Tesi sul tema "Bovine brucellosis"
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Ullah, Aman. "Epidemiology of bovine brucellosis in Sindh, Pakistan". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/17983.
Testo completoDajer-Abimerhi, Alfredo Francisco Javier. "Bovine brucellosis : serodiagnosis, epidemiology and control in Yucatan, Mexico". Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428571.
Testo completoThompson, Riley Jacob. "Discovery and Evaluation of Immunogenic Antigens for Bovine Brucellosis Serodiagnostics". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42349.
Testo completoSouza, Vanessa Aparecida Feijó de. "Modelagem matemática do controle da brucelose bovina com a utilização da vacina RB51". Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-24082015-151319/.
Testo completoBovine brucellosis is a zoonosis that play important economic role for causing reproductive losses on animal species that are affected. In 2001, in Brazil, Brazilian National Program for the Control and Eradication of Bovine Brucellosis and Tuberculosis was created. One of the main action proposed by the program is vaccination of female between three to eight months of age by B19 strain. Later, in 2007, were defined the roles for RB51 strain use in females older than eight months, and in herds that are in outbreak situation. It is known that this measure, if used, would short the time needed for bovine brucellosis reduction. In order to estimate the magnitude of this reduction, as well as to measure the accumulated of protected animals for brucellosis prevalence decrease, a mathematical model was done associating protection by B19 in 80% of heifers, to protection by RB51 in 10, 40 and 80% of other females. For simulations, states that presented brucellosis prevalence superior than 2% were considered. Comparing these scenarios was possible to conclude that the time needed to reduce prevalence to 2% were similar between 40 and 80%. This turns the former alternative economically more interesting, once it will cover lower number of protected animals. Considering Goiás State, that presents prevalence of 3.01% and a amount of 8336,632 female bovine, protection of 80% of heifers by B19, along protection of 40% of other females by RB51, would make prevalence reach 2% in four years, with a total of 1302,130 protected animals. Relative to Mato Grosso State, that has the major prevalence, 10.25%, and 8377,433 female older than 24 months of age, were observed that brucellosis frequency would reduce to 2% in 15 years in case of 40% of female protected by RB51, resulting in an amount of 1656,098 animals. In comparison with the use of B19 as single preventive measure, time to reduce prevalence to 2% will reduce from seven to four years in Goiás, and from 22 to 15 years in Mato Grosso. Moreover, determination of accumulated of protected animals allows that RB51 use would be economically evaluated
MacMillan, Alastair. "The bovine immune response following Brucella vaccination and infection and the development of a discriminatory test". Thesis, University of Surrey, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313252.
Testo completoTodeschini, Bernardo. "Enfoque epidemiológico em dados de tuberculose e brucelose visando a implantação de um sistema informatizado de monitoramento e vigilância". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/29066.
Testo completoEpidemiological surveillance is described as a set of procedures of collecting, processing and data analysis used for supporting the decision making process of animal and human health managers. The growing participation of private sector professionals on animal health issues has been widening the passive epidemiological surveillance, generating significant amounts of data. In this context, the National Program of Animal Brucellosis and Tuberculosis Control and Eradication – PNCEBT, promotes, amongst other strategies, the accreditation of private veterinarians to make diagnosis tests on bovine, increased significantly the amount of data on bovine tuberculosis and brucellosis. In the present research, a compilation of all data from diagnosis tests performed by accredited private veterinarians on behalf of PNCEBT in the state of Rio Grande do Sul in 2008 was made, which was analyzed through distinct statistics techniques, aiming at characterizing the demography and spatial patterns of occurrence, as well as to assess the frequencies of those diseases. Data from 63.226 individual tests performed in 5.012 farms on 332 municipalities were analyzed, after treatment by multiple imputation and outlier values diagnosis. It was possible to conclude that the majority of tests were from dairy related animals; economical reasons, such as bonus programs, were the main motivation for the farmers to perform tests on their properties. Higher frequencies for both diseases were found in dairy cattle, when compared to other purposes animals. Female presented higher frequencies for both diseases when compared to males. It was also observed that the frequency of tuberculosis increased with age, while for brucellosis the frequency was higher between 48 to 60 months-old animals. Spatial analysis evidenced higher frequencies of positive tuberculosis farms in the metropolitana and centro-oriental mesorregions, which had higher farm density per km². It was also verified that the distance by MVH to perform tests might be a limiting factor for them to occur, being 49.5% of the tests performed at maximum round-way distance of 50 km. The municipalities which had tests performed showed 67.5 times more chances of having a resident MVH. It was possible to conclude that an appropriate approach of surveillance data allows the making of relevant inferences, being feasible the establishment of monitoring and surveillance systems - MOSS. These systems could improve data quality and accessibility, allowing public and private managers to perform custom analysis to bring more efficiency and efficacy to animal health programs.
Azevedo, Sérgio Santos de. "Caracterização epidemiológica da brucelose bovina no Estado do Espírito Santo". Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-03092007-140258/.
Testo completoAs result of a partnership joining the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply (MAPA), the Animal and Plant Health Institute of the State of Espírito Santo (IDAF-ES) and the Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health (VPS) of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechny (FMVZ) of the University of São Paulo (USP), a seroepidemiological survey of bovine brucellosis was conducted in State of Espírito Santo, Southeast region of Brazil. The State was stratified in two sampling strata according to the predominant farm enterprise and the operational capacity of the IDAF-ES to conducting the field work. The sampling was delineated for the determination of the prevalence of positive herds and seropositive animals for bovine brucellosis per sampling stratum. It was made a random selection of 300 herds (primary units) per sampling stratum, and inside the primary units, if the herd was constituted by up to 99 cows over 24 months of age, 10 cows of the same age (secondary units) were randomly sampled, or all existing cows if they did not totalize 10 cows; if the herd was constituted by more than 99 cows over 24 months of age, 15 cows of the same age were randomly sampled. A total of 5370 blood samples of cows from 636 herds distributed in the sampling strata were collected. On the occasion of the blood collection, an epidemiological questionnaire was applied in each herd and the geographical coordinates were obtained with a GPS. For the serological diagnosis, the Rose Bengal Test was applied as a screening method and the 2-mercaptoetanol test as a confirmatory method. Herds with at least one test-positive animal were considered positive. The following analyses were carried out: (a) determination of the prevalence of positive herds and eropositive animals; (b) identification of risk factors for bovine brucellosis; and (c) spatial clustering analysis of positive herds. The prevalence of positive herds and seropositive animals in the State of Espírito Santo were 9.00% [6.97% - 11.55%] and 3.53% [1.93% - 6.37%], respectively. In sampling stratum 1, the prevalence of positive herds and seropositive animals were 6.80% [4.47% - 10.21%] and 3.43% [1.33% - 8.57%], respectively. In sampling stratum 2, the prevalence of positive herds was 10.86% [7.86% - 14.84%] and the prevalence of seropositive animals was 3.69% [2.13% - 6.33%]. The risk factors for bovine brucellosis in State were utilization of artificial insemination (OR = 7.05) and intensive/semi-intensive management systems (OR = 2.98). In sampling stratum 1, herds with more than 15 cows over 24 months of age (OR = 5.18), which rent pasturage (OR = 2.85) and that use artificial insemination (OR = 6.76) presented larger chance of being positive. The risk factors for bovine brucellosis in sampling stratum 2 were: existence of more than 42 bovine in the herd (OR = 5.31), utilization of artificial insemination (OR = 11.72), purchase of bovine reproducers in exhibitions (OR = 16.7) and intensive/semi-intensive management systems (OR = 2.99). The vaccination of heifers between three and eight months of age was a protective factor against the disease in the sampling strata and in State. There was no tendency for spatial clustering of positive herds.
Dias, Ricardo Augusto. "Caracterização espacial da brucelose bovina no Estado de São Paulo". Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-06092007-084656/.
Testo completoThe present work is the result of a partnership established by the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply (MAPA), the Animal and Plant Health Service of the State of São Paulo (CDA) and the Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health of the University of São Paulo (VPS-FMVZ-USP). The State of São Paulo was stratified in seven cattle production regions and 150 herds with reproductive activity were randomly sampled within each one. In each herd was applied an epidemiological questionnaire, 10 or 15 cows over 24 months of age (on herds with < 100 cows, and herds ≥ 100 cows, respectively) were bled at random and the geographical coordinates were recorded with a GPS. Sera were tested using a serial test-ing procedure with the Rose Bengal Test as the screening method and the Complement Fixation as the con-firmatory method. The estimated prevalence of herds with at least one test-positive animal was 9.7% [7.8%; 11.6%], whereas the estimated prevalence of test-positive cattle was 3.8% [0.7%; 6.9%]. It was developed a georeferenced thematic map of the state of São Paulo, which revealed the absence of spatial clusters of infected herds. The analysis looked into the likely association of herd characteristics with the presence of the infection. The most associated characteristics were farms with more than 87 bovines (OR = 2.25) and reproduction animals reposition (OR = 1.56). A mathematical model was proposed in the present work, in wich the female vaccination effort was proposed to be intensificated, but according to the same model, the benefits of this measure will only be noticed, in terms of brucellosis prevalence and number of abortions decrease, in a matter of decades.
TENÓRIO, Taciana Galba da Silva. "Aspectos zoonóticos da brucelose bovina no município de Correntes, Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil". Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2007. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/5848.
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The brucellosis is a cosmopolitan anthropozoonosis of economical and in public healthy importance, having the man as accidental host in the epidemiological chain. Front to the exposed, the objective of this research was to study the epidemiological aspects related to Brucella abortus infection in bovine and human, aiming the characterization of the zoonotic character of bovine brucellosis in Correntes town, micro region of Garanhuns, Pernambuco State. A total of 1.145 serum samples were examined to search for antibody anti-Brucella abortus, being 1.089 bovines and 56 human, that resulted in 1.437 serum determinations performed. Samples of both specie were examined by the tamponated acidified antigen (TAA), being the bovine serum positive (74) submitted to the 2-mercaptoetanol (2-ME), and the humans (56) submitted to the standard tube - agglutination (STA) and to the 2-ME. In the cases of reaction to the STA and/or 2-ME, for any title, the human samples were examined by the complement fixation test (CF). With the objective to characterize the risk factors associated to the infection in bovine and among the bovine and human specie, were carried out a questionnaire in each property. To the TAA the serum prevalence was (74/1.089) for bovine and 1.8% (1/56) for human. To the STA was observed positivity in 21.4% (12/56) of the human samples, having no, however, reagent samples to the 2-ME (0% - 0/12). Human samples reagent to TAA (1) or to STA (12) showed negativity to the FC (0% - 0/12). From the 28 studied herds, 18 showed at least one positive animal, determining a prevalence of focus of 64.3% (18/28). Among the analyzed risk factors, the properties that performed the manual milking and had flow of animals exhibited significant association to the brucellosis (p>0,05), contrary to those that practiced mechanical milking and did not sell animals. The bovine brucellosis, despite the official efforts, is characterized as a risk factor to human infection in the town of Correntes, State of Pernambuco, Brazil.
A brucelose é uma antropozoonose cosmopolita, de importância econômica e em saúde pública, tendo o homem como hospedeiro acidental na cadeia epidemiológica. Diante do exposto, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi estudar os aspectos epidemiológicos relacionados à infecção por Brucella abortus em bovinos e humanos, com vistas à caracterização do caráter zoonótico da brucelose bovina no Município de Correntes, Microrregião de Garanhuns, Estado de Pernambuco. Ao todo foram examinadas 1.145 amostras séricas para pesquisa de anticorpos anti-Brucella abortus, sendo 1.089 bovinas e 56 humanas, que resultaram em 1.437 determinações sorológicas realizadas. As amostras de ambas as espécies foram examinadas pelo teste do antígeno acidificado tamponado (AAT), sendo as bovinas soropositivas (74), submetidas ao 2-mercaptoetanol (2-ME), e as humanas (56) submetidas à soroaglutinação lenta em tubos (SAL) e ao 2-ME. Nos casos de reação ao SAL e/ou 2-ME, para qualquer título, as amostras humanas foram examinadas pela técnica de fixação do complemento. Com o intuito de caracterizar os fatores de risco associados com a infecção em bovinos e entre as espécies bovina e humana, foi aplicado um questionário em cada propriedade. Ao AAT a soroprevalência foi de 6,8% (74/1.089) para bovinos e 1,8% (1/56) para humanos. Ao SAL foi observada positividade em 21,4% (12/56) das amostras humanas, não havendo, entretanto, amostras reagentes ao 2-ME (0% - 0/12). Amostras humanas reagentes ao AAT (1) ou ao SAL (12) apresentaram negatividade ao FC (0% - 0/12). Dos 28 rebanhos estudados 18 apresentaram pelos menos um animal positivo, determinando uma prevalência de focos de 64,3% (18/28). Dentre os fatores de risco analisados, as propriedades que praticavam ordenha manual e possuíam trânsito de animais apresentaram associação significativa com a brucelose (p>0,05), contrariamente àquelas que utilizavam ordenha mecânica e não vendiam animais. A brucelose bovina, apesar dos esforços oficiais, se mantém nos rebanhos leiteiros do município estudado, e como tal, caracteriza-se como um fator de risco à infecção para humanos no Município de Correntes, Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil.
Aguiar, Ricardo Souza Costa Barão de. "Caracterização epidemiológica da brucelose e tuberculose bovinas na região de Campinas, Piracicaba, Bragança Paulista, Limeira, Mogi Mirim e São João da Boa Vista, Estado de São Paulo". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-01072013-102513/.
Testo completoA study was conducted to characterize the epidemiological situation of bovine brucellosis and tuberculosis in Campinas, Piracicaba, Bragança Paulista, Limeira, Mogi Mirim and São João da Boa Vista área, State of São Paulo. A total of 251 farms were randomly selected and in each of them 40 or 20 cows over 24 months were selected for tuberculosis diagnosis and 15 or 10 females over 24 months for brucellosis diagnosis depending on the existing total females. The herd was considered positive for brucellosis when there was at least one positive animal. For tuberculosis in herds above 99 females over 24 months at least two positive animals to classify the herd as positive. As long as in farms with up to 99 females over 24 months, a positive animal classified the property as positive. An epidemiological questionnaire was applied and based on this document, univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to identify risk factors associated with the diseases, based on odds ratio calculation. The apparent prevalence of brucellosis positive herds was 11.2% (95% CI = 7.8, 15.8) and tuberculosis positive herds was 14.1% (95% CI = 10.2%, 19%). The apparent prevalence of positive animals for brucellosis was 2.5% (95% CI = 1.5%, 4.1%) and tuberculosis was 2.7% (95% CI = 1.6, 4.5%). Having more than 57 cattle in the herd, with an OR = 4.2 (95% CI = 1.9, 9.5) was associated with brucellosis. Milk farm type with an OR = 2.6 (95% CI = 1.3, 5.3), and cattle purchase, with an OR = 2.4 (95% CI = 1.2, 5.0) were associated with tubercullosis. Efforts to reduce the prevalence of brucellosis do not reached the expected effects even after 10 years of implementation of control measures recommended by the PNCEBT. Therefore, the reformulation of the Program is recommended in the study area.
Alves, Ana Julia Silva e. "Análise econômica das ações de combate à brucelose bovina no Brasil". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-18062013-155933/.
Testo completoEconomics as a science of choice has increasingly been used in the area of Animal Health and may be helpful, as the quantification of the financial effects of a disease, optimization of decisions to be made when the disease affects livestock and in determining the costs and benefits when control measures are being proposed. In Brazil, brucellosis is a zoonotic disease that causes important economic losses and for that reason, the country established a national program for control and eradication. Using data generated in the last national brucellosis survey, we have conducted an economic analysis in two Brazilian States with large agricultural importance in the country- Mato Grosso and Sao Paulo. The economic analysis was based on the benefit cost of controlling bovine brucellosis by vaccination of females between 3-8 months, a compulsory measure proposed by the national program. The analysis confirmed that the disease control through vaccination has significant economic returns in both states. In Mato Grosso, the impact is greater financially, because the prevalence of disease is higher compared with São Paulo.
Silva, André Filipe Elias da. "Avaliação epidemiológica de focos de brucelose bovina na DIV de Elvas, região do Alentejo, no âmbito do plano de erradicação da doença". Master's thesis, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4391.
Testo completoA Brucelose Bovina (BB) é uma doença bacteriana dos bovinos causada por Brucella abortus, menos frequentemente por B. melitensis e ocasionalmente por B. suis, podendo causar doença em humanos. É uma doença de declaração obrigatória com distribuição mundial, responsável por elevadas perdas económicas nos países, como Portugal, em que é endémica. Clinicamente é caracterizada por um ou mais dos seguintes sinais clínicos: aborto no último terço da gestação, retenção placentária, orquite, epididimite e, raramente, artrite. A infecção pode ocorrer in utero para a descendência ou pelo contacto com secreções e excreções de animais infectados, apresentando altos índices de infecciosidade e resistência no meio ambiente. O diagnóstico clínico não permite a confirmação da infecção sendo para isso necessário recorrer ao diagnóstico laboratorial. Para rastreio da infecção geralmente é usada serologia utilizando os testes do Rosa Bengala (RB), da Fixação do Complemento (FC) ou o ELISA ou testes no leite como o Teste do Anel ou mesmo o ELISA. Também existem testes alérgicos como a Brucelina por via intradérmica. O isolamento laboratorial da Brucella spp a partir de materiais infectados é a prova laboratorial definitiva para confirmação da infecção mas pode apresentar uma sensibilidade baixa. Após a identificação da espécie de Brucella ela deve ser caracterizada em termos de biovariedade. Mais recentemente, tem sido implementado o uso de PCR quer como complemento ao isolamento de Brucella spp quer como método de biotipificação baseada em sequências genómicas específicas. Esta doença tem sido erradicada de diversos países utilizando medidas médicas e sanitárias implementadas no âmbito de programas oficiais de erradicação. Em Portugal existe um plano de Erradicação co-financiado pela União Europeia que é coordenado pela Direcção Geral de Veterinária e implementado no terreno pelas Organizações de Produtores Pecuários. Este plano é baseado na testagem periódica dos efectivos e no abate dos animais positivos assim como no controlo de movimentos de animais entre explorações. Complementarmente, tem sido implementada em anos recentes, a vacinação com RB51 dos efectivos das unidades epidemiológicas. Neste trabalho é apresentada uma avaliação epidemiológica inicial de uma campanha de vacinação de um efectivo total de cerca de 2000 animais, de 7 explorações do Alto Alentejo infectadas com Brucella spp em que foi implementado um programa de vacinação em massa com RB51.
ABSTRACT - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF A VACCINATION CAMPAIGN AGAINST BOVINE BRUCELLOSIS IN THE REGION OF ALENTEJO WITH THE RB51 VACCINE - Bovine Brucellosis (BB) is a bacterial disease of cattle caused by Brucella abortus, less frequently by B. melitensis and occasionally by B. suis, which can cause disease in humans. It is a notifiable disease with worldwide distribution, responsible for economic losses in countries such as Portugal, where it is endemic. Clinically it is characterized by one or more of the following clinical signs: abortion in the last third of gestation, retained placenta, orchitis, epididymitis and, rarely, arthritis. Infection can occur to offspring in utero or by contact with secretions and excretions of infected animals, with high rates of infectivity and resistance in the environment. The clinical diagnosis does not allow the confirmation of the infection, being necessary to use the laboratory diagnosis. To track the infection, serology tests are often used. Is common the use of the Rose Bengal (RB), Complement Fixation (CF) or ELISA tests. Milk testing using the Milk Ring Test or milk ELISA is an option. There are also allergy tests as intradermal brucellin. The laboratory isolation of Brucella spp from infected materials is the definitive laboratory test to confirm infection but may have a low sensitivity. After identification of Brucella she should be characterized in biovar. More recently it has been implemented the using of PCR as a complement to the isolation of Brucella spp or as a biotyping method based on specific genomic sequences. This disease has been eradicated from many countries using medical and health measures implemented as part of the official eradication programs. In Portugal there is a plan for Eradication of BB, co-financed by the European Union, which is coordinated by the Veterinary National Authority and implemented on the ground by Livestock Producers Organisations. This plan is based on regular testing of herds and culling of positive animals as well as on the control of animal movements between farms. In addition, it has been implemented in recent years, the vaccination with RB51 of bovines from specific epidemiological units. This thesis presents an initial epidemiological assessment of a vaccination campaign in the Alto Alentejo of a total of about 2,000 animals within seven farms infected with brucellosis, in which was implemented a program of vaccination with RB51.
Coker, Michelle. "Detection of an immunological response in heifers experimentally infected with epizootic bovine abortion (foothill abortion)". abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2008. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1456474.
Testo completoFerreira, Rodrigo de Souza. "Situação epidemiológica da brucelose e tuberculose bovinas no circuito pecuário 2 do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, 2011". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-28052013-162144/.
Testo completoWe conducted a study to characterize the epidemiological situation of brucellosis and tuberculosis in cattle 2 Circuit of the State of São Paulo, since the State was divided into seven circuits livestock. In total, 269 herds were sampled for brucellosis as much for tuberculosis. Samples of blood for the diagnosis of brucellosis and intradermal inoculations for diagnosing tuberculosis were conducted randomly, in 2072 and 3201 female cattle older than 24 months, respectively. For the diagnosis of brucellosis, a protocol was used serologic tests in series with the Rose Bengal test used as a screening method and the Complement Fixation used as a confirmatory test. For the diagnosis of tuberculosis, we used the cervical comparative test. The estimated prevalence of herds was 12.27% [8.60 to 16.80%] for brucellosis and 11.15% [7.65 to 15.54%] for tuberculosis, while the estimated prevalence of animals reagents was 3.1% [1.90 to 5.00%] for brucellosis and 2.20% [1.10 to 4.20%] for tuberculosis. In each herd, was also applied an epidemiological questionnaire to check the type of farming and the husbandry and health that could be associated with the risk of infection as a measure of association using the Odds Ratio (OR), also called the odds ratio . The risk factor associated with the infected herds for brucellosis and tuberculosis was farms with more than 23 females aged over 24 months, with a value of OR was 3.893 and 3.125 for brucellosis for tuberculosis.
Sousa, Paola da Rocha. "Situação epidemiológica da brucelose e tuberculose bovinas na região seis do Estado de São Paulo". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-14112013-155058/.
Testo completoThe objective of the study was to characterize the epidemiological situation of bovine brucellosis and tuberculosis in the State of São Paulo. The State was divided into seven regions and this paper was about the sixth region, were 230 herds with reproductive activity were randomly selected. Ten or 15 cows (age ≥ 24 months), randomly selected, were tested for brucellosis in each herd, through a serial testing procedure: Rose Bengal followed by 2 - Mercaptoethanol test. The cervical comparative tuberculin test was used for tuberculosis diagnosis in 20 or 40 cows (age ≥ 24 months), randomly selected, in each herd. A total of 1.570 animals were tested for brucellosis and 2.319 for tuberculosis. The prevalence of infected herds for brucellosis was 7,82% [4,70%; 12,08%] and 3,91% [1,80%; 7,29%] for tuberculosis, the prevalence of positive animals for brucellosis was 2,6% [1,5%; 4,5%] and 0,4% [0,2%; 0,8%] for tuberculosis. In order to investigate the risk factors for both diseases, an epidemiological questionnaire was applied in the selected farms. The presence of calving areas emerged as protective factor for brucellosis (OR = 0,35 [0,13; 0,97]) and herds with 23 or more cows (age 24 months) was pointed as risk factor for tuberculosis (OR= 6,11 [1,58; 23,67]).
Oliveira, Luana Brito de. "Mapeamento tecnológico sobre o controle e combate da brucelose bovina". Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2014. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/3438.
Testo completoA Brucelose bovina (Brucella abortus) é uma doença infectocontagiosa, ocasionada por bactérias gram negativas que compromete a saúde animal e pública, sendo considerada de caráter zoonótico. Diante da preocupação eminente e incessante por melhorias no controle e combate da brucelose bovina, a sociedade científica busca desenvolver meios eficazes a futura erradicação da doença. A imunização de todo o rebanho com a vacina B19 é um dos métodos eficazes no combate e controle da propagação dos microrganismos. A Prospecção Tecnológica é uma ferramenta que visa o desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico, em médio e longo prazo, de diversos setores da indústria, economia ou sociedade como um todo, tornando-se um recurso confiável que organiza e compila as informações tecnológicas o qual é acessado na realização de um estudo prospectivo para a área acadêmica e cientifica é o banco de dados. A base de patentes no Brasil é o Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial (INPI), mundialmente se conhece a European Patent Office (EPO) que compreende as bases mundiais (worldwide), europeia (EP), e da OMPI (WIPO). O objetivo desse trabalho foi realizar um mapeamento tecnológico para o controle e combate da brucelose bovina e avaliar a erradicação no Estado de Sergipe. Uma das formas de verificar o desenvolvimento tecnológico da brucelose bovina é o estudo de prospecção tecnológica na análise de pedidos de patentes. O mapeamento tecnológico foi realizado nas bases de dados do Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial (INPI) e European Patent Office (EPO). Foram analisados os resultados no período de 13 de março até 25 de abril de 2014, verificando as participações dos países nos depósitos de patentes, destacando-se a Rússia com o maior número de depósito de patentes. Observou-se ainda um maior número de patentes depositadas em 1997, 2008 e 2011. Os 5 maiores inventores o destaque foi a Adams Leslie Garry (US) e das 10 maiores empresas com o maior número de depósitos foi a Univ China Agricultural (CN) com 6 deposito de patentes. As classificações internacionais mais abundantes nessa prospecção foram A61K e C12N. Dos dados oficiais coletados da EMDAGRO no ano de 2012 pode-se observar que o tipo de criação mais comum é o extensivo, referente às condições de criação verifica-se que 79% não tomam adequadas providências quanto fetos abortados e placentas, além de 92% não realizam testes diagnósticos. No tocante a gestão dos animais foi averiguada que a introdução de animais vem diretamente de outras fazendas sem cobertura vacinal. Quanto à gestão da propriedade, observou-se que em 48% não há inspeção veterinária no local de abate e, 82% não separam os piquetes para fêmeas na fase de parto e/ou pós-parto. A cerca de assistência técnica e testes sorológicos, 93% não apresentam assistência, apesar de 99% dos testes sorológicos serem negativos. Diante dos resultados obtidos, identificou-se que é de suma importância o investimento em novas pesquisas e tecnologias em caráter de promover a erradicação e/ou controle da brucelose bovina. Além de fomentar aos produtores a importância de adotar as medidas de controles.
McGiven, John. "Immunoselection and structural evaluation of Brucella O-polysaccharide epitopes and their application to the serodiagnosis of bovine brucellosis". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/45541.
Testo completoKuroda, Rosely Bianca dos Santos. "Avaliação da dinâmica do efetivo bovino no Estado do Mato Grosso e seu impacto no controle da brucelose bovina". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-29102013-154639/.
Testo completoBovine brucellosis, mainly caused by Brucella abortus (b. abortus), is an infectious disease responsible for reproductive losses and with public health implications. The State of Mato Grosso is one of the most important Brazilian states on livestock farming, as it is also the state that has the highest prevalence of bovine brucellosis in the nation. This study aimed to propose a vaccination coverage calculation method against bovine brucellosis, so that it is possible to evaluate the impact of vaccination on the disease dynamics within the bovine population existing in the State of Mato Grosso from the analysis of information recorded by the Institute of Agricultural Defense of Mato Grosso-INDEA/MT for the years 2006-2010. It was observed that around 30% of the total females belong to vaccination age groups and 47.18% of the State herd was vaccinated during the months in which foot-and-mouth disease vaccination occurred, demonstrating a possible association between the procedures, which can be justified economically and by the convenience of managing the herd only once to perform the two immunizations. The number of animals belonging to each vaccinated age group was calculated proportionally, considering a vaccination window of six months for each age group. The vaccination coverage rate was estimated using a method that considers the evolution of female cohorts born over the course of a year. Obtaining the actual birth and death rates led to the creation of new simulations in order to assess the actual impact of this strategy in the reduction of the prevalence of bovine brucellosis. The results obtained using this calculation provide the best possible estimate based on the data currently available in most states. It is concluded that national standardization is required in the form of vaccination coverage calculation and that the State of Mato Grosso remained with levels above 80% vaccination coverage from 2006 to 2010. Additionally, considering the actual birth and death rates and the prospect of maintaining this level of vaccination coverage, it is estimated that it would take slightly longer than ten years to reduce the proportion of the population initially positive for brucellosis by 50% and approximately twenty years to reduce the prevalence of the disease to 2%. It is worth mentioning that this model considers only the vaccination strategy, disregarding other programs such as the certification of brucellosis free herds and the control of animal movement in the state. These factors could also assist in the acceleration of the reduction of brucellosis prevalence in the state.
Alves, Ana Julia Silva e. "Caracterização epidemiológica da brucelose bovina no Estado da Bahia". Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-12122008-163658/.
Testo completoA partnership between the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply (MAPA), the Bahia Official Animal Health Service (ADAB) and the Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health (VPS) of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (FMVZ) of the University of São Paulo, was made in order to do a seroepidemiological survey of bovine brucellosis was conducted in Bahia State, Northeast region of Brazil. For this study, the Bahia State was divided into four production circuits aiming to estimate the prevalence of seropositive females over 24 months old and the prevalence of positive herds. The epidemiological characterization of production circuits and of the whole State of the Bahia was achieved, as the verification of the risk factors associated with the disease. The prevalence of positives herds and seropositive animals in Bahia State were 4.20% [3.10-5.30] e 0.66% [0.41-0.93], respectively. In the production circuits 1, 2, 3 and 4, the prevalence of positive herds were 5.75% [3.64-8.71], 3.07% [1.48-5.56], 6.31% [4.05-9.33] and 0.60% [0.07-2.16], respectively. In the production circuits 1, 2, 3 and 4, the prevalence of seropositive animals were 0.86% [0.41-1.32], 1.17% [0.25-2.09], 1.66% [0.66-2.66] and 0.07% [0.00-0.21]. The risk factors for bovine brucellosis in State were acquisition of bovine reproductors (OR = 2.26) and the presence of flooding areas (OR = 1.76). The vaccination of heifers between three and eight months of age was a protective factor against the disease in the State (OR =0.52).
Piva, Filho Gilson Luiz [UNESP]. "Ocorrência da brucelose e tuberculose bovina e percepção de riscos de produtores de leite do município de Paranaíba, Mato Grosso do Sul: Gilson Luiz Piva Filho. -". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88161.
Testo completoBrucellosis and Bovine Tuberculosis are zoonoses worldwide distribution, relevant to the economy and public health. In order to evaluate the occurrence of these diseases in a sample of dairy cattle herd in the municipality of Paranaiba, MS, Brazil, as well as the perception of dairy farmers on the risk of these diseases to livestock and public health, 42 properties were visited and applied a questionnaire to detect failures in health management that could be associated with the occurrence of these diseases. It was collected blood samples of 20% (378) lactating cows from a total of 1.889, which were subjected to screening, with Rose-Bengal Test (RBT) and positives confirmed by the reactants test 2-Mercaptoethanol (2-ME) for brucellosis. Tuberculosis was tested by the Cervical Test Simple (CTS) for screening and Comparative Cervical Test (CCT) as confirmatory results were inconclusive. The occurrence of both brucellosis and tuberculosis on the properties was 2.4% (1/42). Of the properties, 26.2 % (11/42) milk intended for informal sale, only 7.1% (03/42) of owners recognized milk as food capable of transmitting zoonosis; 83.3% (35/42) are unaware of the National Program for Control and Eradication of Brucellosis and Tuberculosis and never underwent tests in animals and 81% (34/42) does not have a quarantine paddock on the property. The data showed deficiency in risk perception. Integrate health education in the control of brucellosis and tuberculosis contribute to the milk producers to adopt measures that will mitigate the risks to animal and human health
Gonçalves, Rita Coelho. "Situação epidemiológica da brucelose e tuberculose bovinas na região de Assis, Avaré, Bauru, Botucatu, Jaú, Lins, Marília e Ourinhos (região 3) do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-05072013-103953/.
Testo completoThe purpose of this study is to propound bovine brucellosis and tuberculosis epidemiological situation at region 3 in São Paulo. Thus, 260 reproduce activity cattle were been randomly chosen and, among it, 10 or 15 female bovine at the same age or up 24 months were randomly chosen and tested for the brucellosis diagnosis. Test serial protocol was made using, having the test buffered acidified as a screening method and complement fixation test as a confirmatory. Comparative cervical tuberculin test was made using in 20 or 40 female bovine at the same age or up 24 months. The prevalence of focus at both brucellosis and tuberculosis was been7,3% [4,44%; 11,17%]; the prevalence of positive animals was been 1,37% [0,91%; 2,00%] for brucellosis and 1,05% [0,73%; 1,46%] for tuberculosis. A epidemiological questionnaire has been applied on each property as a purpose to individualize possible risk factors at both disease. The variable associated with tuberculosis condition was the property has 23 or more female bovine at the same age or up 24 months (OR=5,0 [1,83; 13,7]); cattle purchase has emerged as a risk factor for tuberculosis (OR= 4,46 [1,55; 12,78]) .
Medeiros, Marina de Almeida Braga. "Prevalência de brucelose bovina entre rebanhos fornecedores de leite de um laticínio no município de Itirapuã, Estado de São Paulo /". Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/94650.
Testo completoAbstract:The aim of this investigation was to verify the prevalence of bovine brucellosis among milk suppliers of a dairy industry located in the municipality of Itirapuã, state of São Paulo, Brazil, analyze risk factors eventually associated with the occurrence of brucellosis among the herds involved in the study, and compare the performance of serological tests in detecting infected herds. From a population of 942 adult cattle in 55 herds, in the municipalities of Itirapuã and Patrocínio Paulista, a voluntary sample of 813 animals was obtained in 37 herds whose owners agreed in participating in the study. A questionnaire about risk factors that could be associated to the prevalence rates was applied. Serum samples of all the 813 animals were collected and tested by the rose Bengal plate test (RBPT); positive samples were then tested by the complement fixation test (CFT). Milk samples were taken from each can at the industry and tested by the milk ring test (MRT). Of the 813 serum samples, 26 (3.2) tested positive in the serial application of RBPT and CFT, and of the 37 herds, 12 (32.4%) had at least one positive animal. Factors that showed association with the prevalence rate were number of animals in the herd, lack of vaccination with strain 19 and frequent introduction of animals. The agreement between individual serological tests and MRT to detect infected herds was not good, since MRT showed positive results in only four (10.8%) of the 37 herds
Orientador: Luis Antônio Mathias
Coorientador: Iucif Abraão Nascif Junior
Banca: Ângela Cleusa de Fátima Banzatto de Carvalho
Banca: Fernanda Senter Magajevski
Mestre
Matrone, Marianna. "Avaliação de diferentes protocolos de extração de DNA para detecção de Brucella abortus a partir de materiais colhidos de feto abortado ou bezerros nascidos de vacas experimentalmente infectadas com a cepa 2308". Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-22072008-092115/.
Testo completoInfection by Brucella abortus diminishes the reproductive efficiency in bovines and it is also the agent of one of the most spread zoonosis in the world. In many countries control programs aim this disease, and in Brazil its combat was better organized since 2001 with the creation of the national program by the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supplies (MAPA). The objective of the present study was to improve the detection of B. abortus in aborted fetus homogenates from infected cows. For that reason, different DNA extraction protocols were compared, focusing the PCR detection of B. abortus in clinical samples collected from aborted fetus or calves obtained from cows experimentally defied with the 2308 B. abortus strain. Therefore, two gold standard groups were built based on classical bacteriology, formed by: 32 lungs (17 isolation positives samples), 26 spleens (11 isolation positives samples), 23 livers (8 isolation positives samples) and 22 bronchial lymph nodes (7 isolation positives samples). All samples were submitted to three distinct DNA extraction protocols, followed by the same amplification process with the primers B4 and B5. The analysis of the consolidated results showed a 95% sensibility for the proteinase K protocol (PK), 86 % for the guanidine isotiocianate (GT) and 88% for the Boom. The sensibility values obtained for lungs, spleen, liver and lymph node were, respectively, 100%, 100%, 100% and 71% (PK), 82%, 100%, 88% and 71% (GT) and 94%, 100%, 63% and 86% (Boom). In the group of animals in which it was not possible to isolate brucellas (negative gold standard), the PCR resulted positively in 8 samples for the PK extraction protocol (4 lungs, 1 liver and 3 lymph nodes), in 6 samples for the GT extraction protocol (1 lung, 3 livers and 2 lymph nodes) and in 37 samples for the Boom extraction protocol (10 lungs, 10 spleens, 10 livers and 7 lymph nodes). These results permit affirming that the PK extraction protocol showed the best diagnostic sensibility and that the Boom extraction protocol showed the best performance in negative isolation samples. Within the studied organs, the spleen showed the highest probability of B. abortus detection. Therefore, the best strategy for B. abortus detection in organs homogenates from aborted fetus is the utilization of isolation and in parallel, the PCR.
Medeiros, Marina de Almeida Braga [UNESP]. "Prevalência de brucelose bovina entre rebanhos fornecedores de leite de um laticínio no município de Itirapuã, Estado de São Paulo". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/94650.
Testo completoCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O estudo teve por objetivo determinar a prevalência da brucelose bovina entre fornecedores de leite de um laticínio situado no Município de Itirapuã, Estado de São Paulo, analisar fatores de risco eventualmente associados à ocorrência de brucelose nos rebanhos estudados e analisar o desempenho de testes sorológicos para detectar a infecção. De uma população de 942 bovinos adultos distribuídos em 55 rebanhos, situados nos municípios de Itirapuã e de Patrocínio Paulista, foi obtida uma amostra voluntária composta por 813 animais, distribuídos em 37 rebanhos cujos proprietários aceitaram participar do estudo. Foi aplicado um questionário, para a obtenção de informações sobre fatores que pudessem estar associados às taxas de prevalência. Foram colhidas amostras de soro sanguíneo de todos animais, as quais foram submetidas ao teste do antígeno acidificado tamponado (AAT), e as amostras positivas nesse teste foram submetidas à reação de fixação de complemento (RFC). Foram obtidas amostras de leite do conjunto de cada rebanho participante do estudo, que foram examinadas pelo teste do anel do leite (TAL). Das 813 amostras de soro sanguíneo colhidas, 26 (3,2%) resultaram positivas na aplicação em série dos testes de triagem (AAT) e confirmatório (RFC), e das 37 propriedades estudadas, 12 (32,4%) apresentaram pelo menos um animal positivo. Os fatores que se mostraram associados à ocorrência de brucelose foram número de animais no rebanho, não utilização da vacina B19 e compra frequente de animais. Não se observou boa concordância entre o TAL, que apontou resultado positivo em quatro (10,8%) dos 37 rebanhos, e os testes sorológicos individuais na detecção de rebanhos infectados
The aim of this investigation was to verify the prevalence of bovine brucellosis among milk suppliers of a dairy industry located in the municipality of Itirapuã, state of São Paulo, Brazil, analyze risk factors eventually associated with the occurrence of brucellosis among the herds involved in the study, and compare the performance of serological tests in detecting infected herds. From a population of 942 adult cattle in 55 herds, in the municipalities of Itirapuã and Patrocínio Paulista, a voluntary sample of 813 animals was obtained in 37 herds whose owners agreed in participating in the study. A questionnaire about risk factors that could be associated to the prevalence rates was applied. Serum samples of all the 813 animals were collected and tested by the rose Bengal plate test (RBPT); positive samples were then tested by the complement fixation test (CFT). Milk samples were taken from each can at the industry and tested by the milk ring test (MRT). Of the 813 serum samples, 26 (3.2) tested positive in the serial application of RBPT and CFT, and of the 37 herds, 12 (32.4%) had at least one positive animal. Factors that showed association with the prevalence rate were number of animals in the herd, lack of vaccination with strain 19 and frequent introduction of animals. The agreement between individual serological tests and MRT to detect infected herds was not good, since MRT showed positive results in only four (10.8%) of the 37 herds
Miyashiro, Simone. "Presença de DNA de Brucella abortus em subprodutos lácteos clandestinos: diferenciação da origem da cepa em vacinal (B19) ou campo pela reação da polimerase em cadeia (PCR)". Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-15062007-114720/.
Testo completoA PCR assay using primers designed based on the gene that encodes a 31 KDa immunogenic protein from Brucella abortus was used in the detection of Brucella spp. in 300 samples of illegal dairy products obtained in cities of the states of São Paulo (SP) and Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil. A total of 49 samples of minas frescal cheese and 18 samples of meia-cura cheese from MG were analyzed, besides 92 samples of minas frescal cheese, 33 samples of meia-cura cheese and 108 samples of raw milk from SP. Although bacterial isolation was used as reference, Brucella spp. was not isolated from any samples in which culture was contaminated by other genera of bacteria. PCR showed that 37 samples were positive for Brucella spp.: 29/141 (20,56 %) of the minas frescal cheese samples and 8/51 (15,68%) of the meia-cura cheese samples. All positive samples for Brucella spp. were confirmed as Brucella abortus by PCR using species-specific primers. Hemi-nested PCR was used for the differentiation between B19 and field strains, based on the genetic deletion of 702 pb in the vaccinal strain. Standardization of the technique enabled the differentiation of all Brucella spp. strains, showing that 30 of them (81,08%) were B19 and 7 (18,92%) of them were Brucella abortus field strains. Estimated agreement between PCR and microbiological culture as determined by Kappa indicator was considered to be poor (K = 0) due to the absence of isolation of the microorganism.
Darbon, Alexandre. "Épidémiologie sur réseau pour l'évaluation des risques dans la prévention et le contrôle des infections Network-based assessment of the vulnerability of Italian regions to bovine brucellosis Disease persistence on temporal contact networks accounting for heterogeneous infectious periods". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS077.
Testo completoMy doctoral thesis aims to propose solutions against the spread of infectious diseases in specific contexts, taking into account how host contacts evolve in time using a temporal network representation. It focuses on the determination of the epidemic threshold, a key indicator of the epidemic risk. By leveraging and extending a mathematical formalism from network theory, this work enables the computation of the epidemic threshold in real situations in order to identify public health measures. A first project addresses the persistence of bovine brucellosis in Italy despite the existing eradication measures. Using comprehensive data on cattle movements between Italian farms over several years, as well as time-stamped outbreak records, the epidemic threshold computation in each region of the country provides information on regions vulnerability and proposes factors that may explain disease persistence. An extension of the formalism is then presented, including heterogeneous average infectious periods in the epidemic threshold computation. This work shows in different epidemiological contexts how the classical assumption that the average infectious period is the same for all hosts in a population may bias epidemic risk assessments. This method also identifies the hosts in a population that are primarily responsible for the global epidemic risk
Praud, Anne. "Apport de l'épidémiologie dans le choix des outils d'aide à la prise de décision sanitaire en santé animale : evaluation des tests de dépistage en santé animale". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00783710.
Testo completoHesterberg, Uta Walburga. "A serological prevalence study of important infectious diseases of cattle in rural areas of Kwa Zulu Natal, South Africa". Diss., Access to E-Thesis, 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05062008-081645.
Testo completoSilva, Nairleia dos Santos. "Estudo das vacinas contra brucelose bovina: revisão". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-01072013-170508/.
Testo completoBovine brucellosis is one of the most widespread zoonoses in the world and it causes economical losses due to reproductive problems. Several investiments and efforts have been done to prevent bovine brucellosis in many parts of the world. The search for a vaccine which is harmless to both human and animals, ensure good immunity and , mainly, does not interfere in diagnostic tests is featured on the scene of worldwide research on brucellosis. Since the creation of the first vaccine against brucellosis, several others have been created. However, few have been accepted and widely used. The perspectives for the future of vaccines against brucellosis can be seen as varied as they were in the past. In this context, the aim of this study is to reflect on brucellosis vaccines considering the main vaccines developed in the past, the ones in use today and the perspectives for the future of vaccinology againt brucellosis.
Braga, Guilherme Basseto. "Caracterização dos sistemas de criacão de bovinos com atividade reprodutiva e estimativa de prevalência da brucelose bovina na Região Centro-Sul do Brasil". Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-01022011-092415/.
Testo completoLivestock is an agribusiness sector highlighted in the current national economy. With the intention of supporting this important activity, the performance of animal health promotion and defense services become increasingly necessary. With a full understanding of the environment on which these services exert its influence, strategies actions to minimize the problems faced become more effective. In 2001, the Ministry of Livestock Agriculture conducted a seroepidemiological study aiming to explore the epidemiological situation of bovine brucellosis in 14 Federal Units. The study included an epidemiological questionnaire which objective was to assess the possible risk factors for disease in livestock. It also allowed the development of a descriptive analysis of livestock breeding and raising in various regions. The results showed that the productive chain in Brazil is highly heterogeneous, revealing significant differences even within the same state. In general, frequencies of investment in technology, management practices, use of artificial insemination, use of specialized breeds, and veterinary care, increases as one moves toward the Federal Units located in the South of Brazil. The sale of breeding proved to be intense and conducted directly between the properties. The informal trade of milk and beef still accounts for a significant portion of the market. Given the lack of projects with this focus, the need for other projects of this type appears to be relevant when one considers that the scenarios in which the creations are found should be the starting point to develop strategies to act face the problems found in the industry.
Domenech, Joseph. "Aspects biogéographiques, épidémiologiques et économiques de la pathologie de la reproduction des bovins en Afrique centrale, notamment de la brucellose". Paris 12, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA120020.
Testo completoNegreiros, Risia Lopes. "Caracterização da brucelose bovina no Estado de Mato Grosso". Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-28062007-121257/.
Testo completoTo characterize bovine brucellosis in Mato Grosso State, a transversal study was carried out in 2003 by the Ministério da Agricultura Pecuária e Abastecimento, Instituto de Defesa Agropecuária do Estado de Mato Grosso, and Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo. The State was stratified in 4 cattle production regions (CP1, CP2, CP3, CP4) and 1152 herds were randomly sampled. Sera were tested using a serial testing procedure with the Rose Bengal Test as the screening method and both Rose Bengal Test and 2-mercaptoethanol as the confirmatory method. The systematic constant of the test was 10 samples in herds up to 99 females and 15 in those with 100 or more females over 24 months of age. 1115 bovine were analysed and 37 herds were not considered (34 with inconclusive tests and 3 with buffaloes). In the State, the estimated prevalence of herds 41.19%, and 36.91%, 27.25%, 40.4% and 50.33% in the four cattle regions, respectively. The estimated prevalence of animals was 10.25% in the State and 7.92%, 4.11%, 8.13%, 15.26% in the four regions, respectively. A buffalo and 428 bovine herds tested positive for brucellosis. Geographic coordinates of the farms were obtained, but no cluster of positive herds was observed in the spatial analysis. In the univariate analysis 28 independent variables were analysed, but only those with P<0.20 were kept for the multiple regression analysis. The herd characteristics most associated with the presence of disease were: beef cattle farming (OR=1.8), mixed (beef and dairy) cattle farming (OR=1.8), farms with 11 to 50 females (OR=4.8), farms with more than 51 females (OR=6.8) and presence of abortion (OR=1.7), for the whole State; milk production above 50 liters (OR=5.4) and presence of abortion (OR=2.7) in CP1; farms with more than 242 females (OR=3.6) and farms that perform brucellosis tests only when animals are bought or when it is required for animal transportation (OR=3.8) in CP2; farms with 135 to 333 females (OR=2.4), farms that slaughter females by the end of their reproductive lives in inspected slaughterhouses (OR=4.0) and farms that slaughter females by the end of their reproductive lives in uninspected slaughterhouses or in the farm (OR=2.5) in CP3; mixed cattle farming (OR=2.7), farms with 38 to 96 females (OR=2.6) and with more than 361 females (OR=4.1) in CP4. Once brucellosis is homogeneously distributed in Mato Grosso State, uniform sanitary measures might be adopted for the whole State. Risk factors with the highest OR values are related to farms with big herd sizes, what justifies the adoption of sanitary measures specific for these farms. As a homogeneous additional measure for the State, we suggest the intensification of the females vaccination, whose results, based on previous studies, might take decades to be observed.
Ogata, Renato Akio. "Caracterização espacial da brucelose bovina no Estado do Tocantins". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-22042009-101910/.
Testo completoIn order to support the implementation of PNCEBT in Tocantins State, a study was conducted to characterize the epidemiological situation of the disease from February 2002 to august 2003. The State was divided into six areas with a homogeneous productive system (production circuits). For each area, a simple random sample was calculated, to estimate the prevalence both in farms and cows over two years old. To achieve this, 10 15 adult cows (over two years old) were sampled. A total of 20,908 sera from 1,842 farms were obtained. For the whole State of Tocantins, the prevalence of positive farms (or farms with at least one positive animal) was 21.22% [19.33;23.11]. When the production circuits were considered, the positive farms prevalences from the circuits 1, 2, 3 and 5 were significantly higher than the other circuits: 16.01% [12.08;20.61], 37.63% [32.08;43.43], 26.38% [21.54;31.69] and 29.26% [24.26;34.66], respectively. In the circuits 4 and 6, the prevalences were 5.84% [3.50-9.08] and 8.57% [5.72;12.23], respectively. In each visited farm, a questionnaire was applied, in order to evaluate the association with possible risk factors and the brucellosis. The results of risk factors analysis were: herds of cows > 24 months above 120 animals (OR=2.00); vaccinate against brucellosis or vaccinate cows above 8 months (OR=0.37); presence of birth paddock (OR=0.72); Milk exploitation (OR=0.63) and slaughter of breeding animals in farm (OR=1,52).
Sikusawa, Suzana. "Prevalência e caracterização epidemiológica da brucelose bovina no Estado de Santa Catarina". Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-19102004-105921/.
Testo completoFor this study Santa Catarina has been divided in five epidemiological areas in order to know the epidemiological situation of bovine brucellosis in this state. Systematic random sampling was used for the sampling design. The prevalence of bovine brucellosis was determined as well as the epidemiological characterization of the farms in each of the five areas, and the possibility of grouping some of them according to existent similarity was tested. Serum samples of 7756 animals were collected and an epidemiological survey using questionnaires was carried out in 1579 farms. The prevalence of positive holdings and animals for bovine brucellosis in Santa Catarina state were 0,02% (0,00-0,15%) and 0,06% (0,01-0,40%), respectively. In areas 1 and 2, the prevalence of positive holdings was 0,00% (0,00-1,23%); in area 3 it was 0,00% (0,00-0,93%), in area 4 it was 0,34% (0,00-1,86%) and in area 5 it was 0,00% (0,00-1,26%). Regarding prevalence of serum-positive animals for bovine brucellosis, all areas had prevalence 0,00% (0,00-0,00%), except area 4, which had prevalence 0,89% (0,13-5,76%). Most of the farms of five areas raise the animals extensively, grow mixed-breed cattle, make use of manual milking and do not use artificial insemination. The great majority of the areas develop mixed exploration except area 5 in which most farms grow dairy cattle. Area 3, which has the highest median of dairy milk production (7,5 liters), is the only one where the cooling of the milk is practiced in most of the farms. Area 1 has the highest median of number of bovine (16 bovines per farm). According to the analysis developed, it is suggested that areas 3 and 4 be grouped
Borba, Mauro Riegert. "Caracterização epidemiológica da brucelose bovina no estado do Maranhão". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-09102012-151041/.
Testo completoThe present work is the result of a partnership among the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply, the Animal Health State Agency of Maranhão, the University of São Paulo and the University of Brasília, becoming part of the activities of the National Program to Control and Eradicate Animal Brucellosis and Tuberculosis. A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of bovine brucellosis in animals and farms in Maranhão State and four cattle production circuits, from the arbitrary division of the State. In each farm selected for the study, serum samples were randomly collected from cows aged 24 months or more, as well as an epidemiological questionnaire was applied aiming to characterize the types of cattle production systems and to determine the risk factors associated with occurrence of the disease in Maranhão. In total 749 farms and 6,779 animals were surveyed. Geographic coordinates of each farm were collected for identification of the spatial distribution of positive farms and identification of geographic areas where disease control measures should preferably be implemented. The prevalence of positive farms with at least one reagent animal, was estimated at 11.42% (9.23 - 14.06%) and the prevalence of seropositive animals was 2.52% (1.73 - 3.65% ). Significant differences in prevalence were observed among the circuit number 2 and the others. The variables: cattle herd over 54 cows aged 24 months or more, rent pasture from/to third parties and presence of wetlands on the farm were identified as risk factors for the occurrence of brucellosis in the State. Beef herd was identified as a protective factor of the disease. The performance of the final model of risk factors, analyzed by the area under the ROC curve, was 0.73, which means that the occurrence of disease outbreaks is also influenced by other factors not included in the risk factors analysis. The distribution of bovine brucellosis was studied beyond spatial analysis of prevalence and first and second order effects. An heterogeneous distribution of disease outbreaks in the State was observed, especially some areas in central and eastern and northwestern borders. Little evidence of second order effects were observed on a scale of 0 to 10 km. The analysis of first-order effect, through the residues of the logistic regression model, identified areas of greatest risk of disease, especially in the center of the State, where the presence of bovine brucellosis has not been fully explained by the risk factors model. Greater attention should preferably be paid to this area, where epidemiological investigations and disease control interventions should be implemented.
Almeida, Laerte Pereira de. "Bursite cervical em bovinos: avaliação da brucelose como fator de risco". Universidade de São Paulo, 1996. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6135/tde-06022018-140305/.
Testo completoThe present study was conducted in the municipal of the Municipality of Uberlândia in the State of Minas Gerais. An examination is made of the association between a sorological diagnosis indicating brucellosis and the existence of supraspinous bursitis in cattle slaughtered between August, 1993 and July, 1994. To diagnose brucelloses the \"Rapid Aglutination\" test was performed on a plate with the standardized antigen count considered to be positive if above 100. The bursas examined were identified by technicians of the Federal Inspection Service based on the presence of ten standardized morphological characteristics. Using the case-control design 30 animals identified as having supraspinous bursitis were compared with 90 animals rendomly selected, without bursitis- but with other characteristics (sex, background, lot, conformation) similar to those affected. All animals were then diagnosed for brucellos. Of all municipios counties that sent animals for slaught 60,0 per cent came from the microregion of Triângulo Mineiro, MG, corresponding to 94,7 per cent of the total of slaughtered bovine; the number of females and males were equivalent. 80,0 per cent of cases of bursitis were registrated between August 1993 and February 1994. The State of Goiás had a rate of 0,28 per cent of bursitis cases against 0,13 per cent in Minas Gerais, (P=0,139). Itapirapuã, GO, with 5,0 per cent of cases was the municipal region with the highest rate of ocorrence (P<0,05). The rate or bursitis in female animals was 0,20 per cent while in male it was 0,07 per cent (P<0,05). The most frequency intense vascularization (56,66 per cent ), the presence of nodules (53,33 per cent ). Of the animals with bursitis, 13,33 per cent were found to have brucellosis while of the other animals, 5,56 per cent had the disease (P=0,115). The morphological characteristics of the bursae examined of the animals with brucellosis contained, most frequency, fibrin (40,0 per cent ) and digital projections (33,3 per cent ). The presence of pus, nodules and viscous fluid were found only among the animals who tested negative for brucellosis. The odds ratio between brucellosis and supraspinous bursitis was 2,61 (P>0,05). The attributable risk of bursitis in the population was calculated at 7,64 per cent . This is to say that the expected frequency of supraspinous bursitis, with the eradication of brucellosis, can be expected to reduce by this amount (in populations similar to that of the present study) . In the area of work related health hazards, although the statistical relation between bursitis and brucellosis lacks significance, bursitis continues to merit the attention of technicians and profesionals employed in slaughterhouses in and effort to reduce the risk of infection to their health as well as contamination of carcasses, equipment and installations.
Meirelles, Raphaella Barbosa [UNESP]. "Avaliação do teste do antígeno acidificado tamponado em soros tratados com rivanol como teste confirmatório no diagnóstico sorológico da brucelose bovina". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/94662.
Testo completoCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
O trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a prova do antígeno acidificado tamponado após tratamento dos soros com rivanol (AAT-RIV), como teste confirmatório no diagnóstico sorológico da brucelose bovina. Foram selecionadas 1.061 amostras de soros bovinos, previamente analisadas pelos testes preconizados pelo Programa Nacional de Controle e Erradicação de Brucelose Tuberculose (PNCEBT): como teste de triagem, a prova do antígeno acidificado tamponado (AAT), e como testes confirmatórios, a combinação das provas de soroaglutinação lenta e 2-mercaptoetanol (SAL+2-Me), e a reação de fixação de complemento (RFC). O AAT-RIV foi realizado com o antígeno nas concentrações de 8% e 4% de volume celular, não tendo sido encontrada diferença nos resultados. Os dados foram analisados pelo indicador kappa e pelo χ2 de McNemar, adotando-se com ponto-de-corte o título 25 no 2-Me e 4 na RFC. O AAT-RIV apresentou concordância regular (kappa = 0,53) com o AAT e boa com os testes confirmatórios (kappa: 2-Me = 0,67; SAL+2-Me = 0,66; RFC = 0,76). O χ2 de McNemar apontou diferenças significativas entre os testes. A comparação entre os resultados do AAT-RIV e a condição verdadeira do animal, estabelecida pela combinação dos resultados das provas AAT, SAL+2-Me e RFC, resultou em uma sensibilidade relativa de 76,5%, com intervalo de confiança (95%) de 72,7% a 80,3%, e especificidade relativa de 100%. Conclui-se que o AAT-RIV poderia ser utilizado como teste confirmatório no diagnóstico sorológico da brucelose bovina, sendo os animais com resultado positivo considerados infectados e aqueles com resultado negativo submetidos a um dos dois testes confirmatórios adotados pelo PNCEBT.
The purpose of the investigation was to evaluate the rose Bengal plate test in bovine serum after treatment with rivanol (RBPT-RIV) as a confirmatory test for brucellosis diagnosis. Serum samples from 1,061 bovine were analyzed by serological diagnostic techniques adopted by the Brazilian Program for Animal Brucellosis and Tuberculosis Control and Eradication: as screening test, the rose Bengal plate test (RBPT), and as confirmatory tests, the 2- mercaptoethanol plus standard tube agglutination test (STAT+2-Me), and the complement fixation test (CFT). RBPT-RIV was performed with 8% and 4% cellular concentration antigen, and there was no difference between the results. Data were analyzed by kappa statistic and McNemar χ2 (2-Me cut-off = titer 25, and CFT cutoff = titer 4). RBPT-RIV showed a moderate agreement (kappa = 0,53) with RBPT, and substantial agreement with the confirmatory tests (kappa: 2-Me = 0,67; STAT+2-Me = 0,66; CFT = 0,76). The McNemar χ2 showed significant difference among the tests. Comparing the RBPT-RIV results with the true condition of the animals, stablished by combining the results of RBPT, STAT+2-Me and CFT, the relative sensitivity was 76.5%, with a 95% confidence interval from 72,7% to 80.3%, and relative specificity of 100%. The results suggested that the RPBT-RIV is suitable to be used as a confirmatory test for brucellosis serological diagnosis; in this case, an animal testing positive should be classified as infected, and an animal testing negative should be tested by CFT or STAT+2-Me.
Baumgarten, Karina Diniz. "Situação epidemiológica da brucelose bovina no Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil". Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-05112015-101607/.
Testo completoThis study was planned to assess the epidemiological situation of bovine brucellosis in Santa Catarina State, Brazil. The State was divided into five regions (regions 1 to 5) according to characteristics of animal husbandry (livestock production). A sample size of 292 herds was predefined for each region. The herds were randomly sampled and, within them, a preset number of females aged over 24 months were also randomly selected for the serological diagnosis of brucellosis. A total of 8,630 animals, from 1,653 farms, were tested. In all selected farms, an epidemiological questionnaire was applied to verify risk factors for brucellosis. The test protocol was a screening by the Rose Bengal Test. If positive, followed by a 2-Mercaptoethanol test. The inconclusive results were tested again after 30 days. In a total of 11 herds, 16 animals were diagnosed as brucellosis positive. The prevalence of infected herds in the State was 0.912% [0.297 2.11]. The prevalence of infected herds in each of regions were as follows: region 1, 0.322% [0 0.959]; region 2, 2.134% [0.862 4.348]; region 3, 1.087% [0.297 2.760]; region 4, 0.325% [0 0.968]; region 5, 0.293% [0 0.875]. The total prevalence of positive animals was 1.21% [0.0951 4.97]. The animal prevalence in regions 1, 4 and 5 was equal to 0.0%; in region 2 was 1.02% [0.280 2.57], and in region 3 was 1.97% [0.106 8.84]. The risk factors associated with brucellosis were: herd size higher than 12 females over 24 months (OR = 7.47 [2.14 to 34.34]) and drenched areas (OR = 5.68 [1.62 to 26.13]). After using a two-proportion test to compare the prevalence in this study and in a prior study in the same State, a statistically significant difference was found between the prevalence results only in region 2 (P=0.031). Given the low prevalence (less than 1%), the implementation of eradication strategies, based on a surveillance system, should be encouraged
Villar, Karina de Senna. "Caracterização epidemiológica da brucelose bovina no Estado de Rondônia". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-23042009-101031/.
Testo completoGiven the importance of the National Program for Control Eradication of Brucellosis and Tuberculosis (PNCEBT) for the production chains of meat and milk to consumers of products of animal origin, for the image that the country designs on world markets and in view of the high costs related to the procedures necessary to achieve the objectives of the program, it is necessary for studies designed to clarify the epidemiological situation of brucellosis in cattle national squad, including the herd Rondoniense, aiming to be the choice of pipelines and strategies creation of an appropriate and rational mechanism for verifying the effectiveness of actions implemented in each producing region. As a result, a partnership was formed involving the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (MAPA) and the Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health of FMVZ-USP.O State of Rondonia was divided into three homogeneous regions (circuit producers of cattle) which were characterized and where epidemiological studies have been performed prevalence. Os results indicated an apparent prevalence of 34,57% [31,49,- 37,65] and the prevalence of apparent circuit: circuit 1, 41,48% [35,95; -47,18] in circuit 2, 31,70% [26,52, -37,24] and the circuit 3, 31.61% [26.47, -37.11]. The prevalence of females aged more than 24 months seropositive in the state was 6,22% [4, 88-7, 56]. The prevalence of females aged more than 24 months was seropositive for circuit: circuit 1 8.33% [5,90-10,76%], circuit 2, 5,95% [4,30-7,61% ], circuit 3, 4,60% [2,54-6,65%]. The high prevalence of outbreaks appears to be distributed uniformly between the circuits. The risk factors associated with the condition of focus were: a history of abortion [OR = 1.42, (1,04-1,95)] and exploration of cutting [OR = 1.75, (1,30-2,38 ). It is important to note that this study is unprecedented for the Federal Unit and a knowledge of the initial situation will monitor the progress of the National Program for Control and Eradication of Brucellosis and Tuberculosis (PNCEBT) and judge the need to promote correction, avoiding the waste of time and resources.
Silva, Vicente Godoy de Salles Oliveira. "Situação epidemiológica da brucelose bovina no Estado de Sergipe". Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-20052011-153338/.
Testo completoTo support the planning and implementation of the National Program for the Control and Eradication of Bovine Brucellosis in the State of Sergipe, a study to characterize the brucellosis epidemiological situation was carried out. The State was divided in two regions. Around three hundred herds were randomly sampled in each region, and a pre-established number of animals were sampled in each of these herds. A total of 4757 serum samples from 590 herds were collected. In each herd, it was applied an epidemiological questionnaire focused on herd traits as well as husbandry and sanitary practices that could be associated with the risk of infection. The serum samples were screened by the Rose-Bengal Test (RBT), and all test positives were re-tested by the 2-Mercaptoethanol Test (2-ME). The herd was considered positive if at least one animal tested positive on both RBT and 2-ME tests. The prevalence of infected herds and animals at the State level were respectively 12,60% [9,19 - 16,01%] and 3,36% [2,28 - 4,44 %]. The prevalence of infected herds and animals at the Regional level were respectively: region 1: 11,07% [7,87 - 15,00 %] and 2,58% [1,62 - 3,54 %], region 2: 12,92% [9,12 - 17,59 %] and 6,25% [3,00 - 9,49 %]. The factors associated with the presence of the infection were: veterinary assistance (OR=2,89 [1,15 -7,23]) and herd size ≥ 30 adult females (OR = 1,88 [1,07 - 3,28] and use of artificial insemination (OR=1,92; [0,84-4,38]).
Maurelio, Anna Paula Vitirito [UNESP]. "Estudo da situação epidemiológica da brucelose e tuberculose bovina em propriedades fornecedoras de leite para o programa Laticínio Escola do município de Botucatu-SP". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/131997.
Testo completoFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
A brucelose e tuberculose são enfermidades infectocontagiosas de evolução crônica, de caráter zoonótico, que representam grandes prejuízos econômicos à bovinocultura leiteira e saúde pública. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram: estudar a situação epidemiológica destas enfermidades nas propriedades fornecedoras de leite para o Programa Municipal de Botucatu intitulado Laticínio Escola; determinar o grau de conhecimento dos pequenos produtores acerca destas doenças por meio de um questionário elaborado para essa finalidade. Ao final do questionário os produtores receberam instruções técnicas sobre os temas abordados e foi realizado um trabalho social de conscientização sobre a importância zoonótica e sanitária. O estudo foi conduzido em 22 pequenas propriedades leiteiras do município de Botucatu-SP, que fornecem leite para creches e escolas municipais. Os testes realizados foram os preconizados pelo Programa Nacional de Controle e Erradicação de Brucelose e Tuberculose (PNCEBT), que são sorológicos para brucelose e imunoalérgico para tuberculose. Os animais reagentes a ambos os testes foram retirados da propriedade, levados ao Hospital Veterinário da FMVZ/UNESP, campus de Botucatu, para realização de exame necroscópico. O total de animais testados para Tuberculose foi 736, e para Brucelose 512. Encontrou-se pelo menos um bovino positivo para tuberculose em 13,6% (3/22) das propriedades, e para brucelose em 31,8% (7/22). A prevalência das enfermidades observada foi de 0,8% (6/736) e 2,3% (12/512) para tuberculose e brucelose, respectivamente. Os dados deste estudo foram semelhantes aos encontrados em trabalhos regionais da literatura nacional. Portanto, na microrregião de Botucatu-SP, estas enfermidades ainda representam grande relevância socioeconômica, sanitária e de saúde pública
Brucellosis and tuberculosis are chronic infectious diseases and considered as zoonosis, which represent large economic losses to dairy cattle and public health. Our objectives were to study the epidemiological situation of these diseases in the properties that supply milk to the Municipal Program of Botucatu entitled Dairy School; determine the degree of knowledge of small farmers about these diseases through a questionnaire prepared for this purpose. At the end of the questionnaire the producers received technical instruction on the topics and we performed a social work awareness of zoonotic importance and health. The study was conducted in 22 small dairy farms of Botucatu-SP, which provide milk for kindergartens and public schools. The tests performed were those recommended by the National Program for Control and Eradication of Brucellosis and Tuberculosis (PNCEBT), which are serologic for brucellosis and tuberculosis imunoalergic. Reagents animals to both tests were removed from the property, taken to the Veterinary Hospital of FMVZ/UNESP, Botucatu, to perform necropsies. The total number of animals tested for tuberculosis was 736, and for brucellosis 512. It has been found Brucellosis at least one positive for tuberculosis in 13.6% (3/22) of properties, for brucellosis in 31.8% (7/22). The prevalence of disease observed was 0.8% (6/736) and 2.3% (12/512) for tuberculosis and brucellosis, respectively. Data from this study were similar to those in regional work of the national literature. Therefore, in the micro region of Botucatu, these diseases still represent very important socio-economic, health and public health
Meirelles, Raphaella Barbosa. "Avaliação do teste do antígeno acidificado tamponado em soros tratados com rivanol como teste confirmatório no diagnóstico sorológico da brucelose bovina /". Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/94662.
Testo completoBanca: Samir Issa Samara
Banca: Jane Megid
Resumo: O trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a prova do antígeno acidificado tamponado após tratamento dos soros com rivanol (AAT-RIV), como teste confirmatório no diagnóstico sorológico da brucelose bovina. Foram selecionadas 1.061 amostras de soros bovinos, previamente analisadas pelos testes preconizados pelo Programa Nacional de Controle e Erradicação de Brucelose Tuberculose (PNCEBT): como teste de triagem, a prova do antígeno acidificado tamponado (AAT), e como testes confirmatórios, a combinação das provas de soroaglutinação lenta e 2-mercaptoetanol (SAL+2-Me), e a reação de fixação de complemento (RFC). O AAT-RIV foi realizado com o antígeno nas concentrações de 8% e 4% de volume celular, não tendo sido encontrada diferença nos resultados. Os dados foram analisados pelo indicador kappa e pelo χ2 de McNemar, adotando-se com ponto-de-corte o título 25 no 2-Me e 4 na RFC. O AAT-RIV apresentou concordância regular (kappa = 0,53) com o AAT e boa com os testes confirmatórios (kappa: 2-Me = 0,67; SAL+2-Me = 0,66; RFC = 0,76). O χ2 de McNemar apontou diferenças significativas entre os testes. A comparação entre os resultados do AAT-RIV e a condição verdadeira do animal, estabelecida pela combinação dos resultados das provas AAT, SAL+2-Me e RFC, resultou em uma sensibilidade relativa de 76,5%, com intervalo de confiança (95%) de 72,7% a 80,3%, e especificidade relativa de 100%. Conclui-se que o AAT-RIV poderia ser utilizado como teste confirmatório no diagnóstico sorológico da brucelose bovina, sendo os animais com resultado positivo considerados infectados e aqueles com resultado negativo submetidos a um dos dois testes confirmatórios adotados pelo PNCEBT.
Abstract: The purpose of the investigation was to evaluate the rose Bengal plate test in bovine serum after treatment with rivanol (RBPT-RIV) as a confirmatory test for brucellosis diagnosis. Serum samples from 1,061 bovine were analyzed by serological diagnostic techniques adopted by the Brazilian Program for Animal Brucellosis and Tuberculosis Control and Eradication: as screening test, the rose Bengal plate test (RBPT), and as confirmatory tests, the 2- mercaptoethanol plus standard tube agglutination test (STAT+2-Me), and the complement fixation test (CFT). RBPT-RIV was performed with 8% and 4% cellular concentration antigen, and there was no difference between the results. Data were analyzed by kappa statistic and McNemar χ2 (2-Me cut-off = titer 25, and CFT cutoff = titer 4). RBPT-RIV showed a moderate agreement (kappa = 0,53) with RBPT, and substantial agreement with the confirmatory tests (kappa: 2-Me = 0,67; STAT+2-Me = 0,66; CFT = 0,76). The McNemar χ2 showed significant difference among the tests. Comparing the RBPT-RIV results with the true condition of the animals, stablished by combining the results of RBPT, STAT+2-Me and CFT, the relative sensitivity was 76.5%, with a 95% confidence interval from 72,7% to 80.3%, and relative specificity of 100%. The results suggested that the RPBT-RIV is suitable to be used as a confirmatory test for brucellosis serological diagnosis; in this case, an animal testing positive should be classified as infected, and an animal testing negative should be tested by CFT or STAT+2-Me.
Mestre
Martinho, Anna Paula Vitirito. "Estudo da situação epidemiológica da brucelose e tuberculose bovina em propriedades fornecedoras de leite para o programa "Laticínio Escola" do município de Botucatu-SP /". Botucatu, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/131997.
Testo completoCoorientador: Jane Megid
Banca: Hélio Langoni
Banca: Rogério Giuffrida
Resumo: A brucelose e tuberculose são enfermidades infectocontagiosas de evolução crônica, de caráter zoonótico, que representam grandes prejuízos econômicos à bovinocultura leiteira e saúde pública. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram: estudar a situação epidemiológica destas enfermidades nas propriedades fornecedoras de leite para o Programa Municipal de Botucatu intitulado "Laticínio Escola"; determinar o grau de conhecimento dos pequenos produtores acerca destas doenças por meio de um questionário elaborado para essa finalidade. Ao final do questionário os produtores receberam instruções técnicas sobre os temas abordados e foi realizado um trabalho social de conscientização sobre a importância zoonótica e sanitária. O estudo foi conduzido em 22 pequenas propriedades leiteiras do município de Botucatu-SP, que fornecem leite para creches e escolas municipais. Os testes realizados foram os preconizados pelo Programa Nacional de Controle e Erradicação de Brucelose e Tuberculose (PNCEBT), que são sorológicos para brucelose e imunoalérgico para tuberculose. Os animais reagentes a ambos os testes foram retirados da propriedade, levados ao Hospital Veterinário da FMVZ/UNESP, campus de Botucatu, para realização de exame necroscópico. O total de animais testados para Tuberculose foi 736, e para Brucelose 512. Encontrou-se pelo menos um bovino positivo para tuberculose em 13,6% (3/22) das propriedades, e para brucelose em 31,8% (7/22). A prevalência das enfermidades observada foi de 0,8% (6/736) e 2,3% (12/512) para tuberculose e brucelose, respectivamente. Os dados deste estudo foram semelhantes aos encontrados em trabalhos regionais da literatura nacional. Portanto, na microrregião de Botucatu-SP, estas enfermidades ainda representam grande relevância socioeconômica, sanitária e de saúde pública
Abstract: Brucellosis and tuberculosis are chronic infectious diseases and considered as zoonosis, which represent large economic losses to dairy cattle and public health. Our objectives were to study the epidemiological situation of these diseases in the properties that supply milk to the Municipal Program of Botucatu entitled "Dairy School"; determine the degree of knowledge of small farmers about these diseases through a questionnaire prepared for this purpose. At the end of the questionnaire the producers received technical instruction on the topics and we performed a social work awareness of zoonotic importance and health. The study was conducted in 22 small dairy farms of Botucatu-SP, which provide milk for kindergartens and public schools. The tests performed were those recommended by the National Program for Control and Eradication of Brucellosis and Tuberculosis (PNCEBT), which are serologic for brucellosis and tuberculosis imunoalergic. Reagents animals to both tests were removed from the property, taken to the Veterinary Hospital of FMVZ/UNESP, Botucatu, to perform necropsies. The total number of animals tested for tuberculosis was 736, and for brucellosis 512. It has been found Brucellosis at least one positive for tuberculosis in 13.6% (3/22) of properties, for brucellosis in 31.8% (7/22). The prevalence of disease observed was 0.8% (6/736) and 2.3% (12/512) for tuberculosis and brucellosis, respectively. Data from this study were similar to those in regional work of the national literature. Therefore, in the micro region of Botucatu, these diseases still represent very important socio-economic, health and public health
Mestre
Cárdenas, Contreras Zaida Liliana. "La brucelosis bovina y sus factores de riesgo: evaluación a nivel mundial y en Colombia". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/461075.
Testo completoBovine brucellosis is a zoonotic disease, with great importance in public health and in the livestock sector due to the direct economic losses it causes and, specially, due to the commercial restrictions for both the infected animals as well as their products. The knowledge of the health status of the disease, its evolution over time and the factors that influence its presentation is of great importance for the appropriate application of sanitary measures in a country. In this sense, four studies, fulfilling the proposed objectives, were formulated. The first study analyzes the evolution of bovine brucellosis in the world. Data were taken from 156 OIE member countries for the period between the years 1996 and 2014. The countries were classified into three groups according to their sanitary situation a) Enzootic: countries infected, which can have been free of brucellosis but for periods of less than 3 years. b) Non-enzootic: countries where the disease was present, but there was at least a 3-year period without the disease, and c) Free: countries where the disease remained absent during the whole period. The countries were compared by means of the Kruskall-Wallis and Mann-Whitney non-parametric tests, and the Spearman correlation coefficient for two quantitative variables. In this last case, if the relation was significant, a lineal or cubic regression model was made to better describe the tendency. A relationship was found between the status of the disease and the availability of economic resources; thus, countries with a high GDP per capita tended to be free from bovine brucellosis. Countries with a greater bovine census showed a greater probability to have the disease present. The most affected regions were Central and South America, Africa and parts of Asia. The next studies were focused on the epidemiology of the disease in Colombia. The first one intended to estimate the evolution of the bovine brucellosis control in Colombia over a seven years period (2006-2012). A univariate analysis was carried out, then a principal components analysis was performed for each year separately. The results indicated that, during the years of the study, prevalence remained practically unvaried (farms went from 22% to 23%, and animals varied between 4.7% and 4.6% between 2006 and 2012, respectively). Three different areas were defined according to brucellosis status and surveillance. In the second study, movements of the domestic animal species in Colombia (cattle and buffaloes, pigs, horses, goats and sheep) were analyzed over a period of nine years (2006-2014). The association between the disease prevalence and the animal movement was analyzed using a network analysis; subsequently, Multiple Linear Regressions (MLR) and ANOVA test were developed to analyze the relation between the health situation and the movement of animals. The results indicate the possible role of equine movements in the brucellosis spread between departments. Finally, the objective of the third study of Colombian data, was the identification of the risk factors associated with re-infection of Brucella abortus in cattle farms. A case-control study was performed in which 98 case-farms (herds were brucellosis was re-introduced) were compared to 93 control farms (without re-introduction of the disease). A bivariate analysis and a logistic regression model were done. The results indicated that the replacement animals, natural matting and contact with infected farms or with unknown sanitary status, were risk factors for the re-introduction of the disease.
Pacheco, Wanessa de Andrade. "Excreção de Brucella abortus, estirpe B19 pelo leite e urina de fêmeas bovinas de diferentes faixas etárias vacinadas contra brucelose e sua relação com o ciclo reprodutivo". Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-14092007-144915/.
Testo completoThe National Program of Brucellosis and Tuberculosis Control and Eradication (PNCEBT) designed by MAPA (Ministério da Agricultura Pecuária e Abastecimento) adapted as the central of vaccination by law with B19 the of all females of bovine and bubaline species, between three and eight months of age. However the B19 should be capable of verifying 65 - 70% of protection against a large number of levels of exposition of bovines if utilized in the correct dose and age recommended the period of excretion and your effect about communicant animals and bound to included men but are still not well known and for the subject of biovaccines of a high infectious should be watchful for the role of zoonotic in the handling of animals that?s eliminate these vaccines. This studies evaluated the excretion of B19 strain in milk and urine of 14 bovine females the different ages that was immunized at three and eight months of age originated from heads of milky exploration, based on the bacteriologic tests and polymerize chain reaction (PCR) diagnoses correlated with hormonal fases of complete reproductive cycle. All of positive samples in PCR for Brucella spp. was confirmed for B19 strain being its excretion predominantly at moment of cio about 150 pregnant days and the pos parturition (30 days) or else independently the hormonal fase. The persistence and excretion of B19 was observed in bovine females until nine years old.
Chate, Sabrina Caruso. "Situação epidemiológica da brucelose bovina no Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil". Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-21092010-140658/.
Testo completoTo support the planning and implementation of the National Program for the Control and Eradication of Brucellosis and Tuberculosis in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, a study to characterize the epidemiological status of bovine brucellosis was carried out. The State was divided in three regions. Herds were randomly sampled in each region, and a pre-established number of animals were sampled in each of these herds. A total of 14.849 serum samples from 1.004 herds were collected. In each herd it was applied an epidemiological questionnaire focused on herd traits as well as clinical signs that could be associated with the brucellosis infection. The serum samples were tested for antibodies against Brucella spp. by the Rose-Bengal Test (RBT). The herd was considered positive if at least one animal tested positive. The prevalence of infected herds at the State level were 41.5% [36.5% - 44.7%]. The prevalence of infected herds at the Regional level were respectively: 40.6% [35.8% - 45.5%] for the Beef Planalto region, 59.0% [52.8% - 64.9%] for the Beef Pantanal region and 33.1% [28.4% - 38.1%] for the Dairy Planalto region. The factors associated with the presence of the infection were: herd size bigger than 500 cows (OR = 2.46 [1.81 - 3.34]), occurrence of weak calf (OR = 1.20 [0.87 - 1.65]) and use of artificial insemination (OR = 0.71 [0.50 - 1.01]).
Mioni, Mateus de Souza Ribeiro [UNESP]. "Soroprevalência da brucelose bovina em frigoríficos com diferentes níveis de serviço de inspeção no estado de São Paulo". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132107.
Testo completoFoi estimada a prevalência estadual da brucelose bovina em abatedouros nos diferentes níveis de inspeção sanitária no Estado de São Paulo após a implantação do Programa Nacional de Controle e Erradicação da Brucelose e Tuberculose (PNCEBT), instituído em 2001. Para tanto, foram amostrados 1.490 bovinos em nove frigoríficos distribuídos em diferentes regiões do estado, dos quais três com inspeção federal (SIF), três com inspeção estadual (SISP) e três com inspeção municipal (SIM). Os soros foram analisados pelas provas do antígeno acidificado tamponado (AAT), e os reagentes foram confirmados pela reação de fixação de complemento (RFC). As prevalências obtidas por meio da RFC e seus respectivos intervalos de confiança, nos diferentes serviços de fiscalização, foram 0,40% [0,00% - 0,95%] (SIF), 2,00% [0,77% - 3,23%] (SISP) e 4,29% [2,67% - 6,48%] IC95% (SIM) e no estado foi estimada em 2,21% [1,47% - 2,96%]. Com os resultados obtidos, foi possível discutir a situação da brucelose bovina no Estado de São Paulo bem como o risco à saúde a que os trabalhadores de abatedouros estão expostos e a diferença entre os sistemas de inspeção vigentes no país. Concluiu-se que a soroprevalência da brucelose bovina no Estado de São Paulo permaneceu estável. Sugere-se que a adoção de novas medidas para complementar o PNCEBT poderiam acelerar o controle e a posterior erradicação da enfermidade; e que o aumento da fiscalização nos abatedouros de inspeção estadual e municipal acrescido de vigilância ativa nesses pontos poderia auxiliar no combate à doença
This study estimated the prevalence of bovine brucellosis in state of São Paulo as well as the prevalence in slaughterhouses with different levels of sanitary inspection in the same state after the implementation of the National Program for the Control and Eradication of Brucellosis and Tuberculosis (PNCEBT) established in 2001. Were sampled 1,490 animals in nine slaughterhouses distributed in different regions of the state, three with federal inspection (FI), three with state inspection (SI), and three with municipal inspection (MI). Sera were analyzed by Rose Bengal Test (RBT) and reaction of complement fixation test (CFT). The prevalence obtained through CFT in different inspection services were, 0.40% [0.00% - 0.95%] (FI), 2.00% [0.77% - 3.23%] (SI) e 4.29% [2.67% - 6.48%] IC95% (MI) and the state prevalence was estimated at 2.21% [1.47% - 2.96%]. With the results obtained, it was possible to evaluate the situation of the bovine brucellosis in state of São Paulo as well as the risk to public health that workers are exposed in slaughterhouses and the difference between the current inspection systems in the country . It was concluded that the seroprevalence of brucellosis in the state of São Paulo remained stable, and the adoption of new measures to enhance the PNCEBT could acelerate the control and eventual eradication of the disease. In addition, we also conclude that the increased surveillance in slaughterhouses with state and municipal inspection attached to surveillance at these points could assist in combating of disease
Mioni, Mateus de Souza Ribeiro. "Soroprevalência da brucelose bovina em frigoríficos com diferentes níveis de serviço de inspeção no estado de São Paulo /". Botucatu, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132107.
Testo completoBanca: Luis Antonio Mathias
Banca: José Paes de Almeida Nogueira Pinto
Resumo: Foi estimada a prevalência estadual da brucelose bovina em abatedouros nos diferentes níveis de inspeção sanitária no Estado de São Paulo após a implantação do Programa Nacional de Controle e Erradicação da Brucelose e Tuberculose (PNCEBT), instituído em 2001. Para tanto, foram amostrados 1.490 bovinos em nove frigoríficos distribuídos em diferentes regiões do estado, dos quais três com inspeção federal (SIF), três com inspeção estadual (SISP) e três com inspeção municipal (SIM). Os soros foram analisados pelas provas do antígeno acidificado tamponado (AAT), e os reagentes foram confirmados pela reação de fixação de complemento (RFC). As prevalências obtidas por meio da RFC e seus respectivos intervalos de confiança, nos diferentes serviços de fiscalização, foram 0,40% [0,00% - 0,95%] (SIF), 2,00% [0,77% - 3,23%] (SISP) e 4,29% [2,67% - 6,48%] IC95% (SIM) e no estado foi estimada em 2,21% [1,47% - 2,96%]. Com os resultados obtidos, foi possível discutir a situação da brucelose bovina no Estado de São Paulo bem como o risco à saúde a que os trabalhadores de abatedouros estão expostos e a diferença entre os sistemas de inspeção vigentes no país. Concluiu-se que a soroprevalência da brucelose bovina no Estado de São Paulo permaneceu estável. Sugere-se que a adoção de novas medidas para complementar o PNCEBT poderiam acelerar o controle e a posterior erradicação da enfermidade; e que o aumento da fiscalização nos abatedouros de inspeção estadual e municipal acrescido de vigilância ativa nesses pontos poderia auxiliar no combate à doença
Abstract: This study estimated the prevalence of bovine brucellosis in state of São Paulo as well as the prevalence in slaughterhouses with different levels of sanitary inspection in the same state after the implementation of the National Program for the Control and Eradication of Brucellosis and Tuberculosis (PNCEBT) established in 2001. Were sampled 1,490 animals in nine slaughterhouses distributed in different regions of the state, three with federal inspection (FI), three with state inspection (SI), and three with municipal inspection (MI). Sera were analyzed by Rose Bengal Test (RBT) and reaction of complement fixation test (CFT). The prevalence obtained through CFT in different inspection services were, 0.40% [0.00% - 0.95%] (FI), 2.00% [0.77% - 3.23%] (SI) e 4.29% [2.67% - 6.48%] IC95% (MI) and the state prevalence was estimated at 2.21% [1.47% - 2.96%]. With the results obtained, it was possible to evaluate the situation of the bovine brucellosis in state of São Paulo as well as the risk to public health that workers are exposed in slaughterhouses and the difference between the current inspection systems in the country . It was concluded that the seroprevalence of brucellosis in the state of São Paulo remained stable, and the adoption of new measures to enhance the PNCEBT could acelerate the control and eventual eradication of the disease. In addition, we also conclude that the increased surveillance in slaughterhouses with state and municipal inspection attached to surveillance at these points could assist in combating of disease
Mestre
Klein-Gunnewiek, Mônica Fagundes de Carvalho. "Situação epidemiológica da brucelose bovina no Estado do Rio de Janeiro". Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-16042014-100851/.
Testo completoA study to characterize the epidemiological status of bovine brucellosis in the State of Rio de Janeiro was carried out. The State was divided in three regions. Three hundred herds were randomly sampled in each region and a pre-established number of animals were sampled in each herd. A total of 8,239 serum samples from 945 herds were collected. In each herd, it was applied an epidemiological questionnaire focused on herd traits as well as husbandry and sanitary practices that could be associated with the risk of infection. The serum samples were screened for antibodies against Brucella spp. by the Rose-Bengal Test (RBT), and all positive sera were re-tested by the 2-mercaptoethanol test (2-ME). The herd was considered positive if at least one animal was positive on both RBT and 2-ME tests. The prevalences of infected herds and animals in the State were, respectively: 15.4% [12.9-17.9%] and 4.1% [2.8-5.3%]. The prevalences of infected herds and animals in the regions were, respectively: region 1, 13.8% [10.2-18.2%] and 3.0% [1.9-4.1%]; region 2, 15.7% [11.9-20.2%] and 2.3% [1.4-3.2%]; and region 3, 19.6% [15.4-24.4%] and 9.3% [4.5-14.1%]. The risk factors (odds ratio, OR) associated with the presence of the infection were: herd size larger than 30 cows (OR=2.33 [1.51-3.07]), purchase of animals for breeding (OR= 1.95 [1.13-2.45), and pasture rental practice (R= 1.74 [1.03-2.74]).
Marvulo, Maria Fernanda Vianna. "Situação epidemiológica da brucelose bovina no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-13072009-143654/.
Testo completoTo support the planning and implementation of the National Program for the Control and Eradication of Bovine Brucellosis in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, a study to characterize the epidemiological status of brucellosis was carried out. The State was divided in seven regions. Three hundred herds were randomly sampled in each region, and a pre-established number of animals were sampled in each of these herds. A total of 16,072 serum samples from 1,957 herds were collected. In each herd it was applied an epidemiological questionnaire focused on herd traits as well as husbandry and sanitary practices that could be associated with the risk of infection. The serum samples were screened for antibodies against Brucella spp. by the Rose-Bengal Test and all test positives were re-tested by the 2-Mercaptoethanol Test. The herd was considered positive if at least one animal tested positive on both tests. The prevalence of infected herds and of animals at the state level were respectively 2.06% [1.50-2.63%] and 1.02% [0.60-1.43%]. In the regions, the prevalence of infected herds and animals were respectively: region 1: 3.06% [1.40-5.73%] and 0.95% [0.00-1.97%]; region 2: 7.71% [4.95-11.35%] and 1.04% [0.40-1.68%]; region 3: 5.66% [3.38-8.79%] and 2.12% [0.41-3.83%]; region 4: 0.66% [0.08-2.37%] and 0.66% [0.00-1.81%]; region 5: 0.66% [0.08-2.38%] and 0.05% [0.00-0.13%]; region 6: 0.00% [0.00-1.30%] and 0.00% [0.00-0.25%]; region 7: 5.45% [2.52-10.10%] and 2.88% [0.49-5.27%]. The factors associated with the presence of infection were: beef herd (OR = 4.27 [1.82-10.01]) and recent history of abortion (OR = 3.27 [1.71-6.25]).