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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Barley Australia"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 1 febbraio 2022

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1

Wellings, C. R. "Puccinia striiformis in Australia: a review of the incursion, evolution, and adaptation of stripe rust in the period 1979 - 2006." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 58, no. 6 (2007): 567. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar07130.

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The wheat stripe rust pathogen (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici; Pst) was first detected in Australia in 1979. The features of the initial pathotype suggested that it was of European origin, and later work provided evidence that it was most likely transmitted as adherent spores on travellers’ clothing. Despite long-held views that this cool temperature pathogen would not adapt to Australian conditions, Pst became endemic and progressively adapted to commercial wheat production through step-wise mutation. Several of these mutant pathotypes became frequent in the Pst population, causing wide

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2

Ren, Xifeng, Chengdao Li, W. J. R. Boyd, Sharon Westcott, C. R. Grime, Dongfa Sun, and Reg Lance. "QTLs and their interaction determining different heading dates of barley in Australia and China." Crop and Pasture Science 61, no. 2 (2010): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp09187.

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Heading date is a major determinant of the regional and seasonal adaptation of barley varieties. The dogma is that introduced germplasm is more likely to be adapted if it is derived from a similar latitude. However, barley germplasm introduced from similar latitudes of South-East Asia is extremely early heading in the Australian environments and vice versa. A doubled-haploid population from a cross of an Australian barley Galleon and a Japanese barley Haruna Nijo was evaluated for heading date in Australia (Perth, 31°56′S) and China (Wuhan, 30°33′N) under normal autumn sowing, late sowing in t

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3

Gupta, S., R. Loughman, G. J. Platz, and R. C. M. Lance. "Resistance in cultivated barleys to Pyrenophora teres f. teres and prospects of its utilisation in marker identification and breeding." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 54, no. 12 (2003): 1379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar03022.

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Net type net blotch (NTNB) is a prevalent disease in Australia, causing significant losses in barley yield and quality. Its impact can be reduced with the identification and utilisation of effective sources of resistance. Sixty-nine cultivated barley lines were screened as seedlings against 9 isolates of Pyrenophora teres f. teres from Australia, and in the field in Western Australia. Resistance expressed in seedlings was frequently expressed in adult plants in the field, indicating that these sources are potentially useful for resistance breeding. Of these lines, 24 with the best overall resi

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4

Milgate, Andrew, Dante Adorada, Grant Chambers, and Mary Ann Terras. "Occurrence of Winter Cereal Viruses in New South Wales, Australia, 2006 to 2014." Plant Disease 100, no. 2 (February 2016): 313–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-06-15-0650-re.

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Winter cereal viruses can cause significant crop losses; however, detailed knowledge of their occurrence in New South Wales, Australia is very limited. This paper reports on the occurrence of Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), Wheat mosaic virus (WMoV), Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), Cereal yellow dwarf virus (CYDV), and their serotypes between 2006 and 2014. Detection of WMoV is confirmed in eastern Australia for the first time. The BYDV and CYDV 2014 epidemic is examined in detail using 139 samples of wheat, barley, and oat surveyed from southern New South Wales. The presence of virus was

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5

Dreiseitl, Antonín, and Gregory Platz. "Powdery mildew resistance genes in barley varieties grown in Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 63, no. 10 (2012): 997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp12165.

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Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a major crop in Australia and powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei) is one of its most common diseases. Genes for resistance to powdery mildew were postulated for 86 Australian barley varieties and nine advanced breeding lines using 40 reference isolates of the pathogen. Fifty isolates collected in Australia in 2011 were used for additional tests of some varieties. In total, 22 known resistance genes [mlo, Mla1, MlaAl2, Mla3, Mla6, Mla7, Mla8, Mla9, Mla12, Mla13, Mlat, Mlg, MlGa, Mlk1, MlLa, Mlra, Ml(Ab), Ml(Ch), Ml(Dr2), Ml(He2), Ml(Lo) and Ml(St)] we

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6

Paynter, B. H., P. E. Juskiw, and J. H. Helm. "Phenological development in two-row spring barley when grown in a long-day (Alberta, Canada) and a short-day (Western Australia, Australia) environment." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 81, no. 4 (October 1, 2001): 621–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p00-104.

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Phenological development in eight cultivars of two-row, spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) was examined when sown at two dates of seeding in two diverse environments. These environments were a short-day environment at Northam, Western Australia, Australia, in 1997 and a long-day environment at Lacombe, Alberta, Canada, in 1998. The Australian and Canadian barley cultivars used had different combinations of basic vegetative phase and daylength sensitivity. Barley grown at Lacombe reached each stage of phenological development in less time than at Northam. Most noticeable was a shorter duration

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7

Cotterill, PJ, RF Park, and RG Rees. "Pathogenic specialization of Puccinia hordei Otth. in Australia, 1966-1990." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 46, no. 1 (1995): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9950127.

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One hundred and fifty-four isolates of the leaf rust pathogen (Puccinia hordei), collected from infected barley plants in Australia between 1966 and 1990, were typed to determine virulence with respect to the resistance genes Rphl to Rph9, Rphl2 (Triumph) and several uncharacterized resistance sources. The Australian cultivar, Prior, reacted differentially to the isolates examined, and is believed to possess a gene which is also present in addition to Rph2 in Reka 1. Virulence and avirulence on Prior were designated P+ and P- respectively. Eleven distinct pathotypes (pt) were identified, with

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8

McDonald, B. A., J. Zhan, and J. J. Burdon. "Genetic Structure of Rhynchosporium secalis in Australia." Phytopathology® 89, no. 8 (August 1999): 639–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.1999.89.8.639.

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Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers were used to determine the genetic structure of Australian field populations of the barley scald pathogen Rhynchosporium secalis. Fungal isolates were collected by hierarchical sampling from five naturally infected barley fields in different geographic locations during a single growing season. Genetic variation was high in Australian R. secalis populations. Among the 265 fungal isolates analyzed, 214 distinct genotypes were identified. Average genotype diversity within a field population was 65% of its theoretical maximum. Nei's average g

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9

Gupta, Sanjiv, and Robert Loughman. "Current Virulence of Pyrenophora teres on Barley in Western Australia." Plant Disease 85, no. 9 (September 2001): 960–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2001.85.9.960.

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Studies on variation, occurrence, and distribution of virulence in Pyrenophora teres are helpful to identify effective sources of resistance that can be used for barley breeding in Western Australia. Seventy-nine isolates of Pyrenophora teres were collected from different barley fields of Western Australia in 1995-96. Seventy-four induced net type symptoms (P. teres f. teres) and five induced spot type symptoms (P. teres f. maculata). Net type isolate responses on 47 barley lines were similar to the range of responses induced by nine historical isolates collected in the region between 1975 and

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10

Park, R. F. "Occurrence and identity of Puccinia graminis on wheat, barley, andgrasses in Australia during summer - autumn 1992-93." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 48, no. 7 (1997): 999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/a97019.

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Levels of stem rust (Puccinia graminis) in Australian wheat and barley crops were generally low from 1980 to 1992. Exceptionally wet conditions in South Australia (SA) during early summer 1992-93 resulted in the establishment of vast areas of self-sown cereals, in which stem rust increased rapidly. The disease was also more common in Western Australia during the summer months of 1992-93. Collections from rusted wheat, barley, and selected grass species were analysed in greenhouse tests using an array of differential cereal genotypes. Five pathotypes of P. graminis f. sp. tritici were recovered

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11

Sward, RJ, and RM Lister. "The identity of barley yellow dwarf virus isolates in cereals and grasses from mainland Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 39, no. 3 (1988): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9880375.

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Four serologically distinct types of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) were identified infecting cereals and grasses collected around mainland Australia. On the basis of serological relatedness to North American type-isolateq, the Australian isolates were classified as MAV-, PAV-, RMV- and RPV-like. However, aphid transmission studies showed that, while the Australian PAV-, RPV-, and RMV-like isolates had conventional vector relationships, the Australian MAV-like isolates had Rhopaloszphium padi as a major vector species. Differences in the Sitobion species occurring in North America and Austra

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12

Wang, Ming-Bo, David C. Abbott, Narayana M. Upadhyaya, John V. Jacobsen, and Peter M. Waterhouse. "Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of an elite Australian barley cultivar with virus resistance and reporter genes." Functional Plant Biology 28, no. 2 (2001): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp00103.

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Efficient transformation of barley cv. Schooner was achieved using Agrobacterium delivery, hygromycin or bialaphos selection and embryogenic callus. Using this system, transgenic plants were generated that contained either the green fluorescent protein gene, or transgenes derived from barley yellow dwarf (BYDV) and cereal yellow dwarf (CYDV) viruses. Many of these plants contained 1–3 transgene copies that were inherited in a simple Mendelian manner. Some plants containing BYDV and/or CYDV derived transgenes showed reduced virus symptoms and rates of viral replication when challenged with the

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13

Shergill, Lovreet S., Benjamin Fleet, Christopher Preston, and Gurjeet Gill. "Incidence of Herbicide Resistance, Seedling Emergence, and Seed Persistence of Smooth Barley (Hordeum glaucum) in South Australia." Weed Technology 29, no. 4 (December 2015): 782–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-15-00064.1.

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Smooth barley has emerged as a problematic weed in cereal crops of South Australia. After the recent reports of herbicide resistance and increase in seed dormancy in smooth barley, it was considered important to determine the herbicide resistance status and seedbank behavior of field populations of this weed species. A field survey was undertaken in the Upper North and Eyre Peninsula regions of South Australia in October 2012. Of the 90 smooth barley populations screened for resistance to quizalofop, 15% exhibited some level of resistance and 85% were susceptible. Resistance to acetolactate sy

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14

Mahajan, Gulshan, Lee Hickey, and Bhagirath Singh Chauhan. "Response of Barley Genotypes to Weed Interference in Australia." Agronomy 10, no. 1 (January 9, 2020): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10010099.

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Weed-competitive genotypes could be an important tool in integrated weed management (IWM) practices. However, weed competitiveness is often not considered a priority for breeding high-yielding cultivars. Weed-competitive ability is often evaluated based on weed-suppressive ability (WSA) and weed-tolerance ability (WTA) parameters; however, there is little information on these aspects for barley genotypes in Australia. In this study, the effects of weed interference on eight barley genotypes were assessed. Two years of field experiments were performed in a split-plot design with three replicati

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15

Paynter, B. H., P. E. Juskiw, and J. H. Helm. "Leaf development in two-row spring barley under long-day and short-day field conditions." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 84, no. 2 (April 1, 2004): 477–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p02-154.

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To gain an understanding of the adaptation of Australian and Canadian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars to the environments of western Canada and Western Australia, phyllochron and number of leaves on the mainstem in eight cultivars of two-row, spring barley were examined when sown at two dates in two locations. The locations were a short-day environment at Northam, Western Australia, Australia in 1997 and a long-day environment at Lacombe, Alberta, Canada in 1998. At each location highly significant relationships between leaf number on the mainstem and thermal time were found (r2 > 0.9

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16

Hughes, Jaimee, and Sara Grafenauer. "Oat and Barley in the Food Supply and Use of Beta Glucan Health Claims." Nutrients 13, no. 8 (July 26, 2021): 2556. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13082556.

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Beta glucan is a type of soluble dietary fibre found in oats and barley with known cholesterol-lowering benefits. Many countries globally have an approved beta glucan health claim related to lowering blood cholesterol, an important biomarker for cardiovascular disease. However, the use of these claims has not been examined. The aim of this study was to explore the range and variety of oat and barley products in the Australian and global market within a defined range of grain food and beverage categories and examine the frequency of beta glucan health claims. Australian data were collected via

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17

Park, R. F. "Pathogenic Specialization and Pathotype Distribution of Puccinia hordei in Australia, 1992 to 2001." Plant Disease 87, no. 11 (November 2003): 1311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2003.87.11.1311.

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Annual surveys of pathogenic variability in the leaf rust pathogen of barley, Puccinia hordei, from 1992 to 2001 revealed a significant shift in the composition of populations across Austra-lia. Virulence for the resistance gene Rph12, first detected in a single pathotype, 4610P+, in Tasmania in 1991, was subsequently detected in 1993 in South Australia, Victoria, and southern New South Wales. By the end of 2001, eight pathotypes with virulence for Rph12 had been isolated, and virulence for this gene was present in all Australian barley growing regions. Virulence was not detected for the resis

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18

Ogushi, K., P. Lim, A. R. Barr, S. Takahashi, T. Asakura, and K. Ito. "Japanese Barley Meets Australia: Quality Performance of Malting Barley Grown in Different Countries." Journal of the Institute of Brewing 108, no. 3 (2002): 303–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2050-0416.2002.tb00555.x.

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19

Frederiks, T. M., J. T. Christopher, S. E. H. Fletcher, and A. K. Borrell. "Post head-emergence frost resistance of barley genotypes in the northern grain region of Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 62, no. 9 (2011): 736. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp11079.

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Post head-emergence frost causes substantial losses for Australian barley producers. Varieties with improved resistance would have a significant positive impact on Australian cropping enterprises. Five barley genotypes previously tested for reproductive frost resistance in southern Australia were tested, post head-emergence, in the northern grain region of Australia and compared with the typical northern control cultivars, Gilbert and Kaputar. All tested genotypes suffered severe damage to whole heads and stems at plant minimum temperatures less than −8°C. In 2003, 2004 and 2005, frost events

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20

Kelly, J. E., J. C. Quinn, P. Loukopoulos, J. C. Broster, K. Behrendt, and L. A. Weston. "Seed contamination in sheep: new investigations into an old problem." Animal Production Science 58, no. 8 (2018): 1538. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an17771.

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Seed contamination significantly affects production capacity and animal welfare in Australian sheep flocks and causes considerable financial loss to producers and processors across sheepmeat value chains. Seven grass-weed species contribute to seed contamination in Australia, with barley grass (Hordeum spp.) identified as a key perpetrator. Herbicide resistance and variable dormancy emerging in southern Australian barley grass populations are thought to enhance its capacity for successful pasture invasion, further exacerbating the potential for seed contamination in sheep. The present article

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21

Nancarrow, N., M. Aftab, L. Zheng, S. Maina, A. Freeman, B. Rodoni, M. Spackman, and P. Trębicki. "First Report of Barley virus G in Australia." Plant Disease 103, no. 7 (July 2019): 1799. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-01-19-0166-pdn.

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22

Meldrum, S. I., G. J. Platz, and H. J. Ogle. "Pathotypes of Cochliobolus sativus on barley in Australia." Australasian Plant Pathology 33, no. 1 (2004): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ap03088.

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23

Powles, Stephen B., and Peter D. Howat. "Herbicide-resistant Weeds in Australia." Weed Technology 4, no. 1 (March 1990): 178–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00025203.

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This review considers the development of herbicide-resistant weed biotypes in Australia. Biotypes of the important annual weed species, capeweed, wall barley, and hare barley are resistant to the bipyridylium herbicides paraquat and diquat. These resistant biotypes developed on a small number of alfalfa fields that have a long history of paraquat and diquat use within a distinct geographical area in central western Victoria. The resistant biotypes are controlled by alternative herbicides and pose little practical concern. Some populations of wild oat are resistant to the methyl ester of diclof

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24

Walker, S. R., G. R. Robinson, and R. W. Medd. "Management of Avena ludoviciana and Phalaris paradoxa with barley and less herbicide in subtropical Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 41, no. 8 (2001): 1179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea01002.

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The competitive advantage of barley compared with wheat was quantified for suppressing seed production of Avena ludoviciana Durieu. (wild oats) andPhalaris paradoxa L. (paradoxa grass), and for improving herbicide effectiveness on these major winter grass weeds of the subtropical grain region of Australia. Eight field experiments were broadcast with weed seed before sowing wheat or barley, in which the emerged weeds were then treated with 4 herbicide doses (0, 25, 50, 100% of recommended rates). Yield reduction from untreated weeds was on average 4 times greater in wheat than in barley, with g

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25

McLean, Mark S., Barbara J. Howlett, T. Kelly Turkington, Greg J. Platz, and Grant J. Hollaway. "Spot Form of Net Blotch Resistance in a Diverse Set of Barley Lines in Australia and Canada." Plant Disease 96, no. 4 (April 2012): 569–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-06-11-0477.

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The responses of 95 barley lines and cultivars to spot form of net blotch (SFNB) caused by Pyrenophora teres f. maculata were analyzed as seedlings and adults in Australia and Canada. Cluster analyses revealed complex reaction responses. Only 2 lines (Esperance Orge 289 and TR3189) were resistant to all isolates at the seedling stage, whereas 15 lines and cultivars (81-82/033, Arimont, BYDV-018, CBSS97M00855T-B2-M1-Y1-M2-Y-1M-0Y, CI9776, Keel, Sloop, Torrens, TR326, VB0111, Yarra, VB0229, WI-2477, WI2553, and Wisconsin Pedigree) were resistant toward the two Canadian isolates and mixture of Au

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26

Shergill, Lovreet S., Benjamin Fleet, Christopher Preston, and Gurjeet Gill. "Management of ACCase-Inhibiting Herbicide-Resistant Smooth Barley (Hordeum glaucum) in Field Pea with Alternative Herbicides." Weed Technology 30, no. 2 (June 2016): 441–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-15-00099.1.

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Smooth barley is an annual weed species that is infesting crops and pastures in South Australia. Complicating control options is the presence of herbicide-resistant biotypes. A field trial was conducted to identify alternative herbicides for the management of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibiting herbicide-resistant smooth barley in field pea. Preplant (PP) soil applications of pyroxasulfone; prosulfocarb plus S-metolachlor; dimethenamid-P; propyzamide; trifluralin alone or with triallate or with diuron; or imazamox applied POST were evaluated for their effectiveness and crop safet

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27

Close, T. J. "The Barley Microarray. A Community Vision and Application to Abiotic Stress." Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 41, No. 4 (November 21, 2011): 144–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3660-cjgpb.

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A&nbsp;microarray chip representing approximately 20 000 barley unigenes was produced as part of a USA project entitled &ldquo;An integrated physical and expression map of barley for Triticeae improvement&rdquo;. The content of the chip was derived from more than 400&nbsp;000 barley &ldquo;Expressed Sequence Tag&rdquo; (EST) sequences received from cooperators inUSA,Germany,Australia,Japan,Scotland, andFinland, plus about 1000 sequences retrieved from the GenBank nr database or GrainGenes. All EST sequences were trimmed to high quality regions, contaminants were identif

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28

Wong, Darren CJ, Ismail A. Ismail, Dale Godfrey, and Amanda J. Abe. "Death by toxin net blotch disease of barley." Microbiology Australia 33, no. 1 (2012): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma12034.

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Barley net blotch is a destructive disease which results in loss of yield (as high as 40%) and quality in barley grain, the world?s fourth largest crop. In Australia, the economic losses caused by net blotch disease have been predicted to be greater than $62 million per year.

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29

Correll, R., J. Butler, L. Spouncer, and C. Wrigley. "The Relationship Between Grain-Protein Content of Wheat and Barley and Temperatures During Grain Filling." Functional Plant Biology 21, no. 6 (1994): 869. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp9940869.

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This paper compares the relationship between temperatures at grain filling and grain-protein content for wheat and barley. Two similar statistical models have been developed using historical grain and climate data to reliably predict the protein content of wheat and barley at grain receival sites. Protein levels were predicted using multiple regressions with the same regression coefficients for all sites. The locality effect is absorbed in the regression intercept derived for each site. Australian Standard White (ASW) wheat data for 109 silos throughout South Australia for the years 1971-1991

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Wallwork, H., A. Lichon, and A. Sivanesan. "Drechslera wirreganensis — a new hyphomycete affecting barley in Australia." Mycological Research 96, no. 10 (October 1992): 886–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0953-7562(09)81036-8.

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31

Tucker, M. A., K. Jayasena, S. R. Ellwood, and R. P. Oliver. "Pathotype variation of barley powdery mildew in Western Australia." Australasian Plant Pathology 42, no. 5 (May 9, 2013): 617–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13313-013-0226-y.

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32

Kelly, Jane, Allison Chambers, Paul Weston, William Brown, Wayne Robinson, John Broster, and Leslie Weston. "The Impact of Herbicide Application and Defoliation on Barley Grass (Hordeum murinum subsp. glaucum) Management in Mixed Pasture Legumes." Agronomy 10, no. 5 (May 11, 2020): 671. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10050671.

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Barley grass (Hordeum murinum subsp. glaucum.) is an annual weed associated with grain revenue loss and sheep carcass damage in southern Australia. Increasing herbicide resistance led to a recent investigation into effective integrated weed management strategies for barley grass in southern Australia. Field studies in Wagga Wagga, New South Wales (NSW) during 2016 and 2017 examined the effect of post-emergent herbicide applications and strategic defoliation by mowing on barley grass survival and seed production in a mixed legume pasture. Statistically significant differences between herbicide-

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33

Fleet, Benjamin, and Gurjeet Gill. "Seed Dormancy and Seedling Recruitment in Smooth Barley (Hordeum murinum ssp. glaucum) Populations in Southern Australia." Weed Science 60, no. 3 (September 2012): 394–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-11-00203.1.

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Weedy barley species have emerged as important weeds in southern Australia, where they can be particularly difficult to control in cereal crops. Knowledge of seed dormancy mechanisms, germination ecology, and recruitment behavior in the field would facilitate development of effective weed-control programs for these weed species. Based on somatic chromosome number, smooth barley was identified as the species infesting all the sites sampled in South Australia. Smooth barley populations from cropping fields and noncrop habitats showed large differences in their pattern of dormancy loss. Noncrop p

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34

Chan, KC, and WJR Boyd. "Pathogenic variation of powdery mildew of barley in Western Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 43, no. 1 (1992): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9920079.

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The identity and estimated frequency of genes for virulence in natural field populations of Endsiphe grarninis f.sp. hordei is reported in Western Australia. Fifteen genes were identified, five of which occurred at relatively high frequency. Only two of those identified (Vk and Vg) can be accounted for on the basis of natural selection due to the presence of corresponding resistance genes in commercial barley cultivars. Implications for breeding for host resistance in Western Australia are discussed.

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35

Shergill, Lovreet S., Jenna Malone, Peter Boutsalis, Christopher Preston, and Gurjeet Gill. "Target-Site Point Mutations Conferring Resistance to ACCase-Inhibiting Herbicides in Smooth Barley (Hordeum glaucum) and Hare Barley (Hordeum leporinum)." Weed Science 63, no. 2 (June 2015): 408–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-14-00134.1.

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Acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibiting herbicides affect fatty acid biosynthesis in plants and are widely used to control smooth and hare barley in dicot crops in Australia. Recently, growers have experienced difficulty in controlling smooth and hare barley with herbicides from this mode of action. Dose–response experiments conducted on five suspected resistant populations confirmed varying levels of resistance to quizalofop and haloxyfop. The level of resistance in these populations was greater than 27-fold to quizalofop and greater than 15-fold to haloxyfop. The quizalofop dose re

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36

Cartwright, B., BA Zarcinas, and LR Spouncer. "Boron toxicity in South Australian barley crops." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 37, no. 4 (1986): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9860351.

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Abstract (sommario):

Boron toxicity was identified in barley crops grown on a range of soils at 16 widespread locations in South Australia, and also at one site in western Victoria. The soils on which boron toxicity occurred included red-brown earths (Calcic Natrixeralf), calcareous earths (Xerollic Calciorthid and Calcic Paleorthid), and calcareous sands ('Petrocalcixerollic' Xerochrept). At one site the soil was a grey clay (Palexerollic Chromoxerert). The properties of some examples of normal and high-boron soils which were sampled in close proximity are discussed. For individual high-boron soil profiles it was

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37

Dolling, PJ, WM Porter, and AD Robson. "Effect of soil acidity on barley production in the south-west of Western Australia. 2. Cereal genotypes and their response to lime." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 31, no. 6 (1991): 811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9910811.

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Abstract (sommario):

The effect of aluminium (Al) toxicity of either surface or subsurface soil on the growth of barley, and the potential for variation in response to soil acidity among agronomically adapted Australian barley genotypes, were examined at 13 sites. The effect of Al toxicity was investigated by plant analysis, using 3-5 lime application rates and Al-tolerant species (wheat, triticale), as well as barley. All cereals were supplied with complete nutrients. To measure the potential for response variation, grain yields of 14 genotypes of barley, relative to cv. Stirling, were related to soil pH at 7 sit

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38

Brennan, R. F., and K. G. Adcock. "Incidence of Boron Toxicity in Spring Barley in Southwestern Australia." Journal of Plant Nutrition 27, no. 3 (December 27, 2004): 411–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/pln-120028870.

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39

Khan, TN, and KJ Young. "Seed Dressing With Baytan and Barley Yield in Western Australia." Australasian Plant Pathology 17, no. 4 (1988): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/app9880099.

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40

Wallwork, H., P. Preece, and PJ Cotterill. "Puccinia Hordei on Barley and Ornithogalum Umbellatum in South Australia." Australasian Plant Pathology 21, no. 3 (1992): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/app9920095.

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41

Thompson, J. P., T. G. Clewett, R. E. Jennings, J. G. Sheedy, K. J. Owen, and D. M. Persley. "Detection of Polymyxa graminis in a barley crop in Australia." Australasian Plant Pathology 40, no. 1 (November 2, 2010): 66–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13313-010-0015-9.

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42

Jefferies, S. P., A. R. Barr, C. Hunt, and R. D. Wheeler. "Agronomic and breeding value of genes for resistance to leaf scald (Rhynchosporium secalis) in barley (Hordeum vulgare)." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 51, no. 8 (2000): 955. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar00038.

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Abstract (sommario):

Scald (Rhynchosporium secalis) is one of the most damaging leaf and stem diseases of barley grown in southern Australia. The development of resistant cultivars is the most effective means of controlling scald. However, the highly variable nature of the scald pathogen has often resulted in resistance conferred by single major genes being rendered ineffective. Breeding and selection for non-race specific, durable resistance, or the adoption of major gene deployment strategies such as gene pyramiding, could largely overcome this problem. Four cultivars of barley (Guardian, Halcyon, Sultan, Wavene

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43

Borger, Catherine P. D., Abul Hashem, and Shahab Pathan. "Manipulating Crop Row Orientation to Suppress Weeds and Increase Crop Yield." Weed Science 58, no. 2 (June 2010): 174–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-09-094.1.

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Abstract (sommario):

Crop rows oriented at a right angle to sunlight direction (i.e., east–west within the winter cropping system in Western Australia) may suppress weed growth through greater shading of weeds in the interrow spaces. This was investigated in the districts of Merredin and Beverley, Western Australian (latitudes of 31° and 32°S) from 2002 to 2005 (four trials). Winter grain crops (wheat, barley, canola, lupines, and field peas) were sown in an east–west or north–south orientation. Within wheat and barley crops oriented east–west, weed biomass (averaged throughout all trials) was reduced by 51 and 37

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44

Loughman, R., EJ Speijers, GJ Thomas, and DJ Ballinger. "Chemical control of loose smut (Ustilago segetum var. tritici) of barley and the effects of cultivar and environment on disease incidence." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 31, no. 3 (1991): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9910373.

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Abstract (sommario):

The reasons for an increase in barley loose smut in high rainfall areas of Western Australia were investigated in field trials from 1986 to 1988 by examining the effects of environment, cultivar and adequacy of chemical control. Disease was 4-18 times greater in 2 seed lines produced in very high rainfall areas (>750 mm/year) compared with that produced in high (450-750 mm/year) or low (<325 mm/year) rainfall areas. The effectiveness of 5 fungicide seed treatments was assessed. No fungicide seed treatment controlled disease completely. Triadimenol at 225 mg a.i./kg and carboxin at 940 mg

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45

Goyne, PJ, H. Meinke, SP Milroy, GL Hammer, and JM Hare. "Development and use of a barley crop simulation model to evaluate production management strategies in north-eastern Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 47, no. 7 (1996): 997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9960997.

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Abstract (sommario):

A study was undertaken to identify improved management strategies for barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), particularly in relation to time of planting, location, and frost risk in the variable climate of north-eastern Australia. To achieve this objective, a crop growth simulation model (QBAR) was constructed to integrate the understanding, gained from field experiments, of the dynamics of crop growth as influenced by soil moisture and environmental variables. QBAR simulates the growth and yield potential of barley grown under optimal nutrient supply, in the absence of pests, diseases, and weeds. Geno

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46

Neupane, A., P. Tamang, R. S. Brueggeman, and T. L. Friesen. "Evaluation of a Barley Core Collection for Spot Form Net Blotch Reaction Reveals Distinct Genotype-Specific Pathogen Virulence and Host Susceptibility." Phytopathology® 105, no. 4 (April 2015): 509–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-04-14-0107-r.

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Abstract (sommario):

Spot form net blotch (SFNB) caused by Pyrenophora teres f. maculata is a major foliar disease of barley (Hordeum vulgare) worldwide. SFNB epidemics have recently been observed in major barley producing countries, suggesting that the local barley cultivars are not resistant and that virulence of the local pathogen populations may have changed. Here we attempt to identify sources of resistance effective against four diverse isolates of P. teres f. maculata collected from around the world. A total of 2,062 world barley core collection accessions were phenotyped using isolates of the pathogen coll

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47

Turner, NC. "Crop production on duplex soils: an introduction." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 32, no. 7 (1992): 797. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9920797.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Duplex or texture-contrast soils occur over about 60% of the agricultural areas of south-west Western Australia. Annual crops of wheat, barley, oats, and lupins predominate on these soils, grown in rotation with annual pastures. The climate is characterised by cool, wet winters and hot, dry summers. Crop production is restricted to the winter and spring and is limited by waterlogging in the wet winter months and by water shortage during grain filling in spring. Research on crop production on duplex soils has been undertaken for the past 8 years by a collaborative team from the CSIRO Dryland Cr

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48

Cakir, M., D. Poulsen, N. W. Galwey, G. A. Ablett, K. J. Chalmers, G. J. Platz, R. F. Park, et al. "Mapping and QTL analysis of the barley population Tallon × Kaputar." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 54, no. 12 (2003): 1155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar02238.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

A genetic map of barley with 224 AFLP and 39 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers was constructed using a doubled haploid (DH) mapping population from a cross between the varieties Tallon and Kaputar. Linkage groups were assigned to individual barley chromosomes using the published map locations of the SSR markers as reference points. This genetic map was used to identify markers with linkage to agronomic, disease, and quality traits in barley. The population, which comprised 65 lines, was tested in a range of environments across Australia. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) analyses were performe

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49

Willsmore, Kerrie L., Paul Eckermann, Rajeev K. Varshney, Andreas Graner, Peter Langridge, Margaret Pallotta, Judy Cheong, and Kevin J. Williams. "New eSSR and gSSR markers added to Australian barley maps." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 57, no. 9 (2006): 953. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar05384.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

To enhance genetic maps of barley previously developed in Australia for identifying markers useable in molecular breeding, a new set of simple sequence repeat (SSR) and indel markers was added to the maps. These markers were developed through (i) database mining of barley expressed sequence tag (EST) sequences, (ii) comparative barley-rice genome analysis, and (iii) screening of a genomic library with SSR probes. The primer set selected for this study comprised 216 EST-SSR (eSSR) and 25 genomic SSR (gSSR) markers, which were screened for polymorphism on 4 doubled haploid (DH) or recombinant in

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50

Thomas, Dean T., Roger A. Lawes, Katrien Descheemaeker, and Andrew D. Moore. "Selection of crop cultivars suited to the location combined with astute management can reduce crop yield penalties in pasture cropping systems." Crop and Pasture Science 65, no. 10 (2014): 1022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13436.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Pasture cropping is an emerging farming-systems practice of southern Australia, in which winter grain crops are sown into an established stand of a winter-dormant, summer-growing perennial pasture. There is a pressing need to define times, locations and climates that are suitable for pasture cropping. To evaluate effects of management interventions, agro-environment, and possible interactions on crop and pasture productivity associated with pasture cropping, an AusFarm® simulation model was built to describe a pasture-cropping system based on annual crop and subtropical grass. The model was pa

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