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1
Ruesga, Marcos Antonio García. "Estudo do desempenho da frenagem de um veículo bitrem equipado com ABS, sob distintas configurações desse sistema e do pavimento da via". Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18149/tde-20062011-125809/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
O sistema antibloqueio de freios ABS (Antilock Braking System) é um dispositivo eletrônico-mecânico que complementa o sistema de freio tradicional e tem como objetivo fazer com que as rodas não travem na ocorrência de uma frenagem de emergência ou sob condições de alto perigo como superfície muito escorregadia, chuva forte ou gelo. Como resultado, o veiculo não perde a dirigibilidade fazendo com que o motorista consiga efetuar uma parada muito mais segura e, na maior parte dos casos, num espaço menor do que quando este sistema não se encontra a bordo do veiculo, mesmo que essa não seja a missão principal do ABS. Esta dissertação vai apresentar as diferenças que existem na frenagem de um mesmo bitrem, quando esse está equipado com diferentes tipos de ABS. O termo que vai determinar a \"qualidade\" da frenagem é a eficiência da mesma, ou seja, que percentagem de desaceleração máxima é atingida pelo binômio veículo-ABS numa frenagem em linha reta e pista seca e também com aderência diferenciada lado a lado. Para poder fazer essas estimações simulou-se o sistema de freios ABS com o software Matlab/Simulink. Foi desenvolvido um modelo em multicorpos introduzindo todas as características físicas e dinâmicas de um bitrem. Dados foram obtidos durante as simulações: velocidades, acelerações, forças verticais e tangenciais nas superfícies de contato das rodas, além da eficiência de frenagem. Uma característica fundamental dessa simulação tem sido o fato do bitrem ter dois semireboques ao invés de um só, o que faz com que o veículo combinado às vezes apresente um comportamento diferente do esperado. Foram simuladas as seguintes versões de ABS: 4s4m, 4s3m, 4s2m, 2s2m e 2s1m, sob condições de aderência simétrica e valor 0,6 e condições assimétricas com valores 0,6 e 0,2. No cavalo mecânico, o sistema ABS usado foi o mesmo ao longo da simulação, um 2s2m no eixo dianteiro e 4s4m no tandem. Com condições assimétricas de aderência, a ordem de eficiência dos sistemas foi: o 4s4m (menor distância de parada), depois foi o 4s2m e depois vieram o 4s3m, o 4s2m, o 2s2m e o 2s1m em último lugar.The ABS braking system (Antilock Braking System) is an electronic-mechanical device which along with a conventional braking system is conceived to make the wheels don\'t lock in consequence of an emergency braking or dangerous road conditions such as slippery or icy asphalt or even heavy rain. As a result, car doesn\'t lose control and driver is enabled to perform a much safer stop. It could also require a shorter distance to a full stop although that is not the first purpose of ABS. This dissertation expects to spot the noticeable differences when a truck is stopped with different versions of the ABS. The \"quality\" of breaking is going to be set trough the braking efficiency parameter, i.e. a comparison between the deceleration reached and the maximum reachable by both truck and road conditions, over a straight path and both equal and different grip coefficient on the sides of the truck. The Matlab/Simulink software was used to simulate an ABS breaking system. A multibody model was developed including all physical and dynamical properties of a truck. Every single relevant data was displayed and monitored: velocity, acceleration, vertical and tangential forces on the common surface tire-ground, besides braking efficiency. One remarkable feature of the simulation was the fact that this modelled truck pulls two trailers, which can get to unusual or unexpected behaviour. Namely, the following ABS versions were tested: 4s4m, 4s3m, 4s2m, 2s2m and 2s1m, under symmetric grip of 0,6 and asymmetric grip values of 0,6 and 0,2. The tractor head used invariably a 2s2m on the front axle and 4s4m on the rear tandem. When it comes to asymmetric conditions the ABS versions were ranked this order: 4s4m, 4s2m, 4s3m, 2s2m and finally 2s1m.
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Sartori, Luciane. "Avaliação comparativa de desempenho ambiental de duas caixas de carga de semi-reboque bitrem graneleiro: compósito natural versus compósito sintético". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, 2007. https://repositorio.ucs.br/handle/11338/262.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Este trabalho abrangeu uma avaliação comparativa do desempenho ambiental de dois materiais: o painel de madeira e o painel multilaminar, usados na fabricação de caixas de carga de semi-reboques para o transporte de grãos. A avaliação de desempenho ambiental contemplou as etapas de manufatura, uso e descarte dos painéis. O estudo envolveu a caracterização dos dois processos produtivos, a realização de um balanço de massa, o levantamento do consumo de água e energia de cada processo e uma avaliação ambiental final através da ferramenta de análise de ciclo de vida (ACV). O balanço de massa permitiu avaliar o processo produtivo, e a ACV permitiu avaliar os impactos relativos aos insumos e materiais empregados, o uso e desempenho do produto e opções de descarte após o fim de sua vida útil. O painel multilaminar apresentou melhor desempenho ambiental geral em relação ao painel de madeira, considerando os aspectos avaliados nas diferentes etapas. O material multilaminar oferece aos painéis maior durabilidade, implicando um menor número de reposições para cumprir a mesma unidade funcional. Este aspecto ficou evidenciado na ACV como sendo um fator importante, já que houve menor geração de impacto. Para que a metodologia possa ter plena aplicação na seleção de materiais com atributos ambientais mais adequados, fazem-se necessárias a uniformização dos procedimentos de elaboração dos inventários de ACV e a obtenção de dados nacionais. Este trabalho mostrou a exiqüibilidade de se avaliar o desempenho ambiental de caixas de carga.Submitted by Marcelo Teixeira (mvteixeira@ucs.br) on 2014-05-19T16:08:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Luciane Sartori.pdf: 5271958 bytes, checksum: 45775915a88081b5704a79180a0fd94a (MD5)
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This work presents a comparative evaluation of the environmental performance of two materials: a wood panel and a three layers synthetic panel, both used in the production of the load box of semi-trailer for grains transportation. The evaluation of the environmental performance contemplated the stages of manufacture, use and discarting of the panels. The study involved the characterization of the productive processes of both panels, the accomplishment of a mass balance, the survey of the water and energy consumption of each process and a final environmental performance evaluation using the life cycle assessment (LCA) tool. The mass balance allowed to evaluate the productive process itself, and the LCA, allowed to evaluate the relative impacts related to the insums and materials used, performance of the product and options for discarting after the end of its useful life. The three layers synthetic panel presented better general environmental performance in relation to the wood panel, considering the aspects evaluated in the different stages. The synthetic panel material offers bigger durability for the load box, implying a less number of replacements to fulfill the same functional unit. This aspect was evidenced by LCA as being an important factor, since it had minor impact generation. In order for the methodology to be applicable for the selection of materials with adequate environmental attributes, it is necessary an uniformization of the procedures for the LCA inventory and the creation of national database. This work showed the feasibility of environmental performance of the load box.
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Sullivan, Louella. "Bitten". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017778.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
My poetry investigates the extraordinary in the everyday, exploring my life as a mother and wife, to find the quiet truths that lie there. Using fresh ways of describing familiar experiences, the poems describe tiny, almost-missed moments and voices that have shaped me. Throughout the collection, I imagine my younger selves commenting on my current self and vice versa. Ultimately, my poems use simple words and clean lines to evoke how I feel (and how I want the reader to feel) in each of the moments they describe.
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Fonseca, Lidiane. "Os sons do pastejo". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/110190.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A capacidade de avaliação do comportamento ingestivo e o consumo de forragem por animais é chave para o entendimento dos processos envolvidos no pastejo. Este trabalho foi conduzido na EEA-UFRGS, com o objetivo de investigar a existência de diferentes tipos de bocados, gerados por diferentes formas de preensão, e também por diferenças estruturais no pasto, que por sua vez geram diferentes características acústicas. Investigou-se a hipótese de que a massa do bocado possa ser estimada por estas características. Os tratamentos consistiram de quatro alturas de pasto e duas espécies forrageiras de hábitos de crescimento contrastantes, quais eram: Lolium multiflorum (6, 12 18 e 24 cm) e Cynodon dactylon (12, 19, 26 e 33 cm). As variáveis de pasto avaliadas foram: Altura real, Massa de forragem e Densidade do estrato superior do pasto. Estudou-se formas de avaliar a massa do bocado, sendo elas: Método de dupla pesagem, Método de “hand plucking” e Método calculada por meio de fórmulas de um modelo baseado na literatura. Além disso, se investigou o posicionamento de microfones no método acústico, e a capacidade deste método em estimar a massa do bocado e diferenciar tipos de bocados em simples ou compostos. Os resultados demostram que os métodos de avaliar a massa do bocado possuem linearidade entre si, bem como são lineares as relações com as alturas de pasto estudadas. No entanto, a massa do bocado oriunda do método da dupla pesagem e do método calculado apresentaram valores superestimados, o que pode estar relacionado a elevada densidade do pasto, bem como o alto conteúdo de matéria seca. Não foi encontrada diferença nos posicionamentos dos microfones para avaliação das características acústicas dos bocados. O método acústico mostrou-se capaz de discernir entre bocados simples e compostos, porém, em se tratando de tipos de bocados previamente definidos que possuem distintas massas, este método ainda precisa ser aperfeiçoado.The ability to evaluate the ingestive behavior and herbage intake by grazing animals, are the important aspects to the understanding the grazing processes. This work was carried out at EEA-UFRGS, the aim was study bite types generated by different ways of animal harvest the bite.and diferences in sward structure. We hypothesized that this different bite types generate distinct acoustic characteristics and bite mass, which in turn, may be estimated by acoustics characteristics.The treatments were levels of sward surface height (SSH) in two different forage specie: Lolium multiflorum (6, 12 18 e 24cm) and Cynodon dactylon (12, 19, 26 e 33cm). The sward variables evaluated and discussed on papers in this thesis pasture were: Actual sward surface height, herbage mass and bulk density of superior strata. We had study three ways to estimate the bite mas, which are: Hand plucking, double weighing, and calculated method (based on Baumont et a., 2004 formulas). Furthermore, we study three positions of microfone on animal in bioacustic methodology, besides the ability of this method to estimate the bite mass and discriminate between bite types. The results shown that three methods to evaluate bite mass were linear with each other, and also sith the SSH studied. However, the bite mass from double weighing and Calculated method shown high values, when compared with hand plucking method and others papers, this fact may be due to the high bulk density, as high proportion of dry matter. Was not found differences in microfone position to discriminate different bite types. The acoustic method was able to discriminate single bites and chew bites, however, to the bite types previously defined, which have different bite mass, this methodo still needs to be improved.
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Mangus, Paul. "Match Bitten". University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1619134112811225.
Testo completo
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Fagon, Racquel. "Bitter Orange". NSUWorks, 2009. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/writing_etd/3.
Testo completo
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Bonacho, Ricardo Manuel Carrilho. "Design bites". Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/18520.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Tese de Doutoramento em Design, com a especialização em Design apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Doutor.O estudo apresentado define-se pelo cruzamento do Design com a alimentação, particularmente na aplicação prática do Design no âmbito das Artes Culinárias, seguindo algumas recomendações de investigações anteriores e de casos de referência, de forma a potenciar a aplicação de um modelo de processo criativo em Design no desenvolvimento de produtos, serviços e experiências alimentares no contexto do ensino superior em Artes Culinárias. Esta investigação tem como objetivo contribuir para a delimitação de um campo disciplinar, o Food Design, e tornar a sua aplicação, no contexto das Artes Culinárias, uma prática projetual comum para os desafios propostos pelo sistema alimentar atual. Com a prossecução destes objetivos esperamos também contribuir para a criação de sinergias entre Design e Artes Culinárias e para que o modelo proposto seja passível de ser aplicado em reestruturações curriculares dos cursos superiores de Artes Culinárias e Produção Alimentar. Metodologicamente é uma investigação mista que utilizou sobretudo métodos qualitativos. O processo de investigação foi concebido em três grandes momentos. No primeiro, que corresponde a uma fase teórica, é feita uma revisão e uma crítica da literatura sobre Design, alimentação, criatividade, processo criativo e inovação. Esta primeira parte foi complementada com casos de referência no ensino superior das Artes Culinárias, onde a aplicação de modelos de processo criativo em Design já é adotada. A segunda fase é empírica e engloba a utilização, a recolha e a criação de novos dados sobre a adaptação de um modelo de processo criativo em Design, a ser aplicado na prática projetual dos alunos do Mestrado em Inovação em Artes Culinárias (MIAC) da Escola Superior de Hotelaria e Turismo do Estoril (ESHTE), a partir da disciplina de Food Design. A terceira fase engloba a adaptação do modelo de processo criativo à prática projetual dos alunos do MIAC bem como a avaliação e análise descritiva e qualitativa dos resultados obtidos (produtos, serviços e experiências alimentares). A principal conclusão está relacionada com o facto de ser possível desenvolver e adotar um modelo de processo criativo em Design, bem como ferramentas úteis e pedagógicas que abordem os aspetos mais relevantes do sistema alimentar – neste caso a dieta mediterrânica e o consumo de leguminosas – sem que a sua complexidade seja um fator inibidor do seu uso por futuros chefs. Pretendemos também demonstrar que a clareza e a facilidade de integração do modelo são fatores essenciais para a formação dos alunos, enquanto forma de agregação de conhecimento interdisciplinar para o processo de desenvolvimento de produtos, serviços e experiências alimentares. Outra conclusão prende-se com o facto de a sua aplicação transversal ao programa curricular do mestrado permitir um maior foco do trabalho dos alunos ao englobar o conhecimento de todas as disciplinas com um único fim – o desenvolvimento de produtos, serviços e experiências alimentares – possibilitando a criação de um portfólio culinário amplo, que se afasta por completo do modelo pedagógico mestre-aprendiz. Através das metodologias e do processo criativo utilizado, o Design pode, neste caso, ter um contributo relevante para o desenvolvimento de produtos, serviços e experiências alimentares como agente criador de novos modelos de conhecimento dentro da prática das Artes Culinárias.
ABSTRACT: The study presented is defined by the crossing of design with food, specifically in the practical application of design in the field of culinary arts, following some recommendations from previous studies and reference cases in order to promote the application of a creative process in design in the development of food products, services and experiences in higher education in what concerns the culinary arts. This research aims to contribute to the definition of a disciplinary field, Food Design, and to make its application in the field of culinary arts a common project practice for the challenges offered by the current food system. Through the dissemination of these objectives we also hope to contribute to the creation of synergies between Design and Culinary Arts and to the implementation of the adopted model in curricular restructurings of higher programmes of Culinary Arts and Food Production. Methodologically it is a mixed research that used mainly qualitative methods. The research process was designed in three great moments, where a first theoretical phase presented a review and literary criticism about design, food, creativity, creative process and innovation. The literary criticism was complemented with reference cases in higher education of the culinary arts where the use of creative process models in design have already been adopted. The second phase is empirical and includes the use, collection and creation of new data on the adaptation of a creative process model in design to be applied in the design practice of the students of the Master in Innovation in Culinary Arts (MIAC) at the Estoril Higher Institute for Hotel and Tourism Studies (ESHTE) from the discipline of Food Design. The third phase encompasses the adaptation of the creative process model to MIAC students’ design practice and a descriptive and qualitative evaluation and analysis of the results obtained (food products, services and experiences). The main conclusion is related to the fact that it is possible to develop a creative process model and useful and pedagogical tools that address the most relevant aspects of the food system – in this case the Mediterranean diet and the consumption of pulses – without its complexity being a inhibiting factor to future Chefs. We also intend to demonstrate that the clarity and easiness of integrating the model are essential factors for the growth of students, as it is an interdisciplinary knowledge aggregation model for the process of developing products, services and food experiences. Another conclusion is that its use in the curricular programme of the master’s degree, in a transversal way, allows a greater focus on the work of the students by including the knowledge of all the disciplines with a single end – the development of products, services and alimentary experiences – allowing for the creation of a broad culinary portfolio that departs completely from the master-apprentice pedagogical model. Design, in this case through creative methodologies and processes, has a relevant contribution to the development of food products, services and experiences as an agent that creates new knowledge models within the Culinary Arts practice, thus broadening the field of action of Food Design.
N/A
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Snyder, Melissa, B. R. Terry e Gayatri Jaishankar. "A Bitter Pill to Swallow". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8863.
Testo completo
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Sinha, Saswati Dolly. ""When the Dog Bites..." A Socio-ecological Approach to Dog Bite Injury Prevention by Targeting Dog Owners in the United States". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/123.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The CDC estimates that 4.7 million Americans get bitten by dogs every year. Most of these dog bite injuries involve a family-owned pet and a household member or person familiar to the dog. This capstone examines six topics: dog bite injuries and its impact on communities; new strategies for dog bite injury prevention; incidence of dog bite injuries requiring emergency room treatment among children from 2001 to 2008; dog bite injury healthcare costs; implementation of dog bite injury prevention; and legal issues and outcomes in dog bite injury. A novel approach to dog bite injury research should include a socio-ecological perspective that captures complex risk factors surrounding behavior and sociological background of dog owners before, during, and after dog bite injury incidence that is collected in a national integrated data system and translates prevention science effectively according to the CDC Injury Research Agenda.
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Härner, Johan, e Isak Ciliz. "Första biten rätt". Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-50393.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Det här examensarbetet är utfört på Scania i Södertälje, avdelning 3393, byggnad 075.Avdelningen tillverkar kronhjul och pinjonger till centralväxlar. Första biten rätt innebär attsamtliga toleranssatta mått på det första bearbetade kronhjulet efter rigg hamnar inomtolerans. Syftet med examensarbetet är att undersöka vilka faktorer som påverkar det förstafrästa kronhjulet efter rigg. En handlingsplan kommer att skapas för att beskriva hur förstabiten rätt kommer att åstadkommas. Lösningen för att uppnå första biten rätt är att användastandardiserade korrigeringsvärden till fräsmaskinerna vid start av en ny order.Korrigeringsvärden är de parametrar i fräsprogrammet som används för att göra ändringar ifräsmaskinerna. För att kunna använda standardiserade korrigeringsvärden till fräsmaskinenkrävs att samtliga processer som är innan fräsmaskinen repeterar med hög noggrannhet.Vanliga fel på kronhjulen vid fräsning efter riggning är kuggtjocklek, ingreppsvinkel samtspiralvinkel. Dessa fel beror på fräsen och är troligen en funktion av hur väl de tidigareprocesserna repeterar. Därför har de processerna som är innan fräsmaskinen undersökts medolika tester. Testerna har resulterat i en handlingsplan i form av en pyramid som steg för steginstruerar om vad som måste göras för att nå målet med första frästa kronhjul efter rigg inomtolerans.Pyramiden innehåller stegen basgeometri skär, toppgeometri skär, fräskropp, bygga fräs,ämnen, rigga fräsmaskin, korrigeringsvärden.Basgeometrierna på skären måste kunna vara homogena om första frästa biten skall hamnainom tolerans. Vid variationer av basgeometrin finns risk för att skären kommer att hamnaolika i maskinfixturerna och fräskropparna.Toppgeometrierna på skären är de ytor som gör den faktiska bearbetningen av kronhjulen.Dessa ytor måste vara inom tolerans.Fräskropparna måste kunna kontrolleras och vid behov justeras så att samtliga fräskroppar ärlikvärdiga.Genom att bygga fräsen med hjälp av passbit och indikatorklocka kan fräshöjden bestämmaspå några tusendelars millimeter.De ämnen som kommer till fräsmaskinen från svarven måste vara väl definierade så att intevariationer på ämnet utgör hinder för fräsningen.Riggningen av fräsmaskinen skall utföras efter en riggstandard på ett sådant sätt att det går attrepetera och kontrollera.När de första sex stegen i pyramiden är uppfyllda är det möjligt att börja fräsa. Genom attanalysera ett antal godkända kronhjul efter fräsningen kan de standardiseradekorrigeringsvärdena beräknas.När samtliga steg i den ovanstående handlingsplanen är uppfyllda bör målet med första frästakronhjul inom tolerans vara uppfyllt.This thesis work is carried out at Scania in Södertälje, department 3393, building 075.The department produces the crown wheel and pinion to the central switch. First piece rightmeans that all measurements with tolerances of the first milled crown wheel after set up fallswithin tolerance. The aim of the project is to investigate the factors that influence the firstmilled crown wheel after set up. Furthermore, an action plan is created that describes how thefirst piece right is to be achieved. To achieve the first piece right, standardized correctionvalues for milling machines will be used at the start of a new order. Correction values are theparameters of the milling program used to make changes to the milling machine. In order touse standardized correction values to the milling machine it is required that all the processesrepeats with high accuracy.Common errors on the cut crown wheels after set up of the milling machine are tooththickness, pressure angle and spiral angle. These errors depend on the cutter and are probablya function of how well the previous processes repeat. Therefore, have the processes beenstudied with various tests. The tests have resulted in an action plan in the form of a pyramidwhich gradually instructs about what must be done to reach the target with the first milledcrown wheel after set up within tolerance.The pyramid contains the steps base geometry of the blades, top geometry of the blades, cutterbody, building cutter, materials, set up of the milling machine, correction values.The base geometry of the blades must be homogeneous if the first crown wheel shall fallwithin tolerance. If there are variations of the base geometry on the blades, there is a risk thatthe blades will be placed differently in the fixtures of the machines and the cutter bodies.The top geometries of the blades are the surfaces that do the actual milling of the crownwheels. These surfaces must be within tolerance.The cutter body must be checked and adjusted if necessary, so that all the cutter bodies areequivalent.The cutter will be built by using a leftover board piece and an indicator clock to get a firmedcutter height which gives a difference in height within a few thousand of millimetres.The materials that come to the milling machine from the lathe must be well defined so that novariation from the materials causes any problems for the milling.The set up of the milling machine shall be performed after a standard set up in such a way thatit is possible to repeat and verify.When the first six steps of this pyramid are satisfied, it is possible to begin to mill. Byanalyzing a number of approved crown wheels after milling, the correction values to be usedas default values are calculated.When all steps in the pyramid are satisfied the goal with milling the first crown wheel after setup within tolerance will be satisfied.
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Bitter, Thorsten [Verfasser]. "Objektivierung des dynamischen Sitzkomforts / Thorsten Bitter". Aachen : Shaker, 2006. http://d-nb.info/1186583568/34.
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Dhondt, Axel. "Impacts du procédé de fabrication sur les propriétés thermorhéologiques de liants routiers purs et modifiés aux polymères". Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MTLD0010.
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Volmer, Ludger, e Lars Brozus. "Mehr machtpolitische Sozialisierung, bitte!" Universität Potsdam, 2005. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/texte_eingeschraenkt_welttrends/2010/4760/.
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Florez, Koechlin Renzo, Avila Linda Geraldine Laura, Chavez Marco Alonso Montano, Beltran María Fe Raffo e De Andrea Rafaella Nunzia Sueyras. "Keto Bites: Zucchini Chips". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/651769.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Actualmente, el mercado de snacks en el Perú mueve $150 millones al año. Un pequeño segmento de este mercado se ve representado por los snacks saludables, que se encuentran en rápido crecimiento en estos últimos años. Según un estudio realizado por la consultora AiniaForward, el 50% de los consumidores asegura que ha aumentado su consumo de snacks saludables debido a una creciente preocupación por su salud, incremento en la oferta de productos de este tipo, mayor conveniencia y cambios en los hábitos consumo. Sin embargo, casi el 60% de los consumidores consultados declara que mejoraría los snacks actuales potenciando, sobre todo, el factor natural.
Dado este contexto, es oportuno señalar nuestro objetivo con este proyecto que es precisamente, atender a las necesidades del mercado de productos saludables. Nuestra propuesta de negocio se enfoca en el desarrollo y lanzamiento de un snack saludable al mercado limeño a través de eco tiendas, eco ferias y medios digitales. Nuestro producto se elabora en base de zucchini deshidratado que es bajo en carbohidratos y calorías, que brinda las propiedades de una dieta cetogénica, con la inmediatez de consumo y conveniencia de un snack. Una dieta cetogénica es efectiva para la pérdida rápida de peso, y que incluso tiene un efectivo positivo para las personas que padecen de diabetes ya que ayuda con la reducción de la insulina.
Se estima que el tamaño de mercado para Keto Bites es de 69518 habitantes, lo que representa un tamaño de mercado de s/. 63’623,040. Finalmente, se estima que durante los 3 años del proyecto se alcanzarán ventas por S/.756,623. Se tendrá valor financiero de S/.95,887 soles y con un retorno de la inversión en menos de 1 año.Currently, the snack market in Peru moves $150 million annually. A small segment in this market is represented by healthy snacks, which are growing rapidly in recent years. According to a study by the consulting firm AiniaForward, 50% of consumers say that their consumption of healthy snacks has increased due to a growing concern for their health, increased offer of products of this type, greater convenience and changes in habits consumption. However, almost 60% of the consumers consulted declare that they would improve upon the current snacks, promoting, above all, the natural factor. Given this context, it is appropriate to point out our objective with this project, which is precisely to meet the needs of the market for healthy products. Our business proposal focuses on the development and launch of healthy snacks to the Lima market through eco stores, eco fairs and digital media. Our product is made out of dehydrated zucchini, low in carbohydrates and calories that provide the properties of a ketogenic diet, with the immediacy of consumption and convenience of a snack. A ketogenic diet is effective for rapid weight loss, and it even has a positive effective for people suffering from diabetes as it helps with insulin reduction. It is estimated that the market size for Keto Bites is 69,518 inhabitants, which represents a market size of s/. 63’623,040. Finally, the sales estimates over the three year of operation is S/. 756,623. It will have a financial value of S/.95,887 and a return on investment in less than 1 years.
Trabajo de investigación
15
Yan, Xili. "Comportement mécanique des enrobes au bitume et au bitume-polymère (Styrelf 13) : Utilisation de l'essai triaxial de révolution". Lyon, INSA, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ISAL0024.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Cette étude traite du comportement mécanique des enrobés bitumineux. Une importante campagne expérimentale est présentée, elle comporte deux phases : la confection des échantillons et la réalisation des essais mécaniques. Deux sort es de variables d'essais sont donc distinguées : les variables de formulation et les variables de sollicitation. Une étude expérimentale, à l'aide d'un appareil triaxial de révolution régulé en température, est réalisée. L'influence de la teneur en liant, de la compacité, de la température, de la pression de confinement et de la vitesse déformation correspondent à des aspects spécifiquement étudiés, pour deux types de matériaux traités respectivement au bitume classique et au bitume-polymère (Styrelf 13). Le comportement mécanique des enrobés est analysé, à l'aide d'une étude statistique effectuée au Centre de Recherche ELF Solaize (CRES) d'une part et à partir de l'interprétation des essais réalisés au Laboratoire Géomatériaux de l' ENTPE d' autre part. Un critère de rupture est proposé pour les enrobés bitumineux. Des différences. Des propriétés mécaniques entre les enrobés au bitume et au Styrelf 13 sont mises en évidenceThis research deals with the mechanical behaviour of bituminous mixture. A large experimental project comprising of two principal stages has been performed The first one concerns the preparation of the samples and the second deals with the accomplishment of the mechanical tests. Two types of variables in the tests can be distinguished: formulation variables and loading pattern variables. An experimental study based on temperature regulated triaxial revolution tests has been performed. The influence of the binder content, the compactness, the temperature, the confinement pressure and the axial strain rate were the principal aspects of the studied, for two types of materials treated respectively with classical bitumen and with polymer bitumen (Styrelf 13). The mechanical behaviour of the bituminous mixtures has been analysed, on one hand with a statistical study performed at the "Centre de Recherche ELF Solaize (CRES)", and on the other hand with the interpretation of the performed tests at the "Laboratoire Géomatériaux" of the "ENTPE". Finally, a failure criteria has been proposed for the materials "bituminous mixtures". Some differencies in the mechanical properties the mixtures treated with bitumen and with Styrelf 13 have been specified
16
Bitter, Natalia [Verfasser]. "Schutz deutscher Investitionen in Russland / Natalia Bitter". Baden-Baden : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1107613663/34.
Testo completo
17
Girard, Matthieu. "Biofiltration des vapeurs de bitume - aspects opérationnels". Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24612/24612.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Cette étude a été menée dans le cadre d’un souci des nuisances olfactives présentes autour d’une usine de mélange et de stockage de bitume polymérisé. Le traitement par biofiltration des vapeurs émanant de ce bitume présente un défi particulier puisque cet effluent combine des composés odorants avec des composés organiques volatils (COV). L’objectif général de l’étude était de déterminer l’applicabilité de la biofiltration pour le traitement d’air chargé en vapeurs de bitume.
Une analyse exhaustive des vapeurs de bitume a d’abord permis d’identifier plus de 100 composés. Cette analyse a ensuite été utilisée pour créer un mélange gazeux synthétique représentatif des vapeurs de bitume : H2S et cinq COV (hexane, décane, toluène, p-xylène et thiophène). Deux biofiltres pilotes ont alors été alimentés avec cet air vicié pendant une période de 106 jours. Le biofiltre 1 était un système simple en une étape et le biofiltre 2 était un système double en deux étapes distinctes. Les pilotes, d’un diamètre de 25 cm, étaient garnis sur 1 et 2 m avec un milieu organique pour obtenir des temps de résidence en fût vide de 36 et 72 secondes respectivement.
Les résultats obtenus démontrent qu’une période d’environ 50 jours a été nécessaire pour atteindre le régime stationnaire. Les deux pilotes ont présenté de très bonnes performances épuratoires pour l’H2S; l’enlèvement quasi total de ce composé a été observé après quelques semaines et s’est maintenu pendant toute la durée subséquente de l’expérience. Par contre, le traitement des COV était nettement moins efficace. Le pilote 1 a seulement atteint une efficacité de 20% tandis le pilote 2 a atteint 60%. Les capacités épuratoires maximales ont été obtenues avec le pilote 2 et correspondent à 25 g•m-3•h-1 pour l’H2S et à 5,3 g•m-3•h-1 pour les COV.
Ce projet a permis de démontrer le potentiel de la biofiltration pour le traitement simultané d’H2S et de COV. Il a également été possible d’établir certaines conditions d’opération nécessaire au bon fonctionnement du procédé et de déterminer qu’un système en deux étapes serait mieux adapté au traitement des vapeurs de bitume.This study was carried out in response to odour problems around a polymer-modified bitumen mixing and storage plant. Biofiltration of these bitumen vapours presents an interesting challenge since they combine odorous substances with volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The general objective of this study was to determine the potential of biofiltration for the treatment of air containing bitumen vapours. By means of a detailed analysis of the bitumen vapours, it was possible to identify over a 100 compounds. This analysis was then used to create a synthetic gas which was representative of the bitumen vapours: H2S and five VOCs (hexane, decane, toluene, p-xylene and thiophene). Two pilot-scale biofilters were operated using this synthetic gas for a period of 106 days. Biofilter 1 was a single-stage system while biofilter 2 was a two-stage system. The biofilters, 25 cm in diameter, were filled with 1 and 2 m of an organic filter medium to obtain empty bed residence times of 36 and 72 seconds respectively. Results demonstrated that a period of about 50 days was necessary to reach a steady state. The two biofilters performed very well in regards to H2S; the complete removal of this compound was observed after a few weeks and was subsequently maintained for the rest of the experiment. However, VOC elimination was much less efficient. Biofilter 1 was only able to treat 20% of the inlet concentration while biofilter 2 removed 60%. Maximum elimination capacities of 25 g•m-3•h-1 for H2S and 5.3 g•m-3•h-1 for VOCs were obtained with biofilter 2. This project demonstrated the potential of biofiltration for the simultaneous treatment of H2S and VOCs. It was also possible to establish certain operating conditions necessary for proper operation and to determine that a two-stage system would be more efficient for the treatment of bitumen vapours.
18
Breton, Laurence. "BITUME, SILLONS, MATIÈRE : LE QUESTIONNEMENT DES ÉCARTS". Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27922/27922.pdf.
Testo completo
19
Medina, Juan Pablo. "Bitter beers: a spatial orientation problem solved". Revista de Química, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/99714.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
La determinación de la estereoquímica en los compuestos orgánicos ha sido un problema que la comunidad científica ha ido dando solución a lo largo de los años. Diferentes métodos han surgido, como la difracción de rayos X o los distintos tipos de Resonancia Magnética (RMN). Sin embargo, se acaba de descubrir que el método utilizado hasta ahora en la determinación de la configuración absoluta de los α-ácidos, que provienen del lúpulo utilizado en la elaboración de las cervezas bitter, parece que no era el correcto.Determination of the stereochemistry of organic compounds has been a problem that the scientific community has been giving solution to over the years. Different methods have emerged, such as X-ray Diffraction or different types of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). However, it just has been discovered that the method used in the determination of the absolute configuration of the α-acids derived from hops used in the manufacture of bitter beers, was not the appropriate.
20
Witney, Guy W. "Physiological studies of bitter pit in apple". Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54444.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In a series of related experiment: some aspects of the histology and physiology of the disorder bitter pit in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) were studied.
A two year field study was conducted to induce consistent bitter pit development in type ’Delicious’ (D) and ’Golden Delicious’ (GD) apple fruit. Multiple spray treatments of CaCl₂ and MgCl₂, combined with paper bag fruit covers, were applied and subsequent bitter pit development examined. The main effect of bags in both cultivars was increased pit development, decreased Ca in fruit and increased fruit K. CaCl₂ sprays resulted in less pit development, increased Ca in fruit, and less fruit Mg. MgCl₂ sprays resulted in increased bitter pit, decreased fruit Ca, and increased fruit Mg. Overall, field treatments provided a wide range of bitter pit incidence after storage, from 100% (bag and MgCl₂ spray combined) to 3% (CaCl₂ spray alone) in both D and GD.
The cellular morphology of pitted apple fruit from field trees was examined using transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The overall tissue morphology of both cultivars was similar, but in pitted tissues differences were observed in tannin localization, starch hydrolysis, and cell wall morphology. Cation levels in the tissues were examined using X-ray microanalysis. High Mg levels were localized in pit cells, while K levels were similar in both healthy and pitted cells. Ca levels in both tissue types were too low to be detected by this method.
Using ’Golden Delicious’ fruit from the field study, the relationship between pyruvate kinase activity, fruit cation concentration and bitter pit was investigated. Pyruvate kinase activity during early fruit growth was higher in fruit which developed 100% bitter pit after storage (MgCl, spray + bag), than in fruit that developed 3% bitter pit (CaCl₂ spray). Fruit with a high bitter pit incidence had a lower Ca: Mg + K ratio than fruit with a low level of the disorder. There was a strong positive correlation between enzyme activity early in the season and bitter pit incidence alter storage. An assay for pyruvate kinase may be valuable for early prediction of postharvest bitter pit development.
Finally, the qualitative electrophoretic patterns of soluble fruit proteins from each treatment were examined starting early in the season and continuing until termination of fruit storage. Patterns from all treatments were almost identical throughout the season.Ph. D.
21
Rablen, Stephen Ford. "Visualisation of Magnetic Structures by bitter decoration". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.518465.
Testo completo
22
Kolpakova, Jenya. "Childhood cat bites and disorganized symptoms of schizotypy in adulthood". Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/862.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
During recent years of schizophrenia research, many etiologies have been emphasized, some of them implicating infectious and autoimmune diseases. Many different infectious agents have been examined, but the root seems to stem from the secondary autoimmune deregulation, which can be caused by different infectious agents. Among the effects that autoimmune deregulation has on the body, one prominent effect is on the brain, resulting in either severe or mild encephalitis. The mild encephalitis that has been implicated as one of the causes of schizophrenia-spectrum disorders has been associated with different pathogens, many of which can be transmitted by the household cat. Thus in the present research we have used the schizotypy personality construct model as an analog for schizophrenia spectrum disorders, and the relationship between current schizotypy and childhood household cat interactions were examined. An online questionnaire was completed by 356 undergraduate students and assessed the current schizotypy using the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire Brief Revised (SPQ-BR), as well as questions about cat ownership and cat bites (puncturing skin) prior to age 13. While no significant relationship was found between childhood cat ownership and current schizotypy, individuals endorsing a cat bite prior to age 13 (N = 66) reported a significantly higher level of current overall schizotypy, which was largely driven by the Disorganized factor of the SPQ-BR.. This relationship should be explored further by examining the antibodies and sera of individuals with the schizophrenia spectrum disorder.B.S.
Bachelors
Sciences
Psychology
23
Ramcke, Torben [Verfasser]. "The function of RORγt+Foxp3+ biTregs in glomerulonephritis : Die Rolle von RORγt+Foxp3+ biTregs im Rahmen der Glomerulonephritis / Torben Ramcke". Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1221721011/34.
Testo completo
24
El, Beze Laëtitia. "Recyclage à chaud des agrégats d'enrobés bitumeux : identification de traceurs d'homogénéité du mélange entre bitume vieilli et bitume neuf d'apport". Aix-Marseille 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX30044.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Dans le domaine routier, les enjeux économiques et environnementaux du recyclage ont pris une telle importance que l'utilisation de matériaux recyclés est devenue une option dont l'examen est incontournable. Dans le cas du recyclage à chaud des agrégats d'enrobés bitumineux, le matériau issu généralement du rabotage de la couche de roulement de la chaussée, est mélangé à chaud à un liant neuf d'apport. Malgré les progrès réalisés, cette filière de valorisation n'a pas atteint son plein potentiel. Les processus de mélange entre liant vieilli de l'agrégat bitumineux à recycler et liant neuf d'apport sont encore insuffisamment identifiés et mal maîtrisés, et peuvent être mis en cause en cas de dégradation anormale de l'enrobé final. Pour la première fois, la question est abordée par une approche microscopique basée sur l'utilisation de traceurs, pour caractériser de façon directe et in situ le niveau d'homogénéité du mélange de bitumes vieilli et neuf, dans un enrobé recyclé modèle de laboratoireIn the road field, recycling is become more and more important for both economical and environmental concerns. In the case of hot-mix asphalt recycling process, the reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) is generally mixed with a virgin binder at high temperature. Despite technical progress, this way of valorization has not reached its full potential. The mixing process between the aged binder of the reclaimed asphalt pavement and the new asphalt bituminous binder are still insufficiently described and brought under control, and could be involved in unusual damages processes of the final asphalt pavement. For the first time, a microscopic approach based on tracers is used to directly characterize by an in-situ means, the homogeneity level of the mixture of aged and new bituminous binders for a laboratory model of recycled asphalt pavement
25
Chen, Qixuan. "Anti-obesity effect of bitter melon (Momordica charantia)". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31048778.
Testo completo
26
Chen, Qixuan, e 陳起萱. "Anti-obesity effect of bitter melon (Momordica charantia)". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31048778.
Testo completo
27
Cho, Myong J. "Characterization of bitter peptides from soy protein hydrolysates /". free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9998475.
Testo completo
28
Mueller, Kenneth L. "A study of mammalian bitter taste and coding /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3142451.
Testo completo
29
Clapp, Tod R. "Characterization of IP₃ receptors in bitter taste transduction". Access citation, abstract and download form; downloadable file 3.78 Mb, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3131664.
Testo completo
30
Mweetwa, Alice Mutiti. "Biosynthesis of Steroidal Glycoakaloids in Solanum chacoense Bitter". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28572.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Steroidal glycoalkaloids (SGAs) are secondary metabolites produced by approximately 350 species in the Solanaceae family. SGAs are reported to be important for pest resistance and flavor enhancement at low concentrations but are toxic to humans and other mammals at high concentrations. Studies on sterol / SGA biosynthesis have implicated squalene synthase as a key regulatory enzyme because it catalyzes an irreversible step from the mevalonic acid pathway. However, the regulatory mechanisms of squalene synthase are not yet known. A study was conducted to elucidate the distribution pattern of SGAs and to clone the squalene synthase gene in order to determine a relationship between SGAs and gene expression levels. Solanum chacoense, a wild potato species was used as a model plant from which tissues were harvested at specified developmental stages and analyzed for SGA content. The results from the SGA analysis suggest a qualitative and quantitative tissue- and age-dependent accumulation of SGAs. Regenerative tissues such as, axiliary shoots, flowers and floral buds had the highest levels of 88, 49 and 63 µmole/g DW, respectively. The roots, stems and tubers showed the lowest amounts of SGAs of 1 to 8, 5 to 15 and 7 to 15 µmole/g DW, respectively. Stolons and tubers accumulated higher amounts of α-chaconine (59 to 67%) than α-solanine (61 to 64%) at all developmental stages analyzed. On the other hand, in young expanding, fully expanded, and old senescing leaves where leptine and leptinines tend to dominate, α-solanine and α-chaconine together accounted for only 8 to 15%, 7 to 15%, and 8 to 45%, respectively. Plant organs that showed the highest biosynthetic activity for SGA production also had high levels of transcripts coding for genes of isoprenoid biosynthesis. The results from the cloning and characterization of squalene synthase suggest that the cloned cDNA fragment is a putative S. chacoense squalene synthase gene with an open reading frame / predicted protein precursor of 411 amino acids. The cloned cDNA has high similarity (68-100%) to known plant squalene synthase genes and contains six deduced peptide domains observed in other species. The 3â untranslated regions of floral buds, young leaves (early vegetative stage), and fully expanded leaves (anthesis) were different in length with, 249, 335, and 202 nucleotides, respectively. The Southern blot analysis suggests a single copy gene although the existence of a gene family cannot be ruled out.Ph. D.
31
Dymond, Danielle R. "Bitter Soil| Mapping Generational Female Experiences Through Poetry". Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10751007.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Bitter Soil: Mapping Generational Female Experiences Through Poetry is a collection of creative writing made up of a methodological essay and forty-three poems. This collection, produced during my time in California State University, Long Beach’s M.F.A. in Creative Writing program, explores both familial bonds and personal growth. The essay portion of this thesis uproots my family tree for closer inspection as I explain my subject matter, influences, and process, as well as the benefits and challenges of being a woman writer. The forty-three poems within my manuscript specifically focus on my grandmother, my mother, and myself, zeroing in on our experiences as women across three very different generations. These poems are broken into two parts: the first half is about the lives of my grandmother and my mother, and the second half is mostly about my own life, as well as the lives of several other women that have moved me. Essentially, the purpose of my thesis work is to communicate female stories, relationships, and power, using my own relatives as proof in a creative effort to honor the women that I know and inspire those that I do not.
32
Crosswhite, F. S. "The Bitter Wild Cucumber of the Gila River". University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/609094.
Testo completo
33
Engler, Stefanie [Verfasser], Eva Maria [Akademischer Betreuer] Bitzer, Cornelia [Akademischer Betreuer] Kricheldorff, Eva Maria [Gutachter] Bitzer e Cornelia [Gutachter] Kricheldorff. "Pflegende Angehörige auf Distanz. Versorgungsstrukturen: Lücken, Bedarfe und Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten. / Stefanie Engler ; Gutachter: Eva Maria Bitzer, Cornelia Kricheldorff ; Eva Maria Bitzer, Cornelia Kricheldorff". Freiburg : Pädagogische Hochschule Freiburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/121116747X/34.
Testo completo
34
Haber, Tobias [Verfasser], Eva-Maria [Akademischer Betreuer] Bitzer, Bruno [Akademischer Betreuer] Ismer, Eva-Maria [Gutachter] Bitzer e Bruno [Gutachter] Ismer. "Ingenieurtechnische Lösungen für didaktische Simulationen zur Elektrotherapie des Herzens / Tobias Haber ; Gutachter: Eva-Maria Bitzer, Bruno Ismer ; Eva-Maria Bitzer, Bruno Ismer". Freiburg : Pädagogische Hochschule Freiburg, 2021. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:frei129-opus4-9099.
Testo completo
35
Lötze, Elmi. "Pre-harvest determination of bitter pit potential in apples /". Link to the online version, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1096.
Testo completo
36
Bitter, Kerstin [Verfasser]. "Geriatrische Medikationsanalyse für Pflegeheimbewohner durch öffentliche Apotheken / Kerstin Bitter". Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1218301384/34.
Testo completo
37
Kingdon, Lorraine B. "The Central Arizona Project: Water with a Bitter Twist". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/295716.
Testo completo
38
Imhof, Monica Y. "Salt substitution : the inhibition of potassium chloride bitter aftertaste". Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363568.
Testo completo
39
Bitter, Kerstin [Verfasser]. "Geriatrische Medikationsanalyse für Pflegeheimbewohner durch öffentliche Apotheken / Kerstin Bitter". München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1192568281/34.
Testo completo
40
Lotze, Elmi. "Pre-harvest determination of bitter pit potential in apples". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1291.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (PhD(Agric) (Horticulture))--University of Stellenbosch, 2005.Bitter pit fruit in commercial consignments of apples still poses an economic threat to exporters from South Africa. Bitter pit develops pre-harvest, but gets progressively worse during storage and is only traceable once the lesions appear after storage. Accurate, early indications of bitter pit incidence will allow for remedial pre-harvest measures in the field, e.g. Ca foliar applications, to reduce the potential losses. Similarly, the automatic detection of a bitter pit fruit during packing will reduce financial losses by identifying unacceptable fruit before shipping. Fluorescence imaging is a fast, non-destructive technique, able to evaluate numerous fruits individually. Results of pre-harvest imaging on apples to identify fruit susceptible to bitter pit showed that pitted fruit were correctly classified, but misclassification of non-pitted fruit with fluorescence imaging was still too high. NIR-spectroscopy point meter readings could distinguish visible bitter pit lesions from healthy tissue. Important wavelengths associated with visible bitter pit were identified. This technique could also identify immature apples, more prone to bitter pit development. It could however not distinguish between bitter pit and non-pitted fruit when applied randomly on the calyx end of apples at harvest. Pre-harvest foliar applications to increase fruit Ca content and reduce bitter pit incidence, is a standard practice world wide. External Ca uptake by fruit was monitored to determine the efficacy of applications during different stages of fruit development. Two periods of efficient uptake of external Ca were identified, viz., cell division and the last few weeks before harvest. Foliar Ca applications from 40 days after full bloom were more effective in increasing fruit Ca content and reducing bitter pit incidence than at 80 days after full bloom, which was recommended previously. Mineral analysis of fruit has been used with variable success to predict bitter pit prior to harvest. The possibility of increasing the accuracy of existing predictive models by using analysis of individual fruit rather than pooled samples, was investigated. By improving the normality of different mineral distributions and decreasing the overlap between pitted and non-pitted fruit classes, it was attempted to improve the reliability of predictions based on variable threshold values. The Ca distribution showed a variation between pitted and nonpitted classes, but still a significant overlap between classes reduced the accuracy of the predictive capacity of this distribution. Even though our results produced a correct classification of 85% for non-pitted fruit, which can be useful, this was still below the required tolerance, of less that 2%, expected on the market. The effect of pruning and fruit bearing position on two-year-old wood on dry mass and Ca allocation of fruit was determined. ‘Golden Delicious’ fruit set was the lowest at the basal bearing position compared to the other positions evaluated and was contrary to expectations. Fruit in a terminal bearing position was superior to the basal position regarding total dry weight and fruit size. Distal wood possibly inhibited growth and set on the basal position via auxin distribution. Ca allocation differed between seasons and cultivars and could either be influenced by bearing position or presence or absence of re-growth.
41
Teelock, Vijayalakshmi. "Bitter sugar : slavery and emancipation in nineteenth century Mauritius". Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241817.
Testo completo
42
Lawson, David R. "Chemistry and biochemistry of Solanum chacoense, bitter steroidal alkaloids /". The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487843688958887.
Testo completo
43
Sawano, Shoko. "Studies on sensory mechanism of bitter taste in mice". Kyoto University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/145051.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Kyoto University (京都大学)0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第11651号
農博第1507号
新制||農||910(附属図書館)
学位論文||H17||N4044(農学部図書室)
23294
UT51-2005-D400
京都大学大学院農学研究科農学専攻
(主査)教授 松村 康生, 教授 内海 成, 教授 伏木 亨
学位規則第4条第1項該当
44
Lalanne, Florence. "Bitumes pétroliers modifiés polymères comme nouveaux liants routiers". Bordeaux 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BOR10553.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Cet ouvrage comporte quatre chapitres concernant les bitumes petroliers modifies polymeres comme nouveaux liants routiers. Dans le premier chapitre nous positionnons l'etude en analysant la bibliographie et en explicitant le choix des polyurethannes comme polymeres modifiant le bitume. La deuxieme partie est consacree a l'elaboration de composes bitume-polyurethannes acryles, reticulant in situ avec des peroxydes. Dans le chapitre iii, nous etudions la faisabilite d'une reaction polyol isocyanate en presence de bitume a basse temperature. Puis, nous analysons la comptabilite de plusieurs polyols avec le bitume. Enfin, dans le dernier chapitre, nous mettons au point une nouvelle emulsion composite issue du melange d'une emulsion d'isocyanate et d'une de bitume pbht. Sa rupture conduit a l'obtention d'un bitume petrolier modifie polyurethanne
45
Tort, Frédéric. "Mécanismes d'évolution des gazoles au stockage et modélisation chimique du vieillissement des bitumes". Aix-Marseille 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX30010.
Testo completo
46
Smith, Melissa B. "Bite Size". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/english_diss/59.
Testo completo
47
Genevois, Carole. "Étude comparative de l'activité génotoxique des condensats de fumées de bitume et de goudron : recherche d'un biomarqueur spécifique d'exposition aux fumées de bitume". Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO1T323.
Testo completo
48
Pydi, Sai Prasad. "Structural and functional characterization of bitter taste receptors, T2R1 and T2R4". American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/23607.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In humans, taste is one of the five senses, and helps in the recognition of nutritionally important and potentially harmful substances. It triggers innate behaviour to accept or reject food. Humans can sense five basic tastes, which are sweet, umami, bitter, salt and sour. The receptors that mediate bitter, sweet and umami tastes belong to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily. A group of three receptors sense sweet and umami tastes, whereas bitter taste is sensed by 25 bitter taste receptors (referred as T2Rs). T2Rs are activated by structurally diverse natural and synthetic bitter compounds. Many common pharmaceutical compounds are bitter in taste and these are effective ligands for T2Rs. Recent finding of T2Rs in extra-oral tissues suggests these receptors are also involved in various physiological and pathophysiological processes. To understand the structure and function of these receptors, studies directed at elucidating their mechanisms of activation, and identification of novel ligands including bitter blockers (antagonists and inverse agonists), are required.
To obtain mechanistic insights into the role of the highly conserved, and receptor specific residues, two bitter taste receptors (T2R1 and T2R4) were targeted. In this study, a combination of molecular, biochemical and pharmacological approaches were used to identify the amino acids and motifs, important for T2Rs to switch from inactive to active state. A hydrogen-bonding network between transmembrane (TM) helices 1-2-7 was identified as important for T2R activation. Alanine-scan mutagenesis of intracellular loops (ICLs) 2 and 3 identified T2R regions important for G protein binding, and receptor activation. A pharmacological method was developed, to screen potential bitter blockers for T2Rs. Using this method, three novel bitter blockers, which include two natural antagonists and one synthetic inverse agonist for T2R4, were discovered. The role of expression tags in enhancing T2R4 expression was also pursued. T2R4 expression on the cell surface was increased 2.5 fold, when its N-terminus was tagged with rhodopsin N-terminal 33 residues (Rho33- T2R4 chimera). In conclusion, work carried out provides novel insights into the mechanisms of T2R activation, and in the discovery of bitter blockers for T2R4.
49
Meltzheim, Bénédicte. "Modélisation chimique du vieillissement du bitume : réactions d'addition nucléophile et d'oxydation de substrats phaléniques". Aix-Marseille 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX30081.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Les bitumes subissent des phenomenes de vieillissement qui se repercutent sur la degradation des chaussees bitumeuses. Des etudes ont ete entreprises pour connaitre les causes et les structures responsables de ce vieillissement dans le but de trouver des additifs appropries capables d'empecher cette degradation. L'analyse d'un bitume apres vieillissement montre une augmentation de la teneur en asphaltenes et une apparition de fonctions polaires. Notre travail consiste a modeliser ce vieillissement. Le phenalene et ses derives semblent etre de bons modeles des structures polyaromatiques presentes dans les asphaltenes. Nous avons realise, pour modeliser l'augmentation de la teneur en asphaltenes, des reactions d'additions nucleophiles de derives soufres sur la phenalenone. Parallelement, dans le but de representer l'apparition des fonctions polaires telles que les sulfoxydes et les carbonyles, nous avons realise des reactions d'oxydation de derives soufres et de groupements methyleniques benzyliques. Ces resultats s'averent interessants puisqu'ils permettent de conclure que les derives du phenalene sont des modeles correctement choisis pour les asphaltenes et que les modeles de reaction propose tel que l'addition nucleophile et de l'oxydation explique de facon satisfaisante l'augmentation de la teneur en asphaltenes et l'apparition de fonctions polaires detectes lors du vieillissement des bitumes
50
Somé, Sâannibè Ciryle. "Comportement thermomécanique des enrobés tièdes et de l'interface bitume-granulat". Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00855431.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
La compréhension du comportement thermomécanique des matériaux bitumineux et la durabilité de l'interface bitume-granulat sont des facteurs clés pour prédire l'endommagement des chaussées. Dans ce cadre, cette thèse s'attache à évaluer la qualité du collage entre le bitume et le granulat par une méthode thermique originale dans les conditions de fabrication d'enrobés bitumineux tièdes. Elle vise ensuite à étudier l'influence de la qualité de collage sur leurs performances mécaniques. Dans le chapitre 1, les différentes techniques de caractérisation mécanique des perfmances mécaniques et de l'interface bitume-granulat y sont présentées. Il s'agit essentiellement d'essais permettant d'évaluer le désenrobage bitume-granulat sous l'action de l'eau. Les chapitres 2 et 3 fournissent une description des mécanismes de transferts thermiques qui s'opèrent lors de la mise contact de deux milieux de températures différentes. Les bases théoriques sont présentées pour permettre de formuler et de résoudre le problème de conduction inverse résultant de la mise en contact du bitume et du granulat en vue d'estimer la résistance thermique de contact (RTC). La description du protocole expérimental pour déterminer la RTC ainsi que l'étude des propriétés thermophysiques et de mouillabilité des matériaux font l'objet des chapitres 4 et 5. La RTC est utilisée comme indicateur de la qualité du collage bitume-granulat et les résultats obtenus sont présentés et interprétés dans le chapitre 6. Les chapitres 7 et 8 présentent des résultats complémentaires de performances mécaniques des enrobés et des liants bitumineux, étudiés dans les Chapitres précédents et utilisés pour la formulation d'enrobés ou le dimensionnement de chaussées.