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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Chemokines"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 25 luglio 2025

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1

Struyf, Sofie, Paul Proost, Jean-Pierre Lenaerts, Griet Stoops, Anja Wuyts, and Jo Van Damme. "Identification of a blood-derived chemoattractant for neutrophils and lymphocytes as a novel CC chemokine, Regakine-1." Blood 97, no. 8 (2001): 2197–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v97.8.2197.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract Chemokines constitute a large family of chemotactic cytokines that selectively attract different blood cell types. Although most inflammatory chemoattractants are only induced and released in the circulation during acute infection, a restricted number of CXC and CC chemokines are constitutively present in normal plasma at high concentrations. Here, such a chemotactic protein was purified to homogeneity from serum and fully identified as a novel CC chemokine by mass spectrometry and amino acid sequence analysis. The protein, tentatively designated Regakine-1, shows less than 50% sequen

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2

Parry, Christopher M., J. Pedro Simas, Vincent P. Smith, et al. "A Broad Spectrum Secreted Chemokine Binding Protein Encoded by a Herpesvirus." Journal of Experimental Medicine 191, no. 3 (2000): 573–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.191.3.573.

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Chemokines are a family of small proteins that interact with seven-transmembrane domain receptors and modulate the migration of immune cells into sites of inflammation and infection. The murine gammaherpesvirus 68 M3 gene encodes a secreted 44-kD protein with no sequence similarity to known chemokine receptors. We show that M3 binds a broad range of chemokines, including CC, CXC, C, and CX3C chemokines, but does not bind human B cell–specific nor mouse neutrophil–specific CXC chemokines. This herpesvirus chemokine binding protein (hvCKBP) blocks the interaction of chemokines with high-affinity

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3

Palacios-Arreola, M. Isabel, Karen E. Nava-Castro, Julieta I. Castro, Eduardo García-Zepeda, Julio C. Carrero, and Jorge Morales-Montor. "The Role of Chemokines in Breast Cancer Pathology and Its Possible Use as Therapeutic Targets." Journal of Immunology Research 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/849720.

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Chemokines are small proteins that primarily regulate the traffic of leukocytes under homeostatic conditions and during specific immune responses. The chemokine-chemokine receptor system comprises almost 50 chemokines and approximately 20 chemokine receptors; thus, there is no unique ligand for each receptor and the binding of different chemokines to the same receptor might have disparate effects. Complicating the system further, these effects depend on the cellular milieu. In cancer, although chemokines are associated primarily with the generation of a protumoral microenvironment and organ-di

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4

Palomino, Diana Carolina Torres, and Luciana Cavalheiro Marti. "Chemokines and immunity." Einstein (São Paulo) 13, no. 3 (2015): 469–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-45082015rb3438.

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Chemokines are a large family of small cytokines and generally have low molecular weight ranging from 7 to 15kDa. Chemokines and their receptors are able to control the migration and residence of all immune cells. Some chemokines are considered pro-inflammatory, and their release can be induced during an immune response at a site of infection, while others are considered homeostatic and are involved in controlling of cells migration during tissue development or maintenance. The physiologic importance of this family of mediators is resulting from their specificity − members of the chemokine fam

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5

Dyer, Douglas P., Elisa Migliorini, Catherina L. Salanga, Dhruv Thakar, Tracy M. Handel, and Ralf P. Richter. "Differential structural remodelling of heparan sulfate by chemokines: the role of chemokine oligomerization." Open Biology 7, no. 1 (2017): 160286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.160286.

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Chemokines control the migration of cells in normal physiological processes and in the context of disease such as inflammation, autoimmunity and cancer. Two major interactions are involved: (i) binding of chemokines to chemokine receptors, which activates the cellular machinery required for movement; and (ii) binding of chemokines to glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which facilitates the organization of chemokines into haptotactic gradients that direct cell movement. Chemokines can bind and activate their receptors as monomers; however, the ability to oligomerize is critical for the function of many

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6

Horuk, Richard. "Chemokines." Scientific World JOURNAL 7 (2007): 224–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2007.6.

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Chemokines are a family of polypeptides that direct the migration of leukocytestoward a site of infection. They play a major role in autoimmune disease and chemokine receptors have recently been found to mediate HIV-1 fusion. In this short review we examine the role of chemokines in host defence and in the pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases. We conclude by discussing various therapeutic approaches that target chemokine receptors and that could be beneficial in disease.

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7

Colditz, Ian, Martin Schneider, Monika Pruenster, and Antal Rot. "Chemokines at large: In-vivo mechanisms of their transport, presentation and clearance." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 97, no. 05 (2007): 688–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th07-02-0105.

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SummaryCompelling evidence implicates chemokines in the induction of leukocyte emigration from blood into tissues.This arguably most fundamental effect of chemokines is accomplished by triggering cognate classical G-protein-coupled chemokine receptors on the leukocyte surface. In vitro, these same receptors mediate leukocyte migration; however, the mechanisms of chemokine-induced migration differ between in-vivo and in-vitro settings. Leukocyte egress from blood is greatly influenced by haemodynamic conditions and requires full cooperation of endothelial cells.The behaviour of chemokines in th

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8

Blanchet, Xavier, Christian Weber, and Philipp von Hundelshausen. "Chemokine Heteromers and Their Impact on Cellular Function—A Conceptual Framework." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 13 (2023): 10925. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241310925.

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Chemoattractant cytokines or chemokines are proteins involved in numerous biological activities. Their essential role consists of the formation of gradient and (immune) cell recruitment. Chemokine biology and its related signaling system is more complex than simple ligand–receptor interactions. Beside interactions with their cognate and/or atypical chemokine receptors, and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), chemokines form complexes with themselves as homo-oligomers, heteromers and also with other soluble effector proteins, including the atypical chemokine MIF, carbohydrate-binding proteins (galectins

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9

WARD, Stephen G., and John WESTWICK. "Chemokines: understanding their role in T-lymphocyte biology." Biochemical Journal 333, no. 3 (1998): 457–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3330457.

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The chemokines are a complex superfamily of small, secreted proteins that were initially characterized through their chemotactic effects on a variety of leucocytes. The superfamily is divided into families based on structural and genetic considerations and have been termed the CXC, CC, C and CX3C families. Chemokines from these families have a key role in the recruitment and function of T lymphocytes. Moreover, T lymphocytes have also been identified as a source of a number of chemokines. T lymphocytes also express most of the known CXC and CC chemokine receptors to an extent that depends on t

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10

Weber, Michele, Emma Blair, Clare V. Simpson, et al. "The Chemokine Receptor D6 Constitutively Traffics to and from the Cell Surface to Internalize and Degrade Chemokines." Molecular Biology of the Cell 15, no. 5 (2004): 2492–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e03-09-0634.

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The D6 heptahelical membrane protein, expressed by lymphatic endothelial cells, is able to bind with high affinity to multiple proinflammatory CC chemokines. However, this binding does not allow D6 to couple to the signaling pathways activated by typical chemokine receptors such as CC-chemokine receptor-5 (CCR5). Here, we show that D6, like CCR5, can rapidly internalize chemokines. However, D6-internalized chemokines are more effectively retained intracellularly because they more readily dissociate from the receptor during vesicle acidification. These chemokines are then degraded while the rec

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11

Pruenster, M., and A. Rot. "Throwing light on DARC." Biochemical Society Transactions 34, no. 6 (2006): 1005–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0341005.

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Chemokines play a key role in directing and driving leucocyte trafficking. The efficient regulation of leucocyte recruitment by chemokines requires their appropriate localization in functional micro-anatomical domains, as well as setting limits to their effects in space and time. Both processes are influenced by silent chemokine receptors (interceptors), including DARC (Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines). Increasing experimental evidence suggests that DARC is involved in accumulation of extravascular chemokines in endothelial cells, chemokine transcytosis and presentation on their luminal

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12

Alcamí, Antonio, Julian A. Symons, Paul D. Collins, Timothy J. Williams, and Geoffrey L. Smith. "Blockade of Chemokine Activity by a Soluble Chemokine Binding Protein from Vaccinia Virus." Journal of Immunology 160, no. 2 (1998): 624–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.160.2.624.

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Abstract Chemokines direct migration of immune cells into sites of inflammation and infection. Chemokine receptors are seven-transmembrane domain proteins that, in contrast to other cytokine receptors, cannot be easily engineered as soluble chemokine inhibitors. Poxviruses encode several soluble cytokine receptors to evade immune surveillance, providing new strategies for immune modulation. Here we show that vaccinia virus and other orthopoxviruses (cowpox and camelpox) express a secreted 35-kDa chemokine binding protein (vCKBP) with no sequence similarity to known cellular chemokine receptors

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13

Mackay, Charles R. "Chemokines: What chemokine is that?" Current Biology 7, no. 6 (1997): R384—R386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-9822(06)00181-3.

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14

ABBADIE, C. "Chemokines, chemokine receptors and pain." Trends in Immunology 26, no. 10 (2005): 529–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.it.2005.08.001.

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15

Kaplan, Allen P. "Chemokines, Chemokine Receptors and Allergy." International Archives of Allergy and Immunology 124, no. 4 (2001): 423–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000053777.

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Youn, Byung-S., Charlie Mantel, and Hal E. Broxmeyer1. "Chemokines, chemokine receptors and hematopoiesis." Immunological Reviews 177, no. 1 (2000): 150–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-065x.2000.17701.x.

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17

Schwartzkopff, Franziska, Frank Petersen, Tobias Alexander Grimm, and Ernst Brandt. "CXC chemokine ligand 4 (CXCL4) down-regulates CC chemokine receptor expression on human monocytes." Innate Immunity 18, no. 1 (2010): 124–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753425910388833.

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Abstract (sommario):

During acute inflammation, monocytes are essential in abolishing invading micro-organisms and encouraging wound healing. Recruitment by CC chemokines is an important step in targeting monocytes to the inflamed tissue. However, cell surface expression of the corresponding chemokine receptors is subject to regulation by various endogenous stimuli which so far have not been comprehensively identified. We report that the platelet-derived CXC chemokine ligand 4 (CXCL4), a known activator of human monocytes, induces down-regulation of CC chemokine receptors (CCR) 1, −2, and −5, resulting in drastic

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18

Groves, D. T., and Y. Jiang. "Chemokines, a Family of Chemotactic Cytokines." Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine 6, no. 2 (1995): 109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10454411950060020101.

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Chemokines are low-molecular-weight proteins that stimulate recruitment of leukocytes. They are secondary proinflammatory mediators that are induced by primary pro-inflammatory mediators such as interleukin-I (IL-1) or tumor necrosis factor (TNF). The physiologic importance of this family of mediators is derived from their specificity. Unlike the classic leukocyte chemo-attractants, which have little specificity, members of the chemokine family induce recruitment of well-defined leukocyte subsets. Thus, chemokine expression can account for the presence of different types of leukocytes observed

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19

Middleton, Jim, Angela M. Patterson, Lucy Gardner, Caroline Schmutz, and Brian A. Ashton. "Leukocyte extravasation: chemokine transport and presentation by the endothelium." Blood 100, no. 12 (2002): 3853–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v100.12.3853.

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At sites of inflammation and in normal immune surveillance, chemokines direct leukocyte migration across the endothelium. Many cell types that are extravascular can produce chemokines, and for these mediators to directly elicit leukocyte migration from the blood, they would need to reach the luminal surface of the endothelium. This article reviews the evidence that endothelial cells are active in transcytosing chemokines to their luminal surfaces, where they are presented to leukocytes. The endothelial binding sites that transport and present chemokines include glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and po

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20

Paoletti, Samantha, Vibor Petkovic, Silvia Sebastiani, M. Gabriela Danelon, Mariagrazia Uguccioni, and Basil O. Gerber. "A rich chemokine environment strongly enhances leukocyte migration and activities." Blood 105, no. 9 (2005): 3405–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2004-04-1648.

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AbstractThe migration of leukocytes in immune surveillance and inflammation is largely determined by their response to chemokines. While the chemokine specificities and expression patterns of chemokine receptors are well defined, it is still a matter of debate how leukocytes integrate the messages provided by different chemokines that are concomitantly produced in physiologic or pathologic situations in vivo. We present evidence for a novel regulatory mechanism of leukocyte trafficking. Our data are consistent with a mode of action where CC-chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) agonists and unrelated, n

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21

Maghazachi, A. A., A. al-Aoukaty, and T. J. Schall. "C-C chemokines induce the chemotaxis of NK and IL-2-activated NK cells. Role for G proteins." Journal of Immunology 153, no. 11 (1994): 4969–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.153.11.4969.

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Abstract The C-C chemokines MIP-1 alpha, MCP-1, and RANTES, but not MIP-1 beta, induce the chemotaxis of NK and IL-2-activated NK (IANK) cells, as determined in microchemotaxis assay. Only RANTES and MCP-1, but not MIP-1 alpha were able to induce the chemokinesis of NK cells. In contrast, none of the C-C chemokines tested was able to induce the chemokinesis of IANK cells. IANK cell chemotaxis in response to MCP-1 or RANTES but not MIP-1 alpha, was inhibited by pertussis toxin (PT). In contrast, cholera toxin (CT) inhibited the ability of all three chemokines to induce the chemotaxis of IANK ce

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Pontejo, Sergio, and Philip Murphy. "Chemokines and anionic phospholipids: new binding partners for microbial killing and apoptotic cell clearance." Journal of Immunology 208, no. 1_Supplement (2022): 46.05. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.208.supp.46.05.

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Abstract Chemokines constitute a large family of small cytokines that regulate leukocyte migration in immunity and inflammation, some of which also have direct bacteria-killing properties. While the molecular mechanism by which chemokines kill bacteria remains poorly understood, chemokines mediate cell migration by interacting with cell surface glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). We have discovered that many chemokines interact with high affinity with anionic membrane phospholipids, including phosphatidylserine (PS) and cardiolipin (CL) which are selectively expo

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Svirshchevskaya, Elena V., Mariya V. Konovalova, Eugene V. Snezhkov, Rimma A. Poltavtseva, and Sergey B. Akopov. "Chemokine Homeostasis in Healthy Volunteers and during Pancreatic and Colorectal Tumor Growth in Murine Models." Current Issues in Molecular Biology 44, no. 10 (2022): 4987–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cimb44100339.

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Chemokines are involved in the humoral regulation of body homeostasis. Changes in the blood level of chemokines were found in cancer, atherosclerosis, diabetes, and other systemic diseases. It is essential to distinguish the effects of co-morbid pathologies and cancer on the level of chemokines in the blood. We aimed to analyze, by multiplex cytometry, the levels of chemokines in the blood of healthy young volunteers as well as of intact mice and mice with CT26 colon and Pan02 pancreatic tumors. Two types of chemokines were identified both in human and murine plasmas: homeostatic ones, which w

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Li, Hui. "Update on the role of Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors in Liver Fibrosis." Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases 32, no. 2 (2023): 241–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15403/jgld-4660.

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Chemokines play a critical role in cell migration and activation through binding to G-protein coupled cell- surface receptors with seven transmembrane domains. Chemokines are subdivided into four superfamilies including the CC, the CXC, the CX3C and the C families and the receptors of chemokines also segregate into four families including the CCR, CXCR, CX3CR and XCR families. Most chemokine receptors can bind to more than one chemokine and some chemokines also can bind to more than one receptor. There is ligand- receptor restriction during the binding of chemokines and special receptors. Inte

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Ermakov, Evgeny A., Irina A. Mednova, Anastasiia S. Boiko, Valentina N. Buneva, and Svetlana A. Ivanova. "Chemokine Dysregulation and Neuroinflammation in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 3 (2023): 2215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032215.

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Chemokines are known to be immunoregulatory proteins involved not only in lymphocyte chemotaxis to the site of inflammation, but also in neuromodulation, neurogenesis, and neurotransmission. Multiple lines of evidence suggest a peripheral proinflammatory state and neuroinflammation in at least a third of patients with schizophrenia. Therefore, chemokines can be active players in these processes. In this systematic review, we analyzed the available data on chemokine dysregulation in schizophrenia and the association of chemokines with neuroinflammation. It has been shown that there is a genetic

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Pontejo, Sergio M., and Philip M. Murphy. "Chemokines act as phosphatidylserine-bound “find-me” signals in apoptotic cell clearance." PLOS Biology 19, no. 5 (2021): e3001259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001259.

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Removal of apoptotic cells is essential for maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Chemotactic cues termed “find-me” signals attract phagocytes toward apoptotic cells, which selectively expose the anionic phospholipid phosphatidylserine (PS) and other “eat-me” signals to distinguish healthy from apoptotic cells for phagocytosis. Blebs released by apoptotic cells can deliver find-me signals; however, the mechanism is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that apoptotic blebs generated in vivo from mouse thymus attract phagocytes using endogenous chemokines bound to the bleb surface. We show that

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Choi, Young Bong, and John Nicholas. "Autocrine and Paracrine Promotion of Cell Survival and Virus Replication by Human Herpesvirus 8 Chemokines." Journal of Virology 82, no. 13 (2008): 6501–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02396-07.

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ABSTRACT Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), which is associated with the endothelial tumor Kaposi's sarcoma, encodes three CC/β-chemokines. These are expressed early during productive (lytic) infection and are believed to be involved in immune evasion, in addition to viral pathogenesis via induction of angiogenic cytokines. Here we report that two of the HHV-8 chemokines, CCR8 agonists vCCL-1 and vCCL-2, have direct effects on endothelial survival and virus replication. The v-chemokines stimulated virus replication when added to infected cultures exogenously, and CCR8 knockdown absent v-chemokine su

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Zhang, Peng-Fei, Chuang Wang, Le Zhang, and Qiu Li. "Reversing chemokine/chemokine receptor mismatch to enhance the antitumor efficacy of CAR-T cells." Immunotherapy 14, no. 6 (2022): 459–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/imt-2021-0228.

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Currently, the antitumor efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor T cells in solid tumors is modest. Both chemokines and their receptors play a key role in the proliferation of cancer cells, tumor angiogenesis, organ-selective metastasis and migration of immune cells to solid tumors. Unfortunately, frequent chemokine/chemokine receptor ‘mismatch’ between effector cells and the tumor microenvironment results in inefficient T-cell infiltration and antitumor efficacy. Thus, reversing the ‘mismatch’ of chemokines and chemokine receptors appears to be a promising method for promoting T-cell infiltrati

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Matsumoto, Ari, Miki Hiroi, Kazumasa Mori, Nobuharu Yamamoto, and Yoshihiro Ohmori. "Differential Anti-Tumor Effects of IFN-Inducible Chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 on a Mouse Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Line." Medical Sciences 11, no. 2 (2023): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medsci11020031.

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Chemokines are a group of cytokines involved in the mobilization of leukocytes, which play a role in host defense and a variety of pathological conditions, including cancer. Interferon (IFN)-inducible chemokines C-X-C motif ligand 9 (CXCL), CXCL10, and CXCL11 are anti-tumor chemokines; however, the differential anti-tumor effects of IFN-inducible chemokines are not completely understood. In this study, we investigated the anti-tumor effects of IFN-inducible chemokines by transferring chemokine expression vectors into a mouse squamous cell carcinoma cell line, SCCVII, to generate a cell line st

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Olson, Timothy S., and Klaus Ley. "Chemokines and chemokine receptors in leukocyte trafficking." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 283, no. 1 (2002): R7—R28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00738.2001.

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Chemokines regulate inflammation, leukocyte trafficking, and immune cell differentiation. The role of chemokines in homing of naive T lymphocytes to secondary lymphatic organs is probably the best understood of these processes, and information on chemokines in inflammation, asthma, and neurological diseases is rapidly increasing. Over the past 15 years, understanding of the size and functional complexity of the chemokine family of peptide chemoattractants has grown substantially. In this review, we first present information regarding the structure, expression, and signaling properties of chemo

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Xiao, Qiang, Jingyu Sun, Tina Rose, Dmitri Samovski, and Phillip Stahl. "Cytokine/chemokine secretion profiles in differentiated mouse muscle cells (P6341)." Journal of Immunology 190, no. 1_Supplement (2013): 184.32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.190.supp.184.32.

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Abstract Cytokines and Chemokines are a group of small proteins that are secreted primarily from immune cells and play essential roles in inflammation and infectious disease. Over the past decade, a great number of studies have demonstrated that some cytokines/chemokines are also secreted from adipocytes (adipokines), hepatocytes (hepatokines), and myocytes (myokines). These non-immune-cell secreted cytokines/chemokines are involved in the regulation of metabolic homeostasis as well as the development of metabolic diseases such as diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. To further stud

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Ji, Guang. "Advances in Research on the Role of Chemokines in Occurrence and Development of Autoimmune Thyroid Disease." Infection International 4, no. 3 (2015): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ii-2017-0108.

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AbstractChemokines can be divided into four categories: α, β, γ, and δ. Chemokine α is related to neutrophil chemotaxis. Chemokine β is correlated with adsorption of monocytes, basophils, and eosinophils. Chemokine γ is mainly a lymphocyte chemokine. Function of chemokine δ remains unclear. Chemokines α and β are primarily related to occurrence and development of autoimmune thyroid disease. This study reviews chemokines and their receptors that are related to Graves’ disease and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.

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van Berkel, Victor, John Barrett, H. Lee Tiffany, et al. "Identification of a Gammaherpesvirus Selective Chemokine Binding Protein That Inhibits Chemokine Action." Journal of Virology 74, no. 15 (2000): 6741–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.74.15.6741-6747.2000.

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ABSTRACT Chemokines are involved in recruitment and activation of hematopoietic cells at sites of infection and inflammation. The M3 gene of γHV68, a gamma-2 herpesvirus that infects and establishes a lifelong latent infection and chronic vasculitis in mice, encodes an abundant secreted protein during productive infection. The M3 gene is located in a region of the genome that is transcribed during latency. We report here that the M3 protein is a high-affinity broad-spectrum chemokine scavenger. The M3 protein bound the CC chemokines human regulated upon activation of normal T-cell expressed an

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McKenna, Sophie, Sean Patrick Giblin, Rosemarie Anne Bunn, Yingqi Xu, Stephen John Matthews, and James Edward Pease. "A highly efficient method for the production and purification of recombinant human CXCL8." PLOS ONE 16, no. 10 (2021): e0258270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258270.

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Chemokines play diverse and fundamental roles in the immune system and human disease, which has prompted their structural and functional characterisation. Production of recombinant chemokines that are folded and bioactive is vital to their study but is limited by the stringent requirements of a native N-terminus for receptor activation and correct disulphide bonding required to stabilise the chemokine fold. Even when expressed as fusion proteins, overexpression of chemokines in E. coli tends to result in the formation of inclusion bodies, generating the additional steps of solubilisation and r

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Red-Horse, Kristy, Penelope M. Drake, and Susan J. Fisher. "Human pregnancy: the role of chemokine networks at the fetal–maternal interface." Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine 6, no. 11 (2004): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1462399404007720.

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Chemokines are multifunctional molecules initially described as having a role in leukocyte trafficking and later found to participate in developmental processes such as differentiation and directed migration. Similar events occur in pregnancy during development of the fetal–maternal interface, where there is extensive leukocyte trafficking and tissue morphogenesis, and this is accompanied by abundant chemokine expression. The relationship between chemokines, leukocytes and placental development is beginning to be delineated. During pregnancy a specialised population of maternal leukocytes infi

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Luesink, Maaike, Jeroen L. A. Pennings, Willemijn M. Wissink, et al. "Chemokine induction by all-trans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide in acute promyelocytic leukemia: triggering the differentiation syndrome." Blood 114, no. 27 (2009): 5512–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2009-02-204834.

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Abstract In acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), differentiation therapy with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and/or arsenic trioxide can induce a differentiation syndrome (DS) with massive pulmonary infiltration of differentiating leukemic cells. Because chemokines are implicated in migration and extravasation of leukemic cells, chemokines might play a role in DS. ATRA stimulation of the APL cell line NB4 induced expression of multiple CC-chemokines (CCLs) and their receptors (> 19-fold), resulting in increased chemokine levels and chemotaxis. Induction of CCL2 and CCL24 was directly mediate

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McKimmie, C. S., and G. J. Graham. "Leucocyte expression of the chemokine scavenger D6." Biochemical Society Transactions 34, no. 6 (2006): 1002–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0341002.

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Abstract (sommario):

Selective sequestration of inflammatory chemokines is critical for the successful resolution of inflammatory responses in vivo. D6 is an atypical chemokine receptor that scavenges inflammatory chemokines and is pivotal in resolving models of chemokine-driven cutaneous inflammation. We provide evidence that expression of D6 is not limited to the lymphatic endothelium at sites of inflammation as previously believed. Instead we postulate that D6 expression in leucocytes may have a significant impact upon chemokine bioavailability during the resolution phase of inflammation. D6 expressed on the ly

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Kaffashi, Kimia, Didier Dréau, and Irina V. Nesmelova. "Heterodimers Are an Integral Component of Chemokine Signaling Repertoire." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 14 (2023): 11639. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411639.

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Abstract (sommario):

Chemokines are a family of signaling proteins that play a crucial role in cell–cell communication, cell migration, and cell trafficking, particularly leukocytes, under both normal and pathological conditions. The oligomerization state of chemokines influences their biological activity. The heterooligomerization occurs when multiple chemokines spatially and temporally co-localize, and it can significantly affect cellular responses. Recently, obligate heterodimers have emerged as tools to investigate the activities and molecular mechanisms of chemokine heterodimers, providing valuable insights i

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Huang, Ziwei, Santosh Kumar, Won-Tak Choi, et al. "A New Class of Chemokine Analogs as Useful Research Tools to Study Chemokine Receptor Function and Promising Therapeutic Agents." Blood 104, no. 11 (2004): 3839. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.3839.3839.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract Chemokine receptors play important roles in many physiological processes and are implicated in a wide range of human diseases including acute respiratory distress syndrome, allergic asthma, psoriasis, arthritis, multiple sclerosis, cancer, atherosclerosis and most notably AIDS. To enable the applications of chemokine ligands as probes of receptor biology and pharmacology, and inhibitors of diseases mediated by chemokine receptors, a major problem with the lack of receptor selectivity of these natural chemokines must be overcome. In this study, we have developed a chemical approach com

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Segerer, Stephan, and Peter J. Nelson. "Chemokines in Renal Diseases." Scientific World JOURNAL 5 (2005): 835–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2005.105.

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Abstract (sommario):

The chemokines, members of a large family of chemotactic cytokines, act as directional cues for sorting inflammatory cell subsets to sites of inflammation or lymphoid microenvironments. In addition to their effects on migration, chemokines can also activate effector function in leukocytes and are involved in cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Therefore, it is not surprising that chemokines play important roles in a wide range of human diseases, including genetic immunodeficiencies, infections, autoimmune diseases, and malignant tumors. In this report, we have reviewed recent developments (si

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Groblewska, Magdalena, Ala Litman-Zawadzka, and Barbara Mroczko. "The Role of Selected Chemokines and Their Receptors in the Development of Gliomas." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 10 (2020): 3704. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21103704.

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Abstract (sommario):

Among heterogeneous primary tumors of the central nervous system (CNS), gliomas are the most frequent type, with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) characterized with the worst prognosis. In their development, certain chemokine/receptor axes play important roles and promote proliferation, survival, metastasis, and neoangiogenesis. However, little is known about the significance of atypical receptors for chemokines (ACKRs) in these tumors. The objective of the study was to present the role of chemokines and their conventional and atypical receptors in CNS tumors. Therefore, we performed a thorough s

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42

Taub, D. D., T. J. Sayers, C. R. Carter, and J. R. Ortaldo. "Alpha and beta chemokines induce NK cell migration and enhance NK-mediated cytolysis." Journal of Immunology 155, no. 8 (1995): 3877–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.155.8.3877.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract Chemokines have been shown to play an important role in both the adhesion and migration of numerous leukocytic cell types, including granulocytes, monocytes, mast cells, and T lymphocytes. However, the biologic effects of chemokines on NK cells remain to be defined. Chemotaxis studies using purified human NK cells and a panel of human recombinant chemokines revealed that macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1 alpha and IFN-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) are potent NK cell chemoattractants in vitro. Modest but significant chemotactic (not chemokinetic) responses were also observed in re

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Chan, Pei-Chi, and Po-Shiuan Hsieh. "The Chemokine Systems at the Crossroads of Inflammation and Energy Metabolism in the Development of Obesity." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 24 (2021): 13528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222413528.

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Abstract (sommario):

Obesity is characterized as a complex and multifactorial excess accretion of adipose tissue accompanied with alterations in the immune and metabolic responses. Although the chemokine systems have been documented to be involved in the control of tissue inflammation and metabolism, the dual role of chemokines and chemokine receptors in the pathogenesis of the inflammatory milieu and dysregulated energy metabolism in obesity remains elusive. The objective of this review is to present an update on the link between chemokines and obesity-related inflammation and metabolism dysregulation under the l

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44

Frangogiannis, Nikolaos. "Chemokines in ischemia and reperfusion." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 97, no. 05 (2007): 738–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th07-01-0022.

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Abstract (sommario):

SummaryChemokine signaling plays an important role in the postischemic inflammatory response. Overlapping pathways involving reactive oxygen intermediates,Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation, the complement cascade and the nuclear factor (NF)- κ B system induce both CXC and CC chemokines in ischemic tissues. Reperfusion accentuates chemokine expression promoting an intense inflammatory reaction. ELR-containing CXC chemokines regulate neutrophil infiltration in the ischemic area, whereas CXCR3 ligands may mediate recruitment of Th1 cells. CC chemokines, on the other hand, induce mononuclear cel

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45

Miles, Alice, Evaggelia Liaskou, Bertus Eksteen, Patricia F. Lalor та David H. Adams. "CCL25 and CCL28 promote α4β7-integrin-dependent adhesion of lymphocytes to MAdCAM-1 under shear flow". American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 294, № 5 (2008): G1257—G1267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00266.2007.

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Abstract (sommario):

Inflammatory bowel disease is characterized by the recruitment of lymphocytes to the gut via mucosal vessels. Chemokines are believed to trigger α4β1- and α4β7-integrin-mediated adhesion to vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1) on mucosal vessels, although the contribution of each pathway and the chemokines involved are not well characterized. These interactions occur under conditions of hemodynamic shear, which is critical in determining how lymphocytes integrate chemokine signals to promote transmigration. To define the role of s

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46

De Zutter, Alexandra, Jo Van Damme, and Sofie Struyf. "The Role of Post-Translational Modifications of Chemokines by CD26 in Cancer." Cancers 13, no. 17 (2021): 4247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13174247.

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Abstract (sommario):

Chemokines are a large family of small chemotactic cytokines that fulfill a central function in cancer. Both tumor-promoting and -impeding roles have been ascribed to chemokines, which they exert in a direct or indirect manner. An important post-translational modification that regulates chemokine activity is the NH2-terminal truncation by peptidases. CD26 is a dipeptidyl peptidase (DPPIV), which typically clips a NH2-terminal dipeptide from the chemokine. With a certain degree of selectivity in terms of chemokine substrate, CD26 only recognizes chemokines with a penultimate proline or alanine.

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47

Szekanecz, Zoltan. "Chemokines and chemokine receptors in arthritis." Frontiers in Bioscience S2, no. 1 (2010): 153–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2741/s53.

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48

Bonecchi, Raffaella. "Chemokines and chemokine receptors: an overview." Frontiers in Bioscience Volume, no. 14 (2009): 540. http://dx.doi.org/10.2741/3261.

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49

Egido, Jesús. "Chemokines, chemokine receptors and renal disease." Kidney International 56, no. 1 (1999): 347–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00551.x.

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50

Nelson, Peter J., and Alan M. Krensky. "Chemokines, Chemokine Receptors, and Allograft Rejection." Immunity 14, no. 4 (2001): 377–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1074-7613(01)00118-2.

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