Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Conflicttheorie"

Themodulation of the Compatibility Effect(CE) according to the compatibility of the previous trial (Sequential Compatibility Effect, SCE) in three types of attentionaltasks is explored. Flankers tasks involve higher cognitive complexity than theSimon task. In all three tasks it is analyzed whether the SCE varies when thestimuli in consecutive trials are exactly the same (pure replicas) or not. Thedata, collected from three independent samples (total N = 1,159), show the CE inthe three tasks. However, SCE only shows up in the low complexity task (Simontask). The effect is smaller albeit still significant when the pure replicatrials are removed, a result inconsistent with those of Mayr et al. (2003) andHommel (1998) but consistent with the ConflictTheory (Botvinick et al., 2001). Furthermore, the absence of SCE in morecomplex cognitive tasks is inconsistent with the perspective of Botvinick etal. (2004) since greater complexity should be reflected in a greater presenceof cognitive conflict, and therefore a higher SCE.

This article explores the different approaches to study of conflict resolution strategyfrom a variety of interdisciplinary perspectives. It argues that conflict resolution strategy aspolitical integration resource is a necessary tool for overcoming deep-rooted ethnic conflictsin the instable region of North Caucasus. The author considers structural factors of protractedconflicts and emphasizes a destabilizing role of the re-politicization of ethnicity of a regionsociety in crisis. The concept of ethnic “identity-based” conflicts is the heuristic theoreticalmodel of exploring causes for increased ethno-confessional tensions in the North Caucasus.The article focuses on the ability of conflict resolution theory to de-escalate growing ethnoconfessionaltensions and transform protracted ethnic conflicts. Interdisciplinary approach toanalyzing conflict resolution strategy as political integration resource, while combining conflicttheory and neo-functionalistic paradigm, is the methodological basis of this research. The needto stimulate political integration is caused by moral and structural causes: from the ethical pointof view, the creation of an inclusive society is the fundamental societal goal; structural factorsare related to the need to reduce inequalities and differences leading to social fragmentationand escalation of ethnic conflicts. Among the socio-political conditions of the North Caucasianconflicts, the author calls social inequalities, civil identity crisis, authoritarian and ethnopolitical“renaissance”, economic polarization, “ideological combat” between the secular modernizationand fundamentalism. Discussing conflict resolution strategy as political integration resource,it is necessary to consider the following: 1) North Caucasian integration is a macro-politicalproject, the content of which is determined by issues of social security of multiethnic Russia;2) development of the North Caucasus after the end of armed ethnic conflicts shows theinadmissibility of structural demodernization, fundamentalism and cultural isolationism. Today,the North Caucasus remains a crucially geopolitical macro-region, as it forms the southernvolatile frontier of Russia. In this case, conflict resolution strategy must serve as preventive tool onthe conflict environment by way of providing structural solutions for deep-rooted socio-culturalproblems, transforming and rationalizing regional ethnic contradictions.