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1
Dodwell, David. "Comparison of self-ratings with informant-ratings of pre-morbid personality on two personality rating scales". Psychological Medicine 18, n. 2 (maggio 1988): 495–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700008035.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
SynopsisIn a study of pre-morbid personality in 56 head-injured subjects, subjects' self-ratings of pre-morbid personality were compared with informants' ratings of the subjects' pre-morbid personality on two personality questionnaires (the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) and the Marke-Nyman Temperament Scale (MNTS)). Correlations between self-ratings and informantratings were positive and significant for all three MNTS and for EPI Extraversion and Lie scales, but not for EPI Neuroticism, where the lack of subject-informant correlation was attributed to contamination of the self-rating of the trait measure by current abnormalities of mental state. Further analyses supported previous evidence that the MNTS ‘Validity’ scale may predict the development of psychiatric symptoms.
2
De Carolis, Antonella, e Stefano Ferracuti. "Correlation Between the Rorschach Test Coded and Interpreted According to the Comprehensive Exner System and the Eysenck Personality Inventory". Rorschachiana 27, n. 1 (gennaio 2005): 63–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1192-5604.27.1.63.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The relationships between the Rorschach test and the self-reported personality questionnaires are an important and unresolved issue in confirming structural and clinical hypotheses. In a sample of healthy volunteers (n = 47) we conducted a study to investigate the correlation between the Italian version of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (Eysenck Personality Inventory, EPI) and some selected Rorschach variables defined according to the Exner Comprehensive System. The results showed that the Extroversion Scale of the EPI corresponds with the calculated difference between the Human Movement responses and the Weighted Sum of the Color response (M-WSumC, r = –.42, p < .01), the Weighted Sum of Color responses (WSumC, r = .40, p < .01) as a single variable, and the Sum of Shading responses (SumShd, r = .29, p < .05), but had no relationship with the Human Movement responses. None of the hypothesized Rorschach variables showed a significant correlation with the Neuroticism scale of the EPI. Furthermore, the Psychoticism scale of the EPI was negatively correlated with the Rorschach index Zsum (r –.33, p < .05). Finally, the comparison between the subgroups defined by the Erlebnistypus categories showed that Rorschach Extratensive subjects scored higher on the Extroversion scale of the EPI than Introversive (Mann-Whitney U = 30.5, p < .01) or Ambitent subjects (Mann-Whitney U = 76, p < .01). These results indicate that Rorschach’s concept of Erlebnistypus as a holistic dimension and Eysenck’s construct of Extroversion-Introversion are sufficiently homogeneous for psychometric assessment, but the single determinants of Rorschach responses have no correspondence with the EPI scores.
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Balkisson, Bernard A. "Reliability of Form A of the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) for Indian South African Subjects". South African Journal of Psychology 18, n. 1 (marzo 1988): 21–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/008124638801800104.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The test—retest method, with an average interval of 72 days, was used to examine the reliability of Form A of the EPI on 72 Indian South African Std 9 high school girls (mean age = 16,928 years) and 70 Std 9 high school boys (mean age = 17,296 years). Reliability coefficients were calculated for the E, N, and L scales for boys, girls, and the sexes combined. The reliabilities were acceptable for all groups, with the lowest coefficient being 0,715, suggesting that Form A of the EPI is reliable for use with Indian South African 15–18-year old subjects.
4
Migone, Paolo. "Problemi di psicoterapia". RUOLO TERAPEUTICO (IL), n. 111 (giugno 2009): 43–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/rt2009-111007.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
- After an introduction on the dimensional approach in personality diagnosis and on its use as an attempt at solving some of the problems of categorical diagnoses (such as those of DSM-III and DSM-IV), the main dimensional models of personality are presented, namely: 16 PF Questionnaire by Cattell, Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI), Five-Factor Model (FFM) by Costa & McCrae (Big Five), Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) by Cloninger, Schedule for Nondaptive and Adaptive Personality (SNAP) by Clark, Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology - Basic Questionnaire (DAPP-BQ) by Livesley, Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB) by Benjamin, the "fundamental polarity (anaclitic and introjective) of personality" by Blatt, Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure (SWAP). Finally, advantages and disadvantages of dimensional models are discussed, with particular emphasis on borderline disorder.key words: personality, dimensional models, categorical model, borderline, diagnosis
5
Ferracuti, Stefano, e Antonella De Carolis. "Relationships among Eysenck's Extraversion, Rorschach's Erlebnistypus, and Tolerance of Experimental Tonic Pain (Cold Water Pressor Test)". Perceptual and Motor Skills 100, n. 1 (febbraio 2005): 237–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.100.1.237-248.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In a group of 42 healthy volunteers the correlations between the concept of Extraversion-Introversion as defined by Eysenck and Erlebnistypus as defined by Rorschach were analysed to relate these with the tolerance of an experimentally induced tonic pain. We conducted an experimental procedure comprising a test and retest. At test the subjects were administered the Rorschach, the Eysenck Personality Inventory, the Cold Water Pressor Test, a nongraduated Visual Analogue Scale, and the Italian version of the McGill Pain Questionnaire. At retest the experimental induction of pain was measured again. At test subjects who scored higher on the EPI Extraversion scale tolerated pain longer and did not modify their performance at retest. Also, the concepts of Extroversion defined by the Rorschach test and by the Extraversion scale of the Eysenck Personality Inventory shared some psychophysiological features of higher tolerance to pain. These personality features did not influence how subjects qualitatively describe the immediate painful experience.
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Braithwaite, V. A. "The Scale of Emotional Arousability: bridging the gap between the neuroticism construct and its measurement". Psychological Medicine 17, n. 1 (febbraio 1987): 217–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700013106.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
SynopsisThis paper outlines and evaluates a newly developed measure of neuroticism, the Scale of Emotional Arousability (SEA). The 15-item scale is economical to use, avoids the consistent pattern of negatively worded items that plagues the neuroticism (N) Scale of the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) and comprises of items that focus specifically on emotional arousability, thereby bringing the measurement of neuroticism in line with Eysenck&s (1967) original conceptualization. The SEA shows every indication of being psychometrically sound and correlates with related constructs in much the same way as the N Scale of the EPI. The SEA is recommended as an alternative to the EPI for research purposes, particularly where there is a need to measure independently such related constructs as neurosis, self-esteem and private self-consciousness.
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Wilson, Janet A., I. J. Deary e A. G. D. Maran. "Is Globus Hystericus?" British Journal of Psychiatry 153, n. 3 (settembre 1988): 335–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.153.3.335.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Forty-six patients, 9 male, 37 female, presenting to an ear, nose and throat department with a principal complaint of globus sensation were investigated by radiology, manometry, endoscopy and prolonged ambulatory pH monitoring to exclude a physical basis for their symptoms. Patients also underwent assessment by the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). The only organic abnormalities detected were an abnormal degree of oesophageal acid exposure (seven patients) and oesophageal spasm (one patient). Female patients were neurotic introverts on EPI testing; males were stable ambiverts. High GHQ scores were present in 13 females (35%) and one male and there was a significant correlation between N scores (in the EPI) and GHQ scores. We propose that globus is a useful, single-symptom model for the study of conversion disorders.
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Deinzer, Renate, Rolf Steyer, Michael Eid, Peter Notz, Peter Schwenkmezger, Fritz Ostendorf e Aljoscha Neubauer. "Situational effects in trait assessment: The FPI, NEOFFI, and EPI questionnaires". European Journal of Personality 9, n. 1 (marzo 1995): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.2410090102.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
While most researchers do agree now that situations may have an effect in the assessment of traits, the consequences have been neglected, so far: if situations affect the assessment of traits we have to take this fact into account in studies on reliability and validity of measurement instruments and their application. In the theoretical part of this article we provide a more formal exposition of this point, introducing the basic concepts of latent state–trait (LST) theory. LST theory and the associated models allow for the estimation of the situational impact on trait measures in non‐experimental, correlational studies. In the empirical part, LST theory is applied to three well known trait questionnaires: the Freiburg Personality Inventory, the NEO Five‐Factor Inventory and the Eysenck Personality Inventory. It is shown that significant proportions of the variances of the scales of these questionnaires are due to situational effects. The following consequences of this finding are discussed, (i) Instead of the reliability coefficient, the proportion of variance due to the latent trait, the consistency coefficient, should be used for the estimation of confidence intervals for trait scores, (ii) To reduce the situational effects on trait estimates it may be useful to base such an estimate on several occasions, i.e., to aggregate data across occasions. (iii) Reliability and validity studies should not only be based on a sample of persons representative of those to whom the test will be applied; they should also be conducted in situational contexts representative of the intended applications.
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Dorn, Lisa, e Gerald Matthews. "Prediction of mood and risk appraisals from trait measures: Two studies of simulated driving". European Journal of Personality 9, n. 1 (marzo 1995): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.2410090103.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Two contrasting hypotheses concerning the relationship between personality and mood are distinguished. First, broad traits may relate to emotional temperament, and so predict mood across situations. Second, the interactionist approach to personality implies that narrow, context specific traits may sometimes be the most powerful predictors of mood within situations. This article reports correlations between mood and broad and narrow trait measures, the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI; Eysenck and Eysenck, 1964) and the Driving Behaviour Inventory (DBI; Gulian, Matthews, Glendon, Davies and Debney, 1989), within the context of vehicle driving. Mood was measured with the UWIST Mood Adjective Checklist (UMACL; Matthews, Jones and Chamberlain, 1990), in two samples before and after a simulated drive. One sample (N = 73) performed a ‘passive’ drive, in which little interaction with other traffic was required. The second sample (N = 93) performed an ‘active’ driving task, in which subjects had to decide when to overtake other vehicles. Results showed that the DBI traits were more strongly related to mood than EPI traits, particularly following the active drive. The DBI Dislike of Driving scale was the strongest single predictor of post‐drive mood. Prior to the drive, subjects also rated accident risk, driving skill, and judgement, for themselves and for a ‘peer’ driver of similar age and sex. Analysis of these data in the combined sample (N = 166) showed that the DBI was the more consistent predictor of self‐ratings of risk and driving competence, although some relationships between ratings and the EPI were found. Again, the DBI Dislike of Driving scale was the strongest single predictor of self‐ratings. Drivers scoring high on this scale seem immune to drivers' general bias towards rating themselves as safer and more competent than their peers. It is concluded that narrow traits are more predictive than broad traits within the driving context. Data are consistent with the transactional model of driver stress, which proposes that dislike of driving is derived from negative secondary appraisals.
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Vo, Phu Toan. "THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TEMPERAMENTS AND RISK OF DEPRESSION OF STUDENTS AT HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION". UED Journal of Social Sciences, Humanities and Education 11, n. 1 (21 giugno 2021): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.47393/jshe.v11i1.938.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The study aims to determine the relationship between temperaments and risk of depression of students at Ho Chi Minh City University of Education. A cross-sectional survey was implemented with the participation of 404 full-time students. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was used to identify the participants’ risk of depression, and the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) to categorize their temperaments. The findings show that there is a relationship between the students’ temperaments and their risk of being depressed.
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Leung, Yvonne, e Anthony Singhal. "AN EXAMINATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN QIGONG MEDITATION AND PERSONALITY". Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 32, n. 4 (1 gennaio 2004): 313–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2004.32.4.313.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Qigong meditation is an ancient form of meditation that has been linked with various health benefits. We were interested in whether or not this form of meditation has a relationship with personality. To this end, we administered the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) to eighty Qigong meditation practitioners and seventy-four non-practitioners. The results showed that the number of years of Qigong practice was negatively correlated with neuroticism, but there was no relationship with extraversion. Even after controlling for age, gender, and education level, the practitioners were significantly less neurotic than the nonpractitioners. The study of Qigong meditation and personality may lead to a greater understanding of the various disorders characterized by high neuroticism, and may provide a viable treatment option for long-term health.
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Pamungkas, Ari. "STRESS DAN KEPRIBADIAN MAHASISWA PTKIN MENGHADAPI COVID-19". Jurnal Bimbingan Penyuluhan Islam 2, n. 2 (24 gennaio 2021): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.32332/jbpi.v2i2.3013.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract The Covid-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on various dimensions of life including increasing stress among students. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the relationship between stress levels and the personality type of state Islamic religious college students (PTKIN). This research is a type of quantitative research. The sample in this study were 100 students of the Faculty of Ushuluddin Adab and Da'wah at IAIN Palangkaraya using purposive random sampling technique. The data in this study used 2 standardized instruments, namely the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) instrument to measure extrovert-introvert personality and stress levels using the DASS-21 instrument. The conclusion of the research data analysis is that students who have a stress level during the Covid-19 pandemic are dominated by students who have an introverted personality type. This situation shows that introvert personality types are at greater risk of experiencing stress in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic compared to students with extrovert personality types.
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Badura-Brzoza, Karina, Piotr Zajac, Zenon Brzoza, Alicja Kasperska-Zajac, Jerzy Matysiakiewicz, Magdalena Piegza, Robert T. Hese, Barbara Rogala, Jacek Semenowicz e Bogdan Koczy. "Psychological and psychiatric factors related to health-related quality of life after total hip replacement – preliminary report". European Psychiatry 24, n. 2 (marzo 2009): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2008.06.009.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractAbstractTotal hip replacement is one of the most successful orthopaedic interventions in improving considerably the patients' performance, nevertheless some patients demonstrate declined functional ability following an operation. Such condition is not a consequence of medical illness or the surgery itself but might rather be associated with mental status. The authors conduct an investigation concerning the relation between some psychological and psychiatric factors and their influence on health-related quality of life in patients after total hip replacement.MethodsInto the study group we included 102 subjects undergoing total hip replacement (59 female, 43 male). In all subjects we measured depression (Beck Depression Inventory – BDI), anxiety (State and Trait Anxiety Inventory – STAI), sense of coherence (SOC-29), personality traits (Eysenck Personality Inventory – EPI) and health related quality of life (SF-36).ResultsThe postoperative values of the PCS and the MCS for the whole group of patients correlated negatively with the SOC values (p = 0.04 and p = 0.03 respectively). Neuroticism (EPI) and anxiety as a trait (STAI) were also associated with postoperative performance, both in mental (p = 0.03 and p = 0.008 respectively) and physical (p = 0.005 and p = 0.04 respectively terms).ConclusionTotal hip replacement improves significantly the patient’s health-related quality of life at 6 months after surgery, what is influenced by sense of coherence, neuroticism and anxiety as a trait. Above mentioned factors should be taken into account when rehabilitation and social readaptation processes are planned.
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Farmer, Anne, Kate Redman, Tanya Harris, Arshad Mahmood, Stephanie Sadler, Andrea Pickering e Peter McGuffin. "Neuroticism, extraversion, life events and depression". British Journal of Psychiatry 181, n. 2 (agosto 2002): 118–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.181.2.118.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
BackgroundCertain personality traits may mediate the relationship between familiality and adversity in causing depression.AimsTo examine whether the neuroticism and extraversion scales ofthe Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) represent enduring traits underlying the vulnerability to respond to adversity by developing depressive episodes.MethodA total of 108 subjects with depression and their siblings were compared with 105 healthy control subjects and their siblings. All were interviewed using the Schedules for the Clinical Assessment of Neuropsychiatry and the Life Events and Difficulties Schedule. Subjects also completed the EPI.ResultsBoth neuroticism and extraversion were familial and correlated with mood and life event measures. There were no differences on either measure between the never-depressed siblings of probands with depression and controls. Regression analyses showed that the major influence on neuroticism was current mood.ConclusionsNeither extraversion nor neuroticism measures trait vulnerability to depression, and neuroticism scores mainly reflect symptoms of depression.
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Husain, Balqis, Megawati Basri, Jasmal Martora, Amrin Sibua e Irwan Gogasa. "PERSONALITY TYPE TENDENCY TOWARD STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ANXIETY". Jurnal IKA PGSD (Ikatan Alumni PGSD) UNARS 8, n. 1 (29 giugno 2020): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.36841/pgsdunars.v8i1.583.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Pupils at the eleventh grade of SMA N 1 Morotai have different personality types, most of whom often feel anxious when speaking. This research is aimed at finding out whether or not introvert and extrovert personality types have correlation with pupils’ level of anxiety in speaking English. This research is quantitative in nature, using causal- correlative method. The population of the research was all pupils in the seventh grade of SMA N 1 Pulau Morotai. The total number of population was 140 pupils but 105 pupils were selected to participate as the sample of this research. In choosing the sample, the researchers applied Krejchie- Morgan’s table with 5% error rate. In terms of data analysis, the researchers took two instrument tests; namely personality test and level of anxiety during English speaking test. To know the personality types of the pupils, the researchers utilized Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) test. Questionnaire of Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS), on the other hand, was used to know the students’ level of anxiety. Result of hypothesis testing analysis shows that there was no significant difference in the level of speaking anxiety between the pupils who have introvert and extrovert personality types. The value of sig 0.264 was found to be higher than α = 0.05.
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Bahrudin, Eko Rahmad. "PROFIL PEMAHAMAN KONSEP SISWA KELAS VII MATERI BANGUN DATAR DITINJAU DARI TIPE KEPRIBADIAN EKSTROVERT DAN INTROVERT". EDU-MAT: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika 7, n. 2 (23 dicembre 2019): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/edumat.v7i2.6408.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pemahaman siswa SMP memahami konsep bangun datar ditinjau dari tipe kepribadian ekstrovert dan introvert. Konsep yaitu ide abstrak untuk pengklasifikasian objek atau kejadian. Individu yang paham dengan konsep dapat menyatakan apakah objek tersebut termasuk dalam konsep yang dipahaminya atau tidak. Sikap individu dalam mengambil keputusan dipengaruhi oleh kebiasaan yang ada pada diri individu itu sendiri. Oleh karena itu, kepribadian memiliki peran dalam proses belajar siswa. Teori APOS merupakan teori konstruktivis yang mempelajari bagaimana konsep matematika terjadi. Teori APOS merupakan elaborasi dari konstruksi struktur mental yang disebut Action, Process, Object, dan Schema. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian yaitu 2 siswa dengan tipe kepribadian ekstrovert dan introvert. Teknik pemilihan subjek dengan memberikan angket kepribadian dan tes penyelesaian soal. Instrumen utama adalah peneliti, sedangkan instrumen pendukung yaitu angket kepribadian dari Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) dan tes penyelesaian soal. Terdapat perbedaan antara tipe kepribadian ekstrovert dan introvert dalam memahami konsep bangun datar berdasarkan teori APOS, yaitu subjek ekstrovert hanya berhasil pada tahap Aksi. Sedangkan introvert berhasil pada tahap Aksi, Proses, dan Skema. Ekstrovert mudah menyerah dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan dan tidak menuliskan jawaban secara rinci. Introvert terlihat berhati-hati dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan dan mampu menuliskan jawaban secara lengkap. Kata kunci: konsep, kepribadian, APOS Abstract: This study aims to describe the understanding of Junior High School students on concept of plane figures based on extrovert and introvert personality types. Concepts are abstract ideas for classifying objects or events. Individuals who understand the concept can state whether the object is included in the concept that is understood or not. The attitude of the individual in making decisions is influenced by the habits that exist in the individual itself. Therefore, personality has a role in the learning process of students. APOS theory is a constructivist theory that studies how mathematical concepts occur. APOS theory is an elaboration of the construction of mental structures called Action, Process, Object, and Scheme. This Study is a qualitative descriptive study. Subjects in the study were two students with extrovert and introvert personality types. Subject selection techniques by providing personality questionnaires and problem solving tests. The main instrument is the researcher, while the supporting instrument is the personality questionnaire from the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) and the problem solving test. There is a difference between extrovert and introvert personality types in understanding the concept of plane figures on APOS theory, extrovert subject only succeed at the Action stage. While introvert succeed at the Action, Process, and Scheme stages. Extrovert give up easily in solving problem and did not write down answers in detail. Introvert appear to be careful in solving problem and are able to write complete answers. Keywords: consepts, personality types, APOS
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Zulkifli, Achmad. "SELF-DISCLOSURE DITINJAU DARI TIPE KEPRIBADIAN DAN SELF-ESTEEM PADA REMAJA PENGGUNA MEDIA SOSIAL". Journal of Psychological Science and Profession 2, n. 2 (3 agosto 2018): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/jpsp.v2i2.21194.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Manusia dalam hidupnya selalu bergantung kepada manusia lain. Manusia selalu butuh berkomunikasi dengan manusia lain. Seiring dengan modernnya zaman, kini komunikasi manusia semakin kreatif dengan adanya media sosial online. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan antara tipe kepribadian dan self-esteem terhadap self-disclosure pada remaja pengguna media sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif yang diukur menggunakan tiga skala yaitu Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI), Self-esteem Coppersmith, dan Self-disclosure Scale. Responden penelitian adalah 205 remaja yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh Tipe kepribadian dan self-esteem terhadap Self-disclosure., Tipe kepribadian dan self-esteem mempengaruhi self-disclosure sebesar 56,3%. Tipe kepribadian memberikan sumbangan sebanyak 1,5% dan self-esteem sebanyak 54,7% terhadap self-disclosure.
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Duggan, Conor F., Pak Sham, Alan S. Lee e Robin M. Murray. "Does recurrent depression lead to a change in neuroticism?" Psychological Medicine 21, n. 4 (novembre 1991): 985–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700029974.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
SYNOPSISThe hypothesis that recurrent or chronic depressive illness produces a long-term change in neuroticism was examined in a sample (N = 34) from a consecutive series of 89 depressed patients admitted to the Maudsley Hospital in 1965/6. The Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) was administered at the time of the index illness both when the patients were depressed and on recovery, and then again at follow-up 18 years later. The change in the neuroticism (N) score over the 18-year-period was compared in good and poor outcome groups defined variously by a global rating of outcome, frequency of episodes, extent of subsequent hospitalization and the presence or absence of subsequent chronicity. The mean N score for the sample as a whole did not change significantly over the 18 years, and no differential change in the N score was observed between any of the good and poor outcome groups. Thus, the hypothesis was not supported.
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Kukso, Polina Alexandrovna, e Olga Gennadievna Kukso. "ФАКТОРЫ ВОЗНИКНОВЕНИЯ ВНУТРИЛИЧНОСТНОГО КОНФЛИКТА У СТУДЕНЧЕСКОЙ МОЛОДЕЖИ". Sovremennye issledovaniya sotsialnykh problem) 8, n. 11 (17 novembre 2017): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2218-7405-2017-11-76-97.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Цель. Рассматривается проблема внутриличностного конфликта у студентов в период профессионального развития. Студенты находятся на юношеском возрастном этапе развития, который является критическим в системе периодизации психического развития. Цель данной работы установить связь, во-первых, между внутриличностным конфликтом и некоторыми показателями темперамента у студентов, во-вторых, взаимосвязь внутриличностного конфликта и показателей темперамента в зависимости от пола.Метод или методология проведения работы. В работе были использованы методика Фанталовой «Уровень соотношения ценности и доступности в различных жизненных сферах», опросника для изучения темперамента Я. Стреляу, личностный опросник EPI (Eysenck Personality Inventory), шкала реактивной и личностной тревожности Ч.Д. Спилбергера.Результаты. Было выделено три группы студентов с разным типом внутриличностного конфликта. На основе полученных данных были выделены виды внутриличностного конфликта, отражающие особенности противоречий, возникающих у девушек и юношей при обучении в высшей школе (ВУЗе). Проведен сравнительный анализ темпераментальных и личностных показателей студентов у этих групп.Область применения результатов. Исследование внутриличностного конфликта у студентов и разработка средств психологической защиты от него является важной научно-практической проблемой для организации образовательного процесса.
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Івченко, Оксана, e Олена Мітова. "СКЛАДОВА ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ БАСКЕТБОЛІСТІВ НА ЕТАПІ ПОПЕРЕДНЬОЇ БАЗОВОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ У ПІДГОТОВЧОМУ ПЕРІОДІ". Слобожанський науково-спортивний вісник 4, n. 78 (26 giugno 2020): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15391/snsv.2020-4.006.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Мета: визначення та аналіз показників індивідуально типологічних особливостей особистості баскетболістів 13-14 років, та з їх урахуванням надати рекомендацій щодо проведення навчально-тренувального процесу на основі диференційованого підходу. Матеріал і методи: на початку підготовчого періоду 2019-2020 н. р. було проведено психологічну діагностику за методикою Г. Айзенка EPI (Eysenck Personality Inventory), за допомогою якої отримали дані за окремими типологічними (переважання типу темпераменту) показниками баскетболістів на етапі попередньої базової підготовки,. У дослідженні приймали участь 30 баскетболістів 13-14 років. Результати: питання підвищення ефективності організації психологічної підготовки за рахунок використання можливостей розвитку особистості спортсменів, її контроль та корекція виступає одним з найважливіших завдань, що стоять як перед дитячо-юнацьким спортом, так і перед спортом вищих досягнень. Психологічна підготовка та контроль розвитку психологічної підготовленості посідає важливе місце у навчально-тренувальному процесі баскетболістів і етап попередньої базової підготовки не став виключенням. Висновки: отримані дані стали підґрунтям для рекомендацій щодо корекції навчально-тренувального процесу, а саме: розподіл по підгрупам баскетболістів на етапі попередньої базової підготовки з урахуванням властивостей нервової системи, індивідуальних типологічних особливостей, рис особистостей, щирості за «шкалою брехні», що дозволить збільшити відсоток засвоєння навчального матеріалу, покращити міжособистісні відносини, що складаються між партнерами внаслідок їх сумісності такі як повага, взаєморозуміння, згуртованість, міжособистісна атракція, позитивні емоції та ін. Ключові слова програма з баскетболу, психологічна підготовка, баскетболісти, психологічна діагностика, методика Г. Айзенка EPI, корекція.
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Panwar, Pooja, Rajesh Kumar e Xavier Belsiyal. "Loneliness, sociability and depression in old age home elderly". International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, n. 10 (26 settembre 2019): 4331. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20194490.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: Increasing elderly population became a big concern to health professionals. Loneliness, lack of socialization and depression is quite frequently reported in elderly population. Lack of evidence on impact of socialization and loneliness on depression necessitate this survey. The current work focused on level of socialization, loneliness and depression among elderly residing in old age homes.Methods: The cross-sectional survey includes 100 purposively selected elderly from selected old age homes, Uttarakhand. Elderly were interviewed by using University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Loneliness scale, Geriatric depression scale (GDS) and Eysenck personality inventory (EPI) sociability subscale of extroversion. Appropriate statistics was applied to generate results.Results: Findings revealed a significant relationship of loneliness with depression (r=-0.740, p<0.01) and sociability (r=0.195, p<0.01). Similarly, sociability and depression were found dependent on each other (r=-0.354, p<0.01) in elderly.Conclusions: Elderly residing in old age homes need due attention and care to get rid of these silent psychological problems. Timely medical care and measures to improve socialization may help to anticipate mortality and morbidity and protect the vulnerable population.
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König, M., e K. E. Bühler. "Depression und Biografie". Nervenheilkunde 22, n. 05 (2003): 267–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1624399.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
ZusammenfassungIn der vorliegenden Untersuchung kamen zwei Persönlichkeitsfragebögen, das Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) und der Biografische Fragebogen für Alkoholabhängige (BIFA-AL). sowie ein Persönlichkeitstest, der Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), zur Anwendung. Insgesamt umfasste die klinische Studie 88 Versuchspersonen: 44 depressive Patienten und 44 in Bezug auf Alter, Geschlecht und Schulbildung parallelisierte gesunde Probanden. Die Ergebnisse des TAT zeigen, dass sich die Patienten in ihren Fantasiegeschichten von ihrer depressiven Einstellungen lösen. Die Bildtafeln scheinen die Patienten zu animieren, ihre passive und negative Einstellungen aufzugeben und in ihren Fantasiegeschichten aktiv und positiv eingestellt in das Geschehen einzugreifen. In ihren Fantasiegeschichten leben sie das aus, was sie im normalen depressiven Leben nicht verwirklichen können, und verhalten sich so, wie sie gerne in Wirklichkeit wären. In den beiden Persönlichkeitsfragebögen konnten deutliche Unterschiede (höherer Neurotizismus, niedrigere Extraversion) zwischen den beiden Stichproben festgestellt werden. In der Skala „Zielgerichtetheit” des BIFA-AL erzielten die Patienten deutlich niedrigere Werte als die gesunden Probanden. Die Patienten erreichten ferner ungünstigere Werte hinsichtlich der Primärsozialisation. Sie schildern ihre Primärsozialisation deutlich ungünstiger und belastender. Vorschläge hinsichtlich psychotherapeutischer Folgerungen aus diesen Befunden werden unterbreitet.
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Grebneva, Valentina Viktorovna, Svetlana Anatolievna Korneeva, Lyudmila Borisovna Kuznetsova, Oksana Sergeevna Miroshnikova e Svetlana Valeryevna Moskalenko. "Psychological determinants of manifestation of a person’s creativity at the stage of higher education". SHS Web of Conferences 117 (2021): 06003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202111706003.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Despite the significance and effectiveness of numerous studies, the role and relationship of internal (psychological) and external (environmental) factors in the development of creativity at the stage of studying at a university are not clearly determined. The conducted study aims to analyze the psychological prerequisites for the development of a person’s creativity at student age. The study tests the hypothesis that students demonstrating a higher level of creativity have several individual psychological features including genetically predetermined ones. The deployed psychodiagnostic methods include the “creativity” scale of the Self-actualization diagnostic questionnaire “SAMOAL” (A.V. Lazukina, as adapted by N.F. Kalin), “Questionnaire for diagnostics of the dominating instinct” (V.I. Garbuzov); the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI), and “The method of diagnostics of the learning style parameters” (A. Soloman, R. Felder). The obtained results provide for a more precise description of the psychological portrait of a student with high creativity level as well as indicate the presence of genetically predetermined factors of predisposition to the development of creativity as a creative attitude towards life.
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Riihimäki, K., M. Vuorilehto, P. Jylhä e E. Isometsä. "Response style and severity and chronicity of depressive disorders in primary health care". European Psychiatry 33, n. 1 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.12.002.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractBackgroundResponse styles theory of depression postulates that rumination is a central factor in occurrence, severity and maintaining of depression. High neuroticism has been associated with tendency to ruminate. We investigated associations of response styles and neuroticism with severity and chronicity of depression in a primary care cohort study.MethodsIn the Vantaa Primary Care Depression Study, a stratified random sample of 1119 adult patients was screened for depression using the Prime-MD. Depressive and comorbid psychiatric disorders were diagnosed using SCID-I/P and SCID-II interviews. Of the 137 patients with depressive disorders, 82% completed the prospective five-year follow-up with a graphic life chart enabling evaluation of the longitudinal course of episodes. Neuroticism was measured with the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI-Q). Response styles were investigated at five years using the Response Styles Questionnaire (RSQ-43).ResultsAt five years, rumination correlated significantly with scores of Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (r = 0.54), Beck Depression Inventory (r = 0.61), Beck Anxiety Inventory (r = 0.50), Beck Hopelessness Scale (r = 0.51) and Neuroticism (r = 0.58). Rumination correlated also with proportion of follow-up time spent depressed (r = 0.38). In multivariate regression, high rumination was significantly predicted by current depressive symptoms and neuroticism, but not by anxiety symptoms or preceding duration of depressive episodes.ConclusionsAmong primary care patients with depression, rumination correlated with current severity of depressive symptoms, but the association with preceding episode duration remained uncertain. The association between neuroticism and rumination was strong. The findings are consistent with rumination as a state-related phenomenon, which is also strongly intertwined with traits predisposing to depression.
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Riihimäki, K., M. Vuorilehto, P. Jylhä e E. Isometsä. "Rumination And Primary Care Depression". European Psychiatry 33, S1 (marzo 2016): S422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1523.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
IntroductionResponse styles theory postulates that rumination is a central factor in occurrence, severity and maintaining of depression. High neuroticism has been associated with tendency to ruminate.ObjectiveTo evaluate the relationships between rumination, neuroticism and depression in a naturalistic prospective cohort of primary care patients with depressive disorders with life-chart methodology.AimsWe hypothesized, that rumination would correlate with severity and duration of depression and with concurrent anxiety, gender and neuroticism.MethodsIn the Vantaa Primary Care Depression Study, a stratified random sample of 1119 adult patients was screened for depression using the Prime-MD. Depressive and comorbid psychiatric disorders were diagnosed using SCID-I/P and SCID-II. Of the 137 patients with depressive disorders, 82% completed the five-year follow-up with a graphic life chart. Neuroticism was measured with the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI-Q). Response styles were investigated at five years using the Response Styles Questionnaire (RSQ-43).ResultsRumination correlated significantly with Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (r = 0.54), Beck Depression Inventory (r = 0.61), Beck Anxiety Inventory (r = 0.50), Beck Hopelessness Scale (r = 0.51) and Neuroticism (r = 0.58). Rumination correlated also with proportion of follow-up time spent depressed (r = 0.38). In multivariate regression, high rumination was significantly predicted by current depressive symptoms and neuroticism, but not by anxiety symptoms or preceding duration of depressive episodes.ConclusionsRumination correlated with current severity of depression, but the association with preceding episode duration remained uncertain. The association between neuroticism and rumination was strong. The findings are consistent with rumination as a state-related phenomenon, which is also strongly intertwined with traits predisposing to depression.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Ionova, Maria S., e Evgeniia V. Pyataeva. "Personal Characteristics of Students, Inclined to Internet-addicted Behaviour". Humanitarian: actual problems of the humanities and education 21, n. 2 (5 luglio 2021): 189–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.15507/2078-9823.054.021.202102.189-202.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of personality traits of students with different levels of Internet addiction. In connection with the rapid ubiquitous spread of the Internet, the problem of dependence on the global network is becoming more and more urgent. However, we have to state that there is a contradiction between the need to prevent Internet addiction among young people and insufficient knowledge of the personal characteristics of students who are prone to Internet addictive behaviour. Materials and Methods. The research used the following methods: theoretical analysis of scientific literature, testing (test for Internet addiction (K. Young (adapted by V. A. Loskutova)), test “Self-assessment” (L. D. Stolyarenko), personality questionnaire “Suggestibility” (S. V. Klauchek and V. V. Delariu), personality questionnaire EPI (Eysenck Personality Inventory) (G. Eysenck), methodology for diagnosing failure avoidance motivation (T. Ehlers)). For statistical analysis of empirical data, the Student’s test was used for independent samples. Results. The study found that among the respondents there are no people with a pronounced Internet addiction. Identified potential Internet addicts – students overly keen on the Internet. They tend to have low self-esteem scores and are more susceptible to suggestion than regular web users. Most students who are prone to Internet-addicted behaviour have a high and too high level of motivation for avoiding failure, while the majority of ordinary users are characterized by a high level. There are no significant differences between the groups of respondents on the introversion and extraversion scale. Statistical analysis of the data obtained confirmed the presence of significant differences between students who are potential addicts and students who are ordinary Internet users in terms of self-esteem and suggestibility. Discussion and Conclusion. The analysis of the results of the study allows us to conclude that students who are overly keen on the Internet differ from their peers – ordinary Internet users by their tendency to a low assessment of their own qualities and a higher suggestibility. They also have a higher level of failure avoidance motivation. The data obtained by us can be used in the development of programs for the prevention of Internet addiction among students.
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Zaitseva, Olga, Ludmila Klimatсkaia, Valeriy Kovalevskiy e Donata Kurpas. "Characteristics of the psychoemotional sphere among Evenk children". Medical Science Pulse 14, n. 1 (28 maggio 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.1587.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background. In Russia, there is an active ongoing process of national revival of the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North Siberia, such as the Evenks. Revival of the younger generation, in particular, remains a priority. The state helps to solve the problems of education and adaptation of Evenk children to modern life. This is necessary because parents, hunters, and reindeer herders have a nomadic lifestyle. The educational feature of Evenk children is to study and live in a boarding school after elementary school graduation. Success of adaptation largely depends on the ability to account for the ethnopsychological specificity of Evenk children. Aim: To study characteristics of the psychoemotional sphere and identify ethnospecific indicators for the adaptation of Evenk children to a boarding school. Material and methods: Pupils (N = 409) aged 10-16 from the village boarding school of Evenkia, Krasnoyarsk Territory, Russia were examined. Pupils consisted of 132 Evenk children and 277 Russian children. The emotional sphere was evaluated according to Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) and lateral phenotype was evaluated according to Bragina & Dobrokhotova. Results. We found that Evenk children show a predominant pattern of left laterality (p = 0.024). In addition, relative to Russian children, Evenk children are more likely to show the introverted personality type (p = 0.035). Relative to Russian children, Evenk children are more restrained in their emotional manifestations, have greater difficulty in communicating with strangers, answer with monosyllables, and show a less vivid emotional reaction to praise. Further, relative to Russian children, Evenk children are more likely to show a high level of emotional stability (i.e., 9-10 points; p = 0.001). Conclusion. The present study examined the psychoemotional characteristics of Evenk children. We identified ethnospecific indicators, including an introversion personality type combined with emotional stability and left laterality. Identification of these characteristics allowed us to form a risk group of children in adaptation. Ethnospecific indicators of the psycho-emotional sphere should be considered for effective management of the adaptation of children in a boarding school.
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INDAHSARI, PUTU RINA, I. Made Niko Winaya, I. Putu Adiartha Griadhi e Putu Ayu Sita Saraswati. "HUBUNGAN PARTISIPASI LATIHAN HATHA YOGA TERHADAP RENDAHNYA TINGKAT KECEMASAN WANITA PREMENOPAUSE DI LAPANGAN NITI MANDALA RENON". Majalah Ilmiah Fisioterapi Indonesia 8, n. 1 (15 gennaio 2020): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mifi.2020.v08.i01.p06.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Penuaan merupakan suatu proses alami yang dialami setiap manusia. Wanita akan memasuki masa klimakterium sebelum masa tua. Klimakterium terbagi menjadi masa premenopause, menopause dan pasca menopause. Premenopause biasanya dimulai pada usia 40-49 tahun yang akan menimbulkan beberapa gejala yang mengakibatkan timbulnya kecemasan bagi wanita. Kecemasan adalah reaksi yang timbul karena adanya suatu masalah yang menekan seseorang. Kecemasan dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal yaitu keadaan fisik dan tipe kepribadian serta faktor eksternal yaitu tingkat pendidikan, dukungan suami, serta status sosial ekonomi. Hatha yoga merupakan aktivitas fisik yang dapat meredakan kecemasan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bagaimana hubungan antara partisipasi latihan hatha yoga dengan tingkat kecemasan wanita premenopause.
Jenis penelitian ini yaitu cross sectional analitik dengan teknik consecutive sampling yang dilakukan pada bulan Maret 2019 di Lapangan Niti Mandala Renon Bali. 82 orang wanita usia 40–49 tahun berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini dan mengisi serangkaian kuisioner seperti kuisioner Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HRS-A) untuk mengukur tingkat kecemasan, form assessment fisioterapi untuk mengetahui keadaan fisik, kuisioner Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) untuk mengukur tipe kepribadian serta kuisioner dukungan suami. Uji analisis menggunakan uji Spearman Correlation.
Hasil penelitian terdapat hubungan yang signifikan p=0,000<p=0,05 dengan hubungan korelasi kuat serta memiliki nilai yang negatif ( Correlation coefficient -0,687).
Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa, wanita yang mengikuti latihan hatha yoga mengalami tingkat kecemasan yang rendah dibandingkan dengan yang tidak mengikuti latihan hatha yoga.
Kata Kunci : Hatha yoga, Tingkat Kecemasan, Tipe Kepribadian, Tingkat Pendidikan, Tingkat Status Sosial Ekonomi, Tingkat Dukungan Suami, Keadaan Fisik
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Langworth, S., G. Sällsten, L. Barregård, I. Cynkier, M. L. Lind e E. Söderman. "Exposure to Mercury Vapor and Impact on Health in the Dental Profession in Sweden". Journal of Dental Research 76, n. 7 (luglio 1997): 1397–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220345970760071001.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Possible adverse effects of mercury exposure in dentistry have been discussed in several studies. The objective of the present study was to carry out detailed measurements of mercury exposure in the dental profession in Sweden, and to search for adverse health effects from such exposure. We examined 22 dentists and 22 dental nurses, working in teams, at six Swedish dental clinics. Measurements of air mercury, performed with personal, active air samplers, showed a median air Hg of 1.8 μg/m3 for the dentists, and 2.1 μg/m 3 for the dental nurses. Spot measurements with a direct reading instrument displayed temporarily elevated air Hg, especially during the preparation and application of amalgam. The average concentration of mercury in whole blood (B-Hg) was 18 nmol/L, in plasma (P-Hg) 5.1 nmol/L, and in urine (U-Hg) 3.0 nmol/mmol creatinine. Possible effects on the central nervous system (CNS) were registered with three questionnaires: Q16, Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI), and the Profile of Mood Scales (POMS). In the Q16, the number of symptoms was statistically significantly higher in the dentistry group compared with an age- and gender-matched control group (n = 44). The urinary excretion of albumin and urinary activity of the tubular enzyme N-acetyl-β-glucose-aminidase (NAG) did not differ between the two groups. The results confirm that exposure to mercury in the dental profession in Sweden is low. The air Hg levels were mainly influenced by the method of amalgam preparation and inserting, and by the method of air evacuation during drilling and polishing.
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Marwa, Wida Sopia, e Nani Ronsani Thamrin. "EXTROVERT PERSONALITY AND ITS IMPACT ON STUDENTS’ ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY WRITING SKILL". English Review: Journal of English Education 4, n. 2 (24 ottobre 2016): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.25134/erjee.v4i2.340.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This research aims at finding the positive correlation between extroversion personality and students’ argumentative essay writing skill. The objective of this research is to know the correlation between extroversion personality and students’ argumentative essay of sophomore English Department students in University of Kuningan. The population in this research was all sophomore English Department students with total 60 students. A convenience purposive sampling was applied to get the sample students. The samples of this research were 12 extrovert students. From the results of statistical tests to test the correlation between two variables, this research used Pearson product moment. As the result of the calculation, it was found that robserved (0,778) > ttables (0, 532). Then, based on the hypothesis test with two tail test, the result of hypothesis test obtained tobserved (3, 917) > ttables (1, 782). Thus, it can be concluded that Ha was accepted and there was a correlation between extroversion personality and students’ argumentative essay writing skill.Keywords: extroversion personality, argumentative essay, writing, Eysenk personality inventory
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Surrette, Michael A., Joseph M. Ebert, Michael A. Willis e Tara M. Smallidge. "Personality of Law Enforcement Officials: A Comparison of Law Enforcement Officials' Personality Profiles Based on Size of Community". Public Personnel Management 32, n. 2 (giugno 2003): 279–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009102600303200207.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This research was designed to assess the personality profiles associated with law enforcement officials from communities of varying size. Participants were from three separate law enforcement agencies (N=40). The agencies were selected based on their community size/type. Participants were from an urban department, a rural department or a college campus department. All participants were administered the Employee Personality Inventory (EPI) to assess their personality characteristics. Analysis revealed a significant difference among departments on three of the five personality dimensions measured by the EPI.
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Nurzani, Nurzani. "A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EXTROVERTED AND INTROVERTED STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ACHIEVEMENT AT ENGLISH DEPARTMENT OF HALU OLEO UNIVERSITY". Journal of Teaching English 4, n. 2 (17 giugno 2019): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.36709/jte.v4i2.13918.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study aimed to investigate whether there was a significant difference between extroverted and introverted students in terms of speaking achievement at speaking I class of English Education Department in Halu Oleo University academic year 2016/2017. The design of this study was quantitative comparative study. The population of this study was the entire speaking I class in English Department of Halu Oleo University in academic year 2016/2017 which consisted of two classes in total of 112 students. The sample of this study was chosen randomly of all the population by using Questionnaire of Eysenk Personality Inventory. The instruments of the study were questionnaire and final score of speaking 1 subject. In analyzing the data of the study, the researcher used Independent sample T-test in SPSS 16.0 for windows. In this study, the Independent Sample T-test was showed the value of Sig.(2-tailed) = 0.502 with α = 0.05, H0 was accepted and H1 was rejected. It is because of sig. (2-tailed) value is higher than α value. The result of this study showed that there was no significant difference between extroverted and introverted students’ speaking achievement at speaking I class of English Education Department in Halu Oleo University academic year 2016/2017. This study showed that the students’ personality, either extroverted or introverted did not give significant difference on the achievement of their speaking Keywords: Extroversion, Introversion, and Speaking Achievement
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Naylor, Brooke, Simon Boag e Sylvia Maria Gustin. "New evidence for a pain personality? A critical review of the last 120 years of pain and personality". Scandinavian Journal of Pain 17, n. 1 (1 ottobre 2017): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpain.2017.07.011.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractBackgroundPersonality traits may influence development and adjustment to ongoing pain. Over the past 120 years, there has been considerable research into the relationship between pain and personality. This paper presents new evidence for common personality traits found amongst chronic pain sufferers. In particular, it evaluates evidence for Cloninger’s biopsychosocial model of personality in distinguishing typical personality features of chronic pain sufferers. It evaluates this evidence in the context of the past 120 years of research including psychodynamic formulations, MMPI studies, personality disorder investigations, and the influence of neuroticism on chronic pain.MethodsA literature search was conducted using PubMed, Medline, PsyclNFO, SCOPUS and Cochrane library. Search terms included chronic pain, pain, personality, neuroticism, harm avoidance, self-directedness, attachment, Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-R), MMPI, MMPI-2, NEO-PI, EPI, Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory, Millon Behavioral Health Inventory, Millon Behavioral Medicine Diagnostic, the Personality Assessment Inventory, the Locus of Control Construct and different combinations of these terms.ConclusionsRecent descriptive studies using Cloninger’s Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-R) suggest that higher harm avoidance and lower self-directedness may be the most distinguishing personality features of chronic pain sufferers. High harm avoidance refers to a tendency to be fearful, pessimistic, sensitive to criticism, and requiring high levels of re-assurance. Low self-directedness often manifests as difficulty with defining and setting meaningful goals, low motivation, and problems with adaptive coping. Evidence for this personality profile is found across a wide variety of chronic pain conditions including fibromyalgia, headache and migraine, temporomandibular disorder, trigeminal neuropathy, musculo-skeletal disorders and heterogeneous pain groups. Limitations are also discussed. For example, high harm avoidance is also found in those suffering anxiety and depression. While many studies control for such factors, some do not and thus future research should address such confounds carefully. The evidence is also evaluated within the context of past research into the existence of ‘a pain personality’. Psychodynamic formulations are found to be deficient in objective scientific methods. MMPI studies lack sufficient evidence to support ‘a pain personality’ and may be confounded by somatic items in the instrument. More recent neuroticism studies suggest a relationship between neuroticism and pain, particularly for adjustment to chronic pain. Personality disorders are more prevalent in chronic pain populations than non-pain samples.Clinical implicationsBecause harm avoidance reflects a tendency to developed conditioned fear responses, we suggest that higher harm avoidance may create more vulnerability to developing a fear-avoidance response to chronic pain. Furthermore, lower self-directedness may contribute to keeping a sufferer within this vicious cycle of fear, avoidance and suffering. Moreover, we suggest that harm avoidance and self-directedness are broader and more complex constructs than current clinical targets of CBT such as fear-avoidance and self-efficacy. Thus, assessing such personality traits may help to address the complexity of chronic pain presentations. For example, it may help to identify and treat sufferers more resistant to treatment, more prone to comorbidity and more vulnerable to entering the vicious cycle of chronic pain, suffering and disability.
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Fedorchuk, S., O. Lysenko e S. Tukaiev. "Neurodynamic properties of cyclists with different levels of mobilizations in the reaction to the moving object". Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series: Biology 75, n. 1 (2018): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728_2748.2018.75.21-26.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The purpose of the study was to determine the neurodynamic and psychological properties of elite cyclists concerning the level of mobilizationin the reaction to the moving object. In order to determine the neurodynamic properties of athletes we used the diagnostic complex "Diagnost-1". The reaction to the moving object was used to monitor and predict the functional state of the central nervous system of athletes, to assess thespeed and accuracy of the response, the excitation/inhibition ratio, and the balance of nervous processes. Moreover, we have analyzed the forceand functional mobility of nervous processes, the sensorimotor activity, namely the dynamics of nervous processes, the efficiency and speed ofboth the simple sensorimotor reaction, and the simple and complex sensorimotor choosing reaction, the sensorimotor asymmetry index, and otherparameters. Hans Eysenck's Personality Inventory (EPI), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory by C. Spielberger (adapted by Y. Hanin) and the Luscher color test allowed determining individual typological characteristics and the psycho-emotional state of athletes. The results of the reaction to the moving objects revealed differences between cycling athletes with high, medium and low mobilization rates. The most optimal functional state of the central nervous system in terms of the reaction to the moving object was specific to the cyclists with the low level of mobilization. Athletes with a high level of mobilization did not demonstrate significant differences in the reactions to the moving objects, but differed the higher stability in the complex sensory-motor choice reaction. Athletes with the medium level of mobilization in the reaction to the moving objects were characterized by the lowest level of State Anxiety in combination with a reduced functional state of the central nervous system. Thus, the higher efficiency of sensorimotor response was detected in the athletes with the high and low mobilization level in the reaction to moving objects.
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Iurtaeva, Marina Nikolaevna, e Natalya Stepanovna Glukhanyuk. "Psychological foundations of teamwork training". Психология и Психотехника, n. 3 (marzo 2020): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0722.2020.3.33545.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The subject of this research is the individual psychological characteristics for learning teamwork skills. The relevance of the selected topic is defined by solving the tasks of teaching team interaction skills in the process of professional training of specialists, as well by insufficient empirical data on psychological mechanisms of pedagogical influence upon the effectiveness of tram-building process. The goal consists in comparing individual traits of the students and nature of their relationships, which determine the type of team interaction. For achieving the set goal and verification of the advanced hypothesis, the author surveyed teams of students (N=11) based on quasi-experimental plan. Along with the comparative design and correlation design, the author also applied the following psychodiagnostic methods: Eysenck's Personality Inventory (EPI), questionnaire for emotional intelligence by D. V. Lusin, “lifestyle index” method (adapted by L. I. Wasserman and others), characterological questionnaire by G. Shmishek, self-esteem model by A. Budassi; as well as statistical methods: Kruskal-Wallis criterion, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Based on the acquired results, the author empirically describes the types of team: “introverted”, “restless-intellectual”, “inconsistent”, “narcissistic”, and “aggressive-manipulative”. Comparability of the types of teams with characteristics of “dark triad-tetrad” is determined. The novelty of this work consists in the empirical substantiation of differential approach towards teaching teamwork skills, as well as in outlining the two key trends in pedagogical work with the students. The first is aimed at overcoming social insecurity by means of intellectual self-affirmation. The second implies the students’ desire to exercise control over emotions and the object of relations. The proposed recommendations for work with each type of team can be implemented in pedagogical practice of the higher school.
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Naseem Ahmad, Azmat Jahan e Nasheed Imtiaz. "Personality Correlates of Optimism among Couples". International Journal of Indian Psychology 3, n. 4 (25 settembre 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.25215/0304.214.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study aimed to examine the relationship between optimism and personality traits (extraversion-introversion, emotional stability-neuroticism and psychoticism) among couples. The study sample consisted of 30 couples, N=60 (30 males and 30 females) with age ranging from 22 to 28 years were selected from the various places of Delhi NCR. For assessing personality traits, Eysenck Personality Inventory-Revised (EPI-R) by Hans Eysenck was employed and for assessing optimism, Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R) developed by Scheier, Carver, and Bridges (1994) was used. Results of the present study were analysed using Pearson-r correlation and t test. Results of study revealed that: there is a significant positive correlation between optimism and extraversion (personality traits), (r=.368) and no significant correlation between any other constructs of personality and optimism. Also, there is no significant difference found between male and female on any of the personality traits (extraversion, (t=.912); neuroticism, (t=-.134); and psychoticism, (t=-.423).) and optimism, (t=1.548). The study has important implications for intervention programs.
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Pearson, Alison, e Gaby Pfeifer. "Two Measures of Interoceptive Sensibility and the Relationship With Introversion and Neuroticism in an Adult Population". Psychological Reports, 28 ottobre 2020, 003329412096546. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033294120965461.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Interoception, the ability to detect internal bodily signals, is vital for an individual’s well-being and is increasingly connected to mental health disorders. Research investigating relationships between individual differences in interoception and personality types is limited, and mixed results are reported across a variety of interoceptive tasks, measures, and conceptualisations. Guided by biological theories, this study contributed further to the understanding of the relationship between interoception and personality by utilising two interoceptive measures. A sample of adults (N = 114) completed three questionnaires online questionnaire, two assessing interoceptive sensibility ( Body Perception Questionnaire, BPQ; and the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness, MAIA) and one that assessed personality ( Eysenck Personality Inventory, EPI). Multiple regression and correlational analyses showed no significant relationship between interoceptive sensibility and introversion, whereas a predictive relationship was demonstrated between interoceptive sensibility and neuroticism. Furthermore, the BPQ and subscales of the MAIA predicted neuroticism in different directions suggesting the two measures assess different constructs and thus strengthened support for a multidimensional consideration of interoception. The results have clinical implications, including the targeting of contemplative training approaches for individuals demonstrating high interoceptive sensibility and neurotic traits to improve the mental well-being of healthy individuals and clinical populations.
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Siripichitsupapol, Prankit. "The Relationship between Introversion, Extraversion and Statuses in Cyberbullying among Teenagers in Bangkok". International Journal of Current Science Research and Review 04, n. 04 (2 maggio 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.47191/ijcsrr/v4-i5-01.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Cyberbullying, a form of bullying with the use of digital technologies, has become increasingly common among teenagers. It can take place on social media, messaging platforms, gaming platforms, and previous studies provide several lines of evidence that no relationship is found between cyberbullying and the influences of introversion and extraversion. To further investigate the impact of cyberbullying, this research was conducted with the aim of finding relationship between introversion, extraversion and cyberbullying among teenagers in Bangkok, the capital city of Thailand. A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey questionnaire that contained questions for assessing both the cyberbullying behavior and the personality of participants. Eysenck’s Personality Inventory (EPI)1 was used in this survey to assess the type of personality in teenagers. The results showed that there was no correlation between cyberbullying and personality.
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Ставицька, Світлана, Геннадій Ставицький e Марина Топчій. "PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES AND THE PROGRAM OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE DEVELOPMENT IN EARLY ADOLESCENCE". Науковий часопис НПУ імені М. П. Драгоманова. Серія 12. Психологічні науки, 31 marzo 2021, 94–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series12.2021.13(58).09.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article is devoted to the analysis of the psychological features of emotional intelligence development of the person of early youth. The results of empirical research and the program of emotional intelligence development of high school students are presented. The purpose of the research is to theoretically substantiate, empirically investigate and propose a psychological and pedagogical program for the development of emotional intelligence of early adolescents. The objectives of the study are to conduct a theoretical analysis of the problem of emotional intelligence of the individual; empirically investigate the psychological features of the development of emotional intelligence of high school students; develop, implement and determine the effectiveness of a psychological program for the development of emotional intelligence in early adolescence. The research methods that have been used are: “Diagnosis of the level of emotional intelligence” K. Hall test; “Diagnosis of the level of empathy” I.M. Yusupov; “EPI Personal Questionnaire” by G. Eisenko; “Test-questionnaire to determine self-identity” V.V. Stolin, S.R Pantileev; “Study of socio-psychological adaptation of K. Rogers-R. Diamond”; questionnaire “Scale of family adaptation and cohesion” by D. Olson, J. Portner, I. Lavi (adapted by M. Perre). It has been found that most of the high school students studied have a low level of development of emotional intelligence and its components. They can be described as having a low level of awareness, low self-esteem and poor self-emotions. They are quite emotionally vulnerable to external influences, too concerned about various life circumstances; it is not easy for them to withstand the pressure of others, it is difficult to make important decisions, adhere to the plan to achieve the goal. Based on the results of the observational experiment, a program for the development of emotional intelligence in early adolescence was developed and implemented. Its effectiveness is confirmed by the positive dynamics of both general indicators of levels of emotional intelligence in high school students and its individual components: emotional awareness, self-control of emotional manifestations, empathy, development of self-awareness and self-motivation.
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