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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Bruit – Stabilité"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 9 novembre 2024

Ultima modifica: 31 luglio 2025

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1

Boukraa, Mohamed Aziz, Lorenzo Audibert, Marcella Bonazzoli, Houssem Haddar, and Denis Vautrin. "Imagerie d’interface barrage-fondation par inversion de forme d'onde complète." E3S Web of Conferences 504 (2024): 04002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202450404002.

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Dans le cadre de l’étude de la stabilité des barrages, la connaissance de l’interface entre le barrage et la roche revêt une grande importance. Le recours à des techniques géophysiques peut apporter des informations complémentaires par rapport aux mesures géotechniques. Nous proposons ici une méthode de traitement des mesures sismiques, l’objectif étant d'obtenir une image de l'interface entre le béton du barrage et le rocher de la fondation avec une résolution métrique. Il s’agit d’une technique de type « Full Waveform Inversion » avec optimisation de forme. Des résultats numériques utilisant

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Dolas, Prakash M., and Karanam Kishore Kumar. "Retrieval of static stability parameter from the radiosonde/rawinsonde ascent rate profiles: a wavelet approach." Annales Geophysicae 27, no. 2 (2009): 547–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-27-547-2009.

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Abstract. In the present communication a novel method is presented to derive the altitude profile of Brunt-Väisälä period from the ascent rate profile of sounding balloons. The basic premise of the present method is that the oscillations in the ascent rate of the balloon will have the signature of Brunt-Väisälä frequency, which can be retrieved by using sophisticated spectral tools. We employ wavelet transforms to arrive at the Brunt-Väisälä period profile. Comparison of retrieved Brunt-Väisälä periods with the values derived from the temperature data available from the same radiosonde ascent

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3

Anderson, R., D. H. Jones, and G. H. Gudmundsson. "Halley Research Station, Antarctica: calving risks and monitoring strategies." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 14, no. 4 (2014): 917–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-14-917-2014.

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Abstract. The British Antarctic Survey's Halley Research Station is located on the Brunt Ice Shelf, Antarctica, where it is potentially vulnerable to calving events. Existing historical records show that the Brunt Ice Shelf is currently extended further into the Weddell Sea than it was before its last large calving event, so a new calving event may be overdue. We describe three different possible future scenarios for a large-scale calving event on Brunt Ice Shelf. We conclude that currently the most threatening scenario for the Halley Research Station is a calving event on the neighbouring Sta

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Anderson, R., D. H. Jones, and G. H. Gudmundsson. "Halley Research Station, Antarctica: calving risks and monitoring strategies." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions 1, no. 6 (2013): 6227–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhessd-1-6227-2013.

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Abstract. The British Antarctic Survey's Halley Research Station is located on the Brunt Ice Shelf, Antarctica, where it is potentially vulnerable to calving events. Existing historical records show that the Brunt Ice Shelf is currently extended further into the Weddell Sea than it was before its last large calving event, so a new calving event may be overdue. We describe three different possible future scenarios for a large-scale calving event on Brunt Ice Shelf, and conclude that the currently most threatening scenario for the Halley Research Station is a calving event on the neighbouring St

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5

Nakayama, Kunji. "Dynamical Stability of Rotating Fluids in Kerr Spacetime." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 43, no. 2 (1991): 177–93. https://doi.org/10.1093/pasj/43.2.177.

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Abstract Dynamical stability of rotating fluids in Kerr spacetime is studied. A sufficient condition for stability, consisting of two criteria, is derived: One is the Richardson criterion related to the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability; the other is a criterion related to the barotropic and baroclinic instabilities. These two criteria are natural extensions of those known in non-relativistic cases to a general relativistic regime. They are satisfied simultaneously if and only if an effective Brunt-Vii.isii.lii. frequency is real throughout the flow region and the fluid is uniformly rotating. The l

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6

BILLANT, PAUL. "Zigzag instability of vortex pairs in stratified and rotating fluids. Part 1. General stability equations." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 660 (July 21, 2010): 354–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112010002818.

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In stratified and rotating fluids, pairs of columnar vertical vortices are subjected to three-dimensional bending instabilities known as the zigzag instability or as the tall-column instability in the quasi-geostrophic limit. This paper presents a general asymptotic theory for these instabilities. The equations governing the interactions between the strain and the slow bending waves of each vortex column in stratified and rotating fluids are derived for long vertical wavelength and when the two vortices are well separated, i.e. when the radii R of the vortex cores are small compared to the vor

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7

Zaire, Bonnie, and Laurène Jouve. "Dipolar stability in spherical simulations: The impact of an inner stable zone." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 15, S354 (2019): 185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921319009803.

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AbstractMagnetic fields vary in complexity for different stars. The stability of dipolar magnetic fields is known to depend on different quantities, e.g., the stellar rotation, the stratification, and the intensity of convective motions. Here, we study the dipolar stability in a system with an inner stable zone. We present preliminary results of dynamo simulations using the Rayleigh number as a control parameter. The stiffness of the stable zone is accordingly varied to keep a constant ratio of the Brunt-Väisälä frequency to the angular velocity. Similarly to the completely convective spherica

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8

Reinecke, Patrick A., and Dale R. Durran. "Estimating Topographic Blocking Using a Froude Number When the Static Stability Is Nonuniform." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 65, no. 3 (2008): 1035–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jas2100.1.

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Abstract A parameter widely used to predict topographic flow blocking is the nondimensional mountain height or, synonymously, the inverse Froude number. Predictions using this parameter are based on the morphology of flows with uniform upstream static stability and wind speed, which rarely occur in the real world. The appropriateness of applying this theory in the presence of nontrivial background stability is therefore investigated using a numerical model. Two methods were considered to estimate the low-level stability, averaging the Brunt–Väisälä frequency below the crest and using the bulk

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9

Pérez, I. A., M. L. Sánchez, M. Á. García, and B. de Torre. "Boundary layer structure and stability classification validated with CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations over the Northern Spanish Plateau." Annales Geophysicae 27, no. 1 (2009): 339–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-27-339-2009.

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Abstract. A description of the lower boundary layer is vital to enhance our understanding of dispersion processes. In this paper, Radio Acoustic Sounding System sodar measurements obtained over three years were used to calculate the Brunt-Väisälä frequency and the Monin-Obukhov length. The Brunt-Väisälä frequency enabled investigation of the structure of this layer. At night, several layers were noticeable and the maximum was observed at the first level, 40 m, whereas during the day, it was present at about 320 m. The Monin-Obukhov length was calculated with the four first levels measured, 40–

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10

Kumar, Naresh, M. Mohapatra, and B. P. Yadav. "Boundary Layer Impact on Mountain Waves across Western Ghats of India." Mapana - Journal of Sciences 10, no. 1 (2011): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.12723/mjs.18.3.

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A two- layer model has been developed assuming a steady, non- rotating and frictionless flow of vertically unbounded Boussinesq fluid across 2-D profile of Western Ghats of India. Further, it is assumed that lower layer is inviscid with neutral stability (N=0) and upper layer has constant static stability with respect to height, given by N= Constant (where N is Brunt- Väisälä frequency). The analytical expressions for vertical velocities and mountain drag have been derived across Western Ghats of India. It is found that vertical velocities are dependent on the characteristics like size and hei

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Bachir, Ankidine. "Résilience et défis économiques aux Comores." Journal of Sino-African Studies 3, no. 3 (2024): 52–66. https://doi.org/10.56377/jsas.v3n3.5266.

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Dans le contexte du développement économique et social, la résilience se définit comme la capacité d’une communauté à absorber des chocs économiques, environnementaux ou sociaux de nature diverse et variée. Mais c’est surtout la capacité à se rétablir précipitamment tout en tirant des leçons de ce malaise économique pour construire des perspectives solides et durables. La résilience, lorsqu’elle fait face aux défis économiques aux Comores, devient une question alarmante puisque les multiples contraintes qui s’y pèsent déterminent l’état sous-développé de son économie. L’archipel subit plusieur

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12

Candelier, Julien, Stéphane Le Dizès, and Christophe Millet. "Inviscid instability of a stably stratified compressible boundary layer on an inclined surface." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 694 (February 2, 2012): 524–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2012.7.

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AbstractThe three-dimensional stability of an inflection-free boundary layer flow of length scale$L$and maximum velocity${U}_{0} $in a stably stratified and compressible fluid of constant Brunt–Väisälä frequency$N$, sound speed${c}_{s} $and stratification length$H$is examined in an inviscid framework. The shear plane of the boundary layer is assumed to be inclined at an angle$\theta $with respect to the vertical direction of stratification. The stability analysis is performed using both numerical and theoretical methods for all the values of$\theta $and Froude number$F= {U}_{0} / (LN)$. When n

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Hooper, D. A., J. Arvelius, and K. Stebel. "Retrieval of atmospheric static stability from MST radar return signal power." Annales Geophysicae 22, no. 11 (2004): 3781–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-22-3781-2004.

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Abstract. An empirical technique for retrieving profiles of the square of the Brunt-Väisälä frequency, ωB2, from MST radar return signal power is presented. The validity of the technique, which is applied over the altitude range 1.0-15.7km, is limited to those altitudes at which the humidity contributions to the mean vertical gradient of generalised potential refractive index, M, can be ignored. Although this is commonly assumed to be the case above the first few kilometres of the atmosphere, it is shown that humidity contributions can be significant right up to the tropopause level. In specif

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Ielo, Ileana, Giulia Rando, Fausta Giacobello, et al. "Synthesis, Chemical–Physical Characterization, and Biomedical Applications of Functional Gold Nanoparticles: A Review." Molecules 26, no. 19 (2021): 5823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26195823.

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Relevant properties of gold nanoparticles, such as stability and biocompatibility, together with their peculiar optical and electronic behavior, make them excellent candidates for medical and biological applications. This review describes the different approaches to the synthesis, surface modification, and characterization of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) related to increasing their stability and available features useful for employment as drug delivery systems or in hyperthermia and photothermal therapy. The synthetic methods reported span from the well-known Turkevich synthesis, reduction with

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Maddox, Emily M., and Gretchen L. Mullendore. "Determination of Best Tropopause Definition for Convective Transport Studies." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 75, no. 10 (2018): 3433–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-18-0032.1.

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An idealized three-dimensional cloud-resolving model is used to investigate the sensitivity of cross-tropopause convective mass transport to tropopause definition. A simulation is conducted to encompass the growth and decay cycle of a supercell thunderstorm, with a focus on irreversible transport above the tropopause. Five previously published tropopause definitions are evaluated: World Meteorological Organization (WMO) temperature lapse rate, potential vorticity, static stability, vertical curvature of the Brunt–Väisälä frequency, and stratospheric tracer concentration. By analyzing the behav

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16

MacDonald, Michael, and João Teixeira. "Scaling Behavior of a Turbulent Kinetic Energy Closure Scheme for the Stably Stratified Atmosphere: A Steady-State Analysis." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 77, no. 9 (2020): 3161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-19-0332.1.

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Abstract We present a turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) closure scheme for the stably stratified atmosphere in which the mixing lengths for momentum and heat are not parameterized in the same manner. The key difference is that, while the mixing length for heat tends toward the stability independent mixing length for momentum in neutrally stratified conditions, it tends toward one based on the Brunt–Väisälä time scale and square root of the TKE in the limit of large stability. This enables a unique steady-state solution for TKE to be obtained, which we demonstrate would otherwise be impossible if

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17

LESSHAFFT, L., B. HALL, E. MEIBURG, and B. KNELLER. "Deep-water sediment wave formation: linear stability analysis of coupled flow/bed interaction." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 680 (May 18, 2011): 435–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2011.171.

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A linear stability analysis is carried out for the interaction of an erodible sediment bed with a sediment-laden, stratified flow above the bed, such as a turbidity or bottom current. The fluid motion is described by the full, two-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations in the Boussinesq approximation, while erosion is modelled as a diffusive flux of particles from the bed into the fluid. The stability analysis shows the existence of both Tollmien–Schlichting and internal wave modes in the stratified boundary layer. For the internal wave mode, the stratified boundary layer acts as a wave duct, who

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18

Krasnodubets, L. A. "Dynamic measurements in the problems of operational oceanology in the study of the properties of the oceanic plate." Monitoring systems of environment, no. 1 (March 28, 2022): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.33075/2220-5861-2022-1-56-65.

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The results of a study of the possible application of the basic method of vertical profiling of the oceanic column as a stratified aquatic environment, proposed by the author for using in operational oceanology, are presented. The method provides real-time measurement of the density of sea water in situ as a func-tion of depth. In addition to seawater density profiles, the method allows generating data arrays on the distributions of the total and thermohaline vertical stability of water mass layers and the corresponding Väisälä-Brunt frequency profiles of thermohaline oscillations. Application

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19

Mansoor, Abdul. "Bearing the Brunt: The Effect of Terrorism on the Foreign Direct Investment in South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) Nations." University of Wah Journal of Social Sciences 5, no. 1 (2022): 167–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.56220/uwjss2022/0501/10.

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The current state of terrorism has posed serious challenges to macroeconomic environment stability by causing the dislodgment of foreign direct investment (FDI). This study aims to find the impact of terrorism along with other important policy variables such as FDI, Terrorism, law and order, Tariff, and Government regulation in the SAARC member nations, namely, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Maldives, and Sri Lanka. Utilizing a panel econometric estimation model on annual data from 1990-2019, the results of the study show a significant negative impact of terrorism and

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THUSI, Xolani, and Mandisi MATYANA. "PROFESSIONALISATION AS A TOOL TO STABILISE PUBLIC FINANCES: SOUTH AFRICAN LOCAL GOVERNMENT PERSPECTIVE." Journal of Public Administration, Finance and Law 31 (2024): 492–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.47743/jopafl-2024-31-35.

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Local government is closer to the citizens and serves as a vehicle for democracy and service delivery in South Africa. Municipalities in South Africa face a significant challenge when it comes to managing public finances to provide effective and efficient services. Corruption, financial mismanagement, wasteful and fruitless expenditure, irregular expenditures, governance failure, lack of consequence, management, insufficient skills, and capacity are among the challenges. These factors have delivered an enormous setback to service delivery, and citizens are bearing the brunt of the burden. The

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BILLANT, P., A. DELONCLE, J. M. CHOMAZ, and P. OTHEGUY. "Zigzag instability of vortex pairs in stratified and rotating fluids. Part 2. Analytical and numerical analyses." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 660 (July 21, 2010): 396–429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002211201000282x.

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The three-dimensional stability of vertical vortex pairs in stratified and rotating fluids is investigated using the analytical approach established in Part 1 and the predictions are compared to the results of previous direct numerical stability analyses for pairs of co-rotating equal-strength Lamb–Oseen vortices and to new numerical analyses for equal-strength counter-rotating vortex pairs. A very good agreement between theoretical and numerical results is generally found, thereby providing a comprehensive description of the zigzag instability. Co-rotating and counter-rotating vortex pairs ar

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Тэргэл, Ш., Г. Баясгалан та С. Эрдэнэсүх. "Шороон шуурга болох үеийн агаар мандлын тогтворшлын параметрүүд". Geographical Issues 20, № 1 (2020): 64–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.22353/.v20i1.878.

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Although many studies investigated the spatial distribution, duration and frequency of dust storm in Mongolia, there are a few studies were undertaken it in terms of physical process that underpinned the current study on the subject. The study examines whether it is possible to acquire the distribution of dust storms in a relatively simple way by estimating the atmospheric stability during a dust storm. In order to achieve the main purpose of the study, the atmospheric stability parameters such as Brunt-Vaisala frequency (N), Gradient Richardson Number (Ri), and Eady Growth Rate (σ_E) were eva

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Pieri, Alexandre B., F. S. Godeferd, C. Cambon, and A. Salhi. "Non-geostrophic instabilities of an equilibrium baroclinic state." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 734 (October 14, 2013): 535–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2013.478.

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AbstractWe consider non-geostrophic homogeneous baroclinic turbulence without solid boundaries, and we focus on its energetics and dynamics. The homogeneous turbulent flow is therefore submitted to both uniform vertical shear $S$ and stable vertical stratification, parametrized by the Brunt–Väisälä frequency $N$, and placed in a rotating frame with Coriolis frequency $f$. Direct numerical simulations show that the threshold of baroclinic instability growth depends mostly on two dimensionless numbers, the gradient Richardson number $\mathit{Ri}= {N}^{2} / {S}^{2} $ and the Rossby number $\mathi

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Dr., Megha Kiran, A. S. Rana Dr., Tartque Anwer Dr., et al. "Comparison of 3-D Locking Miniplates Versus Conventional Miniplates in Anterior Mandibular Fractures." Comparison of 3-D Locking Miniplates Versus Conventional Miniplates in Anterior Mandibular Fractures 8, no. 12 (2023): 9. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10429846.

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Background: Throughout history, humans have grappled with painful injuries, prompting a relentless quest for effective treatments. The origins of early attempts at self-healing, such as the first instances of adjusting fractures or dislocations, remain uncertain. It is conceivable that in the early Stone Age, fractured limbs were supported by splints crafted from wood or bamboo, embedded in clay and allowed to harden. In our modern age of increased motorization, industrialization, and technological advancements, the management of maxillofacial injuries has assumed a significant role. The preva

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Ravikumar, Hemachandran, and Prahatheeswaran Chandrasekaran. "AN EVALUATION OF GOVERNMENT SCHEMES FOR AGRICULTURAL MARKET STABILIZATION: A SURVEY-BASED STUDY." International Journal of Advanced Research 13, no. 03 (2025): 408–12. https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/20580.

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Agriculture forms the cornerstone of rural livelihoods in India, with a significant portion of the population dependent on farming for income and sustenance. Despite this, farmers often face the brunt of price volatility, supply chain bottlenecks, and market manipulation by intermediaries. In response, the Indian government has introduced multiple schemes, such as the Minimum Support Price (MSP), eNAM, and the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana, which are intended to stabilise agricultural markets and ensure fair pricing mechanisms. However, questions persist regarding the reach, accessibility,

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Sherstyankin, P. P., and L. N. Kuimova. "Vertical stability and the Brunt-Väisäla frequency of deep natural waters by the example of Lake Baikal, Lake Tanganyika, and the World Ocean." Doklady Earth Sciences 429, no. 2 (2009): 1553–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1028334x09090293.

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LE DIZÈS, S., and X. RIEDINGER. "The strato-rotational instability of Taylor–Couette and Keplerian flows." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 660 (August 23, 2010): 147–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112010002624.

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The linear inviscid stability of two families of centrifugally stable rotating flows in a stably stratified fluid of constant Brunt–Väisälä frequency N is analysed by using numerical and asymptotic methods. Both Taylor–Couette and Keplerian angular velocity profiles ΩTC = (1 − μ)/r2 + μ and ΩK = (1 − λ)/r2 + λ/r3/2 are considered between r = 1 (inner boundary) and r = d > 1 (outer boundary, or without boundary if d = ∞). The stability properties are obtained for flow parameters λ and μ ranging from 0 to +∞, and different values of d and N. The effect of the gap size is analysed first. By co

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Miljkovic, Ljubomir, and Dragana Trnavac. "MACROECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE RUSSIA AND UKRAINE CONFLICT ON THE GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT OF SERBIA." MEST Journal 11, no. 2 (2023): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.12709/mest.11.11.02.06.

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<em>The conflict between Russia and Ukraine comes at a time when countries worldwide are still recovering from the destabilizing effects of the global COVID-19 pandemic, which has caused deep economic regression, significant loss of productivity, worsening inequality, planetary pressures, and in some cases, security challenges. The economic impact reverberated through multiple channels, including commodity and financial markets, trade, and migration links. At the same time, rising inflation is increasingly reducing the purchasing power of consumers. Such market tensions will reduce econo

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Park, Junho, Paul Billant, Jong-Jin Baik, and Jaemyeong Mango Seo. "Competition between the centrifugal and strato-rotational instabilities in the stratified Taylor–Couette flow." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 840 (February 6, 2018): 5–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.15.

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The stably stratified Taylor–Couette flow is investigated experimentally and numerically through linear stability analysis. In the experiments, the stability threshold and flow regimes have been mapped over the ranges of outer and inner Reynolds numbers: $-2000<Re_{o}<2000$ and $0<Re_{i}<3000$, for the radius ratio $r_{i}/r_{o}=0.9$ and the Brunt–Väisälä frequency $N\approx 3.2~\text{rad}~\text{s}^{-1}$. The corresponding Froude numbers $F_{o}$ and $F_{i}$ are always much smaller than unity. Depending on $Re_{o}$ (or equivalently on the angular velocity ratio $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707

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Khamisu Madachi, Isah. "EXPLORING THE CHALLENGES OF DELAYED MARRIAGE AMONG YOUTH IN TARAUNI L.G.A." SPECTRUM Journal of Social Science 1, no. 1 (2024): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.61552/sjss.2024.01.002.

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The study “Exploring the Challenges of Delayed Marriage Among Youth in Tarauni L.G.A.” investigates the challenges of delayed marriage among youth, and its detrimental effects within the Tarauni Local Government Area, Kano, Nigeria. Marriage, an important social institution, traditionally symbolizes adult responsibilities and societal integration. However, in recent times, delayed marriage has become prevalent, leading to societal stigmatization and psychological distress among the youth. This research adopts a qualitative approach, utilizing in-depth interviews with eight respondents, includi

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Lischer, Sarah Kenyon. "The Global Refugee Crisis: Regional Destabilization & Humanitarian Protection." Daedalus 146, no. 4 (2017): 85–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_00461.

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In addition to being a tragic output of civil war, large-scale displacement crises often become enmeshed in the politics, security, and economics of the conflict. Refugee and internally displaced populations thus exacerbate concerns about regional destabilization. The Syrian refugee crisis, for example, is deeply entwined with civil and international conflict. Neighboring host states of Turkey, Jordan, and Lebanon bear the brunt of the crisis, while European states seek to prevent further encroachment by Middle Eastern asylum seekers. Policy-makers often mistakenly view host state security and

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Lago-Peñas, Santiago, Xoaquín Fernández-Leiceaga, and Alberto Vaquero-García. "Spanish fiscal decentralization: A successful (but still unfinished) process." Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space 35, no. 8 (2017): 1509–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2399654417704663.

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Both fiscal and political decentralization have been a worldwide trend in recent decades. Spain is probably the best example of this evolution, insofar as it became one of the most decentralized countries in the world in just over three decades, departing for a highly centralized institutional framework. This paper aims to conduct a detailed analysis of this process, focusing on the fiscal aspects. While we show the successful aspects, we also point out its shortcomings and failures. Those lessons from Spain can be very useful for centralized or low decentralized countries involved in designin

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Yuter, Sandra E., David A. Stark, Justin A. Crouch, M. Jordan Payne, and Brian A. Colle. "The Impact of Varying Environmental Conditions on the Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Orographic Precipitation over the Pacific Northwest near Portland, Oregon." Journal of Hydrometeorology 12, no. 3 (2011): 329–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jhm1239.1.

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Abstract Operational radar data from three winter seasons (2003–06) in Portland, Oregon, in the U.S. Pacific Northwest are used to describe how orographic precipitation varies with cross-barrier wind speed, 0°C level height, and stability over the moderately wide (~50-km half-width) Cascade Mountain Range. Orographic enhancement is specified in terms of location, frequency, and relative intensity of the reflectivity (precipitation field). The typical storm for the region, as defined by the 25th to 75th percentile characteristics, is compared to storms with &lt;25th and &gt;75th percent

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Khalakhan, Ivan, Xianxian Xie, Valentin Briega Martos, Serhiy Cherevko, and Iva Matolínová. "Tailor-Made Multimetallic Alloy As an Optimized ORR Catalyst." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2025-01, no. 40 (2025): 2143. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2025-01402143mtgabs.

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Achieving the optimal balance between cost-efficiency and stability of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts is currently among the key research focuses aiming at reaching the broader implementation of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). To address this challenge, we combine two well-established strategies. Specifically, we prepare ternary PtNi–Au alloys, where each alloying element plays a distinct role: Ni reduces costs and boosts ORR activity [1], while Au enhances stability [2,3]. A systematic comparative analysis of the activity-stability relationship for compositionally tun

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35

Ziulu, Emmanuel Nkete, Gratien Bambanota Mokonzi, Paul Masimango Vitamara, and Augustin Awongi Issoy. "Ampleur des Disparités dans la Scolarisation Primaire et Secondaire en République Démocratique du Congo de 2006 à 2018." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 19, no. 1 (2023): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2023.v19n1p163.

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Cette étude analyse l’ampleur des disparités dans la scolarisation primaire et secondaire en République Démocratique du Congo au cours de la période de 2006 à 2018. Sur la base des données statistiques tirées des annuaires statistiques produits au niveau national, l’étude examine les disparités axées sur le taux de scolarisation et l’indice de parité. Elle analyse les disparités non seulement de manière synchronique, au cours de chaque année, mais aussi diachroniquement, en faisant ressortir leur évolution temporelle. L’étude exploite, pour cela, les indices de dispersion (l’étendue de variati

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36

Leukauf, Daniel, Alexander Gohm, and Mathias W. Rotach. "Quantifying horizontal and vertical tracer mass fluxes in an idealized valley during daytime." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16, no. 20 (2016): 13049–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-13049-2016.

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Abstract. The transport and mixing of pollution during the daytime evolution of a valley boundary layer is studied in an idealized way. The goal is to quantify horizontal and vertical tracer mass fluxes between four different valley volumes: the convective boundary layer, the slope wind layer, the stable core, and the atmosphere above the valley. For this purpose, large eddy simulations (LES) are conducted with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model for a quasi-two-dimensional valley. The valley geometry consists of two slopes with constant slope angle and is homogeneous in the along

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37

Mahdinia, Mani, Pedram Hassanzadeh, Philip S. Marcus, and Chung-Hsiang Jiang. "Stability of three-dimensional Gaussian vortices in an unbounded, rotating, vertically stratified, Boussinesq flow: linear analysis." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 824 (July 5, 2017): 97–134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.303.

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The linear stability of three-dimensional vortices in rotating, stratified flows has been studied by analysing the non-hydrostatic inviscid Boussinesq equations. We have focused on a widely used model of geophysical and astrophysical vortices, which assumes an axisymmetric Gaussian structure for pressure anomalies in the horizontal and vertical directions. For a range of Rossby numbers ($-0.5<Ro<0.5$) and Burger numbers ($0.02<Bu<2.3$) relevant to observed long-lived vortices, the growth rate and spatial structure of the most unstable eigenmodes have been numerically calculated and

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38

Qian, Wenhao, Tao Song, Mao Ye, et al. "Graphene Oxide/Ferrocene-Containing Polymer/Gold Nanoparticle Triple Nanocomposite." Nanomaterials 9, no. 2 (2019): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9020310.

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A facile strategy to prepare GO-based nanocomposites with both gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and ferrocene (Fc) moieties was developed. The surface of GO was modified with PFcMAss homopolymer by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization of a new methacrylate monomer of 2-((2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl)disulfanyl)ethyl ferrocene-carboxylate (FcMAss), consisting of disulfide as an anchoring group for stabilizing AuNPs and Fc group as an additional functionality. AuNPs with an average diameter of about 4.1 nm were formed in situ on the surface of PFcMAss-decorated GO (GO-PFcMAss) via Brust-

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39

Moiseenko, K. B. "On the role of the stratosphere in the process of overflow of mesoscale mountains." Annales Geophysicae 23, no. 11 (2005): 3407–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-23-3407-2005.

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Abstract. A 2-D, two- and three-layer stratified airflow over a mountain of arbitrary shape is considered on the assumptions that upstream wind velocity and static stability within each layer are constant (Long's model). The stratosphere is simulated by an infinitely deep upper layer with enhanced static stability. The analytical solution for the stream function, as well as first (linear) and second order approximations to the wave drag, are obtained in hydrostatic limit N1L/U0→∞, where N1 is the Brunt-Väsälä frequency in the troposphere, L is a characteristic length of the obstacle, and U0 is

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40

BILLANT, PAUL, and JEAN-MARC CHOMAZ. "Three-dimensional stability of a vertical columnar vortex pair in a stratified fluid." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 419 (September 25, 2000): 65–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112000001178.

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This paper investigates the three-dimensional stability of a Lamb–Chaplygin columnar vertical vortex pair as a function of the vertical wavenumber kz, horizontal Froude number Fh, Reynolds number Re and Schmidt number Sc. The horizontal Froude number Fh (Fh = U/NR, where U is the dipole travelling velocity, R the dipole radius and N the Brunt–Väisälä frequency) is varied in the range [0.033, ∞[ and three set of Reynolds-Schmidt numbers are investigated: {Re = 10 000, Sc = 1}, Re = 1000, Sc = 1}, {Re = 200, Sc = 637}. In the whole range of Fh and Re, the dominant mode is always antisymmetric wi

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41

Bismans, Francis. "L'Euro-dilemme." La Revue Internationale des Économistes de Langue Française 4, no. 1 (2019): 54–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18559/rielf.2019.1.4.

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L'euro est une « monnaie politique ». S'il en est ainsi, c'est parce que sa naissance est directement liée à un compromis franco-allemand. Plus précisément, la France de Mitterrand acceptait la réunification de l'Allemagne moyennant l'accord de cette dernière sur l'introduction de l'euro. Ce que le président français avait en tête, c'était aussi, bien sûr, d'arrimer solidement la nouvelle Allemagne à l'Europe. Mais ce n'était pas tout, car dans le marchandage, celle-ci obtenait de surcroît deux « compensations » significatives : 1.Elle imposait une discipline budgétaire stricte à tous les pays

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42

Candelier, Julien, Stéphane Le Dizès, and Christophe Millet. "Shear instability in a stratified fluid when shear and stratification are not aligned." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 685 (September 13, 2011): 191–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2011.306.

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AbstractThe effect of an inclination angle of the shear with respect to the stratification on the linear properties of the shear instability is examined in the work. For this purpose, we consider a two-dimensional plane Bickley jet of width $L$ and maximum velocity ${U}_{0} $ in a stably stratified fluid of constant Brunt–Väisälä frequency $N$ in an inviscid and Boussinesq framework. The plane of the jet is assumed to be inclined with an angle $\theta $ with respect to the vertical direction of stratification. The stability analysis is performed using both numerical and theoretical methods for

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43

Bouvier, Clément, Daan van den Broek, Madeleine Ekblom, and Victoria A. Sinclair. "Analytical and adaptable initial conditions for dry and moist baroclinic waves in the global hydrostatic model OpenIFS (CY43R3)." Geoscientific Model Development 17, no. 7 (2024): 2961–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-2961-2024.

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Abstract. This article presents a description of an analytical, stable, and flexible initial background state for both dry and moist baroclinic wave simulation on an aquaplanet in order to test the dynamical core of numerical weather prediction models and study the dynamics and evolution of extratropical cyclones. The initial background state is derived from an analytical zonal wind speed field, or jet structure, and the hydrostatic primitive equations for moist adiabatic and frictionless flow in spherical coordinates. A baroclinic wave can develop if a perturbation is added to the zonal wind

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44

Chen, Ze, Yufang Tian, and Daren Lü. "Turbulence Parameters in the Troposphere—Lower Stratosphere Observed by Beijing MST Radar." Remote Sensing 14, no. 4 (2022): 947. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14040947.

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Based on three years of data observed by Beijing MST radar between 2012 and 2014, this study gives the distribution characteristics of the turbulence energy dissipation rate ε and the vertical turbulence diffusion coefficient Kz in the troposphere–lower stratosphere over Beijing based on the spectral width method. Additionally, from the perspective of atmospheric stability expressed by the Brunt–Väisälä frequency N and the gradient Richardson number Ri, the seasonal variations of turbulence parameters at different heights are analyzed. The results show that ε (Kz) is distributed in the range o

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45

Gong, Shaohua, Guotao Yang, Jiyao Xu, Xiao Liu, and Qinzeng Li. "Gravity Wave Propagation from the Stratosphere into the Mesosphere Studied with Lidar, Meteor Radar, and TIMED/SABER." Atmosphere 10, no. 2 (2019): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos10020081.

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A low-frequency inertial atmospheric gravity wave (AGW) event was studied with lidar (40.5° N, 116° E), meteor radar (40.3° N, 116.2° E), and TIMED/SABER at Beijing on 30 May 2012. Lidar measurements showed that the atmospheric temperature structure was persistently perturbed by AGWs propagating upward from the stratosphere into the mesosphere (35–86 km). The dominant contribution was from the waves with vertical wavelengths λ z = 8 − 10 km and wave periods T ob = 6.6 ± 0.7 h . Simultaneous observations from a meteor radar illustrated that MLT horizontal winds were perturbed by waves propagati

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46

Achatz, Ulrich, and Gerhard Schmitz. "Shear and Static Instability of Inertia–Gravity Wave Packets: Short-Term Modal and Nonmodal Growth." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 63, no. 2 (2006): 397–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas3636.1.

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Abstract The problem of nonmodal instabilities of inertia–gravity waves (IGW) in the middle atmosphere is addressed, within the framework of a Boussinesq model with realistic molecular viscosity and thermal diffusion, by singular-vector analysis of horizontally homogeneous vertical profiles of wind and buoyancy obtained from IGW packets at their statically least stable or most unstable horizontal location. Nonmodal growth is always found to be significantly stronger than that of normal modes, most notably at wave amplitudes below the static instability limit where normal-mode instability is ve

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47

Heinemann, Günther, Lukas Glaw, and Sascha Willmes. "A Satellite-Based Climatology of Wind-Induced Surface Temperature Anomalies for the Antarctic." Remote Sensing 11, no. 13 (2019): 1539. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11131539.

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It is well-known that katabatic winds can be detected as warm signatures in the surface temperature over the slopes of the Antarctic ice sheets. For appropriate synoptic forcing and/or topographic channeling, katabatic surges occur, which result in warm signatures also over adjacent ice shelves. Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) ice surface temperature (IST) data are used to detect warm signatures over the Antarctic for the winter periods 2002–2017. In addition, high-resolution (5 km) regional climate model data is used for the years of 2002 to 2016. We present a case study

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48

Teng, Chenyu. "The Catering Industry under the Epidemic: A Case Study on Yum China." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 30, no. 1 (2023): 110–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/30/20231450.

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Since the outbreak of the epidemic in 2019, the world economy has been in a lot of trouble. Among the various sectors, the catering industry has borne the brunt of this unprecedented crisis, facing unparalleled challenges and setbacks. During this time, Yum China has handled the epidemic differently than other food service businesses and hasn't had any trouble with business because of it. The goal of this paper was to look at why Yum China can still be successful even though there is an epidemic. This paper demonstrated the reasons for Yum Chinas success in the epidemic. This paper finally fou

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CHATELLIER, Vincent, Jean-Marc CHAUMET, and Thierry POUCH. "La pandémie de Covid-19, l’économie agricole internationale et les filières animales : le cas de la Chine, des États-Unis et de l’UE." INRAE Productions Animales 35, no. 1 (2022): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2022.35.1.5376.

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La pandémie de Covid-19 est un évènement mondial majeur. Une réflexion sur les premières implications de cette crise sanitaire pour l’économie agricole mondiale et les filières animales est proposée dans le cadre de cet article. Les secteurs agricole et agroalimentaire ont été fortement concernés par cette crise dont les impacts économiques globaux (baisse de 3,5 % du produit intérieur brut mondial et de 5,3 % des échanges internationaux de marchandises entre 2019 et 2020) affectent le pouvoir d’achat des consommateurs finaux. Ils ont cependant bien résisté à la crise, tant au niveau de l’offr

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50

Yim, Eunok, and Paul Billant. "On the mechanism of the Gent–McWilliams instability of a columnar vortex in stratified rotating fluids." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 780 (September 2, 2015): 5–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2015.426.

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In stably stratified and rotating fluids, an axisymmetric columnar vortex can be unstable to a special instability with an azimuthal wavenumber $m=1$ which bends and slices the vortex into pancake vortices (Gent & McWilliams Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn., vol. 35 (1–4), 1986, pp. 209–233). This bending instability, called the ‘Gent–McWilliams instability’ herein, is distinct from the shear, centrifugal or radiative instabilities. The goals of the paper are to better understand the origin and properties of this instability and to explain why it operates only in stratified rotating fluids.

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