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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Doppler radar Testing"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 1 febbraio 2023

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1

Shvets, S., O. Kipriianov, F. Yermolenko, and I. Haidak. "SUGGESTIONS FOR TYPICAL METHODS OF USING DOPPLER RADAR SYSTEMS OF TRAJECTORY MEASUREMENTS DURING TESTS OF ARTYLLERY ARMAMENT AND ITS AMMUNITION." Наукові праці Державного науково-дослідного інституту випробувань і сертифікації озброєння та військової техніки, no. 7 (May 21, 2021): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.37701/dndivsovt.7.2021.11.

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The article analyzes the report documentation of the tests in which the Doppler radar trajectory measurement system MFTR–2100/40 and the muzzle velocity measurement system SL-520PE were used to determine the trajectory parameters of artillery armament. The purpose of the article is to provide proposals for standard methods of using Doppler radar systems of trajectory measurements when testing artillery armament and its ammunition. The proposals for these standard methods are based on the experience of using the MFTR–2100/40 radar system and the SL–520PE muzzle velocity measurement

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2

Heymsfield, Andrew J., Alain Protat, Dominique Bouniol, Richard T. Austin, Robin J. Hogan, Julien Delanoë, Hajime Okamoto, et al. "Testing IWC Retrieval Methods Using Radar and Ancillary Measurements with In Situ Data." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 47, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 135–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jamc1606.1.

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Abstract Vertical profiles of ice water content (IWC) can now be derived globally from spaceborne cloud satellite radar (CloudSat) data. Integrating these data with Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) data may further increase accuracy. Evaluations of the accuracy of IWC retrieved from radar alone and together with other measurements are now essential. A forward model employing aircraft Lagrangian spiral descents through mid- and low-latitude ice clouds is used to estimate profiles of what a lidar and conventional and Doppler radar would sense. Radar ref

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3

Azizi, Mussyazwann Azizi Mustafa, Mohammad Nazrin Mohd Noh, Idnin Pasya, Ahmad Ihsan Mohd Yassin, and Megat Syahirul Amin Megat Ali. "Pedestrian detection using Doppler radar and LSTM neural network." IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) 9, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 394. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijai.v9.i3.pp394-401.

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<span lang="EN-US">Integration of radar systems as primary sensor with deep learning algorithms in driver assist systems is still limited. Its implementation would greatly help in continuous monitoring of visual blind spots from incoming pedestrians. Hence, this study proposes a single-input single-output based Doppler radar and long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network for pedestrian detection. The radar is placed in monostatic configuration at an angle of 45 degree from line of sight. Continuous wave with frequency of 1.9 GHz are continuously transmitted from the antenna. The return

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4

Lyashenko, V., V. Kuznecov, O. Kipriianov, F. Yermolenko, and T. Pavliuk. "RECOMMENDATIONS ON INTEGRATED APPLICATION OF DOPPLER RADAR SYSTEMS OF EXTERNAL TRACTORY MEASUREMENTS IN THE MOBILE TESTING GROUND MEASURING AND COMPUTING COMPLEX." Наукові праці Державного науково-дослідного інституту випробувань і сертифікації озброєння та військової техніки, no. 8 (June 29, 2021): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37701/dndivsovt.8.2021.08.

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Testing ground measuring and computing complex (TGMCC) is a set of interconnected hardware and software designed to perform measurements and processing of measuring information to determine the tactical and technical characteristics of objects in different conditions of their application, objective evaluation of test results of armament and military equipment (AME). For radar measurements of trajectory parameters of moving objects, mobile and stationary radar stations of trajectory measurements are used, including Doppler radar systems of external trajectory measurements. Such radar stat

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5

Zou, Tao, Xian Lin Zeng, and Jian Hua Peng. "Research on the Airborne Pulse Doppler Radar Jamming System Tester." Applied Mechanics and Materials 654 (October 2014): 250–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.654.250.

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This paper introduces the design of an airborne pulse Doppler radar jamming system tester. Based on a detailed analysis of the functional structure of the radar-jamming system, we summarize the important failure mode. To achieve fault location and performance testing, we have developed an automatic detector for the radar-jamming system, the device uses a mode of hardware platform and software platform, and it can reach the purpose of fault location by a method of encouraging input and measuring the output of each of the radar-jamming system failure mode individually. The automatic test instrum

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6

Diewald, Andreas R., Manuel Steins, and Simon Müller. "Radar target simulator with complex-valued delay line modeling based on standard radar components." Advances in Radio Science 16 (December 18, 2018): 203–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-16-203-2018.

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Abstract. With increasing radar activities in the automotive, industrial and private sector, there is a need to test radar sensors in their environment. A radar target simulator can help testing radar systems repeatably. In this paper, the authors present a concept of low-cost hardware for radar target simulation. The theoretical foundations are derived and analyzed. An implementation of a demonstrator operating in the 24 GHz ISM band is shown for which the dynamical range simulation was implemented in a FPGA with fast sampling ADCs and DACs. By using a FIR filtering approach a fine discretiza

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7

Dubosclard, G., R. Cordesses, P. Allard, C. Hervier, M. Coltelli, and J. Kornprobst. "First testing of a volcano Doppler radar (Voldorad) at Mount Etna, Italy." Geophysical Research Letters 26, no. 22 (November 15, 1999): 3389–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999gl008371.

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8

Muscarella, Philip, Kelsey Brunner, and David Walker. "Estimating Coastal Winds by Assimilating High-Frequency Radar Spectrum Data in SWAN." Sensors 21, no. 23 (November 24, 2021): 7811. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21237811.

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Many activities require accurate wind and wave forecasts in the coastal ocean. The assimilation of fixed buoy observations into spectral wave models such as SWAN (Simulating Waves Nearshore) can provide improved estimates of wave forecasts fields. High-frequency (HF) radar observations provide a spatially expansive dataset in the coastal ocean for assimilation into wave models. A forward model for the HF Doppler spectrum based on first- and second-order Bragg scattering was developed to assimilate the HF radar wave observations into SWAN. This model uses the spatially varying wave spectra comp

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9

Foth, Andreas, Janek Zimmer, Felix Lauermann, and Heike Kalesse-Los. "Evaluation of micro rain radar-based precipitation classification algorithms to discriminate between stratiform and convective precipitation." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 14, no. 6 (June 21, 2021): 4565–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-4565-2021.

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Abstract. In this paper, we present two micro rain radar-based approaches to discriminate between stratiform and convective precipitation. One is based on probability density functions (PDFs) in combination with a confidence function, and the other one is an artificial neural network (ANN) classification. Both methods use the maximum radar reflectivity per profile, the maximum of the observed mean Doppler velocity per profile and the maximum of the temporal standard deviation (±15 min) of the observed mean Doppler velocity per profile from a micro rain radar (MRR). Training and testing of the

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10

Beckwith, Dana M., and Katharine M. Hunter-Zaworski. "Passive Pedestrian Detection at Unsignalized Crossings." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1636, no. 1 (January 1998): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1636-16.

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The city of Portland, Oregon, is researching ways to provide safe unsignalized crossings for pedestrians. A concept that shows promise is known as passive pedestrian detection. Passive pedestrian detection is the detection of pedestrians in a stationary or moving state at the curbside of or in a pedestrian crossing by means other than those requiring physical response by the pedestrian. Research was conducted to find sensor technologies that can be used to passively detect pedestrians. Five technologies were found to be options for this type of detection: passive infrared, ultrasonic, microwav

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11

Unal, Christine. "Spectral Polarimetric Radar Clutter Suppression to Enhance Atmospheric Echoes." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 26, no. 9 (September 1, 2009): 1781–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jtecha1170.1.

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Abstract The clutter present in the Doppler spectra of atmospheric targets can be removed by using polarimetry. The purpose is to suppress the Doppler velocity bins where spectral polarimetric parameters have atypical values. This procedure largely improves profiles of moments and polarimetric parameters of atmospheric targets. Several spectral polarimetric clutter-reduction techniques, which are based on thresholding and intended for real-time processing, are discussed in this paper. A new method, the double spectral linear depolarization ratio clutter-suppression technique, is proposed. Very

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12

Scheiblhofer, Werner, Reinhard Feger, Andreas Haderer, and Andreas Stelzer. "Concept and realization of a low-cost multi-target simulator for CW and FMCW radar system calibration and testing." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 10, no. 2 (February 13, 2018): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078718000028.

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AbstractWe present the realization of an frequency-modulated continuous-wave radar target simulator, based on a modulated-reflector radar system. The simulator, designed for the 24 GHz frequency band, uses low-cost modulated-reflector nodes and is capable to simultaneously generate multiple targets in a real-time environment. The realization is based on a modular approach and thus provides a high scalability of the whole system. It is demonstrated that the concept is able to simulate multiple artificial targets, located at user-selectable ranges and even velocities, utilized within a completel

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13

Tucker, Sara C., Carl S. Weimer, Sunil Baidar, and R. Michael Hardesty. "The Optical Autocovariance Wind Lidar. Part I: OAWL Instrument Development and Demonstration." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 35, no. 10 (October 2018): 2079–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-18-0024.1.

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AbstractWe present the motivation, instrument concept, hardware descriptions, and initial validation testing for a Doppler wind lidar (DWL) system that uses optical autocovariance (OA) in a field-widened quadrature Mach–Zehnder interferometer lidar to measure Doppler shifts from atmospheric-aerosol-backscattered laser light. We describe system architectures for three different generations of the direct-detection aerosol Optical Autocovariance Wind Lidar (OAWL) system, including the current two-line-of-sight, dual-wavelength (355 and 532 nm) airborne configuration, designed to be an airborne de

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14

Narayanan, Ram M., Michael J. Harner, John R. Jendzurski, and Nicholas G. Paulter. "Analysis of a Dynamic Calibration Target for Through-Wall and Through-Rubble Motion Sensing Doppler Radar." Instruments 5, no. 4 (December 3, 2021): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/instruments5040037.

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Through-wall and through-barrier motion-sensing systems are becoming increasingly important tools to locate humans concealed behind barriers and under rubble. The sensing performance of these systems is best determined with appropriately designed calibration targets, which are ones that can emulate human motion. The effectiveness of various dynamic calibration targets that emulate human respiration, heart rate, and other body motions were analyzed. Moreover, these targets should be amenable to field deployment and not manifest angular or orientation dependences. The three targets examined in t

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15

Chipengo, Ushemadzoro, Peter M. Krenz, and Shawn Carpenter. "From Antenna Design to High Fidelity, Full Physics Automotive Radar Sensor Corner Case Simulation." Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 2018 (December 27, 2018): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4239725.

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Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) have recently been thrust into the spotlight in the automotive industry as carmakers and technology companies pursue effective active safety systems and fully autonomous vehicles. Various sensors such as lidar (light detection and ranging), radar (radio detection and ranging), ultrasonic, and optical cameras are employed to provide situational awareness to vehicles in a highly dynamic environment. Radar has emerged as a primary sensor technology for both active/passive safety and comfort-advanced driver-assistance systems. Physically building and testi

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16

Song, Nuan, Yang Jiao, Ya Ji Song, and Chun Hui Liu. "The Doppler Radar Bomb Chamber Volume Speed Measurement System Research Based on LabView." Advanced Materials Research 571 (September 2012): 692–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.571.692.

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This article in view of the firing range and speed of ballistic test parameters, follow the "virtual instrument" thought to design a multi-function weapon test system, establishing a uniform platform development and complete Doppler radar speed module, meet a variety of ballistic speed needs. In the system, we realize intelligent control, real time collection of signal in time and frequency domain, result display at the same time and data analyze, Based on hardware realize, system realize testing of chamber volume.

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17

Iukhno, Artem, Sergei Buzmakov, and Alisa Zorina. "DOPPLER NON-CONTACT RADAR SENSORS FOR WATER DISCHARGE ESTIMATION: ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS." ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 3 (June 16, 2021): 124–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2021vol3.6616.

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The use of non-contact doppler flow radars to determine water discharge is a widespread trend in hydrometeorological surveying and monitoring. However, is it reasonable to consider such an instrument as one of the most suitable and perspective for the hydrological observation network? In-situ testing have been carrying out by authors of this article and the analysis performed in scientific papers cannot provide a single-valued positive conclusion on this issue. Obvious advantage of these radars as independent safe mode of operation seems to overweight their obvious weak points. Many "undercurr

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18

Michaels, J. F. "An approach to radiated testing of installed airborne Doppler radar with weather/windshear detection capability." IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine 10, no. 12 (December 1995): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/62.480827.

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19

Darnitskyi, Y., V. Lyashenko, S. Shvets та T. Pavliuk. "ANALYSIS OF PECULIARITIES FOR USE OF MUZZLE VELOCITY MEASUREMENT SYSTEM SL – 520PЕ AND DOPPLER RADAR TRAJECTORY MEASUREMENT SYSTEM MFTR–2100/40 DURING TESTS OF ROCKET AND ARTILLERY ARMAMENT". Наукові праці Державного науково-дослідного інституту випробувань і сертифікації озброєння та військової техніки, № 12 (5 липня 2022): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37701/dndivsovt.12.2022.04.

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The article presents a comparative analysis of test results in which the SL–520PЕ muzzle velocity measurement system and the MFTR – 2100/40 Doppler radar system were used. A set of recommendations is proposed, which are aimed at improving the efficiency of the organization and the quality of tests during which the parameters of the initial (muzzle) velocity of the measured objects are determined. Qualitative testing of a wide range of new and modernized models of rocket and artillery armament largely depends on modern radar measurement systems. Recently, the Armed Forces of Ukraine

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20

Gao, Jidong, Travis M. Smith, David J. Stensrud, Chenghao Fu, Kristin Calhoun, Kevin L. Manross, Jeffrey Brogden, et al. "A Real-Time Weather-Adaptive 3DVAR Analysis System for Severe Weather Detections and Warnings." Weather and Forecasting 28, no. 3 (June 1, 2013): 727–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-12-00093.1.

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Abstract A real-time, weather-adaptive three-dimensional variational data assimilation (3DVAR) system has been adapted for the NOAA Warn-on-Forecast (WoF) project to incorporate all available radar observations within a moveable analysis domain. The key features of the system include 1) incorporating radar observations from multiple Weather Surveillance Radars-1988 Doppler (WSR-88Ds) with NCEP forecast products as a background state, 2) the ability to automatically detect and analyze severe local hazardous weather events at 1-km horizontal resolution every 5 min in real time based on the curre

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Rahnemoonfar, Maryam, Jimmy Johnson, and John Paden. "AI Radar Sensor: Creating Radar Depth Sounder Images Based on Generative Adversarial Network." Sensors 19, no. 24 (December 12, 2019): 5479. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19245479.

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Significant resources have been spent in collecting and storing large and heterogeneous radar datasets during expensive Arctic and Antarctic fieldwork. The vast majority of data available is unlabeled, and the labeling process is both time-consuming and expensive. One possible alternative to the labeling process is the use of synthetically generated data with artificial intelligence. Instead of labeling real images, we can generate synthetic data based on arbitrary labels. In this way, training data can be quickly augmented with additional images. In this research, we evaluated the performance

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Victoria, Dr A. Helen, S. V. Manikanthan, Dr Varadaraju H R, Muhammad Alkirom Wildan, and Kakarla Hari Kishore. "Radar Based Activity Recognition using CNN-LSTM Network Architecture." International Journal of Communication Networks and Information Security (IJCNIS) 14, no. 3 (January 11, 2023): 303–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijcnis.v14i3.5630.

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Human Activity Recognition based research has got intensified based on the evolving demand of smart systems. There has been already a lot of wearables, digital smart sensors deployed to classify various activities. Radar sensor-based Activity recognition has been an active research area during recent times. In order to classify the radar micro doppler signature images we have proposed a approach using Convolutional Neural Network-Long Short Term Memory (CNN-LSTM). Convolutional Layer is used to update the filter values to learn the features of the radar images. LSTM Layer enhances the temporal

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23

Marks, David A., David B. Wolff, Lawrence D. Carey, and Ali Tokay. "Quality Control and Calibration of the Dual-Polarization Radar at Kwajalein, RMI." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 28, no. 2 (February 1, 2011): 181–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jtecha1462.1.

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Abstract The dual-polarization weather radar on the Kwajalein Atoll in the Republic of the Marshall Islands (KPOL) is one of the only full-time (24/7) operational S-band dual-polarimetric (DP) radars in the tropics. Through the use of KPOL DP and disdrometer measurements from Kwajalein, quality control (QC) and reflectivity calibration techniques were developed and adapted for use. Data studies in light rain show that KPOL DP measurements are of sufficient quality for these applications. While the methodology for the development of such applications is well documented, the tuning of specific a

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Päschke, E., R. Leinweber та V. Lehmann. "An assessment of the performance of a 1.5 μm Doppler lidar for operational vertical wind profiling based on a 1-year trial". Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 8, № 6 (3 червня 2015): 2251–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-2251-2015.

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Abstract. We present the results of a 1-year quasi-operational testing of the 1.5 μm StreamLine Doppler lidar developed by Halo Photonics from 2 October 2012 to 2 October 2013. The system was configured to continuously perform a velocity-azimuth display scan pattern using 24 azimuthal directions with a constant beam elevation angle of 75°. Radial wind estimates were selected using a rather conservative signal-to-noise ratio based threshold of −18.2 dB (0.015). A 30 min average profile of the wind vector was calculated based on the assumption of a horizontally homogeneous wind field through a M

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Mahale, Vivek N., Guifu Zhang, and Ming Xue. "Fuzzy Logic Classification of S-Band Polarimetric Radar Echoes to Identify Three-Body Scattering and Improve Data Quality." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 53, no. 8 (August 2014): 2017–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-13-0358.1.

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AbstractThe three-body scatter signature (TBSS) is a radar artifact that appears downrange from a high-radar-reflectivity core in a thunderstorm as a result of the presence of hailstones. It is useful to identify the TBSS artifact for quality control of radar data used in numerical weather prediction and quantitative precipitation estimation. Therefore, it is advantageous to develop a method to automatically identify TBSS in radar data for the above applications and to help identify hailstones within thunderstorms. In this study, a fuzzy logic classification algorithm for TBSS identification i

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Lolli, S., A. Delaval, C. Loth, A. Garnier та P. H. Flamant. "0.355 μm direct detection wind lidar under testing during a field campaign in consideration of ESA's ADM-Aeolus Mission". Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 6, № 3 (23 травня 2013): 4551–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-6-4551-2013.

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Abstract. The atmospheric wind field information is a key issue to Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) and climate studies. A space based Wind Doppler lidar mission so-called ADM-Aeolus is currently developed by the European Space Agency for a launch in 2015. Such a Doppler lidar will provide accurate direct measurements of horizontal wind velocity in the depth of atmosphere. The wind data will be evenly distributed at a global scale. The goal is to enhance the present meteorological observation system over sparse wind data regions, and more important to provide direct wind information in the t

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Morris, M. P., P. B. Chilson, T. J. Schuur, and A. Ryzhkov. "Microphysical retrievals from simultaneous polarimetric and profiling radar observations." Annales Geophysicae 27, no. 12 (December 7, 2009): 4435–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-27-4435-2009.

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Abstract. The character of precipitation detected at the surface is the final product of many microphysical interactions in the cloud above, the combined effects of which may be characterized by the observed drop size distribution (DSD). This necessitates accurate retrieval of the DSD from remote sensing data, especially radar as it offers large areal coverage, high spatial resolution, and rigorous quality control and testing. Combined instrument observations with a UHF wind profiler, an S-band polarimetric weather radar, and a video disdrometer are analyzed for two squall line events occuring

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Hasebe, F., T. Tsuda, T. Nakamura, and M. D. Burrage. "Validation of HRDI MLT winds with meteor radars." Annales Geophysicae 15, no. 9 (September 30, 1997): 1142–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-997-1142-7.

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Abstract. A validation study of the mesospheric and lower-thermospheric (MLT) wind velocities measured by the High-Resolution Doppler Imager (HRDI) on board the Upper-Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) has been carried out, comparing with observations by meteor radars located at Shigaraki, Japan and Jakarta, Indonesia. The accuracy of the HRDI winds relative to the meteor radars is obtained by a series of simultaneous wind measurements at the time of UARS overpasses. Statistical tests on the difference in the wind vectors observed by HRDI and the meteor radars are applied to determine whethe

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Elmore, Kimberly L., Pamela L. Heinselman, and David J. Stensrud. "Using WSR-88D Data and Insolation Estimates to Determine Convective Boundary Layer Depth." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 29, no. 4 (April 1, 2012): 581–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-11-00043.1.

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Abstract Prior work shows that Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) clear-air reflectivity can be used to determine convective boundary layer (CBL) depth. Based on that work, two simple linear regressions are developed that provide CBL depth. One requires only clear-air radar reflectivity from a single 4.5° elevation scan, whereas the other additionally requires the total, clear-sky insolation at the radar site, derived from the radar location and local time. Because only the most recent radar scan is used, the CBL depth can, in principle, be computed for every scan. The “true” CB

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Päschke, E., R. Leinweber та V. Lehmann. "A one year comparison of 482 MHz radar wind profiler, RS92-SGP Radiosonde and 1.5 μm Doppler Lidar wind measurements". Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 7, № 11 (19 листопада 2014): 11439–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-7-11439-2014.

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Abstract. We present the results of a one-year quasi-operational testing of the 1.5 μm StreamLine Doppler lidar developed by Halo Photonics from 2 October 2012 to 2 October 2013. The system was configured to continuously perform a velocity-azimuth display (VAD) scan pattern using 24 azimuthal directions with a constant beam elevation angle of 75°. Radial wind estimates were selected using a rather conservative signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) based threshold of −18.2 dB (0.015). A 30 min average wind vector was calculated based on the assumption of a horizontally homogeneous wind field through a si

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Davies-Jones, Robert, Vincent T. Wood, and Mark A. Askelson. "Ray Curvature on a Flat Earth for Computing Virtual WSR-88D Signatures of Simulated Supercell Storms." Monthly Weather Review 147, no. 3 (March 1, 2019): 1065–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-18-0356.1.

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Abstract Two accepted postulates for applications of ground-based weather radars are that Earth’s surface is a perfect sphere and that all the rays launched at low-elevation angles have the same constant small curvature. To accommodate a straight vertically launched ray, we amend the second postulate by making the ray curvature dependent on the cosine of the launch angle. A standard atmospheric stratification determines the ray-curvature value at zero launch angle. Granted this amended postulate, we develop exact formulas for ray height, ground range, and ray slope angle as functions of slant

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Heinselman, Pamela L., and Alexander V. Ryzhkov. "Validation of Polarimetric Hail Detection." Weather and Forecasting 21, no. 5 (October 1, 2006): 839–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf956.1.

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Abstract This study describes, illustrates, and validates hail detection by a simplified version of the National Severe Storms Laboratory’s fuzzy logic polarimetric hydrometeor classification algorithm (HCA). The HCA uses four radar variables: reflectivity, differential reflectivity, cross-correlation coefficient, and “reflectivity texture” to classify echoes as rain mixed with hail, ground clutter–anomalous propagation, biological scatterers (insects, birds, and bats), big drops, light rain, moderate rain, and heavy rain. Diagnostic capabilities of HCA, such as detection of hail, are illustra

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33

Lothon, Marie, Bernard Campistron, Michel Chong, Fleur Couvreux, Françoise Guichard, Catherine Rio, and Earle Williams. "Life Cycle of a Mesoscale Circular Gust Front Observed by a C-Band Doppler Radar in West Africa." Monthly Weather Review 139, no. 5 (May 2011): 1370–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010mwr3480.1.

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On 10 July 2006, during the Special Observation Period (SOP) of the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis (AMMA) campaign, a small convective system initiated over Niamey and propagated westward in the vicinity of several instruments activated in the area, including the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) C-band Doppler radar and the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) mobile facility. The system started after a typical convective development of the planetary boundary layer. It grew and propagated within the scope of the radar range, so that its entire life cycle is documented

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34

Medlin, Jeffrey M., Sytske K. Kimball, and Keith G. Blackwell. "Radar and Rain Gauge Analysis of the Extreme Rainfall during Hurricane Danny’s (1997) Landfall." Monthly Weather Review 135, no. 5 (May 1, 2007): 1869–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr3368.1.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract As a minimal hurricane, Danny moved over Mobile Bay around 0900 UTC 19 July 1997 and became stationary by midmorning, while situated within a synoptic col. Danny then evolved into an asymmetric storm with an intensely convective rainband that produced torrential rainfall through 1200 UTC 20 July 1997. Danny’s center remained &lt;100 km from the National Weather Service (NWS) Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) in Mobile, Alabama, for over 48 h, allowing long-term surveillance of the storm’s inner core. This event marked the first time the tropical Z–R relationship wa

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35

Chandra, Arunchandra S., Pavlos Kollias, Scott E. Giangrande, and Stephen A. Klein. "Long-Term Observations of the Convective Boundary Layer Using Insect Radar Returns at the SGP ARM Climate Research Facility." Journal of Climate 23, no. 21 (November 1, 2010): 5699–714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jcli3395.1.

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Abstract A long-term study of the turbulent structure of the convective boundary layer (CBL) at the U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (ARM) Southern Great Plains (SGP) Climate Research Facility is presented. Doppler velocity measurements from insects occupying the lowest 2 km of the boundary layer during summer months are used to map the vertical velocity component in the CBL. The observations cover four summer periods (2004–08) and are classified into cloudy and clear boundary layer conditions. Profiles of vertical velocity variance, skewness, and mass flux a

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36

Fedorov, Roman, and Oleg Berngardt. "Monitoring observations of meteor echo at the EKB ISTP SB RAS radar: algorithms, validation, statistics." Solar-Terrestrial Physics 7, no. 1 (March 29, 2021): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/stp-71202107.

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The paper considers the implementation of algorithms for automatic search for signals scattered by meteor trails according to EKB ISTP SB RAS radar data. In general, the algorithm is similar to the algorithms adopted in specialized meteor systems. The algorithm is divided into two stages: detecting a meteor echo and determining its parameters. We show that on the day of the maximum Geminid shower, December 13, 2016, the scattered signals detected by the algorithm are foreshortening and correspond to scattering by irregularities extended in the direction of the meteor shower radiant. This confi

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37

Bu, Jinwei, Kegen Yu, Yongchao Zhu, Nijia Qian, and Jun Chang. "Developing and Testing Models for Sea Surface Wind Speed Estimation with GNSS-R Delay Doppler Maps and Delay Waveforms." Remote Sensing 12, no. 22 (November 16, 2020): 3760. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12223760.

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This paper focuses on sea surface wind speed estimation based on cyclone global navigation satellite system reflectometry (GNSS-R) data. In order to extract useful information from delay-Doppler map (DDM) data, three delay waveforms are presented for wind speed estimation. The delay waveform without Doppler shift is defined as central delay waveform (CDW), and the integral of the delay waveforms with different Doppler shift values is defined as integral delay waveform (IDW), while the difference between normalized IDW (NIDW) and normalized CDW (NCDW) is defined as differential delay waveform (

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38

Kollias, Pavlos, and Bruce Albrecht. "Vertical Velocity Statistics in Fair-Weather Cumuli at the ARM TWP Nauru Climate Research Facility." Journal of Climate 23, no. 24 (December 15, 2010): 6590–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jcli3449.1.

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Abstract Fair-weather cumuli are fundamental in regulating the vertical structure of water vapor and entropy in the lowest 2–3 km of the earth’s atmosphere over vast areas of the oceans. In this study, a long record of profiling cloud radar observations at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (ARM) Climate Research Facility (ACRF) at Nauru Island is used to investigate cloud vertical air motion statistics over an 8-yr observing period. Appropriate processing of the observed low radar reflectivities provides radar volume samples that contain only small cloud droplets; thus, the Doppler

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39

Yi, Qiang, Stanley Chien, Lingxi Li, Wensen Niu, Yaobin Chen, David Good, Chi-Chih Chen, and Rini Sherony. "Development of test scenarios and bicyclist surrogate for the evaluation of bicyclist automatic emergency braking systems." Journal of Intelligent and Connected Vehicles 1, no. 1 (February 5, 2018): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jicv-02-2018-0005.

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Abstract (sommario):

Purpose To support the standardized evaluation of bicyclist automatic emergency braking (AEB) systems, test scenarios, test procedures and test system hardware and software tools have been investigated and developed by the Transportation Active Safety Institute (TASI) at Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis. This paper aims to focus on the development of test scenarios and bicyclist surrogate for evaluating vehicle–bicyclist AEB systems. Design/methodology/approach The harmonized general estimates system (GES)/FARS 2010-2011 crash data and TASI 110-car naturalistic driving data (N

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40

Fedorov, Roman, and Oleg Berngardt. "Monitoring observations of meteor echo at the EKB ISTP SB RAS radar: algorithms, validation, statistics." Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika 7, no. 1 (March 29, 2021): 59–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/szf-71202107.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

The paper considers the implementation of algorithms for automatic search for signals scattered by meteor trails according to EKB ISTP SB RAS radar data. In general, the algorithm is similar to the algorithms adopted in specialized meteor systems. The algorithm is divided into two stages: detecting a meteor echo and determining its parameters. We show that on the day of the maximum Geminid shower, December 13, 2016, the scattered signals detected by the algorithm are foreshortening and correspond to scattering by irregularities extended in the direction of the meteor shower radiant. This confi

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41

Foster, James, Ning Li, and Kwok Fai Cheung. "Sea State Determination from Ship-Based Geodetic GPS." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 31, no. 11 (November 2014): 2556–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-13-00211.1.

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AbstractOcean waves have a profound impact on navigation, offshore operations, recreation, safety, and the economic vitality of a nation’s maritime and coastal communities. This study demonstrates that ships equipped with geodetic GPS and a radar gauge can provide accurate estimates of sea state. The Research Vessel (R/V) Kilo Moana recorded 1-Hz data for the entire period of a 10-day cruise around the Hawaiian Islands. Solving for precise kinematic positions for the ship and combining these solutions with the ranges from the ship to the sea surface provided by the radar gauge, it was possible

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42

Lolli, S., A. Delaval, C. Loth, A. Garnier, and P. H. Flamant. "0.355-micrometer direct detection wind lidar under testing during a field campaign in consideration of ESA's ADM-Aeolus mission." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 6, no. 12 (December 9, 2013): 3349–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-6-3349-2013.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract. The atmospheric wind field information is a key issue to numerical weather prediction (NWP) and climate studies. The Atmospheric Dynamic Mission-Aeolus is currently developed by the European Space Agency (ESA) to launch a wind sensing Doppler lidar in mid-2015. The high spectral resolution lidar concept is using backscattered laser signals from molecules and particles to provide accurate horizontal wind velocity measurements in the depth of atmosphere. The Aeolus lidar, so-called ALADIN, will operate in UV at 0.355 μm. The combination of air molecules and UV laser light is intended t

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43

Parate, Bhupesh Ambadas. "Propellant Actuated Device for Parachute Deployment during Seat Ejection for an Aircraft Application." HighTech and Innovation Journal 1, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/hij-2020-01-03-03.

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Abstract (sommario):

Propellant Actuated Devices (PAD) are installed on various combat aircraft of Air Force and Naval bases to perform extremely important operations such as parachute deployment, harness and leg restrain, cable cutting, pullers, seat ejection, bomb release or fuel tanks etc. They are basically called as gas generators. Such devices produce the high temperature and pressure combustion gases on initiation and used to perform different operations. These cartridges are single-shot operating devices. The performance of such kind of PADs cannot be tested by non-destructive techniques. Hence, cartridges

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44

Johnson, Victoria, Richard Jeffries, Greg Byrd, Wendy Schreiber-Abshire, Elizabeth Page, Bruce Muller, and Tim Alberta. "Celebrating COMET’s 25 Years of Providing Innovative Education and Training." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 96, no. 12 (December 1, 2015): 2183–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-14-00276.1.

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Abstract The Cooperative Program for Operational Meteorology, Education, and Training (COMET)’s mission when it began in 1990 was to deliver professional development opportunities to U.S. government forecasters during the National Weather Service (NWS) modernization program. Since then, COMET has emerged as a worldwide leader in geoscience education. Its original objectives were to provide forecasters with classroom and distance learning training based on state-of-the-art science; support development and testing of new forecast methods; promote collaboration between the forecasting, research,

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45

Roueche, David B., and David O. Prevatt. "Residential Damage Patterns Following the 2011 Tuscaloosa, AL and Joplin, MO Tornadoes." Journal of Disaster Research 8, no. 6 (December 1, 2013): 1061–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2013.p1061.

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Abstract (sommario):

Damage survey data was collected following the destruction caused by tornadoes in Tuscaloosa, AL and Joplin, MO that together destroyed over 13,000 buildings, caused over $5 billion in economic losses and left 226 persons dead. Using geotagged photographs for 1,814 residential structures in the two cities, damage ratings were assigned using the Enhanced Fujita Scale and mapped for each building, in an effort to establish the wind field for each tornado. The results depict the physical distribution of the damaging forces away from the centerline of the tornado. The spatial distribution of wind

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46

Ellender, Claire M., Syeda Farah Zahir, Hailey Meaklim, Rosemarie Joyce, David Cunnington, and John Swieca. "Prospective cohort study to evaluate the accuracy of sleep measurement by consumer-grade smart devices compared with polysomnography in a sleep disorders population." BMJ Open 11, no. 11 (November 2021): e044015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044015.

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Abstract (sommario):

ObjectivesConsumer-grade smart devices are now commonly used by the public to measure waking activity and sleep. However, the ability of these devices to accurately measure sleep in clinical populations warrants more examination. The aim of the present study was to assess the accuracy of three consumer-grade sleep monitors compared with gold standard polysomnography (PSG).DesignA prospective cohort study was performed.SettingAdults undergoing PSG for investigation of a suspected sleep disorder.Participants54 sleep-clinic patients were assessed using three consumer-grade sleep monitors (Jawbone

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47

Giangrande, Scott E., Edward P. Luke, and Pavlos Kollias. "Automated Retrievals of Precipitation Parameters Using Non-Rayleigh Scattering at 95 GHz." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 27, no. 9 (September 1, 2010): 1490–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jtecha1343.1.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract Automated retrievals of vertical air motion and the drop size distribution (DSD) slope parameter from the surface to the base of the melting layer are presented using a technique for W-band (95 GHz) profiling radars. The technique capitalizes on non-Rayleigh resonance signatures found in the observed Doppler spectra to estimate the mean vertical air motion. The slope parameter of the DSD for an assumed exponential form is retrieved through an inversion of the Doppler spectra. Extended testing is performed in central Oklahoma for a monthlong period of observation that includes several

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48

Koskinen, Jarkko T., Jani Poutiainen, David M. Schultz, Sylvain Joffre, Jarmo Koistinen, Elena Saltikoff, Erik Gregow, et al. "The Helsinki Testbed: A Mesoscale Measurement, Research, and Service Platform." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 92, no. 3 (March 1, 2011): 325–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010bams2878.1.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract The Finnish Meteorological Institute and Vaisala have established a mesoscale weather observational network in southern Finland. The Helsinki Testbed is an open research and quasi-operational program designed to provide new information on observing systems and strategies, mesoscale weather phenomena, urban and regional modeling, and end-user applications in a high-latitude (~60°N) coastal environment. The Helsinki Testbed and related programs feature several components: observing system design and implementation, small-scale data assimilation, nowcasting and short-range numerical weat

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49

Ran, Yuanbo, Haijiang Wang, Li Tian, Jiang Wu, and Xiaohong Li. "Precipitation cloud identification based on faster-RCNN for Doppler weather radar." EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking 2021, no. 1 (February 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13638-021-01896-5.

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Abstract (sommario):

AbstractPrecipitation clouds are visible aggregates of hydrometeor in the air that floating in the atmosphere after condensation, which can be divided into stratiform cloud and convective cloud. Different precipitation clouds often accompany different precipitation processes. Accurate identification of precipitation clouds is significant for the prediction of severe precipitation processes. Traditional identification methods mostly depend on the differences of radar reflectivity distribution morphology between stratiform and convective precipitation clouds in three-dimensional space. However,

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50

Potylitsyn, Vadim S., Danil S. Kudinov, and Ekaterina A. Kokhonkova. "Investigation of the Influence of a Cavity Type Defect on the Frequencies of the Natural Rail Oscillations by the Radar Method." Journal of Siberian Federal University. Engineering & Technologies, December 2019, 1006–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17516/1999-494x-0201.

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Abstract (sommario):

Currently, the problem of non-destructive testing of rail lashes or rolling stock is quite acute, as the demands of both speed characteristics and vehicle safety increase every year. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the possibility of recording frequencies of natural oscillations by the radar method for rail lashes and the influence of the dimensions of the cavity-type defect. For this purpose, a laboratory bench was created with a standard rail, the length of 1.19 m of the P-65 brand, in which free oscillations were excited using a shock impulse load. Measurements of natural o

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