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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Barium"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 9 giugno 2025

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1

Reissig, Falco, Klaus Kopka, and Constantin Mamat. "Die Bedeutung des Elementes Barium in der Nuklearmedizin." Der Nuklearmediziner 44, no. 02 (June 2021): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1382-2812.

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ZusammenfassungVon Erdalkalimetallionen außer Beryllium ist bekannt, dass sie ein calcimimetisches Verhalten zeigen. Damit ist ihr Schicksal in vivo vorgezeichnet, das in einem beträchtlichen Maße durch den Einbau in Knochengewebe, welches zum Hauptteil aus Hydroxylapatit besteht, charakterisiert ist. In diesem Sinne wurde auch die Verwendung von Radionukliden dieser Elemente als Knochensucher forciert. Mit Ausnahme von Beryllium und Magnesium wurden Tierexperimente und Humananwendungen mit Radionukliden von Calcium, Strontium, Barium und Radium durchgeführt, wobei bis heute lediglich Strontium und Radium, in der Hauptsache als Therapienuklide zur palliativen Behandlung von Knochenmetastasen, Eingang in nuklearmedizinische Routineanwendungen gefunden haben. In diesem Übersichtsartikel werden die Radionuklide des Bariums vorgestellt, sowie deren Herstellung und Verwendung. Aktuelle Forschungsergebnisse mit Radionukliden des Bariums in Radiopharmazie und Nuklearmedizin werden präsentiert.

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Urade, Masaaki, and Toshihumi Shinbo. "Barium Appendicitis 1 Month After a Barium Meal." International Surgery 97, no. 4 (January 1, 2013): 296–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.9738/cc160.1.

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Abstract Because barium sulfate (BaSO4) is not harmful to the mucosa, it is widely used for gastrointestinal imaging. Barium appendicitis is a very rare complication of barium meals and barium enema. We report a case of acute appendicitis associated with retained appendiceal barium. A 47-year-old man presented with right lower abdominal pain after upper gastrointestinal imaging was performed using barium 1 month earlier. The abdominal plain roentgenogram showed an area of retained barium in the right lower quadrant. Multiplanar reconstruction of computed tomography scans showed barium retention in the appendix. Emergency appendectomy was performed. A cross section of the specimen revealed the barium mass. Barium-associated appendicitis is a very rare clinical entity but we should be cautious of this uncommon disease when we encounter barium deposits in the appendix after barium examination. This report is significant because barium was identified both macroscopically and microscopically.

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3

&NA;. "Barium." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1403 (May 2012): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-201214030-00025.

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&NA;. "Barium." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 369 (September 1991): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-199103690-00016.

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5

&NA;. "Barium." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1227 (November 2008): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200812270-00017.

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6

Willms, Ann Bagley. "Barium." American Journal of Roentgenology 179, no. 4 (October 2002): 1022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.179.4.1791022.

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&NA;. "Barium." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1257 (June 2009): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200912570-00030.

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8

&NA;. "Barium." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1326 (November 2010): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-201013260-00031.

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9

DALTON, LOUISA WRAY. "BARIUM." Chemical & Engineering News 81, no. 36 (September 8, 2003): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v081n036.p134.

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10

Grzesiak, M., A. Rafalska-Łasocha, and W. Łasocha. "Synthesis and XRPD studies of new barium dicarboxylates." Powder Diffraction 26, no. 1 (March 2011): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.3548073.

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New salts of barium with dicarboxylic acids (glutaric, adipic, pimelic, suberic, sebacic, and dodecanedioic) were synthesized and characterized by powder diffraction techniques. In addition to the basic crystallographic data and chemical analyses of barium glutarate hexahydrate {1}, barium adipate {2}, barium pimelate {3}, barium disuberate {4}, barium sebacate {5}, and barium dodecanedioate {6}, the processes of their thermal decomposition were investigated by XRPD. All the compounds decompose to barium carbonate at temperatures between 400 and 500 °C.

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11

Free, B., G. Meadows, and G. Jaafari. "Barium/barium oxide dispensation rate measurement." Applied Surface Science 24, no. 3-4 (October 1985): 460–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-4332(85)90193-x.

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12

Lewars, M. D. "Barium embolisation during barium enema examination." British Journal of Radiology 60, no. 720 (December 1987): 1236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/0007-1285-60-720-1236-a.

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13

Fowlie, S., J. R. Barton, and G. M. Fraser. "Barium embolisation during barium enema examination." British Journal of Radiology 60, no. 720 (December 1987): 1236–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/0007-1285-60-720-1236-b.

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14

Marhana, Isnin Anang, and Adhari Ajipurnomo. "Seorang Wanita Mengalami Aspirasi Barium Dengan Komplikasi Pneumonia." Jurnal Respirasi 5, no. 1 (January 30, 2019): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jr.v5-i.1.2019.5-9.

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Background. Barium aspiration is one of rare major complication of esophagography. Aspiration pneumonia occurs about 40% without clinical symptom and can cause 30% of dead. Case. A female 62 years old choked a mount of barium when swallowing barium liquid in esophagography procedure. There was ronkhi on lower left haemithorax and granuler pattern on left paracardial impressed the rest of barium in chest x-ray photo. Patient suffered symptom of infection in eight days evaluation with infiltrate and rest of barium from chest x-ray photo. Microbiology examination of bronchus lavage founded pathogen microbe Burcholderia Gladioli and Pseudomonas and containing 1,22 mg/L of barium. Discussion. Barium aspiration can occur in esophagography procedure in extreme age. Chest x-ray and Computed Tomography can be used as primer tool to diagnose and evaluate barium aspiration which imaging hiperdens pattern due to barium with high atomic number (56). Prognosis of aspiration barium can be affected by the quantity and density of barium liquid which is choked and comorbid factor in patient. Barium aspiration mixed with secrete of oropharing which containing colony of pathogen can cause penumonia as disease complication. There is still no guideline for barium aspiration management, but bronchoscopy is recommended by many clinician. Conclusion. Pneumonia occur when aspiration barium mixed with secrete oropharing which containing colony of pathogen. Chest x-ray and CT scan can be used as tool to diagnose barium aspiration. Bronchoscopy is recommended to diagnose and to manage barium aspiration. When pneumonia is suspicious, antibiotic with anaerob activity is recommended given.

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15

Luptáková, Alena, Ingrida Kotuličová, Magdaléna Bálintová, and Štefan Demčák. "Bacterial Reduction Of Barium Sulphate By Sulphate-Reducing Bacteria." Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica 14, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nbec-2015-0022.

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AbstractAcid mine drainage (AMD) is a worldwide problem leading to contamination of water sources. AMD are characterized by low pH and high content of heavy metals and sulphates. The barium salts application presents one of the methods for the sulphates removing from AMD. Barium chloride, barium hydroxide and barium sulphide are used for the sulphates precipitation in the form of barium sulphate. Because of high investment costs of barium salts, barium sulphide is recycled from barium sulphate precipitates. It can be recycled by thermic or bacterial reduction of barium sulphate. The aim of our study was to verify experimentally the possibility of the bacterial transformation of BaSO4to BaS by sulphate-reducing bacteria. Applied BaSO4came from experiments of sulphates removal from Smolnik AMD using BaCl2.

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16

Mizushima, Yasuyuki, and Makoto Hori. "Preparation of barium hexa-aluminate aerogel." Journal of Materials Research 9, no. 9 (September 1994): 2272–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1994.2272.

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Barium hexa-aluminate (BaO · 6Al2O3) aerogels were prepared using a supercritical drying method and their properties examined. A barium hexa-aluminate aerogel prepared from a double alkoxide of barium and aluminum showed a high specific surface area of 421 m2/g. Monolithic barium hexa-aluminate formed. No BaO · Al2O3 or alumina was observed, as is often the case in powder processing. The specific surface area of the monolithic barium hexa-aluminate fired at 1400 °C for 2 h was 12 m2/g, while that of the barium hexa-aluminate xerogel was only 0.8 m2/g. A barium hexa-aluminate aerogel was also prepared using barium by using a chelating agent. This aerogel showed a specific surface area of 454 m2/g as-dried. In the case of the chelating agent, BaO · Al2O3 was also detected along with barium hexa-aluminate after firing.

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17

Wan, Yang, Bo Zhang, Xing Yang, Xin Song, Guocui Li, Siqi Zhang, and Wen Ni. "The Separation and Recovery of Barium from Barium Slag by Using Shaking Table Gravity Concentration Method." Processes 13, no. 4 (March 28, 2025): 1012. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13041012.

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Barium slag, classified as HW47 hazardous waste, is produced in large quantities and has a high accumulation with heavy metal Ba ions that are significantly above the standard levels, posing a serious threat to the ecological environment and the growth of flora and fauna. Before barium slag can be stored, it must undergo harmless treatment, which is costly, and with the current large volume of accumulated barium slag, storage facilities are strained. There is an urgent need for new technologies to extract barium elements from barium slag while achieving reduction in volume. This study first treats the barium slag to reduce its oxidation state and then utilizes the density differences to separate barium-rich compounds through shaking table concentration. Macro and microanalytical methods such as XRD (X-ray diffraction), XRF (X-ray fluorescence), and SEM&EDS (Scanning Electron Microscopy & Energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy) were employed. The results show that barium in the slag is evenly distributed, and after sufficient crushing, it can be separated by gravity concentration. The barium content can be enriched from 20% to over 80%. This research provides theoretical support for the separation of barium compounds from barium slag.

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18

Melánová, Klára, Ludvík Beneš, Jan Svoboda, Vítězslav Zima, Milan Vlček, and Miroslava Trchová. "Synthesis and characterization of new barium methylphosphonates." Dalton Transactions 46, no. 16 (2017): 5363–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7dt00492c.

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Altogether eight new barium methylphosphonates and barium hydrogen methylphosphonates were prepared and it was shown how conversion of barium hydrogen methylphosphonate to barium methylphosphonate and vice versa can proceed.

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19

Grishina, Anna Nikolaevna, Evgeniy Valerjevich Korolev, and Anton Borisovich Satyukov. "Radiation-Protective Composite Binder Extended with Barium Hydrosilicates." Advanced Materials Research 1040 (September 2014): 351–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1040.351.

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Radiation safety of the rooms with X-ray sources often achieved by means of creating protective coatings. Such coatings are made of special mortar containing barite. There is the alternative for barite – barium hydrosilicates. It is advisable to synthesize barium hydrosilicates from available components – sodium hydrosilicates and soluble salts of barium. To improve the effectiveness of the protective coatings the composition and technology of the shielding material is recommended. In this work the synthesis was carried out by means of precipitation the barium hydrosilicates from solution of sodium hydrosilicates and barium chloride. It is found that composition of the synthesized product obtained by precipitation of sodium hydrosilicates with barium chloride contains barium hydrosilicates, barium carbonate and silicic acid. This is due to technological processes: intensive mixing of solutions leads to air entrapment. The properties of the composite binder made of portland cement and barium hydrosilicates are examined. It is shown that optimal composition for X-ray-protective binder comprises 20-30% of barium hydrosilicates synthesized with precipitant amount close to stoichiometric.

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20

TAYLOR, DONNA B., and PAUL YOONG. "Non Fatal Barium Intravasation During Barium Enema." Australasian Radiology 34, no. 2 (May 1990): 165–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1673.1990.tb02835.x.

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21

Wan, Yang, Zhou Chen, Xiaohui Cao, Xin Song, Yu Zhan, Chunting Ma, Siqi Zhang, and Wen Ni. "Research on the Harmless Treatment of Barium Slag Using Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum." Processes 13, no. 1 (December 30, 2024): 55. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13010055.

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This study proposes an innovative method for the harmless treatment of barium slag using the industrial by-product Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum. Barium slag is a by-product of the barium carbonate production process, and due to its high content of barium ions and corrosive properties, it poses a significant threat to the environment and human health. It is classified as barium-containing hazardous waste (code HW47) in China. In this study, barium slag was optimally combined with FGD gypsum, utilizing a synergistic precipitation mechanism to solidify the easily leachable barium ions and form stable sulfate minerals. Mechanical and heavy metal leaching tests showed that the harmlessly treated barium slag had a certain compressive strength, and the concentration of barium ions in the leachate was below the national hazardous waste identification standards (100 mg/L) and the drinking water quality standards (0.7 mg/L). Microstructural analysis using X-ray diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy indicated that FGD gypsum promotes the solidification of barium slag, and through the synergistic precipitation mechanism, low-solubility barium sulfate minerals are formed. This treatment method also has a low cost and good potential for resource utilization, providing effective technical support for the green treatment of industrial waste.

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22

Malyshkina, Olga V., Gregory S. Shishkov, Andrey A. Martyanov, and Alexandra I. Ivanova. "Effect of sintering temperature on dielectric properties of barium titanate ceramics and composite." Modern Electronic Materials 6, no. 4 (December 30, 2020): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/j.moem.6.4.65576.

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The structure and dielectric properties of barium titanate ceramics samples sintered at 1100, 1150, 1200, 1250 and 1350 °C have been compared with the dielectric properties of 80 vol.% barium titanate + 20 vol.% barium ferrite composite samples sintered at 1150, 1200 and 1250 °C. It has been shown that polarization sufficient for existence of the piezoelectric effect is only achieved in barium titanate samples sintered at 1250 and 1350 °C. Furthermore the pyroelectric coefficient and reversal polarization of these samples are far higher than those of samples sintered at lower temperatures. Analysis of the sample structures has confirmed that the dielectric properties of barium titanate ceramics depend on grain size and therefore on sintering temperature. Based on the experimental results we have selected the optimum sintering temperature for 80 vol.% barium titanate + 20 vol.% barium ferrite composite to be 1250 °С. Further increase in sintering temperature to 1300 °C showed that this composite has a eutectic. The temperature dependence of the permittivity of the barium titanate / barium ferrite composite sintered at 1250 °С is similar to that of BaTiO3 ceramics samples sintered at 1350 °С. The room temperature permittivity of the composite samples also proves to be far higher than that of barium titanate ceramics samples sintered at the same temperatures. Barium ferrite addition to barium titanate increases the permittivity of the composite and also diffuses the ferroelectric phase transition and shifts the permittivity maximum temperature by 10 °C towards higher temperatures.

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23

Malyshkina, Olga V., Gregory S. Shishkov, Andrey A. Martyanov, and Alexandra I. Ivanova. "Effect of sintering temperature on dielectric properties of barium titanate ceramics and composite." Modern Electronic Materials 6, no. (4) (December 30, 2020): 141–46. https://doi.org/10.3897/j.moem.6.4.65576.

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Abstract (sommario):

The structure and dielectric properties of barium titanate ceramics samples sintered at 1100, 1150, 1200, 1250 and 1350 °C have been compared with the dielectric properties of 80 vol.% barium titanate + 20 vol.% barium ferrite composite samples sintered at 1150, 1200 and 1250 °C. It has been shown that polarization sufficient for existence of the piezoelectric effect is only achieved in barium titanate samples sintered at 1250 and 1350 °C. Furthermore the pyroelectric coefficient and reversal polarization of these samples are far higher than those of samples sintered at lower temperatures. Analysis of the sample structures has confirmed that the dielectric properties of barium titanate ceramics depend on grain size and therefore on sintering temperature. Based on the experimental results we have selected the optimum sintering temperature for 80 vol.% barium titanate + 20 vol.% barium ferrite composite to be 1250 °С. Further increase in sintering temperature to 1300 °C showed that this composite has a eutectic. The temperature dependence of the permittivity of the barium titanate / barium ferrite composite sintered at 1250 °С is similar to that of BaTiO<sub>3</sub> ceramics samples sintered at 1350 °С. The room temperature permittivity of the composite samples also proves to be far higher than that of barium titanate ceramics samples sintered at the same temperatures. Barium ferrite addition to barium titanate increases the permittivity of the composite and also diffuses the ferroelectric phase transition and shifts the permittivity maximum temperature by 10 °C towards higher temperatures.

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24

E.S, Osho, Fatukasi J.I, Oyamakinde S.O, Ogunsemoyin A.O, and Bello A.O. "Relevance of Barium Studies in an Era of Cross-Sectional Imaging in a Low Resource Economy." European Journal of Health Sciences 9, no. 1 (May 7, 2023): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/ejhs.1449.

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Purpose: The demand for barium tests has steadily decreased since the development of contemporary imaging technology, for a variety of reasons, in the current era of cancer. It is crucial to note right now that barium exams will never be unnecessary. Barium exams have largely been superseded by a number of advanced imaging modalities in recent years, including high resolution ultrasonography, endoscopy, colonoscopy, computed tomography (CT scan), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and defecography. Barium swallows still outperform endoscopy, manometry, and 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring in the assessment of motility issues, sub-mucosal lesions, and extrinsic pathology even though these diagnostic techniques are equally helpful in the evaluation of esophageal illnesses. The target is to maintain the traditional barium study method for the patient's benefit and proper care, as well as to keep it alive. The objective is to safeguard barium radiology for the high standard of patient care rather than to "save" barium exams only to maintain this technology. The main aim of this study is to review the various forms of barium studies Methodology: Relevant databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar and Embase to search for literature related to barium studies and cross sectional imaging were used for this study. Search strategy including keywords related to barium studies, cross-sectional imaging and low resource economies. This may include terms such as barium swallow, barium meal, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging. Findings: Conventional Barium examinations still have a purpose in determining the state of the mucosa, diameter of the lumen, degree, and type of obstruction even though CT and MRI have essentially superseded them. Additionally, barium offers live data on intestinal transit duration and motility. On a CT scan, these characteristics are not visible Recommendations: To prevent this modality from going extinct and ultimately harming patients, teaching institutions should encourage radiologists to become conversant with Barium studies.   

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Bleaney, B., M. J. M. Leask, R. C. C. Ward, and M. R. Wells. "Magnetic properties of barium holmium fluoride, barium erbium fluoride and barium thulium fluoride." Applied Magnetic Resonance 14, no. 2-3 (April 1998): 381–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03161903.

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Bleaney, B., M. J. M. Leask, R. C. C. Ward, and M. R. Wells. "Magnetic properties of barium holmium fluoride, barium erbium fluoride and barium thulium fluoride." Applied Magnetic Resonance 14, no. 2-3 (April 1998): 387–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03161904.

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27

Liu, Gui Fang, Run Hua Fan, Ke Lan Yan, Xu Ai Wang, Kai Sun, Chuan Bing Cheng, and Qing Hou. "Magnetic Properties and Unusual Morphologies of Barium Ferrites Prepared by Electrospinning and Sol-Gel Auto-Combustion Method." Materials Science Forum 815 (March 2015): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.815.141.

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Barium ferrite fibers and barium ferrite powders were successfully prepared respectively via Electrospinning method and sol-gel auto-combustion method by using Fe (NO3)3·9H2O, Ba (NO3)2 as one of the main raw materials. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FSEM) were used to study the phase composition and microstructure of barium ferrite. The results showed that barium ferrite fibers consist of a mixture of barium ferrite particles, the diameter of fibers is about 200 nm; barium ferrite powders prepared by sol-gel auto-combustion method were flake barium ferrite compositing of rod-like grains of less than 100 nm in size stacking disorderly. Magnetic properties were investigated by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), the results showed that the values of Mr, Ms, and Hc of barium ferrite fibers and powders are quite different due to their different morphologies.

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Virdhian, Shinta. "PENGARUH TEMPERATUR DAN WAKTU AGING PADA SINTESIS MAGNET NANO BARIUM HEKSAFERIT (BaFe12O19) TERHADAP STRUKTUR KRISTAL, MORFOLOGI DAN SIFAT MAGNETIK." Metal Indonesia 38, no. 1 (March 30, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.32423/jmi.2016.v38.1-7.

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Barium heksaferit (BaFe12O19) merupakan material yang dianggap memiliki sifat magnetik baik. Barium heksaferit juga terkenal dengan material magnet permanen kualitas tinggi, hal tersebut disebabkan barium heksaferit memiliki nilai anisotropik yang besar, temperatur Curie tinggi, magnetisasi yang realatif besar, stabilitas kimia yang baik, dan tahan terhadap korosi sehingga barium heksaferit sering digunakan sebagai bahan untuk pembuatan magnet permanen. Dalam penelitian ini telah dilakukan pembuatan magnet nano barium heksaferit menggunakan metode sol gel dengan kitosan sebagai surfaktan diikuti waktu aging dan pemanasan larutan tapioka untuk melihat pengaruhnya terhadap morfologi dan struktur kristal dan pengaruhnya pada sifat magnetik dari magnet nano barium heksaferit. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa peningkatan waktu aging dan pemanasan larutan tapioka pada suhu 450C mengakibatkan peningkatan fasa barium heksaferit dan penurunan ukuran partikel magnet nano barium heksaferit dari 211,8 nm menjadi 192,2 nm untuk waktu aging 2 jam dan 4 jam, sedangkan untuk ukuran partikel magnet nano barium heksaferit tanpa waktu aging adalah 382,5 nm. Hal yang sama juga terlihat pada peningkatan waktu aging dan pemanasan larutan tapioka pada suhu 750C dengan ukuran partikel yang lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan pemanasan larutan tapioka pada suhu 450C. Sedangkan pada hasil karakterisasi sifat magnetik menunjukkan bahwa fasa yang terbentuk dan penurunan ukuran hanya berpengaruh kecil pada perubahan sifat magnetik dari magnet nano barium heksaferit.

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Saini, Neenu, Ruby Jindal, and Archana Tripathi. "Lattice vibrations of the Ruddlesden-Popper compounds barium orthorhodate, barium orthoiridate, barium orthoplumbate, and barium orthostannate in tetragonal phase." Spectroscopy Letters 55, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 138–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00387010.2022.2030363.

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Zezulová, Anežka, Theodor Staněk, and Tomáš Opravil. "The Influence of Barium Compounds on the Formation of Portland Cement Clinker." Materials Science Forum 851 (April 2016): 116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.851.116.

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Portland clinker is thanks to its large-scale production a continuously studied topic. Clinker, or Portland cement, is used for construction purposes or for insulation and special applications. One of these special applications could be shielding of different types of radiation by making use of the content of barium ions. The present article examines the influence of barium oxide on the formation and properties of Portland clinker, which could be, by incorporation of barium ions into the system, used as a binder for buildings resistant to various types of radiation. Barium sulphate and barium carbonate were added to the raw meal in order to prepare clinkers with different content of barium oxide. The effect of barium on the formation of clinker phases was studied (by XRD – Rietveld analysis and by the microscopic point counting method), as well as the rate of alite formation under isothermal conditions. Furthermore, the ability of barium to become a part of clinker minerals was studied by SEM with EDS.

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Saeed, Ghazi Kamal. "Preparation barium titanate piezoceramic using special heat treatment." Journal of Wasit for Science and Medicine 1, no. 2 (September 30, 2022): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31185/jwsm.5.

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Using special heat treatment to melting barium carbonate (BaCO3) and titanate oxide (TiO2) to prepare piezoceramic type barium titanate (BaTiO3). Barium titanate phase was examined by means of XRD technique after melting, milling, seaving and sample preparation. The structure was perovskite . Physical properties density, capacitance and dielectric constant were measured. From barium titanate preparation we made barium titanate igniter for RBG-7 , and real two experiments done which give good results as a Yougoslavic samples.

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32

Husti, Laura, Roberto Gallino, Sara Bisterzo, Oscar Straniero, and Sergio Cristallo. "Barium Stars: Theoretical Interpretation." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 26, no. 3 (2009): 176–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/as08065.

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AbstractBarium stars are extrinsic Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars. They present the s-enhancement characteristic for AGB and post-AGB stars, but are in an earlier evolutionary stage (main sequence dwarfs, subgiants, red giants). They are believed to form in binary systems, where a more massive companion evolved faster, produced the s-elements during its AGB phase, polluted the present barium star through stellar winds and became a white dwarf. The samples of barium stars of Allen & Barbuy (2006) and of Smiljanic et al. (2007) are analysed here. Spectra of both samples were obtained at high-resolution and high S/N. We compare these observations with AGB nucleosynthesis models using different initial masses and a spread of 13C-pocket efficiencies. Once a consistent solution is found for the whole elemental distribution of abundances, a proper dilution factor is applied. This dilution is explained by the fact that the s-rich material transferred from the AGB to the nowadays observed stars is mixed with the envelope of the accretor. We also analyse the mass transfer process, and obtain the wind velocity for giants and subgiants with known orbital period. We find evidence that thermohaline mixing is acting inside main sequence dwarfs and we present a method for estimating its depth.

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33

Payen, Christine, Arnaud Dellinger, Corine Pulce, Vincent Cirimele, Vincent Carbonnel, Pascal Kintz, and Jacques Descotes. "Intoxication by large amounts of barium nitrate overcome by early massive K supplementation and oral administration of magnesium sulphate." Human & Experimental Toxicology 30, no. 1 (March 30, 2010): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327110366781.

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Suicide by ingestion of barium is exceptionally rare. Adverse health effects depend on the solubility of the barium compound. Severe hypokalemia, which generally occurs within 2 hours after ingestion, is the predominating feature of acute barium toxicity, subsequently leading to adverse effects on muscular activity and cardiac automaticity. We report one case of acute poisoning with barium nitrate, a soluble barium compound. A 75-year-old woman was hospitalized after suicidal ingestion of a burrow mole fumigant containing 12.375 g of barium nitrate. About 1 hour post-ingestion, she was only complaining of abdominal pain. The ECG recording demonstrated polymorphic ventricular premature complexes (VPCs). Laboratory data revealed profound hypokalemia (2.1 mmol/L). She made a complete and uneventful recovery after early and massive potassium supplementation combined with oral magnesium sulphate to prevent barium nitrate absorption.

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34

Chitemamwise, Shamiso Sharon, and Bornface Chinene. "Aspiration of Barium Contrast by a Geriatric Patient with Gastroparesis." Medical Journal of Zambia 49, no. 3 (August 14, 2023): 288–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.55320/mjz.49.3.358.

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Complications due to aspiration of barium contrast occur rarely during studies of the digestive tract. While lung tissue can tolerate small amounts of Barium large quantities can exceed the lung’s capacity and consequently lead to death especially, in geriatric patients. Barium contrast can affect pulmonary ventilation and perfusion function, causing dyspnoea, hypoxemia and respiratory failure. We herein report a barium swallow case in which an 82-year-old woman aspirated barium on the first swallow and was diagnosed with Gastroparesis. The history, procedure and patient management are discussed. The purpose of the case report is to add to the existing literature on aspiration cases during barium swallow studies and the outcomes after the aspiration. Furthermore, this case report also highlights a need for extra care when attending to senior patients with dysphagia during barium studies.

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35

Malyshkina, O. V., A. I. Ivanova, Gr S. Shishkov, and A. A. Martyanov. "Dependence of the dielectric properties of barium titanate ceramics and a composite based on it on the sintering temperature." Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii. Materialy Elektronnoi Tekhniki = Materials of Electronics Engineering 24, no. 1 (April 20, 2021): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/1609-3577-2021-1-40-47.

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In this paper, we compare the structure and dielectric properties of the samples of barium titanate ceramics that have been sintered at temperatures of 1100, 1150, 1200, 1250 and 1350 °C and dielectric characteristics of the samples of barium titanate (80 vol.%) — barium ferrite (20 vol.%). It is shown that only samples sintered at the temperature of 1250 and 1350 °C have polarization sufficient for the existence of the piezoelectric effect. For the same samples, the pyroelectric coefficient and reversal polarization significantly exceed those for samples sintered at lower temperatures. Analysis of the samples structure confirmed the dependence of the dielectric properties of the barium titanate ceramics on the grain size and, as a consequence, on the sintering temperature. Based on the studies carried out, the optimal temperature (1250 °С) for obtaining composite samples of barium titanate (80 vol.%) — barium ferrite (20 vol.%) was selected. The temperature dependence of the dielectric constant for the composite samples based on barium ferrite — barium titanate with a sintering temperature of 1250 °C is similar to the dependence for the BaTiO3 ceramic samples sintered at 1350 °C. At room temperatures, the permittivity of the composite samples is also significantly higher than that of the barium titanate ceramic samples obtained at the same sintering temperatures. The addition of barium ferrite to the barium titanate not only increased the permittivity of the composite, but also led to a diffusing of the ferroelectric phase transition and a shift in the temperature of the maximum of the dielectric constant by 10 degrees towards high temperatures.

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36

Davies, T. J., M. Biedermann, Q.-G. Chen, H. G. Emblem, and W. A. Al-Douri. "Refractory oxides containing aluminium and barium." Cerâmica 44, no. 289 (October 1998): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0366-69131998000500005.

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Abstract (sommario):

Oxides containing aluminium and barium, optionally with chromium, are refractory with several possible industrial uses. A gel precursor of an oxide having the formula BaO.n(Al2xCr2yO3), where 1<n<6.6, (x+y)=1 and 0<y<0.5 was prepared by mixing a solution of a barium salt with a solution of an aluminium salt or a solution of an aluminium salt and a chromium III salt, then forming a gel which was fired to obtain the desired oxide. Filaments may be drawn as the gel is forming or extruded from a semi-rigid gel. FT-lR, XRD and 27Al NMR studies showed that barium is not incorporated directly into the gel structure. Barium aluminium oxides were obtained only after liquefaction of barium species. A powder mixture suitable for firing to an oxide of the formula BaO.m [Al2xCr2y O3] where 4.6<m<6.6, (x+y)=1 and 0<y<0.5 was prepared from source materials barium hydroxide, barium oxide, barium carbonate and barium mono-aluminate, alumina and/or a hydrated alumina and chromium III oxide, the relative amounts being varied to give the desired values of m and y on firing. A preferred oxide has the formula BaO.6Al2O3 (m=6 and y=0). Strong ceramic shapes have been prepared from this. XRD studies of oxide compositions (n or m=6 and y=0) sintered at high temperature showed that barium mono-aluminate is a low-temperature intermediate phase. Chromium III reduces the temperature required to form a barium aluminium oxide. Previously published work is summarised.

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37

Hayati, Rahmatil, Arif Budiman, and Dwi Puryanti. "Karakterisasi Suseptibilitas Magnet Barium Ferit yang Disintesis dari Pasir Besi dan Barium Karbonat Menggunakan Metode Metalurgi Serbuk." Jurnal Fisika Unand 5, no. 2 (April 1, 2016): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jfu.5.2.187-192.2016.

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Abstract (sommario):

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang karakterisasi suseptibiltas magnet barium ferit yang disintesis dari pasir besi dan barium karbonat menggunakan metode metalurgi serbuk. Pasir besi diperoleh dari Sungai Sukam, Kabupaten Sijunjung, Sumatera Barat. Magnet barium ferit dibuat dengan mencampurkan Fe2O3 hasil oksidasi magnetit pasir besi dan BaCO3. Kemudian campuran tersebut dikalsinasi pada suhu 1000 oC, lalu dikompaksi dan kemudian disintering pada temperatur 1000 oC. Karakterisasi magnet barium ferit dilakukan dengan mengukur suseptibilitas magnetik menggunakan Bartington MS2 Magnetic susceptibility meter. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai suseptibilitas yang diperoleh dari enam variasi persentase massa yaitu 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 dan 30% berturut-turut adalah 262,6×10-8, 438,0×10-8, 516,1×10-8, 549,9×10-8, 422,8×10-8dan 429,9×10-8 m3/kg. Dengan nilai suseptibilitas tertinggi pada persentase massa 20% sebesar 549,9×10-8 m3/kg. Tingginya nilai suseptibilitas dikarenakan ion Fe3+ yang seimbang pada komposisi barium ferit. Nilai suseptibilitas magnetik barium ferit naik dengan kenaikan persentase massa BaCO3 5 hingga 20%, dan menurun untuk persentase massa BaCO3 besar dari 20%.Kata kunci: barium ferit, barium karbonat, pasir besi, suseptibilitas

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38

Zhang, Chang Sen, and Leia Yang. "Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of La-Doped Barium-Ferrite." Advanced Materials Research 668 (March 2013): 706–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.668.706.

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Abstract (sommario):

The La-doped barium ferrites microparticles were successful synthesized by citrate sol-gel method. The structure, morphology and magnetic properties of the ferrite were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential thermal analysis (TG-DSC) and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). The results showed that the average crystallite size of La-doped barium-ferrite decreased with increasing La content. The morphology of the barium ferrite was spherical particles; however, doped lanthanum, barium ferrite changed into laminated structure. In addition, doping lanthanum improved the magnetic properties of the ferrite. The saturation magnetization (Ms) of La-doped M-type barium ferrite 67.70emu/g, it was greater than the non-doped M-type barium ferrite 57.45emu/g.

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39

Kamlade, Paul. "Barium exposure of an invasive breast cancer cluster investigation – quantitative drinking water chemistry for carcinogen search." H2Open Journal 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 168–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2019.016.

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Abstract Quantitative review of oral barium exposure was conducted using drinking water metals data from the confirmed sixfold (18-fold15–39 years) Brisbane Australia invasive breast cancer cluster (IBC) investigation, which also included fivefold duct carcinoma in situ (DCIS). The new approach here was to assess sub-guideline on-site water system barium fluctuations and use cancer slope factor (CSF) firstly to profile match barium as a carcinogen, then correlate risk. Dissolved barium was converting, up to 71%, into non-dissolved forms in the cluster location; with only up to 3% in a comparison location. A CSF of approximately 330 (mg L−1)−1 gave a chemistry-based number of women of 12, consistent with 14 originally (mostly IBC), less 2 per general population biostatistics. The comparison location gave null women numbers. One-woman IBC correlated to 0.0018 mg/L barium, comparable to the US Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) 0.002 mg/L, 10−4 cancer risk for arsenic. The two- to fivefold San Diego USA IBC cluster had barium as the only metal in common with Brisbane; and, breast cancer alcohol risk factor fingered barium qualitatively. It is put that barium causes IBC and DCIS; proof submitted hereby to wider scrutiny. The relevant barium exposure was likely calcium coprecipitated.

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40

Engin Sagirli, FZ, ES Kayali, and AS Sarac. "Polypyrrole/barium titanate/poly(acrylonitrile-co-methylacrylate)–deposited cotton fabrics: Electromagnetic shielding." Journal of Industrial Textiles 47, no. 5 (August 31, 2016): 656–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1528083716667260.

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Abstract (sommario):

In this study, polypyrrole was deposited separately on barium titanate, barium titanate-poly (acrylonitrile-co-methylacrylate) nanocomposite-coated textile fabrics by an in-situ chemical polymerization process. Electromagnetic shielding effectiveness, electrical conductivity, chemical structure, and morphology of fabrics were fully characterized and systematically studied for investigation of individual effects of barium titanate, pyrrole polymer, and barium titanate-poly (acrylonitrile-co-methylacrylate) on obtained fabrics’ conductivity and shielding behaviour. Electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the fabrics was determined according to the ASTM D4935-10 protocol, by using a coaxial transmission line measurement technique in the frequency range of 15–3000 MHz. Electrical characteristics were measured by the two-end method. Electromagnetic shielding effectiveness data suggested that polypyrrole-coated fabrics had better electromagnetic shielding effectiveness than polypyrrole-barium titanate and barium titanate-poly (acrylonitrile-co-methylacrylate)-coated fabrics. On the other hand, conductivity increased due to the interaction between polypyrrole and barium titanate-poly (acrylonitrile-co-methylacrylate), with fabric conductivity values also increased with the use of barium titanate. Spectroscopic characterizations of coated fabrics were determined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Analyses demonstrated that there is a strong interaction between cotton and polypyrrole and barium titanate, and also with poly (acrylonitrile-co-methylacrylate)-barium titanate. Morphological characterizations of the coated fabrics were examined by scanning electron microscopy. Colour measurements of fabric samples were performed for determination of colour intensity as a function of polymerization efficiency.

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41

Merie, Violeta, Viorel Cândea, and Catalin Popa. "The Influence of Barium Carbonate on the Tribological Characteristics of some Iron-Based Friction Composites." Advanced Engineering Forum 13 (June 2015): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.13.67.

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Abstract (sommario):

New iron-based composite materials with addition of barium carbonate (2 to 8 wt% barium carbonate) for friction applications are investigated. The tribological behavior of the studied materials was determined by a pin-on-disk method when a cast iron disk was employed. The addition of 2 wt% barium carbonate determined a significant increase of the average friction coefficient. Instead a further increase of barium carbonate content determined a gradual decrease of this parameter. The improvement of wear resistance was marked out for a barium carbonate content of up to 6 wt%. The optimal ratio between the average friction coefficient and the wear rate for the researched Fe-Cu-graphite-Ni-BaCO3 composites was determined for the iron-based material containing 2 wt% barium carbonate. SEM, EDX and XRD analysis marked out a complex structure containing alloyed ferrite, pearlite and carbides, traces of nickel and barium carbonate and free graphite.

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42

Naibaho, Yeni P. S., Syahrul Humaidi, Martha Rianna, and Linda Diana. "Characterization of Barium Hexaferrite and Iron Sand as Microwave Absorbing Materials." Hydrogen: Jurnal Kependidikan Kimia 12, no. 2 (May 31, 2024): 376. https://doi.org/10.33394/hjkk.v12i2.11776.

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Abstract (sommario):

This research aims to analyze the characteristics of Barium Hexaferite and iron sand as microwave absorbing materials, their influence on microwave absorption properties, and the frequency range of waves produced by these materials. The research method used is the Co-Precipitation method. Dissolve barium hexapherite and iron sand in distilled water with the appropriate mass ratio. The results of this study show that the synthesis of iron sand and barium hexapherite material produces a single phase material. The single phase material is shown through X-ray diffraction pattern data, namely iron sand and barium hexapherite, namely hematite and barium hexapherite. Iron sand and barium hexapherite materials are characterized using EDS which shows a composition that is close to stoichiometry. Observations using VNA show that iron sand and barium hexapherite materials are able to absorb electromagnetic waves at a radar wave frequency of 11.1 GHz, which is -25.64 dB.

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43

Danielson, KS, and TB Hunter. "Barium capsules." American Journal of Roentgenology 144, no. 2 (February 1985): 414. http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.144.2.414.

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44

Bartram, C. I. "Barium Radiology." Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 29, sup203 (January 1994): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00365529409091391.

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45

&NA;. "Barium sulfate." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 465 (August 1993): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-199304650-00017.

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46

&NA;. "Barium sulfate." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 657 (June 1997): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-199706570-00014.

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47

Kuriyama, Akira. "Barium Appendicitis." Internal Medicine 54, no. 12 (2015): 1571. http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.54.4359.

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48

&NA;. "Barium sulfate." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1215 (August 2008): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200812150-00030.

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49

&NA;. "Barium sulfate." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1076 (November 2005): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200510760-00019.

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50

Mehrotra, K. N., and J. K. Jain. "Barium Soaps." Tenside Surfactants Detergents 25, no. 1 (January 1, 1988): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tsd-1988-250120.

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