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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Creep resistant material"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 14 febbraio 2022

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Creep resistant material"

Oruganti, Ram. "Creep and Material Design". Material Science Research India 9, n. 1 (20 giugno 2012): 169–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/msri/090125.

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Abstract (sommario):

When a material is subjected to temperature and stress, it deforms slowly resulting in permanent shape change. If the same amount of stress were applied at room temperature, the material would not budge. This deformation at high temperature under low stresses is called creep. This phenomenon is important for OEM’S like GE etc. since turbine components are exposed to low stress and high temperature and the resulting shape change is not a desirable consequence. Apart from the change in shape, the components can eventually rupture leading to catastrophic consequences. So it is imperative that the nature of this phenomenon is understood well. Some of the questions to be answered are 1) What makes one material more resistant to creep that the other 2) How can a material’s creep resistance be improved 3) How can the current creep damage in a component be measured 4) Is it possible to say what fraction of the total life of a component has been consumed by creep.

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Hyde, C. J., T. H. Hyde, W. Sun, S. Nardone e E. De Bruycker. "Small ring testing of a creep resistant material". Materials Science and Engineering: A 586 (dicembre 2013): 358–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2013.07.081.

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Sklenička, Vàclav, Květa Kuchařová, Marie Kvapilová, Luboš Kloc, Jiří Dvořák e Petr Král. "High-Temperature Creep Tests of Two Creep-Resistant Materials at Constant Stress and Constant Load". Key Engineering Materials 827 (dicembre 2019): 246–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.827.246.

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Creep is defined as a time dependent component of plastic deformation. Creep tests can be performed either at constant load or at constant applied stress. Engineering creep tests carried out at constant load are aimed at determination of the creep strength or creep fracture strength, i.e. the data needed for design. The constant stress tests are important as a data source for fundamental investigations of creep deformation and fracture mechanisms and for finite element modelling of more complex stress situations. For some materials, the difference between the two type of testing can be very small, while for other materials is large, depending on the creep plasticity of the material under testing. The paper aims to compare the creep results of two different creep-resistant materials: the advanced 9%Cr martensitic steel (ASME Grade P91) and a Zr1%Nb alloy obtained by both testing methods and to clarify the decisive factors causing observed differences in their creep behaviour.

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Sklenička, Vàclav, Květa Kuchařová, Jiří Dvořák, Marie Kvapilová e Petr Král. "Creep Damage Tolerance Factor λ of Selected Creep-Resistant Steels". Key Engineering Materials 754 (settembre 2017): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.754.47.

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The creep damage tolerance factor λ as an important outcome of the continuum damage mechanics approach has been used to asses the creep fracture mode and the susceptibility of material to localized cracking at strain concentrations. In this work, using sets of our earlier published creep data of three advanced ferritic creep-resistant steels (T23 low alloy steel, P91 and P92 chromium steels) are analysed in terms of the creep damage tolerance factor λ. It was found that the value of the creep damage factor λ is not constant and depends on the creep loading conditions. The data analysis is followed by fractographic investigations, which is used to identify the creep fracture mode (s) experimentally.

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Antipov, A. A., V. A. Gorokhov, V. V. Egunov, D. A. Kazakov, S. A. Kapustin e Yu A. Churilov. "NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE CREEP OF ELEMENTS OF HEAT-RESISTANT ALLOYS STRUCTURES TAKING INTO ACCOUNT NEUTRON IRRADIATION EFFECTS". Problems of strenght and plasticity 81, n. 3 (2019): 345–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.32326/1814-9146-2019-81-3-345-358.

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The technique of numerical research on the basis of FEM processes of deformation and damage accumulation in the structural elements of heat-resistant alloys under conditions of high-temperature creep taking into account the influence of neutron irradiation is developed. The description of the mechanical behavior of the material is carried out within the framework of the previously developed general model of the damaged material and the creep model for non-irradiated heat-resistant alloys, supplemented by taking into account the effect of irradiation on the creep rate and the appearance of brittle fracture in a given range of temperature variation and irradiation intensity. The defining relations of the creep model of the irradiated material were obtained by modifying the creep model of the non-irradiated material: a material function was introduced, taking into account the effect of the flux of neutrons on the rate of thermal creep deformation; a material function was introduced that takes into account the effect of the neutron flux on the creep surface radius; A material function was introduced, which takes into account the effect of the neutron flux on the ultimate value of the dissipation energy at full power. To simulate the processes of brittle fracture during creep under neutron irradiation conditions, it is assumed that the destructive values of effective normal stresses are a function of temperature, flux of neutrons and the current value of accumulated creep. The material functions of the model were obtained from the results of basic experiments conducted at the Research Institute of Mechanics for the heat-resistant alloy without irradiation under consideration and the available experimental data on the study of the creep of this alloy during its irradiation. Based on the proposed model, a numerical method for solving problems of high-temperature creep of structures made of heat-resistant alloys under neutron irradiation was developed and implemented within the UPAKS computing complex. To verify and illustrate the capabilities of the developed methodological and software tools, a number of problems of modeling the processes of high-temperature creep and destruction of structural elements made of the high-temperature alloy under consideration are solved.

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Hyun, Yang Ki, Soon Ho Won, Jae Ho Jang e In Bae Kim. "The Evaluation of Material Degradation in Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel by Electrochemical and Magnetic Property Analysis". Key Engineering Materials 321-323 (ottobre 2006): 486–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.321-323.486.

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Evolution of microstructure due to service exposure to high temperature has a strong effect performance of heat resistant steels. In case of modified 9Cr-1Mo steels, precipitation of Fe2Mo-type laves phases and coarsening of M23C6-type carbides are the primary cause of degradation of mechanical properties such as creep resistance, tensile strength and toughness. Therefore creep tests have been carried out on modified 9Cr-1Mo steels to examine the effect of aging and stress on the creep strength. Additionally vibrating sample magnetometer is used to measure hysteresis loop.

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Brnic, Josip, Goran Turkalj, Sanjin Krscanski, Goran Vukelic e Marko Canadija. "Uniaxial Properties versus Temperature, Creep and Impact Energy of an Austenitic Steel". High Temperature Materials and Processes 36, n. 2 (1 febbraio 2017): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2015-0174.

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AbstractIn this paper, uniaxial material properties, creep resistance and impact energy of the austenitic heat-resistant steel (1.4841) are experimentally determined and analysed. Engineering stress–strain diagrams and uniaxial short-time creep curves are examined with computer-controlled testing machine. Impact energy has been determined and fracture toughness assessed. Investigated data are shown in the form of curves related to ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, modulus of elasticity and creep resistance. All of these experimentally obtained results are analysed and may be used in the design process of the structure where considered material is intended to be applied. Based on these results, considered material may be classified as material of high tensile strength (688 MPa/293 K; 326 MPa/923 K) and high yield strength (498 MPa/293 K; 283 MPa/923 K) as well as satisfactory creep resistance (temperature/stress $ \to $strain (%) at 1,200 min: 823 K/167 MPa $ \to $0.25 %; 923 K/85 MPa $ \to $0.2 %).

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Yang, You, Xiao Dong Wang e Wei Feng Tang. "Study on the High Temperature Creep Behavior of 30Cr25Ni20 Heat-Resistant Steel". Key Engineering Materials 814 (luglio 2019): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.814.157.

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The high temperature creep test of heat-resisting steel 30Cr25Ni20 for automobile exhaust manifolds was carried out, and the creep strain-time curves at 650°C and 700°C in the different loads were obtained. The effects of different creep temperature and stress on creep life of materials were studied. The microstructure of the fracture after creep was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Microstructures before and after creep at different temperatures were compared by optical microscopy. The results show that the creep fracture life of heat-resistant steel decreases with the increase of stress at the same temperature. The creep fracture life decreases with the increase of temperature at the same stress, too. The fracture of heat-resistant steel shows good high temperature plasticity and a ductile fracture after creep. The fracture dimples become deeper with the increase of stress. At 650°Cand 700°C, the stress exponent is 8.6 and 6, respectively. When the sample was subjected to high temperature creep at 700°C, the precipitates increase obviously and the reticular structure became very large. At this point, the internal structure of the material is destroyed, and the matrix structure becomes unevenly distributed. The failure of the internal structure leads to the dramatic increase of the creep strain, and the failure of the internal structure will be more serious with the deformation of the sample.

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Bauné, Emmanuel, E. Galand, B. Leduey, G. Liberati, G. Cumino, S. Caminada, A. Di Gianfrancesco e L. Cipolla. "Grades 92 and 23: Weldability Assessment and Long-Term Performances for Power Generation Applications". Materials Science Forum 580-582 (giugno 2008): 383–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.580-582.383.

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Increased efficiency and emission reduction in modern power plants lead to the use of new advanced materials with enhanced creep strength, with the objective to increase the steam parameters of power plants. With over ten years on market and wide experience related to its use, ASTM Grade 92 is becoming one of the most required materials when high service temperatures are reached (max. 610°C). Its composition, with 9%Cr and 1.5%W, gives rise to martensitic microstructures which offer very high creep strength and long term stability. The improved weldability and creep-strength between 500 and 580°C of the low alloy ASTM Grade 23, as well as a cost advantage over higher Cr materials in this temperature range, make it one of the possible candidates to meet the stringent requirements of modern power plants. Air Liquide Welding (ALW) has optimized and distributes a complete product family for the welding of Grades 23 and 92. TenarisDalmine (TD) focused on the development of Grade 23 tubes and pipes and is working on the development of Grade 92. A deep characterization work of the microstructural evolution and long term creep performances of these high temperature resistant materials was thus undertaken by ALW and TD, in collaboration with the Centro Sviluppo Materiali (CSM). The joint characterization program consisted in the assessment of welded joints creep properties. Welded joints were produced using the gas tungsten (GTAW), shielded metal (SMAW) and submerged arc welding (SAW) processes. Mechanical and creep properties of weldments were measured both in the as welded and post weld heat treated conditions and proper WPS’s were designed in a manner such that industrial production needs were satisfied. Short term creep resistance of cross weld specimens was measured to be within the base material acceptance criteria. Long term base material and cross weld creep performance evaluation are now in progress.

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Brnic, Josip, Marino Brcic, Sebastian Balos, Goran Vukelic, Sanjin Krscanski, Mladomir Milutinovic e Miroslav Dramicanin. "S235JRC+C Steel Response Analysis Subjected to Uniaxial Stress Tests in the Area of High Temperatures and Material Fatigue". Sustainability 13, n. 10 (19 maggio 2021): 5675. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13105675.

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Knowledge of the properties and behavior of materials under certain working conditions is the basis for the selection of the proper material for the design of a new structure. This paper deals with experimental investigations of the mechanical properties of unalloyed high quality steel S235JRC + C (1.0122) and its behavior under conditions of high temperatures, creep and mechanical fatigue. The response of the material at high temperatures (20–700 °C) is shown in the form of engineering stress-strain diagrams while that at creep behavior (400–600 °C) is shown in the form of creep curves. Furthermore, based on uniaxial fully reversed mechanical fatigue tests (R=−1), a stress-life (S-N) fatigue diagram has been constructed and the fatigue (endurance) limit of the material is calculated The experimentally determined value of tensile strength at room temperature is 534 MPa. The calculated value of the fatigue limit, also at room temperature, using the modified staircase method and based on the mechanical fatigue tests data, is 202 MPa. With regard to creep resistance, steel 1.0122 can be considered creep-resistant only at a temperature of 400 °C and at an applied stress not exceeding 50% of the yield strength corresponding to this temperature.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Creep resistant material"

Lundberg, Daniel, Filip Wilson, Hjalmar Gunnarsson, Leo Sjörén, Robin Xu e Erik Djurberg. "Long term aging and creep exposure for advanced heat resistant alloys : A phase analysis". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för materialvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446407.

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This project was ordered by Sandvik Materials Technology and was performed by a group of students at Uppsala university. The purpose of the project was to study precipitation behavior and structure stability in six advanced heat resistant alloys. Each sample were subjected to a creep rupture test in 600 or 700°C depending on the alloy type. Two parts of each alloy where examined; one part which had been affected by creep and another part which was unaffected by creep. A literature study was performed first to gain knowledge of the scientific theory utilized in this project, namely creep, precipitation hardening, and about the different materials which were analyzed. Preliminary results for the phase composition of the materials were obtained from a Thermo-Calc (TC) simulation. The SEM-images showed nothing noteworthy for any sample due to the roughness of the sample surfaces. The EDS-analysis showed chromium depletion in the centers of the aged samples of HT9 and Sanicro® 75X. Other minority phases such as Cr23C6 in Sanicro®70, P-phase and a titanium nitride phase in sanicro® 60X, VB in Esshete 1250 and Sigma-phase in 4C54 were identified using EDSmapping. It was found that when using XRD to analyze the phase compositions of small samples it is impractical to have the samples cast in bakelite beforehand. The XRD-results obtained in this project showed that more than 90% of the XRD diffractogram for every sample was graphite, which made the identification of minority phases impossible. The quality of the LOM-images varied greatly between samples, for 4C54 grain sizes were measured in all images, for Esshete 1250 grain sizes were measured for the crept sample, and for Sanicro® 60X measurements could only be taken from one image. Most of the sample preparation was insufficient to achieve the test results necessary for complete microstructural analysis and phase analysis of the samples. The mistakes in the practical steps of the project were noted and improvements for these mistakes are presented in the conclusion.

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Stracey, Muhammad Ghalib. "Continuum Damage Mechanics (CDM) modelling of dislocation creep in 9-12% Cr creep resistant steels". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22994.

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The generation of electricity to meet an ever-growing demand has become a defining characteristic of the modern world for both developed and developing nations alike. This, coupled with the intensifying concern with pollution and its effects on the environment has put immense pressure on how quickly and efficiently power is produced. Being the most prevalent source of electricity generation, coal fired power plants have been subject to increasing scrutiny and study in an effort to improve the efficiency at which they operate. Hence, coal fired power plants are being run at increased temperatures and pressures such as those observed in Super-critical and Ultra-super-critical plants. This has by extension put excessive demand on materials used in these plants specifically within the boiler and superheater pipe sections where the most extreme thermodynamic conditions are experienced. The most commonly used materials for these applications are in the family of ferritic/martensitic 9-12% Cr steels chosen for their superior material properties especially during long-term exposure as coal fired power plants typically operate for over 20 years before being decommissioned. One of the lesser understood aspects of 9-12%Cr steels is with regard to their long-term material properties specifically that of creep degradation and deformation. This has been partially due to the reliance of creep life predictions in the past being based on accelerated creep testing and empirically based modelling. With the relatively recent revelations of empirically based modelling shown to be inaccurate when extrapolated to the long-term, a need has been identified amongst researchers to develop more accurate models based on physical relationships and material microstructure. Moreover, the insight obtained from modern experimental techniques and technologies as well as ever-expanding computing capabilities provide an opportunity to produce microstructurally based models with a high degree of complexity. Thus motivated, the focus of this dissertation was to develop a physically based dislocation creep model using the Continuum Damage Mechanics (CDM) approach. A dislocation CDM model was developed and implemented in the current work for uniaxial creep loading using the numerical modelling software Matlabᵀᴹ. The CDM approach was built upon fundamental dislocation theory as well as other microstructural considerations pertaining to dislocation creep including subgrain coarsening, M₂₃C₆ precipitate coarsening and stress redistribution. The CDM model was found to require calibration in order to be applied to specific 9- 12% Cr steels which was implemented using a parameter optimisation routine. The results obtained were compared with experimentally obtained, long-term creep-time and microstructural data for the 11% Cr steel CB8 and the 9% Cr steel P92. The CDM creep-time predictions were found to vary in accuracy depending upon the experimental data against which the model was calibrated. Upon further investigation, it was hypothesised that the discrepancy observed was due to the formation of the Modified Z-phase in some of the long term creep data but not in others which was based primarily on the differing creep exposure times of the various samples. The CDM creep-time predictions for P92 were found to be accurate when compared with experimental results regardless of creep exposure times. The apparent difference in the approximation of the creep deformation for the two steels was concluded as being due to the formation of the Modified Z-phase in CB8 but not in P92 as Modified Zphase formation is intrinsically linked with the Cr content of the steel.

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Ibanez, Alejandro R. "Modeling creep behavior in a directionally solidified nickel base superalloy". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/5353.

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Peterson, Benjamin Howard. "A Combinatorial Approach to the Development of a Creep Resistant Beta Titanium Alloy". The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1218488816.

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de, Bussac Arnaud. "A study of deformation and fatigue in model Ni-base superalloys". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20174.

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Strader, Katherine C. "Phase Transformation Behavior and Stress Relief Cracking Susceptibility in Creep Resistant Steels". The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1408973568.

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Almansour, Amjad Saleh Ali. "USE OF SINGLE TOW CERAMIC MATRIX MINICOMPOSITES TO DETERMINE FUNDAMENTAL ROOM AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES". University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron148640184494135.

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Smith, Andrew Logan Mr. "Thermodynamic Evaluation and Modeling of Grade 91 Alloy and its Secondary Phases through CALPHAD Approach". FIU Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3773.

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Grade 91 (Gr.91) is a common structural material used in boiler applications and is favored due to its high temperature creep strength and oxidation resistance. Under cyclic stresses, the material will experience creep deformation eventually causing the propagation of type IV cracks within its heat-affected-zone (HAZ) which can be a major problem under short-term and long-term applications. In this study, we aim to improve this premature failure by performing a computational thermodynamic study through the Calculation of Phase Diagram (CALPHAD) approach. Under this approach, we have provided a baseline study as well as simulations based on additional alloying elements such as manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), and titanium (Ti). Our simulation results have concluded that high concentrations of Mn and Ni had destabilized M23C6 for short-term creep failure, while Ti had increased the beneficial MX phase, and low concentrations of nitrogen (N) had successfully destabilized Z-phase formation for long-term creep failure.

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Poorteman, Marc. "Fabrication et caractérisation de composites céramiques renforcés par des plaquettes". Valenciennes, 1997. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/078152fe-6c38-4759-a136-3513bbe27089.

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Dans le cadre de ce travail, nous avons fabriqué des composites céramiques renforcés par des plaquettes céramiques par des techniques classiques de dispersion et de mise en forme et par frittage sous pression. Ces techniques ont permis d'obtenir des matériaux denses avec une dispersion homogène des plaquettes et une microstructure des grains constituant la matrice comparable dans le cas du matériau monolithique et du composite. Un choix judicieux des couples matrice-plaquettes a permis d'étudier l'influence des contraintes générées lors de la descente en température du frittage suite à la différence de coefficient de dilatation entre la matrice et les plaquettes et de la nature de l'interface sur les propriétés mécaniques du composite. Pour chacun des systèmes étudiés, les mécanismes de renforcement à température ambiante se sont avérés multiples. La contribution de chacun de ces mécanismes au renforcement est fonction des contraintes résiduelles et de la nature de l'interface. Cependant dans tous les cas les plaquettes constituent le défaut critique. L'évolution des mécanismes de renforcement avec la température peut être déterminée par les contraintes présentes à haute température (cas du système ZrO2-SiC), mais également par la présence d'une phase liquide à haute température (cas des systèmes Si3N4-SiC et ZrO2-Al2O3). Nous avons également démontré dans le cas du système Si3N4-SiC que le composite présente une meilleure résistance à la propagation sous-critique à haute température par rapport au matériau monolithique et, dans le cas du système ZrO2-Al2O3, que le composite, comme le matériau monolithique, est superplastique

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Fredholm, Allan. "Monocristaux d'alliages base nickel : relation entre composition, microstructure et comportement en fluage a haute temperature". Paris, ENMP, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ENMP0020.

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Analyse des phenomenes de coalescence orientee de la microstructure au cours du fluage dans differents superalliages a base de nickel durcis par precipitation de phase gamma '. Correlation entre la microstructure et la resistance au fluage. Determination, a partir de l'interpretation des resulats, un critere simple de resistance au fluage

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Libri sul tema "Creep resistant material"

de, Villiers H. L., a cura di. The physics of creep: Creep and creep-resistant alloys. London: Taylor & Francis, 1995.

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Webster, G. A. High temperature component life assessment. London: Chapman & Hall, 1994.

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Grisaffe, Salvatore J. Reinforcements: The key to high performance composite materials. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1990.

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Whittenberger, J. Daniel. Elevated temperature creep properties of NiAl cryomilled with and without Y₂O₃. [Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1995.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., a cura di. Probabilistic material strength degradation model for Iconel 718 components subjected to high temperature, mechanical fatigue, creep and thermal fatigue effects. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.

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M, McLean, e Strang A, a cura di. Modelling of microstructural evolution in creep resistant materials. London: IOM Communications, 1999.

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Abe, F. Creep Resistant Steels. CRC, 2008.

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(Editor), R. S. Mishra, Amiya K. Mukherjee (Editor) e K. Linga Murty (Editor), a cura di. Creep Behavior of Advanced Materials for the 21st Century. Minerals, Metals, & Materials Society, 1999.

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Webster, G. A., e R. A. Ainsworth. High Temperature Component Life Assessment. Springer, 1994.

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(Editor), Andrew Strang, J. Cawley (Editor) e G. W. Greenwood (Editor), a cura di. Microstructural Stability of Creep Resistant Alloys for High Temperature Plant Applications (Microstructure of High Temperature Materials). Ashgate Publishing, 1998.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Creep resistant material"

Kang, Dae H., Min S. Yoo, Sung S. Park e Nack J. Kim. "Development of Creep Resistant Mg Alloys". In Materials Science Forum, 521–24. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-960-1.521.

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Berger, C., J. Granacher e Y. Kostenko. "Creep Equations for Heat Resistant Steels". In Steels and Materials for Power Plants, 345–51. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527606181.ch60.

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Schlarb, Alois K., Jing Lei Yang e Zhong Zhang. "Creep Resistance of Thermoplastic Nanocomposites". In The Mechanical Behavior of Materials X, 1621–24. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-440-5.1621.

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Eisenträger, Johanna, e Holm Altenbach. "Creep in Heat-resistant Steels at Elevated Temperatures". In Advanced Structured Materials, 79–112. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30355-6_4.

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Chung, T. E., e T. J. Davies. "Creep Fracture Resistance of Uranium Dioxide". In Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures, 619–24. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3650-1_91.

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Coussement, C., e L. Verelst. "Multiaxial Creep Behaviour of Welded Components in High Strength Ferritic/Martensitic Creep Resistant Steels". In Materials for Advanced Power Engineering 1994, 329–40. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1048-8_25.

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Li, Zhongkui, Wen Sheng Wang, J. J. Zhang e L. Zhou. "Creep Resistance of Zr-Sn-Nb-Fe-Cr Alloy". In Materials Science Forum, 1405–8. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-960-1.1405.

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Liu, Hai Feng, Guodong Tong e Jun Hou. "Development of High Temperature Creep Resistant Magnesium Alloys for Die Casting". In Materials Science Forum, 279–82. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-968-7.279.

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Milička, Karel, e Ferdinand Dobeš. "Small Punch Testing of Creep Resistant Steels and Its Application". In Steels and Materials for Power Plants, 372–77. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527606181.ch64.

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Choudhuri, Deep, S. G. Srinivasan, Mark A. Gibson e Rajarshi Banerjee. "Bonding Environments in a Creep–Resistant Mg–RE–Zn Alloy". In The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series, 471–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52392-7_64.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Creep resistant material"

Lee, Hoomin, Seok-Jun Kang, Jae-Boong Choi e Moon-Ki Kim. "Creep Life Prediction of HR3C Steel Using Creep Damage Models". In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65923.

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Abstract (sommario):

The world’s energy market demands more efficient power plants, hence, the operating conditions become severe. For thermal plants, Ultra Super Critical (USC) conditions were employed with an operating temperature above 600°C. In such conditions, the main failure mechanism is creep rupture behavior. Thus, the accurate creep life prediction of high temperature components in operation has a great importance in structural integrity evaluation of USC power plants. Many creep damage models have been developed based on continuum damage mechanics and implemented through finite element analysis. The material constants in these damage models are derived from several accelerated uniaxial creep experiments in high stress conditions. In this study, the target material, HR3C, is an austenitic heat resistant steel which is used in reheater/superheater tubes of an USC power plant built in South Korea. Its creep life was predicted by extrapolating the creep rupture times derived from three different creep damage models. Several accelerated uniaxial creep tests have been conducted in various stress conditions in order to obtain the material constants. Kachanov-Rabotnov, Liu-Murakami and the Wen creep damage models were implemented. A comparative assessment on these three creep damage models were performed for predicting the creep life of HR3C steel. Each models require a single variable to fit the creep test curves. An optimization error function were suggested by the authors to quantify the best fit value. To predict the long term creep life of metallic materials, the Monkman-Grant model and creep rupture property diagrams were plotted and then extrapolated over an extended range. Finally, it is expected that one can assess the remaining lifetime of UCS power plants with such a valid estimation of long-term creep life.

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Kimura, Kazuhiro. "Assessment of Long-Term Creep Strength and Review of Allowable Stress of High Cr Ferritic Creep Resistant Steels". In ASME 2005 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2005-71039.

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Large drop in creep rupture strength in the long-term is a noticeable phenomenon for high Cr ferritic creep resistant steels, and the neglecting this phenomenon may result in overestimation of 100,000h creep rupture strength, and allowable stress. A committee at Japan Power Engineering and Inspection Corporation was organized to evaluate long-term creep strength and to review current allowable stresses of high Cr ferritic creep resistant steels. Life prediction method for high Cr ferritic creep resistant steels with tempered martensite microstructure is discussed. Appropriateness of current allowable tensile stress regulated in METI (Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry) Thermal Power Standard Code has been assessed on a modified 9Cr-1Mo steel (ASME Gr.91) and KA-SUS410J3 type steels. KA-SUS410J3 is a material specification in METI Thermal Power Standard Code and corresponds to ASME Gr.122. The validity of existing allowable stress was shown on a modified 9Cr-1Mo steel. Those for KA-SUS410J3 type steels, however, have been revised to the lower values.

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Ho¨gberg, Jan, Guocai Chai, Patrik Kjellstro¨m, Magnus Bostro¨m, Urban Forsberg e Rolf Sandstro¨m. "Creep Behavior of the Newly Developed Advanced Heat Resistant Austenitic Stainless Steel Grade UNS S31035". In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25727.

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The UNS S31035 austenitic stainless steel grade is a newly developed advanced heat resistant material for use in coal fired boilers at material temperatures up to about 700°C. This new grade has good resistance to oxidation and hot corrosion, and shows higher creep rupture strength than other austenitic stainless steels available today. This paper will mainly focus on the study of the creep mechanisms in this grade from 550°C up to 800°C by using TEM, SEM and LOM. The creep mechanisms at different temperatures and loading conditions have been identified. The interaction between dislocations and precipitates and their contribution on the creep rupture strength and fracture mechanisms have been discussed. In this paper, different models have been used to evaluate the long-term creep behavior of the grade. A creep rupture strength near 100MPa at 700°C for 100 000h has been predicted. This makes it an interesting alternative for super-heaters and reheaters in future high-efficient coal fired boilers.

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Mayr, Peter, Horst Cerjak, Claus Jochum e Jerzy Pasternak. "Long-Term Creep Behaviour of E911 Heat Resistant 9% Cr Steel Weldments Fabricated With Filler Metals of Different Creep Strength". In ASME 2007 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/creep2007-26713.

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In this work an X11CrMoWVNb9-1-1 (E911) pipe with an outside diameter of 355 mm and a wall thickness of 43 mm was welded with three different filler metals by GTAW and SMAW process. The used filler metals differed in creep strength level, compared to E911 grade pipe base material creep strength. The long term objective of this work was to study the influence of weld metal creep strength on the overall creep behavior of the welded joints. Uni-axial creep tests at 600°C (873 K) and stresses ranging from 70 to 130 MPa were performed using cross-weld samples of all three welds. Fractured samples were investigated by optical microscopy, electron microscopy and hardness testing. The results showed that the use of undermatching weld metal of P91-type led to premature fracture in the weld metal at higher stress levels. At lower stresses the fracture location was shifted into the fine-grained heat affected zone (HAZ) and samples failed by characteristic Type IV failure mode. The use of matching (E911 type) and overmatching (P92 type) filler material increased the time to rupture only at high stress levels. The fracture mode for all samples at lower stress levels was identified as characteristic Type IV failure.

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Chai, Guocai, Johan Hernblom, Keith Hottle, Urban Forsberg e Timo Peltola. "Long Term Performance of Newly Developed Austenitic Heat Resistant Stainless Steel Grade UNS S31035". In ASME 2014 Symposium on Elevated Temperature Application of Materials for Fossil, Nuclear, and Petrochemical Industries. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/etam2014-1004.

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UNS S31035 austenitic stainless steel grade is a newly developed advanced heat resistant material for use in coal fired boilers at material temperatures up to 700°C. This new grade that has recently obtained two AMSE code cases shows good resistance to steam oxidation and flue gas corrosion and higher creep rupture strength than other austenitic stainless steels available today. This paper will mainly focus on the characterization of long term structure stability and performances such as the creep behaviors at different temperatures for up to 86 000 hours and low cycle fatigue behaviors at high temperatures. The creep and fatigue damage mechanisms were studied using electron transmission microscopy and electron channeling contrast image analysis. The testing results were discussed combining with the safety and structure reliability of the material in 700°C power plants. The material is an excellent alternative for superheaters and reheaters in future high-efficient coal fired boilers. Paper published with permission.

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Hollis, K. J., D. P. Butt e R. G. Castro. "Impression Creep Behavior of Atmospheric Plasma-Sprayed and Hot Pressed MoSi2/Si3N4". In ITSC 1997, a cura di C. C. Berndt. ASM International, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc1997p0751.

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Abstract The use of MoSi2 as a high temperature oxidation resistant structural material is hindered by its poor elevated temperature creep resistance. The addition of second phase Si3N4 holds promise for improving the creep properties of MoSi2 without decreasing oxidation resistance. The high temperature impression creep behavior of atmospheric plasma sprayed (APS) and hot pressed (HP) MoSi2/Si3N4 composites was investigated. Values for steady state creep rates, creep activation energies, and creep stress exponents were measured. Grain boundary sliding and splat sliding were found to be the dominant creep mechanisms for the APS samples while grain boundary sliding and plastic deformation were found to be the dominant creep mechanisms for the HP samples.

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Kostenko, Y., G. Lvov, E. Gorash, H. Altenbach e K. Naumenko. "Power Plant Component Design Using Creep-Damage Analysis". In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-13710.

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The constitutive equation for the creep deformation rate, as well as the kinetic equations for hardening, recovery and damage processes, with a continuous functional dependence on temperature, are proposed. The material model is able to describe the primary, secondary and tertiary stages of creep behavior. The technique for the identification of parameters in the uniform model is developed on the basis of experimental creep curves for a wide range of temperatures and stresses. The parameter fitting for a creep-damage model with temperature dependence is carried out for one typical heat-resistant steel widely used in the power plant industry. Numerical results are obtained by the Finite-Element-Method for a real power plant component using the ABAQUS code and incorporated user-defined materials routines.

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Rakowski, James M., Charles P. Stinner, Mark Lipschutz e J. Preston Montague. "The Use and Performance of Oxidation and Creep-Resistant Stainless Steels in an Exhaust Gas Primary Surface Recuperator Application". In ASME Turbo Expo 2004: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2004-53917.

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Recuperation increases the efficiency of a gas turbine engine by extracting heat from the exhaust gas stream and using it to pre-heat the compressor discharge air. Oxidation of the thin metal foil recuperator walls is a major concern, necessitating the use of heat-resistant alloys. Water vapor, present in the exhaust gas as a by-product of combustion, has been shown to be detrimental to the elevated temperature oxidation resistance of some ferrous alloys currently used for recuperators, e.g., Type 347 stainless steel. The walls of the primary surface recuperator are also subjected to a complex state of stress. Creep deformation can cause the compressor discharge air passages to expand, thus restricting exhaust gas flow and increasing the turbine backpressure. The material of construction must, therefore, be resistant to both oxidation and creep deformation. Long-term oxidation, stress-rupture, and creep test results and analysis will be presented for both commercially available and developmental austenitic stainless steel foil materials. A 20Cr-25Ni austenitic stainless steel containing a small addition of Nb was found to exhibit good creep strength when compared to current alloys of construction. This alloy also possesses excellent resistance to attack in environments containing high levels of water vapor. Oxide volatility and breakaway oxidation were not observed after 10,000 hours of exposure at temperatures as high as 760°C (1400°F).

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"Neutron Diffraction Investigation of Residual Stresses in Nickel Based Austenitic Weldments on Creep Resistant Cr-Mo-V Material". In Mechanical Stress Evaluation by Neutron and Synchrotron Radiation. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781945291678-16.

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Barua, B., M. C. Messner, R. I. Jetter e T. L. Sham. "Development of Design Method for High Temperature Nuclear Reactor Cladded Components". In ASME 2020 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2020-21469.

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Abstract High temperature nuclear reactors plan to use highly corrosive coolant such as molten salts, molten lead, and lead-bismuth eutectic mixtures. The existing Class A metallic materials qualified in the ASME Section III, Division 5 rules for high temperature nuclear reactors are not ideal for resisting corrosion when exposed to these coolants. One option to overcome this limitation would be to Code-qualify new corrosion-resistant materials for Class A service, however this process is long and expensive and requires long-term creep test data. A near-term alternative would be to allow designers to clad the existing Class A base materials with non-qualified corrosion-resistant materials. However, there are currently no ASME design rules for cladded components to guard against creepfatigue failure and ratcheting strain accumulation in elevated temperature nuclear service. This work addresses this deficiency by proposing a design strategy for cladded components that does not require long-term testing of clad materials. The proposed approach relies on approximate design analysis methods for two types of clad materials — soft clad that creeps faster than the base material and hard clad that creeps slower and has higher yield stress than the base material. The proposed approach treats a soft clad material as perfectly compliant and a hard clad material as linear elastic. Sample finite element analyses of representative high temperature reactor components are performed to verify the approach. At the end, a complete set of design rules is provided for each of the two types of cladded components.

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