Tesi: "Coalition strategy"

1

Jarrett, Nathaniel W. "Collective Security and Coalition: British Grand Strategy, 1783-1797". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc984129/.

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On 1 February 1793, the National Convention of Revolutionary France declared war on Great Britain and the Netherlands, expanding the list of France's enemies in the War of the First Coalition. Although British Prime Minister William Pitt the Younger had predicted fifteen years of peace one year earlier, the French declaration of war initiated nearly a quarter century of war between Britain and France with only a brief respite during the Peace of Amiens. Britain entered the war amid both a nadir in British diplomacy and internal political divisions over the direction of British foreign policy. After becoming prime minister in 1783 in the aftermath of the War of American Independence, Pitt pursued financial and naval reform to recover British strength and cautious interventionism to end Britain's diplomatic isolation in Europe. He hoped to create a collective security system based on the principles of the territorial status quo, trade agreements, neutral rights, and resolution of diplomatic disputes through mediation - armed mediation if necessary. While his domestic measures largely met with success, Pitt's foreign policy suffered from a paucity of like-minded allies, contradictions between traditional hostility to France and emergent opposition to Russian expansion, Britain's limited ability to project power on the continent, and the even more limited will of Parliament to support such interventionism. Nevertheless, Pitt's collective security goal continued to shape British strategy in the War of the First Coalition, and the same challenges continued to plague the British war effort. This led to failure in the war and left the British fighting on alone after the Treaty of Campo Formio secured peace between France and its last continental foe, Austria, on 18 October 1797.

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2

Hanssen, Tor-Erik. "Coalition strategy in complex conflicts : the strategic behaviour of three NATO-states in Afghanistan 2003-2008". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2014. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/coalition-strategy-in-complex-conflicts(9deeb416-489a-46c3-87e7-86f2fc47e7ad).html.

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Two of the main challenges in contemporary strategy are the challenges of complex conflicts and the increased reliance on alliances and coalitions. This study explores the challenges of coalition strategy in the complex conflict of Afghanistan through the strategic behaviour of three NATO-states, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands and Norway from 2003 to 2008. The study argues that the use of alliances and coalitions is and will remain one of the most important features of contemporary strategy. Given the size and character of contemporary coalitions and alliances, an essential part of any coalition’s strategy both in development and execution will reside with a coalition’s lesser members. Understanding how these lesser coalition members develop and implement strategy will be of great importance to the effectiveness of contemporary and future coalitions. The three states analysed in this study are the United Kingdom, the Netherlands and Norway, three states who faced similar challenges in Afghanistan. The strategic behaviour of these cases is analysed through the lens of strategic theory from which the framework of analysis was developed. The study found that the three states’ interpretations of ISAF’s aims were remarkably different and that this impacted their strategies significantly. The study also found that as the lesser coalition partners’ purpose behind joining the coalition was only indirectly linked to the complex conflict of Afghanistan itself, the lesser members struggled to generate the political involvement that is crucial to the development of a clear and relevant strategy. Further, the study also found that this lack of political involvement had its main source in the lack of proper strategic institutions and procedures in each state’s civil-military relations structure, but was also clearly impacted by the states’ strategic thinking. The study challenges certain elements of traditional and contemporary theory on strategy and civil-military relations with respect to the lack of realism in strategic theory and an over-emphasis on structures in current civil-military relations theory.

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3

Präntare, Fredrik. "Simultaneous coalition formation and task assignment in a real-time strategy game". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Artificiell intelligens och integrerade datorsystem, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-139210.

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In this thesis we present an algorithm that is designed to improve the collaborative capabilities of agents that operate in real-time multi-agent systems. Furthermore, we study the coalition formation and task assignment problems in the context of real-time strategy games. More specifically, we design and present a novel anytime algorithm for multi-agent cooperation that efficiently solves the simultaneous coalition formation and assignment problem, in which disjoint coalitions are formed and assigned to independent tasks simultaneously. This problem, that we denote the problem of collaboration formation, is a combinatorial optimization problem that has many real-world applications, including assigning disjoint groups of workers to regions or tasks, and forming cross-functional teams aimed at solving specific problems. The algorithm's performance is evaluated using randomized artificial problems sets of varying complexity and distribution, and also using Europa Universalis 4 – a commercial strategy game in which agents need to cooperate in order to effectively achieve their goals. The agents in such games are expected to decide on actions in real-time, and it is a difficult task to coordinate them. Our algorithm, however, solves the coordination problem in a structured manner. The results from the artificial problem sets demonstrates that our algorithm efficiently solves the problem of collaboration formation, and does so by automatically discarding suboptimal parts of the search space. For instance, in the easiest artificial problem sets with 12 agents and 8 tasks, our algorithm managed to find optimal solutions after only evaluating approximately 0.000003% of the possible solutions. In the hardest of the problem sets with 12 agents and 8 tasks, our algorithm managed to find a 80% efficient solution after only evaluating approximately 0.000006% of the possible solutions.
I denna uppsats presenteras en ny algoritm som är designad för att förbättra samarbetsförmågan hos agenter som verkar i realtidssystem. Vi studerar även koalitionsbildnings- och uppgiftstilldelningsproblemen inom realtidsstrategispel, och löser dessa problem optimalt genom att utveckla en effektiv anytime-algoritm som löser det kombinerade koalitionsbildnings- och uppgiftstilldelningsproblemet, inom vilket disjunkta koalitioner formas och tilldelas uppgifter. Detta problem, som vi kallar samarbetsproblemet, är en typ av optimeringsproblem som har många viktiga motsvarigheter i verkligheten, exempelvis för skapandet av arbetsgrupper som skall lösa specifika problem, eller för att ta fram optimala tvärfunktionella team med tilldelade uppgifter. Den presenterade algoritmens prestanda utvärderas dels genom att använda simulerade problem av olika svårighetsgrad, men också genom att använda verkliga problembeskrivningar från det kommersiella strategispelet Europa Universalis 4, vilket är ett spel som agenter måste samarbeta i för att effektivt uppnå deras mål. Att koordinera agenter i sådana spel är svårt, men vår algoritm åstadkommer detta genom att systematiskt söka efter de optimala agentgrupperingarna för ett antal givna uppgifter. Resultaten från de simulerade problemen visar att vår algoritm effektivt löser samarbetsproblemet genom att systematiskt sålla bort suboptimala delar av sökrymden. I dessa tester lyckas vår algoritm generera högkvalitativa anytime-lösningar. Till exempel, i de enklaste problemen med 12 agenter och 8 uppgifter lyckas vår algoritm hitta den optimala lösningen efter det att den endast utvärderat 0.000003% av de möjliga lösningarna. I de svåraste problemen med 12 agenter och 8 uppgifter lyckas vår algoritm hitta en lösning som är 80% från den optimala lösningen efter det att den endast utvärderat 0.000006% av de möjliga samarbetsstrukturerna.

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4

Baker, William C. "Capital Ships, Commerce, and Coalition: British Strategy in the Mediterranean Theater, 1793". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc699881/.

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In 1793, Great Britain embarked on a war against Revolutionary France to reestablish a balance of power in Europe. Traditional assessments among historians consider British war planning at the ministerial level during the First Coalition to be incompetent and haphazard. This work reassesses decision making of the leading strategists in the British Cabinet in the development of a theater in the Mediterranean by examining political, diplomatic, and military influences. William Pitt the Younger and his controlling ministers pursued a conservative strategy in the Mediterranean, reliant on Allies in the region to contain French armies and ideas inside the Alps and the Pyrenees. Dependent on British naval power, the Cabinet sought to weaken the French war effort by targeting trade in the region. Throughout the first half of 1793, the British government remained fixed on this conservative, traditional approach to France. However, with the fall of Toulon in August of 1793, decisions made by Admiral Samuel Hood in command of forces in the Mediterranean radicalized British policy towards the Revolution while undermining the construct of the Coalition. The inconsistencies in strategic thought political decisions created stagnation, wasting the opportunities gained by the Counter-revolutionary movements in southern France. As a result, reinvigorated French forces defeated Allied forces in detail in the fall of 1793.

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5

Millar, Russell W. "The development of Anglo-American Naval strategy in the period of the second world war,1938-1941". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.558406.

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6

Hamstra, Eric J. "Information operations in Iraq the Mufsiddoon versus the U.S. and Coalition forces /". Quantico, VA : Marine Corps Command and Staff College, 2008. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA491182.

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7

Trefren, Jennie Lee. "The Emergence of the Wyoming Core Area Strategy: "The Sage Grouse Rebellion"". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42650.

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This research sought to explain the emergence of the Wyoming Core Area Strategy (WCAS), a state-based Greater Sage Grouse conservation plan. It presents a theoretical framework that is based on and adds nuance to the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF). The hypothesis this study explored was: if a subsystemâ s jurisdiction is threatened by a hierarchically superior subsystemâ s policy outputs and this jurisdiction is necessary to meet the threatened subsystemâ s goals, then policy change may occur as a result of a strategy by the agents in the threatened subsystem. The data used to examine the hypothesis included expert interviews, historical documents, and interviews from media sources (secondary source interviews). The hypothesis was supported; the WCAS emerged because the Endangered Species Act listing outputs within the Species Conservation Policy Subsystem threatened the Wyoming Land Use Policy (WLUP) Subsystemâ s jurisdiction, which was necessary to meet the WLUP Subsystemâ s economic and lifestyle goals; the Governor of Wyoming drove the development and enactment of the WCAS as a strategy to retain jurisdiction. The research demonstrated that in order to fully account for the WCASâ s emergence, a less mechanistic view of the framework, one that accounts for the ability of agents in a subsystem to act strategically, was needed. The research also demonstrated that the Greater Sage Grouse conservation benefited from the ESA listing process despite its warranted but precluded listing status. The time frame the research explored was 2002 through March 2012.
Master of Arts

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8

Shu, Robert. "Japan's strategic future : coalition operations /". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Mar%5FShu.pdf.

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9

Medler, Alex. "A strategic coalitions framework: Conflict over education policy within and between coalitions". Connect to online resource, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3315806.

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10

Hannäs, Matilda. "The formulation and interpretation of global IS/IT-strategies : A study of Swedish-Argentinean Coalitions". Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Business Informatics, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-299.

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Background: The notion of IT strategies has changed during recent years, because our perspectives towards IT in the organizations have changed. We expect IT to be fulfilling business goals and lever-age business opportunities and we have strengthened the role of IT in the supply chain. Our individual view on IT, whether it is strategic or supportive, whether the infrastructure should be standard-ized or individualized etc., most likely affects how IT strategies are interpreted and conducted in the organization. This is critical in companies who have their subsidiaries on foreign land. It is not obvi-ous that managers in different countries interpret the IT strategy the same way, just because it happens to be the same company. In most large global coalitions, a common central strategy for IT is the standard. I have chosen to examine Argentinean subsidiaries to Swedish companies as an example. Eight research questions were formulated, with the purpose of finding what is included in a generic IS/IT strategy, if the perspectives of managers are in line with the theory, whether views are consistent throughout the concern, and determine the challenges of global IS/IT management.

Purpose: This paper aims at finding the generic parts in a IS/IT strategy formulation and explain how business management and IT specialists of global coalitions interpret the concept IS/IT strat-egy. A sub-purpose is to define the priorities in global IS/IT management. The analysis of the paper culminates in a model - “the interpretation of IS/IT strategies”, with the ambition to give guidelines for managers and strategy formulators in a global environment.

Method: The study is of qualitative, exploratory and explanatory type, it has a descriptive part and a theory enhancing rational. By a thorough literature study and a pre- study I wished to explore and shed light on the perplexities in IS/IT management, nationally and globally. The broad research spectrum was a conscious choice to cover the complex area of IS/IT strategy and the various people affected. By conducting interviews; through questions and observations I also aimed at describing and explaining how IS/IT strategies are interpreted in practice. As a result of my hermeneutic research approach I am drawing conclusions from the similarities and dissimilarities I found in the different perceptions and relate it to the result of previous studies. The idea is thus to combine these insights in order to enhance theory in the area.

Analysis and result: what could be determined from the analysis is:

• IS/IT strategy composed of strategic planning, alignment between business- and IT, competitive advantage, knowledge management, responsibilities, system architecture, interaction and security.

• No “generic” strategy exists. A good strategy for a global coalition is forward-looking and flexible and frequently evaluated. The strategy gives competitive advantage if leveraged; the results are related to IS paradigm view.

• IT people proves short sighted while business/strategy management have long term perspective, which contradicts Earl, (1999). The difference could be due to culture in this case. The organiza-tional structure does not determine IT architecture, which contradicts King Sethi (1999).

• Managers and IT people are generally not in agreement. Interpretations of strategy are not consistent in global firms. Managers and not IT people need to take responsibility for the formulation and realization of the strategy. This is in accordance with Axelsson, (1995).

The implications to managers are: The organizational structure chosen should not be steering the politics for architecture, moreover that IT specialists with a technical view can not be responsible for strategy work or global standards. Managers are encouraged to develop knowledge management, to include intellectual assets in the IS/IT strategy and work with culture enhancement programs.

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11

Xue, Licun. "Coalitional stability in strategic situations". Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40287.

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In many (social, economic, and political) strategic situations, conflict and cooperations coexist and group (or coalitional) behavior is as important as individual behavior. This dissertation studies several issues in such situations.
Chapter 1 provides an overview of the theoretical background and motivates the analysis undertaken.
Chapter 2 analyzes strategic situations with diverse coalitional interactions to ascertain the "stable" outcomes that will not be replaced by any rational (hence farsighted) coalition of individuals, and the coalitions that are likely to form. The analysis takes into full account the perfect foresight of rational individuals, which has been overlooked in the literature.
Chapter 3 defines "negotiation-proof Nash equilibrium", a notion that applies to environments where players can negotiate openly and directly prior to the play of a noncooperative game. The merit of the notion of negotiation-proof Nash equilibrium is twofold: (1) It resolves the nestedness and myopia embedded in the notion of coalition-proof Nash equilibrium. (2) The negotiation process, which is formalized by a "graph", serves as a natural alternative to the approach that models pre-play communication by an extensive form game.
Chapter 4 examines the notion of "renegotiation-proofness" in infinitely repeated games. It is shown that imposing renegotiation in all contingencies creates both conceptual and technical difficulties. A notion of self-enforcing agreements is offered: an agreement is self-enforcing if it is immune to any deviation by any coalition which cannot (confidently) count on renegotiation.

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12

Dai, Zhiyu. "Coalitional game approach for cooperation strategy in cognitive radio networks". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/49947.

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Cognitive radio networks (CRNs) provide an effective solution to address the increasing demand for spectrum resources. The cooperation among secondary users (SUs) improves the sensing performance and spectrum efficiency. In this thesis, we study a traffic-demand based cooperative spectrum sensing and access strategy in a CRN with multiple SUs and multiple primary users (PUs). In the proposed strategy, each SU makes its own cooperation decision according to its traffic demand. When the SU has a high traffic demand, it selectively chooses channels to sense and access. When it has no data to transmit, it can choose not to perform sensing and save energy for future transmission. In the first part of the thesis, we study the traffic demand-based cooperation strategy in CRNs, in which each SU senses at most one channel during a time slot. We formulate this problem as a non-transferable utility (NTU) coalition formation game, in which each SU receives a coalition value that takes into account the expected throughput and energy efficiency. In order to obtain the final coalition structure, we propose a sequential coalition formation (SCF) algorithm. Simulation results show that our proposed algorithm achieves a higher throughput and energy efficiency than a previously proposed coalition formation algorithm in [1]. In the second part of this thesis, we extend the cooperation strategy problem in CRNs by enabling each SU to sense multiple channels during the sensing stage. We formulate the problem as an NTU overlapping coalitional game. We propose an overlapping coalition formation (OCF) algorithm to obtain a stable coalition structure. The proposed OCF algorithm is proved to converge after a finite number of iterations. We also modify the SCF algorithm proposed in the first part of this thesis to address the problem in the new system model. The modified SCF algorithm requires a lower number of iterations and involves less information exchange among SUs. Moreover, an adaptive transmission power control scheme is proposed for SUs to further improve their energy efficiency. Simulation results show that our proposed algorithms achieve a higher throughput than the disjoint coalition formation (DCF) algorithm.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of
Graduate

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13

Newton, Jonathan Charles Scott. "Essays on coalitional behaviour, social learning & strategic information transmission". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609307.

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14

Kuhn, Thomas, Radomir Pestow e Anja Zenker. "Self-Enforcing Climate Coalitions and Preferential Free Trade Areas". Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-193118.

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In this paper, we discuss the endogenous formation of self-enforcing climate coalitions linked to the issue of a free trade agreement. As a framework, a strategic trade model is used in which countries may discourage greenhouse gas emissions by means of an import tariff on dirty goods. In addition, countries can set an emissions cap being effective on a permit market. Our main focus, however, is on the utilization of terms of trade privileges provided to members of a preferential free trade area. We propose evidence for that the welfare gains of trade liberalization are strongly promoting the formation of climate coalitions. In the parametrical simulation of the model, global emissions as well as climate change damages are found significantly reduced compared to the BAU scenario while global welfare is found significantly higher.

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15

Kuhn, Thomas, Radomir Pestow e Anja Zenker. "Self-Enforcing Climate Coalitions and Preferential Free Trade Areas". Technische Universität Chemnitz, 2015. https://monarch.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A20378.

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In this paper, we discuss the endogenous formation of self-enforcing climate coalitions linked to the issue of a free trade agreement. As a framework, a strategic trade model is used in which countries may discourage greenhouse gas emissions by means of an import tariff on dirty goods. In addition, countries can set an emissions cap being effective on a permit market. Our main focus, however, is on the utilization of terms of trade privileges provided to members of a preferential free trade area. We propose evidence for that the welfare gains of trade liberalization are strongly promoting the formation of climate coalitions. In the parametrical simulation of the model, global emissions as well as climate change damages are found significantly reduced compared to the BAU scenario while global welfare is found significantly higher.

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16

Du, Preez Mari-Lise. "Is three a crowd or a coalition ? : India, Brazil and South Africa in the WTO /". Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/421.

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17

Ro, Youn-Gil. "Dominant coalitions and strategic choices in different business systems : a comparative analysis of BSC and Posco". Thesis, University of Manchester, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.632844.

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The thesis analyses the strategic choices of two major world steel producers - British Steel Corporation in the UK and Pohang Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. in Korea - from the late 1960s to 1989. For each organisation, a longitudinal analysis of 'dominant coalition' in top management is described in relation to the characteristics of different 'business systems (Whitley 1992)' in the two nation states. The two case studies explore why and how the processes and outcomes of a firm's choices differ significantly between the respective countries. In addition to the importance of the beliefs and understandings of the actors controlling scarce resources, we argue that social institutions exert considerable influence on the group behaviour of dominant coalitions and vitally affect their 'business systems' and the organisations' choices. We also point out at the end that the coalitions' control over the systems and choices is incomplete as long as they are bound by institutional rules and changes. Points of practical concern that deserve further research attention are summarised in the final chapter.

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18

Blanchette, C. Scott (Crispin Scott). "Re-examining the Battle of the Bulge : Assessing the Role of Strategic Intelligence and Coalition Warfare Against the 1944 Wehrmacht". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278607/.

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The 1944 German Ardennes offensive failed. It was overly ambitious, built on erroneous assumptions, insufficiently supported by logistics, and depended on the weather for success. Yet, the offensive achieved more than it should have given the strength and combat experience of the Allied armies in Europe. Previous attempts to explain the limited success of the German offensive have emphasized the failure of Allied strategic intelligence - Ultra. Intelligence is an accurate, but incomplete explanation for initial German success in the Ardennes. Three conditions allowed the Wehrmacht, approaching its manpower and logistical end, to crush the US First Army. First, coalition warfare so weakened the First Army that it became vulnerable to attack. Second, the Allies failed to develop a unified intelligence network capable of assessing the information that indicated the timing and target of the German attack. Finally, a well-executed German security and deception plan surprised the Allies. The well-executed German offensive manipulated both Allied intelligence and the Anglo-American coalition.

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19

Harnisch, Thomas Lee. "Exploring the Role of Business-Led Advocacy Coalitions as a Strategy to Elevate Public Higher Education as a State Funding Priority". Thesis, The George Washington University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3745477.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the ways in which business-led advocacy coalitions are developed, used, and maintained to advance higher education as a state budgetary priority; policy participants’ perceptions of the effectiveness of these coalitions in the state budget process, and factors that policy participants believe impede or facilitate business-led coalition advocacy on behalf of public higher education. To address these research questions, I employed a thematic analysis of qualitative data derived from interviews with policy participants and an analysis of documents in two states.

Themes garnered from the data indicated that the coalitions arose as the result of state economic downturns. The coalitions established and advanced public agendas that linked state needs, higher education reform, and increased funding for higher education. Coalition leaders maintained these efforts by combining long- and short-term goals, keeping stakeholders abreast of their progress, and celebrating successes. Policy participants perceived the coalitions to be effective because of the credibility they derived from their independence, economic understanding, and leadership experience. The effectiveness of coalitions was enhanced through access to policymakers, experienced and respected staff, and a far-reaching vision for higher education. Coalition advocacy was facilitated by higher education leaders’ dedication to improved campus performance, the identification of a cadre of business leaders who understand and believe in the purposes of public higher education, and continuous communication between business leaders and higher education officials. Despite these efforts, many policy participants stated that budgetary constraints still play a major role in determining funding levels.

The findings of the study signified that business-led advocacy coalitions can have a strong voice in making public higher education a state priority, but rely on a group of business leaders who believe in higher education, as well as a well-connected, experienced coalition staff that advances the coalition’s agenda. This study is relevant to higher education and political science because it adds to existing knowledge of the process in state higher education appropriations, provides clarity to the state-level political relationship between business and higher education, and offers new information on the role of state-level business coalition advocacy in higher education policy.

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20

Brangewitz, Sonja [Verfasser]. "Coalitional and strategic market games / Sonja Brangewitz. Fakultät für Wirtschaftswissenschaften. Institut für mathematische Wirtschaftsforschung". Bielefeld : Universitätsbibliothek Bielefeld, Hochschulschriften, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1020514183/34.

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21

Nohrstedt, Daniel. "Crisis and Policy Reformcraft : Advocacy Coalitions and Crisis-induced Change in Swedish Nuclear Energy Policy". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Department of Government, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7796.

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22

Avdellas, Nicholas John. "The Public-Private Dilemma: A Strategic Improvement Agenda for U.S. Department of Defense Depot Maintenance". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26847.

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Since the end of the Cold War, the Department of Defense (DoD) has been challenged to formulate and make strategic decisions, especially in areas related to the Departmentâ s â business operations.â Strategic decisions are those that focus on setting long-term organizational direction. This has proven difficult because a rather simplistic (and somewhat comforting) DoD organizational orientation toward an â either/orâ or â us versus themâ decision-making mindset that was once ubiquitous and appropriate, given the nature of political and military threats, has been hard to shake. This study reviews a particular manifestation of this dilemma: the decision-making arrangements associated with the provision of military depot maintenance services. An historical review of this topic shows a mixture of problems, progress, and promise. A strategic decision-making approach that draws upon Sabatier and Jenkins-Smithâ s Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) is proposed to improve the situation. It addresses key problems identified in the analysis and rests upon an approach to strategic decision making that is politically rational in nature. This approach, called a Strategic Improvement Agenda, is offered as a potential foil to the â us versus themâ orientation.
Ph. D.

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23

Nilsson, Peter. "Under vilka betingelser vinner stater mellanstatliga krig?" Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-1869.

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Det finns en uppfattning att antalet stater i en koalition har en negativ inverkan påsannolikheten för seger i krig. Flera författare beskriver de koordinations- ochinteroperabilitetsproblem som finns mellan stater i en koalition. Interoperabilitetbeskrivs som nyckeln till framtida krigföring. Denna uppsats bedömer dettapåstående genom att med en statistisk metod undersöka problemet. Syftet meduppsatsen är att med utgångspunkt från en teoretisk diskussion kvantitativtundersöka huruvida antalet stater utgör en betingelse för seger i ett krig. I denteoretiska diskussionen förklaras begreppet interoperabilitet. En hypotes formulerasmed grund i en teoretisk ansats. Denna ansats bygger på förkla ringsmodeller på dekoordinationsproblem, kultur- och språkskillnader som finns i mellanstatligtsamarbete. Två alternativa hypoteser formuleras också. Hypoteserna testas sedan,utnyttjande PROBIT regressionsanalys, med ett dataset inkluderande allamellanstatliga krig 1823-1990. Resultatet tyder på att hypotesen och den allmännauppfattningen om antalet stater i en koalition inte får något stöd. Deinteroperabilitetsproblem som finns mellan stater i en koalition är inte så generellaatt de påverkar utfallet av krig.
There is a common view that the number of states negatively influences theprobability of victory for coalitions. Many writers describe the coordinationandinteroperability problems existing between states inside coalitions.Interoperability is claimed as the key to future warfare; this essay assesses theclaim using a statistical method. The purpose of this essay is to study if thenumber of states is a condition for victory, based on theoretical discussion. Inthe theoretical discussion interoperability is defined. A hypothesis isformulated on the basis of a theoretical approach. This approach is built ondifferent models referring to the co-ordination, culture and language problemsthat exist in interstate co-operation. Two alternative hypotheses are alsoformulated. Using PROBIT regression the hypotheses are then tested on a dataset including all interstate wars from 1823 to 1990. It is found that the mainhypothesis is not supported. The interoperability problems that exist betweenstates in a coalition are not critical enough to influence the probability ofvictory in war.
Avdelning: ALB - Slutet Mag 3 C-upps.Hylla: Upps. ChP 00-02

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24

Ganser, Tim. "Politics and Policy: Essays in Economics". Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10407.

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This dissertation consists of three essays investigating questions of politics and policy. The first essay proposes an index that assigns probabilities to all majority coalitions. This index takes as inputs the seat shares and policy positions of the parties represented in parliament. In addition to providing coalition probabilities, it has some desirable properties lacking from the commonly used concept of the minimum-connected winning coalition. In an empirical test, the proposed index slightly outperforms the predictions generated by this standard concept. Furthermore, the probabilities generated by the index are shown to be empirically meaningful. The second essay proposes a model of voter decision-making in proportional representation systems: ultra-rational strategic voters construct expectations of coalitions and policy outcomes based on expected seat distributions and attributed policy positions and vote to maximize their expected utility. The predictions of the model are examined using data from the Netherlands and successfully predict the voting behavior of significant numbers of voters. Nevertheless, other factors matter more than the strategic prediction. Three main take-aways follow: (1) At least to some extent, voters seem to take complex coalition considerations into account. (2) There is a need for large-scale qualitative studies about voter decision-making in proportional representation systems. (3) Narrowly deﬁned strategic voting might matter less in proportional representation systems than in plurality systems. The third essay presents new data on effective corporate income tax rates in 85 countries in 2004. The data come from a survey, conducted jointly with the World Bank’s Doing Business unit and PricewaterhouseCoopers, of all taxes imposed on "the same" standardized mid-size domestic ﬁrm. In a cross-section of countries, the estimates of the effective corporate tax rate have a large adverse impact on aggregate investment, FDI, and entrepreneurial activity. Corporate tax rates are correlated with investment in manufacturing but not services, as well as with the size of the informal economy. The results are robust to the inclusion of many controls.

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Yasuda, Yumiko. "Going with the flow or swimming against the current? : the influence of rules and norms on advocacy strategies of NGO coalitions along the Mekong River". Thesis, University of Dundee, 2014. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/22195226-b0e8-42f6-8eec-a142ea3d61a9.

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Nongovernmental organisations (NGOs) have come to play a major role in contemporary governance systems, and particularly in the fields of water and the environment. Adopting a new institutional theoretical perspective, this thesis examines how rules and norms affect the advocacy strategies of coalitions of NGOs in Vietnam and Cambodia, utilising a comparative case study analysis of the Xayaburi hydropower dam planned on the Mekong River in Laos. The comparison was conducted between the Rivers Coalition in Cambodia and the Vietnam Rivers Network during the planning period for the dams in 2011-2013.The main findings of the study is that rules, norms, actors, biophysical and material conditions interact with each other in creating influence over advocacy strategies. Different patterns of interactions were identified; these are 1) complementary interactions between formal rules, informal rules and norms 2) competing interactions between formal rules, informal rules and norms. Actors play important roles in both of these forms of interactions. Through identification of the barriers and opportunities NGO actors face within the Mekong region, the thesis concludes with two recommendations: 1) modifications to the formal rules which could facilitate further integration of NGOs and civil society actors into decision-making processes of transboundary water governance and 2) use of analytical framework by NGO and civil society actors in identifying windows of opportunities for advocacy strategies.

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Scriffignano, Anthony James. "Strategic Asymmetric Multicultural Alliances in Business". Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1278017139.

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Dever, Kelly Ann. "Partners in Prevention of Substance Abuse (PIPSA) theory of change a formative evaluation in implementing community anti-drug coalitions of America's strategic planning framework /". [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0015725.

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Bueno, Aline Callegaro de Paula. "Uma coalizão de design para a transformação social : propondo diálogos estratégicos entre ecossistemas criativos". Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2018. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/7135.

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Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-08-06T13:19:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Aline Callegaro de Paula Bueno_.pdf: 6665595 bytes, checksum: 217a2a443156bef0a92b8d62089dedd8 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T13:19:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Aline Callegaro de Paula Bueno_.pdf: 6665595 bytes, checksum: 217a2a443156bef0a92b8d62089dedd8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-26
CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Em um panorama em que acentuam-se a desigualdade econômica, os prejuízos ao meio ambiente e a exclusão social, grupos de pessoas têm atuado para mudar a realidade que os cerca em busca de modos mais sustentáveis de vida. Tais grupos realizam atividades que promovem inovações sociais e representam possíveis alternativas à lógica dominante de produção, consumo e convívio. No âmbito do design estratégico, entende-se esses grupos de pessoas como ecossistemas criativos, em que diversos atores interagem e produzem ações inovadoras com potencial transformador. Em Porto Alegre, identificamos ecossistemas criativos que realizam processos e práticas de inovação social em termos de gestão de suas iniciativas, de produção, de resistência e de convívio social. São eles: as casas colaborativas, os espaços coletivos de produção, as ocupações urbanas e as moradias compartilhadas. Embora existam características específicas de cada um, eles possuem valores e propósitos convergentes que apontam para uma sociedade mais justa, igualitária, democrática e resiliente. Neste sentido, são iniciativas que colaboram para o alcance dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável elencados pela Organização das Nações Unidas em 2015. O objetivo desta pesquisa é explorar, pela perspectiva do design estratégico, a integração de tais ecossistemas criativos para que, com essa conexão, fortaleçam-se e sejam capazes de se configurar como uma alternativa viável à lógica dominante dos modos de ser e fazer, em especial na cidade de Porto Alegre. Para isso, mapeamos e analisamos suas atividades para que fosse possível propor, a partir de conceitos advindos de Manzini e Morin, uma coalizão de design através de diálogos estratégicos e de encontros colaborativos. Esta pesquisa busca, portanto, contribuir com as discussões sobre design para inovação social e sustentabilidade em um contexto brasileiro.
In a scenario where economic inequality, damage to the environment and social exclusion are accentuated, groups of people have been working to change the reality around them in search of more sustainable ways of living. Such groups carry out activities that promote social innovations and represent possible alternatives to the dominant logic of production, consumption and conviviality. In the scope of strategic design, these groups of people are understood as creative ecosystems, in which several actors interact and produce innovative actions with transforming potential. In Porto Alegre, we identified creative ecosystems that carry out processes and practices of social innovation in terms of managing their initiatives, production, resistance and social interaction. These are: collaborative houses, collective production spaces, urban occupations and shared housing. Although there are specific characteristics of each, they have convergent values and purposes that point to a more just, egalitarian, democratic and resilient society. In this sense, they are initiatives that collaborate to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals listed by the United Nations in 2015. The intention of this research is to explore, from a strategic design perspective, the integration of such creative ecosystems so that, with this connection, strengthen themselves and be able to configure themselves as a viable alternative to the dominant logic of the ways of being and doing, especially in the city of Porto Alegre. To do this, we mapped and analyzed its activities so that it was possible to propose, from concepts derived from Manzini and Morin, a design coalition through strategic dialogues and collaborative encounters. This research therefore seeks to contribute to the discussions about design for social innovation and sustainability in a Brazilian context.

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Searle, Deane. "Low Intensity Conflict: Contemporary Approaches and Strategic Thinking". The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2591.

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Low Intensity Conflict (LIC) is a significant feature of the contemporary world and it is a particular challenge to the armed forces of many states which are involved is such conflict, or are likely to become so. This thesis is not concerned with how such difficult conflict situations arise. Rather it is concerned with how, from the point of view of the state, they may be contained and ultimately brought to a satisfactory resolution. The work is thus concerned with the practicalities of ending LIC. More specifically, the purpose of this research is to establish a framework of doctrinal and military principles applicable to the prevention and resolution of LIC. The principles of this thesis are based in numerous historical examples of LIC and six in depth case studies. These distilled principles are analysed in two central chapters, and are then applied in two latter defence force chapters so as to ensure there practicality and resilience. Numerous defence academics and military practitioners have been consulted in the production of this thesis; their contribution has further reinforced the functionality of the principles examined in this research. The research illustrates the criticality of a holistic approach to LIC. The function of this approach is to guarantee the stability of the sovereign state, by unifying civil, police, intelligence and military services. The effectiveness of the military elements must also be ensured, as military force is central to the suppression of LIC. Consequently, the research makes strategic and operational prescriptions, so as to improve the capability of defence forces that are concerned with preventing or resolving LIC.

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Linnskog, Leif. "Technological Change in an International Industrial System". Doctoral thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Business, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-245.

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Industrial systems resist change, more often, because heavy production facilities and industrial constructions are expensive and have long economic lives, but also because people tend to defend ingrained conceptions of how things are and how activities ought to be performed. Starting out from the question: “How does technological change come about in an international, industrial system?” the thesis investigates the interplay between technological, social, and economic factors. Empirically the work is located to the steel and metals industries and covers business exchange within and between several economic entities performing international business operations.

It is shown that technological change is driven by strategic intention, but that it also occurs as a result of chance or “necessity”, or follows on everyday enterprise operations. In an attempt to realize strategic intentions actors involve in games of negotiation while referring to different power bases. Backed by organizational role (hierarchic level/managerial position), personal “luminosity” (charisma/leadership), or control over critical resources (that other actors are interested in) various arguments are put to the test on “the arena for negotiations and change”. While involving in negotiations actors may relate to existing business and/or social relations for support or they may take advantage of full-blown coalitions.

Constrained by the games of negotiation, which unfold in an institutional environment, the process of technological change adopts evidently evolutionary characteristics, and it follows implicitly that the single actor has at its disposal only limited possibilities to determine the process outcome. Technological change as an evolutionary process consists of three underlying sub-processes, viz. innovation, interaction, and institutionalization, it is argued.

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Senate, University of Arizona Faculty. "Faculty Senate Minutes February 5, 2018". University of Arizona Faculty Senate (Tucson, AZ), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/627053.

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Jones, Christopher Lyman. "Robust coalition formation in a dynamic, contractless environment". 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/7841.

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This dissertation focuses on robust coalition formation between selfish agents in a dynamic environment where contracts are unenforceable. Previous research on this topic has covered each different aspect of this problem, but no research successfully addresses these factors in combination. Therefore, a novel approach is required. This dissertation accordingly has three major goals: to develop a theoretical framework that describes how selfish agents should select jobs and partners in a dynamic, contractless environment, to test a strategy based on that framework against existing heuristics in a simulated environment, and to create a learning agent capable of optimally adjusting its coalition formation strategy based on the level of dynamic change found in its environment. Experimental results demonstrate that the Expected Utility (EU) strategy based on the developed theoretical framework performs better than strategies using heuristics to select jobs and partners, and strategies which simulate a centralized “manager”. Future work in this area includes altering the EU strategy from an anytime strategy to a hill-climbing one, as well as further game theoretic explorations of the interactions between different strategies.
text

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Hua, Tseng Ming, e 曾明華. "A Study on the Strategy of Advocacy Coalition Framework and Its Influential Factor- Take 4th Nuclear Power Plant as an Example A Study on the Strategy of Advocacy Coalition Framework and Its Influential Factor- Take 4th Nuclear Power Plant as an Examp". Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55820695344921741654.

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碩士
國立臺北大學
公共行政暨政策學系碩士在職專班
95
In 2000, the party alternation in power occurred in Taiwan, it was the turning point for the 4th nuclear power plant construction plan. From the construction, the construction halt to re-construction for the 4th nuclear power plant, there always has nonstop disputes between the supportive party and anti-nuke action union, and both sides keep on using their resources trying to achieve their goals. Form the angle of viewpoint for Advocacy Coalition Framework, this study thoroughly discusses the strategy utilization of the anti-nuke action union, and what its influential factors are? The purpose of this study lays in the discussion of the people of Guangliau Township regarding prior and after anti-nuke halt construction strategy realization whether will have a difference because of individual attributions, and through the Advocacy Coalition Framework, to analysis whether the strategy of counter- nucleus group will be under the influence of external environmental factors. Therefore, this study first based on the Advocacy Coalition Framework proposed by Sabatier and Jenkins-Smith as a starting angle, collect domestic and international literatures, propose the research structure and hypothesis, and through in-depth interview and questionnaire survey result discovered that the participates in the anti-nuke activity are mostly males, also because of the influence of the 4th nuclear power plant sites, mainly are the fishermen and coastal zone inhabitants. These anti-nuke persons hold the reason to arouse the government’s attention toward environmental topic as well as to prevent the ecological environment from destruction, in order to guarantee the land value of Guangliau Township, but from the perspective of internal environmental construction surface after the halt of 4th nuclear power plant, most inhabitants believe the 4th nuclear power plant construction is our country’s existing policy, they believe anti-nuke does not have significant meaning anymore, it is only a waste of time. In such situation, obviously the counter-nuclear strategy has significant change prior and after the halt construction, currently the expression of anti-nuke mostly present in the school setting or other institutions present by lecture form. From the above analysis, this study taking the 4th nuclear power plant as an individual case study, on the one hand in hope this forgotten village once again aroused the attention of government and educational field; on the other hand in hope to provide suggestion, in order for the following policy executors, researchers, and the political interest parties to take it as a reference. Key words: Advocacy Coalition Framework, Internal/External Environmental Factor, Individual Attributions, 4th Nuclear Power Plant

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Alves, Ana Filipa Almeida Matias de Vasconcelos. "The global business coalition : a decade of bold leadership : analyzing strategy and performance for the last decade while peeking into the future for new directions". Master's thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/7850.

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Li, Hsiu-tzu, e 黎秀子. "Strategic Coalition for Taiwan and Japanese SME Corporations.-Taking China Market as An Example -". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2nm7p6.

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Nunn, Susan Christopher. "The political economy of institutional innovation coalitions and strategy in the development of groundwater law /". 1986. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/13652469.html.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1986.
Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 323-334).

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Jánská, Lucie. "Efektivita rozhodovacího procesu ve WTO - Uruguayské a Katarské kolo". Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-372899.

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The study examines multilateral negotiation in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and later in the World Trade Organization. It analyses the effectiveness of the decision-making process on the liberalization of trade in agricultural products in the Uruguay and Doha rounds of negotiations. Agriculture seems to be the most problematic and the most controversial issue on the agenda during the both rounds of negotiations. The aim of the study is to analyse the negotiation processes in selected cases and compare them to identify factors explaining the difference in the effectiveness of the decision-making process between Uruguay and Doha round. The study also attempts to clarify why it is so complicated to conclude the Doha round after more than fifteen years of negotiations. Therefore, six factors with presumed influence on the effectiveness of the decision-making process are defined in the theoretical part of the study: number of actors, leadership, inclusiveness of negotiation, agenda complexity, coalitions and strategies of actors. The degree of influence of these factors is then tested in the practical part of the study. The study assumes that the efficiency of the decision-making process is increased by the reduced number of active actors in the negotiation, the willingness of the actors...

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Odaga, Geoffrey. "Funding the watchdog role : an exploratory study of the current funding climate for civil society organizations in Africa : the case of National Education Coalitions supported by the Global Campaign for Educations". Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/19038.

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Strengthening civil society participation in development is a prerequisite to enhance access to opportunities and political influence by the poor. An active civil society can improve development accountability. In fact, Africa cannot improve its governance without investing in the role of civil society. This study examines the problem of resource mobilization for NECs in four Africa countries; assessing factors and strategies, which influence their ability to mobilize resources. Utilizing qualitative and quantitative methods, the study found that effective NECs exist in all four countries. The success of these NECs depended on “being strategic” about resource mobilization. The lack of resources mobilization strategies was a key factor in all four NECs. This often meant lack of proactiveness in resource mobilization. In its recommendations, the study presents a model aimed to encourage CSOs to organize and manage resource mobilization in ways that generate income for today, tomorrow and the future in order to sustain their watchdog role in educational development process.
Development Studies
M.A. (Development Studies)

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