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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Endophyte"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 25 luglio 2025

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1

Helander, M. L., T. N. Sieber, O. Petrini, and S. Neuvonen. "Endophytic fungi in Scots pine needles: spatial variation and consequences of simulated acid rain." Canadian Journal of Botany 72, no. 8 (1994): 1108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b94-135.

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Within- and among-tree variation in assemblages of endophytic fungi in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) needles were studied in a subarctic area where background pollution values are low; the effects of tree density and prolonged simulated acid rain on the occurrence of endophytic fungi were investigated. The needle endophyte most frequently isolated was Cenangium ferruginosum, accounting for 64% of all fungal individuals, followed by Cyclaneusma minus (12% of all individuals). Old needles were colonized more frequently by endophytes than young ones. In young needles the colonization by endophyte

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2

Hou, QinZheng, DaWei Chen, Yu-pei Wang, Nurbiye Ehmet, Jing Ma, and Kun Sun. "Analysis of endophyte diversity of Gentiana officinalis among different tissue types and ages and their association with four medicinal secondary metabolites." PeerJ 10 (August 30, 2022): e13949. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13949.

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Background The difference of metabolites in medicinal plants has always been concerned to be influenced by external environmental factors. However, the relationship between endophytes and host metabolites remains unclear. Methods In this study, we used 16S and ITS amplicon sequencing to compare endophyte diversity among different tissue types and ages of Gentiana officinalis. Endophyte diversity and abundance was also analyzed in relation to the abundance of four secondary metabolites (Gentiopicroside, Loganic acid, Swertiamarine and Sweroside). Results The diversity and richness of G. officin

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3

Tiwari, Pragya, and Hanhong Bae. "Endophytic Fungi: Key Insights, Emerging Prospects, and Challenges in Natural Product Drug Discovery." Microorganisms 10, no. 2 (2022): 360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10020360.

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Plant-associated endophytes define an important symbiotic association in nature and are established bio-reservoirs of plant-derived natural products. Endophytes colonize the internal tissues of a plant without causing any disease symptoms or apparent changes. Recently, there has been a growing interest in endophytes because of their beneficial effects on the production of novel metabolites of pharmacological significance. Studies have highlighted the socio-economic implications of endophytic fungi in agriculture, medicine, and the environment, with considerable success. Endophytic fungi-mediat

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4

West, E. R., E. J. Cother, C. C. Steel, and G. J. Ash. "The characterization and diversity of bacterial endophytes of grapevine." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 56, no. 3 (2010): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w10-004.

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The diversity of culturable and nonculturable bacterial endophytes of grapevine ( Vitis vinifera L.) was examined using a combination of cultivation and molecular methods. Entire grapevines were sampled to characterize bacterial diversity from different locations throughout the vine. Gas chromatography of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) was used to identify culturable isolates prior to subsequent further microbiological characterization, whilst denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was used to profile the ribosomal DNA of the bacterial endophyte community extracted from grapevines. G

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5

Moricca, S., and A. Ragazzi. "Fungal Endophytes in Mediterranean Oak Forests: A Lesson from Discula quercina." Phytopathology® 98, no. 4 (2008): 380–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-98-4-0380.

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Fungal endophytes that colonize forest trees are widespread, but they are less well known than endophytes infecting grasses. The few studies on endophytes in trees mainly concern the tropical areas and the northernmost latitudes, while similar investigations in the Mediterranean region have so far been scarce and incidental. Endophytes are studied mostly in economically important forests suffering from diseases, such as oak forests. One common endophyte that has received some study on oak is the mitosporic Discula quercina. This paper, after first addressing some basic problems on tree endophy

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6

Conn, Vanessa M., and Christopher M. M. Franco. "Effect of Microbial Inoculants on the Indigenous Actinobacterial Endophyte Population in the Roots of Wheat as Determined by Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 11 (2004): 6407–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.11.6407-6413.2004.

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ABSTRACT The effect of single actinobacterial endophyte seed inoculants and a mixed microbial soil inoculant on the indigenous endophytic actinobacterial population in wheat roots was investigated by using the molecular technique terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). Wheat was cultivated either from seeds coated with the spores of single pure actinobacterial endophytes of Microbispora sp. strain EN2, Streptomyces sp. strain EN27, and Nocardioides albus EN46 or from untreated seeds sown in soil with and without a commercial mixed microbial soil inoculant. The endophytic ac

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7

Hata, Kunihiko, and Kazuyoshi Futai. "Endophytic fungi associated with healthy pine needles and needles infested by the pine needle gall midge, Thecodiplosis japonensis." Canadian Journal of Botany 73, no. 3 (1995): 384–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b95-040.

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The endophytic mycobiota of the galls of pine needle gall midge, Thecodiplosis japonensis, and healthy current-year needles of Pinus densiflora and the F2 hybrid pine (Pinus thunbergii × (P. thunbergii × P. densiflora)) was compared. Phialocephala sp. was the dominant endophyte isolated from the galls and from the basal regions of healthy needles. Species richness in endophytes was facilitated in galls compared to the basal region of healthy needles, and the commencement of their colonization was hastened in galls. In the early stages of gall formation, however, no endophyte was isolated, sugg

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8

Caruso, Gianluca, Magdi T. Abdelhamid, Andrzej Kalisz, and Agnieszka Sekara. "Linking Endophytic Fungi to Medicinal Plants Therapeutic Activity. A Case Study on Asteraceae." Agriculture 10, no. 7 (2020): 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10070286.

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Endophytes are isolated from every plant species investigated to date, so the metabolome coevolution has been affecting the plants’ (microbiota) ethnobotanic, especially therapeutic, usage. Asteraceae fulfill the rationale for plant selection to isolate endophytes since most of the species of this family have a long tradition of healing usage, confirmed by modern pharmacognosy. The present review compiles recent references on the endophyte−Asteraceae spp. interactions, targeting the secondary metabolites profile as created by both members of this biological system. Endophyte fungi associated w

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9

Hettiarachchige, Inoka K., Christy J. Vander Jagt, Ross C. Mann, Timothy I. Sawbridge, German C. Spangenberg, and Kathryn M. Guthridge. "Global Changes in Asexual Epichloë Transcriptomes during the Early Stages, from Seed to Seedling, of Symbiotum Establishment." Microorganisms 9, no. 5 (2021): 991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9050991.

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Asexual Epichloë fungi are strictly seed-transmitted endophytic symbionts of cool-season grasses and spend their entire life cycle within the host plant. Endophyte infection can confer protective benefits to its host through the production of bioprotective compounds. Inversely, plants provide nourishment and shelter to the resident endophyte in return. Current understanding of the changes in global gene expression of asexual Epichloë endophytes during the early stages of host-endophyte symbiotum is limited. A time-course study using a deep RNA-sequencing approach was performed at six stages of

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10

Oliveira, João Arthur dos Santos, Andressa Domingos Polli, Julio Cesar Polonio, et al. "Bioprospection and molecular phylogeny of culturable endophytic fungi associated with yellow passion fruit." Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences 42 (July 1, 2020): e48321. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v42i1.48321.

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Endophytic microorganisms live inside the plants without causing any damage to their hosts. In the agricultural field, these endophytes might be a strategy of biological control for phytopathogens. We aimed to isolate endophytic fungi from yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) leaves, evaluating its biocontrol capacity by in vitro antagonism against phytopathogen Colletotrichum sp. CNPU378. We also carried out greenhouse experiments in bean seedlings. A high colonization frequency was obtained (89%), and the molecular identification based on DNA sequencing attested Colletotrichum as the mos

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11

Pitakbut, Thanet, Michael Spiteller, and Oliver Kayser. "Genome Mining and Gene Expression Reveal Maytansine Biosynthetic Genes from Endophytic Communities Living inside Gymnosporia heterophylla (Eckl. and Zeyh.) Loes. and the Relationship with the Plant Biosynthetic Gene, Friedelin Synthase." Plants 11, no. 3 (2022): 321. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11030321.

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Even though maytansine was first discovered from Celastraceae plants, it was later proven to be an endophytic bacterial metabolite. However, a pure bacterial culture cannot synthesize maytansine. Therefore, an exclusive interaction between plant and endophytes is required for maytansine production. Unfortunately, our understanding of plant–endophyte interaction is minimal, and critical questions remain. For example: how do endophytes synthesize maytansine inside their plant host, and what is the impact of maytansine production in plant secondary metabolites? Our study aimed to address these qu

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12

Suresh Govindarao Borkar, A. N. Bhosale, and Ajayasree T. S. "Variability in bacterial endophytes in leaves of transgenic Bt and non-Bt cotton crop varieties and their role in suppression of bacterial leaf blight pathogen X. a. pv. malvacearum and the incited disease reaction." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 20, no. 2 (2023): 626–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2023.20.2.2216.

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Microbial epiphytes and endophytes are an integral part of the plant system and are known to play various roles in crop growth and crop health management. The transgenic crop plays an important role in crop pest management, however, environmentalists and ecologists have reservations about the cultivation of these crops. Whether the transgenic Bt cotton and non-Bt cotton vary in their microbial habitat ecology is not yet studied. In the present investigations, the leaf endophytic bacteria were detected in the leaves of both transgenic Bt and non-Bt cotton hybrids. However, there were difference

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13

MURPHY, B. R., F. M. DOOHAN, and T. R. HODKINSON. "Fungal endophytes of barley roots." Journal of Agricultural Science 152, no. 4 (2013): 602–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859613000348.

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SUMMARYFungal infections of barley have tremendous agricultural significance, and can be detrimental or beneficial. Beneficial root infections often involve endophytic fungi, but endophytic associations do not always confer benefits on their hosts. Endophyte infection can be negative, positive or neutral for the host. Benefits to barley and other plants infected with endophytic root fungi include an increase in seed yield, enhanced resistance to pathogens and improved stress tolerance. Even if an endophyte is never pathogenic, it is not always beneficial. The most important factors that determ

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14

Chen, Yaqi, Kaiqi Su, Chunjie Li, and James F. White. "Interactive Effects of Epichloë Endophyte, Dormancy-Breaking Treatments and Geographic Origin on Seed Germination of Achnatherum inebrians." Microorganisms 9, no. 11 (2021): 2183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9112183.

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Background: the cool-season grass Achnatherum inebrians (drunken horse grass) is an important species in the northwest grasslands of China. This grass engages in a symbiotic relationship with Epichloë endophytes, which affect host plants by increasing growth, repelling herbivores, and increasing tolerance to stressful environments. Methods: in this work, we evaluated the interaction effects of the endophyte on various dormancy-breaking treatments on A. inebrians seeds from six different locations. We used both endophyte-infected plants and noninfected plants and applied four dormancy-breaking

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15

Hata, Kunihiko, Kazuyoshi Futai, and Mitsuya Tsuda. "Seasonal and needle age-dependent changes of the endophytic mycobiota in Pinus thunbergii and Pinus densiflora needles." Canadian Journal of Botany 76, no. 2 (1998): 245–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b97-177.

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Monthly changes in the endophytic mycobiota in Pinus thunbergii Parl. and Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. needles were detected by tissue culture. Endophytic mycobiota of these pine needles were dominated by four taxa: the Leptostroma anamorph of the Lophodermium pinastri (Schrad. ex Hook.) Chev. complex, Phialocephala sp., Cenangium ferruginosum Fr.:Fr., and an unidentified hyphomycete species (BrS). The mycobiota differed with host pine species, position on the needle, and needle age. Virtually no endophytes were detected in needles just after emergence, but most segments of the older needle

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Bittleston, L. S., F. Brockmann, W. Wcislo, and S. A. Van Bael. "Endophytic fungi reduce leaf-cutting ant damage to seedlings." Biology Letters 7, no. 1 (2010): 30–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2010.0456.

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Our study examines how the mutualism between Atta colombica leaf-cutting ants and their cultivated fungus is influenced by the presence of diverse foliar endophytic fungi (endophytes) at high densities in tropical leaf tissues. We conducted laboratory choice trials in which ant colonies chose between Cordia alliodora seedlings with high ( E high ) or low ( E low ) densities of endophytes. The E high seedlings contained 5.5 times higher endophyte content and a greater diversity of fungal morphospecies than the E low treatment, and endophyte content was not correlated with leaf toughness or thic

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Suryanarayanan, T. S., T. S. Murali, and G. Venkatesan. "Occurrence and distribution of fungal endophytes in tropical forests across a rainfall gradient." Canadian Journal of Botany 80, no. 8 (2002): 818–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b02-069.

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Fungal endophytes occur in leaves of angiosperm and gymnosperm trees. The occurrence and distribution of fungal endophytes in the leaves of trees growing in four different types of tropical forests in the Western Ghats were studied. One thousand five hundred leaf segments from five different hosts were screened for each forest type. Endophyte communities of trees of the semi-evergreen forest showed the highest species diversity. More endophyte isolates were recovered during the wet season. Although several genera of endophytes were common for different hosts growing in different forests, the d

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18

MOHD ROSLI, NORSALSABILA, MD HOIRUL AZRI PONARI, TAMIL CHELVAN MEENAKSHI SUNDRAM, ZARINA ZAINUDDIN, and MUHAMAD FAHMI YUNUS. "POTENTIAL ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA FROM E. elatior’s ROOTS FOR PLANT GROWTH-PROMOTING ACTIVITIES." JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT 20, no. 4 (2025): 766–86. https://doi.org/10.46754/jssm.2025.04.006.

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Plant Growth-promoting Endophytic (PGPE) bacteria contribute to various developmental processes such as nitrogen fixation, plant disease resistance, nutrient cycling improvement, and the production of plant hormones and enzymes. Etlingera elatior is a plant from the Zingiberaceae family that has been used for medicinal, bioactivities, ornamental, culinary, and floral arrangement purposes. Diverse microorganisms with unknown potential reside in the roots of E. elatior. However, research on the presence of PGPE and its plant growth-promoting activities is still green. Therefore, this study aims

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Asad, Suhail, Pengbo He, Pengfei He, et al. "Interactions between Indigenous Endophyte Bacillus subtilis L1-21 and Nutrients inside Citrus in Reducing Huanglongbing Pathogen Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus." Pathogens 10, no. 10 (2021): 1304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10101304.

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Huanglongbing (HLB) pathogen Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) brings a great concern about the phloem nutrient transport in diseased plants. There is an urgent need to find the best management strategies to reduce the losses in the citrus industry worldwide. Endophytic bacteria are negatively affected by CLas pathogen, and these endophytes are associated with improved availability of nutrients and pathogen resistance. This study underpins the relationship between CLas pathogen, endophyte population and nutrients availability in citrus plants. The citrus plants were treated with Bacillu

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Nwankwo, Ogechukwu L., Onwuzuluigbo C. Chukwuebuka, Okeke O. Collins, et al. "Quantitative phytochemical analysis of the fungus endophytic extracts isolated from Azadirachta indica using gas chromatography- flame ionization detector." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 11, no. 5 (2021): 80–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v11i5.4999.

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Background information: The phytochemicals of endophytes have generated substantial interest in drug discovery programs because they offer the possibility of discovering new biologically active molecules. Objective: The objective of this study was to quantify and analyze the phytochemical profile of the fungus endophytic extracts isolated from Azadirachta indica leaves, which have been used ethnobotanically for treating malaria and bacterial infections. Methods: Endophytic fungi were isolated, solid-state fermentation of rice medium was performed, and secondary metabolites were extracted accor

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Jing, Minyu, Xihui Xu, Jing Peng, et al. "Comparative Genomics of Three Aspergillus Strains Reveals Insights into Endophytic Lifestyle and Endophyte-Induced Plant Growth Promotion." Journal of Fungi 8, no. 7 (2022): 690. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8070690.

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Aspergillus includes both plant pathogenic and beneficial fungi. Although endophytes beneficial to plants have high potential for plant growth promotion and improving stress tolerance, studies on endophytic lifestyles and endophyte-plant interactions are still limited. Here, three endophytes belonging to Aspergillus, AS31, AS33, and AS42, were isolated. They could successfully colonize rice roots and significantly improved rice growth. The genomes of strains AS31, AS33, and AS42 were sequenced and compared with other Aspergillus species covering both pathogens and endophytes. The genomes of AS

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Syahri, Giyanto, and K. H. Mutaqin. "Study of maize endophytes worldwide-analyzing and mapping by bibliometric approach." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1359, no. 1 (2024): 012113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1359/1/012113.

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Abstract No global summary of maize endophyte publication exists. It’s hard to elaborate on global data because the provided information is localized. This study examined maize endophyte research and its future insight. Six hundred-three papers related to the topic were downloaded from Scopus. Parameters were computed using Excel 2016, whereas bibliometric analysis used VOSviewer. Co-occurrence, co-authorship, and citation were the three primary types of analysis. Kolmogorov-Smirnov determined the author’s Lotka’s Law productivity. This study found that the cumulative number of publications fo

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Ashraf, Sobia, Muhammad Afzal, Khadeeja Rehman, Muhammad Naveed, and Zahir Ahmad Zahir. "Plant-endophyte synergism in constructed wetlands enhances the remediation of tannery effluent." Water Science and Technology 77, no. 5 (2018): 1262–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2018.004.

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Abstract Liquid effluent produced from tanning industries is loaded with organic and inorganic contaminants, particularly heavy metals, which may cause severe damage to the ecosystem. Constructed wetland (CW) is a promising product of the research in the field of ecological engineering which helps to overcome aquatic pollution. This investigation aims to develop a plant–endophyte synergism in CW for the efficient remediation of tannery effluent. In a vertical flow CW, Brachiaria mutica was vegetated and augmented with three endophytic bacterial strains. Results showed a reduction of 82% in COD

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Durham, William F., and Michael G. Tannenbaum. "Effects of endophyte consumption on food intake, growth, and reproduction in prairie voles." Canadian Journal of Zoology 76, no. 5 (1998): 960–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z98-021.

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Grasses infected with fungal endophytes are known to deter herbivores. Athough ingestion of infected plant tissues has detrimental effects on insects, birds, domestic livestock, and laboratory rodents, little is known about the consequences of endophyte consumption for wild rodent consumers. This multigenerational study investigated how consumption of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) seeds infected with the endophytic fungus Acremonium coenophialum affects prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster). Breeding pairs were fed one of three base diets: laboratory rodent chow (C; control diet), 50% uninf

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Nurhasnah, Nurhasnah, Media Roza, Milya Sari, and Kencanawati Kencanawati. "Antimicrobial Potential Of Endophyte Bacteria In Angsana Plants (Pterocarpus indicus Willd)." Bioscience 7, no. 1 (2023): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/0202371121349-0-00.

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The discovery of antimicrobial active compounds is one of the pressing things in the world of medicine and the pharmaceutical industry, due to the increasing and widespread resistance of pathogenic bacteria to existing antimicrobials. Angsana plant (Pterocarpus Indicus Willd) has been shown to have efficacy as a drug, so it has the potential to be used as a source of natural antibiotics. This study aims to find out the types of endophytes in various parts of the Angsana plant (Pterocarpus indicus Willd) through macroscopic and microscopic identification and find out the activity of antimicrobi

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Milne, G. D. "Technology transfer of novel ryegrass endophytes in New Zealand." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 13 (January 1, 2007): 237–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.13.2006.3067.

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The adoption of novel endophyte ryegrass in New Zealand has been successful and rapid, with AR1 novel endophyte seed representing 80% of the total ryegrass seed infected with endophyte within 3 years of release. Success was underpinned by a large amount of research into endophytes and the animal production benefits of novel endophytes. Awareness amongst farmers and seed retailers was created by scientists and seed company staff, often with an organised and collaborative campaign. The domination of the market with novel endophytes is likely to increase further with the on-farm success of AR1, a

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OKUNGBOWA, Francisca I., Hakeem O. SHITTU, and Henry O. OBIAZIKWOR. "Endophytic Bacteria: Hidden Protective Associates of Plants against Biotic and Abiotic Stresses." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 11, no. 2 (2019): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb11210423.

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An endophyte is a microorganism, usually bacterium or fungus, which lives within the internal tissue of a host plant, causing no apparent harm. Some characteristics of an endophyte include ability to promote plant growth and to confer plant tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Endophytic bacteria spread across many phyla including the Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. Endophytic bacteria are recruited by hosts and they get attached to the surface and eventually find their way into the internal tissues where they spread to the intercellular spaces of host plants

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Sessitsch, A., P. Hardoim, J. Döring, et al. "Functional Characteristics of an Endophyte Community Colonizing Rice Roots as Revealed by Metagenomic Analysis." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 25, no. 1 (2012): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-08-11-0204.

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Roots are the primary site of interaction between plants and microorganisms. To meet food demands in changing climates, improved yields and stress resistance are increasingly important, stimulating efforts to identify factors that affect plant productivity. The role of bacterial endophytes that reside inside plants remains largely unexplored, because analysis of their specific functions is impeded by difficulties in cultivating most prokaryotes. Here, we present the first metagenomic approach to analyze an endophytic bacterial community resident inside roots of rice, one of the most important

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Popay, A. J., and B. A. Tapper. "Endophyte effects on consumption of seed and germinated seedlings of ryegrass and fescue by grass grub (Costelytra zealandica) larvae." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 13 (January 1, 2007): 353–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.13.2006.3168.

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Tall fescue, meadow fescue and ryegrass seeds with and without endophyte infection were fed to third-instar grass grub to determine the relative effects of different endophytes on consumption. Treatments were: tall fescue without endophyte or infected with four novel endophytes (AR514, AR542, AR584, ES), meadow fescue without endophyte or infected with Neotyphodium uncinatum and perennial ryegrass infected with a novel endophyte AR37. Grass grub larvae were initially given hard seed but when they failed to eat this, moist soil was added to allow seed to soften and germinate. After 7 days, all

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Rindiyani, Rindiyani, Ratu Intan Anugrah, Bella Nabila, et al. "Isolation and Identification of Endophytic Bacteria from Euphorbia hirta L. (Patikan Kebo)." JURNAL PEMBELAJARAN DAN BIOLOGI NUKLEUS 11, no. 1 (2025): 40–54. https://doi.org/10.36987/jpbn.v11i1.6688.

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Patikan Kebo (Euphorbia hirta L.) is a plant that lives scattered in the yard, has potential as an antibacterial, one way to extract plants is by isolating endophytic bacteria. Endophytes are bacteria found in plant tissue. The purpose of this study was to isolate and identify the morphology of endophytic bacteria from plant Patikan Kebo (Euphorbia hirta L.). The method used is the Total Plate Count (TPC) method by taking samples, isolating bacteria, pure culture, morphological identification, and Gram staining. Endophytic bacteria were obtained by isolating parts of the plant Patikan Kebo (E.

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Srivastava, Ankita, Timothy Sharbel, and Vladimir Vujanovic. "Exploring the Role of Endophytes in Cannabis sativa L. Polyploidy and Agricultural Trait Improvement." International Journal of Plant Biology 15, no. 4 (2024): 1118–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijpb15040078.

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Here, we examine the effects of ploidy variation in Cannabis sativa L. cell lines on the plant host genotype-associated microbiome. The endophytic microbiome has a protocooperative role in improving plant health and productivity and represents an alternative to synthetic chemical fertilizers and pesticides in sustainable agriculture. This study assessed the effects of seed endophytes on diploid and triploid Haze hemp cultivars. Key phenotypic characteristics were evaluated, revealing significant differences in seed germination in vitro as well as vegetative growth and flowering in phytotron co

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C.S., SHANTHARAJA. "Assessment of Endophyte Biopriming on plant growth and seed yield under field condition in rice (Oryza sativa L.)." Annals of Plant and Soil Research 26, no. 1 (2024): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2024.10329.

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Abstract (sommario):

Producing quality seeds is hampered by environmental stresses. It is well known that plant endophytes can influence plant growth and development. A field experiment was carried out in three different environments: normal, drought (controlled irrigation), and a saline soil patch to know the impact of endophyte bio-priming on rice crop performance using five fungal endophytes, Viz, LAS6 (Chaetomium sp.), PJ9 (Fusarium sp.), SF5 (Fusarium sp.), V4J (Botryospharia dothedia), V6 E (Fusarium sp.), and one bacterial endophyte, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (BA). Most of the growth traits investigated ex

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33

Barra-Bucarei, Lorena, Andrés France Iglesias, Macarena Gerding González, et al. "Antifungal Activity of Beauveria bassiana Endophyte against Botrytis cinerea in Two Solanaceae Crops." Microorganisms 8, no. 1 (2019): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8010065.

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Botrytis cinerea causes substantial losses in tomato and chili pepper crops worldwide. Endophytes have shown the potential for the biological control of diseases. The colonization ability of native endophyte strains of Beauveria bassiana and their antifungal effect against B. cinerea were evaluated in Solanaceae crops. Root drenching with B. bassiana was applied, and endophytic colonization capacity in roots, stems, and leaves was determined. The antagonistic activity was evaluated using in vitro dual culture and also plants by drenching the endophyte on the root and by pathogen inoculation in

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34

Hume, D. E., and J. C. Sewell. "Agronomic advantages conferred by endophyte infection of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) in Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 65, no. 8 (2014): 747. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13383.

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Perennial ryegrass and tall fescue are key grasses of sown pastures in the high-rainfall zone of south-eastern Australia. Ryegrass in naturalised pastures, and in sown seed, is widely infected with Neotyphodium fungal endophytes, with toxic endophyte strains occasionally causing toxicosis in livestock. Endophyte infection is also beneficial in sown grasslands, assisting ryegrass hosts to overcome biotic stresses, and tall fescue hosts to overcome biotic and abiotic stresses. We review the literature for Australia and present new data, to examine the agronomic effects of endophyte. Frequency of

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35

Kelemu, Segenet, James F. White Jr, Fernando Muñoz, and Yuka Takayama. "An endophyte of the tropical forage grass Brachiaria brizantha: Isolating, identifying, and characterizing the fungus, and determining its antimycotic properties." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 47, no. 1 (2001): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w00-127.

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Abstract (sommario):

Brachiaria, predominantly an African genus, contains species, such as B. brizantha, an apomictic C4 grass, that are commercially important forage grasses in tropical America, where they now cover about 55 million hectares. From B. brizantha accession CIAT 6780, we isolated an endophytic fungus that may be economically significant. The fungus was identified as Acremonium implicatum (J. Gilman & E.V. Abott). 18S rDNA and ITS rDNA sequences were used to characterize isolates of the endophyte, and showed that they belonged to the Acremonium genus, being close to A. strictum and A. kiliense. Us

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36

Young, Carolyn A., Brian A. Tapper, Kimberley May, Christina D. Moon, Christopher L. Schardl, and Barry Scott. "Indole-Diterpene Biosynthetic Capability of Epichloë Endophytes as Predicted by ltm Gene Analysis." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, no. 7 (2009): 2200–2211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00953-08.

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Abstract (sommario):

ABSTRACT Bioprotective alkaloids produced by Epichloë and closely related asexual Neotyphodium fungal endophytes protect their grass hosts from insect and mammalian herbivory. One class of these compounds, known for antimammalian toxicity, is the indole-diterpenes. The LTM locus of Neotyphodium lolii (Lp19) and Epichloë festuce (Fl1), required for the biosynthesis of the indole-diterpene lolitrem, consists of 10 ltm genes. We have used PCR and Southern analysis to screen a broad taxonomic range of 44 endophyte isolates to determine why indole-diterpenes are present in so few endophyte-grass

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37

Del Olmo-Ruiz, Mariana, and A. Elizabeth Arnold. "Community structure of fern-affiliated endophytes in three neotropical forests." Journal of Tropical Ecology 33, no. 1 (2016): 60–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467416000535.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract:From the saprotrophs that decay plant material to the pathogens and mutualists that shape plant demography at local and regional scales, fungi are major drivers of tropical forest dynamics. Although endophytic fungi are abundant and diverse in many biomes, they reach their greatest diversity in tropical forests, where they can influence plant physiology, performance and survival. The number of quantitative studies regarding endophytes has increased dramatically in the past two decades, but general rules have not yet emerged regarding the biogeography, host affiliations, local or regio

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38

Moler, Ehren R. V., Keith Reinhardt, Richard A. Sniezko, and Ken Aho. "First Report of Fungal Endophyte Communities and Non-Defensive Phytochemistry of Biocontrol-Inoculated Whitebark Pine Seedlings in a Restoration Planting." Forests 13, no. 6 (2022): 824. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13060824.

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Abstract (sommario):

Plant endosymbionts (endophytes) influence host plant health and express genotype-dependent ecological relationships with plant hosts. A fungal species intended to confer host plant resistance to a forest pathogen was used as inoculum to test for effects of inoculation on disease resistance, microbiomes, and phytochemistry of a threatened pine species planted in a restoration setting. Correlations of inoculation presence/absence, phytochemistry, spatial location of seedlings, maternal seed sources, and fungal endophytic communities in the foliage of six-year-old whitebark pine (Pinus albicauli

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39

Casler, Michael D., and Blair L. Waldron. "Endophytic Fungal Infection of Meadow Fescue in the Driftless Area of the Upper Mississippi River Valley: Impacts on Agronomic Fitness." Grasses 2, no. 4 (2023): 263–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/grasses2040019.

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Abstract (sommario):

Meadow fescue, Schedonorus pratensis (Huds.) P. Beauv., has recently been discovered as a common but previously unknown pasture grass in the Driftless Area of the upper Mississippi River Valley, USA. Preliminary data also indicated that many meadow fescue pastures were infected with an endophytic fungus, Epichloë uncinata (W. Gams, Petrini & D. Schmidt) Leuchtm. & Schardl. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine if the endophyte impacts agronomic fitness of the host meadow fescue. Meadow fescue plants from eight farm sites were intensively sampled, and endophyte infecti

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40

Tellez, Peter H., Carrie L. Woods, Stephen Formel, and Sunshine A. Van Bael. "Relationships between Foliar Fungal Endophyte Communities and Ecophysiological Traits of CAM and C3 Epiphytic Bromeliads in a Neotropical Rainforest." Diversity 12, no. 10 (2020): 378. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12100378.

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Abstract (sommario):

Vascular epiphytes contribute up to 35% of the plant diversity and foliar biomass of flowering plants. The family Bromeliaceae is a monophyletic group of plants native to the Neotropics. Epiphytic bromeliads form associations with distinct groups of organisms but their relationship with foliar fungal endophytes remain underexplored. In this study we examined the relationship of foliar fungal endophytes to host photosynthetic pathways and associated ecophysiological traits. We sampled the fungal endophyte communities of 67 host individuals in six epiphytic bromeliad species differing in C3 and

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41

Panaccione, Daniel, James Kotcon, Christopher Schardl, Richard Johnson, and Joseph Morton. "Ergot alkaloids are not essential for endophytic fungus-associated population suppression of the lesion nematode, Pratylenchus scribneri, on perennial ryegrass." Nematology 8, no. 4 (2006): 583–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854106778614074.

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Abstract (sommario):

AbstractSeveral endophytic fungi of the genus Neotyphodium form symbiotic associations with Lolium spp. grasses and are renowned for production of bioactive alkaloids such as ergot alkaloids. Some of these endophytes make their grass partners less suitable as hosts for endoparasitic nematodes, including Pratylenchus spp. The potential for ergot alkaloids to affect nematode motility was investigated in vitro. Ergovaline, the ergot alkaloid pathway end product of several Neotyphodium spp., was the only ergot alkaloid tested that inhibited motility of Pratylenchus scribneri. The association of er

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42

Pecetti, L., M. Romani, A. M. Carroni, P. Annicchiarico, and E. Piano. "The effect of endophyte infection on persistence of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) populations in two climatically contrasting Italian locations." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 58, no. 9 (2007): 893. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar06423.

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Abstract (sommario):

Endophytic fungi may reportedly improve summer persistence in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.). The objective of this study was assessing whether endophytes contributed to better persistence in 2 climatically contrasting Italian locations (Sanluri, Mediterranean climate, 382 mm average rainfall; Lodi, subcontinental climate, 802 mm average rainfall). Twelve populations from Sardinia were evaluated for 4 years in each site with or without nitrogen application. The populations hosted either of 2 endophyte forms (long-conidia, Neotyphodium coenophialum; short-conidia, FaTG-2 group) and b

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43

Tian, P., T. N. Le, K. F. Smith, J. W. Forster, K. M. Guthridge, and G. C. Spangenberg. "Stability and viability of novel perennial ryegrass host–Neotyphodium endophyte associations." Crop and Pasture Science 64, no. 1 (2013): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp12419.

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Abstract (sommario):

The temperate pasture grass Lolium perenne L. is commonly found in association with the fungal endophyte Neotyphodium lolii. Viability of both seed and endophyte was evaluated by inoculation of individual genotypes from the host cultivar Bronsyn with six distinct endophyte strains. The resulting populations were subjected to either long-term storage under various temperature conditions, or accelerated ageing (AA) treatments. High temperature storage was detrimental to endophyte viability. The AA variables (relative humidity [RH] and time) and subsequent temperature and duration of storage sign

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44

Ball, O. J. P., and B. A. Tapper. "The production of loline alkaloids in artificial and natural grass/endophyte associations." Proceedings of the New Zealand Plant Protection Conference 52 (August 1, 1999): 264–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.1999.52.11583.

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Abstract (sommario):

Infection of grasses by Neotyphodium spp. endophytes is associated with the presence of alkaloids. This study investigated the production of loline alkaloids in endophyte-infected tall fescue, meadow fescue and perennial ryegrass. Most of the grass/endophyte associations were artificially created by inoculating parent plants with different Neotyphodium endophytes. The presence of lolines was dependent upon endophyte species and strain, but host species also influenced which lolines were produced. Concentrations of the different lolines, and the ratio at which they occurred, were also dependent

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45

Voisey, C. R., A. K. Khan, Z. A. Park, et al. "Development of an Affymetrux dual species ( Neotyphodium lolii/Lolium perenne) Symbiosis GeneChip." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 13 (January 1, 2007): 505–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.13.2006.3136.

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Abstract (sommario):

The aim of this project was to undertake large scale transcript profiling of endophyte and plant genes during symbiosis, and to determine the impact of targeted endophyte gene deletions on expression of plant and endophyte genes. We have designed and developed an Affymetrix NimbleExpressâ„¢ GeneChipÂ® representing expressed sequence tags (ESTs) of the fungal endophyte Neotyphodium lolii Lp19 and its ryegrass host, Lolium perenne. In total, 8511 genes were represented on the microarrays with approximately eleven 25 base pair oligonucleotides per gene. Experiments were conducted to analyse diffe

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46

Huang, Yu-Ling. "Effect of Host, Environment and Fungal Growth on Fungal Leaf Endophyte Communities in Taiwan." Journal of Fungi 6, no. 4 (2020): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof6040244.

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Abstract (sommario):

Fungal endophytes inhabit plant tissues without causing disease symptoms. They are highly diverse and distributed globally in all plants that have been investigated. Host, geographic, and environmental effects on endophyte communities have been reported in several studies, but the direct effect of fungal growth rate on endophyte composition has not been tested. To understand the relationship between foliar endophyte composition and fungal growth and to examine the effect of host, elevation, and climatic factors on the foliar endophyte communities, this study examined the foliar endophyte commu

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47

Wäli, Piippa R., Marjo Helander, Oiva Nissinen, and Kari Saikkonen. "Susceptibility of endophyte-infected grasses to winter pathogens (snow molds)." Canadian Journal of Botany 84, no. 7 (2006): 1043–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b06-075.

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Abstract (sommario):

Neotyphodium endophytes are suggested to be mutualistic symbionts of grasses and regarded as potential biological plant protection agents. We examined the effects of the Neotyphodium endophyte of meadow ryegrass on snow molds in vitro with dual cultures of endophyte and Typhula ishikariensis , and on grass–snow mold interactions in vivo in a greenhouse and in a field experiment. In dual cultures, the endophytes formed an inhibition zone and retarded the growth of T. ishikariensis. In the field experiment, however, the endophyte-infected (E+) meadow ryegrasses were more susceptible to T. ishika

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48

Stefani, F. O. P., and J. A. Bérubé. "Evaluation of foliar fungal endophyte incidence in field-grown transgenic Bt white spruce trees." Canadian Journal of Botany 84, no. 10 (2006): 1573–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b06-110.

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Abstract (sommario):

A total of 770 transgenic Bt white spruce needles were collected and plated on potato dextrose agar to determine their foliar endophyte diversity. The ribosomal internal transcribed spacer regions for 310 foliar endophytes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and digested using CfoI and MspI, which created 21 restriction groups. Isolates from each restriction group were sequenced and compared with reference sequences in GenBank. Eighteen sequence groups were obtained, of which five were identified at the species level. The most common endophytic fungi identified by PCR-RFLP was Lo

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49

Liu, Hui, Jing Chen, Tianzi Qin, Xinjian Shi, Yubao Gao, and Anzhi Ren. "Removal of Soil Microbes Alters Interspecific Competitiveness of Epichloë Endophyte-Infected over Endophyte-Free Leymus chinensis." Microorganisms 8, no. 2 (2020): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8020219.

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Abstract (sommario):

Epichloë endophytes may not only affect the growth and resistances of host grasses, but may also affect soil environment including soil microbes. Can Epichloë endophyte-mediated modification of soil microbes affect the competitive ability of host grasses? In this study, we tested whether Epichloë endophytes and soil microbes alter intraspecific competition between Epichloë endophyte-colonized (EI) and endophyte-free (EF) Leymus chinensis and interspecific competition between L. chinensis and Stipa krylovii. The results demonstrated that Epichloë endophyte colonization significantly enhanced th

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50

Rasmussen, S., A. J. Parsons, Q. Liu, H. Xue, and J. A. Newman. "High nutrient supply and carbohydrate content reduce endophyte and alkaloid concentration." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 13 (January 1, 2007): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.13.2006.3103.

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Abstract (sommario):

Two controlled environment experiments were performed to test the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and carbohydrates on endophyte (Neotyphodium lolii) and alkaloid concentrations in ryegrass (Lolium perenne). Three perennial ryegrass cultivars ('high sugar grasses' AberDove and AberDart; control Fennema) that differ in carbohydrate content were infected with three strains of N. lolii (common strain, CS; AR1; AR37). Infected and uninfected plants were grown under high (9 mM) and low (2.25 mM) nitrogen (AberDove, Fennema; CS, AR1, AR37) or under high (2 mM KH2PO4) and low (0.05 mM KH2PO4) phospho

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