Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Effect of temperature on food crops"

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Effect of temperature on food crops"

1

Kwakye, Jacob. "Effect of Temperature and Rainfall Variability on Selected Crop Yields in Wenchi Municipality of Ghana." American Journal of Environment and Climate 2, no. 1 (2023): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.54536/ajec.v2i1.1328.

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Abstract (sommario):
The paper examines how rainfall and temperature variability affect the yields of selected food crops in the Wenchi municipality of Ghana. The study employed the quantitative research method to achieve its objective. The datasets consisted of historical records of monthly observational data of temperature and rainfall collected over 22 years (2000-2021), and yearly records of cassava, yam, and maize yield data collected over 22 years (2000 to 2021). Trend analysis was conducted to examine the trend in the climate variables (temperature and rainfall) and the yield of the selected food crops (cassava, yam, and maize) over the study period. A marginal variation in annual rainfall and temperature was observed over the study period. The municipality experienced slightly decreasing trends in annual rainfall and increasing trends in annual temperatures. Significant variations and increasing trends in the yields of the respective food crops were observed. Using standard regression methods, the result shows that maximum and minimum temperatures are associated with increased yields for yam, maize and cassava, but annual rainfall is not significantly associated with the variations in the yields of the selected food crops. The study, therefore, suggests that further research be undertaken to investigate how other environmental and non-climatic factors influence crop production in the Wenchi municipality.
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2

Gupta, Komal, S. S. Bhadauria, and C. S. Puhup. "Effect of climate change on agriculture and sustainability." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 19, RAAAHSTSE (2023): 163–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/19.raaahstse-2023/163-167.

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Abstract (sommario):
Global climate change is a change in the long-term weather patterns that characterize the regions of the world. The term “weather” refers to the short-term (daily) changes in temperature, wind and precipitation of a region. Climate change is more than global warming. The rise in average temperature is only one indicator of broader changes also translating into extreme temperatures, drought, flooding, storms, rising sea levels, impacts on food production and infectious diseases. Although the scientific community has been aware of the link between greenhouse gases (GHGs) and climate change for many years, world leaders have been slow to react and implement measures to mitigate the risks. In the long run, the climatic change could affect agriculture in several ways such as quantity and quality of crops in terms of productivity, growth rates, photosynthesis and transpiration rates, moisture availability etc. It is directly impact food production across the globe. Increase in the mean seasonal temperature can reduce the duration of many crops and hence reduce the yield. Drivers of climate change through alterations in atmospheric composition can also influence food production directly by its impacts on plant physiology. The consequences of agriculture’s contribution to climate change, and of climate change’s negative impact on agriculture, are severe which is projected to have a great impact on food production and may threaten the food security and hence, require special agricultural measures to combat with.
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3

Jha, Brajesh, and Amarnath Tripathi. "How Susceptible Is India’s Food Basket to Climate Change?" Social Change 47, no. 1 (2017): 11–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0049085716681902.

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Abstract (sommario):
Food security in India is often associated with the sufficiency of fine cereals (paddy and wheat) in the consumer basket, and the concentration of fine cereals in total cereal production and distribution in India makes climate change-related threats more severe. The pattern of changes in the climate variables is ascertained with monthly rainfall and temperature data for day and night. Findings suggest unambiguous increase in day temperature across reference months and regions. The increase in the night temperature is conspicuous in states, south of the Tropic of Cancer. Rainfall pattern indicates a shift in rain across months and reference regions. The susceptibility of fine cereals is studied by separately regressing productivity of paddy and wheat crops on climatic variables and time. The day temperature has an adverse effect on yield of both the crops; effect is significant during flowering and grain filling stage of paddy and wheat respectively. The night temperature is affecting yield of paddy adversely. The relationship between temperature and yield of crops is revealed with the log-linear specifications in the most cases. In Haryana, relationship between the above variables is quadratic. Time, irrespective of climate variables, remains an important explanatory variable for variation in the yield of crops.
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4

Fang, Ming, Songqing Jin, Klaus Deininger, and Matthew Gammans. "Heterogenous climate impacts on crop yields: evidence from Ukraine." Environmental Research Communications 5, no. 10 (2023): 105015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/acde36.

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Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Ukraine ranks among the largest global producers and exporters of a variety of agricultural commodities. Despite its importance, there is limited research on the effect of climate change on the future of Ukraine’s agricultural sector. We investigate how weather affects the yields of Ukraine’s five major crops: winter wheat, spring barley, sunflower, soybean, and corn. Using panel data on village-level surveyed crop yields and fine-scale weather data from 2004–2020, we estimate flexible statistical yield models to characterize the impact of temperature and precipitation changes on crop yields. A simple linear model of the effect of average temperature and precipitation on yields suggests warming is beneficial for all crops in Ukraine. However, a more flexible model of the temperature-yield relationship implies that the yields of two cold-season crops, winter wheat and spring barley, respond negatively to temperatures above 29 °C and 30 °C, respectively. We find no negative effects of high temperatures for the three warm-season crops. We conclude that both average temperature and exposure to high temperatures affect Ukrainian yields.
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5

Elsheikh, Wadah. "Effect of Climate Change on Agricultural Production: A Case Study Khartoum State, Sudan." Open Access Journal of Agricultural Research 7, no. 3 (2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajar-16000299.

Testo completo
Abstract (sommario):
Climate change refers to weather changes that occur through time, either naturally or as a result of human activity. Climate change is now a worldwide issue, and Sudan is one of the developing countries that have suffered as a result of it. Sudan's economy is mostly based on agricultural, with Khartoum State playing a significant part in the country's economy. There are various important food crops grown in Khartoum, including wheat and sorghum. It is also known for the production of citrus fruits, particularly lemon, as well as onions, potatoes, beans, tomatoes, vegetables, fodder, and other crops. The results of this study showed that the annual highest maximum temperature was 40.8 °C in May and the lowest was in January 30 °C, while the minimum temperature ranged from 15.4 °C in January to 27.1 °C in June. For average temperature the highest degree was 34.3 °C in May and lowest was 22.7 °C in January. As for the precipitation, the highest was in August, reaching 27 mm, while the lowest was 3 mm in May, during the rainy months, which are between May and October only. As for the rainy days in the rainy months during the year, the highest value was 4 mm during July and August, while lowest was 1 mm in May, June and October, while it was 2 mm in the month of September. The highest humidity was 47% in August and the lowest was 12% in April. While for sunny days, the highest daylight hours were in June, when it was 11.7 hours, and the lowest hours were at 10.1 hours, and it was recorded in December. In this article, we specifically discussed how these climatic factors might impact the growth of important food crops in Khartoum. Climate change in Khartoum foretold that temperatures would rise to their highest point in the future, having a negative impact on agricultural crops. Due to low rainfall, drought stress on crops is also anticipated. The remedies to this issue are represented by integrated natural resource management and development, agricultural improvement and development, and the cultivation of species resistant to the impacts of climate change.
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6

Sanadya, Anurag, Avinash Yadu, Jeet Raj, Harshana Chandrakar, and Ranjit Singh. "Effect of Temperature on Growth, Quality, Yield Attributing Characters and Yield of Rice – A Review." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 8 (2023): 804–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i82014.

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Abstract (sommario):
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the second most important food in the world after wheat. Most rice is now grown in areas where the temperature is higher than the optimum growing temperature (28/22°C); therefore, a further increase in average temperature or high temperature occurring in the sensitive phase of the crop can affect growth and yield. Clutter. For every 1°C increase in daytime maximum/night minimum temperature from 28°C/21°C to 34°C/27°C, rice yield decreases by 7% to 8%. Additionally, the benefits that crops derive from high atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations must be lost due to warming. The thermal stability of cell membranes is thought to correlate well with yield performance. Temperature is important in photosynthesis, but too hot can cause reduced photosynthesis of leaves and reduced distribution of dry matter to shoots and roots. The disadvantage of temperature is not limited to the above-ground rice. The underground area is affected, if not more, by the flood, and the temperature of the soil changes due to the heat. Future increases in global temperatures threaten people worldwide who depend on crops for their health and food security. In the past, the stress of the crisis on rice production focused on the rice crop. This review highlights the importance of rice in the world, the effect of high temperature on the growth, quality, yield and properties of rice, and the need for future research.
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7

Mangkoedihardjo, Sarwoko, and Dwi Rinnarsuri Noraduola. "Productive Façade Placement Determines Building Thermal Comfort and Food Security." Israa University Journal for Applied Science 7, no. 1 (2023): 236–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.52865/ijjl6363.

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Abstract (sommario):
Background: The high density of buildings in urban areas faces higher temperature pressures with the reduced greenspace area that can absorb greenhouse gases and be a shade. Efforts to minimize temperature pressure are approached using productive green facades using food plants. This study aims to gain thermal comfort by placing productive facades and as an occupants' food security effort. Methods: Several artificial buildings equipped with productive facades were provided in field trials. Productive facades are pumpkin (Cucubita pepo) and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L). The research method analyzes the diurnal behavior of temperature and humidity on both productive facade surfaces. Thermal comfort performance was assessed for east and west-facing sunlight. Results: The microclimatic conditions in the field experiment fluctuated; however, the variation supported the growth of the two crops. The pumpkin facade facing east and west produces a cooling effect of as much as 2.30oC, while the sweet potato facade can cause warming and cooling effects of as much as 0.40oC. Morphologically, the pumpkin facade gives a cooling effect more than the sweet potato facade. The two characteristics of pumpkin facades reveal that they can be superior in implementation on both sides of the building and their use in providing additional food for occupants. Conclusions: The placement of the façade facing east and west for certain types of food crops determines the cooling effect of the building.
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8

Fan, Xinyi, Duoping Zhu, Xiaofang Sun, et al. "Impacts of Extreme Temperature and Precipitation on Crops during the Growing Season in South Asia." Remote Sensing 14, no. 23 (2022): 6093. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14236093.

Testo completo
Abstract (sommario):
South Asia, one of the most important food producing regions in the world, is facing a significant threat to food grain production under the influence of extreme high temperatures. Furthermore, the probability of simultaneous trends in extreme precipitation patterns and extreme heat conditions, which can have compounding effects on crops, is a likelihood in South Asia. In this study, we found complex relationships between extreme heat and precipitation patterns, as well as compound effects on major crops (rice and wheat) in South Asia. We also employed event coincidence analysis (ECA) to quantify the likelihood of simultaneous temperature and crop extremes. We used the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) as the primary data to evaluate the distinct responses of major crops to weather extremes. Our results suggest that while the probability of simultaneous extreme events is small, most regions of South Asia (more than half) have experienced extreme events. The regulatory effect of precipitation on heat stress is very unevenly distributed in South Asia. The harm caused by a wet year at high temperature is far greater than that during a dry year, although the probability of a dry year is greater than that of a wet year. For the growing seasons, the highest significant event coincidence rates at a low EVI were found for both high- and low-temperature extremes. The regions that responded positively to EVI at extreme temperatures were mainly concentrated in irrigated farmland, and the regions that responded negatively to EVI at extreme temperatures were mostly in the mountains and other high-altitude regions. Implications can guide crop adaptation interventions in response to these climate influences.
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9

MARSHALL, KRISTIN M., LOUIS NOWACZYK, TRAVIS R. MORRISSEY, et al. "Effect of Sporulation Temperature on the Resistance of Clostridium botulinum Type A Spores to Thermal and High Pressure Processing." Journal of Food Protection 78, no. 1 (2015): 146–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-186.

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Abstract (sommario):
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sporulation temperature on the resistance of Clostridium botulinum type A spores of strains 62A and GiorgioA to thermal and high pressure processing (HPP). Spore crops produced in Trypticase–peptone–glucose–yeast extract broth at four incubation temperatures (20, 27, 37, and 41°C) were harvested, and heat resistance studies were conducted at 105°C (strain 62A) and 100°C (strain GiorgioA). Resistance to HPP was evaluated by subjecting the spores to a high pressure (700 MPa) and temperature combination (105°C, strain 62A; 100°C strain GiorgioA) in a laboratory-scale pressure test system. The decimal reduction time (D-value) was calculated using the log-linear model. Although the time to sporulation for GiorgioA was shorter and resulted in higher spore concentrations than for 62A at 20, 27, and 37°C, GiorgioA did not produce a sufficient spore crop at 41°C to be evaluated. The heat resistance of 62A spores was greatest when produced at 27°C and decreased for spore crops produced above or below 27°C (D105°C-values: 20°C, 1.9 min; 27°C, 4.03 min; 37°C, 3.66 min; and 41°C, 3.5 min; P < 0.05). Unlike 62A, the heat resistance behavior of GiorgioA spores increased with rising sporulation temperature, and spores formed at the organism's optimum growth temperature of 37°C were the most resistant (D100°C-values: 20°C, 3.4 min; 27°C, 5.08 min; and 37°C, 5.65 min; P < 0.05). Overall, all spore crops were less resistant to pressure-assisted thermal processing than thermal treatment alone. Sporulation temperature has an effect on the resistance of C. botulinum spores to heat and HPP, and is characteristic to a particular strain. Knowledge of the effect of sporulation temperature on the resistance of C. botulinum spores is vital for the production of spores utilized in thermal and high pressure inactivation studies.
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10

Gurieva, K. B., V. V. Looze, N. A. Khaba, and S. L. Beletskiy. "Evaluation of the influence of negative temperature during storage on the quality of food grain." Tovaroved prodovolstvennykh tovarov (Commodity specialist of food products), no. 3 (March 1, 2022): 207–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/igt-01-2203-07.

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Abstract (sommario):
The influence of negative temperatures during storage on the quality and baking properties of food grain was assessed. The effect of constant negative temperature on lipid fractions and baking properties of wheat and the quality of bread was studied. Experimental data on the storage of grain crops in unregulated temperature and humidity conditions of permafrost on the Taimyr Peninsula were analyzed, and the safety and preservation of the technological and baking characteristics of the quality of wheat and rye for a long period (up to 36 years) was confirmed.
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