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Panitch, Leo, e Sam Gindin. "Marxist Theory and Strategy: Getting Somewhere Better". Historical Materialism 23, n. 2 (10 giugno 2015): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1569206x-12341407.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The first three sections of this lecture address the need for better historical-materialist theorisations of capitalist competition, capitalist classes and capitalist states, and in particular the institutional dimensions of these – which is fundamental for understanding why and how capitalism has survived into the twenty-first century. The fourth section addresses historical materialism’s under-theorisation of the institutional dimensions of working-class formation, and how this figures in explaining why, despite the expectations of the founders of historical materialism, the working classes have not, at least yet, become capitalism’s gravediggers. While recognising that a better historical materialism along these lines will not necessarily provide us with a gps route to a socialist world beyond capitalism, it does suggest a number of guidelines for socialist strategy, with which the lecture concludes. This includes the need for building new institutions capable of defining, mobilising and representing the working class broadly, as well as recognising that the types of parties that can transform working classes into leading agents of social transformation have yet to be invented. A strategic priority must be to start anew at creating the kinds of working-class political institutions which can rekindle the socialist imagination, and develop the socialist capacities to get there.
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Castilho, Cláudio Jorge Moura de. "A permanente construção no tempo histórico de um ambiente capitalista em Recife, Pernambuco: tendência à homogeneização dos interesses dominantes". Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 13, n. 6 (20 novembre 2020): 2840. http://dx.doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v13.6.p2840-2856.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
No curso dos 520 anos de capitalismo no Brasil, foi instalado, consolidado e expandido um ambiente favorável, antes de tudo, à concretização das relações capitalistas de produção-circulação-distribuição-consumo no Brasil. Este artigo possui como objetivo principal discutir o permanente processo de construção deste ambiente em Recife, capital do estado federado de Pernambuco, como uma tendência homogeneizadora ligada aos interesses das classes dominantes. A metodologia utilizada para a operacionalização desta discussão fundamentou-se na abordagem do materialismo histórico-dialético a fim de evidenciar as contradições suscitadoras de tensões e conflitos inerentes a uma realidade dinâmica que se movimenta permanentemente em algum sentido, nas escalas do tempo e do espaço. Destarte, foi mostrado que a implantação do referido ambiente não aconteceu de maneira harmônica e pacífica como dizem as classes dominantes brasileiras na medida em que aconteceram protestos e mobilizações sociais que, reagindo contra o ambiente puramente capitalista, conseguiram obter conquistas interessantes para as classes subalternas e oprimidas. The permanent construction of a capitalist environment during the historical time in Recife, Pernambuco: tendency to homogenize the dominant interests A B S T R A C TDuring the 520 years of capitalism in Brazil,a favorable environment was installed, consolidated and expanded, above all, for carrying out the production-circulation-distribution-consumption capitalist relationships. The main goal of this paper is to discuss the permanent process of this environment construction in Recife, capital of Pernambuco federal state, as a homogenizing trend linked to the domintant classes’ insterests. The methodology used for the operationalization of this discussion was based on the historical-dialectical materialism approach in order to highlight the contradictions that raise social tensions and conflicts inherent to a dynamic reality that moves permanently in some sense, in the time and spatial levels. Thus, it was shown that the implantation of the referred environment did not happen in a harmonious and peaceful way, as the Brazilian dominant classes say, insofar as social protests and mobilizations occurred, which, reacting against the purely capitalist environment, managed to obtain interesting achievements for the subordinated and oppressed classes.Keywords: Technical-instrumental rationality. Neoliberalism. Urban environment. Environmental racionality.
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Arnold, N. Scott. "Marx, Central Planning, and Utopian Socialism". Social Philosophy and Policy 6, n. 2 (1989): 160–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265052500000686.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Marx believed that what most clearly distinguished him and Engels from the nineteenth-century French socialists was that their version (or vision) of socialism was “scientific” while the latters' was Utopian. What he intended by this contrast is roughly the following: French socialists such as Proudhon and Fourier constructed elaborate visions of a future socialist society without an adequate understanding of existing capitalist society. For Marx, on the other hand, socialism was not an idea or an ideal to be realized, but a natural outgrowth of the existing capitalist order. Marx's historical materialism is a systematic attempt to discover the laws governing the inner dynamics of capitalism and class societies generally. Although this theory issues in a prediction of the ultimate triumph of socialism, it is a commonplace that Marx had little to say about the details of post-capitalist society. Nevertheless, some of its features can be discerned from his critical analysis of capitalism and what its replacement entails.
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SILVA, Filipe Gervásio Pinto da. "Pachakuti e a história da modernidade nos mares do Sul". INTERRITÓRIOS 5, n. 8 (22 giugno 2019): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.33052/inter.v5i8.241589.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
O texto trata da construção da modernidade colonialidade, a partir de um diálogo entre o Materialismo Histórico-Dialético (LUKÁCS, 2010; MARX, 2007; 2013) com as Epistemologias do Sul (SANTOS, 2010A; QUIJANO, 2005; MIGNOLO, 2011). Três são os pontos centrais da reflexão: o rompimento do silêncio absoluto que envolve a importância da América Latina na construção da modernidade capitalista; a vinculação metabólica entre modernidade e colonialidade, uma vez que a o estágio das forças produtivas e da consolidação do eurocentrismo como núcleo duro da vida intelectual mundial possuem uma vinculação estreita com o regime de acumulação primitiva, colonização e racialização dos territórios latino-americanos e, por fim; a introdução de uma premissa ontológica materialista ao debate epistemológico do Sul Global, é o de que a colonização foi o momento matricial da imposição planetária da Forma-Mercadoria (MARX, 2013).Pachakuti and the history of the modernity beyond the Southern seasABSTRACT The text deals with the construction of modernity-coloniality, starting from a dialogue between Historical-Dialectical Materialism (LUKÁCS, 2010; MARX, 2007; 2013) and Southern Epistemologies (SANTOS, 2010A; QUIJANO, 2005; MIGNOLO, 2011). Three are the central points of reflection: the breaking of the absolute silence that surrounds the importance of Latin America in the construction of capitalist modernity; the metabolic linkage between modernity and coloniality- since the stage of the productive forces and the consolidation of Eurocentrism as the core of the intellectual world life have a close connection with the regime of primitive accumulation, colonization and racialization of the Latin American territories and, finally, the introduction from a materialist ontological premise to the epistemological debate of the Global South, is that colonization was the matrix point of the planetary imposition of the Form-Merchandise (MARX, 2013).
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Tejada, Jaime Moreno. "A Method for the New Materialism". Nature and Culture 12, n. 3 (1 dicembre 2017): 290–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/nc.2017.120305.
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Kawa, Nicholas C. 2016. Amazonia in the Anthropocene: People, Soils, Plants, Forests. Austin: University of Texas Press. [e-book].Starosielski, Nicole. 2015. The Undersea Network. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.Tsing, Anna L. 2015. The Mushroom at the End of the World: On the Possibility of Life in Capitalist Ruins. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
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Burkett, Paul, e John Bellamy Foster. "Stoffwechsel, Energie und Entropie in Marx’ Kritik der Politischen Ökonomie:". PROKLA. Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialwissenschaft 40, n. 159 (1 giugno 2010): 217–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32387/prokla.v40i159.393.
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Until recently, most commentators, including ecological Marxists, have assumed that Marx’s historical materialism was only marginally ecologically sensitive at best, or even that it was explicitly anti-ecological. However, research over the last decade has demonstrated not only that Marx deemed ecological materialism essential to the critique of political economy and to investigations into socialism, but also that his treatment of the coevolution of nature and society was in many ways the most sophisticated to be put forth by any social theorist prior to the late twentieth century. Still, criticisms continue to be leveled at Marx and Engels for their understanding of thermodynamics and the extent to which their work is said to conflict with the core tenets of ecological economics. In this respect, the rejection by Marx and Engels of the pioneering contributions of the Ukrainian socialist Sergei Podolinsky, one of the founders of energetics, has been frequently offered as the chief ecological case against them. Building on an earlier analysis of Marx’s and Engels’s response to Podolinsky, this article shows that they relied on an open-system, metabolic-energetic model that adhered to all of the main strictures of ecological economics – but one that also (unlike ecological economics) rooted the violation of solar and other environmental-sustainability conditions in the class relations of capitalist society. The result is to generate a deeper understanding of classical historical materialism’s ecological approach to economy and society – providing an ecological- materialist critique that can help uncover the systemic roots of today’s “treadmill of production” and global environmental crisis.
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Ferguson, Susan, Genevieve LeBaron, Angela Dimitrakaki e Sara R. Farris. "Introduction". Historical Materialism 24, n. 2 (30 giugno 2016): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1569206x-12341469.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The 2011 Historical Materialism Conference in London saw the launch of a Marxist-Feminist set of panels. This issue is inspired by the success of those panels, and the remarkably sustained interest in reviving and moving beyond older debates and discussions. The special issue’s focus, Social-Reproduction Feminism, reflects and contextualises the ongoing work and engagement with that thematic that has threaded through the conferences in the 2010s. This Introduction provides a summary overview of the Social-Reproduction Feminism framework, situating it within Marxist-Feminist thinking and politics more generally, and calls on readers to consider its promise and potential as an historical-materialist approach to understanding capitalist social relations in terms of an integrated totality.
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Cheung, Chau-Kiu, e Siu-Tong Kwok. "REDEFINING THE VALUE STRUCTURE OF COLLEGE STUDENTS IN HONG KONG AND THE MAINLAND OF CHINA". Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 27, n. 2 (1 gennaio 1999): 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1999.27.2.195.
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Research and the theory of historical and dialectical materialism suggest that tradition and modes of production would shape the individual's value structure. Corresponding ideologies of modes of production, namely, socialism, capitalism, and feudalism would have their corresponding value factors on Chinese. A study of 1,221 China's and 1,174 Hong Kong's college students provided a test of the proposed 3-factor structure defining socialist/Confucian, capitalist, feudalist values. Confirmatory factor analysis verified its validity. The 3-factor structure was also more theoretically, methodologically, and empirically adequate than Bond's (1988) conceptualization of Chinese values. In addition, indifference in levels of the three values between students in Mainland China and Hong Kong reflected the students' common orientation to Chinese culture.
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Jiménez Contreras, Baruc. "Engels, humanism and revolutionary praxis: The centrality of the dynamic analysis of historical materialism and its inherent relation to overcoming capitalist alienation". Human Geography 14, n. 2 (11 maggio 2021): 173–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19427786211010138.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
At the end of the 19th century, a debate emerged among academics of historical materialism on the apparent divergence between Engels’ and Marx’s theoretical developments. During the 20th century, those who wanted to argue that there was a dichotomy between the two authors identified Engels as responsible for historical materialism’s crises. This paper aims to demonstrate that Engels, far from distancing himself from Marx’s central positions, contributed to the formation of historical materialism as a revolutionary praxis that seeks a more rational regulation of the human metabolism with nature through overcoming the alienating conditions of the capitalist system. For this reason, the paper analyses Ludwig Feuerbach and the End of Classical German Philosophy, one of Engels’ most controversial texts, and exposes the correlation with the historical development of the revolutionary praxis in the Engels’ and Marx’s work. The article will be drawing on Adolfo Sánchez Vázquez’s Philosophy of Praxis, understood as a ‘revolutionary’ activity, and his analysis of Marx’s and Engels’ work. It is argued that one of Engels’ primary purposes, in Ludwig Feuerbach, was to show the demystification process of the Hegelian dialectical method, resulting in the formation of historical materialism as a dynamic epistemic model, that seeks to transform social reality through revolutionary praxis. The Feuerbachian ontological categories and Feuerbach’s perception of nature were the objects of the same process of demystification and critique, resulting in the characterisation of the human being in Marxism as a generic, social and historical being. Finally, it is shown that Engels demonstrates the possibilities for transformation of the human subject; for that reason, Engels’ argument is associated with the revolutionary praxis.
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Arthur, Christopher. "Contradiction and Abstraction: A Reply to Finelli". Historical Materialism 17, n. 1 (2009): 170–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156920609x399254.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractFollowing the publication of my book The New Dialectic and Marx's 'Capital', and the symposium on it in Historical Materialism 13.2, a critique by Roberto Finelli recently appeared: 'Abstraction versus Contradiction: Observations on Chris Arthur's The New Dialectic and Marx's “Capital”' in Historical Materialism 15.2. Finelli argues that my systematic dialectic is not taken sufficiently far, in that I retain presuppositions not posited by the capitalist totality. Here, I argue against Finelli's closed totality of wholly abstract forms, not least because it affords no realistic exit strategy. I reaffirm that the logic of contradiction is required to conceptualise the capital relation.
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Shimoguiri, Ana Flávia Dias Tanaka, e Abílio Da Costa-Rosa. "Contribuições do materialismo histórico para a terapia ocupacional: uma análise dialética do fazer e da generacidade humana / Contributions of historical materialism to occupational therapy: a dialectical analysis about human doing and genericity". Revista Interinstitucional Brasileira de Terapia Ocupacional - REVISBRATO 1, n. 5 (1 novembre 2017): 704–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.47222/2526-3544.rbto9655.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
O homem é o único ser capaz de produzir além das necessidades físicas podendo engendrar um processo produtivo direcionado pela ética do desejo no qual ao fazer ele constrói sua existência material e subjetiva, para Marx, essa é sua atividade vital que lhe confere a genericidade humana. Com o Modo Capitalista de Produção (MCP) o fazer e a produção tornaram-se vias de enquadramento para um laço social de (re)produção e consumo, de expropriação econômica e subjetiva, consequentemente de produção de subjetividades alienadas. A Terapia Ocupacional (TO) opera com o fazer e com as funções produtivas, todavia, ao falar sobre o homem como ser práxico não traz a práxis referenciada a um saber-fazer genuíno, assim, nossa proposta é a partir das contribuições do Materialismo Histórico, avançar na compreensão de um sujeito inseparável do seu fazer para pensar as atividades como dispositivos de subjetivação e singularização, de produção de saúde.Abstract Man is the only one capable of producing beyond the physical needs, he can engender a productive process directed by the ethics of desire, so doing things he can build him material and subjective existence, for Marx, this is the vital activity that gives him the human genericity. Occupational Therapy (OT) operates with the various activities that make up human production, activities of daily living, practical life, among others. From the contributions of Historical Materialism, through a bibliographical review, our objective in this work was to discuss the effects of the Capitalist Mode of Production on occupational therapies practices, and, mainly, to advance in the understanding of a subject inseparable from his doing, conceptualizing the activities used by OT as devices of subjectivation and health production.Keywords: Capitalism, Subjectivity, Occupational therapy Resumen El hombre es el único ser capaz de producir más allá de las necesidades físicas, él puede engendrar un proceso productivo dirigido por la ética del deseo, entonces, haciendo atividades el hombre construye su existencia material y subjetiva, para Marx, esta es una actividad vital que proporciona la generalidad humana. La Terapia Ocupacional (TO) opera con las diversas actividades que componen la producción humana, actividades de vida diaria, de vida práctica, entre otras. A partir de las contribuciones del Materialismo Histórico, por medio de revisión bibliográfica, nuestro objetivo en este trabajo fue discutir los atravesamientos que las prácticas de TO sufrieron dadas las injunciones del modo capitalista de producción, y, sobre todo, avanzar en la comprensión de un sujeto inseparable de su hacer, conceptuando las actividades utilizadas por la TO como dispositivos de subjetivación y de producción de salud.Palabras clave: Capitalismo, Subjetividad, Terapia ocupacional
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Orr, Jackie. "Enchanting Catastrophe: Magical Subrealism and BP's Macondo". Catalyst: Feminism, Theory, Technoscience 1, n. 1 (8 settembre 2015): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.28968/cftt.v1i1.28813.
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Remembering the late 19th century deployment of spiritualist technologies (divining rods, witching sticks) to locate oil deposits in the Americas, this visual essay situates U.S. petroleum culture in an occult genealogy of capitalist sorcery and supernatural materialism. The essay re-imagines the branded “BP” oil spill as an enchanted disaster unfolding across implicate orders of colonial phantasm, new subsea infrastructures of petro-capitalism, and the mundane inferno of deep time. How to envision the BP disaster—and its expansive subsea digital archive—as a ‘magic site,’ where natural and supernatural blend? What can magical subrealism offer as both an analytics of contemporary power and a style of performative feminist conjuring? How really to think, with oil, the thought that thought may be unhuman?
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Rewizorski, Marek. "Globalne zarządzanie w perspektywie transnarodowego materializmu historycznego". Wrocławskie Studia Politologiczne 21 (14 marzo 2017): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/1643-0328.21.2.
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Transnational historical materialism as a perspectiveon global governanceThe main purpose of this article is to systematize various positions held by transnational historical materialists in relation to global governance. They believe that the aforementioned phenomenon is a concept whose purpose is to conceal the class character of control practices taking place in the contemporary capitalist economy. The common denominator is the historical relationship between globalization, commodification and liberalization, as processes which became particularly evident in the late 1970s and 80s. Hence, the first part of this article shows criticism of the UN vision of global governanceIn the second part, the issue analyzed is embedded in a theoretical outlook, based mainly on the works of Immanuel Wallerstein, Henk Overbeek, Robert Cox, Mark Duffield and Stephen Gill. The article ends with conclusions containing generalizations resulting from the analysis.
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Jiang, Lu, e Yang Ge. "Das Kapital and political economy in the broad sense: a review on Wang Yanan’s research". China Political Economy 1, n. 1 (4 giugno 2018): 130–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cpe-09-2018-009.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose Wang has focused on the relationship between Das Kapital and the political economy in the broad sense. Numerous ideas covering the political economy in the broad sense are involved in the overall structure of Das Kapital, methodology of historical materialism and analyses of the historical fate of capitalist system. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach In broad outline, the Asiatic, ancient, feudal and modern bourgeois modes of production may be designated as epochs, marking progress in the economic development of society (Wang, 2007b). Historical materialism provides a new, scientific and objective explanation for understanding the dialectical development laws of society. It is crucial for constructing the theoretical system of a political economy in the broad sense. It could be said that it is the key to solving the puzzle of the historical course of social development. Findings Today, economic relations between the world’s top two economies have merged with each other. How can two countries with different systems trade with each other so well? These questions can no longer be answered with traditionally narrow political economic theory. The authors have to seek these answers from the perspective of a political economy in the broad sense. Originality/value Numerous ideas covering the political economy in the broad sense are involved in the overall structure of Das Kapital, methodology of historical materialism, and analyses of the historical fate of capitalist system.
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Toscano, Alberto. "From Pin Factories to Gold Farmers: Editorial Introduction to a Research Stream on Cognitive Capitalism, Immaterial Labour, and the General Intellect". Historical Materialism 15, n. 1 (2007): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156920607x173742.
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AbstractThis article introduces a series of essays on the related concepts of cognitive capitalism, immaterial labour and the 'general intellect', which will feature in the pages of Historical Materialism from this issue onwards. It outlines the stakes of the theoretical discussion around these concepts and welcomes the recasting in Marxian terms of debates which have o en been monopolised by apologetic treatments of capitalist development. It also identifies five areas which future articles in this 'research stream' will be preoccupied with: (1) the interpretation of Marxian notions, especially arising from the Grundrisse; (2) the philosophy of history and the schemata of social change that underpin concepts such as cognitive capitalism; (3) the identification of hegemonic social figures (e.g. the immaterial labourer, the 'cognitariat'); (4) issues of philosophical anthropology bearing on the definition of knowledge and intellect; (5) the role of debates on value (and its possible crisis) in assessing the idea of knowledge as a productive force.
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Huber, Matthew T. "Energizing historical materialism: Fossil fuels, space and the capitalist mode of production". Geoforum 40, n. 1 (gennaio 2009): 105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2008.08.004.
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Virdee, Satnam. "Racialized capitalism: An account of its contested origins and consolidation". Sociological Review 67, n. 1 (gennaio 2019): 3–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038026118820293.
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Undergirded by the perspective of historical materialism in dialogue with black Marxism and Marxist feminism, this article constructs an account demonstrating the significance of racism to the making of modernity. The analytic returns of unthinking Eurocentric sociologies in favour of a more unified historical social scientific approach include the unmasking of the intimate relationship between capitalism, class struggles and racism, particularly how capitalist rule advanced through a process of differentiation and hierarchical re-ordering of the global proletariat. From the 17th-century colonization of Virginia to Victorian Britain and beyond, racism formed an indispensable weapon in the armoury of the state elites, used to contain the class struggles waged by subaltern populations with a view to making the system safe for capital accumulation. Additionally, situating an account of racism within the unfolding story of historical capitalism as against the postcolonial tendency to locate it within the civilizational encounter between the West and the Rest helps make transparent the plurality of racisms, including the racialization of parts of the European proletariat. This explanation of the structuring force of racism and the differentiated ways in which the proletariat has been incorporated into capitalist relations of domination has important implications for emancipatory politics. A race-blind politics risks leaving untouched the injustices produced by historic and contemporaneous racisms. Instead, an alternative approach is proposed, one that invites movements to wilfully entangle demands for economic justice with anti-racism and thereby embrace and demystify the differences inscribed into the collective body of the proletariat by capitalism.
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Kulchyski, Peter. "Hunting Theories: Totalisation and Indigenous Resistances in Canada". Historical Materialism 24, n. 3 (27 settembre 2016): 30–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1569206x-12341483.
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Indigenous peoples are, in the current historical conjuncture, leading the opposition to the capitalist state in Canada. The specific features of Indigenous cultures, history and struggles demand of historical materialism a regional theory that deploys existing concepts and categories in reinvigorated and sometimes different ways. Glen Coulthard’s Red Skin, White Masks makes a critically important contribution to this project by offering a creative, materialist-leaning reading of Frantz Fanon as a lever to criticise those prominent liberal arguments of Indigenous conflict that are based on notions of recognition. While Coulthard’s argument and project would be significantly advanced by raising Marx’s concept of ‘mode of production’ from the secondary status it enjoys in the work to a more foundational role, in part because this moves the problem of totalisation to the core of strategies of resistance, he nevertheless in his affirmative project rightly centres returning to aboriginal cultural forms as a critical feature of decolonisation.
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Takay, Bahar, e Güler Aydın. "What if Marx and Veblen met…". Ekonomski anali 59, n. 202 (2014): 131–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/eka1402131t.
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The aim of this study is to analyse both the differences and the similarities between Marx and Veblen regarding historical specificity, evolution, and alienation. Starting with their discussions on these subjects, this article builds on the analyses of capitalism. The goal of this study is not to collapse Marx and Veblen into one another but rather to understand capitalism by presenting the complementary relationship of the two economists? analyses and to introduce an appropriate analytical framework for understanding capitalism. This study consists of three parts. The first part examines how Veblen regarded Marx?s analysis, and how Marx especially viewed Darwin?s theory of evolution. Marx?s approach to evolution and Veblen?s criticism of Marx on this topic will constitute the general framework of this part. The second part of the study evaluates the level of agreement or disagreement between Veblen and Marx on the idea of historicism from the perspective of dialectical materialism. The last part analyses Marx and Veblen?s different ideas of the concept of alienation. The two economists? views on the capitalist system will be determined based on these three concepts, introducing the similarities between them as well as the differences.
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Mocnik, Rastko. "Historical transformation and epistemological discontinuity". Filozofija i drustvo 24, n. 4 (2013): 30–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fid1304030m.
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Starting from recent formulas of EU bureaucracy for subordinating scientific and educational apparatuses to the needs of the capital and to the requests of its political representatives, the article analyses the interconnection between the historical transformation of the ideological state apparatuses (universities, higher education institutions, research institutes etc.) and the epistemological discontinuity provoked by the triumph of technosciences. The hypothesis to be tested is the following: While the crisis of West European-North American capitalism requires an ever tighter submission of ideological state apparatuses, and especially of scientific and academic apparatuses to the needs of the capital, theoretical practices in the humanities and social sciences have come to the point where they entered into an open conflict with the domination of the capital and have, as a consequence, started to subvert their own institutional supports in the ideological apparatuses of the capitalist state. For this purpose, the article reconsiders social sciences as a compromise formation and, eventually, reassesses the historical materialism as a non-Cartesian modern science.
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Xie, Yongping, e Min Chen. "The New Development and Modern Value of Engels’ Letters to Materialism in His Later Years". Scientific and Social Research 3, n. 2 (13 luglio 2021): 190–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.36922/ssr.v3i2.1132.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Historical materialism is one of Marx’s greatest discoveries, which is of great significance in the history of human social thought. In Engels’ later years, there was a new trend in the development of capitalist society, where letters became an important carrier for Engels to carry out theoretical research, propaganda and struggle. Engels’ letters in his later years paid full attention to the reaction to the superstructure of the economic foundation and the relative independence of ideology. In addition, it emphasizes that the theory should keep pace with the times, also puts forward and expounds the thought of “historical resultant force theory.” Furthermore, we firmly opposed dogmatism, contrarily adhered and developed scientific Marxism. Engels’ letters in his later years not only enriched and developed Marxist historical materialism, but also provided a strong theoretical basis for the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.
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Unwanullah, Arif. "INDUSTRIALISASI DAN TANTANGANNYA PADA SEKTOR PENDIDIKAN". Jurnal Economia 11, n. 2 (1 ottobre 2015): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/economia.v11i2.8237.
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Abstrak: Industrialisasi dan Tantangannya pada Sektor Pendidikan. Sumbangan pendidikan dalam perubahan dan pembangunan masa lalu telah bergeser dengan kemajuan teknoekonomi dan komunikasi. Perubahan yang terjadi telah menggeser tatanan kehidupan dan pandangan masyarakat. Materialisme, kapitalisme, efisiensi, dan efektivitas telah menjadi tujuan dan semangat hidup. Pergeseran pandangan masyarakat telah mengubah pula pandangan keberhasilan dan mutu pendidikan, di mana pendidikan diukur dari keberhasilan dalam keterserapan lulusan dalam dunia kerja, oleh karenanya pendidikan dianalisis dari karakteristik sebagai investasi (capital-investment). Pergeseran makna dan tanggung jawab pendidikan mendorong dunia pendidikan melakukan pembaruan dengan alternatif: membangun pembaruan penalaran warganya menuju pemerdekaan dan pendewasaan, pendidikan dilaksanakan secara komprehensif dan bekerjasama dengan semua pihak secara kemitraan, dan membangun visi pendidikan secara komprehensif dan simultan dengan semua pihak.Kata kunci: perubahan sosial, materialistik, modernisasi dan kapitalisAbstract: Industrialization and its education Sector challenges. Contribution of education has shifted with the progress of technology, economy, and communication. The changes have shifted the society's views. Materialism, capitalism, efficiency, and effectiveness have become of interest and enthusiasm for life. The shift has changed society's view, i.e. the view of success and quality of education, in which education is measured from a rate of the absorption of graduates into labor market, therefore education is analyzed from the characteristics of an investment (capital-investment). A shift in meaning and responsibility of education encourages the education sector to create reformation through these following alternatives: creating new thoughts towards liberation and maturation, implementing education comprehensively and cooperating with all parties in partnership, and creating a vision of education comprehensively and simultaneously.Keywords: social change, materialistic, modernization and capitalist
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Gellert, Paul K., e Paul S. Ciccantell. "Coal's Persistence in the Capitalist World-Economy". Sociology of Development 6, n. 2 (2020): 194–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/sod.2020.6.2.194.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Predominant analyses of energy offer insufficient theoretical and political-economic insight into the persistence of coal and other fossil fuels. The dominant narrative of coal powering the Industrial Revolution, and Great Britain's world dominance in the nineteenth century giving way to a U.S.- and oil-dominated twentieth century, is marred by teleological assumptions. The key assumption that a complete energy “transition” will occur leads some to conceive of a renewable-energy-dominated twenty-first century led by China. After critiquing the teleological assumptions of modernization, ecological modernization, energetics, and even world-systems analysis of energy “transition,” this paper offers a world-systems perspective on the “raw” materialism of coal. Examining the material characteristics of coal and the unequal structure of the world-economy, the paper uses long-term data from governmental and private sources to reveal the lack of transition as new sources of energy are added. The increases in coal consumption in China and India as they have ascended in the capitalist world-economy have more than offset the leveling-off and decline in some core nations. A true global peak and decline (let alone full substitution) in energy generally and coal specifically has never happened. The future need not repeat the past, but technical, policy, and movement approaches will not get far without addressing the structural imperatives of capitalist growth and the uneven power structures and processes of long-term change of the world-system.
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Rekret, Paul. "The Head, the Hand, and Matter: New Materialism and the Politics of Knowledge". Theory, Culture & Society 35, n. 7-8 (22 novembre 2018): 49–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263276418806369.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This article seeks to examine the political connotations of a recent ‘material turn’ in social and political theory and its implications for theorizations of political agency. ‘New materialist’ theories are premised upon transcending the limits which social constructivism places upon thought, viewed as a reification of the division of subject and object and so a hubristic anthropocentrism which places human beings at the centre of social existence. Yet new materialist theories have tended to locate the conditions of the separation of mind and world they seek to overcome upon the terrain of epistemic or ethical error. By taking the work of Quentin Meillassoux, Jane Bennett and Karen Barad as exemplary, this article contends that new materialist theories not only fall short of their own materialist pretensions insofar as they do not interrogate the material conditions of the separation of the mental and material, but that the failure to do so has profound repercussions for the success of their accounts of political agency. This essay seeks to offer a counter-narrative to new materialist theories by situating the hierarchy between thought and world as a structural feature of capitalist social relations.
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Goncharov, Vitaly Viktorovich, Nurgun V. Afanasev, Elena A. Sverdlikova, Tatiana N. Mikhaleva, Grigory A. Vasilevich e Jacek Zalesny. "The use of the dialectical method as a theory for understanding social change in the philosophy of global constitutionalism". LAPLAGE EM REVISTA 7, Extra-A (10 maggio 2021): 385–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24115/s2446-622020217extra-a827p.385-394.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This article is devoted to the conceptual analysis of the dialectical method for understanding social change in the philosophy of global constitutionalism. The purpose of the research: from the position of socio-philosophical methods of cognition of social reality and ideas reflecting it, to analyze the dialectic model in the doctrine of social changes in the philosophy of global constitutionalism. An analysis of the dialectical method as a theory for understanding social change in the philosophical concept of global constitutionalism has shown that: in the process of its formation, the Hegelian concept of dialectical development and the dialectical materialism of the Marxist-Leninist type, including its basic laws; it is aimed at developing a system of arguments to justify the natural evolutionary nature of the origin of the world capitalist system; the process of removing the qualitatively heterogeneous opposites accumulated in the process of social development is also subordinate to the general logic of the development of the world capitalist system.
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Radojević, Lidija. "Changing the mode of production in the field of culture". Maska 28, n. 157 (1 ottobre 2013): 6–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/maska.28.157-158.6_1.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The text deals with the changes in the mode of production in the field of culture in post-socialist Slovenia. Using the theory of historical materialism, it tries to consider the changes within cultural production over the past two decades. Utilizing Marx's conceptualization of the formal and the real subsumption of labour under capital, it sheds light on the introduction of capitalist relations of production in this field. In particular, the text focuses on the institutional changes through which capital subsumes cultural production, and it describes the structural changes that occur when culture is thought of in terms of cultural industries.
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Basile, Jonathan. "The New Novelty: Corralation as Quarantine in Speculative Realism and New Materialism". Derrida Today 11, n. 2 (novembre 2018): 211–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/drt.2018.0187.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The foundational gesture of New Materialism and Speculative Realism dismisses vast swaths of past philosophy and theory in order to signify their own avant-garde status. The violence of this gesture, which tries to corral difference within past texts in order to feign its own purity, can be considered as a theoretical quarantine. Examples of medical and spiritual quarantine, the 2014 ebola epidemic and Jesus’ temptation, are analyzed to show that the figure is inherently compromised – the harder one fights to keep the other away, the more one becomes inseparable from it. Derrida's reflections on the reactions against deconstruction show that this desire for progress is always inherently conservative; Meillassoux and Jane Bennett are considered as contemporary examples. A deconstruction of corralation and the academico-capitalist forces driving these ‘innovations’ might open us to reading the never-simply-past text, and to the possibility of the event.
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MacMillan, John. "‘Hollow promises?’ Critical materialism and the contradictions of the Democratic Peace". International Theory 4, n. 3 (31 ottobre 2012): 331–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752971912000139.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The Democratic Peace research programme explicitly and implicitly presents its claims in terms of their potential to underpin a universal world peace. Yet whilst the Democratic Peace appears robust in its geographical heartlands it appears weaker at the edges of the democratic world, where the spread of democracy and the depth of democratic political development is often limited and where historically many of the purported exceptions to the Democratic Peace are found. Whereas Democratic Peace scholarship has tended to overlook or downplay these phenomena, from a critical materialist perspective they are indicative of a fundamental contradiction within the Democratic Peace whereby its universalistic aspirations are thwarted by its material grounding in a hierarchical capitalist world economy. This, in turn, raises the question of whether liberal arguments for a universal Democratic Peace are in fact hollow promises. The article explores these concerns and argues that those interested in democracy and peace should pay more attention to the critical materialist tradition, which in the discussion below is represented principally by the world-system approach.
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Dos Santos, Magda Cruz, e Conceição Paludo. "TRABALHO/EDUCAÇÃO NO PROGRAMA MAIS EDUCAÇÃO: formar para a empregabilidade e para o desemprego". Cadernos de Pesquisa 24, n. 1 (24 maggio 2017): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2178-2229.v24n1p31-43.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
O artigo resulta de pesquisa sobre a relação trabalho/educação, no Programa Mais Educação, do Ministério da Educação (MEC – Brasil). Tendo como perspectiva teórico-metodológica o Materialismo Histórico Dialético, analisa os documentos oficiais da política pública investigada. A análise indica que o Programa visa à contenção da violência, à adaptação e conformação das classes trabalhadoras aos efeitos do processo de reestruturação do sistema capitalista, por meio da categoria de Educação Integral. Como central, os resultados da pesquisa expõem a especificidade da relação trabalho/educação que, na estratégia de adaptação e conformação, almeja uma formação voltada tanto para a empregabilidade como para o desemprego.Palavras-chave: Relação trabalho/educação. Capital e política pública. Programa Mais Educação.THE RELATIONSHIP WORK/ EDUCATION IN THE PROGRAM MAIS EDUCAÇÃO: training to employability and unemploymentAbstract: The article results from a research about the relationship of work/education, in Mais Educação program, from Ministry of Education (MEC – Brazil). Having as perspective theoretical and methodological the Dialectical and Historical Materialism, it analyses official documents the investigated public policy. The analyses indicate this Program to violence contention, to the adaptation and conformation of working classes to effects of the capitalist system restructuration process, through full-time education category. As central, search results sets it exposes specificity difficulties of work/ education relationship in the strategy of adaptation and conformation, the training both for employability and for unemployment.Keywords: Relationship work/ education. Capital and public policy. Program Mais Educação. TRABAJO / EDUCACIÓN EN PROGRAMA MÁS EDUCACIÓN: form para la empleabilidad y el desempleo Resumen: El artículo es el resultado de la investigación sobre la relación de trabajo / educación del Programa Más Educación, Ministério de Educación (MEC – Brasil). Desde el punto de vista teórico y metodológico de materialismo histórico dialéctico, análisis los documentos oficiales la política pública investigado. El análisis indica que el programa tiende a la contención de la violencia, la adaptación y la conformación de las clases trabajadoras a los efectos de la reestructuración de sistema capitalista, por categoría de Educación Integral. Como centrales, conjuntos de resultados de búsqueda se expone la especificidad de la relacione trabajo / educación en la estratégia de adaptación y conformación, prevé una formación tanto para el empleo y el desempleo.Palabras clave: Relación de trabajo / educación. El capital y las políticas públicas. Programa Más Educación.
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Callinicos, Alex. "Books reviewed: Marxism and the International: The Future of the Capitalist State, Historical Materialism and Globalisation". British Journal of Politics and International Relations 6, n. 3 (agosto 2004): 426–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-856x.2004.00148.x.
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Kim, Jung In. "The birth of urban modernity in Gangnam, Seoul". Architectural Research Quarterly 19, n. 4 (dicembre 2015): 369–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135515000615.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study explores a formative period in the development of Gangnam, an exclusive district south of the Han River that was conceived of and shaped in the context of South Korea's militaristic and capitalist urban culture of the late 1960s. Created in imitation of what was at the time considered to be a highly modern urbanism that had been transplanted not only from the West but also from neighboring countries such as Japan, Hong Kong and Singapore, Gangnam was meant to provide an urban zone that would be secure from the threat of North Korean aggression while simultaneously proclaiming South Korea's ambitions to become a modern nation. This drive to create a new identity for Korea as a capitalist and developed nation, combined with the strong authoritarian nature of the South Korean state, meant that the implementation of modernist architecture and urbanism in Gangnam was primarily made to serve the nation-building and entrepreneurial ambitions of the state. Gangnam thus provides an example of the implementation of modernist structures and planning concepts that were originally envisioned as ways of providing meaningful public space by countering unchecked private speculation (i.e. massive apartment complexes, neighborhood units, superblocks, and automobile-oriented roadways) in the service of materialism at its most flamboyant. This perplexing condition could be said to be the result of what happens when architectural or urban forms are emptied of their publically-oriented ethical impulse, particularly in state-led large-scale urbanisation. While Gangnam can in some respects be considered to be a successful implementation of a modernist cityscape in the sense that it continues to be developed and thrive, it has become the centre of a segregated and unequal urbanity characterized by a highly materialist and extremely competitive culture that is diametrically opposed to the original intentions of those earlier modernist avant-gardes.
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Sculos, Bryant William. "Minding the Gap: Marxian Reflections on the Transition from Capitalism to Postcapitalism". tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society 16, n. 2 (4 maggio 2018): 676–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31269/triplec.v16i2.982.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Building on contemporary debates over the past several decades in Marxist and post-Marxist theory regarding the relationship between capitalism and postcapitalism, this essay will explore the enduring relevance of Marx’s treatment of this issue in some of his most significant, though increasingly less contemporarily engaged with texts (as Capital [Vols. 1-3] and the Grundrisse take pride of place). Here, I look toward the middle and early period of Marx’s oeuvre to pull out the most important statements and insights regarding the relationship between capitalism and postcapitalism, focusing on The German Ideology, The 18th Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte, Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844, and The Communist Manifesto in order to offer reflections on how Marx’s work, 200 years since his birth, offer the contemporary and future left guidance on “minding the gap” between capitalism and postcapitalism as we live, work, and struggle still deeply ensconced within the confines of the decadent capitalist mode of production. Combing close-reading of key relevant texts in Marx’s oeuvre with reflective commentary on how Marx’s work can speak to the contemporary conjuncture, this paper offers a synthetic commentary on how leftists, both scholars and activists, should approach the question of the relationship between radical praxis within capitalism and the character of potential postcapitalisms that may emerge. This essay is loosely organised around three crucial questions: (1) What can we learn from Marx’s discussions on the historical transition and the overall radical intellectual project of dialectical materialism that can assist us in understanding the transition from capitalism to a democratic, egalitarian postcapitalism (i.e., socialism/communism), specifically concerning complexity and time? (2) How does contemporary capitalism reproduce itself social-psychologically (i.e., ideologically) and what are the implications of that for a postcapitalist transformation? (3) What is/are the role(s) of revolutionaries in dealing with the first two questions?
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Jones, Alwyn. "The Violence of Materialism in Advanced Industrial Society: An Eco-Sociological Approach". Sociological Review 35, n. 1 (febbraio 1987): 19–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954x.1987.tb00002.x.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The main argument to be developed in this article is that such phenomena as war, vandalism and urban ‘terrorism’ are not isolated events, but reflect the values and beliefe embedded in the deep institutional structure of advanced industrial societies. It will be argued that in such societies, however politically patterned, there is a universal, and virtually unequivocal, acceptance of economic growth and expansion as the prime objective to be pursued. As such economic expansion depends on advances in scientific and technological knowledge the control and manipulation of nature is given full legitimacy. This attitude towards nature is seen as a central feature of the industrial culture as a whole and reflects the dominance of material over other human values. And it is the asymmetry between these value systems which predisposes the industrial culture to violence and instability: in short it gives ideological support to the use of violence in the resolution of problems, whether these be of a political, social or economic nature. It will be contended that there is a clear need to go beyond the traditional marxist analysis of capitalism in order to show how the institutional structure of advanced industrial societies plays a part both in stimulating and reproducing the ideology of violence notwithstanding considerable differences in the political arrangements in such societies. It follows from this that what is required is a broad theory of industrialization, rather than specifically of capitalism. As Illich argues, Our present ideologies are useful to clarify the contradictions which appear in a society which relies on the capitalist control of industrial production; they do not, however, provide the necessary framework for analysing the crisis in the industrial mode of production itself. As the writer has argued elsewhere the formulation of such a theory could be enhanced through the establishment of continuities between the thought of radical humanists such as Illich and that of the critical theory of the Frankfurt School. This article reflects an initial attempt to achieve a synthesis of such ideas. In the concluding paragraphs the article will address itself to a key question – what new modes of thinking, what kinds of institutions, are necessary if the ideology of violence is to be transcended? It will be argued here that the possibility of such transcendence depends on the establishment of a new organizing principle – ‘deep ecology’3 – as a basis for the construction of an alternative social reality. In contrast to the prevailing attitude in advanced industrial society which legitimizes humankind's assumed position of dominance and control over all aspects of nature, ‘deep ecology’ lays stress on oneness and interdependence with humankind no longer at the centre of the stage. Through the exploration of the concept of ‘deep ecology’ an attempt will be made to develop an ecological perspective in sociological thought. The consistent failure of sociological theorizing to encompass the ecological debate is a serious disciplinary weakness at a time when there is evidence of a mounting ecological crisis of global proportions. Whilst it is accepted that the thesis presented here cannot claim more than tentative status at this stage, the writer's minimum aims will have been achieved if it acts as a catalyst for the further discussion and development of these ideas within the discipline.
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Ramos Januario, Erika, e Jani Alves da Silva Moreira. "A INFLUÊNCIA DO BANCO MUNDIAL NO EMPRESARIAMENTO DA EDUCAÇÃO: CONSEQUÊNCIAS DA PARCERIA ENTRE O PÚBLICO-PRIVADO". COLLOQUIUM HUMANARUM 15, Especial 2 (1 dicembre 2018): 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5747/ch.2018.v15.nesp2.001079.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of World Bank (WB) -based education reforms on education after the 1990s to present the consequences of public-private partnership in primary and higher education. The research is qualitative, of a bibliographical character and the method used was historical Materialism, insofar as this allows the analysis of the category totality, evidencing the existing contradictions in capitalist society. The results were that the public and private relationship made the educational field an attractive market for business groups, subjecting it to commercial logic. It is concluded that the partnership allows the access and permanence of the companies in all sectors of the educational field, mainly in the actuation and formulation of educational policies.
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A. Prodnik, Jernej. "A Seeping Commodification: The Long Revolution in the Proliferation of Communication Commodities". tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society 12, n. 1 (21 febbraio 2014): 142–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31269/triplec.v12i1.485.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The main goal of this paper is to conceptualize a seeping commodification. The author of the paper claims we are in the midst of a considerable qualitative transformation in the processes of commodification that is, in large part, owed to an overwhelming capitalist enclosure of the wider communicative field. The key reason for what seems to be an important qualitative transformation in the commodification process lies in the fact that communication and information flows today run through most social relations and spheres – which non-critical approaches often explain with the concept of the ‘mediatization of society’. A materialist approach, distinctive of (critical) political economy of communication, enables an apt critique of these processes. In an epoch, in which capital has enclosed the wider field of communication, mediatization is in fact nothing else than a continuing commodification of our everyday lives. The author of the paper claims that commodification of communication and informational resources must be seen as a long-term process, which has accompanied the rise of capitalism. A considerable proliferation of the economic importance of communication, information, and culture has – to be precise – been enhanced in a large part by political interventions occurring in the last decades (which were a response to the economic tendencies and crises of the time). While the immediate results are observable especially in the proliferation of the new information and communication technologies and the global role of intellectual property rights, the wider social consequences of these developments have been much broader and more influential. This study proceeds from the perspective of historical materialism and adopts dialectics in an attempt to grasp contradictory social changes. The analysis is done through different methods of historicizing: firstly, by observing long-term changes in communication, information, and culture, as they have been slowly transformed into commodities produced for market exchange since the emergence of capitalism; and, secondly, by defining fundamental political and economic processes occurring in recent decades that help with an explanation of the rise in the influence of communication and information (as peculiar types of commodities) in the current epoch.
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A. Prodnik, Jernej. "A Seeping Commodification: The Long Revolution in the Proliferation of Communication Commodities". tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society 12, n. 1 (21 febbraio 2014): 142–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31269/vol12iss1pp142-168.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The main goal of this paper is to conceptualize a seeping commodification. The author of the paper claims we are in the midst of a considerable qualitative transformation in the processes of commodification that is, in large part, owed to an overwhelming capitalist enclosure of the wider communicative field. The key reason for what seems to be an important qualitative transformation in the commodification process lies in the fact that communication and information flows today run through most social relations and spheres – which non-critical approaches often explain with the concept of the ‘mediatization of society’. A materialist approach, distinctive of (critical) political economy of communication, enables an apt critique of these processes. In an epoch, in which capital has enclosed the wider field of communication, mediatization is in fact nothing else than a continuing commodification of our everyday lives. The author of the paper claims that commodification of communication and informational resources must be seen as a long-term process, which has accompanied the rise of capitalism. A considerable proliferation of the economic importance of communication, information, and culture has – to be precise – been enhanced in a large part by political interventions occurring in the last decades (which were a response to the economic tendencies and crises of the time). While the immediate results are observable especially in the proliferation of the new information and communication technologies and the global role of intellectual property rights, the wider social consequences of these developments have been much broader and more influential. This study proceeds from the perspective of historical materialism and adopts dialectics in an attempt to grasp contradictory social changes. The analysis is done through different methods of historicizing: firstly, by observing long-term changes in communication, information, and culture, as they have been slowly transformed into commodities produced for market exchange since the emergence of capitalism; and, secondly, by defining fundamental political and economic processes occurring in recent decades that help with an explanation of the rise in the influence of communication and information (as peculiar types of commodities) in the current epoch.
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Absori, Absori, Khudzaifah Dimyati e Ridwan Ridwan. "Makna Pengelolaan Lingkungan Pespektif Etik Profetik". Al-Tahrir: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam 17, n. 2 (25 novembre 2017): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.21154/altahrir.v17i2.1063.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract: Nowdays the disaster and anomaly of ecology are quite difficult to avoid. Concequently, nature has become a real threat to the survival of human. It occurs due to industrial activity, mining, transportation and agriculture as the mechine of capitalist ideology. The research employed the nomative-descriptive, and philosopy approach. This paper aims to (1) explore the spirit of theological and moral-ethical which are a bucker the capitalism or materialism ideology. (2) How is perspective and bid of moral-ethical of islam (prophetic) toward the meaning and management of the environment. The result shows that first, the desire for natural exploitation which is become a characteristic of capitalism or materialism ideology underpinned by a certain theological spirit that encourages domination and human exploitation on the nature. Moreover, the exploitation desire also underpinned by moral-ethical philosopy of hedonism or utilitarianism (pragmatism), which measures the highest kindness by accumulating the material as much as possible. Second, in the Islam perspective (prophetic), the nature interpreted as a something sacred, created by Allah, as one of the object for seeking knowledge of the greatest of Allah. And in the end it makes human closed to faithfulness (trancendence). In the prophetic ethical, the universum (nature) utilized for human prosperity. And it directed to humanization, liberation and trancendence in order to create a fair society and egalitarian. الملخص: ستكون الأضرار البيئية والشذوذ في المستقبل إنتشرت في هذا العالم، ولذلك أصبحت الطبيعة تهديدا حقيقيا لبقاء الحياة البشرية, وأسباب هذه المصيبة هي كثرة النشاط الصناعي، والتعدين، وعملية النقل، والزراعة التي تعتمد على روح وفلسفة رأسمالية. وبطريقة البحث الوصفي الديني وبالمدخل الفلسفي هدف هذا البحث إلى أولا: كشف الأرواح اللاهوتية والأخلاقية التي تقوم عليها الرأسمالية. ثانيا: ما رأي الإسلام والأخلاقية (النبوية) عن الإدارة البيئية ومعانيها. ونتائج هذا البحث أولا: رغبات الاستغلال الطبيعي التي تكون عادة وحجة لإيديولوجي الرأسمالية المادية، وبالإضافة إلى ذلك، فإن رغبة الاستغلال الطبيعي قد تكون معتمدة أيضا بفلسفة مذهب التحليلية المتعة والنفعية المادية التي تقيس الخيرات من خلال المواد الكثيرة العظيمة. ثانيا: وفي نظر الإسلام (النبوي) أن العالم هو شيء مقدس، الذي أنشأه الله للناس جميعا ليأخذه عبرة وتدبرا في عظمة الله، وأخيرا ليكون العالم وسيلة لتقريب الناس إلي الإيمان بالله. وفي رأي الأخلاق النبوية، أن العالم (الطبيعة) يستخدم لأجل الرحمة أو الرفاهية للناس جميعا, ليكون العالم يدور على طبيعته الإنسانية والتحررية والتجاوزية لتحقيق مجتمع عادل ومتكافيء.Abstrak: Dewasa ini bencana dan anomali ekologis semakin sulit terelakkan, akibatnya alam telah menjadi ancaman nyata bagi kelangsungan kehidupan umat manusia. Hal ini disebabkan oleh aktifitas industri, pertambangan, transportasi, dan pertanian sebagai mesin idiologi kapitalis. Dengan menggunakan metode normatif-deksriptif, dan pedekatan filosofis, tulisan ini bertujuan; pertama, mengungkap spirit teologis dan moral-etik yang menjadi penyokong ideologi kapitalisme/materialisme; kedua, bagaimanakah perspektif dan tawaran moral-etik Islam (profetik) terhadap makna dan pengelolaan lingkungan hidup. Dalam pembahasan dan analisis, tulisan ini menyimpulkan bahwa pertama, hasrat eksploitasi Alam yang menjadi karakteristik ideologi kapitalisme-materialisme, didukung oleh spirit teologis tertentu yang mendorng dominasi dan eksploitas manusia atas Alam. Selain itu, hasrat eksploitasi itu juga didukung oleh filsafat moral-etik hedonis-utilitarianisme (pragmatis), yang mengukur kebaikan tertinggi dengan mengakumulasi materi sebanyak mungkin. Kedua, dalam sudut pandang Islam (profetik), Alam dimaknai sebagai sesuatu yang sakral, diciptakan Allah, sebagai salah satu objek menggali ilmu-kebesaran Allah, dan pada akhirnya semakin mendekatkan diri manusia pada keimanan (transedensi). Dalam etik profetik, universum (Alam) di manfaatkan untuk kesejahteraan manusia, serta diarahkan dalam rangka untuk melakukan humanisasi, liberasi, transendensi, agar tercipta masyarakat adil dan egaliter.
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Kambali, Muhammad. "KRITIK EKONOMI ISLAM TERHADAP PEMIKIRAN KARL MARX TENTANG SISTEM KEPEMILIKAN DALAM SISTEM SOSIAL MASYARAKAT". JES (Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah) 1, n. 2 (2 marzo 2017): 171–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.30736/jes.v1i2.13.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The theory of Karl Marx’s Historical Materialism states that system of ownership is a necessity in the social system. Marx declares the social system development takes place in five stages. The first stage is primitive-communal society has have not recognized the system of ownership. The second stage is the stage of division of labor and the emergence of ownership. The third stage is formation of feudal society. The fourth stage is development of a capitalist community. The final stage is stage of development of the social system which is the formation of a socialist-communist society. If seen from ownership, the social-communal system is divided into three sections; the stage of primitive-communal society, the division of labor and the stages of ownership, and phase of the ownership elimination. According to Marx, the ownership of proletariat workers system suffers exploitation and alienation. Both of these things can only be solved by removing the ownership system which is replaced by the role of collective ownership. For Islamic economics, exploitation and alienation experienced by the proletariat workers are the result of inconsistencies in wealth management and distribution system in the capitalist system, not proprietary. Islamic Economics is looking at the role of individuals in managing their wealth and their distribution pattern.
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Phrakhruphaowanasamathikhun, Phrakhruphaowanasamathikhun, Uthai Eksaphang e Suchitra Onkom. "The Appropriate Consumption Culture Of Buddhists In Current Thai Society According To Buddhadasa Bhikkhus Wishes". International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER) 10, n. 9 (18 agosto 2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v10i9.5621.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The objective of this research is to study the appropriate consumption culture of Buddhists in current Thai society according to Buddhadasa Bhikkhus wishes. In this study, we used both quantitative and qualitative methods. Taking a quantitative approach, researchers had 69 people/monks complete a questionnaire, whereas researchers used focus group techniques, inviting experts for discussion for a more qualitative approach. From the study, researchers found three of Buddhadasa Bhikkhus most important wishes to include: 1) making Buddhists and members of all religions connect with the most essential significance of their religions; 2)fostering a good understanding between religions; and 3)furthering all of mankind by helping individuals to separate themselves from materialism. If Buddhists can apply these ideas to their lives, it will promote their happiness and assist them in surviving in a capitalist society by living their lives economically.
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Velicu, Anca, e Greg Giannis. "Dismantling the products of global flows: A model for a children’s global (un)makerspace". Global Studies of Childhood 10, n. 3 (27 luglio 2020): 289–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2043610620944927.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This article discusses one specific form of makerspace for children – hereafter, referred to as (un)makerspace – whose activities consist mainly in dismantling discarded toys and electronics, characterised as a global makerspace. The article presents the activities of children participating in a number of makerspaces in Melbourne, Australia. The ‘materials’ children engaged with, mostly discarded toys and electronics, the detritus of global capitalist flows, became of prime importance and active agents in activities undertaken. The participants’ engagement consisted predominantly of dismantling of the ‘waste’ and creating new assemblages from the remains. Aiming to answer the question of how much playing, creativity and learning opportunities could children encounter in an (un)makerspace, the article will be theoretically framed by posthumanism and new materialism theory. We end with the proposition that (un)makerspaces present underrepresented and underappreciated pedagogical and civic-engagement opportunities.
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PETRAS, JAMES, e MORRIS MORLEY. "Contesting hegemons: US–French relations in the ‘New World Order’". Review of International Studies 26, n. 1 (gennaio 2000): 49–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210500000498.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
International relations is now marked by a distinct bias against both realism and materialism. This, allied to the currently fashionable notion that in a globalized, liberal economy cooperation rather than competition is the norm, has meant that few scholars have been concerned to analyse the sources of rivalry between the various capitalist states. This article suggests that a version of realism informed by a keen sense of power and hierarchy remains essential if we are to understand the dynamics of US foreign policy in the post-Cold War period. The case study deployed here revolves around the various attempts made by one of America's allies to contest Washington's vision of a ‘new world order’. The French challenge assumed many forms but in the end was seen off by the dominant state; the outcome only confirming US preponderance and guaranteeing its hegemonic position into the 21st century.
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Snyder, Laura. "Storytelling in Apocalyptic Times: Anne Washburn’s Mr. Burns, a Post-Electric Play". Journal of Contemporary Drama in English 8, n. 2 (3 novembre 2020): 282–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jcde-2020-0023.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractThis article analyzes Anne Washburn’s wildly popular, and often controversial, Mr. Burns, a Post-Electric Play (2012) by focusing on the principal retellings that shape Mr. Burns and delineating how Washburn’s adaptations produce the thematic content of the play. Washburn deftly interweaves a variety of high and low culture source material within the plot. Pandemic and apocalyptic tropes provide the ecofictional narrative base to adaptations of Stephen King’s The Stand (1978), Euripides’s Orestes, Martin Scorsese’s Cape Fear (1991), and a variety of episodes of The Simpsons (1989–). Through these retellings, Mr. Burns metatheatrically chronicles how stories shape listeners and their cultures. When the stories told simply pander to the materialism, greed, and commodification that permeate contemporary global capitalist culture, then society proliferates those solipsistic values. Washburn ultimately argues that, in what may seem like apocalyptic times, storytelling as embodied in the theater arts must instead advocate humanitarian collectivist values.
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Sørensen, Asger. "Classical critical theory, epistemological dialectics and general economy. Reply to criticism raised in Belgrade and Shanghai". Filozofija i drustvo 32, n. 1 (2021): 40–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fid2101040s.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In my response, I initially defend my preference for classical Critical Theory, emphasizing its continued relevance in capitalist modernity, stressing that the epistemological approach does not imply dogmatism with regards to scientific theory or Historical Materialism, just as it does not imply closure with regards to political democracy. When it comes to the dialectics of the classics, I also defend an epistemological approach, arguing that the dialectics aiming for truth implies critique and negativity. However, confronted with the duality of transcendental ideas and historical relativity, I express my confidence in human intuition. Following Hegel, determinate negation must sublate the intuitively conceived universality to a new conception that contains the result of the negation. Finally, I do not see how the conceptual aporias of general economy can be solved by the current political degrowth project. Still, politics is what we need more of, namely social democracy.
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Chávez Mancilla, Ángel. "Entre la ciencia ficción y la ciencia de la historia: El corazón de la serpiente." Sincronía XXV, n. 79 (3 gennaio 2021): 205–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32870/sincronia.axxv.n79.11a21.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This article deals with the science fiction novel The Heart of the Serpent, by the Soviet Ivan Efremov, and shows what we identify as an ideological vindication of the Marxist theory of history or historical materialism; and the influence that said ideological content has on the conception of science fiction that Efremov adopts and, in a meta novel exercise, he exposes in his mentioned work is studied. For this, some characteristics of Soviet science fiction in general, and the particularities of Efremov's work will be exposed. In the same way, he realizes the essential aspects of Marxist theory of history, a theoretical aspect on which Efremov bases the difference of science fiction produced in the "capitalist world", and his fiction of the future world and the extraterrestrial contact that It must be based on scientific aspects, since history as a science that manages to delineate aspects of the future society.
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Webber, Jeffery. "Rebellion to Reform in Bolivia. Part I: Domestic Class Structure, Latin-American Trends, and Capitalist Imperialism". Historical Materialism 16, n. 2 (2008): 23–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156920608x296060.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractThis article, which will appear in three parts over three issues of Historical Materialism, presents a broad analysis of the political economy and dynamics of social change during the first year (January 2006–January 2007) of the Evo Morales government in Bolivia. It situates this analysis in the wider historical context of left-indigenous insurrection between 2000 and 2005, the class structure of the country, the changing character of contemporary capitalist imperialism, and the resurgence of anti-neoliberalism and anti-imperialism elsewhere in Latin America. It considers, at a general level, the overarching dilemmas of revolution and reform. These considerations are then grounded in analyses of the 2000–5 revolutionary epoch, the 18 December 2005 elections, the social origins and trajectory of the Movimiento al Socialismo (MAS) as a party, the complexities of the relationship between indigenous liberation and socialist emancipation, the process of the Constituent Assembly, the political economy of natural gas and oil, the rise of an autonomist right-wing movement, US imperialism, and Bolivia's relations with Venezuela and Cuba. The central argument is that the economic policies of the new government exhibit important continuities with the inherited neoliberal model and that advancing the project of indigenous liberation and socialist emancipation will require renewed self-activity, self-organisation and strategic mobilisation of popular left-indigenous forces autonomous from the MAS government.
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Tansel, Cemal Burak. "Historical materialism and international studies: Theorising the politics of struggle in the everyday world". International Relations 35, n. 1 (4 febbraio 2021): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047117821991618.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This forum brings together critical engagements with Andreas Bieler and Adam David Morton’s Global Capitalism, Global War, Global Crisis to assess the prospects and limits of historical materialism in International Studies. The authors’ call for a ‘necessarily historical materialist moment’ in International Studies is interrogated by scholars working with historical materialist, feminist and decolonial frameworks in and beyond International Relations (IR)/International Political Economy (IPE). This introductory essay situates the book in relation to the wider concerns of historical materialist IR/IPE and outlines how the contributors assess the viability of Bieler and Morton’s historical materialist project.
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Pinheiro, Jair, e Maria Angélica Paraizo. "POPULISMO E AUTONOMIA RELATIVA DO ESTADO". Revista de Políticas Públicas 24, n. 2 (27 dicembre 2020): 672. http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2178-2865.v24n2p672-688.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Este artigo visa examinar as principais acepções do conceito de populismo encontradas na literatura para, ao final, propor uma acepção alternativa segundo a qual o populismo constitui um efeito típico da estrutura do Estado capitalista. Faz uma análise que possui um caráter teórico e, por meio de uma apreciação materialista da bibliografia corrente sobre o populismo, busca demonstrar a maneira de interpretar esse fenômeno político como específico da estrutura jurídico-política das formações sociais capitalistas e, com isso, apontar os limites das abordagens que tomam por referência a oposição democracia institucionalizada ou não institucionalizada ou insuficientemente institucionalizada.Palavras-chave: Populismo. Bonapartismo. Autonomia relativa do Estado. Estado capitalista. Democracia.POPULISM AND RELATIVE STATE AUTONOMYAbstractThis article aims to examine the most important meanings of populism concept that one finds in the bibliography and, finally, to propose an alternative grasp according to which populism constitutes a typical and structural effect of the capitalist state. This analysis has a theoretical character and, through a materialistic appreciation of the current bibliography on populism,proposals to expose how this political phenomenon is specific to the legal-political structure of capitalist social formations. For it, points out the limits of the approaches taking the opposition institutionalized democracy or not or uncouthly institutionalized.Keywords: Populism. Bonapartism. Relative autonomy of State. Capitalist state. Democracy.
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Suárez-Guerra, Pablo Alfredo. "Incorporación de los saberes ancestrales en la educación ordinaria.//Incorporation of ancestral knowledge in ordinary education." CIENCIA UNEMI 12, n. 30 (16 maggio 2019): 130–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.29076/issn.2528-7737vol12iss30.2019pp130-142p.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
El presente trabajo discute esenciales fundamentos históricos, antropológicos, económicos e ideológicos del modo de producción de conocimiento a partir del modo de producción de vida general del ser humano, a fin de cuestionar las matrices de la hegemonía epistemológica racionalista de la modernidad capitalista, que ancla su razón de ser en una estructura económico-política dominante que destruye material e intelectualmente al Otro para construirlo como objeto dominado y de conocimiento, lo cual se traduce en el posicionamiento centenario de una dicotomía jerárquica conocimiento/”saberes ancestrales”, y realiza, finalmente, algunas sugerencias respecto de la incorporación de los denominados saberes ancestrales en la educación ordinaria. Con base en las premisas críticas del materialismo histórico de Karl Marx y la filosofía y la ética de la liberación de Enrique Dussel, entre otros, se apunta brevemente la necesidad de replantear el problema de la validación de todo saber o conocimiento en la vida, lo cual implica subvertir las bases epistemológicas de las diversas disciplinas con base en un diálogo teórico-práctico intercultural en equidad, y los fundamentos económicos, éticos, políticos e ideológicos que nutren tales bases y que destruyen, invisibilizan, discriminan e instrumentalizan las producciones materiales e intelectuales contrarias o contradictorias al statu quo del capital. AbstractThis paper discusses essential historical, anthropological, economic and ideological foundations of the mode of production of knowledge from the general mode of production of life of the human being, in order to question the matrices of the epistemological rationalist hegemony of capitalist modernity, which anchors its raison d'être in a dominant economic-political structure that materially and intellectually destroys the other in order to construct it as a dominated and knowledge object, which translates into the centenary positioning of a hierarchical knowledge/"ancestral knowledge" dichotomy, and finally makes some suggestions regarding the incorporation of so-called ancestral knowledge into ordinary education. Based on the critical premises of Karl Marx's historical materialism and Enrique Dussel's philosophy and ethics of liberation, among others, the need to rethink the problem of the validation of all knowledge or knowledge in life is briefly pointed out, which implies subverting the epistemological bases of the diverse disciplines based on an intercultural theoretical-practical dialogue in equity, and the economic, ethical, political and ideological foundations that nourish such bases and that destroy, invisibilize, discriminate and instrumentalize the material and intellectual productions contrary or contradictory to the status quo of capital.
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Strombeck, Andrew. "The Weird, the Ontological, and the Normal". American Literary History 31, n. 2 (2019): 347–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alh/ajz002.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Benjamin J. Robertson’s None of This Is Normal (2018) addresses the entire fictional project of the New Weird writer Jeff VanderMeer. In doing so, Robertson intervenes within recent discussions of new materialism, accounts of which have been entwined with the New Weird. Robertson finds VanderMeer querying the normalizing discourses of capitalism and colonialism, showing how the New Weird can serve as a site to extend and challenge the sometimes-limiting frameworks of the new materialisms. As its critics have shown, object-oriented ontology and other new materialisms risk reinforcing problems of primitivism and positivism. For Robertson, VanderMeer evades such problems by foregrounding the liberal, humanist frameworks marginalizing planet and colonized subject alike. Examining what he calls VanderMeer’s fantastic materiality, Robertson contends that VanderMeer supersedes what Darko Suvin calls cognitive estrangement; VanderMeer asks readers to encounter a world that is estranged but not cognitively recoverable. And yet, by reminding readers of VanderMeer’s poststructuralist attention to language and narrative, Robertson avoids the often-masculinist tendency to posit a primitive world beyond human cognition. None of This Is Normal will be useful to scholars interested in pushing past new materialism’s limits while retaining the field’s insights for questions of climate change and nonhuman agency.
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Münster, Daniel, e Julia Poerting. "Land als Ressource, Boden und Landschaft: Materialität, Relationalität und neue Agrarfragen in der Politischen Ökologie". Geographica Helvetica 71, n. 4 (17 ottobre 2016): 245–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-71-245-2016.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract. The Anthropocene reorients the agrarian question as an ecological question of planetary scale. Rather than resolving the inherent tension between political economy and the biophysical environment by moving political ecology closer to the natural sciences, we propose an active engagement with impulses from the environmental humanities and anthropological engagements with alternative ontologies. The relational political ecology of agriculture that we outline in this article draws on feminist science studies, multispecies ethnography, new materialism and critical geography. We show the relevance of a relational approach to agriculture as a natureculture entanglement by reviewing three conceptualisations of land in political ecology in relation to our anthropological research in South India (Münster) and geographical research in Northern Pakistan (Poerting). Notions of land as resource, land as soil and land as landscape respectively exemplify shifts in theoretical and political engagements with agriculture in the Anthropocene. A relational political ecology of agriculture incorporates these theoretical sensibilities and brings them in conversation with ontological politics of agro-ecological movements who respond to the variegated crises of the anthropocene. We suggest a perspective on agrarian landscape assemblages as coproduced by histories of capitalist transformations and the (affective) relations between humans, other species and materials.