossil inclusions in amber can reveal fundamental information about biology of the past. These biases have implications for the paleoecological interpretation of the fossil record, principally of Cenozoic amber with angiosperm origin.

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Weihmann, Tom, Hanns Hagen Goetzke e Michael Günther. "Requirements and limits of anatomy-based predictions of locomotion in terrestrial arthropods with emphasis on arachnids". Journal of Paleontology 89, n. 6 (novembre 2015): 980–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2016.33.

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AbstractModern computer-aided techniques foster the availability and quality of 3D visualization and reconstruction of extinct and extant species. Moreover, animated sequences of locomotion and other movements find their way into motion pictures and documentary films, but also gain attraction in science. While movement analysis is well advanced in vertebrates, particularly in mammals and birds, analyses in arthropods, with their much higher variability regarding general anatomy and size, are still in their infancies and restricted to a few laboratory species. These restrictions and deficient understanding of terrestrial arthropod locomotion in general impedes sensible reconstruction of movements in those species that are not directly observable (e.g., extinct and cryptic species). Since shortcomings like over-simplified approaches to simulate arthropod locomotion became obvious recently, in this review we provide insight into physical, morphological, physiological, behavioral, and ecological constraints, which are essential for sensible reconstructions of terrestrial arthropod locomotion. Such concerted consideration along with sensible evaluations of stability and efficiency requirements can pave the way to realistic assessment of leg coordination and body dynamics.

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PAGE, ALEX, PHILIP R. WILBY, MARK WILLIAMS, JEAN VANNIER, JEREMY R. DAVIES, RICHARD A. WATERS e JAN A. ZALASIEWICZ. "Soft-part preservation in a bivalved arthropod from the Late Ordovician of Wales". Geological Magazine 147, n. 2 (3 novembre 2009): 242–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756809990045.

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AbstractA new component of the Early Palaeozoic arthropod fauna is described from a monospecific accumulate of carapaces in a Late Ordovician (Katian) hemipelagic mudstone from the Cardigan district of southwest Wales (UK). Its non-biomineralized carapace is preserved as a carbonaceous residue, as is more labile anatomy (soft-parts) including the inner lamella and sub-ovate structures near its antero-dorsal margin, which we interpret to be putative eyes. The depositional context and associated fauna indicate that the arthropods inhabited an area of deep water and high primary productivity above a pronounced submarine topography. The preserved density of carapaces suggests the arthropods may have congregated into shoals or been transported post-mortem into depressions which acted as detritus traps. The accumulate provides a rare example of soft-part preservation in hemipelagic mudstones and highlights the role of organic material as a locus for authigenic mineralization during metamorphism.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Arthropoda – Anatomy"

Andrew, David R. "A Comparative Anatomical and Phylogenetic Approach to Nervous System Evolution in Arthropods". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/222843.

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Arthropods are the most species-rich group of animals, and as such they exhibit an amazing diversity of morphological, behavioral, and ecological adaptations. Because of this diversity, the evolutionary history of this group has been, and still is notoriously difficult to determine because considerations of different traits invariably support alternative evolutionary relationships. Their nervous systems provide an invaluable set of characters for systematic inferences about the origins and evolutionary trajectories of Arthropoda. This is because nervous systems are ubiquitous and contain a wealth of structures from which to infer shared ancestry. Considerations of ancestral arthropod relationships have further provided insights into how arthropod nervous systems have maintained some traits through evolutionary time and how others have been modified or acquired as novelties. This dissertation explores the evolution of arthropod brains within an interdisciplinary framework, utilizing comparative neuroanatomical, neural cladistic, and molecular phylogenetic analyses to support novel hypotheses of nervous system evolution in arthropods. The field of neurophylogenetics relies on the characterization of shared derived neural traits to infer ancestry amongst taxa. The first portion of this work describes highly conserved neural elements from the lamina, or first optic neuropil, of several crustaceans. This study is followed by a neural cladistic study that infers evolutionary relationships amongst major arthropod groups based solely on neural traits. The results of this study are then compared to those from a large-scale molecular phylogenomic analysis of hundreds of conserved orthologous genes. Results from neural cladistic and molecular phylogenetics suggest several species whose neuroanatomical characterization would provide support for novel evolutionary hypotheses. The last portion of this dissertation details a comparative neuroanatomical study on one such diagnostic taxa, the copepod Tigriopus californicus. Two principles of arthropod nervous system organization and evolution are repeatedly supported with this approach: 1) many complex neural structures shared amongst arthropod groups have been inherited from ancient common ancestors, suggesting that the neural arrangements seen today have been carried over from antiquity; and 2) these same complex attributes are absent in numerous late-diverging lineages, supporting the hypothesis that secondary simplification of nervous systems is a common property of arthropods.

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Danger, Jean-Michel. "Etude comparée du neuropeptide Y : localisation, caractérisation, actions neuroendocriniennes". Rouen, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ROUES029.

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Distribution d'un peptide apparente au neuropeptide Y (NPY ) est étudiée par immunohistochimie dans le cerveau des amphibiens anoures et urodèles des poissons osseux et cartilagineux, et dans le système nerveux des insectes: le NPY des amphibiens dérive d'un précurseur homologue au pro-peptide des mammifères. Le NPY contrôle l'activité sécrétrice des cellules mélanotropes. La technique de périfusion de lobes neurointermédiaires permet de montrer que le NPY agit comme un facteur inhibiteur de la libération d'alpha-mélanotropine. Le NPY agit directement sur les cellules mélanotropes et la partie bioactive est située dans la région C-terminale de la molécule. Chez les amphibiens urodèles, la pars intermedia ne reçoit aucune innervation NPY-ergique et conformément à cette observation,le NPY n'exerce aucun effet sur la libération d'alpha-mélanotropine chez ces animaux

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Robert, Alain. "Le contrôle de l'ovulation et de la parturition chez la mouche tsé-tsé, Glossina fuscipes (Diptère)". Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066311.

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Etude des mécanismes physiologiques qui contrôlent l'ovulation et la parturition chez g. Fuscipes, vecteur de la maladie du sommeil. L'anatomie de l'appareil génital femelle a été étudiée et la régulation hormonale de l'ovulation et de la parturition mise en évidence. Celles-ci fait intervenir des neurohormones, des ecdystéroïdes et des neuromédiateurs.

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Blais, Catherine. "Rôle et métabolisme des ecdystéroïdes au niveau des disques imaginaux alaires de Pieris brassicae L. (Lepidoptère)". Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066217.

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Les disques imaginaux alaires de larves âgées et de prénymphes de Pieris brassicae (Lépidoptère) se différencient in vitro en présence d'ecdysone (0,2-4 mu m) ou de 20-hydroxyecdysone (0,2 mu m). Ces hormones sont métabolisées par les tissus imaginaux (organes entiers, homogénats ou fractions subcellulaires); les réactions intéressent trois positions de la molécule d'ecdysone: les carbones c-26 (26-hydroxylation et formation d'acides ecdysonoïques), c-20 (20-hydroxylation) et c-3 (formation réversible de dérivés 3-déhydro). Les systèmes enzymatiques responsables des réactions d'oxydation en c-20 (microsomal) et d'oxydo-réduction en c-3 (cytosolique) ont été caractérisés chez les chrysalides. Cette étude soulève le problème de la signification physiologique de ce métabolisme des ecdystéroïdes (inactivation et/ou transformation en métabolites actifs biologiquement) dans les disques imaginaux, organes-cibles des hormones

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Libri sul tema "Arthropoda – Anatomy"

service), SpringerLink (Online, a cura di. Chitin: Formation and Diagenesis. Dordrecht: Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2011.

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Snodgrass, R. E. Textbook of Arthropod Anatomy. Cornell University Press, 2019.

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(Editor), Frederick W. Harrison, e Rainer F. Foelix (Editor), a cura di. Microscopic Anatomy of Invertebrates, Chelicerate Arthropoda (Microscopic Anatomy of Invertebrates). Wiley-Liss, 1998.

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(Editor), Frederick W. Harrison, e Rainer F. Foelix (Editor), a cura di. Microscopic Anatomy of Invertebrates, Chelicerate Arthropoda (Microscopic Anatomy of Invertebrates). Wiley-Liss, 1999.

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(Editor), Frederick W. Harrison, e Rainer F. Foelix (Editor), a cura di. Microscopic Anatomy of Invertebrates, Chelicerate Arthropoda (Microscopic Anatomy of Invertebrates). Wiley-Liss, 1998.

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Microscopic Anatomy of Invertebrates, Chelicerate Arthropoda (Microscopic Anatomy of Invertebrates). Wiley-Liss, 1999.

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Gupta, Neal S. Chitin: Formation and Diagenesis. Neal S Gupta, 2013.

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Textbook of Arthropod Anatomy. Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/book.68513.

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1949-, Becker Norbert, a cura di. Mosquitoes and their control. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, 2003.

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Zgomba, Marija, Dusan Petric, Christine Dahl, Clive Boase, Achim Kaiser, Norbert Becker e Minoo Madon. Mosquitoes and Their Control. Springer, 2014.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Arthropoda – Anatomy"

Rees, Paul A. "Arthropods and echinoderms." In Key questions in biodiversity: a study and revision guide, 118–35. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789248630.0008.

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Abstract This chapter contains questions on the classification, anatomy and characteristics of the Arthropoda and Echinodermata. The questions are divided into three levels, i.e. foundation, intermediate, and advanced. Knowledge of basic facts are dealt with at the foundation level while the intermediate level and advanced levels contain questions involving more obscure facts and concepts.

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Cragg, Simon M. "Marine Wood Boring Arthropods: Ecology, Functional Anatomy, and Control Measures". In ACS Symposium Series, 272–86. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2003-0845.ch015.

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dos Santos Isaias, Rosy Mary, Denis Coelho de Oliveira, Renê Gonçalves da Silva Carneiro e Jane Elizabeth Kraus. "Developmental Anatomy of Galls in the Neotropics: Arthropods Stimuli Versus Host Plant Constraints". In Neotropical Insect Galls, 15–34. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8783-3_2.

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"Philosophical Anatomy, Swedish Pioneers, and Neuronal Systematics". In Arthropod Brains, 455–511. Harvard University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1dp0v2h.13.

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"Preface". In Textbook of Arthropod Anatomy, v—vi. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501740800-001.

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"Introduction". In Textbook of Arthropod Anatomy, 1–5. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501740800-002.

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"I. The Trilobita". In Textbook of Arthropod Anatomy, 6–19. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501740800-003.

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"II. Limulus". In Textbook of Arthropod Anatomy, 20–40. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501740800-004.

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"III. The Eurypterida". In Textbook of Arthropod Anatomy, 41–47. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501740800-005.

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"IV. The Pycnogonida". In Textbook of Arthropod Anatomy, 48–58. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501740800-006.

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