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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Bacteria"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 12 aprile 2025

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Bacteria"

Ali, Zainab Haider, Wurood Hamzah Muttaleb e Lubna Abdulazeem. "Anti-Bacterial Action of Silver Nanoparticles Against MDR Bacteria Isolated from Hospital". International Journal of Medical Science and Dental Health 10, n. 10 (20 ottobre 2024): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.55640/ijmsdh-10-10-11.

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Hospital-associated infections (HAIs) are considered to be a major source of infections in patients, especially in patients with permanently impaired immunity. There is alarming increase of multi drug resistant (MDR) bacteria and Antibacterial medication resistance has been deemed a serious hazard to public health by the World Health Organisation (WHO). The study aimed to isolate and identify main bacteria caused nosocomial infection, and trying to treatments by using nanoparticles. By measuring the antibacterial activity of the synthesised AgNPs using the agar disc diffusion technique, AgNPs demonstrated antibacterial properties against the Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus MDR.

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Yaghoubi, Atieh, Majid Khazaei, Seyed Mahdi Hasanian, Amir Avan, William C. Cho e Saman Soleimanpour. "Bacteriotherapy in Breast Cancer". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, n. 23 (23 novembre 2019): 5880. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20235880.

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Breast cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality among women around the world. Conventional treatments in the fight against breast cancer, such as chemotherapy, are being challenged regarding their effectiveness. Thus, strategies for the treatment of breast cancer need to be continuously refined to achieve a better patient outcome. We know that a number of bacteria are pathogenic and some are even associated with tumor development, however, recent studies have demonstrated interesting results suggesting some bacteria may have potential for cancer therapy. Therefore, the therapeutic role of bacteria has aroused attention in medical and pharmaceutical studies. Furthermore, genetic engineering has been used in bacterial therapy and may led to greater efficacy with few side effects. Some genetically modified non-pathogenic bacterial species are more successful due to their selectivity for cancer cells but with low toxicity for normal cells. Some live, attenuated, or genetically modified bacterias are capable to multiply in tumors and inhibit their growth. This article aims to review the role of bacteria and their products including bacterial peptides, bacteriocins, and toxins for the treatment of breast cancer.

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Susanti, S., B. E. Setiani, H. Rizqiati, D. R. Febriandi, V. P. Bintoro e B. E. Setiani. "Inhibitory Activity of Cashew Apple (Anacardium Occidentale) Extract Marinade on The Meat Total Bacteria". Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal 6, n. 1 (24 marzo 2018): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/crnfsj.6.1.11.

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Microbial activities cause physical and functional alteration, which can decrease the quality and shelf life of meat. Inhibiting the bacterial growth becomes a crucial effort to prevent spoilage of meat. Previous studies reported that human pathogen bacterias could be inhibited by using cashew apple juice. It was interested to explore the utilization of cashew apple as marinade solution to suppress the meat bacteria. Current study was aimed to get more insight the effectiveness of cashew apple extract marinade (CAM) as growth inhibitor for spoilage bacteria on beefs and chickens. Results indicated that inhibition zone of 20% CAM were significant higher than 0% CAM on the medium of E. coli, and S. aureus. The pretty high polyphenols content in CAM was considered as an active compound responsible for antibacterial activity. Furthermore, total bacterial count assay showed that 10 to 30% CAM significantly reduced the beef total bacteria in comparison to 0% while 15 % CAM significantly decreased the chicken total bacteria. It was suggested the range of effective level of CAM to reduce the meats bacteria is 10 to 30%. Thus, cashew apple can be a promising natural food preservative in the future, especially for extending the shelf life of meat.

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Tovkach, F. I., e G. I. Zhuminska. "Destabilization of the Phage-Bacteria System during Bacterial Infections of Tree Plants". Mikrobiolohichnyi Zhurnal 81, n. 4 (30 luglio 2019): 118–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/microbiolj81.04.118.

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Gan, Yingying, Chengnan Li, Xinran Peng, Shuang Wu, Yuzhen Li, Jeremy P. K. Tan, Yi Yan Yang, Peiyan Yuan e Xin Ding. "Fight bacteria with bacteria: Bacterial membrane vesicles as vaccines and delivery nanocarriers against bacterial infections". Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine 35 (luglio 2021): 102398. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2021.102398.

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Gasol, Josep M., Ulla Li Zweifel, Francesc Peters, Jed A. Fuhrman e Åke Hagström. "Significance of Size and Nucleic Acid Content Heterogeneity as Measured by Flow Cytometry in Natural Planktonic Bacteria". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65, n. 10 (1 ottobre 1999): 4475–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.65.10.4475-4483.1999.

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ABSTRACT Total bacterial abundances estimated with different epifluorescence microscopy methods (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole [DAPI], SYBR Green, and Live/Dead) and with flow cytometry (Syto13) showed good correspondence throughout two microcosm experiments with coastal Mediterranean water. In the Syto13-stained samples we could differentiate bacteria with apparent high DNA (HDNA) content and bacteria with apparent low DNA (LDNA) content. HDNA bacteria, “live” bacteria (determined as such with the Molecular Probes Live/Dead BacLight bacterial viability kit), and nucleoid-containing bacteria (NuCC) comprised similar fractions of the total bacterial community. Similarly, LDNA bacteria and “dead” bacteria (determined with the kit) comprised a similar fraction of the total bacterial community in one of the experiments. The rates of change of each type of bacteria during the microcosm experiments were also positively correlated between methods. In various experiments where predator pressure on bacteria had been reduced, we detected growth of the HDNA bacteria without concomitant growth of the LDNA bacteria, such that the percentage contribution of HDNA bacteria to total bacterial numbers (%HDNA) increased. This indicates that the HDNA bacteria are the dynamic members of the bacterial assemblage. Given how quickly and easily the numbers of HDNA and LDNA bacteria can be obtained, and given the similarity to the numbers of “live” cells and NuCC, the %HDNA is suggested as a reference value for the percentage of actively growing bacteria in marine planktonic environments.

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Souza, V., e L. E. Eguiarte. "Bacteria gone native vs. bacteria gone awry?: Plasmidic transfer and bacterial evolution". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 94, n. 11 (27 maggio 1997): 5501–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.94.11.5501.

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Mert, Duygu, Sabahat Ceken, Gulsen Iskender, Dicle Iskender, Alparslan Merdin, Fazilet Duygu, Mustafa Ertek e Fevzi Altuntas. "Epidemiology and mortality in bacterial bloodstream infections in patients with hematologic malignancies". Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 13, n. 08 (31 agosto 2019): 727–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.11457.

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Introduction: Patients with hematological malignancies, who are in the high risk group for infectious complications and bacterial bloodstream infections. The aim of the study evaluated epidemiology and mortality in bacterial bloodstream infections in patients with hematologic malignancies. In addition to determine the risk factors, changes in the distribution and frequency of isolated bacterias. Methodology: In this retrospective study. There were investigated data from 266 patients with hematological malignancies and bacterial bloodstream infections who were hospitalized between the dates 01/01/2012 and 12/31/2017. Results: There were 305 blood and catheter cultures in febrile neutropenia attacks in total. In these total attacks, primary bloodstream infections were 166 and catheter-related bloodstream infections were 139. In blood cultures; Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria were detected in 58,0% and 22,9% of the samples, respectively. 52,4% of the cultured Gram-negative bacterias were extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL). Carbapenemase positive culture rate was 17,2% in Gram-negative bacteria cultures. Staphylococcus epidermidis was found in 38,4% of the Gram-positive bacteria cultures. In Gram-positive bacteria; methicillin resistance were detected in 82,2% of the samples. There was a statistically significant relationship between bloodstream infection and disease status. 60 patients with primary bloodstream infections were newly diagnosed. Conclusions: In patients with hematological malignancies, certain factors in the bloodstream infections increase the mortality rate. With the correction of these factors, the mortality rate in these patients can be reduced. The classification of such risk factors may be an important strategy to improve clinical decision making in high-risk patients, such as patients with hematological malignancies.

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Venkatesan, Nandakumar, Govindaraj Perumal e Mukesh Doble. "Bacterial resistance in biofilm-associated bacteria". Future Microbiology 10, n. 11 (novembre 2015): 1743–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/fmb.15.69.

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Manhart, Lisa E., Christine M. Khosropour, Congzhu Liu, Catherine W. Gillespie, Kevin Depner, Tina Fiedler, Jeanne M. Marrazzo e David N. Fredricks. "Bacterial Vaginosis–Associated Bacteria in Men". Sexually Transmitted Diseases 40, n. 12 (dicembre 2013): 944–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/olq.0000000000000054.

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Tesi sul tema "Bacteria"

Chen, Fei [Verfasser]. "Light-controlled bacteria-surface and bacteria-bacteria adhesions / Fei Chen". Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1224895649/34.

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de, Klerk Nele. "Host-bacteria interactions : Host cell responses and bacterial pathogenesis". Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för molekylär biovetenskap, Wenner-Grens institut, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-126425.

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Helicobacter pylori colonizes the human stomach, where it causes gastritis that may develop into peptic ulcer disease or cancer when left untreated. Neisseria gonorrhoeae colonizes the urogenital tract and causes the sexually transmitted disease gonorrhea. In contrast, Lactobacillus species are part of the human microbiota, which is the resident microbial community, and are considered to be beneficial for health. The first host cell types that bacteria encounter when they enter the body are epithelial cells, which form the border between the inside and the outside, and macrophages, which are immune cells that engulf unwanted material. The focus of this thesis has been the interaction between the host and bacteria, aiming to increase our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms that underlie the host responses and their effects on bacterial pathogenicity. Understanding the interactions between bacteria and the host will hopefully enable the development of new strategies for the treatment of infectious disease. In paper I, we investigated the effect of N. gonorrhoeae on the growth factor amphiregulin in cervical epithelial cells and found that the processing and release of amphiregulin changes upon infection. In paper II, we examined the expression of the transcription factor early growth response-1 (EGR1) in epithelial cells during bacterial colonization. We demonstrated that EGR1 is rapidly upregulated by many different bacteria. This upregulation is independent of the pathogenicity, Gram-staining type and level of adherence of the bacteria, but generally requires viable bacteria and contact with the host cell. The induction of EGR1 is mediated primarily by signaling through EGFR, ERK1/2 and β1-integrins. In paper III, we described the interactions of the uncharacterized protein JHP0290, which is secreted by H. pylori, with host cells. JHP0290 is able to bind to several cell types and induces apoptosis and TNF release in macrophages. For both of these responses, signaling through Src family kinases and ERK is essential. Apoptosis is partially mediated by TNF release. Finally, in paper IV, we showed that certain Lactobacillus strains can reduce the colonization of H. pylori on gastric epithelial cells. Lactobacilli decrease the gene expression of SabA and thereby inhibit the binding mediated by this adhesin.

At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Manuscript. Paper 4: Manuscript.

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Maldonado, Vázquez Jesús Manuel. "Interferometric biosensors for rapid identification of nosocomial infections". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/403761.

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Esta tesis doctoral se centra en el desarrollo de un nuevo biosensor óptico como una técnica alternativa para la identificación de infecciones nosocomiales con el fin de determinar el tratamiento más eficaz y reducir el uso inespecífico de fármacos antimicrobianos de amplio espectro. Proponemos el uso de un nuevo sensor nanofótonico basado en un dispositivo interferométrico, el biosensor de guías de onda bimodales (BiMW) para un análisis rápido, específico, directo y altamente sensible de los diferentes patógenos asociados a infecciones nosocomiales y su resistencia a múltiples fármacos. En primer lugar, se evaluaron y optimizaron diferentes estrategias de biofuncionalización para conseguir una inmovilización eficiente de los elementos de bioreconocimiento que aseguran una detección bacteriana altamente sensible con suficiente selectividad y reproducibilidad, particularmente para la detección directa en matrices complejas tales como orina y líquido ascítico. Posteriormente, las estrategias optimizadas se utilizaron para la identificación de diversos patógenos nosocomiales como Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli y Pseudomonas aeruginosa utilizando anticuerpos como elementos de bioreconocimiento. La detección de Escherichia coli se realizó en una matriz compleja como es el líquido ascítico humano. Finalmente, el biosensor BiMW se empleó para identificar bacterias resistentes a múltiples fármacos como: i) la identificación de Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina (MRSA) usando un aptámero, que es capaz de discriminar entre un Staphylococcus susceptible a antibióticos y un Staphylococcus multirresistente y (ii) la detección ultra sensible de genes de E. coli resistentes a múltiples fármacos, sin la necesidad de una previa amplificación por PCR. En general, esta tesis aprovecha los conocimientos en biosensores fotónicos y en métodos bioanalíticos de nuestro Grupo de investigación para desarrollar una poderosa herramienta que permita la identificación directa y efectiva de patógenos nosocomiales y su resistencia a antibióticos.
This doctoral Thesis is focusing on the development of a novel optical biosensor as an alternative technique for the identification of nosocomial infections in a faster way. This new tool will also facilitate the finding of the most effective treatment for each patient, reduce the nonspecific use of broad-spectrum antimicrobial drugs, and facilitate new antibiotic treatments. We propose the use of a novel nanophotonic sensor based on an interferometric transducer device, the Bimodal Waveguide device (BiMW) for the rapid, specific, highly sensitive and direct analysis of different pathogens associated to nosocomial infections and their multidrug resistant. First, we assessed and optimized different biofunctionalization strategies for an efficient immobilization of the required biorecognition receptors, which ensure a highly sensitive bacterial detection with enough selectivity and reproducibility, particularly suitable for the direct detection in complex matrices, such as urine and ascitic fluid. The optimized strategies were employed for the identification of various nosocomial pathogens such as Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using antibodies as biorecognition elements. The detection of Escherichia coli was done in human ascitic fluid. Finally, the BiMW biosensor was employed to identify the multidrug-resistant bacteria such as: i) the identification of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) using a specific aptamer, which is able to discriminate among a susceptible one to antibiotic and a multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus, and (ii) the ultra-sensitive detection of multidrug-resistant E. coli genes without PCR amplification. This Thesis takes advantage of the knowledge in photonics biosensors and bioanalytical methods in our Group in order to develop a powerful tool for the direct and effective identification of nosocomial pathogens and their antibiotic-resistance in a rapid and label-free scheme.

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Lawlor, Kirsten. "Distribution of bacteria and bacterial plasmids in lake water sediments". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240596.

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Habeeb, Fatema. "Bacteria-cytokines interactions : effect of normal bacterial flora of pathogenic bacteria on pro-inflammatory cytokines production in human blood". Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.501921.

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Kim, Min Jun. "Bacterial flows : mixing and pumping in microfluidic systems using flagellated bacteria /". View online version; access limited to Brown University users, 2005. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3174627.

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Wood, Ryan. "Bacteria in Blood: Optimized Recovery of Bacterial DNA for Rapid Identification". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2020. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8147.

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Blood stream infections are challenging infections to rapidly diagnose. The current clinical diagnostic methods for blood stream infections require culturing the blood sample prior to identifying the bacteria and any resistance the bacteria may contain. Removing the culturing step from the bacterial identification process of a blood stream infection provides a significant reduction in the processing time. However, eliminating the culturing step shifts the difficulty from processing time to concentration, since clinical concentration levels can be as low as 10 CFU/mL in blood. This dissertation developed and evaluated many aspects of the process required to identify bacteria from a blood stream infection without culturing the bacteria. Two new methods of separating the bacteria from the blood cells were developed: inducing clotting using a centrifugal-sedimentation on a hollow disk, and filtering whole blood. Inducing clotting achieved 69\% bacterial recovery from 7 mLs of whole blood in 117 s. Filtering whole blood achieved 100\% bacterial removal from 5 mLs of whole blood in $\approx 90$ s, but the bacteria were difficult to remove from the filter. Bacterial removal from the filter after blood filtration was also investigated. At a very low bacterial concentration of 200 CFU/mL, a blood lysis solution of 3\% Tween 80 followed by a 3\% Pluronic F108 backflush solution achieved 60\% removal of the bacteria from the filter. In addition to developing two new methods, a previously developed technique using centrifugal-sedimentation on a hollow disk underwent a stability analysis in order to decrease the occurrence of mixing. This analysis yielded the development of the analytical solution to the Navier-Stokes equations for a two-fluid flow with a moving wall boundary and a free surface. The analysis also experimentally identified a stability boundary that was found to be in good agreement with the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability model. After exploring the methods to recover bacteria from blood, experiments were performed to identify a bacterial lysing solution that could lyse \textit{E. coli}, \textit{E. cloacae} and \textit{K. pneumoniae} bacteria. The best bacterial lysing solution consisted of incubating the bacteria with 1 mg/mL lysozyme for 10 min followed by the addition of 6 M GHCl and 1\% SDS. This solution obtained a 46\% DNA recovery. The DNA were then fragmented by ultrasound to reduce the segment length for DNA labelling. In addition to lysing and fragmenting the DNA, a microfluidic device was prototyped and tested for incorporating the lysing, capturing, releasing, and fragmenting of the DNA all on a single device. Whole experiments were performed which extracted the bacteria from the blood, removed and collected the DNA from the bacteria, and fragmented the DNA. The best overall recovery from an experiment performing the whole process was 26.8\%. The 26.8\% recovery was achieved with a 68\% recovery of the bacteria from spinning and a 54.1\% removal of bacteria from off of the filter and a 72.9\% recovery of the DNA from the bacteria.

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Adebayo, Olajumoke O. "Evaluation of bacterial polymers as protective agents for sensitive probiotic bacteria". Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/621096.

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Probiotics are live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer one or more health benefits on the host. Different processing conditions, the acidic condition of the stomach and exposure to hydrolytic enzymes affect the viability and efficacy of probiotic organisms. This study investigated the protective effects of two biopolymers poly-gamma-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) and bacterial cellulose (BC) on probiotics during freeze drying and during exposure to simulated intestinal juices and bile salts. The antibacterial property of Bifidobacterium strains was also investigated against four pathogenic bacteria. γ-PGA, a naturally occurring biopolymer was produced by two bacteria (Bacillus subtilis ATCC 15245 and B. licheniformis ATCC 9945a) in GS and E media, γ-PGA yields of about 14.11g/l were achieved in shake flasks and molecular weight of up to 1620 k Da was recorded, γ-PGA production was scaled up in a fermenter with B. subtilis using GS medium. BC, an edible biopolymer was produced by Gluconacetobacter xylinus ATCC 23770 in HS medium and a modified HS (MHS) medium. A yield of about 1.37g/l was recorded and BC production with MHS medium was used for probiotic application. B. longum NCIMB 8809 B. breve NCIMB 8807 and B. animalis NCIMB 702716 showed the best antimicrobial properties against the investigated pathogens. Survival of Bifidobacterium strains was improved when protected with powdered BC (PBC) although γ-PGA offered better protection than PBC. Viability of B. longum NCIMB 8809, B. breve NCIMB 8807 and B. animalis NCIMB 702716 in simulated gastric juice (SGJ) and simulated intestinal juice with bile salts was improved when protected with 5% γ-PGA and 5% γ-PGA+PBC with a reduction of < 1 Log CFU/ml while a reduction of ≤2 Log CFU/ml was recorded in PBC protected cells. Protecting Bifidobacterium strains with γ-PGA, PBC or a novel γ-PGA + PBC combination is a promising method to deliver probiotic bacteria to the target site in order to confer their health benefits on the host.

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Hughes, Roxana Bejarano. "Distribution of a Novel Gram Negative, Capsule-Forming Bacterium". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1997. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500729/.

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A novel Gram negative, capsule-forming bacterium was previously isolated in Dr. G. Roland Vela's laboratory. The distribution of this bacterium in soils from various locations was investigated. Soil samples from 188 locations around the world were examined. Isolates of the bacterium were obtained from 50 of these soils, with 48 of the isolates found in soils from the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. This suggests that this region is the natural habitat of the bacterium. The other two isolates were obtained from Madrid, Spain and Taipei, Taiwan. None were found in soils from South America or Australia. A lack of variation in morphology and physiological properties in the isolates suggests that a homogeneous population exists, even from widespread geographical locations.

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Song, Yanqing. "Microfluidic devices for bacteria study and bacteria-based sensing". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2017. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8577/.

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Environmental pollutants pose great risks and adverse effects to humans and therefore arouse global environmental concern. Bacterial sensors capable of assessing the bioavailability and toxicity of pollutants show great advantages in environmental sensing. This project aims at developing a bioluminescent bacteria-based microfluidic sensor for online monitoring of environmental contaminants and toxicity. Microfluidic devices immobilised with Acinetobacter sp. ADP1_lux cells as a model strain have been developed for quantitative bioassays. Three microfluidic devices were developed and tested in order to trap and culture a monolayer of bacterial cells. The terrace device is capable of trapping a monolayer of cells in a chamber for tracking single-cell growth and response. This device utilises a barrier channel lower than the cell diameter. Two flow channels can be used to load bacterial cells, deliver fresh media and inducers and wash away overgrown cells. The device was used to measure the bioluminescence induction of ADP1_lux cells and its capability to track individual cell growth was demonstrated with E.coli cells. Since bioluminescence signals from a monolayer of ADP1_lux cells were too weak to be detected after 2 h induction by 200 µM salicylate, a microwell device was developed to concentrate cells in individual microwells for population-based analysis. Cell loading procedures, dimensions of wells, carbon sources and on-chip cultures that affect bioluminescence light intensities were investigated. This device succeeded in detecting 200 µM salicylate within 1 h. However, long-term cell culture revealed that ADP1_lux cells tend to form biofilms. Cell populations in individual wells varied greatly, making quantification impossible. Therefore, this device is only suitable for rapid detection of high concentrations of contaminants if biofilm forming bacteria cells are used as biosensors. In contrast, in the case of non-adherent cells such as E.coli, a uniform population distribution in each well was achieved after 2-day culture, suggesting this method is applicable to perform long term, quantitative bioassays using suitable, non-adherent cells. To be able to detect low concentrations of contaminants and overcome potential biofilm formation, a new population array device was developed as a proof of concept to control and isolate cell populations. It consists of a network of microfluidic channels and an array of microchambers. The device was characterised with fluorescent dyes and its capability to perform quantitative bioluminescence assays was evaluated by detecting a range of concentrations of salicylate solutions (from 10 µM to 50 µM salicylate) using ADP1_lux cells. A linear correlation between bioluminescence intensities and salicylate concentrations was successfully established within 90 min induction. It is worth noting that the population array device is the first demonstration of bioluminescence detection at the length scale of microns. Therefore, it has potential to perform multiplex detection within a small footprint where different types of whole cell biosensors can be employed simultaneously. To this end, a logarithmic serial dilution device was also developed to enable quantitative, multiplex bioassays to be conducted in the same device. This integrated dilution and population device provides a powerful tool for rapid quantification of multiple contaminants simultaneously in a sample.

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Più fonti

Libri sul tema "Bacteria"

C, Crabbe M. James, a cura di. Bacteria and anti-bacterical agents. Oxford: Spektrum, 1996.

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Ernst, Joel D., e Olle Stendahl, a cura di. Phagocytosis of Bacteria and Bacterial Pathogenicity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511541513.

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D, Ernst Joel, e Stendahl Olle, a cura di. Phagocytosis of bacteria and bacterial pathogenicity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006.

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J, Dring G., Gould G. W, Ellar D. J, Federation of European Microbiological Societies., Society for Applied Bacteriology e International Symposium on "Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Bacterial Spores" (1982 : University of Cambridge), a cura di. Fundamental and applied aspects of bacterial spores. London: Academic Press, 1985.

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Wassenaar, Trudy M. Bacteria. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118143391.

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Friedman, B. Ellen. Bacteria. Mankato, Minn: Creative Education, 1997.

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Margery, Facklam, a cura di. Bacteria. New York: Twenty-First Century Books, 1994.

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1935-, Hill L. R., e Kirsop B. E, a cura di. Bacteria. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1991.

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S, Gnanamanickam S., a cura di. Plant-associated bacteria. Dordrecht: Springer, 2006.

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de, Reuse Hilde, e Bereswill Stefan, a cura di. Microbial pathogenomics. Basel: Karger, 2009.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Bacteria"

Malinowska, Agnes. "Bacteria". In Microbium, 31–45. Earth, Milky Way: punctum books, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53288/0396.1.04.

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Bacteria have played a truly outsized role in the evolutionary story of life on earth, and they continue to be crucial to sustaining organisms and ecosystems. Until recently, however, most cultural and scientific interest in bacteria has centered on defeating the nefarious “germ.” This entry focuses in particular on how public health efforts to reign in the threat of bacterial disease in the US around 1900 aligned with the aspirations of a hegemonic Anglo-American culture to control and suppress marginalized groups like immigrants and racial others, easy scapegoats for disease. At the same time, British settler colonialism and, eventually, US government policy catalyzed devastating epidemics amongst Indigenous populations from the colonial period into the twentieth century, such as the tuberculosis crisis in Native health. While bacterial disease has been largely divisive in the US, bacteria themselves can encourage humans to think in terms of cooperation and alliance, rather than the strict enforcement of borders. Both symbiosis—bacteria’s preferred social relation—and binary fission—bacterial reproduction—suggest a radical form of sociality that permeates, ruptures, and transforms “individuals” constantly, so that the one always slips into the collective.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Bacterium (Plur. Bacteria)". In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_947.

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Christensen, Henrik, e Werner Nicklas. "Bacteria and Bacterial Diagnostics". In Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, 175–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-59103-7_10.

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Paterson, Jamie, Martín López-García, Joseph Gillard, Thomas R. Laws, Grant Lythe e Carmen Molina-París. "Analysis of Single Bacterium Dynamics in a Stochastic Model of Toxin-Producing Bacteria". In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 210–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91825-5_13.

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AbstractWe stochastically model two bacterial populations which can produce toxins. We propose to analyse this biological system by following the dynamics of a single bacterium during its lifetime, as well as its progeny. We study the lifespan of a single bacterium, the number of divisions that this bacterium undergoes, and the number of toxin molecules that it produces during its lifetime. We also compute the mean number of bacteria in the genealogy of the original bacterium and the number of toxin molecules produced by its genealogy. We illustrate the applicability of our methods by considering the bacteria Bacillus anthracis and antibiotic treatment, making use of in vitro experimental data. We quantify, for the first time, bacterial toxin production by exploiting an in vitro assay for the A16R strain, and make use of the resulting parameterised model to illustrate our techniques.

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Gómez-Gutiérrez, Jaime, So Kawaguchi e José Raúl Morales-Ávila. "Bacteria". In Global Diversity and Ecological Function of Parasites of Euphausiids, 43–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41055-5_4.

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Chandrasekar, Pranatharthi H., e George Alangaden. "Bacteria". In Managing Infections in Patients With Hematological Malignancies, 71–112. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-415-5_3.

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Rodriguez-Valera, Francisco. "Bacteria". In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 137–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11274-4_143.

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Brack, Manfred. "Bacteria". In Agents Transmissible from Simians to Man, 99–249. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71911-0_3.

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Jackson, Trevor A., Colin Berry e Maureen O'Callaghan. "Bacteria". In Ecology of Invertebrate Diseases, 287–326. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119256106.ch8.

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Lucas, George B., C. Lee Campbell e Leon T. Lucas. "Bacteria". In Introduction to Plant Diseases, 259–65. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7294-7_15.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Bacteria"

Samoilova, Anna. "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6551-0955". In Scientific International Symposium “Advanced Biotechnologies - Achievements and Prospects” (VIth Edition), 217–19. Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/abap6.2022.73.

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Bacterium Pseudomonas syringae van Hall and its pathovars was placed on the top of the ten most important plant pathogens list due to the huge importance for the science and economics [Mansﬁeld et al, 2012]. At present it is known about 60 pathovars of the bacterium Pseudomonas syringae van Hall. The causative agent of bacterial canker disease, bacterium Ps. syringae pv. syringae, is one of the most economically signiﬁcant Ps. syringae pathovars which aﬀects about 180 plant species. The bacterial pathogen can substantially reduce the yield of economically important cultures such as pear, apple and quince. Relatively low temperatures and high humidity are favorable for bacteria Ps. syringae pv. syringae growth [Pinheiro et al., 2019]. That is why, the phytopathogen may cause the most serious damage in spring during budding stage of plant vegetation. For to combat bacterial canker agrotechnical, chemical and biological control measures are used. Fungi of the genus Trichoderma as well as bacteria Bacillus subtilis are used as biolo-gical control agents for the bacterial canker disease. The preparation “Pentafag”, elaborated in the Republic of Belarus on the basis of ﬁve bacterial viruses strains, bacteriophages, has shown high eﬃcacy in the disease suppressing. Bacteriophages are widely spread and can be detected in the targeted bacteria natural environment. Furthermore, bacteriophages can regulate themselves in the sites of infection, depending of the bacterial population density. Being highly specialized bacterial parasites bac-teriophages, can be applied against antibiotic resistant pathogenic bacteria or when chemical control measures are forbidden, for example, during plants bloom stage. For the moment it is known that bacteriophages from the families, Podoviridae, Myoviridae и Siphoviridae infect Ps. syringae pv. syringae bacteria [Pinheiro et al. 2019, Rabiey et al. 2020]. The aim of the study was to investigate the ability of Ps. syringae pv. syringae bacterio-phage isolate, which we detected in the quince tissues aﬀected with bacterial canker, to inhibit bacteria Ps. syringae pv. syringae growth in the cut quince shoots.

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Martel, Sylvain, Mahmood Mohammadi e Nisryn Mokrani. "Switching Between Magnetic or Oxigen Sensory Input for the MC-1 Flagellated Bacteria to be Used for Controlling the Motion of Swarms of Bacterial Microscale Nanorobots". In ASME 2010 First Global Congress on NanoEngineering for Medicine and Biology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nemb2010-13302.

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Our previous studies have shown that the flagellated nanomotors combined with the nanometer-sized chain of magnetosomes of a single Magnetotactic Bacterium (MTB) can be used as an effective integrated propulsion and steering system for microscale nanorobots. In this case, magnetotaxis has been exploited to control the swimming direction of the flagellated bacteria. This was done by inducing a directional torque on the chain of magnetosomes embedded in each bacterial cell. This approach allowed us to control swarms of flagellated bacteria of type MC-1 to accomplish relatively complex computer coordinated tasks such as micro-assemblies and drug deliveries, to name but only two examples. But the motion of each cell can also be influenced by other sensory means besides magnetotaxis, and includes chemotaxis, phototaxis, and aerotaxis. Here we show examples of MC-1 flagellated bacteria being controlled by magnetotaxis or aerotaxis. It is then demonstrated that these flagellated bacteria can not only provide an effective propulsion and steering system for future bio-nanorobots but also various sensory means capable of influencing their motions and swarm formations.

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Ibrahim, Mohd Danial, Alyssa Asong Ananthan, Dayang Salyani Abang Mahmod, Awang Ahmad Sallehin Awang Husaini, Ngieng Ngui Sing, Shunsuke Nakano, Yuta Sunami e Pierre Barroy. "Antibacterial Properties of Snakeskin Inspired PDMS Surfaces Layered With Poly-DL-lactic Acid Nanosheet". In ASME 2023 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2023-111176.

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Abstract The increment of sterilization resistant bacteria minimizes the effectiveness of disinfectants which leads researchers into studying other means in minimizing bacterial contamination on surfaces. Hence, this study plans to investigate surfaces with the ability to discourage bacterial adhesion and reduces the need for frequent sterilization. This study tested the feasibility of applying snakeskin inspired microstructures onto a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surface to reduce bacterial adhesion and increase its antibacterial properties. In theory, the microstructure of snakeskin is smaller or about the same size as a bacterium making it unfeasible for bacterial adhesion. The embeddedelastomeric stamping method was used for the biomimicry of snakeskin onto PDMS surfaces. The replicated snakeskin and controlled (no microstructure) PDMS samples were layered with Poly-DL-lactic acid (PDLLA) nanosheet of different thickness. Then, the morphology of the surfaces was observed using a scanning electron microscope. The surface of the samples was tested with Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus with compliance of the ISO 22196 standard to evaluate the antimicrobial activity. Our results revealed, surfaces with snakeskin microstructures displayed a 16% reduction in bacterial adhesion compared to flat PDMS. Whereas the presence of nanosheet does not significantly affect the adhesion of bacteria on the replicated snakeskin. These findings suggest that surfaces with the presence of snakeskin microstructures possess antibacterial property.

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Wijesekara, Anupaja, S. R. M. M. Lanka Kumari e Jagath Kasturiarachchi. "A Study on Anti bacterial Properties of Costus speciosus". In SLIIT INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCEMENTS IN SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES, 58–63. Faculty of Humanities & Sciences, SLIIT, 2024. https://doi.org/10.54389/rrmm7674.

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Anti biotic resistant bacteria have posed a serious threat to world health in recent years, forcing the investigation of alternate sources for anti bacterials. Higher plants are a key source of medicinal compounds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti bacterial properties of C. speciosus against gram-negative E. coli and gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, to explore its potential as a natural alternative to conventional anti bioti cs. Leaves, stems, and rhizomes of C. speciosus were extracted using hexane, methanol, and water as solvents with reflux, sonication and maceratio. Anti bacterial activity was assessed using the disk diffusion assay, with gentamycin as a positive control. The stem- methanolic extract showed greater inhibition against both organisms compared to hexane extracts. Stem- water extracts were effective only against S. aureus. The rhizome-methanolic extract inhibited E. coli more than S. aureus, while the hexane extract was more effective against S. aureus. The rhizome-water extract inhibited the growth of both bacterial strains. Leaf extracts demonstrated significant inhibition against E. coli but no activity against S. aureus. This study shows that C. speciosus has significant anti bacterial properties, varying with plant part, solvent, and organism. Given the rise in anti biotic- resistant bacteria, C. speciosus is a promising natural source of anti bacterial agents. Keywords: Costus speciosus; Anti bacterial Activity; Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus; Natural Anti biotics

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Bhaduri, S., S. K. Mitra e A. Kumar. "Understanding Biofilm Growth Dynamics Within a Stagnant Culture of Sporosarcina Pasteurii". In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-36778.

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Biofilms are bacterial colonies that form at interfaces, where bacteria are encased in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Biofilms are ubiquitous in both artificial systems and our environment. Here we focus on understanding biofilm growth within a stagnant pool of confined diluted culture of the bacteria. Sporosarcina pasteurii is taken as the model bacterium for this study. The motivation behind the choice of this organism stems from the fact that S. Pasteurii has the unique ability to precipitate calcite inside the host media which has tremendous applications in reservoir and restoration engineering. As the biofilm evolves with time inside the confinement, the dynamics of transport is recorded continuously by an optical microscope and the data processed digitally to gain valuable insights into the bio-physical aspects of the system.

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Malsam, Jason A., Vishard Ragoonanan, Daniel R. Bond e Alptekin Aksan. "Desiccation Response of Geobacter sulfurreducens". In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-176271.

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Geobacter sulfurreducens is an electricity producing bacteria. It is used in bacterial fuel cells, microbial-based sensors, and catalytic surfaces for bioremediation. Further development of such applications requires stabilization and preservation of the bacteria as thin films on surfaces. This research investigated G.sulfurreducens response to desiccation to explore the feasibility of room temperature preservation. Room temperature preservation involves drying and storing bacteria at ambient conditions. Dried bacteria can be revived on demand by the addition of water.

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Steager, Edward, M. Selman Sakar, U. Kei Cheang, David Casale, Vijay Kumar, George J. Pappas e Min Jun Kim. "Galvanotactic Control of Self-Powered Microstructures". In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-66647.

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We are examining microactuation techniques by employing the electrokinetic and galvanotactic behavior of certain bacteria. We cultured selected strains of swarming Serratia marcescens which were attached to microstructures using a blotting technique that creates a bacterial monolayer carpet. These bacterial carpets naturally self-coordinate to propel the microstructures. The microstructures were placed in an open channel and a voltage was applied and polarity was switched. We have demonstrated directional control of the motion of the microstructures patterned with bacteria. This mobility is due to the patterning of bacteria on the microstructure surface and arises from a combination of electrokinetic effects and galvanotaxis.

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Maltseva, S. V., A. S. Yakubovich, E. R. Gritskevitch, I. E. Buchenkov e A. G. Sysa. "ANTAGONISTIC ACTIVITY OF BACTERIA OF THE GENUS BACILLUS ISOLATED FROM SOILS UNDER PROLONGED EXPOSURE TO IONIZING RADIATION IN RELATION TO COLIMORPHOUS BACTERIA". In SAKHAROV READINGS 2022: ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2022-1-299-302.

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This paper presents the results of studies of the antagonistic activity of bacteria of the genus Bacillus (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus mycoides and Bacillus cereus) under prolonged exposure to ionizing radiation in relation to bacteria of the E. coli group. It was found that bacteria of the genus Bacillus exhibit antagonistic activity of varying degrees of severity. It was found that the bacterial strains Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus mycoides showed a high level of antagonistic activity. Low antagonistic activity was characteristic of Bacillus cereus bacteria.

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Caraba, Ion Valeriu, Marioara Nicoleta Caraba, Delia Hutanu, Elena Pet e Roxana Popescu. "EVALUATION OF THE ANTIBACTERIAL POTENTIAL OF THYMUS PULEGIOIDES EXTRACTS". In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023/6.1/s25.20.

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Increasing resistance of microorganisms to conventional drugs has required scientists to discover new sources of biocides with a broad spectrum of action. Since ancient times, plants and plant derivatives such as essential oils have been used in traditional medicine. In the present study, the ethanolic extracts of the aerial parts (leaves and stem) of Thymus pulegioides were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against some pathogenic bacteria, Gram+ bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes, respectively Gram- bacteria Escherichia coli. The antibacterial potential was tested by the bacterial cell viability test, the spectrophotometric method. The results of the performed tests indicate a different antibacterial effect depending on the type of vegetative organ from which the extract was made, the concentration tested and the bacterial strain studied. A decrease in the antibacterial potential of the extracts is identified as the concentration decreases, the effect exerted being bacteriolytic or bacteriostatic, at some concentrations the values recorded being almost non-existent. The antibacterial potential of Thymus pulegioides extracts were more evident in Gram+ bacteria compared to Gram- bacteria.

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Lithgow, K., V. Buchholz, S. Konschuh e L. Sycuro. "O02.5 Secreted Proteolytic Activity of Bacterial Vaginosis-Associated Bacteria". In Abstracts for the STI & HIV World Congress, July 14–17 2021. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2021-sti.60.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Bacteria"

Austin, Robert H. Computation by Bacteria. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, gennaio 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada535062.

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Malkin, A. Bacteria-Mineral Interactions on the Surfaces of Metal-Resistant Bacteria. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), marzo 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/974393.

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Kapulnik, Yoram, e Donald A. Phillips. Isoflavonoid Regulation of Root Bacteria. United States Department of Agriculture, gennaio 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7570561.bard.

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The overall objective of this project was to develop a conceptual framework for enhancing root colonization by beneficial bacteria. To accomplish this aim we tested the hypothesis that production and excretion of the plant phytoalexin medicarpin can be used for creation of a special niche along the legume roots, where beneficial microorganism, such as rhizobium, will have a selective advantage. On the Israeli side it was shown that higher medicarpin levels are exuded following the application of Rhizobium meliloti to the rhizosphere but the specific biochemical pathway governing medicarpin production was not induced significantly enough to support a constant production and excretion of this molecule to the rhizosphere. Furthermore, pathogenic bacteria and chemical elicitors were found to induce higher levels of this phytoalexin and it became important to test its natural abundance in field grown plants. On the US side, the occurrence of flavonoids and nucleosides in agricultural soils has been evaluated and biologically significant quantities of these molecules were identified. A more virulent Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain was isolated from alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) which forms tumors on a wide range of plant species. This isolate contains genes that increase competitive colonization abilities on roots by reducing the accumulation of alfalfa isoflavonoids in the bacterial cells. Following gene tagging efforts the US lab found that mutation in the bacterial efflux pump operons of this isolate reduced its competitive abilities. This results support our original hypothesis that detoxification activity of isoflavenoids molecules, based on bacterial gene(s), is an important selection mechanism in the rhizosphere. In addition, we focused on biotin as a regulatory element in the rhizosphere to support growth of some rhizosphere microorganisms and designed a bacterial gene construct carrying the biotin-binding protein, streptavidin. Expressing this gene in tobacco roots did not affect the biotin level but its expression in alfalfa was lethal. In conclusion, the collaborative combination of basic and applied approaches toward the understanding of rhizosphere activity yielded new knowledge related to the colonization of roots by beneficial microorganisms in the presence of biological active molecules exuded from the plant roots.

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Tsekovska, Rositsa, Roumyana Mironova e Ivan Ivanov. Protein Glycosylation in Bacteria. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, aprile 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2021.04.01.

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Burlage, R. S., T. Youngblood e D. Lamothe. Bioreporter bacteria for landmine detection. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), aprile 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/645466.

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Walsh, Marie K., Daryll B. De Wald e Bart C. Weimer. Biomimetic Sensor for Pathogenic Bacteria. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, marzo 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada387395.

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Nelson, Daniel C. Resensitizing Resistant Bacteria to Antibiotics. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, aprile 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada554271.

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Ornston, L. N. Control of Biodegradation in Bacteria. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, agosto 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada244818.

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Wilde, E. W., J. C. Radway, T. C. Hazen e P. Hermann. Immobilization of degradative bacteria in polyurethane-based foams: embedding efficiency and effect on bacterial activity. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), settembre 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/565240.

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Randall, Luke. - EU Harmonised Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) in E. coli from Retail Meats in UK (2020 - Year 6, chicken). Food Standards Agency, novembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.phi798.

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Abstract (sommario):

In accordance with European Directive 2003/99/EC on the monitoring of bacteria that can pass from animals to humans and cause disease, Member States are obliged to ensure that procedures are in place to monitor and report on the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in such bacteria. The UK continued to be subject to EU rules during the transition period up to the end of December 2020. The requirements state that 300 retail chicken meats should be tested by culture for the bacterium Escherichia coli. E. coli bacteria are a normal part of the gut flora of mammals and as such can be useful “indicators” of AMR in gut bacteria. Whilst some strains of E. coli can cause disease, most strains of E. coli do not cause observable disease in healthy animals and humans. Addressing the public health threat posed by AMR is a national strategic priority for the UK, which has led to both a 20-year vision of AMR (Opens in a new window)and a 5-year (2019 to 2024) AMR National Action Plan (NAP)

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