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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Directional well"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 28 maggio 2022

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1

Mucha, Piotr Bogusław, e Piotr Rybka. "Well posedness of sudden directional diffusion equations". Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 36, n. 17 (9 aprile 2013): 2359–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mma.2759.

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2

Wang, Jiangtao, Longlong Qian, Songwei Wang, Li Shi e Zhizhong Wang. "Directional Preference in Avian Midbrain Saliency Computing Nucleus Reflects a Well-Designed Receptive Field Structure". Animals 12, n. 9 (28 aprile 2022): 1143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12091143.

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Neurons responding sensitively to motions in several rather than all directions have been identified in many sensory systems. Although this directional preference has been demonstrated by previous studies to exist in the isthmi pars magnocellularis (Imc) of pigeon (Columba livia), which plays a key role in the midbrain saliency computing network, the dynamic response characteristics and the physiological basis underlying this phenomenon are unclear. Herein, dots moving in 16 directions and a biologically plausible computational model were used. We found that pigeon Imc’s significant responses for objects moving in preferred directions benefit the long response duration and high instantaneous firing rate. Furthermore, the receptive field structures predicted by a computational model, which captures the actual directional tuning curves, agree with the real data collected from population Imc units. These results suggested that directional preference in Imc may be internally prebuilt by elongating the vertical axis of the receptive field, making predators attack from the dorsal-ventral direction and conspecifics flying away in the ventral-dorsal direction, more salient for avians, which is of great ecological and physiological significance for survival.

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3

Li, Kun Yuan, Yan Mei Zhang e Jun Liu. "Application of Computer in the Directional Well Technology". Applied Mechanics and Materials 513-517 (febbraio 2014): 2835–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.513-517.2835.

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The directional well technology is developing with the increasing demand for energy, and the computer science plays an important role, which not only decrease the design time of the directional well, but also improve the drilling accuracy. The application of computer in rotary steering system makes it possible to realize the intelligent Directional well system.

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4

Weinert-Rączka, E., e R. Iwanow. "Multiple Quantum Well Directional Coupler with Photorefractive Grating". Acta Physica Polonica A 99, n. 1 (gennaio 2001): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.12693/aphyspola.99.175.

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5

Bagazeev, Viktor, Niyaz Valiev, Konstantin Kokarev e Vasiliy Startsev. "Method of placer mining by directional well drilling". E3S Web of Conferences 56 (2018): 01022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20185601022.

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The study aims at justifying the method for the development of placers by directed drilling of wells. A description is given of the opening of the site, the receding and oncoming scheme of the digging excavation, drilling and expansion of the wells, the main hydraulic unit with remote control. The physics-mechanical substantiation of technological parameters is given: hydro-jet erosion, the shape and size of the cleaning chambers, the adaptation of hydrotransport calculation methods. With jetting, the required flow rate and pressure of water to break rocks is based on the laws of soil mechanics. The parameters of the clearing space and the shape of the chambers are taken in accordance with the magnitude of the vault of natural equilibrium. As a determining factor in the calculation of gravity hydrotransport, the consistency of the pulp is adopted with observance of the condition necessary for the bearing capacity. To adapt the methodology for calculating the hydraulic lifting of pulp to the conditions of well development, the coefficient of dilution is taken as the main design parameter. Modeling of jetting jet in the laboratory conditions was carried out, dependences of decrease in axial pressure were obtained at removal of the face from the nozzle.

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6

Zucker, J. E., K. L. Jones, M. G. Young, B. I. Miller e U. Koren. "Compact directional coupler switches using quantum well electrorefraction". Applied Physics Letters 55, n. 22 (27 novembre 1989): 2280–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102037.

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7

Gang, Mingchao, Weiyi Xie, Honglin Luo, Shengshan Chen, Yanjie Cui, Yi Su e Rui Wang. "Simulation of directional well trajectory using tension spline". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1074 (settembre 2018): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1074/1/012013.

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8

Shen, M. Y., R. Asayama, T. Goto e T. Yao. "Directional luminescence from quantum dots in quantum well". Journal of Applied Physics 93, n. 5 (marzo 2003): 2957–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1543632.

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9

Carpenter, Chris. "Deep Directional Electromagnetic Technique Improves Well-Drilling Efficiency". Journal of Petroleum Technology 73, n. 10 (1 ottobre 2021): 51–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/1021-0051-jpt.

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This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 202265, “Leap of Faith From Conventional to EM Look-Ahead: A Game-Changing Technology To Improve Well Efficiency,” by Muhamad Yanuar Mahardi, Hendarsyah Hendarsyah, and Kharisma Endarmoyo, PT Pertamina, et al., prepared for the 2020 SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, originally scheduled to be held in Perth, Australia, 20–22 October. The paper has not been peer reviewed. The structure in the Matindok block in Central Sulawesi operated by Pertamina has proven producible gas reserves in the Minahaki formation. One of the main challenges in this area is the low resolution of seismic data, leading to a high depth uncertainty. The complete paper describes a technology developed to meet these challenges with the capability to map and detect lithology changes ahead of the bit in real time. Geological Background A first exploration well, PEP-001, was drilled in 2018. The structure has a Miocene carbonate buildup play, and the target reservoir is the M pinnacle carbonate reef. The PEP-001 well was planned to set the 9⅝-in. casing point above the top of the M formation. Offset wells did not show any clear markers in the thick shale above the M formation that could have been used for log correlation. In previously drilled offset wells, correlation was performed convention-ally by examination of cutting samples and on drilling breaks. However, when Well PEP-001 was drilled, no apparent drilling break was observed. By the time cuttings reached the surface, the bit had drilled into 20 m of the M formation. Because the casing covered most of the upper carbonate formation, openhole logging and well-testing data were not acquired to delineate the target formation optimally. The second exploration well, PEP-002, was planned with an objective of setting 9⅝-in. casing approximately 5 m above the top of M to acquire full-interval coverage of coring, openhole wireline logging, and well testing. This information was critical for optimal reservoir delineation to allow for accurate reserves calculation and future development. Conventional correlation methods have proven insufficient for casing point placement. The presence of limestone stringers in offset wells within proximity of the top of M presented an additional challenge. The stringers could have been misinterpreted as the main carbonate body, if interpretation were based solely on cutting samples. Real-Time Electromagnetic (EM) Look-Ahead Technology

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10

Chudyk, I. I., A. M. Livinskyi, Akhmed Al Tanakchi e A. M. Pastuch. "THE APPLICATION FEATURES OF DIRECTIONAL BHAS WHILE DRILLING DIRECTIONAL WELLS". Prospecting and Development of Oil and Gas Fields, n. 1(70) (29 marzo 2019): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/1993-9973-2019-1(70)-17-24.

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The article presents a scientific and practical approach to assessing the energy efficiency of directional bottom hole assembly on the basis of the mud motor. The main design feature of these assemblies is the presence of a bent angle in the spindle section of the mud motor. The conditions of operation of such assemblies are considered for a combined drilling method with a various number of stabilizers. Particular attention is paid to determining the causes of unproductive energy costs on the work of the directional bottomhole assemblies in the borehole.The mathematical model improved by the authors includes the geometric features of the assembly design, the bent angle of the spindle of the mud motor as to its body, the number of the stabilizers and the location of their installation, the borehole inclination angle, the physical and mechanical characteristics of the subsurface rock that forms it. The authors calculated the energy consumption for rotation and the axial displacement of the assemblies in the directional well taking into account the deflection forces on the bit and the reaction on the stabilizers. The researchers suggest the use of the indicator of specific energy costs to overcome the forces and moments of the environment resistance during the work of the directional assemblies using the method of combined drilling.Using the results of analytical research and the developed approach the authors study energy costs for thework of the directional bottom hole assemblies with a various number of the stabilizers. The study is conducted for the slick assemblies, as well as for assemblies with one- and two-stabilizers. It is established that directional assemblies with one stabilizer are characterized by the highest values of the forces of resistance of axial displacement and rotation in the directional well. As they are high-torque, energy-consuming and the most energy-intensive systems, their practical use is limited. The main factors in the formation of energy costs for the work of directional assemblies while applying the combined drilling method are the number of the stabilizers and the inclination range.

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11

Zheng, Shuang Jin, Zhi Qiang Huang e Hong Jian Wu. "A Calculation Method for WOB Conducting of Directional Well". Applied Mechanics and Materials 318 (maggio 2013): 196–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.318.196.

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In the course of drilling fordirectional well and horizontal well,thefriction of drill string affects the WOBconducting directly,the WOBat bottom hole is often lower than the WOBexpected,whichaffects the drilling efficiency seriously.Therefore,analyzing the WOB conductingscientificallyand calculating the actual WOBat bottom hole accurately is the key for ensuring the drilling efficiency. The effectof mud on the axial force and the structural characteristicsof drill string are considered before analyzing the force of drill string in directionalwell. Then basedon the hook load, the actual WOB at bottom hole can be calculated by establishingthe WOB conducting model for directional well,which results in practicalsignificance for analyzing WOB conducting, guiding the drilling constructionand improving drilling efficiency.

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12

Bybee, Karen. "A Review of Cuttings Transport in Directional-Well Drilling". Journal of Petroleum Technology 63, n. 02 (1 febbraio 2011): 52–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0211-0052-jpt.

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13

Carpenter, Chris. "Fieldwide Determination of Directional Permeabilities Through Transient Well Testing". Journal of Petroleum Technology 69, n. 02 (1 febbraio 2017): 63–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0217-0063-jpt.

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14

Carpenter, Chris. "Optimizing Lateral Well Spacing by Improving Directional-Survey Accuracy". Journal of Petroleum Technology 69, n. 11 (1 novembre 2017): 50–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/1117-0050-jpt.

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15

CHUANG, C. L., R. JIN, JIAJIN XU, P. A. HARTEN, G. KHITROVA, H. M. GIBBS, S. G. LEE et al. "GaAs/AlGaAs MULTIPLE-QUANTUM-WELL NONLINEAR OPTICAL DIRECTIONAL COUPLER". Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 01, n. 04 (ottobre 1992): 799–828. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218199192000406.

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The design, fabrication and characterization of passive and active GaAs/AlGaAs nonlinear directional couplers with a multiple-quantum-well (MQW) guiding region are summarized. Picosecond one-beam and two-beam switching using the carrier-induced optical nonlinearities and femtosecond switching using the optical Stark effect are both reviewed. Two-transverse-dimension beam-propagation computations with the optical nonlinearities modeled by the plasma theory are presented, and found to be in good agreement with our previously reported carrier-induced switching characteristics and with our new results with current injection.

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16

Pan, Yan, Medhat M. Kamal e Wayne Narr. "Fieldwide Determination of Directional Permeabilities Using Transient Well Testing". SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering 22, n. 02 (1 maggio 2019): 734–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/181437-pa.

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17

Xu, Song, Xiao Ming Tang, Ming Chen, Yuan Da Su, Yu Ping Qian, Dianqiang Sun e Carlos Torres-Verdín. "Estimation of directional crack density and fluid properties from well logs in vertical wells". GEOPHYSICS 86, n. 4 (15 giugno 2021): D113—D124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2020-0710.1.

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The study of elastic properties of fractured/cracked rocks has been an important subject of interest in seismology and geophysical exploration. Downhole logging provides a direct measurement of fractured rock properties in terms of elastic wave velocities and anisotropy. Most existing studies only provide qualitative descriptions of fracture properties as evidenced from the acquired measurements. To better use downhole measurements, we have derived a comprehensive theoretical analysis and developed an inversion technique to characterize fracture properties. Theoretical results for cracked rocks show that crack density, crack alignment direction, and crack filling materials are the three main fracture parameters that strongly affect the elastic wave properties of fractured rocks. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of the crack effects on elastic properties shows that the measured elastic moduli can be used to evaluate the crack parameters of cracked rocks. We assume that cracks with any orientational distribution can be divided into two parts: horizontal and vertical. Based on the theoretical analysis, we develop an inversion method to estimate fracture parameters from well logs acquired in a vertical borehole. We assume a rock-physics model for rocks that adds effective horizontal and vertical cracks that are filled with liquid in an isotropic background, the elastic and fluid properties of which are inverted from the measured logs. The inversion method enables the quantification of the directional crack density and crack-filling material when applied to field logging measurements acquired in fractured formations. Theoretically predicted fracture properties are validated with formation microresistivity scan logging data and are consistent with the interpretation results.

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18

Voievidko, I. V., e V. V. Tokaruk. "THE DESIGN OF THE TRAJECTORY OF A SPATIALLY DEVIATED WELL". Prospecting and Development of Oil and Gas Fields, n. 1(70) (29 marzo 2019): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/1993-9973-2019-1(70)-52-59.

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Natural spatial deviation is due to the non-conformity of the type of a BHA and geotechnical drilling conditions at a certain interval, as well as mistakes in conducting geological exploration. The article presents the method which benefits the most from the natural deviation and the use of non-directional bottom hole assemblies. The main idea of this method lies in the fact that the design of the well trajectory is directed from the center of the target area to the wellhead. The article describes the main sections which constitute the trajectory of a spatially deviated well including the section of big diameter in the upper intervals. The input data necessary for designing the profile are given. The authors present the method of calculating the drilling lot using non-directional BHAs. The method consists of several cyclic repetitive operations and each subsequent interval of the wellbore is designed taking into account the change of the inclination and azimuthal angles in the previous interval. The authors conduct the survey of devices for drilling the borehole section which is made using a directional BHA. In rotor drilling, the technical devices and directional drilling technology are quite complex, therefore whipstocks with mud motors are used more often. As a result of calculating the trajectory of the well with different transition points between directional andnon-directional BHAs on the axis parallel to the azimuth direction, an array of transition points from two-axis to single-axis directional BHAs is formed. When drawing these points on the well plan, the ellipse of intermediate depths of BHA change is formed. This ellipse makes it possible to choose the optimal two-axis BHA using the necessary inclination angle values at the final stage of drilling a big diameter wellbore and using the final depth of this interval. On the basis of the this method the authors create software that allows automating the process of designing the well trajectory, taking into account the change of geology in the log, technical parameters of wells construction and technological parameters of drilling. This software was used while designing a well trajectory, referring to certain geological drilling conditions.

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19

Pettersson, Heidi, Kimmo K. Kahma e Laura Tuomi. "Wave Directions in a Narrow Bay". Journal of Physical Oceanography 40, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2010): 155–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jpo4220.1.

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Abstract In slanting fetch conditions the direction of actively growing waves is strongly controlled by the fetch geometry. The effect was found to be pronounced in the long and narrow Gulf of Finland in the Baltic Sea, where it significantly modifies the directional wave climate. Three models with different assumptions on the directional coupling between the wave components were used to analyze the physics responsible for the directional behavior of the waves in the gulf. The directionally decoupled model produced the direction at the spectral peak correctly when the slanting fetch geometry was narrow but gave a weaker steering than observed when the fetch geometry was broader. The method of Donelan estimated well the direction at the spectral peak in well-defined slanting fetch conditions, but overestimated the longer fetch components during wave growth from a more complex shoreline. Neither the decoupled nor the Donelan model reproduced the observed shifting of direction with the frequency. The performance of the third-generation spectral wave model (WAM) in estimating the wave directions was strongly dependent on the grid resolution of the model. The dominant wave directions were estimated satisfactorily when the grid-step size was dropped to 5 km in the gulf, which is 70 km in its narrowest part. A mechanism based on the weakly nonlinear interactions is proposed to explain the strong steering effect in slanting fetch conditions.

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20

TSUTSUI, KATSU. "Workover on the directional well located in the Mubarras field." Journal of the Japanese Association for Petroleum Technology 50, n. 5 (1985): 339–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3720/japt.50.339.

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21

Lykhin, P. A., E. V. Usov, V. I. Chukhno, R. Z. Kurmangaliev e V. N. Ulyanov. "Simulation of gas-fluid flows motion in a directional well". Automation, Telemechanization and Communication in Oil Industry, n. 10 (2019): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33285/0132-2222-2019-10(555)-22-27.

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Xie, Haiming, Jing Zhou e Peifen Zhang. "Study on acoustic transmission characteristics of BHA in directional well". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 799 (19 maggio 2020): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/799/1/012012.

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23

Luo, L. S., Y. Q. Su, J. J. Guo, X. Z. Li, H. M. Yang e H. Z. Fu. "Producing well alignedin situcomposites in peritectic systems by directional solidification". Applied Physics Letters 92, n. 6 (11 febbraio 2008): 061903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2841639.

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Hsieh, H. C., e P. N. Robson. "Nonlinear optical waveguide directional coupler employing multiple quantum well structure". Journal of Applied Physics 64, n. 4 (15 agosto 1988): 1696–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.341763.

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25

Jiang, Minzheng, Yumiao Cai, Yu Lu e Dong Wang. "Research on Wear Law of Rod String in Directional Well". Journal of Applied Sciences 13, n. 21 (15 ottobre 2013): 4676–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jas.2013.4676.4680.

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26

Al Ajmi, Adel M., Raoof Gholami, Ali Shakouri e Oveis Farzay. "Optimum directional well path design considering collapse and fracture pressures". International Journal of Oil, Gas and Coal Technology 1, n. 1 (2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijogct.2022.10044083.

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27

Hoffmann, Dorothea, Bill Palmer e Alice Gaby. "Geocentric directional systems in Australia: a typology". Linguistics Vanguard 8, s1 (1 gennaio 2022): 67–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lingvan-2021-0063.

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Abstract This paper presents the results of a survey of geocentric directional systems across Australia using published and unpublished material as well as fieldwork data, providing the first systematic overview of such systems in Australia. The 116 sampled varieties, spoken across diverse landscapes, exhibit variation within and across languages. Many make use of more than one directional system. This paper sets out to create a systematic typological overview of geocentric directionals in Australia taking into account cultural and topographic salience, revisiting existing classifications of directional systems.

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Novrianti, Novrianti, Rycha Melisa e Rafhie Adrian. "Kick-Off Point (KOP) and End of Buildup (EOB) Data Analysis in Trajectory Design". Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology 2, n. 2 (1 giugno 2017): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.24273/jgeet.2017.2.2.302.

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Well X is a development well which is directionally drilled. Directional drilling is choosen because the coordinate target of Well X is above the buffer zone. The directional track plan needs accurate survey calculation in order to make the righ track for directional drilling. There are many survey calculation in directional drilling such as tangential, underbalance, average angle, radius of curvature, and mercury method. Minimum curvature method is used in this directional track plan calculation. This method is used because it gives less error than other method. Kick-Off Point (KOP) and End of Buildup (EOB) analysis is done at 200 ft, 400 ft, and 600 ft depth to determine the trajectory design and optimal inclination. The hole problem is also determined in this trajectory track design. Optimal trajectory design determined at 200 ft depth because the inclination below 35º and also already reach the target quite well at 1632.28 ft TVD and 408.16 AHD. The optimal inclination at 200 ft KOP depth because the maximum inclination is 18.87º which is below 35º. Hole problem will occur if the trajectory designed at 600 ft. The problems are stuck pipe and the casing or tubing will not able to bend.

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Ziha, Kalman. "Effects of Loading Fields on Marine Objects". Journal of Ship Production and Design 26, n. 04 (1 novembre 2010): 252–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jspd.2010.26.4.252.

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This technical note evokes directionally nonuniform loading field effects on exposures of marine objects and structures in service under environmental conditions. The note firstly reveals the statistical variability of distributions of probabilities and the entropy concept of uncertainty of systems of events for identification, ordering and presentation of probabilistic seasonal nonuniformities of wind wave loading fields. This paper provides diagram of variability of wind wave directions and the chart of ocean-wide directional nonuniformities compiled from the Global Wave Statistics (GWS). It also considers seasonal loading field distributions of wind wave heights against wave directions as well as methods for calculation and presentation of directional exposabilities of marine objects and structures. The study introduces two methods for favorable placement and selection of sustainable directions of marine objects and structures exposed seasonally to nonuniform wind wave loading fields based on criteria for minimal average exposure and on robust uniform exposures during service period. The note elaborates examples of favorable placement of a marine object on six piles near the east Brazilian coast and of an oil tanker in the Gulf of Mexico. The note at the end illustrates the use of the multiple-criteria approach either to support decisions about optimal placement and sustainable headings to waves or for avoidance of unfavorable directional field effects and their combination on marine objects and structures.

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Zhang, Jian Bing, Xin Liu e Xiang Hong Lv. "Multi-Objective Optimization Method for Borehole Trajectory Design of Directional Well". Applied Mechanics and Materials 152-154 (gennaio 2012): 816–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.152-154.816.

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To offer those who are engaged in oil development a multi-objective design method of borehole trajectory for a directional well, the author adopted optimization theory to build a multi-objective optimization mathematic model with the shortest trajectory, the lowest drill string torque and the minimum rig hook load as final objectives, and put forward an approach to seek effective solutions to these multi-objective programming problems with ideal point method. The approach proposed in the paper can help satisfy concurrently multiple objectives of drilling design for an oilfield to implement the multi-objective optimization design schemes of borehole trajectory for a directional well, and to reduce the oilfield development costs accordingly.

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Sanchez, R. Alfredo, J. J. Azar, A. A. Bassal e A. L. Martins. "Effect of Drillpipe Rotation on Hole Cleaning During Directional-Well Drilling". SPE Journal 4, n. 02 (1 giugno 1999): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/56406-pa.

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Yamaguchi, T., K. Tada e T. Ishikawa. "Vertical multiple-quantum-well directional-coupler switch with low switching voltage". IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 4, n. 7 (luglio 1992): 723–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/68.145251.

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Cada, M., B. P. Keyworth, J. M. Glinski, C. Rolland, A. J. SpringThorpe, K. O. Hill e R. A. Soref. "Electro‐optical switching in a GaAs multiple quantum well directional coupler". Applied Physics Letters 54, n. 25 (19 giugno 1989): 2509–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.101077.

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Shi, S., P. Li Kam Wa, A. Miller, J. Pamulapati, P. Cooke e Mitra Dutta. "Multi‐quantum‐well zero‐gap directional coupler with disordered branching waveguides". Applied Physics Letters 66, n. 1 (2 gennaio 1995): 79–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.114151.

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Jiménez, David, Demetrio Labate e Manos Papadakis. "Directional analysis of 3D tubular structures via isotropic well-localized atoms". Applied and Computational Harmonic Analysis 40, n. 3 (maggio 2016): 588–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acha.2015.08.011.

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Maidla, Eric E., e Andrew K. Wojtanowicz. "A field method for assessing borehole friction for directional well casing". Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 1, n. 4 (ottobre 1988): 323–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0920-4105(88)90007-1.

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AL-Jawad, Dr Mohammed S., Dr A. A. AL Dabaj e Hassan Abdul Hadi Abdul Hussien. "Prediction of Performance of Rotary Bottom Hole Assembly For Directional Well". Journal of Petroleum Research and Studies 4, n. 3 (1 dicembre 2013): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.52716/jprs.v4i3.115.

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A finite element model was constructed to predict inclination tendency for multistabilizer rotary BHA in three dimensions, static condition. The bottom hole assembly was idealized with beam element capable of resisting axial forces, bending moments about the two principal axes, and twisting moments about its centroidal axis. Bit and stabilizer were treated as contact point and restricted from movement in all directions. Each element is loaded with gravity and normal contact forces. Model validation showed closer agreement between the model and Jiazhi's method (analytic) for slick, single, and two stabilizers BHA, compared to Akgun results. Predictions with finite element model showed that for building assembly, the weight on bit had small effect on bit side force especially in high angle wells. Also inclination tendency (building, dropping) would depend on position of the stabilizer, diameter of drillcollar behind the bit, and number of stabilizers.

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38

Wu, Hui Mei, Yi Shan Lou, Zhong Hui Li, Liang Zhu e Wan Long Huang. "Wellbore Stability Research to the Direction Well in the Salt Layer". Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (maggio 2011): 4042–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.4042.

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The creep of salt layer often leads to tight hole and pipe sticking, while the deviation angle has an important impact on creep rate when drilling directional wells in salt layer. This paper firstly built the creep constitutive model according to the creep property of salt layers, and defined the creep parameters by field data and log data; then built geomechanics model and applied FLAC3Dsoftware to simulate the creep of salt layer, so the safe mud density window drilling the salt layers smoothly is obtained. at the same time, at last analyzed the effect of the deviation angle to the drilling in the salt layer, The conclusion is that when the overburden pressure is major principal stress, drilling mud density is certain, the creep rate increases with the increasing of the deviation angle, the safe mud density also increased, the high deviation angle directional well in salt layers is much more risky. The conclude makes great contribution to the optimizing deviation angle, designing well track and reducing the drilling troubles when drilling directional wells in the salt layer.

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39

Skinner, Grant, Mauro Viandante, Kamal Jansen, David Thornton, Mike Rapaic e Kanchit Jantarangsi. "Reservoir mapping: the latest development in well placement". APPEA Journal 53, n. 2 (2013): 438. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj12049.

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The PTTEP Australasia Montara development wells were recently drilled using a new deep-directional electromagnetic-resistivity tool, which enabled the simultaneous real-time mapping of multiple and varied geological and fluid boundaries in a thick reservoir, through the entire length of the horizontal section. Conventionally, geosteering is undertaken using borehole-scale measurements; data at this scale requires the wellbore to come in close proximity or cross a feature before it is detected. This scale of measurement is good for finer detail features but does not allow for visualisation of the geology beyond what it is measured at or just beyond the borehole wall. Nor does it enable a refinement of the geophysical subsurface unless at points of contact between the well and the feature that needs to be avoided. To bridge the gap between surface seismic resolution and measurements obtained at the borehole scale, a new deep-directional electromagnetic tool sensitive to variable resistivities but able to identify boundaries tens of metres away was required. The past decade has shown a significant development in resistivity measurement technology providing directional resistivity at a significantly larger scale than conventional logging tools. The first generation allowed wells to be placed proactively, removing the need to cross the boundary or be very close to it before it was identified. This latest generation of proactive geosteering tools has been developed to remove this gap, allowing for a refinement in geophysical/geological models and a new methodology in geosteering, moving the game from boundary to reservoir geosteering.

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40

Luxmoore, Jamie F., Suzana Ilic e Nobuhito Mori. "On kurtosis and extreme waves in crossing directional seas: a laboratory experiment". Journal of Fluid Mechanics 876 (8 agosto 2019): 792–817. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2019.575.

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We examine the statistical properties of extreme and rogue wave activity in crossing directional seas, to constrain the probabilistic distributions of wave heights and wave crests in complex sea states; such crossing seas alter the statistical structure of surface waves and are known to have been involved in several marine accidents. Further, we examine the relationship between the kurtosis as an indicator of nonlinearity in the spectrum and the directionality and crossing angles of the sea-state components. Experimental tests of two-component directionally spread irregular waves with varying frequency, directional spreading and component crossing angles were carried out at the Ocean Basin Laboratory in Trondheim, Norway. The results from the experiments show that wave heights are well described by a first-order (linear) statistical distribution, while for the wave crest heights several cases exceed a second-order distribution. The number of rogue waves is relatively low overall, which agrees with previous findings in directionally spread seas. The kurtosis and wave and crest height exceedance probabilities were more affected by varying the directional spreading of the components than by varying the crossing angles between components; reducing the component directional spreading increases the kurtosis and increases the exceedance probabilities. The kurtosis can be estimated quite well for two-component seas from the directional spreading using an empirical relationship based on the two-dimensional Benjamin–Feir index when the effects of bound modes are included. This result may allow forecasting of the probability of extreme waves from the directional spreading in complex sea states.

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41

Lu, Fuwei, Hui Du, Zhaojun Chen, Xianbin Zhang, Houping Gong e Yun Xue. "Stable Dispersed MoS2 Nanosheets in Liquid Lubricant with Enhanced Rate of Penetration for Directional Well". Journal of Nanomaterials 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8563870.

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MoS2 nanosheets of approx. 100 nm were synthesized by a reverse microemulsion route firstly, then were annealed under nitrogen atmosphere, and were finally modified with 1-dodecanethiol. The prepared MoS2 nanosheets were characterized by XRD, TEM, FTIR, and so forth. Experimental results show that MoS2 nanosheets with the typical layer structure can be easily dispersed in oil lubricant for rate of penetration (ROP) increasing in directional well. The ROP of directional well with the prepared liquid lubricant was 52.9% higher than that of the similar directional wells at least, and the drilling velocity was increased 20% while the total proportion of lubricant in drilling fluid was 1.5%.

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42

Sharafutdinov, Zarif Z., Said F. Urmancheev e Rim A. Kapaev. "Assessment the readiness of the well for pipeline pulling during the construction of underwater crossing". SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGIES OIL AND OIL PRODUCTS PIPELINE TRANSPORTATION 10, n. 5 (31 ottobre 2020): 470–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.28999/2541-9595-2020-10-5-470-478.

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Directional survey results are used to monitor the condition of the well when pulling through the pipeline. They can be considered as a technical justification for the regulation of design and contracting organizations specialized in the construction of underwater crossings. The objective of this paper is to analyze methods of obtaining and processing directional survey data to assess the suitability of a well for pipeline pulling. It is established that using modern research and development methods it is possible to describe the directional survey results and construct a geometric model of the well to calculate the stress-strain state of the pipeline during pulling. However, in order to build a model as close to the real conditions as possible, it is necessary to provide the results of the directional survey both on the lower generating line and on the arch. This is possible using downhole gyroscopes. It is possible to survey the lower generating line by any methods, and to survey the well arch only through a plastic (polypropylene) or aluminum pipe. The results of the directional survey carried out along the lower generating line and arch of the well will make it possible to describe them in an analytical way, to build an appropriate geometric model of the well bore and use it to assess the readiness of the well for pulling the pipeline during the submerged crossing construction.

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43

Sapińska-Śliwa, Aneta, Rafał Wiśniowski e Krzysztof Skrzypaszek. "Construction of Shale Gas Well". E3S Web of Conferences 35 (2018): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183501003.

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The paper describes shale gas borehole axes trajectories (vertical, horizontal, multilateral). The methodology of trajectory design in a two-and three-dimensional space has been developed. The selection of the profile type of the trajectory axes of the directional borehole depends on the technical and technological possibilities of its implementation and the results of a comprehensive economic analysis of the availability and development of the field. The work assumes the possibility of a multivariate design of trajectories depending on the accepted (available or imposed) input data.

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44

Shaikh, Abdul Qadir, Abdul Haque Tunio, Shoaib Riaz, Waseem Arshad e Habibullah Sargani. "Technical Performance Analysis of RSS and Mud Motors: A Case Study". International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology 10, n. 06 (14 dicembre 2022): 924–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14741/ijcet/v.10.6.5.

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As global demand for oil and gas increases, drilling directional and horizontal wells safely, efficiently and economically requires the best in expertise and technology. The drilling strategy required to reach these targets utilizes one of the several available directional drilling techniques which includes the use of Whipstock, Bent Sub, conventional directional Bottom hole assemblies, Rotary steerable system and positive displacement mud motors. Poor well trajectories become the matter of serious worry in deep and deviated sections of the wells with higher dogleg severity, lower ROP, tolls stucking which causes huge economic loss to the operators. In worst case scenarios the in-adequately drilled directional wells are abandoned. The main objective of this research study will be the intermediate drilling section of the well where the steering of the trajectories like directional drilling trajectories i.e. Slant well, S shaped well and Horizontal wells that will be considered for analysis. This study will analyze the performance of RSS and conventional mud motors, on the basis of rate of Penetration (ROP), drilling depth, and borehole quality.

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45

Imig, Thomas J., Pierre Poirier, W. Andrew Irons e Frank K. Samson. "Monaural Spectral Contrast Mechanism for Neural Sensitivity to Sound Direction in the Medial Geniculate Body of the Cat". Journal of Neurophysiology 78, n. 5 (1 novembre 1997): 2754–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1997.78.5.2754.

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Imig, Thomas J., Pierre Poirier, W. Andrew Irons, and Frank K. Samson. Monaural spectral contrast mechanism for neural sensitivity to sound direction in the medial geniculate body of the cat. J. Neurophysiol. 78: 2754–2771, 1997. Central auditory neurons vary in sound direction sensitivity. Insensitive cells discharge well to all sound source directions, whereas sensitive cells discharge well to certain directions and poorly to others. High-frequency neurons in the latter group are differentially sensitive to binaural and monaural directional cues present in broadband noise (BBN). Binaural directional (BD) cells require binaural stimulation for directional sensitivity; monaural directional (MD) cells are sensitive to the direction of monaural stimuli. A model of MD sensitivity was tested using single-unit responses. The model assumes that MD cells derive directional sensitivity from pinna-derived spectral cues (head related transfer function, HRTF). This assumption was supported by the similarity of effects that pinna orientation produces on locations of HRTF patterns and on locations of MD cell azimuth function peaks and nulls. According to the model, MD neurons derive directional sensitivity by use of excitatory/inhibitory antagonism to compare sound pressure in excitatory and inhibitory frequency domains, and a variety of observations are consistent with this idea. 1) Frequency response areas of MD cells consist of excitatory and inhibitory domains. MD cells exhibited a higher proportion of multiple excitatory domains and narrower excitatory frequency domains than BD cells, features that may reflect specialization for spectral-dependent directional sensitivity. 2) MD sensitivity requires sound pressure in excitatory and inhibitory frequency domains. Directional sensitivity was evaluated using stimuli with frequency components confined exclusively to excitatory domains (E-only stimuli) or distributed in both excitatory and inhibitory domains (E/I stimuli). Each of 13 MD cells that were tested exhibited higher directional sensitivity to E/I than to E-only stimuli; most MD cells exhibited relatively low directional sensitivity when frequency components were confined exclusively to excitatory domains. 3) MD sensitivity derives from excitatory/inhibitory antagonism (spectral inhibition). Comparison of responses to best frequency and E/I stimuli provided strong support for spectral inhibition. Although spectral facilitation conceivably could contribute to directional sensitivity with direction-dependent increases in response, the results did not show this to be a significant factor. 4) Direction-dependent decreases in responsiveness to BBN reflect increased sound pressure in inhibitory relative to excitatory frequency domains. This idea was tested using the strength of two-tone inhibition, which is a function of stimulus levels in inhibitory relative to excitatory frequency domains. The finding that two-tone inhibition was stronger at directions where BBN responses were minimal than at directions where they were maximal supports the model.

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46

Mohamed, Abdulrahman. "Novel approach for anti-collision planning optimization in directional wells". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 9, n. 2 (3 aprile 2020): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v9i2.30306.

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Abstract (sommario):

One of the most application of the directional drilling is drilling multiple wells from one location or platform. In drilling multiple wells from one location the major problem that faced is avoiding the collision with the offset wells that drilled near the proposed well in the same region. Therefore, the Potential of Collison between the wells can cause severe catastrophic accidents such as an explosion or oil spill. Several measurements of proximity calculation or methods have been adopted to control the distance between the wells, avoid the Collison, increas-ing the clearance along with smoothing the trajectory, Reducing the drilling time based on the anti-collision rules. A real case study of an offshore directional horizontal well drilled from the platform is studied through the paper. The proposed well is drilled in the neighboring of three Offset wells that should be Planned completely to avoid the Collison with them. The well is planned through an advanced anti-collision method that results in preventing the collision of well with optimized drilling performance through Oriented separation factor (OSF). This factor yields appropriate separation with OSF greater than 5. This yield efficient separation with offset well 1, offset well 2 and offset well 3 greater thant5, In addition to optimized drilling performance of 84% drilling versus 16% sliding that results in the completion of the well in 50 days with positive income that result in 8.55 Return on Investment (ROI).

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47

Liu, Yong Wang, Zhi Chuan Guan, Guo Shan Zhao e Chang Peng Hu. "An Anti-Collision Risk Assessment Method for Single-Row Wellheads in Vertical Well Section of Cluster Well". Advanced Materials Research 236-238 (maggio 2011): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.8.

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Vertical Well-bore Section Anti-collision is one of the main problems to be resolved for clustering directional well during the construction process. In order to effectively reduce the Vertical Well Section collision risk of this wells, the relationship between Wellbore cross-collision probability and the Wellbore separation was studied, the relationship between Wellbore cross-collision probability and the parallel Section length of the two Wellbore was also studied, Based on the above study found the method to calculate the Vertical Wellbore Section cross-collision probability of the clustering directional well. The Vertical Well-bore Section arrangement with smallest cross-collision probability was found by analyzing the cross-collision probability in line style wellhead of cluster wells consisting of 4 wells through this method. The results show that when the Well-bore separation is less than 1.5m. Wellbore collision probability rapidly decrease with the increase of Well-bore separation, the wellbore collision probability trends to smooth when wellbore separation is more than this distance, and the tendency will increase with the increase of parallel section length of the two Wellbore. By optimizing the arrangement and design methods can effectively reduce the collision risk. This study provides a new idea to reduce the overall risk of Cluster Well development.

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48

Okpozo, PO, A. Peters e WC Okologume. "DIRECTIONAL WELL TRAJECTORY DESIGN: THE THEORITICAL DEVELOPMENT OF AZIMUTH BENDS AND TURNS IN COMPLEX WELL TRAJECTORY DESIGNS". Nigerian Journal of Technology 35, n. 4 (25 settembre 2016): 831. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v35i4.18.

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49

Di Plinio, Francesco, e Ioannis Parissis. "On the Maximal Directional Hilbert Transform in Three Dimensions". International Mathematics Research Notices 2020, n. 14 (22 giugno 2018): 4324–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/imrn/rny138.

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Abstract We establish the sharp growth rate, in terms of cardinality, of the $L^p$ norms of the maximal Hilbert transform $H_\Omega $ along finite subsets of a finite order lacunary set of directions $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^3$, answering a question of Parcet and Rogers in dimension $n=3$. Our result is the first sharp estimate for maximal directional singular integrals in dimensions greater than 2. The proof relies on a representation of the maximal directional Hilbert transform in terms of a model maximal operator associated to compositions of 2D angular multipliers, as well as on the usage of weighted norm inequalities, and their extrapolation, in the directional setting.

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50

Agzamov, F. A., e I. D. Mukhametgaliev. "DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM ОF DESIGNING BOTTOM-HOLE ASSEMBLY FOR DIRECTIONAL WELL DRILLING". Problems of Gathering, Treatment and Transportation of Oil and Oil Products, n. 6 (marzo 2019): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17122/ntj-oil-2019-6-9-20.

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