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Tesi sul tema "Desalination"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 25 luglio 2025

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1

Nayar, Kishor Govind. "Improving seawater desalination and seawater desalination brine management." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/121886.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2019<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. "Thesis contains very faint/illegible footnote numbering"--Disclainer Notice page.<br>Includes bibliographical references.<br>Water scarcity is an increasing problem globally. Seawater desalination is increasingly being relied upon as a means of mitigating the problem of water scarcity. However, seawater desalination has costs associated with it: capital costs, cost of energy to desalinate and environmental costs from the discharge of high salinity brine. E

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2

Mayere, Abdulkarim. "Solar powered desalination." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12331/.

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Despite water being apparently abundant, up to half of the world’s population is faced with water crises which is growing at an alarming rate most especially in developing countries such as African countries where both physical and economic water scarcities prevail. Thus with the abundant salty water and solar intensity in the regions or seasons when water is mostly scarce, solar powered desalination presents an attractive and promising solution towards availability of clean water. A unique and simple solar desalination system has been developed. The system which based on humidification/dehumi

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3

Rahal, Zeina. "Wind powered desalination." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2001. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7466.

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This thesis investigates the technical problems associated with large-scale stand-alone wind powered desalination employing a short-term energy store, particularly the complexities associated with the intermittent operation of the desalination plant. To achieve this, a non-linear, time domain system model of an existing wind powered desalination plant has been developed using the propriety code Simulink. Two desalination techniques have been considered: reverse osmosis and electrodialysis, due firstly to their relatively low specific energy consumption, and secondly, their efficient coupling t

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4

Crerar, Alan J. "Wave powered desalination." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/14741.

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5

Digby, Simon. "Tjuntjuntjara groundwater desalination." Thesis, Digby, Simon (2012) Tjuntjuntjara groundwater desalination. Other thesis, Murdoch University, 2012. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/13106/.

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The Tjuntjuntjara Groundwater Desalination Thesis was conceived to solve the operational faults of a Vacuum-Multi-Effect-Membrane-Distillation (VMEMD) Pilot Plant. The National Centre for Excellence in Desalination (NCED), Murdoch University and other contributing parties intend to power the plant with renewable energies in order to supply the Tjuntjuntjara indigenous community with water. The thesis involved research into VMEMD technology and an assessment of the control system and instrumentation that operated it. During the assessment process, operational faults as well as potential imp

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6

Andersson, Niklas, and Pontus Heijdenberg. "Wind Power Desalination System." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-2769.

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7

Psaltas, Michael A. "Hybrid cogeneration desalination process." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.576090.

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Supplies of potable water from the conventional resources are descending due to increased industrialization;' extensive irrigation and rapid population growth. In Cyprus, a country without any perennial river, fixed rainy season and depleted natural aquifers faces severe water shortage in future. Desalination along with power cogeneration certainly poses as the most suitable option in the long run to avoid any water scarcity and rationing. This dissertation introduces all the major desalination processes and is focused on the commercially employed desalination processes. The processes have bee

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8

Bajpayee, Anurag. "Directional solvent extraction desalination." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/78539.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2012.<br>"September 2012." Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 131-137).<br>World water supply is struggling to meet demand. Production of fresh water from the oceans could supply this demand almost indefinitely. As global energy consumption continues to increase, water and energy resources are getting closely intertwined, especially with regards to the water consumption and contamination in the unconventional oil and gas industry. Development of effective, affo

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9

Al-Thani, Faleh N. "Economical desalination processes in Qatar." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/14043.

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The limited underground water resources and the dramatic increase of fresh water consumption in Qatar forced the government to seek alternative ways to compensate for the lack of fresh water resources. Unfortunately, most of the currently available alternatives are costly in terms of excessive fuel consumption; also they require large capital investment and high maintenance cost. Such plants currently produce over 98% of the total fresh water in Qatar. This ratio may increase to 100% in the next few years. The main aim of this work is to investigate the most viable water desalination processes

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10

Tow, Emily Winona. "Organic fouling of desalination membranes." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111695.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2017.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 211-224).<br>Energy-ecient desalination and water reuse are necessary to ensure universal access to clean water. Reverse osmosis (RO) is the most ecient desalination process for almost any water source, but it is susceptible to membrane fouling,

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11

Tabraham, John Mark. "The desalination of marine ice." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.624384.

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12

Gutierrez, Hernandez Lucero, and Garcia Wenny Fernanda Ramirez. "Sustainable System for Water Desalination." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-15991.

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Ankarstiftelsen, a non-profit organization with the mission of assuring the access to basic necessities in developing countries, presented a brief for a sustainable water desalination system, to obtain acceptable drinking water, in the region of La Guajira, Colombia. The main objective of the project is the creation of an initial proposal for a sustainable desalination system using solar energy with a minimal cost of construction. This project required large amounts of research regarding the principles of desalination and water purification systems. As well as the living conditions, weathe

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13

Ahmad, Mansour M. M. "Assessment of freezing desalination technologies." Thesis, Swansea University, 2012. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42635.

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The production of both fresh water and waste streams are progressively increasing over the years due to ongoing population growth coupled with high levels of increase in water consumption. The ongoing growth of human activities, such as industry, recreation, and agriculture, are significantly contributing to the increase in both water demand and severity of degradation of natural water resources. The majority of the industrial wastewaters have a significant impact on the environment; some of which may pose a number of threats to human health and the surrounding environment. Thus, discharge of

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14

Xie, Fangyou. "Pressure Driven Desalination Utilizing Nanomaterials." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2020. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/2204.

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Nanomaterials such as graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes, have demonstrated excellent properties for membrane desalination, including decrease of maintenance, increase of flux rate, simple solution casting, and impressive chemical inertness. Here, two projects are studied to investigate nanocarbon based membrane desalination. The first project is to prepare hybrid membranes with amyloid fibrils intercalated with graphene oxide sheets. The addition of protein amyloid fibrils expands the interlayer spacing between graphene oxide nanosheets and introduces additional functional groups in the diff

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15

Girme, Gauri Manik. "Algae powered Microbial Desalination Cells." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1397735584.

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16

Corral, Andrea F. "Alternative Technologies for Inland Desalination." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/333122.

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Water scarcity is one of the biggest issues we have to face as population and water consumption levels increase despite a fixed supply of renewable fresh water. Meeting the challenges that water scarcity poses to food production, ecosystem health, and political and social stability will require new approaches to using and managing water. Desalination already plays an essential role in water management. It constitutes a secure source of safe drinking water supply once demand management measures are fully implemented. Overcoming problems related to brine minimization and disposal is key to susta

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17

Mkhize, Mfanafuthi Mthandeni. "Multistage solar still desalination system." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2848.

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Thesis (Master of Engineering in Mechanical Engineering)--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018.<br>The present study was centred on the design of a thermal multistage solar still desalination system. The design is a multistage with new configurations such as direct vapour input into each stage using vapour make-up tubes and the integration of a multistage with a basin type solar still. The incorporation of float a valve in the secondary seawater tank to regulate the seawater in the assembly eliminated the need of pumps to the system. The circulation of seawater between the evaporator

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18

Sassi, Kamal M. "Optimal scheduling, design, operation and control of reverse osmosis desalination : prediction of RO membrane performance under different design and operating conditions, synthesis of RO networks using MINLP optimization framework involving fouling, boron removal, variable seawater temperature and variable fresh water demand." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5671.

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An accurate model for RO process has significant importance in the simulation and optimization proposes. A steady state model of RO process is developed based on solution diffusion theory to describe the permeation through membrane and thin film approach is used to describe the concentration polarization. The model is validated against the operation data reported in the literature. For the sake of clear understanding of the interaction of feed temperature and salinity on the design and operation of RO based desalination systems, simultaneous optimization of design and operation of RO network i

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19

Lara, Ruiz Jorge Horacio Juan. "An advanced vapor-compression desalination system." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3340.

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Currently, the two dominant desalination methods are reverse osmosis (RO) and multi-stage flash (MSF). RO requires large capital investment and maintenance, whereas MSF is too energy intensive. An innovative vapor-compression desalination system is developed in this study. A comprehensive mathematical model for the heat exchanger/evaporator is described. The literature indicates that extraordinarily high overall heat transfer coefficients for the evaporator are possible at selected operating conditions that employ dropwise condensation in the steam side and pool boiling in the liquid side. A s

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20

Rees, Jones David. "The convective desalination of sea ice." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/246582.

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This thesis aims to improve our understanding of the fundamental processes affecting the growth of sea ice in the polar oceans in order to improve climate models. Newly formed sea ice contains a significant amount of salt as liquid brine in the interstices of an ice matrix. My focus is on one of the processes by which the salt content of sea ice decreases, namely convective desalination, which is also often called gravity drainage by geophysicists. Modelling convective desalination requires an understanding not only of the thermo-dynamics of sea-ice growth but also of its internal fluid dynami

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21

Chen, Yuanhong. "Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) desalination of sea water." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60676.

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The distillation of sea water is of importance for the future demands for potable water and other uses in the world. A novel technique, based on electrohydrodynamic (EHD) principles, was used in this realm to desalinate artificial sea water of 3.3% (w/V) concentration. A single point corona electrode was operated at a potential of 5.3 kV (maximum output current 0.3 mA), and was installed one cm over the surface of sea water. The flux of air ions was about 3.0 $ times$ 10$ sp{12}$ cm$ sp{-2}$ s$ sp{-1}$ which produced an average electric wind of 1.72 m s$ sp{-1}$ at the sea water surface. Space

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22

Perera, Dehiwalage Harshani Nimalika. "Thin film composite membranes for desalination." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709429.

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23

Mistry, Karan H. (Karan Hemant). "Irreversibilities and nonidealities in desalination systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/81703.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2013.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 207-220).<br>Energy requirements for desalination systems must be reduced to meet increasing global demand for fresh water. This thesis identifies thermodynamic limits for the energetic performance of desalination systems and establishes the importance of irreversibilities and solution composition to the actual performance obtained. Least work of separation for a desalination system is derived and generalized to apply

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24

Chung, Hyung Won. "Membrane distillation for high salinity desalination." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/100061.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2015.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 57-60).<br>Membrane distillation systems typically have low energy efficiency. Multistage membrane distillation (MD) systems can have significantly higher efficiencies than their single stage counterparts. However, multistage MD system design has r

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25

Al-Zuhairi, Ahmed. "A novel manipulated osmosis desalination process." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2008. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/2726/.

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The. present study, Manipulated Osmosis Desalination (MOD) looks at a process based on the replacement of the conventional reverse osmosis (RO) process, in which the water from a pressurised solution is separated from the solutes (the dissolved material) by a two stage membrane process. The fIrst stage uses forward osmosis (Fa) that naturally drives out the fresh solvent from a concentrated salt solution by manipulating the osmotic energy potential through innovative use of osmotic agents. The second step involves nanofiltration (NF) separation to regenerate the OA and produce the clean water.

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26

Gude, Veera Gnaneswar. "Desalination using low grade heat sources." access full-text online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium, 2007. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?3296129.

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Batho, Mark P. (Mark Peter) 1968. "Economics of seawater desalination in Cyprus." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67163.

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Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1999.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 48-52).<br>The Republic of Cyprus is currently suffering from severe drought conditions. This is not uncommon to Cyprus, as they frequently experience three to four year droughts every decade. They are currently in the middle of their fourth year of drought. Some Cypriots believe that the main reason for water shortages is due only to low levels of rainfall (average rainfall in Cyprus is 500 mm per year, and less than 400 mm per year is consider

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28

CAMPIONE, Antonino. "Electrodialysis modelling for low energy desalination." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/395212.

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Hoffman, Anton Michael. "Design guidelines for a reverse osmosis desalination plant / Anton Michael Hoffman." Thesis, North-West University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4211.

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There are two basic needs globally and that is the control and supply of reliable electricity and clean water. However, one of the biggest challenges the world is facing today is the lack of fresh water resources. Lower rainfall, together with population and industry growth, are only a few factors contributing to the fast increasing strain on existing water supplies around the world. This fast increasing need therefore necessitates the investigation into finding alternative sources. One such option is that of desalination. In the last 50 years desalination technologies have been applied to pro

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Hughes, Amanda Jane. "Solar powered membrane distillation for seawater desalination." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2922.

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This thesis presents an investigation into the performance of a Membrane Distillation (MD) system used for seawater desalination. The research is focused on the effects of intermittent use of the MD module when powered with a solar energy collector. The aim is to assess the feasibility of directly powering an MD unit with a fluctuating input from a solar collector. An investigation into the effect of temperature on the microstructure of the membrane was carried out. In a series of experiments, samples of PTFE membrane were imaged while heated from 17 C to temperatures between 60 C and 80 C. It

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31

Igobo, Opubo. "Low-temperature isothermal Rankine cycle for desalination." Thesis, Aston University, 2016. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/28569/.

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In brackish groundwater desalination, high recovery ratio (of fresh water from saline feed) is desired to minimise concentrate reject. To this effect, previous studies have developed a batch reverse osmosis (RO) desalination system, DesaLink, which proposed to expand steam in a reciprocating piston cylinder and transmit the driving force through a linkage crank mechanism to pressurise batches of saline water (recirculating) in a water piston cylinder unto RO membranes. However, steam is largely disadvantaged at operation from low temperature (< 150oC) thermal sources; and organic working fluid

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Sempere, Catherine. "Nanofluidic insight into energy harvesting and desalination." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10200/document.

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La première partie de cette thèse constitue une introduction aux différentes méthodes de conversion d'énergie et de dessalement qui seront évoquées dans cet ouvrage. Dans une deuxième partie, nous montrons que la conductance ionique d'un réseau de nanopores est sous-additive avec le nombre de pores. La contribution individuelle de chaque pore à la conductance globale tend vers une valeur nulle, pour un réseau suffisamment grand. On note que seuls des rapports de longueurs interviennent, et que le choix d'une échelle nanométrique n'a pas d'influence dans l'effet observé. Ensuite, dans une trois

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Li, Chennan. "Innovative Desalination Systems Using Low-grade Heat." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4126.

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Water and energy crises have forced researchers to seek alternative water and energy sources. Seawater desalination can contribute towards meeting the increasing demand for fresh water using alternative energy sources like low-grade heat. Industrial waste heat, geothermal, solar thermal, could help to ease the energy crisis. Unfortunately, the efficiency of the conventional power cycle becomes uneconomically low with low-grade heat sources, while, at the same time, seawater desalination requires more energy than a conventional water treatment process. However, heat discarded from low-grade hea

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Roy, Yagnaseni. "Modeling nanofiltration for large scale desalination applications." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/100096.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2015.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 91-94).<br>The Donnan Steric Pore Model with dielectric exclusion (DSPM-DE) is implemented over flatsheet and spiral-wound leaves to develop a comprehensive model for nanofiltration modules. This model allows the user to gain insight into the physics of the nanofiltration process by allowing one to adjust and investigate effects of membrane charge, pore radius, and other membrane characteristics. The study shows

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Cohen-Tanugi, David. "Nanoporous graphene as a water desalination membrane." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/98743.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 2015.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 147-162).<br>Desalination is one of the most promising approaches to supply new fresh water in the face of growing water issues. However, commercial reverse osmosis (RO) techniques still suffer from important drawbacks. In order for desalination to live up to the water challenges of this century, a step-change is needed in RO membrane technology. Thanks to significant advances in the field of computa

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Dave, Shreya H. "Assessing graphene oxide for water desalination applications." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/107077.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2016.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 121-133).<br>Water desalination plays a critical role in augmenting the fresh water supplies for water scarce regions. However, despite considerable improvements in system efficiencies, it still remains six to ten times more expensive than treating freshwater for drinking. As a result, the construction and operation of a desalination plant places considerable economic burden on the regions that require such an

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Dahdah, Tawfiq. "Superstructure optimization of hybrid thermal desalination configurations." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/85452.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2013.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 95-105).<br>As the global demand for freshwater continues to increase, a larger number of resources are dedicated to seawater desalination technologies. In areas with high temperature and salinity water, thermal desalination technologies are often employed. In other areas, reverse osmosis technologies are more popular. While both these technologies have witnessed improvements in recent years, economic and perform

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Park, Gavin Lawrence. "Wind-powered membrane desalination of brackish water." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2532.

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This thesis presents a detailed investigation of the technical feasibility, challenges and performance issues associated with the direct-connection of a wind turbine to a membrane (wind-membrane) system for treating brackish water in remote communities. The direct-connection of these two technologies negates the reliance on energy storage in batteries, which are traditionally used, but result in reduced system efficiency and increased life-cycle costs. Furthermore, the lack of knowledge of the safe operating window in which transient operation of membrane systems is beneficial or tolerable can

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Mazlan, Nur Muna. "Forward osmosis for desalination and water recovery." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/45550.

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In recent years, there has been an increased interest in forward osmosis (FO) from academic research and industry with a rising number of FO academic publications in the last decade. The common perception of FO as a low energy process compared to reverse osmosis (RO) sparked interest in this area. Nevertheless, there are some major challenges that need to be addressed before FO can be successfully implemented as an effective technology. Some of these challenges are addressed in this dissertation, starting with the assessment of FO as a low energy process. A modelling approach was used to asses

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Ping, Qingyun. "Advancing Microbial Desalination Cell towards Practical Applications." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73373.

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Conventional desalination plant, municipal water supply and wastewater treatment system are among the most electricity-intensive facilities. Microbial Desalination Cell (MDC) has emerged as a promising technique to capture the chemical energy stored in wastewater directly for desalination, which has the potential to solve the high energy consumption issue in desalination industry as well as wastewater treatment system. The MDC is composed of two critical components, the electrodes (anode and cathode), and the ion-exchange membranes separating the two electrodes which drive anions migrate towar

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Benson, Michelle Suzanne. "Solar Membrane Pervaporation for Brine Water Desalination." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/144232.

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Wakter, Simon. "Technological Feasibility of Water Desalination using SMRs." Thesis, KTH, Fysik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-239617.

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Kennedy, Clinton P. "Water Desalination: Arizona, California, Nevada and Mexico." DigitalCommons@USU, 2012. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1223.

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This was a study on the history of the Colorado River, the water challenges of the Lower Basin states and the international water laws that govern the United States and Mexico concerning the Colorado river. The main purpose of this study was to determine possible long-term solutions to the growing water needs of the Lower Basin states and how Mexico could help. After discussing some concerns that the Lower Basin states had, research was done on the different types of desalination. This research included the different methods and their processes. MSF, MED, RO and MVC methods are discussed menti

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GOMES, RODRIGO KLIM. "THERMAL DESALINATION AS AN OPTION FOR WATER SUPPLY: A STUDY OF THERMAL DESALINATION TECHNOLOGY AND PRELIMINARY ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2011. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=19356@1.

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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR<br>A dessalinização térmica é uma técnica utilizada em diversas partes do mundo para produção de água. Países como Estados Unidos, Israel, Espanha e Grécia utilizam esse tipo de sistema em grande escala, garantindo um abastecimento constante para alguns pontos de seu território e contribuindo para o aperfeiçoamento dos sistemas de produção. No Brasil, apesar da vasta bacia hidrográfica e da existência de grandes reservatórios subterrâneos, a dessalinização térmica poderia ser vista como alternativa de produção para apoiar o desenvolv

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45

Bin, Marshad Saud Mohammed H. "Economic evaluation of seawater desalination : a case study analysis of cost of water production from seawater desalination in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2996.

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As a result of the increasing scarcity of freshwater resources worldwide, many countries have resorted to the use of unconventional sources, of which seawater desalination is the most significant, for meeting the supply-demand gap. However, despite the recorded advances in desalination technologies of recent decades, desalination remains a very expensive operation and operators will be greatly assisted if reliable means of predicting the costs are available to aid effective decision making during planning of new plants or the operation of existing plants. To achieve this, it is important to fu

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46

Martinez, Hiroki. "Design of a desalination plant : aspects to consider." Thesis, University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-6995.

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<p>One of the main problems our actual society faces is the shortage of water. Despite the great effort made by authorities and researchers, multiple countries with poor economic resources are experiencing serious difficulties derivative of water scarcity. Desalination provides a feasible solution for inland and coastal areas. Through literature and reviewed articles analysis the reader will meet the actual issues regarding designing a desalination plant, and more over with reverse osmosis (RO) processes, which are the main arguments of this work. One of the big deals is the environmental conc

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47

Kullab, Alaa. "Desalination using Membrane Distillation : Experimental and Numerical Study." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Kraft- och värmeteknologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-44405.

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Desalination has been increasingly adopted over the last decades as an option, and sometimes as a necessity to overcome water shortages in many areas around the world. Today, several thermal and physical separation technologies are well established in large scale production for domestic and industrial purposes. Membrane distillation is a novel thermally-driven process that can be adapted effectively for water desalination or water treatment in industrial applications, due to its potential lower energy consumption and simplicity. The general objective of this thesis is to contribute to the tec

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Harrison, Catherine J. "Bench-scale testing of seawater desalination using nanofiltration /." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2005. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/dissertations/fullcit/1433104.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 2005.<br>"August, 2005." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 80-84). Library also has microfilm. Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [2005]. 1 microfilm reel ; 35 mm. Online version available on the World Wide Web.

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Chamier, Jessica. "Composite carbon membranes for the desalination of water." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/353.

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50

Miller, Jacob A. S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Numerical balancing in a humidification dehumidification desalination system." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68692.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2011.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 115-118).<br>This thesis details research on the thermal and concentration balancing of a humidification dehumidification desalination system. The system operates similarly to the natural rain cycle. Seawater is heated, sprayed into an airstream to increa

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