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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Bioengineering – Social aspects"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 2 febbraio 2022

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1

Rip, Arie. "The challenge of including social and ethical aspects in the development of nanobiotechnology." NanoBiotechnology 1, no. 3 (September 2005): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12030-005-0056-2.

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Karpenstein-Machan, Marianne, and Peter Schmuck. "Bioenergy Village—Ecological and Social Aspects in Implementation of a Sustainability Project." Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy 1, no. 1 (April 1, 2007): 148–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2007.1988.

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In the project described here the electricity and heat supply of an entire German village has been changed from conventional to biomass energy sources in 2005. This lighthouse project, the first "bioenergy village" in Germany, has been initiated by a scientist team from the Universities of Göttingen, Kassel, and Berlin and was realized by the active participation of the population of the village Juehnde in Southern Lower Saxony (800 inhabitants). The ongoing ecological, economical, and social changes are analyzed to enable the transfer of the model to other interested villages in Germany and w

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3

Wright, Walter. "Historical Analogies, Slippery Slopes, and the Question of Euthanasia." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 28, no. 2 (2000): 176–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2000.tb00008.x.

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The German Nazi regime has become a standard model for unspeakable things that one should reject. Contemporary people will characterize political opponents, benighted policies, and other undesirable things as “fascist” or “Nazi.” In ethics, and medical ethics in particular, this analogy arises regularly. Therefore, it is not surprising that German people are particularly sensitive about their history. For example, the German high court regularly refers to the Nazi era in its reluctance to accept lethal social activities. This sensitivity surfaced again in 1988, when influential applied ethicis

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ROTELLAR, EMILIO. "Social, Ethical, and Economic Aspects of the Treatment for End-Stage Renal Failure in Spain." Artificial Organs 18, no. 12 (December 1994): 942–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1594.1994.tb03347.x.

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5

Toole, Jameson L., Carlos Herrera-Yaqüe, Christian M. Schneider, and Marta C. González. "Coupling human mobility and social ties." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 12, no. 105 (April 2015): 20141128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2014.1128.

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Studies using massive, passively collected data from communication technologies have revealed many ubiquitous aspects of social networks, helping us understand and model social media, information diffusion and organizational dynamics. More recently, these data have come tagged with geographical information, enabling studies of human mobility patterns and the science of cities. We combine these two pursuits and uncover reproducible mobility patterns among social contacts. First, we introduce measures of mobility similarity and predictability and measure them for populations of users in three la

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6

Żurek, Jagoda, Mariusz Rudy, Magdalena Kachel, and Stanisław Rudy. "Conventional versus Ritual Slaughter–Ethical Aspects and Meat Quality." Processes 9, no. 8 (August 8, 2021): 1381. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9081381.

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Social pressure on increased protection and welfare of animals results mainly from the initiative of people living in the urbanized parts of the world. The respect for the right to freedom of religion, which is indisputably one of the fundamental liberal rights, must be taken into account. The right to freedom to religion also includes the right to follow a religion’s dietary recommendations. The aim of the literature analysis was to systematize the knowledge on the ethical aspects and quality of meat obtained from carcasses of animals subjected to conventional and ritual slaughter. Consistent

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Catravas, P., K. Bubriski, M. D. Frey, M. E. Hagerman, B. Cohen, J. J. McGee, and S. S. Bowser. "NanoGrande: Electron Microscopy Education and Outreach Through a Collaboration of Scientists and Artists." Microscopy Today 21, no. 2 (March 2013): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929513000023.

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NanoGrande is the culmination of an art-science effort that brought undergraduate students and faculty from science, engineering, and the visual arts together with professional microscopists of the Capital District Microscopy and Microanalysis Society for electron microscopy education and outreach. Students from two independent undergraduate courses, an advanced photography course and a microscopy laboratory course, collaborated on the project. The participants represented a wide range of majors, including chemistry, biology, electrical engineering, computer engineering, mechanical engineering

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8

Goldin, Ilya M., Rosa Lynn Pinkus, and Kevin Ashley. "Validity and Reliability of an Instrument for Assessing Case Analyses in Bioengineering Ethics Education." Science and Engineering Ethics 21, no. 3 (March 28, 2015): 789–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11948-015-9644-2.

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9

De Vecchi, A., A. Scalamogna, C. Castelnovo, K. Artuso, and A. Brancadoro. "Incidence, Possible Causes and Social Aspects of the Symptomatic Introduction of Disinfectant into the Peritoneal Cavity in CAPD." International Journal of Artificial Organs 17, no. 5 (May 1994): 265–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039139889401700504.

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The frequency and characteristics of episodes of accidental symptomatic introduction of Amuchina in CAPD patients has been retrospectively analyzed in patients treated with three different CAPD systems with disinfectant (two reusable Y set and one disposable Y set). The rate of accidental introduction of Amuchina was 1 episode every 8981 exchanges (1/8620 with the log Baxter Y set, 1/11060 exchanges with the short Baxter Y set and with the Bieffe L3 system). One to 15 fresh dialysis exchanges were required to relief pain due to the introduction of disinfectant. Four patients were hospitalized

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Merryman, W. David. "Development of a Tissue Engineered Heart Valve for Pediatrics: A Case Study in Bioengineering Ethics." Science and Engineering Ethics 14, no. 1 (February 12, 2008): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11948-008-9053-x.

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Flack, Andrea, Dora Biro, Tim Guilford, and Robin Freeman. "Modelling group navigation: transitive social structures improve navigational performance." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 12, no. 108 (July 2015): 20150213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2015.0213.

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Collective navigation demands that group members reach consensus on which path to follow, a task that might become more challenging when the group's members have different social connections. Group decision-making mechanisms have been studied successfully in the past using individual-based modelling, although many of these studies have neglected the role of social connections between the group's interacting members. Nevertheless, empirical studies have demonstrated that individual recognition, previous shared experiences and inter-individual familiarity can influence the cohesion and the dynam

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Read, Jonathan M., Ken T. D. Eames, and W. John Edmunds. "Dynamic social networks and the implications for the spread of infectious disease." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 5, no. 26 (March 4, 2008): 1001–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2008.0013.

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Understanding the nature of human contact patterns is crucial for predicting the impact of future pandemics and devising effective control measures. However, few studies provide a quantitative description of the aspects of social interactions that are most relevant to disease transmission. Here, we present the results from a detailed diary-based survey of casual (conversational) and close contact (physical) encounters made by a small peer group of 49 adults who recorded 8661 encounters with 3528 different individuals over 14 non-consecutive days. We find that the stability of interactions depe

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Leung, Yu-Fai, and Glenn Catts. "The Joy of Bioresources: Sustainable Forest-Recreation Connections." BioResources 8, no. 1 (November 3, 2012): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.8.1.1-2.

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Forests have long-standing relationships with humanity beyond the material aspects. Recreation is an essential human need, and forests possess intrinsic values to support such a need in direct, authentic, and emotional ways. Quality recreation experiences can lead to a greater appreciation of bioresources and deeper support for forest conservation. The forest-recreation connections should be celebrated and sustained in this age of rapid social, environmental, and technological changes.

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O'Hara, Kieron, Richard Morris, Nigel Shadbolt, Graham J. Hitch, Wendy Hall, and Neil Beagrie. "Memories for life: a review of the science and technology." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 3, no. 8 (April 13, 2006): 351–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2006.0125.

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This paper discusses scientific, social and technological aspects of memory. Recent developments in our understanding of memory processes and mechanisms, and their digital implementation, have placed the encoding, storage, management and retrieval of information at the forefront of several fields of research. At the same time, the divisions between the biological, physical and the digital worlds seem to be dissolving. Hence, opportunities for interdisciplinary research into memory are being created, between the life sciences, social sciences and physical sciences. Such research may benefit fro

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Asher, Lucy, Lisa M. Collins, Angel Ortiz-Pelaez, Julian A. Drewe, Christine J. Nicol, and Dirk U. Pfeiffer. "Recent advances in the analysis of behavioural organization and interpretation as indicators of animal welfare." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 6, no. 41 (September 9, 2009): 1103–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2009.0221.

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While the incorporation of mathematical and engineering methods has greatly advanced in other areas of the life sciences, they have been under-utilized in the field of animal welfare. Exceptions are beginning to emerge and share a common motivation to quantify ‘hidden’ aspects in the structure of the behaviour of an individual, or group of animals. Such analyses have the potential to quantify behavioural markers of pain and stress and quantify abnormal behaviour objectively. This review seeks to explore the scope of such analytical methods as behavioural indicators of welfare. We outline four

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Parent, Brendan, Bruce Gelb, Stephen Latham, Ariane Lewis, Laura L. Kimberly, and Arthur L. Caplan. "The ethics of testing and research of manufactured organs on brain-dead/recently deceased subjects." Journal of Medical Ethics 46, no. 3 (September 28, 2019): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2019-105674.

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Over 115 000 people are waiting for life-saving organ transplants, of whom a small fraction will receive transplants and many others will die while waiting. Existing efforts to expand the number of available organs, including increasing the number of registered donors and procuring organs in uncontrolled environments, are crucial but unlikely to address the shortage in the near future and will not improve donor/recipient compatibility or organ quality. If successful, organ bioengineering can solve the shortage and improve functional outcomes. Studying manufactured organs in animal models has p

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Wu, Kun, and Kaiyan Da. "The Impact of Intelligent Society on Human Essence and the New Evolution of Humans." Proceedings 47, no. 1 (May 15, 2020): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings47010044.

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When we enter intelligent society, we need to rethink about the topic of human essence. As we know, human beings have no absolute, fixed essence. The essence of human beings is the combination of an innate substrate and acquired creation. As the degree of machine intelligence in the development of human society continues to increase, human beings are constantly changing and creating their own essence, and they are also constantly liberated from the bondage of a certain single old essence, creating and enriching the richer and more diverse aspects of its essence. The transformation of labor fro

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Wu, Kun, and Kaiyan Da. "The Impact of Intelligent Society on Human Essence and the New Evolution of Humans." Proceedings 47, no. 1 (May 15, 2020): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2020047044.

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When we enter intelligent society, we need to rethink about the topic of human essence. As we know, human beings have no absolute, fixed essence. The essence of human beings is the combination of an innate substrate and acquired creation. As the degree of machine intelligence in the development of human society continues to increase, human beings are constantly changing and creating their own essence, and they are also constantly liberated from the bondage of a certain single old essence, creating and enriching the richer and more diverse aspects of its essence. The transformation of labor fro

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Duché, Geneviève, Pall Thordarson, and Matthew Kearnes. "The importance of reflecting on treatment and post-treatment care when assessing the social aspects of cosmetic nanomedicine and transdermal delivery system." Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine 28 (August 2020): 102214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2020.102214.

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Shizuka, Daizaburo, and David B. McDonald. "The network motif architecture of dominance hierarchies." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 12, no. 105 (April 2015): 20150080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2015.0080.

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The widespread existence of dominance hierarchies has been a central puzzle in social evolution, yet we lack a framework for synthesizing the vast empirical data on hierarchy structure in animal groups. We applied network motif analysis to compare the structures of dominance networks from data published over the past 80 years. Overall patterns of dominance relations, including some aspects of non-interactions, were strikingly similar across disparate group types. For example, nearly all groups exhibited high frequencies of transitive triads, whereas cycles were very rare. Moreover, pass-along

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Kuo, Tsai-Chi, Muniroh Muniroh, and Kristin Halisa Fau. "An Integrated Kano Model, Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process, and Decision Matrix for Sustainable Supplier Selection in Palm Oil Industries Indonesia, a Case Study." Processes 9, no. 6 (June 21, 2021): 1078. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9061078.

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Industries have to integrate environmental, social, and economic aspects into their supply chain management to achieve sustainability. Hence, the industry needs to take appropriate actions in choosing the right suppliers. The aim of this study is to develop a framework for selecting sustainable suppliers by integrating quality management tools using the Kano model, Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process, and Decision Matrix Method. To identify the critical sustainability criteria, the Kano model by the clustering the criteria for sustainable selection supplier was used. We then used the Fuzzy Anal

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22

Fritzen, Katharina, Lutz Heinemann, and Oliver Schnell. "Modeling of Diabetes and Its Clinical Impact." Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology 12, no. 5 (July 13, 2018): 976–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1932296818785642.

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Understanding all aspects of diabetes treatment is hindered by the complexity of this chronic disease and its multifaceted complications and comorbidities, including social and financial impacts. In vivo studies as well as clinical trials provided invaluable information for unraveling not only metabolic processes but also risk estimations of, for example, complications. These approaches are often time- and cost-consuming and have frequently been supported by simulation models. Simulation models provide the opportunity to investigate diabetes treatment from additional viewpoints and with altern

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Kropat, Marcel, Martin A. Hubbe, and Frederik Laleicke. "Natural, accelerated, and simulated weathering of wood: A Review." BioResources 15, no. 4 (October 20, 2020): 9998–10062. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.15.4.kropat.

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This review considers three aspects of the weathering of wood – natural weathering, accelerated weathering, and simulated weathering. Natural weathering begins when unprotected wood, such as an unpainted board, is exposed to cycles of solar radiation and rain. Unpainted barns and fenceposts take on a gray coloration and their surfaces may become rough, loosened, or checked with the passage of time. The underlying causes of such changes involve ultraviolet light, the effects of cyclic wetting and drying, and the action of certain fungi. Accelerated weathering tests have been used not only to ev

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Gravish, Nick, Mateo Garcia, Nicole Mazouchova, Laura Levy, Paul B. Umbanhowar, Michael A. D. Goodisman, and Daniel I. Goldman. "Effects of worker size on the dynamics of fire ant tunnel construction." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 9, no. 77 (August 22, 2012): 3312–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2012.0423.

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Social insects work together to complete tasks. However, different individuals within a colony may vary in task proficiency. We investigated if fire ant ( Solenopsis invicta ) worker body size influenced the ability to construct tunnels—a key component of subterranean nests. We monitored excavation by worker groups in a substrate of small wetted glass particles in quasi-two-dimensional arenas. Morphological and network features of the tunnel system were measured. Total tunnel area did not differ significantly between groups of large and small workers, although the tunnel area of control sized

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Freudenmann, Thomas, Hans-Joachim Gehrmann, Krasimir Aleksandrov, Mohanad El-Haji, and Dieter Stapf. "Hybrid Models for Efficient Control, Optimization, and Monitoring of Thermo-Chemical Processes and Plants." Processes 9, no. 3 (March 12, 2021): 515. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9030515.

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This paper describes a procedure and an IT product that combine numerical models, expert knowledge, and data-based models through artificial intelligence (AI)-based hybrid models to enable the integrated control, optimization, and monitoring of processes and plants. The working principle of the hybrid model is demonstrated by NOx reduction through guided oscillating combustion at the pulverized fuel boiler pilot incineration plant at the Institute for Technical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. The presented example refers to coal firing, but the approach can be easily applied to a

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Perc, Matjaž. "Beauty in artistic expressions through the eyes of networks and physics." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 17, no. 164 (March 2020): 20190686. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2019.0686.

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Beauty is subjective, and as such it, of course, cannot be defined in absolute terms. But we all know or feel when something is beautiful to us personally. And in such instances, methods of statistical physics and network science can be used to quantify and to better understand what it is that evokes that pleasant feeling, be it when reading a book or looking at a painting. Indeed, recent large-scale explorations of digital data have lifted the veil on many aspects of our artistic expressions that would remain forever hidden in smaller samples. From the determination of complexity and entropy

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Hanson, J. W., S. G. Ortman, and J. Lobo. "Urbanism and the division of labour in the Roman Empire." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 14, no. 136 (November 2017): 20170367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2017.0367.

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One of the hallmarks of human agglomeration is an increase in the division of labour, but the exact nature of this relationship has been debated among anthropologists, sociologists, economists, and historians and archaeologists. Over the last decade, researchers investigating contemporary urban systems have suggested a novel explanation for the links between the numbers of inhabitants in settlements and many of their most important characteristics, which is grounded in a view of settlements as social networks embedded in built environments. One of the remarkable aspects of this approach is tha

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Pop-Jordanova, Nada D., and Momir H. Polenakovic. "Psychological Characteristics of Patients Treated by Chronic Maintenance Hemodialysis." International Journal of Artificial Organs 36, no. 2 (January 18, 2013): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/ijao.5000188.

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Studies related to psychological aspects of dialysis patients show that depression and anxiety are the most common characteristics. The aim of our study was to analyze the personality profile in patients on chronic maintenance dialysis and to evaluate more specifically the level of depression. The total number of patients was 68 (30 females and 38 males), with mean age 62.3 and 56.5 for females and males respectively. Mean duration of dialysis was 6.73 years for females and 6.68 years for men (the period varied from 0.5 to 18 years). For the evaluation of psychological characteristics, we used

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Duca, Daniele, Giuseppe Toscano, Ester Foppa Pedretti, and Giovanni Riva. "Sustainability of sunflower cultivation for biodiesel production in central Italy according to the Renewable Energy Directive methodology." Journal of Agricultural Engineering 44, no. 4 (February 28, 2014): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jae.2013.222.

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The use of renewable energies as alternative to fossil fuels has value from different points of view and has effects at environmental, social and economic level. These aspects are often connected to each other and together define the overall sustainability of bioenergy. At European level, the Directive 2009/28/EC gives the basic criteria for the estimation of sustainability of biofuels and indicates a minimum threshold of 35% of greenhouse gas saving for a biofuel in order to be considered sustainable. The Directive gives the possibility to identify standard regional values for the cultivation

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Siani, Alessandro, and Sarah Anne Marley. "Impact of the recreational use of virtual reality on physical and mental wellbeing during the Covid-19 lockdown." Health and Technology 11, no. 2 (February 14, 2021): 425–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12553-021-00528-8.

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AbstractThe Covid-19 pandemic has brought about significant changes to most aspects of our lives. As a result of the quarantine enforced by governments and authorities worldwide, people had to suddenly adapt their daily routines, including work, study, diet, leisure and fitness activities to the new circumstances. A growing body of research indicates that the engagement with virtual reality (VR) activities can have a positive impact on users’ mental and physical wellbeing. This study aims to evaluate the impact of VR activities on users under lockdown due to the Covid-19 pandemic. An online su

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Gaworski, Marek, Chloé de Cacheleu, Clémentine Inghels, Lucie Leurs, Camille Mazarguil, Bertille Ringot, and Chiu Tzu-Chen. "The Topic of the Ideal Dairy Farm Can Inspire How to Assess Knowledge about Dairy Production Processes: A Case Study with Students and Their Contributions." Processes 9, no. 8 (August 2, 2021): 1357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9081357.

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The dairy farm and on-farm production processes are the subject of numerous evaluations. These are not only evaluations of the economic efficiency of milk production. Opinions expressed by various social groups are also an important contribution to improving the approach to milk production on the farm. As a result of such opinions, a vision of an ideal dairy farm may be formed. The aim of the study was to develop the thematic area of an ideal dairy farm in the opinion of two groups of students who were learning remotely (in the distance learning system) due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The first

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Shrestha, Shiva Kumar. "Sustainable soil management practices." World Journal of Science, Technology and Sustainable Development 12, no. 1 (January 5, 2015): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wjstsd-07-2014-0015.

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Purpose – Temporary and permanent decline in the productive capacity of the land due to natural and human-induced activities such as soil erosion, changing cropping practices and less use of organic matter (OM) has been the greatest challenge faced by mankind in recent years, particularly in the hills and mountains of Nepal. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to examine the effectiveness of sustainable soil management practices to mitigate desertification process in the hills of Nepal. Design/methodology/approach – Promotion of sustainable soil management (SSM) practices through a decentralis

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Grimaldi, Giuliana, Mario Manto, and Yassin Jdaoudi. "Quality parameters for a multimodal EEG/EMG/kinematic brain-computer interface (BCI) aiming to suppress neurological tremor in upper limbs." F1000Research 2 (December 20, 2013): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.2-282.v1.

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Tremor is the most common movement disorder encountered during daily neurological practice. Tremor in the upper limbs causes functional disability and social inconvenience, impairing daily life activities. The response of tremor to pharmacotherapy is variable. Therefore, a combination of drugs is often required. Surgery is considered when the response to medications is not sufficient. However, about one third of patients are refractory to current treatments. New bioengineering therapies are emerging as possible alternatives. Our study was carried out in the framework of the European project “T

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Grimaldi, Giuliana, Mario Manto, and Yassin Jdaoudi. "Quality parameters for a multimodal EEG/EMG/kinematic brain-computer interface (BCI) aiming to suppress neurological tremor in upper limbs." F1000Research 2 (April 30, 2014): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.2-282.v2.

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Tremor is the most common movement disorder encountered during daily neurological practice. Tremor in the upper limbs causes functional disability and social inconvenience, impairing daily life activities. The response of tremor to pharmacotherapy is variable. Therefore, a combination of drugs is often required. Surgery is considered when the response to medications is not sufficient. However, about one third of patients are refractory to current treatments. New bioengineering therapies are emerging as possible alternatives. Our study was carried out in the framework of the European project “T

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Mabrouk, Mai S., Samir Y. Marzouk, and Heba M. Afify. "INVESTIGATION OF QUALITY IMPROVEMENT STRATEGIES WITHIN EGYPTIAN DENTAL CLINICS." Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications 31, no. 01 (February 2019): 1950006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s1016237219500066.

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There is a demand to evaluate the quality of dental clinics for improving the healthcare of dentistry sector. The American Dental Education Association (ADEA) presented the quality factors in a dental career which are technical skills, ethics, expertise and cost in the light of the international criterions of dental instruments. There is the low possibility that is still untapped in the aspect of the quality program for dental clinics because of lack of awareness, unapplied of total quality management (TQM) principles and fabrication of a mismatch between the patient needs and the services pro

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Lima, Eduardo José, Marcelo Henrique Souza Bomfim, and Miguel Augusto de Miranda Mourão. "POLIBOT – POwer Lines Inspection RoBOT." Industrial Robot: An International Journal 45, no. 1 (January 15, 2018): 98–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ir-08-2016-0217.

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Purpose Several studies have aimed to develop robotic systems which move in transmission lines. Until this moment, all of them have a high weight and cost associated with the equipment and reduced battery autonomy time. In this context, this paper aims to propose the POLIBOT (POwer Lines Inspection roBOT) with low cost and weight, enabling the movement over the lines and an easier installation and remove. Design/methodology/approach The designed robot uses the Profiles Manufacturing Methodology (PMM). The construction of the robot mechanical structure uses modularized aluminum parts built thro

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Pattrick, Jonathan G., Hamish A. Symington, Walter Federle, and Beverley J. Glover. "The mechanics of nectar offloading in the bumblebee Bombus terrestris and implications for optimal concentrations during nectar foraging." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 17, no. 162 (January 2020): 20190632. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2019.0632.

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Nectar is a common reward provided by plants for pollinators. More concentrated nectar is more rewarding, but also more viscous, and hence more time-consuming to drink. Consequently, theory predicts an optimum concentration for maximizing energy uptake rate, dependent on the mechanics of feeding. For social pollinators such as bumblebees, another important but little-studied aspect of foraging is nectar offloading upon return to the nest. Studying the bumblebee Bombus terrestris , we found that the relationship between viscosity ( µ ) and volumetric transfer rates ( Q ) of sucrose solutions di

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Arcila Rios, Catherine, Vanessa Paola Montes Buelvas, and Juan Guillermo Barreneche Ospina. "Application of a Vital Signs Monitor Usage Training Model." Revista Ingeniería Biomédica 11, no. 22 (October 18, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.24050/19099762.n22.2017.1182.

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Abstract (sommario):

On one hand, technological training on medical devices is a major aspect of the requirements in decree #4725 of 2005 issued by the Invima [1], also health training protocols are an aspect of the resolution 2003 of 2014 issued by the Colombian Ministry of Social Protection [2]. Several Colombian and international regulations indicate the need to perform training on medical devices oriented to clinic users and other personnel. An important aspect to implement user training on medical devices in different health centers is to promote the correct use of these devices, that implies the performing a

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Galesic, Mirta, Henrik Olsson, Jonas Dalege, Tamara van der Does, and Daniel L. Stein. "Integrating social and cognitive aspects of belief dynamics: towards a unifying framework." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 18, no. 176 (March 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2020.0857.

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Abstract (sommario):

Belief change and spread have been studied in many disciplines—from psychology, sociology, economics and philosophy, to biology, computer science and statistical physics—but we still do not have a firm grasp on why some beliefs change more easily and spread faster than others. To fully capture the complex social-cognitive system that gives rise to belief dynamics, we first review insights about structural components and processes of belief dynamics studied within different disciplines. We then outline a unifying quantitative framework that enables theoretical and empirical comparisons of diffe

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Zappavigna, Paolo, and Andrea Brugnoli. "Farms as a resilience factors to land degradation in peri-urban areas." Journal of Agricultural Engineering 44, no. 2s (September 8, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jae.2013.406.

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Abstract (sommario):

The purpose of this study was the analysis of the effects induced by urban pressures on the socio-economic and territorial characteristics of the rural peri-urban areas in order to identify planning and intervention strategies aimed at enhancing the quality of agriculture and landscape. A survey was conducted in the surroundings of Parma on farms located in the vicinity of urban areas. The structural, productive and social characteristics of the family-farm units were analyzed. The survey updated an identical survey, carried out in 1986, in which it was examined a sample of 208 farms. The unit

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Zhang, Ying, Pan Guo, Zhe Ma, Peng Lu, Dereje Kebebe, and Zhidong Liu. "Combination of cell-penetrating peptides with nanomaterials for the potential therapeutics of central nervous system disorders: a review." Journal of Nanobiotechnology 19, no. 1 (August 23, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12951-021-01002-3.

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Abstract (sommario):

AbstractAlthough nanomedicine have greatly developed and human life span has been extended, we have witnessed the soared incidence of central nervous system (CNS) diseases including neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease), ischemic stroke, and brain tumors, which have severely damaged the quality of life and greatly increased the economic and social burdens. Moreover, partial small molecule drugs and almost all large molecule drugs (such as recombinant protein, therapeutic antibody, and nucleic acid) cannot cross the blood–brain barrier. Therefore, it is especiall

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Bassanelli, Chiara, Gian Battista Bischetti, Enrico Antonio Chiaradia, Lorenzo Rossi, and Chiara Vergani. "The contribution of chestnut coppice forests on slope stability in abandoned territory: a case study." Journal of Agricultural Engineering 44, no. 2s (September 8, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jae.2013.254.

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Abstract (sommario):

Sweet chestnut has been for many centuries fundamental for the Italian mountainous economies, where this kind of forest was traditionally managed in short rotation to rapidly produce wood biomass. Due to the social and economic changes, which made such management scheme unprofitable especially on the steep and remote slopes, such practice has been mainly abandoned and most of chestnut forests became over-aged and very dense, causing an increase of localized slope instability. In this work the effect of over-aged chestnut coppice forests on shallow landslides was analysed by evaluating and comp

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