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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Fill terrace"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 1 febbraio 2022

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1

Arbogast, Alan F., and William C. Johnson. "Climatic Implications of the Late Quaternary Alluvial Record of a Small Drainage Basin in the Central Great Plains." Quaternary Research 41, no. 3 (May 1994): 298–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/qres.1994.1034.

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AbstractFour late-Quaternary alluvial fills and terraces are recognized in Wolf Creek basin, a small (163 km2) drainage in the Kansas River system of the central Great Plains. Two terraces were created during the late Pleistocene: the T-4 is a fill-top terrace underlain by sand and gravel fill (Fill I), and the T-3 is a strath terrace cut on the Cretaceous Dakota Sandstone. Both Fill II (early Holocene) and Fill III (late Holocene) are exposed beneath the T-2, a Holocene fill-top terrace. The T-1 complex, consisting of one cut and three fill-top terraces, is underlain by Fills III and IV. A po

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2

Arauza, Hanna M., Alexander R. Simms, Leland C. Bement, Brian J. Carter, Travis Conley, Ammanuel Woldergauy, William C. Johnson, and Priyank Jaiswal. "Geomorphic and sedimentary responses of the Bull Creek Valley (Southern High Plains, USA) to Pleistocene and Holocene environmental change." Quaternary Research 85, no. 1 (January 2016): 118–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2015.11.006.

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Fluvial geomorphology and stratigraphy often reflect past environmental and climate conditions. This study examines the response of Bull Creek, a small ephemeral creek in the Oklahoma panhandle, to environmental conditions through the late Pleistocene and Holocene. Fluvial terraces were mapped and their stratigraphy and sedimentology documented throughout the course of the main valley. Based on their elevations, terraces were broadly grouped into a late-Pleistocene fill terrace (T3) and two Holocene fill-cut terrace sets (T2 and T1). Terrace systems are marked by similar stratigraphies recordi

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3

Schirmer, Wolfgang. "Edifice of Fluvial Terrace Flights, Stacks and Rows." Geosciences 10, no. 12 (December 15, 2020): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10120501.

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The paper presents a review of the architecture and structures of river deposits in valleys. A new terminology for some features is included in this review. It presents principles of the fluvial systems with morphological river terraces and fluments (new term for terrace bodies), different stages of the morphological terraces, the texture—the arrangement—of fluments in the form of terrace flights, terrace stacks and terrace rows, and the (inner) structure of a single flument. The contact between the valley fill and the bedrock is named by the new term “pelma”. Special topics deal with flument

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4

Tofelde, Stefanie, Sara Savi, Andrew D. Wickert, Aaron Bufe, and Taylor F. Schildgen. "Alluvial channel response to environmental perturbations: fill-terrace formation and sediment-signal disruption." Earth Surface Dynamics 7, no. 2 (July 1, 2019): 609–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurf-7-609-2019.

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Abstract. The sensitivity of fluvial systems to tectonic and climatic boundary conditions allows us to use the geomorphic and stratigraphic records as quantitative archives of past climatic and tectonic conditions. Thus, fluvial terraces that form on alluvial fans and floodplains as well as the rate of sediment export to oceanic and continental basins are commonly used to reconstruct paleoenvironments. However, we currently lack a systematic and quantitative understanding of the transient evolution of fluvial systems and their associated sediment storage and release in response to changes in b

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5

Norton, K. P., F. Schlunegger, and C. Litty. "On the potential for regolith control of fluvial terrace formation in semi-arid escarpments." Earth Surface Dynamics 4, no. 1 (February 2, 2016): 147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurf-4-147-2016.

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Abstract. Cut–fill terraces occur throughout the western Andes, where they have been associated with pluvial episodes on the Altiplano. The mechanism relating increased rainfall to sedimentation is, however, not well understood. Here, we apply a hillslope sediment model and reported cosmogenic nuclide concentrations in terraces to examine terrace formation in semi-arid escarpment environments. We focus on the Pisco river system in western Peru in order to determine probable hillslope processes and sediment transport conditions during phases of terrace formation. Specifically, we model steady-s

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6

Norton, K. P., F. Schlunegger, and C. Litty. "On the potential for regolith control of fluvial terrace formation in semi-arid escarpments." Earth Surface Dynamics Discussions 3, no. 3 (August 20, 2015): 715–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurfd-3-715-2015.

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Abstract. Cut-fill terraces occur throughout the western Andes where they have been associated with pluvial episodes on the Altiplano. The mechanism relating increased rainfall to sedimentation is however not well understood. Here, we apply a hillslope sediment model and reported cosmogenic nuclide concentrations in terraces to examine terrace formation in semi-arid escarpment environments. We focus on the Rio Pisco system in western Peru in order to determine probable hillslope processes and sediment transport conditions during phases of terrace formation. Specifically, we model steady state

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7

Zhang, Jia-Fu, Wei-Li Qiu, Gang Hu, and Li-Ping Zhou. "Determining the Age of Terrace Formation Using Luminescence Dating—A Case of the Yellow River Terraces in the Baode Area, China." Methods and Protocols 3, no. 1 (February 20, 2020): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mps3010017.

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Dating fluvial terraces has long been a challenge for geologists and geomorphologists, because terrace straths and treads are not usually directly dated. In this study, the formation ages of the Yellow River terraces in the Baode area in China were determined by dating fluvial deposits overlying bedrock straths using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating techniques. Seven terraces (from the lowest terrace T1 to the highest terrace T7) in the study area were recognized, and they are characterized by thick fluvial terrace deposits overlaid by loess sediments. Twenty-five samples from ni

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8

Sion, Brad D., Fred M. Phillips, Gary J. Axen, J. Bruce J. Harrison, David W. Love, and Matthew J. Zimmerer. "Chronology of terraces in the Rio Grande rift, Socorro basin, New Mexico: Implications for terrace formation." Geosphere 16, no. 6 (October 6, 2020): 1457–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/ges02220.1.

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Abstract The Rio Grande rift hosts a remarkable record of Quaternary river incision preserved in an alluvial terrace sequence that has been studied for more than a century. However, our understanding of Rio Grande incision history in central New Mexico since the end of basin filling ca. 0.78 Ma remains hampered by poor age control. Robust correlations among Rio Grande terrace sequences in central and southern New Mexico are lacking, making it difficult to address important process-related questions about terrace formation in continental-scale river systems. We present new age controls using a

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9

Layzell, Anthony L., and Rolfe D. Mandel. "Late Quaternary landscape evolution and bioclimatic change in the central Great Plains, USA." GSA Bulletin 132, no. 11-12 (April 10, 2020): 2553–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/b35462.1.

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Abstract A systematic study of floodplains, terraces, and alluvial fans in the Republican River valley of south-central Nebraska provided a well-dated, detailed reconstruction of late Quaternary landscape evolution and resolved outstanding issues related to previously proposed Holocene terrace sequences. Stable carbon isotope (δ13C) values determined on soil organic matter from buried soils in alluvial landforms were used to reconstruct the structure of vegetation communities and provided a means to investigate the relationships between bioclimatic change and fluvial activity for the period of

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10

Srivastava, Pradeep, Jayant K. Tripathi, R. Islam, and Manoj K. Jaiswal. "Fashion and phases of late Pleistocene aggradation and incision in the Alaknanda River Valley, western Himalaya, India." Quaternary Research 70, no. 1 (July 2008): 68–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2008.03.009.

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AbstractWe study the aggradation and incision of the Alaknanda River Valley during the late Pleistocene and Holocene. The morphostratigraphy in the river valley at Deoprayag shows the active riverbed, a cut terrace, and a fill terrace. The sedimentary fabric of the fill terrace comprises four lithofacies representing 1) riverbed accretion, 2) locally derived debris fan, 3) the deposits of waning floods and 4) palaeoflood records. The sedimentation style, coupled with geochemical analysis and Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating, indicate that this terrace formed in a drier climate an

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11

Matsu'ura, Tabito, Akira Furusawa, and Hidetaka Saomoto. "Long-term and short-term vertical velocity profiles across the forearc in the NE Japan subduction zone." Quaternary Research 71, no. 2 (March 2009): 227–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2008.12.005.

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AbstractWe estimated the long-term vertical velocity profile across the northeastern Japan forearc by using the height distribution of late Quaternary marine and fluvial terraces, and we correlated the ages of the two marine terraces with marine isotope stages (MIS) 5.5 and 5.3 or 5.1 by cryptotephra stratigraphy. The uplift rate, estimated as 0.11–0.19 m ka− 1 from the relative heights between the terrace surfaces and eustatic sea levels, was nearly equal to, or slightly slower than, the uplift rate farther inland (0.15–0.19 m ka− 1), as determined from the relative heights of fill terrace su

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12

Catling, H. W. "A Late Bronze Age House- or Sanctuary-model from The Menelaion, Sparta." Annual of the British School at Athens 84 (November 1989): 171–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068245400020906.

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13

Mizutani, Takeshi. "Laboratory experiment and digital simulation of multiple fill-cut terrace formation." Geomorphology 24, no. 4 (September 1998): 353–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-555x(98)00027-0.

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14

Yatsyshyn, Andriy, and Piotr Gębica. "STUDY OF THE HOLOCENE STAGE OF FORMATION OF THE DNIESTER VALLEY IN THE EASTERN CARPATHIAN FORELAND." PROBLEMS OF GEOMORPHOLOGY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE UKRANIAN CARPATHIANS AND ADJACENT AREAS, no. 11(01) (December 2020): 118–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2020.1.3204.

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The article describes the main stages of studying of the floodplain and the first floodplain terrace of the Dniester river within the Eastern Carpathian Foreland fragment of the valley, and evaluates the results of existing studies. It is discovered that during all the stages of the research morphological and morphometric parameters of the floodplain and the first floodplain terrace of the Dniester river, morphology and facie structures of the alluvial accumulations, as well as palynological analyses of biogenic accumulations buried in an alluvial series are performed. The results obtained dur

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15

Gutiérrez, Francisco, Mario Zarroca, Carmen Castañeda, Domingo Carbonel, Jesús Guerrero, Rogelio Linares, Carles Roqué, and Pedro Lucha. "Paleoflood records from sinkholes using an example from the Ebro River floodplain, northeastern Spain." Quaternary Research 88, no. 1 (June 5, 2017): 71–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qua.2017.23.

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AbstractThis work introduces for the first time the concept of using sinkholes in fluvial valleys as recorders of past floods. The notion is illustrated through the investigation of a complex sinkhole located in a broad floodplain underlain by salt-bearing Cenozoic evaporites. This active sinkhole comprises a large subsidence depression affecting the floodplain and the edge of a terrace, and a nested collapse sinkhole that used to host a sinkhole pond. A borehole drilled in the buried sinkhole pond revealed an ~7.8-m-thick fill that records around 2700 yr of clayey lacustrine deposition interr

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16

Woolfe, Ken J., and Richard G. Purdon. "Deposits of a rapidly eroding meandering river: Terrace cut and fill in the Taupo Volcanic Zone." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 39, no. 2 (June 1996): 243–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.1996.9514708.

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17

Baskin, Jon A. "Early Pliocene horses from late Pleistocene fluvial deposits, Gulf Coastal Plain, south Texas." Journal of Paleontology 65, no. 6 (November 1991): 995–1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000033308.

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Isolated teeth and post-cranial elements of fossil vertebrates were recovered from sand and gravel pits in valley fill and terrace deposits along the Nueces River in San Patricio and Nueces Counties, Texas. A log from the valley fill deposit has been radiocarbon dated at 13,230 ± 110 BP. The fauna is mixed and comprises typical late Pleistocene taxa and relatively abundant remains of early Pliocene (latest Hemphillian) horses. The latter group includes Astrohippus albidens (Mooser), Nannippus spp., Neohipparion eurystyle (Cope), and a derived species of either Calippus or Pseudhipparion. Many

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18

McIlwraith, Thomas. "Digging Out and Filling In." Articles 20, no. 1 (August 1, 2013): 15–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1017560ar.

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A half-million square metres (50 hectares) was brought in to railroad and commercial use at wharfage-level along the Toronto lakefront during the 1850s. This major engineering project involved cutting down the terrace south of Front Street, and this was the source of most of the fill dumped into the Bay. Neither railroad cars nor harbour dredges were capable of delivering the additional material necessary for building anticipated port lands, and many parts of the waterfront remained improperly filled for decades. The land-area that was created should be regarded as a byproduct of short-run, se

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19

Tofelde, Stefanie, Taylor F. Schildgen, Sara Savi, Heiko Pingel, Andrew D. Wickert, Bodo Bookhagen, Hella Wittmann, Ricardo N. Alonso, John Cottle, and Manfred R. Strecker. "100 kyr fluvial cut-and-fill terrace cycles since the Middle Pleistocene in the southern Central Andes, NW Argentina." Earth and Planetary Science Letters 473 (September 2017): 141–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2017.06.001.

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20

Taillefer, François. "La morphologie des environs de Québec et la basse-vallée du Saint-Laurent." Cahiers de géographie du Québec 2, no. 4 (April 12, 2005): 177–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/020087ar.

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The morphology of the Québec region and the lower St. Lawrence valley is reappraised in this article divided in three parts. The physical landscape is described in part I ; the structural conditions are examined in part II and the morphological problems are presented in part III. The relief is the result of a succession of glacial episodes and submersion and emersion episodes which followed glaciation. The over deepening of the Limoilou depression and the opening of Calvaire lake and Cap Rouge depressions are the results of the glacier. To the submerged phase correspond the alluvial fill, espe

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21

Toonen, Willem H. J., Michiel M. de Molenaar, Frans P. M. Bunnik, and Hans Middelkoop. "Middle Holocene palaeoflood extremes of the Lower Rhine." Hydrology Research 44, no. 2 (November 12, 2012): 248–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2012.162.

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A Chézy-based hydraulic model was run to estimate the magnitude of extreme floods of Middle Holocene age in the Lower Rhine Valley (Germany). Input parameters were gathered from the field and literature, and used in ten scenarios to calculate a best guess estimate for the minimum size of extreme floods. These events have been registered as slackwater deposits on elevated terrace levels and in a palaeochannel fill. The modelled minimum discharge is 13,250 m3 sec−1 for a Middle Holocene flood with an estimated recurrence interval between 1,250 and 2,500 years. A sensitivity analysis on different

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22

Harrison, D. J., C. Laban, J. O. Leth, and B. Larsen. "Sources of sand and gravel on the Northern European Continental Shelf." Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications 13, no. 1 (1998): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.eng.1998.013.01.01.

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AbstractThe extraction of marine sand and gravel has taken place in a number of countries around the North Sea, the Baltic Sea and English Channel for several centuries, but large-scale dredging for aggregates only began in earnest in the 1960s. Today, marine sands and gravels have an increasing role to play in maintaining European supplies of concreting aggregates as well as material for beach nourishment and constructional fill. The distribution of sand and gravel resources offshore is uneven. They vary in their thickness, their composition and grading, and their proximity to the shore. Many

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23

Karyati, Karyati, Sri Sarminah, Karmini Karmini, Ali Muhammad Akbar, and Rifaldi Hermansyah. "Conservation and economic aspects of a combination of forestry-agricultural crops (Neolamarckia cadamba-Phaseolus vulgaris) and terrace systems in different slope classes." SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology 18, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/stjssa.v18i1.47708.

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The utilization of steep lands by planting forestry and agricultural species can provide benefits from soil-water conservation and economic aspects. The combination of planting <em>Neolamarckia cadamba-Phaseolus vulgaris</em> and terrace systems can increase land use values, such as soil conservation, crop production, and farmers’ income. The aim of this study was to analyze silvicultural, hydro-orological, and economic aspects of a combination of forestry-agricultural crops<em> </em>(<em>N. cadamba – P. vulgaris</em>) and terrace systems on two slope classe

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24

Dingwall, Kirsty, Julie Lochrie, and Scott Timpany. "Mount or motte? Recent excavations at Montfode, Ardrossan." Scottish Archaeological Journal 32, no. 2 (October 2010): 121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/saj.2010.0013.

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Montfode Mount near Ardrossan is a monument with an ambiguous interpretation which has been subject to much discussion over the years. The site is a low mound at the end of a broad plateau of flat ground on a raised beach terrace. Recent housing development offered another opportunity to examine the monument's ditches and surroundings. The results cast doubt on previous interpretations of the monument as a medieval motte. Several groups of truncated features were identified in the vicinity, with some forming a probable double-ring roundhouse, and all of the dateable features were Bronze Age. B

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25

Bruni, Elena T., Richard F. Ott, Vincenzo Picotti, Negar Haghipour, Karl W. Wegmann, and Sean F. Gallen. "Stochastic alluvial fan and terrace formation triggered by a high-magnitude Holocene landslide in the Klados Gorge, Crete." Earth Surface Dynamics 9, no. 4 (July 28, 2021): 771–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurf-9-771-2021.

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Abstract. Alluvial fan and terrace formation is traditionally interpreted as a fluvial system response to Quaternary climate oscillations under the backdrop of slow and steady tectonic activity. However, several recent studies challenge this conventional wisdom, showing that such landforms can evolve rapidly as a geomorphic system responds to catastrophic and stochastic events, like large-magnitude mass wasting. Here, we contribute to this topic through a detailed field, geochronological, and numerical modelling investigation of thick (>50 m) alluvial sequences in the Klados catchment in so

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26

Kováč, Michal, Jozef Hók, Jozef Minár, Rastislav Vojtko, Miroslav Bielik, Radovan Pipík, Miloš Rakús, Ján Kráľ, Martin Šujan, and Silvia Králiková. "Neogene and Quaternary development of the Turiec Basin and landscape in its catchment: a tentative mass balance model." Geologica Carpathica 62, no. 4 (August 1, 2011): 361–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10096-011-0027-6.

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Neogene and Quaternary development of the Turiec Basin and landscape in its catchment: a tentative mass balance modelThe development of the Turiec Basin and landscape evolution in its catchment has been reconstructed by methods of geological research (structural geology, sedimentology, paleoecology, and geochronological data) as well as by geophysics and geomorphology. The basin and its surrounding mountains were a subject of a mass balance study during periods of tectonic activity, accompanied by considerable altitudinal differentiation of relief and also during quiet periods, characterized b

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Kaszycki, Christine A. "A model for glacial and proglacial sedimentation in the shield terrane of southern Ontario." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 24, no. 12 (December 1, 1987): 2373–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e87-223.

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Zonal stagnation is an important element in the regional style of deglaciation in areas of moderate bedrock relief (50–150 m), such as the shield terrane of southern Ontario. Bedrock topography played a major role in the stagnation process, as ice blocks were trapped within bedrock basins of all sizes. Stagnation occurred subglacially as the ice sheet thinned and trapped basal ice became increasingly isolated from its source. Sediment–landform relationships support this model. Bedrock lakes are floored by highly faulted laminated sediment, often displaying large ice-block casts. The dominant d

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Puy, Arnald, Andrea L. Balbo, and Olaf Bubenzer. "Radiocarbon Dating of Agrarian Terraces by Means of Buried Soils." Radiocarbon 58, no. 2 (January 19, 2016): 345–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2015.21.

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AbstractSoils buried under terrace fills have been widely used to date the construction of ancient agrarian terraces. The reliability of the obtained radiocarbon dates entirely depends on the degree of preservation and isolation of the Ab horizons and on the amount of embedded older carbon. To assess these caveats, we analyzed 14 14C dates (11 on charred material and 3 on the bulk organic fraction) obtained from buried soils under Andalusi terrace fills in Ricote, Spain (AD 711–1492). The preservation of Ab horizons was assessed through bulk analyses [particle size distribution (PSD), carbon a

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Paudel, Mukunda Raj, and Harutaka Sakai. "Stratigraphy and depositional environment of late Pleistocene Sunakothi Formation in Kathmandu Basin, central Nepal." Journal of Nepal Geological Society 39 (September 25, 2009): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngs.v39i0.31486.

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Thick sandy sequences were recognised between the central and southern part of the basin, it was named as the Sunakothi Formation. We designate the type locality of this formation at Sunakothi, a village lying 3.0 km south of Patan. This formation is extensively distributed in the Nakhu, Kodku, and Godavari Kholas ranging in altitude from ca 1420 m in the southern margin to 1300 m in the central part. The average thickness of this formation ranges from 34 to 60 m. The sedimentary strata are gently inclined towards the north. On the basis of geological mapping this formation is located between

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Hatem, Alexandra E., James F. Dolan, Robert W. Zinke, Robert M. Langridge, Christopher P. McGuire, Edward J. Rhodes, Nathan Brown, and Russell J. Van Dissen. "Holocene to latest Pleistocene incremental slip rates from the east-central Hope fault (Conway segment) at Hossack Station, Marlborough fault system, South Island, New Zealand: Towards a dated path of earthquake slip along a plate boundary fault." Geosphere 16, no. 6 (October 27, 2020): 1558–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/ges02263.1.

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Abstract Geomorphic field and aerial lidar mapping, coupled with fault-parallel trenching, reveals four progressive offsets of a stream channel and an older offset of the channel headwaters and associated fill terrace–bedrock contact at Hossack Station along the Conway segment of the Hope fault, the fastest-slipping fault within the Marlborough fault system in northern South Island, New Zealand. Radiocarbon and luminescence dating of aggradational surface deposition and channel initiation and abandonment event horizons yields not only an average dextral rate of ∼15 mm/yr since ca. 14 ka, but a

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Mustafa, Hisham Khalil. "An Insight to the Sedimentological Developments of Quaternary Detritus Ring Fluvial Network, Altun Kupri Paleolake, NE IRAQ." Iraqi Geological Journal 54, no. 2B (August 31, 2021): 122–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.46717/igj.54.2b.11ms-2021-08-31.

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During the Quaternary, an active basin in the shape of open lake originated along the Lesser Zab river at Altun Kupri area. The radial complex of fluvial deposit morphologically initiated by the coarse detritus material, that were transported by the Lesser Zab river and other surrounded valleys in a shape of delta towards the proximal part of coastal plain and the fine sediment to the distal part of it. The coarse one prograde along the fine gradually resulting in the accumulation of about 60 m thickness of continuous Pleistocene fluvial succession mostly of coarse grained sediments with minor

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Martin, Charles W. "Late Holocene Alluvial Chronology and Climate Change in the Central Great Plains." Quaternary Research 37, no. 3 (May 1992): 315–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(92)90069-u.

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AbstractAlluvium in one reach of the Republican River valley, south-central Nebraska, dates to the Holocene. Radiocarbon dating of fills underlying the two terraces in the valley reveals that entrenchment between 4500 and 3700 yr B.P. formed the high terrace. Subsequently, alternating aggradation and stability occurred until sometime between 1800 and 1100 yr B.P. Following another period of alluviation, channel incision formed the low terrace. General synchrony between this chronology and other late Holocene fluvial chronologies of the central Great Plains suggests climatic control of fluvial

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Panno, Samuel V., B. Brandon Curry, Hong Wang, Keith C. Hackley, Chao-Li Liu, Craig Lundstrom та Juanzuo Zhou. "Climate change in southern Illinois, USA, based on the age and δ13C of organic matter in cave sediments". Quaternary Research 61, № 3 (травень 2004): 301–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2004.01.003.

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Matrix-supported diamicton and uniform to laminated, silty, fine-grained sediment deposited from about 42,500 to 27,600 cal yr B.P. under slackwater conditions nearly filled two caves in southwestern Illinois. At some point, most of the sediment was flushed from the caves and from about 22,700 to 4000 cal yr B.P. floods deposited a drape of sandy and silty sediment on remnant slackwater successions, cobbly alluvium, and bedrock (especially from 7700 to 4000 cal yr B.P.). Clay mineral analyses of the slackwater cave sediment reveal a provenance of chiefly Petersburg Silt, a smectite- and illite

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34

Cai, Xiao Guang, Jing Shan Bo, Ka Mai Toshitaka, Fa Wu Wang, and Ju Wen Li. "Seismic Damage Investigation of Residential Fill Ground in the Eastern Part of Kyoto Basin." Applied Mechanics and Materials 256-259 (December 2012): 2200–2206. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.256-259.2200.

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Abstract (sommario):

Several earthquakes record that the residential fills always suffer severe damages. In order to know the seismic damage mechanism and evaluate the damage extent of residential fill ground, research is carried out on two fill grounds in the eastern part of Kyoto basin. The research includes field survey about terrain condition, geological condition, development history, disaster condition during 1995 Kobe earthquake and surface wave explorations. Some remarkable conclusions are summarized as follows: In Jyodo-ji area, it is a residential fill on soft alluvium ground. The geological condition is

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35

Struik, L. C., P. Schiarizza, M. J. Orchard, F. Cordey, H. Sano, D. G. MacIntyre, H. Lapierre, and M. Tardy. "Imbricate architecture of the upper Paleozoic to Jurassic oceanic Cache Creek Terrane, central British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 38, no. 4 (April 1, 2001): 495–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e00-117.

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Abstract (sommario):

Upper Paleozoic to Lower Jurassic oceanic rocks of the Cache Creek Terrane near Fort St. James, in central British Columbia, form a stack of thrust sheets cut by steeply dipping strike-slip faults. Paleontologically dated upper Paleozoic strata include bioclastic shallow-water limestone and ribbon chert. Isotopically dated Permian rocks consist of tonalite sills and stocks and rhyolite flows intercalated with basalt flows. Paleontologically dated lower Mesozoic rocks include greywacke, sandstone, siltstone, argillite, ribbon chert, conglomerate, limestone, and basalt tuff. Trembleur Ultramafit

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36

Lewin, John, Mark G. Macklin, and Jamie C. Woodward. "Late Quaternary Fluvial Sedimentation in the Voidomatis Basin, Epirus, Northwest Greece." Quaternary Research 35, no. 1 (January 1991): 103–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(91)90098-p.

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Abstract (sommario):

AbstractDetailed morpho- and lithostratigraphic investigations, allied with radiometric dating, in the Voidomatis basin, Epirus, northwest Greece, have identified four Quaternary terraced alluvial fills that range from middle Pleistocene to historic in age. Major-periods of alluviation during the late Quaternary were associated with valley glaciation (ca. 26,000–20,000 yr B.P.) and subsequent deglaciation (ca. 20,000–15,000 yr B.P.) in the Pindus Mountains during Late Würmian times, and more recently linked to overgrazing sometime before the 11th century AD. The late Quaternary alluvial strati

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37

Rius, Gemma, Narcis Mestres, Osamu Eryu, and Philippe Godignon. "Tuning the Terrace and Step Stability of 6H-SiC (0001) for Graphene Film Deposition." Materials Science Forum 821-823 (June 2015): 953–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.821-823.953.

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Abstract (sommario):

Graphene is a 2D material with potential for almost any purpose, thanks to a combination of excellent characteristics, e.g. high electrical conductivity. Graphene grown on SiC wafers is one of the promising routes for graphene integration into planar technology electronic applications. Synthesis is based on the decomposition of a SiC single crystal surface at high temperature, where Si-terminated SiC substrates require the formation of the C buffer layer. In spite of numerous experimental and theoretical works the understanding and control upon crucial factors such as step and terrace stabilit

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38

Smith, Rhonda J. "(380) The Effect of Kaolin Clay-based Particle Film Applications and Canopy Manipulations on Fruit Composition and Incidence of Cluster Damage due to Sunburn in `Cabernet Sauvignon' Grapevines." HortScience 40, no. 4 (July 2005): 1068D—1068. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1068d.

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Abstract (sommario):

The effect of sunlight exposure on yield, fruit composition, amount of damaged clusters, and berry temperature was evaluated in a terraced, hillside `Cabernet Sauvignon' vineyard on the north coast of California. Each terrace contained two vine rows identified as “inside” and “outside” relative to the terrace surface. The standard canopy management practice of removing lateral shoots from below the clusters was imposed with three modifications (“umbrella”, “fogger”, and “umbrella+fogger”) and an unmodified control. Applications of a kaolin-based particle film were made to unmodified canopies a

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39

Cheng, Jian Long, and Hang Fu. "Height Control Measures of Highway Subgrade Fill in Xinjiang Plain Terrain." Applied Mechanics and Materials 368-370 (August 2013): 1366–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.368-370.1366.

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Abstract (sommario):

By analyzing problems of highway subgrade fill height in Xinjiang plain terrain, this paper subdivided plain terrain types and proposed corresponding height control measures of subgrade fill based on features of different subtypes, which provides useful reference to similar engineering in plain terrain.

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40

Monnier, Gérard. "La file d’attente." Terrain, no. 63 (September 1, 2014): 72–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/terrain.15503.

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41

Shtansky, D. V., S. A. Kulinich, K. Terashima, T. Yoshida, and Y. Ikuhara. "Crystallography and structural evolution of LiNbO3 and LiNb1−xTaxO3 films on sapphire prepared by high-rate thermal plasma spray chemical vapor deposition." Journal of Materials Research 16, no. 8 (August 2001): 2271–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2001.0312.

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Abstract (sommario):

The structure and the crystallography of lithium niobate and lithium niobate–tantalate thin films (0.2–1.0 μm in thickness) with the tantalum composition range of 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5 grown on (0001) sapphire substrate by thermal plasma spray chemical vapor deposition have been studied by means of cross-sectional high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. The tantalum composition in the films shows a minor effect on the rocking curve full width at half maximum values. The narrowest rocking curve width was obtained for the LiNb0.5Ta0.5O3 film to be as low as 0.25° θ. The fil

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42

Krakow, William. "The Structure of Thin Gold Films at the Early Stage of Continuous Film Growth." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 1 (August 12, 1990): 18–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100178847.

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Abstract (sommario):

The use of a transmission electron microscope to observe surface structure of thin films has been demonstrated in recent years by diffraction contrast imaging to ∼ 10Å resolution using the forbidden reflections of [111] Au and at atomic resolution using bright-field phase contrast on both [001] and [111] oriented Au films. It has also been possible to demonstrate that beyond a minimum thickness, these films can be free standing and viewed in the microscope without significant modification due to the incident electron beam generating sputtering events at high beam currents. It is therefore now

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43

Tornatore, Jean-Louis. "La dette des fils." Terrain, no. 50 (March 2, 2008): 140–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/terrain.9293.

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44

Kleinspehn, Karen L. "Cretaceous sedimentation and tectonics, Tyaughton–Methow Basin, southwestern British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 22, no. 2 (February 1, 1985): 154–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e85-014.

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Abstract (sommario):

The Mesozoic Tyaughton–Methow Basin straddles the Fraser–Yalakom–Pasayten – Straight Creek (FYPSC) strike-slip fault zone between six tectono-stratigraphic terranes in southwestern British Columbia. Data from Hauterivian–Cenomanian basin fill provide constraints for reconstruction of fault displacement and paleogeography.The Early Cretaceous eastern margin of the basin was a region of uplifted Jurassic plutons and active intermediate volcanism. Detritus shed southwestward from that margin was deposited as the marine Jackass Mountain Group. Albian inner to mid-fan facies of the Jackass Mountain

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45

Watson, Sybil, Mark G. Macklin, and John Lewin. "Terraced fills in the Rheidol Valley, Wales." Journal of Quaternary Science 2, no. 2 (1987): 165–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3390020209.

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46

Gill, David W. J. "The Temple Of Aphaia On Aegina: Further Thoughts On The Date Of The Reconstruction." Annual of the British School at Athens 88 (November 1993): 173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068245400590005.

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Abstract (sommario):

The publication of further ceramic material from the terrace fills surrounding the temple of Aphaia on Aegina brings into question the present date assigned to the reconstruction by the excavation team. The cumulative effect of black-figured, red-figured, and black-glossed pottery, as well as lamps and amphorae from the terrace fills, seems to indicate that the temple may be later than the Persian wars. Much of the late material finds parallels from contexts in the Athenian Agora which are usually thought, on the conventional chronology, to date from the time of the Persian wars. If the revise

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47

Innes, James, Wishart Mitchell, Charlotte O’Brien, David Roberts, Mairead Rutherford, and David Bridgland. "A Detailed Record of Deglacial and Early Post-Glacial Fluvial Evolution: The River Ure in North Yorkshire, UK." Quaternary 4, no. 1 (March 8, 2021): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/quat4010009.

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Abstract (sommario):

The lower reaches of the River Ure, on the flanks of the Pennine Hills in northern England, contain sedimentary and erosional landforms that are a record of fluvial activity during deglaciation and valley-glacier retreat at the end of the last (Devensian) glacial period, and in the subsequent post-glacial Holocene. Terraces and channels, most of which are now relict features well above the altitude of the present river, attest to the impacts of massive meltwater discharge and deposition of sand and gravel outwash, and dynamic river regimes with rapid incision. Through field survey, we have cre

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48

Uchiyama, Hirokazu, Yuko Ogawa, Hiroyuki Kita, and Hideki Kuwajima. "Migration test of thin film PZT actuator with terrace structure." Proceedings of the JSME annual meeting 2003.5 (2003): 291–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecjo.2003.5.0_291.

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49

Ramírez Gómez, Carmen. "Crébillon Fils, terra incógnita en el panorama literario francés del siglo XVIII." Philologia Hispalensis 1, no. 7 (1992): 215–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/ph.1992.v07.i01.18.

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50

Kumar, Anil, and Pradeep Srivastava. "The role of climate and tectonics in aggradation and incision of the Indus River in the Ladakh Himalaya during the late Quaternary." Quaternary Research 87, no. 3 (May 2017): 363–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qua.2017.19.

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Abstract (sommario):

AbstractThe geomorphic evolution of the upper Indus River that traverses across the southwest (SW) edge of Tibet, and the Ladakh and Zanskar ranges, was examined along a ~350-km-long stretch of its reaches. Based on the longitudinal river profile, stream length gradient index, and river/strath terraces, this stretch of the river is divided into four segments. Valley fill river terraces are ubiquitous, and strath terraces occur in the lower reaches where the Indus River cuts through deformed Indus Molasse. Optically stimulated luminescence ages of river/strath terraces suggest that valley aggra

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