Bibliografie tematiche / Educations of the elderly and adults

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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Educations of the elderly and adults"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 7 febbraio 2022

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Educations of the elderly and adults"

Celejewski, Irek, e Karen K. Dion. "Self-Perception and Perception of Age Groups as a Function of the Perceiver's Category Membership". International Journal of Aging and Human Development 47, n. 3 (1 gennaio 1998): 205–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/gl4r-fj7g-xgek-mrr6.

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This research examined self-perception and the perception of age groups by young and elderly adults from the perspective of social identity theory and social categorization theory. Respondents rated either themselves or unfamiliar stimulus persons from three age categories in adulthood: young, middle-aged, and elderly. As expected, an ingroup bias was found in the evaluation of elderly adults. Specifically, compared to ratings made by younger adults, older adults evaluated elderly persons more favorably. Moreover, as predicted, elderly adults' self-evaluations and those of young adults asked to imagine themselves as elderly were more positive than the ratings made by respondents who evaluated an unfamiliar older adult (e.g., elderly woman, elderly man). Both cognitive and motivational processes were discussed as contributing to the phenomenon of self-other discrepancy in beliefs about and attitudes toward older adults.

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Hummert, Mary Lee. "Age and Typicality Judgments of Stereotypes of the Elderly: Perceptions of Elderly vs. Young Adults". International Journal of Aging and Human Development 37, n. 3 (ottobre 1993): 217–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/l01p-v960-8p17-pl56.

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Healthy community-dwelling elderly individuals assessed the typicality and approximate age of individuals representing ten stereotypes of elderly people identified in prior research with young adults. Results showed that, as predicted, the elderly adults saw the stereotypes as less typical of elderly individuals than did the young adults, although both groups agreed on which stereotypes were most typical of the general elderly population. Analysis of age judgments revealed that the elderly respondents, in comparison to the young adults, were more likely to use the old-old age ranges to describe the stereotypes, and much less likely to associate the positive stereotypes with the young-old age ranges. Both elderly and young adults tended to associate negative stereotypes with the older elderly age ranges.

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Boiarska-Khomenko, Anna. "Regulatory support of adult education in EU countries". Continuing Professional Education: Theory and Practice, n. 3-4 (2018): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/1609-8595.2018.3-4.105110.

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In the article, the analysis of the European Parliament's normative legal documents on adult education has been carried out. The role and significance of lifelong learning at the present stage have been determined by the help of normative acts. Trends and vectors of adult education development are: popularization of education among the adult population, the use of the latest educational technologies, improvement of teaching methods, involving different target groups in education, formal recognition of non-formal and informal education, provision of qualified pedagogical personnel to the adult education system. The tasks of adult education are: increasing access to adult education; development of new approaches to adult education; promotion of adult education among the public; encouraging the development of new adult education systems; comprehensive provision of high-quality non-formal and informal education for adults; promoting employers' awareness of the benefits of adult learning: adult education contributes to increasing workers’ productivity, competitiveness, creativity, introduction of innovations and entrepreneurship is an important factor of increasing the mobility of employees in the labor market encouraging adults to enter higher education institutions; promoting a balanced distribution of learning and educational resources throughout the lifecycle of a person; creation of well-developed educational provision for the elderly. The ways of realization of the set tasks are: to identify priority target groups for education at the national level; to educate adults in accordance with the stages; to offer adults an opportunity to take tests; to provide proposals for education for migrants; to carry out a periodic check of non-formal and informal education; to implement motivational and informational and advocacy measures. In the article, the main proposals of the European Parliament on further prospects for improving the adult education system have been highlighted.

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Boz, Hayat, e Yakup Daglı. "The contribution of qualitative methods for identifying the educational needs of adults". Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences 12, n. 4 (30 dicembre 2017): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/cjes.v12i4.2901.

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This study addresses the contribution of applying qualitative research methods for identifying the educational activities planned for adults. The paper is based on the experience gained during in-depth interviews with 39 elderly and 33 middle-aged participants, by purposive sampling method and maximum variation technique, within a needs analysis study in phenomenology design. Qualitative research techniques for assessing the opinions of elderly and middle-aged adults about the necessity and content of training programmes for ageing, and preparing androgogy-based and need-based educational programmes in compliance with the results was evaluated. In the scope of the study, the fact that applying qualitative research techniques such as in-depth interviews with exploratory questions and observation facilitated reaching more descriptive and more elaborative results compared to applying the quantitative research techniques such as questionnaires with short questions and numeric data anlaysis in the surveys on adults with divergent life experience, traits and expectation was concluded. Keywords: Adult, ageing, elderly, qualitative research methods.

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Schum, Robert L., e Abigail B. Sivan. "Verbal Abilities in Healthy Elderly Adults". Applied Neuropsychology 4, n. 2 (giugno 1997): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15324826an0402_6.

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Yörük, Tayfun, e Reyhan Şekerci. "Teacher leadership and sustainability in adult elderly education". Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences 15, n. 3 (29 giugno 2020): 433–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/cjes.v15i3.4909.

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The purpose of this study was to reveal the views of administrators working in institutions providing adult elderly education on teacher leadership. Ten administrators, who were determined via convenience sampling which is among purposeful sampling methods, participated in this study using qualitative research method. The study was conducted in phenomenological design, which is among qualitative research designs. The interview technique was used to collect data in the study, thus, a semi-structured interview form was prepared and used for this process. The data were analyzed via content analysis technique. All the data acquired in the study were coded, various dimensions and appropriate themes for these dimensions were determined in accordance with the purpose of the study, and percentages and frequencies related to the themes were calculated and the views of the administrators on teacher leadership were revealed. As a result, the concept of an enriched environment, including cognitive tasks, such as elder education courses (sports, physical activity, artistic and skill studies), can form the basis for systematic assessment of possible interventions for successful aging. It provides another effective possibility to achieve better physical, physiological and cognitive improvements, especially in older adult. Further efforts are needed on the basis of teacher leadership in older education courses to reduce weakness and dependency among older adults and maintain independent physical and cognitive function, mental health and well-being. Keywords: Adult Elderly Education, Education Management, Teacher Leadership;

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Denney, Nancy Wadsworth. "A Review of Life Span Research with the Twenty Questions Task: A Study of Problem-Solving Ability". International Journal of Aging and Human Development 21, n. 3 (ottobre 1986): 161–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/a3j2-75l4-01c3-w81w.

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Research with the Twenty Questions Task which was aimed at investigating problem solving across the life span was reviewed. This research indicates that the use of an efficient problem-solving strategy increases during childhood and then decreases again during the later adult years. Investigations of the determinants of performance on the Twenty Questions Task indicate that both age and education are significantly related to performance. Training research further indicates that both young children and elderly adults are able to learn to use a more efficient strategy; modeling appears to be a very effective training technique. Attempts to facilitate the performance of elderly adults by means other than direct training have met with less success. No improvement in performance was obtained either in a study in which an attempt was made to increase elderly adults' motivation, in a study in which elderly adults were given additional practice with the Twenty Questions Task, or in a study in which an attempt was made to facilitate elderly adults' confidence in their ability to perform cognitive tasks. However, performance was facilitated when the demands of the task were made either so easy that the possibility of the use of an efficient strategy was obvious or so difficult that the necessity of using an efficient strategy in order to solve the problem was obvious. The results of all of the studies were discussed as fitting a model of life span cognitive development recently proposed by Denney.

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Choi, Yun-Jung, Meaghan O’Donnell, Hwa-Bok Choi, Hae-Sun Jung e Sean Cowlishaw. "Associations among Elder Abuse, Depression and PTSD in South Korean Older Adults". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, n. 9 (6 settembre 2018): 1948. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15091948.

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Increasing attention is being placed on the prevalence of elder abuse and its impact on mental health. This study conducted a survey of 172 elderly people in South Korea to determine the prevalence of elder abuse and the relationships involving elder abuse, depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Participants completed a battery of self-report questionnaires, which included the Korean Geriatric Depression Screening Scale (KGDS) and Impact of Event Scale-Revised Korean version (IES-R-K). Descriptive analyses were conducted to examine the frequency of specific forms of abuse. Logistic regression models were estimated to identify the factors that contributed to risk of abuse exposure and the relationship between exposure and PTSD or depression. The results indicated around 22% of the participants reported abuse exposure, which most commonly included being refused physical contact, verbal threats, and/or being excluded from decision-making about personal issues. Low education and being unmarried, separated or divorced was associated with an increased risk of abuse exposure. There were strong associations between elder abuse and PTSD symptoms, while comparable relationships with depression were weaker and were not robust to the inclusion of control variables. The findings provided empirical support for the relationship between abuse experiences of the elderly and poor mental health and raise important issues for the mental health care of the elderly.

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Barrett, Anne E., e Carmen Von Rohr. "Gendered Perceptions of Aging: An Examination of College Students". International Journal of Aging and Human Development 67, n. 4 (dicembre 2008): 359–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/ag.67.4.d.

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Few studies examine how the gendered nature of aging impacts young adults—shaping their images of later life, attitudes toward elderly persons, aging anxieties, and conceptions of the start of “old age.” We examine gender differences in young adults' views of elders and the aging process using a survey of college students and content analysis of student-drawn sketches of elders ( N = 391). Results indicate that both genders hold more positive images of elderly women than men; however, they view “old age” as beginning at a younger age for women. In addition, we find that, compared with men, women report later starts of “old age” for both genders and more favorable attitudes toward elders, but also greater aging anxiety.

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Añaños-Carrasco, Elena. "Eyetracker technology in elderly people: How integrated television content is paid attention to and processed". Comunicar 23, n. 45 (1 luglio 2015): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3916/c45-2015-08.

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Elderly people are major consumers of the media, especially of television, which combines conventional commercials with advertising formats included in the programme that do not break its continuity, unconventional advertising (UA). The aim of this study is to analyse how elderly adults, compared with young people, attend and process the information that appears on screen simultaneously (program and advertising). The study involved 30 elderly adults and 30 young adults. Attention to the TV screen (in terms of attention capture, heat maps and eye fixations) was analysed using the eye tracker technology. Content recognition, the level of psychological reactance to UA and channel-hopping behaviour were also analysed. The results show that the level of attention among the elderly does not differ from that of young people and depends on the integrated content. Recognition by the elderly is lower than among young people when the UA is of a high or medium level of intrusiveness. The psychological reactance of elderly adults is lower than that of young adults but both groups show the same behaviour in terms of loyalty to the television programme. The general conclusion is that cognitive ageing does not affect the capacity for attention to integrated content as much as it affects information processing skills. Las personas mayores son grandes consumidores de los medios, especialmente la televisión (TV), donde el spot convencional se combina con formatos publicitarios introducidos en el programa que no rompen su continuidad: la publicidad no convencional (PNC). El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar cómo los adultos mayores, en comparación con los jóvenes, atienden y procesan la información que aparece simultáneamente en la pantalla (programa y publicidad). Participan en el estudio 30 adultos mayores y 30 jóvenes. Se analiza, con la tecnología del «eye tracker», la atención dispensada a la pantalla de TV (en términos de captura atencional, «heat maps» y fijaciones oculares) mientras aparece PNC. También se analizan el reconocimiento de los contenidos, la reactancia psicológica ante la PNC y el comportamiento de zapping. Los resultados muestran que la atención de los adultos no difiere de la de los jóvenes y depende del contenido integrado. El reconocimiento de los adultos es inferior al de los jóvenes cuando la PNC tiene un nivel de intrusión elevado y medio. Su reactancia psicológica es inferior a la de los jóvenes, pero ambos grupos tienen el mismo comportamiento de fidelización al programa televisivo. La conclusión es que el envejecimiento no afecta tanto a la atención dispensada a los contenidos integrados como a las habilidades del procesamiento de la información.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Educations of the elderly and adults"

Ceroni, Denise Costa. "A educação de adultos maduros e idosos : aprendizagens escolares construídas e partilhadas no grupo revivendo a vida". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/34140.

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O presente trabalho tem como intenção averiguar como as experiências e aprendizagens pedagógicas desenvolvidas no Grupo Revivendo a Vida se relacionam no cotidiano dos adultos maduros e idosos que dele fazem parte. Como a construção de novos conhecimentos, a ressignificação dos saberes escolares, a manutenção e a ampliação das possibilidades cognitivas dos estudantes adultos maduros e idosos influenciam as atividades da vida diária desses sujeitos? Ainda nesse sentido, esta pesquisa almeja construir novos conhecimentos e refletir sobre as questões da aprendizagem escolar para as pessoas adultas maduras e idosas. Para tanto, foi realizada uma Pesquisa Participante ao longo do ano de 2010, com estudantes alfabetizados. Foram considerados nessa análise, a observação participante, os dados presentes na ficha de inscrição no grupo e um questionário que tencionou coletar algumas informações acerca das relações com o próprio processo de aprendizagem. Com relação aos respondentes, foram escolhidos os cinco (5) estudantes mais velhos para participarem de uma entrevista semiestruturada. A partir das entrevistas realizadas e, também, com base nas observações e na análise documental foi possível traçar algumas considerações acerca da indagação que deu origem a essa pesquisa. A partir da análise, as reflexões construídas foram agregadas em quatro temas centrais: a memória, a convivência, a imagem positiva de si mesmo e a capacidade de se manter atualizado. Entre outros achados, foi possível perceber que frequentar o ambiente acadêmico pode ressignificar as aprendizagens escolares e, ao mesmo tempo, permitir que se experimente o lugar de estudante anunciando que é possível viver a velhice de uma forma bem sucedida e feliz.
This research aims to investigate how both the educational and learning experiences, which have developed on the group Revivendo a Vida correlate in the daily lives of mature adults and elderly people. The question is how the new knowledge, the resignification of school knowledge, the maintenance and expansion of mature adults and elderly students' cognitive possibilities influence the daily activities of such subjects. Also in this sense, this research aims to build new knowledge and reflect on the issues of school learning for mature adults and elderly people. In order to achieve that, a Participant Survey was carried out throughout 2010, with literate students. For this analysis it was taken onto account the participant observation, the data present in the registration forms of the Group and a questionnaire intended to collect some information related to the associations with the learning process itself. Regarding the respondents, five (5) older students were chosen to take part into a semi-structured interview. Upon the conducted interviews and, also, based on the comments and on the documental analysis it was possible to draw some considerations about the question which has given rise to this search. From the analysis, the reflections built were grouped into four central themes: the memory, the coexistence, the positive image of oneself and the ability to keep oneself updated. Among other findings, it was possible to realize that participating on the academic environment can bring new meaning to the school learning and, at the same time, enable the experience of being on the student's place announcing that it is possible to live the old age successfully and happy.

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Stewart, Pamela Jr. "Low-income Older Adults' Needs and Preferences for Nutrition Education". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/46478.

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Low-income older adults are at high risk for developing diet-related chronic diseases. Nutrition education programs can improve dietary and lifestyle practices, thereby decreasing the incidence of diet-related diseases. Focus groups were conducted to gain insight into the needs and preferences of low-income older adults for nutrition education. Results were made available for use in the Smart Choices Nutrition Education Program at Virginia Tech to aid in the development of nutrition education programs.

Four focus groups were conducted with a total of 35 elderly (28 females; 7 males), ages 55-90+ years, recruited from Congregate Meal Program sites in four regions of Virginia. Seventeen were African American, and 18 were non-Hispanic white. Discussion questions addressed practices for purchasing and preparing foods, importance of food to health, and preferences for education methods. The Determine Your Nutritional Health Checklist of the Nutrition Screening Initiative was used to assess nutritional risk of the elderly adults. Focus group discussions were audio-taped and written transcripts were made for use in data analysis. Themes of the discussions were identified in that analysis and reported in the following broad areas: Factors that Influenced Dietary Practices of Focus Group Participants and Perceived Needs and Preferences of Focus Group Participants for Nutrition Education.

All elderly believed that food was important to their health and were interested in nutrition education. The predominant theme was the influence of a health condition on dietary practices. The elderly made food choices according to dietary restrictions imposed by their health condition. The most prevalent health conditions were chronic diseases, primarily hypertension, diabetes, and hiatal hernia. The majority (32) were at nutritional risk, with a larger number at high risk (20) than at moderate risk (12). Food preferences and sensory attributes of food also were important to them when making food choices. Some reported that convenience was important because they did not want to spend time and effort to purchase and prepare foods. Some also reported experiencing food insecurity, primarily from lack of money. The majority learned about food and cooking from family members, and only a few learned about nutrition and food choices from health professionals. Most wanted information about disease-specific food choices and preparation methods, and preferred to receive this information during group discussions because sharing ideas and opinions was an effective way to learn. Only a few were interested in television programs, while many were interested in written materials. Nutrition education programs for low-income elderly should teach these adults how to choose and prepare foods that are appealing and nutritious, as well as within dietary restrictions imposed by their health conditions. Educators should convey this information to them in group settings and distribute written materials, such as pamphlets and brochures, that outline "how-to" information.
Master of Science

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Alford, Susan Elizabeth. "A Predictive Model for Dementia Risk in Elderly Adults with Prediabetes". ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/129.

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Dementia is a serious public health concern in the United States, with a prevalence of 5.2 million. There is currently no effective way to prevent or cure dementia, and the precise etiology is unknown, but it appears there are multiple risk factors. Prediabetes (PD) has been identified as a risk factor although the scientific evidence is conflicting. This study is important to those at high risk for dementia and to healthcare professionals who lack substantiated dementia prevention strategies. The purpose of this case control study was to determine whether PD is associated with dementia in adults aged 65-95 years and whether the association varies according to demographic (age, gender, race, and socioeconomic status [SES]) and health (atherosclerosis, body weight, cerebrovascular disease, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and stroke) risk factors. The ecosocial theory was selected to bridge the study findings to life-course exposures and risk factors. Cases (n = 574) and controls (n = 2,157) were sampled from a large ambulatory care dataset, and multivariable logistic regression was used to test the research hypotheses. No unadjusted association between PD and dementia was found (OR 1.08, 95% CI = .854, 1.241, p = .604). The regression analysis revealed no association between PD and dementia; however, atherosclerosis, hypertension, low body weight, and low/average SES were found to be significantly and independently associated with dementia. A stratified analysis revealed that race and SES did not alter the effect of PD on dementia. The implications for positive social change include the potential reduction of incident dementia through initiatives targeted toward demographic and health risk factors including atherosclerosis, hypertension, low body weight, and low/average SES.

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Thornton, Kristina Marie. "SOCIAL WORKERS’ KNOWLEDGE ON AGING, AND ATTITUDES TOWARD OLDER ADULTS". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/628.

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As the baby boomer generation continues growing older, the geriatric community, and their needs grow larger. Many of those needs will necessitate the assistance of social workers’ knowledgeable of geriatrics. Research suggests that many social workers have negative attitudes toward older adults and show little interest in working with the population. The research question of this study was, does social workers’ personal, educational, and professional experience in geriatrics influence their knowledge on aging, and attitudes toward older adults? The researcher hypothesized that social workers with more experience have more knowledge on aging and view older adults more positively. Quantitative and Qualitative data was collected through the administration of a survey created through the online platform Qualtrics. Study participants consisted of 33 social workers located in the state of California. The data was analyzed using univariate and bivariate tests such as frequency, percentage, Pearson r correlation coefficient, and One-Way ANOVA, through the JMP data analysis software program. Additionally, the researcher read over study participants written responses in order to identify themes that emerged. Significant findings were found that supported the hypothesis. A significant relationship was found between social workers’ professional experience (number of years of job experience caring for an older adult), and their knowledge on aging (Facts on Aging II score). Also, the effect of study participants reported education level on their attitudes toward older adults, and knowledge on aging were also significant. Finally, nearly half of study participants reported some degree of interest in working with older adults, while the other half were either impartial or uninterested. The themes identified by the researcher, identified in participants written explanation of their level of interest in working with older adults, suggests that social workers’ interest in working with older adults is influenced by the degree to which they perceive the work as important, enjoyable, and fulfilling their professional goals. The results and findings of this study could contribute to the body of research focused on identifying what influences social workers’ interest for working in geriatrics.

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Sears, Emma Jo Benson. "Self-Directed Learning Projects of Older Adults". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1989. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331838/.

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This study determined the number of self-directed learning projects undertaken by older adults and examined the motivational factors and anticipated benefits related to the learning activities. In addition, obstacles to conducting self-directed learning were identified by the respondents. A list of 20,032 names of adults, aged 50 or more years and residing in Tom Green County, Texas, was obtained from voter registration rolls and the residential rolls of four retirement complexes. Four hundred names were randomly selected to serve as the sample of the study. Of the 400 potential subjects, 120 persons agreed to be interviewed. Indepth interviews were conducted using the questions from Tough's Interview Schedule for Studying Some Basic Characteristics of Learning Projects and a probe sheet to identify obstacles to conducting self-directed learning projects. The interviews focused on the learning activities of older adults during the previous year. The 120 subjects of this study conducted a total of 239 learning projects in the previous year, an average of 1.99 self-directed learning projects per person. Ninety-five (95%) percent of the persons interviewed reported to have conducted at least one learning project in the past year. The majority of the learning projects were self-planned for the purpose of self-enjoyment and self-fulfillment. The most frequent obstacles to conducting self-directed learning projects identified by the subjects included: 1) finding the time for the learning activity; 2) the cost of the learning activity; 3) home responsibilities; 4) difficulty deciding what knowledge or skill to learn; 5) difficulty remembering new material or information; and 6) poor health. Comparisons of the results of this study were made with the results of previous studies by Tough, Hiemstra, and Ralston. The data support the belief that books, pamphlets, and newspapers are the primary source of information for the older adult. The results of this study indicate that older adults value self-directed learning as a major source of self~fulfillment in their lives and are motivated to develop new knowledge and skills through self-planned, self-directed learning projects.

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Costa, Carolina Elizabeth Lopes Lauria Rodrigues da. "A BUSCA DO CONHECIMENTO NA MELHOR IDADE: UM ESTUDO SOBRE O IDOSO ANALFABETO". Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, 2010. http://tede.metodista.br/jspui/handle/tede/1166.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T16:16:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carolina Elizabeth Lopes Lauria Rodrigues da Costa.pdf: 926471 bytes, checksum: 0962882557482df51739fdd793152eb4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-04-05
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This research investigates the process of learning to read and write of the elderly segment. It presumes that the introduction in the world of the reading and the writing it can propitiate, even belatedly, the social inclusion and a transformation in personal life. In that sense, a study was accomplished on the analphabetism in our country acked into a theoretical framework, adopting the view of man as na unfinished and ongoing process of construction, process that can progress social, historical and temporality. To give concreteness the these objectives the option it was for the qualitative approach. They are subject of this study, enrolled students in the Education of Youths and Adults of an Organization No Government (ONG) - a religious institution - and also students of institutions that assist to the elderly segment. They were applied forty questionnaires, through which it was possible to infer that those students look for to rescue the possibility of they be included and accepted socially, as well as conviviality with their pairs.
A presente pesquisa investiga o aprender a ler e a escrever do segmento idoso partindo do pressuposto de que a introdução no mundo da leitura e da escrita pode propiciar-lhe, mesmo que tardiamente, a inclusão social e uma transformação na sua vida pessoal. Nesse sentido, foi realizado um estudo sobre o analfabetismo no nosso país amparado em um referencial teórico específico, adotando a visão de homem como um ser inconcluso e em constante processo de construção que pode progredir social, histórica e temporalmente. Para dar concretude a esses objetivos a opção foi pela abordagem qualitativa. São sujeitos deste estudo, alunos matriculados na Educação de Jovens e Adultos de uma Organização Não Governamental (ONG) uma instituição religiosa e também alunos de instituições que atendem ao segmento idoso. Foram aplicados quarenta questionários, por meio dos quais foi possível inferir que esses alunos buscam resgatar a possibilidade de serem incluídos e aceitos socialmente, bem como convívio com os seus pares.

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Nnacheta, Lorraine. "Assessing Medical Expenditure Disparities Among U.S. Adults with HIV or Cardiovascular Diseases". ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7050.

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Older adults with infectious and chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), are at high risk for associated chronic comorbidities, which are associated with increased medical expenditures to cover treatment costs. The purpose of this study was to investigate (a) whether adults 65 or older with either HIV or cardiovascular disease were predisposed to increased medical expenditures versus adults 64 and younger, and (b) the impact of race and type of health service used on total direct medical expenditures incurred among adults with HIV or cardiovascular disease. A quantitative, deductive, retrospective cross-sectional design was used, and the behavioral model of health services use and the socioecological model were chosen as the study’s theoretical foundations. Analyses were conducted using binary logistic regression. Controlling for confounding variables of education and region of residence, the key findings were that adults ≥ 65 years had higher odds of incurring higher expenditures overall. White patients had higher odds of incurring higher expenditures for medication (OR 1.251), office-based visits (OR 1.433), inpatient visits (OR 1.245), and outpatient visits (OR 1.451) when compared to other races. Older adults with HIV had higher expenditures for medication and home health (OR 1.850); and older adults with cardiovascular disease had higher outpatient (OR 1.235), inpatient (OR 2.142), and emergency room expenditures (OR 1.063). These findings might promote social change because assessing the influences of cost disparities on infectious and chronic diseases can help address variations in health care costs and can initiate the development of tailored evidence-based practice guidelines that can help older adults.

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Madalone, Melissa. "Barriers to Receiving the Influenza Vaccine in Adults 65 Years and Older". ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1414.

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Vaccination is regarded by many as the most effective means of reducing influenza infection and disease; however, many people in the United States are hospitalized from flu-related illness each year. Adults 65 years and older account for more than half of these hospitalizations and almost all flu-related deaths. This project aimed to identify barriers to receiving the influenza vaccine among the adult population (> 65 years of age) in a community setting. The goal was to develop a teaching tool that would assist practitioners towards improving influenza vaccination rates among this population. The Health Belief Model was the theoretical framework utilized. The project was conducted at a primary care practice located in a community outside of New York City. Fifty participants (> 65 years) with no prior influenza vaccination were invited to take part in a short survey involving immunization status and reason for lack of influenza vaccination. Participants completed a researcher designed survey in a private location within the practice setting. Descriptive analysis was completed. Results revealed that 45 (32 females and 13 males) participants refused the influenza vaccine based on fear of becoming infected with the flu from the vaccine itself. The remaining 5 (males) participants based their refusal on never having the flu and therefore deemed the vaccine unnecessary. An educational handout was developed to aid in patient education related to influenza vaccination. Future implications involve the utilization of this tool by all healthcare worker and providers, as well as educating the target population in all community settings where influenza vaccines are administered, ultimately reducing the incidences of influenza and its associated complications by overcoming barriers to vaccination.

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Kelly, Grief Mary C. "Utilization of preventive oral health care by Medicaid-enrolled senior adults during their transition from community-dwelling to nursing facility residence". Thesis, University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2231.

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OBJECTIVE: To establish baseline data of dental utilization and determine the predictors of receipt of dental procedures by Medicaid-enrolled senior adults who reside in Iowa nursing facilities. METHODS: This was a longitudinal retrospective analysis of Iowa Medicaid claims data for SFY 2007-2014 of senior adults who were 68 years or older upon entry to a nursing facility and continuously enrolled (eligible 58 out of 60 months) in Medicaid for three years prior to and at least two years after admission. RESULTS: Controlling for the subject and nursing facility level variables, the strongest predictor of dental utilization after entry was the receipt of a dental procedure before entry (p< 0.001). Subjects residing in a facility located in an urban area (p< 0.002) or in two regions of Iowa (p=0.035, p=0.019, respectively) also had increased odds of receiving a dental procedure. CONCLUSION: Our results show that approximately 50% of the subjects never received a dental procedure in the 5-year study period. The strongest predictor of receipt of dental procedures in the 2 years after entry was the receipt of dental procedures in the 3 years before entry. It is important for Medicaid-enrolled senior adults to establish a dental home while community-dwelling.

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Williams, Nancy McCoin. "A STUDY OF WHY OLDER PEOPLE 65+ DO OR DO NOT EXERCISE". Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2004. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4373.

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This qualitative study uses interviews to examine factors explaining why 20 elderly individuals from a variety of occupations and still living in the community independently did or did not exercise. Within the limits of this qualitative study, the reasons elderly participants gave for avoiding exercise included fear of injury, joint pain, poor health, complications from various degenerative diseases, and a lack of enjoyment of exercise. The reasons for exercising included necessity due to post-heart attack motivation, work-site exercise program or equipment availability, opportunity to habituate work-related tasks, spouse support, history of exercise experience, ability to exercise without injury, enjoyment of family outings, and an appreciation of the enjoyment of exercise.
Ph.D.
Curriculum and Instruction
Education
Curriculum and Instruction

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Più fonti

Libri sul tema "Educations of the elderly and adults"

Alice, Wolf Mary, a cura di. Connecting with older adults: Educational responses and approaches. Malabar, Fla: Krieger Pub. Co., 1996.

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Roberto, Karen. The Elderly Caregiver: Caring for Adults with Developmental Disabilities. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks California 91320 United States: SAGE Publications, Inc., 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781483326511.

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Swanson, Susan M. Abuse and neglect of older adults. Ottawa, Ont: National Clearinghouse on Family Violence, 1998.

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Krout, John A. Anticipated living arrangements of community-dwelling older adults. Ithaca, NY: Pathways to Life Quality, 2000.

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Hilt, Michael L. Television news and the elderly: Broadcast managers' attitudes toward older adults. New York: Garland Pub., 1997.

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Ens, Irene Christina. Abuse of older adults in institutions. Ottawa, Ont: Health Canada, 1999.

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Elder fit: A health and fitness program for older adults. Reston, Va: American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance, 1990.

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Kerrigan, Douglas. Elder odyssey: An Elderhostel sampler guidebook. Greenville, S.C: Market Square, Inc., 1992.

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Buecker, Sam F., e Evan Fink. Abuse, exploitation, and neglect of seniors and incapacitated adults. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2011.

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(Organization), Atlantic Philanthropies. Elders living on the edge: Toward economic security for Connecticut's older adults. Washington, D.C: Wider Opportunities for Women, 2009.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Educations of the elderly and adults"

Tobias, Robert. "The Learning and Education of Older Adults in Aotearoa New Zealand". In Education for the Elderly in the Asia Pacific, 125–47. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3326-3_8.

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Choi, Ilseon. "Current State and Issues of Education for Older Adults in South Korea". In Education for the Elderly in the Asia Pacific, 15–29. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3326-3_2.

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Owatnupat, Nutthaporn. "Foreign Language Learning in Older Adults: Benefits, Challenges, and Suggestions for Teaching". In Education for the Elderly in the Asia Pacific, 221–34. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3326-3_13.

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Guo, Yongyan, e Wei Ding. "Study on the Persuasive Design Method of Health Education for the Elderly Adults". In Human Aspects of IT for the Aged Population. Design for the Elderly and Technology Acceptance, 22–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22012-9_2.

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Guo, Yongyan, Wei Ding e Yongjing Guo. "Persuasive Design Strategy of Health Education in Interaction Design for the Elderly Adults". In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 440–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23525-3_59.

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Guo, Yongyan. "Persuasive Design Strategy of Online Health Education for Elderly Adults Based on TAM Model". In Human Aspects of IT for the Aged Population. Healthy and Active Aging, 269–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50249-2_20.

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Carter, Jan. "The elderly". In Day Services for Adults, 22–43. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003193692-5.

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Carter, Jan. "The Elderly Confused". In Day Services for Adults, 84–92. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003193692-9.

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Nyström, Ernst, Gertrud E. B. Berg, Svante K. G. Jansson, Ove Tørring e Stig V. Valdemarsson. "Thyrotoxicosis in the Elderly". In Thyroid Disease in Adults, 199–200. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13262-9_23.

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Nagaratnam, Nages, Kujan Nagaratnam e Gary Cheuk. "Psychiatry of Older Adults". In Diseases in the Elderly, 325–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25787-7_15.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Educations of the elderly and adults"

González Sánchez, Osmila Seilet. "Pilot Study Of Executive Functions In Elderly Adults In Care Homes". In EDUHEM 2018 - VIII International conference on intercultural education and International conference on transcultural health: The Value Of Education And Health For A Global,Transcultural World. Cognitive-Crcs, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2019.04.02.95.

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Tunurrohmin, Zela. "Application of Precede Proceed Model on Factors Affecting Depression Symptom in the Elderly: Evidence from Surakarta, Central Java". In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.44.

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ABSTRACT Background: Geriatric depression is a mental and emotional disorder affecting older adults. Social support is an important factor known to moderate the deleterious effects of stress in elderly. This study aimed to determine factors affecting depression symptom in the elderly using PRECEDE PROCEED model. Subjects and Method: A cross sectional study was conducted in Surakarta, Central Java. A sample of 200 elderly was selected for this study by cluster random sampling. The dependent variable was depression. The independent variables were gender, marital status, residence, education, family support, and peer support. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multiple linear regression run on Stata 13. Results: The risk of depression in elderly increased with female (b= 5.53; 95% CI= 3.38 to 7.70; p<0.001), unmarried (b= 4.15; 95% CI=1.36 to 6.95; p= 0.004), and living at nursing home (b= 8.16; 95% CI= 5.26 to 11.06; p<0.001). The risk of depression decreased with high education (b= -5.51; 95% CI= -7.49 to -3.51; p<0.001), strong peer support (b= -2.75; 95% CI= -4.92 to -0.58; p= 0.013), and strong family support (b= -5.02; 95% CI= -7.96 to -2.09; p<0.001). Conclusion: The risk of depression in elderly increases with female, unmarried, and living at nursing home. The risk of depression decreases with high education, strong peer support, and strong family support. Keywords: depression, elderly Correspondence: Zela Tunurrohmin. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: ze.zelatunurrohmin@gmail.com. Mobile: 082225442002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.44

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Aponte-Becerra, Laura, Jorge A. Trevino, Stephanie Buss, Long Ngo, Regina McGlinchey, Catherine Fortier, Peter Novak, Christos Mantzoros e Vera Novak. "Modifiers of cardiovascular risk score on disability in the elderly". In the 8th International Workshop on Innovative Simulation for Healthcare. CAL-TEK srl, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46354/i3m.2019.iwish.018.

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"Cardiovascular disease (CVD) affects daily living functionality, cognitive ability, and mood. We evaluated the effects of a CVD risk score on disability and assessed the characteristics that may modify this relationship in 192 older adults (mean age: 65.6 years, 96 women). WHODAS 2.0 was used to measure global disability and mobility difficulty. Framingham Risk Score (FRS) was used to predict 10-year cardiovascular mortality risk. Sociodemographic characteristics, mental status, overall mood, and gait speed were evaluated for their potential modification of the effect of FRS on WHODAS. We used general linear models to estimate the main effect and interaction effects for the modifiers. A higher effect of FRS was significantly associated with worse WHODAS total score and mobility subscore. We found female gender, younger age, higher IQ, more years of education, higher MMSE, faster gait speed, and higher GDS to be potential effect modifiers."

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Cloutier, Aimee, James Yang, Debajyoti Pati, Shabboo Valipoor, Brandon Snailer e Jerrod Hollers. "Identifying Possible Patient Slips and Falls Using Motion Capture Experiments". In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-46635.

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The Centers for Disease and Control report that falls are the most common cause of injury in older adults. Moderate to severe fall-related injuries significantly interfere with independent living and reduce quality of life, and it is necessary to prevent these falls whenever possible. The present study seeks to identify factors within a hospital bedroom and bathroom setting that may lead to falls. A motion capture experiment was conducted in a laboratory setting on thirty subjects over the age of seventy using one bedroom and two bathroom mockups designed to match the dimensions and layout of a representative room drawn from the archives of a large healthcare design firm. Data were post processed using Cortex and Visual3D software. A potential fall was defined as a period of time during which the jerk trajectory of the upper body’s center of mass remained consistently high. Preliminary results suggest that falls are more likely to occur when a patient is reaching, taking backwards steps, or turning. Future work includes locating each potential fall in a video recording to be analyzed by healthcare professionals including healthcare designers, clinicians, and a kinesiology expert. Identifying potential falls may lead to safer designs for hospital bedrooms and bathrooms and improved education for elderly adults about how to prevent falls.

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Liu, Fengjuan, Weiwen Wang, Yan Zhou e Jiangguo Cai. "Research on the Impact of Education Level for the Adults under 60 Years Old on the Elderly Care Mode and the Corresponding Industry Based on MLR Model". In 2020 2nd International Conference on Economic Management and Model Engineering (ICEMME). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icemme51517.2020.00087.

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Do, Quan, Kris Robinson e Son Tran. "Big Data Analysis: Why Not an Asthma APP?" In InSITE 2015: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: USA. Informing Science Institute, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2216.

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Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is among the highest health diagnosis and therefore an economic drain, which puts substantial pressure on a huge number of patients, communities, and health systems. These chronic conditions are presently incurable but their symptoms can be controlled through quality health care, appropriate medications, and good self-management skills. Many asthma APPs have been developed to support asthma patients’ self-management of the disease. Asthma APPs are still in the infancy stage of development. Literature review indicates satisfaction to be equivocal. Moreover, available APPs have many unresolved issues, such as the following: (1) No APP provides comprehensive asthma information while at the same time possessing the characteristics of an efficient tool for self-management of the disease; (2) No APP has the ability to integrate data from disparate formats; (3) Not many APPs provide for two way communication between patients and Health Care Providers (HCPs) and support the providers decision making process; (4) No APP targets older adults. Different sources of data often imply data stored in inherently different formats. The integration of such data, culled from different databases requires use of Big Data (BD) techniques. The proposed asthma mobile APP aims to promote elderly asthma patients’ positive adjustment to this chronic disease by being an effective tool for patients to control their asthma triggers and support asthma self-management. Adjustment is a dynamic process and varies by individual. For that reason, a personalized asthma APP is necessary to control this chronic disease. The proposed asthma APP will allow patients to input their own asthma self-management data so the APP can identify patient personal triggers and will predict an asthma attack accordingly. Considering a patient’s individual determinants and uniqueness is required to push the patient’s positive adjustment to asthma since these elements affect the ability of individual to adapt to the illness. The paper reports our effort to establish the desirable characteristics for the next generation asthma APP and for a population segment not presently well served.

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B. Kretchmer, Susan, Rod Carveth e Karen Riggs. "Panel on: Global Perspectives and Partnership on the Information and Communication Technology Divide". In 2002 Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2517.

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This paper explores the contours of old age as it meets up with new technologies in contexts of work. Old age is a problematic field, always subject to renegotiation of meaning due to changes in life expectancy and never more so than in the critical first three decades of the 21st century, when the proportion of older people is dramatically increasing, with the West in the lead. I attempt to provide a context in which scholars, activists, and others might begin talking about the changing role of work for older adults in a hightech economy. Instead of offering a statistical breakdown that can be generalized to our entire older adult population, it tells the stories of real people associated with this complex set of concerns, demonstrating how difficult it is to paint any definitive sort of portrait of aging in American culture. Its primary usefulness might be in the recognition it offers for us that, like the rest of us who are reeling from the velocity at which change is arriving in contemporary life, elders are facing myriad tensions, consequences, and challenges and are meeting these with varying outcomes.

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Tong, Tiffany, e Mark Chignell. "Designing game-based cognitive assessments for elderly adults". In Gamification '13: Gameful Design, Research, and Applications. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2583008.2583031.

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D’Haeseleer, Ine, Dries Oeyen, Bart Vanrumste, Dominique Schreurs e Vero Abeele. "The Unacceptance of a Self-Management Health System by Healthy Older Adults". In Special Session on Technology, Elderly & Games. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009806402690280.

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Krishna, Onkar, e Kiyoharu Aizawa. "Billboard Saliency Detection in Street Videos for Adults and Elderly". In 2018 25th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icip.2018.8451835.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Educations of the elderly and adults"

Zimmer, Zachary, Linda Martin, Mary Ofstedal e Yi-Li Chuang. Education of adult children and mortality of their elderly parents in Taiwan. Population Council, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy2.1021.

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Quail, Stephanie, e Sarah Coysh. Inside Out: A Curriculum for Making Grant Outputs into OER. York University Libraries, ottobre 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25071/10315/38016.

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Catalyzed by the passing of the York University Open Access Policy last year, a recognition has been growing at York University, like most other institutions, about the value of Open Educational Resources (OER) and more broadly, open education. This heightened awareness led to the formation of a campus-wide Open Education Working Group in January 2020. The group advocated that faculty members who receive internal funding for teaching innovation projects through York’s Academic Innovation Fund (AIF) should include a Creative Commons license on their grant outputs to facilitate the re-use, and potentially re-mixing, of the content by educators inside and outside of York University. A copy and/or link to their grant output would also be deposited into York’s institutional repository, YorkSpace. To support the 71 funded projects in achieving these lofty goals, an open education and open licensing curriculum was developed by two of the librarian members of the Open Education Working Group. This session describes how the librarians created the training program and participants will leave the session better understanding: How to develop learning modules for adult learners and apply these best practices when teaching faculty online (synchronously & asynchronously); How to access York’s open education training program and learn how they can remix the content for their own institution’s training purposes; The common types of questions and misconceptions that arise when teaching an open education and Creative Commons licensing program for faculty. Originally the program was conceived as an in-person workshop series; however, with the COVID-19 campus closure, it was redesigned into a four module synchronous and asynchronous educational program delivered via Moodle, H5P and Zoom. Modeled after the SUNY OER Community Course and materials from Abbey Elder’s OER Starter Kit, the program gave grant recipients a grounding in open educational resources, searching open course material repositories, copyright/Creative Commons licensing, and content deposit in York’s institutional repository, including OER metadata creation and accessibility considerations. The librarians modeled best practices in the use and creation of Creative Commons licensed resources throughout the program. Qualitative feedback was gathered at the end of each module in both the synchronous and asynchronous offerings of the program and will be shared with participants. The presenters will also discuss lessons learned, next steps, and some of the challenges they encountered. https://youtu.be/n6dT8UNLtJo

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McCarthy, Noel, Eileen Taylor, Martin Maiden, Alison Cody, Melissa Jansen van Rensburg, Margaret Varga, Sophie Hedges et al. Enhanced molecular-based (MLST/whole genome) surveillance and source attribution of Campylobacter infections in the UK. Food Standards Agency, luglio 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.ksj135.

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This human campylobacteriosis sentinel surveillance project was based at two sites in Oxfordshire and North East England chosen (i) to be representative of the English population on the Office for National Statistics urban-rural classification and (ii) to provide continuity with genetic surveillance started in Oxfordshire in October 2003. Between October 2015 and September 2018 epidemiological questionnaires and genome sequencing of isolates from human cases was accompanied by sampling and genome sequencing of isolates from possible food animal sources. The principal aim was to estimate the contributions of the main sources of human infection and to identify any changes over time. An extension to the project focussed on antimicrobial resistance in study isolates and older archived isolates. These older isolates were from earlier years at the Oxfordshire site and the earliest available coherent set of isolates from the national archive at Public Health England (1997/8). The aim of this additional work was to analyse the emergence of the antimicrobial resistance that is now present among human isolates and to describe and compare antimicrobial resistance in recent food animal isolates. Having identified the presence of bias in population genetic attribution, and that this was not addressed in the published literature, this study developed an approach to adjust for bias in population genetic attribution, and an alternative approach to attribution using sentinel types. Using these approaches the study estimated that approximately 70% of Campylobacter jejuni and just under 50% of C. coli infection in our sample was linked to the chicken source and that this was relatively stable over time. Ruminants were identified as the second most common source for C. jejuni and the most common for C. coli where there was also some evidence for pig as a source although less common than ruminant or chicken. These genomic attributions of themselves make no inference on routes of transmission. However, those infected with isolates genetically typical of chicken origin were substantially more likely to have eaten chicken than those infected with ruminant types. Consumption of lamb’s liver was very strongly associated with infection by a strain genetically typical of a ruminant source. These findings support consumption of these foods as being important in the transmission of these infections and highlight a potentially important role for lamb’s liver consumption as a source of Campylobacter infection. Antimicrobial resistance was predicted from genomic data using a pipeline validated by Public Health England and using BIGSdb software. In C. jejuni this showed a nine-fold increase in resistance to fluoroquinolones from 1997 to 2018. Tetracycline resistance was also common, with higher initial resistance (1997) and less substantial change over time. Resistance to aminoglycosides or macrolides remained low in human cases across all time periods. Among C. jejuni food animal isolates, fluoroquinolone resistance was common among isolates from chicken and substantially less common among ruminants, ducks or pigs. Tetracycline resistance was common across chicken, duck and pig but lower among ruminant origin isolates. In C. coli resistance to all four antimicrobial classes rose from low levels in 1997. The fluoroquinolone rise appears to have levelled off earlier and among animals, levels are high in duck as well as chicken isolates, although based on small sample sizes, macrolide and aminoglycoside resistance, was substantially higher than for C. jejuni among humans and highest among pig origin isolates. Tetracycline resistance is high in isolates from pigs and the very small sample from ducks. Antibiotic use following diagnosis was relatively high (43.4%) among respondents in the human surveillance study. Moreover, it varied substantially across sites and was highest among non-elderly adults compared to older adults or children suggesting opportunities for improved antimicrobial stewardship. The study also found evidence for stable lineages over time across human and source animal species as well as some tighter genomic clusters that may represent outbreaks. The genomic dataset will allow extensive further work beyond the specific goals of the study. This has been made accessible on the web, with access supported by data visualisation tools.

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Nolan, Brian, Brenda Gannon, Richard Layte, Dorothy Watson, Christopher T. Whelan e James Williams. Monitoring Poverty Trends in Ireland: Results from the 2000 Living in Ireland survey. ESRI, luglio 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.26504/prs45.

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This study is the latest in a series monitoring the evolution of poverty, based on data gathered by The ESRI in the Living in Ireland Surveys since 1994. These have allowed progress towards achieving the targets set out in the National Anti Poverty Strategy since 1997 to be assessed. The present study provides an updated picture using results from the 2000 round of the Living in Ireland survey. The numbers interviewed in the 2000 Living in Ireland survey were enhanced substantially, to compensate for attrition in the panel survey since it commenced in 1994. Individual interviews were conducted with 8,056 respondents. Relative income poverty lines do not on their own provide a satisfactory measure of exclusion due to lack of resources, but do nonetheless produce important key indicators of medium to long-term background trends. The numbers falling below relative income poverty lines were most often higher in 2000 than in 1997 or 1994. The income gap for those falling below these thresholds also increased. By contrast, the percentage of persons falling below income lines indexed only to prices (rather than average income) since 1994 or 1997 fell sharply, reflecting the pronounced real income growth throughout the distribution between then and 2000. This contrast points to the fundamental factors at work over this highly unusual period: unemployment fell very sharply and substantial real income growth was seen throughout the distribution, including social welfare payments, but these lagged behind income from work and property so social welfare recipients were more likely to fall below thresholds linked to average income. The study shows an increasing probability of falling below key relative income thresholds for single person households, those affected by illness or disability, and for those who are aged 65 or over - many of whom rely on social welfare support. Those in households where the reference person is unemployed still face a relatively high risk of falling below the income thresholds but continue to decline as a proportion of all those below the lines. Women face a higher risk of falling below those lines than men, but this gap was marked among the elderly. The study shows a marked decline in deprivation levels across different household types. As a result consistent poverty, that is the numbers both below relative income poverty lines and experiencing basic deprivation, also declined sharply. Those living in households comprising one adult with children continue to face a particularly high risk of consistent poverty, followed by those in families with two adults and four or more children. The percentage of adults in households below 70 per cent of median income and experiencing basic deprivation was seen to have fallen from 9 per cent in 1997 to about 4 per cent, while the percentage of children in such households fell from 15 per cent to 8 per cent. Women aged 65 or over faced a significantly higher risk of consistent poverty than men of that age. Up to 2000, the set of eight basic deprivation items included in the measure of consistent poverty were unchanged, so it was important to assess whether they were still capturing what would be widely seen as generalised deprivation. Factor analysis suggested that the structuring of deprivation items into the different dimensions has remained remarkably stable over time. Combining low income with the original set of basic deprivation indicators did still appear to identify a set of households experiencing generalised deprivation as a result of prolonged constraints in terms of command over resources, and distinguished from those experiencing other types of deprivation. However, on its own this does not tell the whole story - like purely relative income measures - nor does it necessarily remain the most appropriate set of indicators looking forward. Finally, it is argued that it would now be appropriate to expand the range of monitoring tools to include alternative poverty measures incorporating income and deprivation. Levels of deprivation for some of the items included in the original basic set were so low by 2000 that further progress will be difficult to capture empirically. This represents a remarkable achievement in a short space of time, but poverty is invariably reconstituted in terms of new and emerging social needs in a context of higher societal living standards and expectations. An alternative set of basic deprivation indicators and measure of consistent poverty is presented, which would be more likely to capture key trends over the next number of years. This has implications for the approach adopted in monitoring the National Anti-Poverty Strategy. Monitoring over the period to 2007 should take a broader focus than the consistent poverty measure as constructed to date, with attention also paid to both relative income and to consistent poverty with the amended set of indicators identified here.

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