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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Flood estimation (Australia)"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 20 febbraio 2023

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1

Hasanzadeh Nafari, R., T. Ngo, and W. Lehman. "Results comparison and model validation for flood loss functions in Australian geographical conditions." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions 3, no. 6 (June 12, 2015): 3823–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhessd-3-3823-2015.

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Abstract. Rapid urbanisation, climate change and unsustainable developments are increasing the risk of floods, namely flood frequency and intensity. Flood is a frequent natural hazard that has significant financial consequences for Australia. The emergency response system in Australia is very successful and has saved many lives over the years. However, the preparedness for natural disaster impacts in terms of loss reduction and damage mitigation has been less successful. This study aims to quantify the direct physical damage to residential structures that are prone to flood phenomena in Austra

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2

Hasanzadeh Nafari, R., T. Ngo, and W. Lehman. "Calibration and validation of FLFA<sub>rs</sub> -- a new flood loss function for Australian residential structures." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 16, no. 1 (January 18, 2016): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-15-2016.

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Abstract. Rapid urbanisation, climate change and unsustainable developments are increasing the risk of floods. Flood is a frequent natural hazard that has significant financial consequences for Australia. The emergency response system in Australia is very successful and has saved many lives over the years. However, the preparedness for natural disaster impacts in terms of loss reduction and damage mitigation has been less successful. In this paper, a newly derived flood loss function for Australian residential structures (FLFArs) has been presented and calibrated by using historic data collect

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3

Haddad, Khaled, and Ataur Rahman. "Development of a Large Flood Regionalisation Model Considering Spatial Dependence—Application to Ungauged Catchments in Australia." Water 11, no. 4 (April 1, 2019): 677. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11040677.

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Estimation of large floods is imperative in planning and designing large hydraulic structures. Due to the limited availability of observed flood data, estimating the frequencies of large floods requires significant extrapolation beyond the available data. This paper presents the development of a large flood regionalisation model (LFRM) based on observed flood data. The LFRM assumes that the maximum observed flood data over a large number of sites in a region can be pooled together by accounting for the at-site variations in the mean and coefficient of variation. The LFRM is enhanced by adding

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4

Wu, Wenyan, Seth Westra, and Michael Leonard. "Estimating the probability of compound floods in estuarine regions." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 25, no. 5 (May 26, 2021): 2821–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2821-2021.

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Abstract. The quantification of flood risk in estuarine regions relies on accurate estimation of flood probability, which is often challenging due to the rareness of hazardous flood events and their multi-causal (or “compound”) nature. Failure to consider the compounding nature of estuarine floods can lead to significant underestimation of flood risk in these regions. This study provides a comparative review of alternative approaches for estuarine flood estimation – namely, traditional univariate flood frequency analysis applied to both observed historical data and simulated data, as well as m

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5

Zalnezhad, Amir, Ataur Rahman, Nastaran Nasiri, Mehdi Vafakhah, Bijan Samali, and Farhad Ahamed. "Comparing Performance of ANN and SVM Methods for Regional Flood Frequency Analysis in South-East Australia." Water 14, no. 20 (October 20, 2022): 3323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14203323.

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Design flood estimations at ungauged catchments are a challenging task in hydrology. Regional flood frequency analysis (RFFA) is widely used for this purpose. This paper develops artificial intelligence (AI)-based RFFA models (artificial neural networks (ANN) and support vector machine (SVM)) using data from 181 gauged catchments in South-East Australia. Based on an independent testing, it is found that the ANN method outperforms the SVM (the relative error values for the ANN model range 33–54% as compared to 37–64% for the SVM). The ANN and SVM models generate more accurate flood quantiles fo

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6

Loveridge, Melanie, and Ataur Rahman. "Effects of Probability-Distributed Losses on Flood Estimates Using Event-Based Rainfall-Runoff Models." Water 13, no. 15 (July 27, 2021): 2049. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13152049.

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Probability distributions of initial losses are investigated using a large dataset of catchments throughout Australia. The variability in design flood estimates caused by probability-distributed initial losses and associated uncertainties are investigated. Based on historic data sets in Australia, the Gamma and Beta distributions are found to be suitable for describing initial loss data. It has also been found that the central tendency of probability-distributed initial loss is more important in design flood estimation than the form of the probability density function. Findings from this study

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7

Khan, Zaved, Ataur Rahman, and Fazlul Karim. "An Assessment of Uncertainties in Flood Frequency Estimation Using Bootstrapping and Monte Carlo Simulation." Hydrology 10, no. 1 (January 10, 2023): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrology10010018.

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Reducing uncertainty in design flood estimates is an essential part of flood risk planning and management. This study presents results from flood frequency estimates and associated uncertainties for five commonly used probability distribution functions, extreme value type 1 (EV1), generalized extreme value (GEV), generalized pareto distribution (GPD), log normal (LN) and log Pearson type 3 (LP3). The study was conducted using Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) and bootstrapping (BS) methods for the 10 river catchments in eastern Australia. The parameters were estimated by applying the method of mome

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8

Loveridge, Melanie, Ataur Rahman, and Peter Hill. "Applicability of a physically based soil water model (SWMOD) in design flood estimation in eastern Australia." Hydrology Research 48, no. 6 (December 28, 2016): 1652–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2016.118.

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Abstract Event-based rainfall–runoff models are useful tools for hydrologic design. Of the many loss models, the ‘initial loss-continuing loss’ model is widely adopted in practice. Some of the key limitations with these types of loss models include the arbitrary selection of initial moisture (IM) conditions and lack of physically meaningful parameters. This paper investigates the applicability of a physically based soil water balance model (SWMOD) with distributed IM conditions for flood modelling. Four catchments from the east coast of New South Wales, Australia, are modelled. The IM content

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9

Wahalathantri, Buddhi, Weena Lokuge, Warna Karunasena, and Sujeeva Setunge. "Quantitative assessment of flood discharges and floodway failures through cross-cultivation of advancement in knowledge and traditional practices." International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment 9, no. 4/5 (November 16, 2018): 435–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-09-2017-0051.

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Purpose The 2011 and 2013 Queensland, Australia flood events caused massive infrastructure damage for low-level stream crossings such as floodways and culverts in regional Queensland. Failures of newly built floodways during the 2013 Queensland flood event in the Lockyer Valley Regional Council area raised significant concerns with respect to floodway design practices adopted in Australia and attracted significant research interest to enhance the resilience of floodways. Review of existing floodway design guidelines indicates that floodway design process is closely related to hydraulic and hyd

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10

Franks, S. W., C. J. White, and M. Gensen. "Estimating extreme flood events – assumptions, uncertainty and error." Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 369 (June 11, 2015): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-369-31-2015.

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Abstract. Hydrological extremes are amongst the most devastating forms of natural disasters both in terms of lives lost and socio-economic impacts. There is consequently an imperative to robustly estimate the frequency and magnitude of hydrological extremes. Traditionally, engineers have employed purely statistical approaches to the estimation of flood risk. For example, for an observed hydrological timeseries, each annual maximum flood is extracted and a frequency distribution is fit to these data. The fitted distribution is then extrapolated to provide an estimate of the required design risk

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11

Gamage, S. H. P. W., G. A. Hewa, and S. Beecham. "Probability distributions for explaining hydrological losses in South Australian catchments." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 10, no. 4 (April 10, 2013): 4597–626. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-4597-2013.

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Abstract. The wide variability of hydrological losses in catchments is due to multiple variables that affect the rainfall-runoff process. Accurate estimation of hydrological losses is required for making vital decisions in design applications that are based on design rainfall models and rainfall-runoff models. Using representative single values of losses, despite their wide variability, is common practice, especially in Australian studies. This practice leads to issues such as over or under estimation of design floods. Probability distributions can be used as a better representation of losses.

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12

Ratnayake, Dinesh C., Guna A. Hewa, and David J. Kemp. "Challenges in Quantifying Losses in a Partly Urbanised Catchment: A South Australian Case Study." Water 14, no. 8 (April 18, 2022): 1313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14081313.

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Quantifying hydrological losses in a catchment is crucial for developing an effective flood forecasting system and estimating design floods. This can be a complicated and challenging task when the catchment is urbanised as the interaction of pervious and impervious (both directly connected and indirectly connected) areas makes responses to rainfall hard to predict. This paper presents the challenges faced in estimating initial losses (IL) and proportional losses (PL) of the partly urbanised Brownhill Creek catchment in South Australia. The loss components were calculated for 57 runoff generati

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13

Haddad, Khaled, and Ataur Rahman. "Regional Flood Estimation in New South Wales Australia Using Generalized Least Squares Quantile Regression." Journal of Hydrologic Engineering 16, no. 11 (November 2011): 920–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)he.1943-5584.0000395.

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14

Aziz, K., M. M. Haque, A. Rahman, A. Y. Shamseldin, and M. Shoaib. "Flood estimation in ungauged catchments: application of artificial intelligence based methods for Eastern Australia." Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment 31, no. 6 (June 6, 2016): 1499–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00477-016-1272-0.

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15

Noor, Farhana, Orpita U. Laz, Khaled Haddad, Mohammad A. Alim, and Ataur Rahman. "Comparison between Quantile Regression Technique and Generalised Additive Model for Regional Flood Frequency Analysis: A Case Study for Victoria, Australia." Water 14, no. 22 (November 11, 2022): 3627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14223627.

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For design flood estimation in ungauged catchments, Regional Flood Frequency Analysis (RFFA) is commonly used. Most of the RFFA methods are primarily based on linear modelling approaches, which do not account for the inherent nonlinearity of rainfall-runoff processes. Using data from 114 catchments in Victoria, Australia, this study employs the Generalised Additive Model (GAM) in RFFA and compares the results with linear method known as Quantile Regression Technique (QRT). The GAM model performance is found to be better for smaller return periods (i.e., 2, 5 and 10 years) with a median relativ

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16

Franks, S. W. "Multi-decadal climate variability, New South Wales, Australia." Water Science and Technology 49, no. 7 (April 1, 2004): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0437.

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Traditional hydrological risk estimation has treated the observations of hydro-climatological extremes as being independent and identically distributed, implying a static climate risk. However, recent research has highlighted the persistence of multi-decadal epochs of distinct climate states across New South Wales (NSW), Australia. Climatological studies have also revealed multi-decadal variability in the magnitude and frequency of El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) impacts. In this paper, examples of multi-decadal variability are presented with regard to flood and drought risk. The causal me

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17

Flatley, Alissa, and Ian Rutherfurd. "Comparison of Regionalisation Techniques for Peak Streamflow Estimation in Small Catchments in the Pilbara, Australia." Hydrology 9, no. 10 (September 24, 2022): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrology9100165.

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Arid and semi-arid regions typically lack high-resolution river gauging data causing difficulties in understanding rainfall-runoff patterns. A common predictive method for discharge estimation within ungauged catchments is regional flood frequency estimation (RFFE), deriving peak discharge estimates from similar, gauged catchments and applying them to the catchment of interest. The majority of RFFE equations are developed for larger catchments where flow events may be larger and of greater interest. We test a series of RFFE methods derived for the Pilbara region, applying them to new ungauged

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18

Zhang, Yongqiang, and David Post. "How good are hydrological models for gap-filling streamflow data?" Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 22, no. 8 (August 30, 2018): 4593–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-4593-2018.

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Abstract. Gap-filling streamflow data is a critical step for most hydrological studies, such as streamflow trend, flood, and drought analysis and hydrological response variable estimates and predictions. However, there is a lack of quantitative evaluation of the gap-filled data accuracy in most hydrological studies. Here we show that when the missing data rate is less than 10 %, the gap-filled streamflow data obtained using calibrated hydrological models perform almost the same as the benchmark data (less than 1 % missing) when estimating annual trends for 217 unregulated catchments widely spr

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19

Aziz, K., Sohail Rai, and A. Rahman. "Design flood estimation in ungauged catchments using genetic algorithm-based artificial neural network (GAANN) technique for Australia." Natural Hazards 77, no. 2 (February 10, 2015): 805–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-015-1625-x.

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20

Caballero, Wilfredo Llacer, and Ataur Rahman. "Application of Monte Carlo simulation technique for flood estimation for two catchments in New South Wales, Australia." Natural Hazards 74, no. 3 (May 31, 2014): 1475–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-014-1251-z.

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21

Caballero, Wilfredo Llacer, and Ataur Rahman. "Development of regionalized joint probability approach to flood estimation: a case study for Eastern New South Wales, Australia." Hydrological Processes 28, no. 13 (July 11, 2013): 4001–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.9919.

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22

Mojtahedi, Mohammad, and Bee Lan Oo. "Built Infrastructure Conditions Mediate the Relationship between Stakeholders Attributes and Flood Damage: An Empirical Case Study." Sustainability 13, no. 17 (August 30, 2021): 9739. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13179739.

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Most of the previous research has tended to focus on the impact of flood characteristics on built infrastructure damage rather than to investigate the condition of the infrastructure and stakeholders’ capacity to manage flood risks. The role of stakeholder attributes, such as the power, legitimacy, and urgency of local governments, in reducing the impact of disasters on built infrastructure remains ambiguous. Stakeholders’ organizational attributes, together with socio-economic and built infrastructure conditions, need to be considered to provide a better understanding of how to reduce disaste

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23

Haddad, Khaled, and Ataur Rahman. "Selection of the best fit flood frequency distribution and parameter estimation procedure: a case study for Tasmania in Australia." Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment 25, no. 3 (July 10, 2010): 415–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00477-010-0412-1.

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24

Charalambous, James, Ataur Rahman, and Don Carroll. "Application of Monte Carlo Simulation Technique to Design Flood Estimation: A Case Study for North Johnstone River in Queensland, Australia." Water Resources Management 27, no. 11 (July 5, 2013): 4099–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11269-013-0398-9.

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Shi, Zhuolin, Qianqian Chen, and Chang Huang. "The Influence of River Morphology on the Remote Sensing Based Discharge Estimation: Implications for Satellite Virtual Gauge Establishment." Water 14, no. 23 (November 26, 2022): 3854. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14233854.

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Monitoring of river discharge is a key process for water resources management, soil and water conservation, climate change, water cycling, flood or drought warning, agriculture and transportation, especially for the sustainable development of rivers and their surrounding ecological environment. Continuous and comprehensive discharge monitoring was usually impossible before, due to sparse gauges and gauge deactivation. Satellite remote sensing provides an advanced approach for estimating and monitoring river discharge at regional or even global scales. River morphology is generally considered t

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Glamore, William, and Buddhima Indraratna. "A two-stage decision support tool for restoring tidal flows to flood mitigation drains affected by acid sulfate soil: case study of Broughton Creek floodplain, New South Wales, Australia." Soil Research 42, no. 6 (2004): 639. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr03166.

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A 2-stage flood estimation and water quality decision support tool (DST) was developed, calibrated, and applied to a field site in south-eastern New South Wales (NSW) to simulate tidal restoration in a flood mitigation drain affected by acid sulfate soils leachate. The first stage of the DST employs a digital terrain map, geographic information tools, and measured water levels to calculate drain water overtopping due to tidal variations. Simulations using the GIS technique at the study site indicated that the primary drainage network can safely contain full tidal flushing (0.91 m AHD or a 58%

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27

Yilmaz, A. G., I. Hossain, and B. J. C. Perera. "Effect of climate change and variability on extreme rainfall intensity–frequency–duration relationships: a case study of Melbourne." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 18, no. 10 (October 15, 2014): 4065–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-4065-2014.

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Abstract. The increased frequency and magnitude of extreme rainfall events due to anthropogenic climate change, and decadal and multi-decadal climate variability question the stationary climate assumption. The possible violation of stationarity in climate can cause erroneous estimation of design rainfalls derived from extreme rainfall frequency analysis. This may result in significant consequences for infrastructure and flood protection projects since design rainfalls are essential input for design of these projects. Therefore, there is a need to conduct frequency analysis of extreme rainfall

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Yilmaz, A. G., I. Hossain, and B. J. C. Perera. "Effect of climate change and variability on extreme rainfall intensity–frequency–duration relationships: a case study of Melbourne." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 11, no. 6 (June 16, 2014): 6311–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-11-6311-2014.

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Abstract. The increased frequency and magnitude of extreme rainfall events due to anthropogenic climate change, and decadal and multi-decadal climate variability question the stationary climate assumption. The possible violation of stationarity in climate can cause erroneous estimation of design rainfalls derived from extreme rainfall frequency analysis. This may result in significant consequences for infrastructure and flood protection projects since design rainfalls are essential input for design of these projects. Therefore, there is a need to conduct frequency analysis of extreme rainfall

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29

Newby, M., S. W. Franks, and C. J. White. "Estimating urban flood risk – uncertainty in design criteria." Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 370 (June 11, 2015): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-370-3-2015.

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Abstract. The design of urban stormwater infrastructure is generally performed assuming that climate is static. For engineering practitioners, stormwater infrastructure is designed using a peak flow method, such as the Rational Method as outlined in the Australian Rainfall and Runoff (AR&amp;R) guidelines and estimates of design rainfall intensities. Changes to Australian rainfall intensity design criteria have been made through updated releases of the AR&amp;R77, AR&amp;R87 and the recent 2013 AR&amp;R Intensity Frequency Distributions (IFDs). The primary focus of this study i

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Franks, S. W. "Identification of a change in climate state using regional flood data." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 6, no. 1 (February 28, 2002): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-6-11-2002.

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Abstract. Flood frequency analysis typically assumes that annual floods arise from a single distribution and are independent. However, there is significant evidence for the existence of persistent climate modes. Timescales associated with climate variability range from inter-annual through to longer, multi-decadal time scales. In the case of the Australian climate, previous studies of the Indian and Pacific Oceans have indicated marked multi-decadal variability in both mean Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) and typical circulation patterns. In this light, data from 40 stream gauges around New Sou

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Ashouri, Hamed, Kuo-Lin Hsu, Soroosh Sorooshian, Dan K. Braithwaite, Kenneth R. Knapp, L. Dewayne Cecil, Brian R. Nelson, and Olivier P. Prat. "PERSIANN-CDR: Daily Precipitation Climate Data Record from Multisatellite Observations for Hydrological and Climate Studies." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 96, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 69–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-13-00068.1.

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Abstract A new retrospective satellite-based precipitation dataset is constructed as a climate data record for hydrological and climate studies. Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks–Climate Data Record (PERSIANN-CDR) provides daily and 0.25° rainfall estimates for the latitude band 60°S–60°N for the period of 1 January 1983 to 31 December 2012 (delayed present). PERSIANN-CDR is aimed at addressing the need for a consistent, long-term, high-resolution, and global precipitation dataset for studying the changes and trends in daily precipitatio

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Roche, Kevin M., K. John McAneney, Keping Chen, and Ryan P. Crompton. "The Australian Great Flood of 1954: Estimating the Cost of a Similar Event in 2011." Weather, Climate, and Society 5, no. 3 (July 1, 2013): 199–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-12-00018.1.

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Abstract As in many other parts of the globe, migration to the coast and rapid regional development in Australia is resulting in large concentrations of population and insured assets. One of the most rapidly growing regions is southeastern Queensland and northern New South Wales, an area prone to flooding. This study reexamines the Great Flood of 1954 and develops a deterministic methodology to estimate the likely cost if a similar event had occurred in 2011. This cost is estimated using council flood maps, census information, historical observations, and Risk Frontiers' proprietary flood vuln

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Middelmann-Fernandes, M. H. "Flood damage estimation beyond stage-damage functions: an Australian example." Journal of Flood Risk Management 3, no. 1 (March 2010): 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-318x.2009.01058.x.

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Gamage, S. H. P. W., G. A. Hewa, and S. Beecham. "Probability distributions for explaining hydrological losses in South Australian catchments." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 17, no. 11 (November 15, 2013): 4541–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-4541-2013.

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Abstract. Accurate estimation of hydrological losses is required for making vital decisions in design applications that are based on design rainfall models and rainfall–runoff models. The use of representative single values of hydrological losses, despite their wide variability, is common practice, especially in Australian studies. This practice leads to issues such as over or under estimation of design floods. The probability distribution method is potentially a better technique to describe losses. However, a lack of understanding of how losses are distributed can limit the use of this techni

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Loveridge, Melanie, and Ataur Rahman. "Monte Carlo simulation for design flood estimation: a review of Australian practice." Australasian Journal of Water Resources 22, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 52–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13241583.2018.1453979.

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Callaghan, David P., and Michael G. Hughes. "Assessing flood hazard changes using climate model forcing." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 22, no. 8 (August 1, 2022): 2459–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-2459-2022.

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Abstract. A modelling framework for using regional climate projections to assess flooding hazard has been developed and applied to the Gwydir River (catchment 26 600 km2 and floodplain 8100 km2), NSW, Australia. The model framework uses NSW and ACT Regional Climate Modelling version 1.5 projections combined with computationally efficient hydrologic and hydraulic models. Although it required model management and high-performance computing resources, the modelling framework successfully processed 18 regional climate projections into flood projections. Specifically, a six-member set of climate mo

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Smith, Ian, and Clive McAlpine. "Estimating future changes in flood risk: Case study of the Brisbane River, Australia." Climate Risk Management 6 (2014): 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crm.2014.11.002.

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Samat, S. R., N. Othman, and N. F. M. Zaidi. "The Development of Rainfall Temporal Pattern for Kuantan River Basin." International Journal of Engineering Technology and Sciences 5, no. 2 (October 1, 2018): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/ijets.v5i2.1376.

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One of the design rainfall event used in flood estimation is rainfall temporal pattern that gives the proportion of total rainfall in different periods within a given duration. The study focuses on developing a temporal rainfall pattern for the Kuantan River Basin in Pahang. According to Urban Stormwater Manual Second Edition (MSMA 2) that used as guideline for designing stormwater in Malaysia, rainfall temporal patterns are divided by region. In this study, the developments of rainfall temporal pattern in Kuantan River Basin are based specifically on rainfall station in this river basin. The

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Hasanzadeh Nafari, Roozbeh, Mattia Amadio, Tuan Ngo, and Jaroslav Mysiak. "Flood loss modelling with FLF-IT: a new flood loss function for Italian residential structures." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 17, no. 7 (July 6, 2017): 1047–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-17-1047-2017.

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Abstract. The damage triggered by different flood events costs the Italian economy millions of euros each year. This cost is likely to increase in the future due to climate variability and economic development. In order to avoid or reduce such significant financial losses, risk management requires tools which can provide a reliable estimate of potential flood impacts across the country. Flood loss functions are an internationally accepted method for estimating physical flood damage in urban areas. In this study, we derived a new flood loss function for Italian residential structures (FLF-IT),

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Reifels, Lennart, Bridget Bassilios, Matthew J. Spittal, Kylie King, Justine Fletcher, and Jane Pirkis. "Patterns and Predictors of Primary Mental Health Service Use Following Bushfire and Flood Disasters." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 9, no. 3 (April 14, 2015): 275–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2015.23.

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AbstractObjectiveTo examine patterns and predictors of primary mental health care service use following 2 major Australian natural disaster events.MethodsUtilizing data from a national minimum dataset, descriptive and regression analyses were conducted to identify levels and predictors of the use of the Access to Allied Psychological Services (ATAPS) program over a 2-year period following 2 major Australian bushfire and flood/cyclone disasters.ResultsThe bushfire disaster resulted in significantly greater and more enduring ATAPS service volume, while service delivery for both disasters peaked

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Macdonald, Ben C. T., Graeme D. Schwenke, Annabelle McPherson, Clarence Mercer, Jonathan Baird, and Gunasekhar Nachimuthu. "Soil water deficit effects on soil inorganic nitrogen in alternate-furrow flood irrigated Australian cotton production systems." Soil Research 60, no. 2 (November 4, 2021): 137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr20223.

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Context Predicting the nitrogen (N) mineralisation from soil organic matter is a key aid to fertiliser decision-making and improving the N fertiliser use efficiency of a crop. Aims and methods Field experiments were conducted to assess the amount of inorganic N derived from soil organic matter mineralisation over two seasons (2017–2018 and 2018–2019) across treatments differing in irrigation frequency and amount. During both seasons, the plant line soil in each treatment was sequentially sampled at each irrigation event. Key results There was an effect of the soil water deficit on the measured

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42

Ali, Noorfathiah Che, Yuliarahmadila Erfen, Nurul Farehah Amat, Zawani Mohd Zahudi, and Mohd Shalahuddin Adnan. "Development of Temporal Rainfall Pattern for Segamat District." Applied Mechanics and Materials 773-774 (July 2015): 1205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.773-774.1205.

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The designing of rainfall temporal pattern is very important in displaying the diversity and intensity of rainfall in addition to flood estimation and planning. The main purpose of this study was to develop a temporal rainfall pattern for Segamat District. Average Variability Method, AVM which had recommended by the Australian Rainfall and Runoff were used to derive design rainfall temporal patterns for this study. The survey data for 5 minute interval from 2003 to 2012 for 4 selected rainfall stations that obtained from the Drainage and Irrigation Department, DID have been selected. In this s

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Timms, W. A., R. R. Young, and N. Huth. "Implications of deep drainage through saline clay for groundwater recharge and sustainable cropping in a semi-arid catchment, Australia." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 8, no. 6 (November 15, 2011): 10053–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-8-10053-2011.

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Abstract. The magnitude and timing of deep drainage and salt leaching through clay soils is a critical issue for dryland agriculture in semi-arid regions (<500 mm yr−1 rainfall), such as parts of Australia's Murray-Darling Basin (MDB). In this unique study, hydrogeological measurements and estimations of the historic water balance of crops grown on overlying Grey Vertosols were combined to estimate the contribution of deep drainage below crop roots to recharge and salinization of shallow groundwater. Soil sampling at two sites on the alluvial flood plain of the Lower Namoi catchment reveale

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Pratiwi, Dheka Shara, Mochamad Teguh, and Widodo Pawirodikromo. "An Implementation of the HAZUS Method for Estimating Potential Damage of Residential Houses at Pacitan Sub-district, East Java, Indonesia due to Earthquake." MATEC Web of Conferences 280 (2019): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201928001008.

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Indonesia is not only known as an archipelago that is rich innatural resources but also known as a disaster-prone country. Because ofits location in four major Eurasian, Indo-Australian, Pacific, and Philippinetectonic plates, natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, landslides, volcanic eruptions, droughts, forest fires, and tsunamis often occurthroughout the region. In 2006, a large earthquake shocked the denselypopulated Yogyakarta Province and its surrounding areas. This earthquakecaused huge fatalities and damaged thousands of buildings andinfrastructures. The Pacitan region is geog

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Timms, W. A., R. R. Young, and N. Huth. "Implications of deep drainage through saline clay for groundwater recharge and sustainable cropping in a semi-arid catchment, Australia." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 16, no. 4 (April 11, 2012): 1203–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-1203-2012.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract. The magnitude and timing of deep drainage and salt leaching through clay soils is a critical issue for dryland agriculture in semi-arid regions (<500 mm yr−1 rainfall, potential evapotranspiration >2000 mm yr−1) such as parts of Australia's Murray-Darling Basin (MDB). In this rare study, hydrogeological measurements and estimations of the historic water balance of crops grown on overlying Grey Vertosols were combined to estimate the contribution of deep drainage below crop roots to recharge and salinization of shallow groundwater. Soil sampling at two sites on the alluvial floo

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46

Kuntjoro, Wedyanto, D. D. Wijaya, A. Pramansyah, Z. A. J. Tanuwijaya, and Dhota Pradipta. "Zenith Wet Delay (ZWD) Seasonal Correlation with Rainfall in Cikapundung River Discharge, North Bandung Region, Indonesia." E3S Web of Conferences 94 (2019): 05004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199405004.

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In a GPS survey study, the biases produced by the ionosphere and troposphere layers are known as ionospheric biases and troposphere bias. The distance deviation due to the slowing travel time of GPS signals in troposphere is commonly referred to as Zenith Tropospheric Delay (ZTD). The magnitude of this ZTD can also be used to characterize and analyze the troposphere conditions around the GPS observation area. This can be done by separating the wet delay component from ZTD, so as to obtain Zenith Wet Delay (ZWD) and dry component so as to obtain Zenith Hydrostatic Delay (ZHD). The total moistur

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Cartwright, I., B. Gilfedder, and H. Hofmann. "Contrasts between chemical and physical estimates of baseflow help discern multiple sources of water contributing to rivers." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 10, no. 5 (May 14, 2013): 5943–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-5943-2013.

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Abstract. This study compares geochemical and physical methods of estimating baseflow in the upper reaches of the Barwon River, southeast Australia. Estimates of baseflow from physical techniques such as local minima and recursive digital filters are higher than those based on chemical mass balance using continuous electrical conductivity (EC). Between 2001 and 2011 the baseflow flux calculated using chemical mass balance is between 1.8 × 103 and 1.5 × 104 ML yr−1 (15 to 25% of the total discharge in any one year) whereas recursive digital filters yield baseflow fluxes of 3.6 × 103 to 3.8 × 10

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Lázaro, Mariano, David Lázaro, Edurne Cortabarria, and Daniel Alvear. "Innovations for smoke management in passenger trains." Journal of Fire Sciences 38, no. 2 (December 24, 2019): 194–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734904119895775.

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Spanish manufacturer Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles developed an innovative alternative for compartmentation, based on a smoke extraction system, to guarantee safe conditions during evacuation processes in a passenger unit. To demonstrate its performance in a train unit, a real-scale experimental programme, supported by the application of fire computer modelling, was applied in a new Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles’ rolling stock. The new smoke exhaust system aims to extract the smoke generated during a fire in the passenger area by exhaust fans of the heating, ventilati

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Dunne, Jarrod C., Greg Beresford, and Brian L. N. Kennett. "Guidelines for building a detailed elastic depth model." GEOPHYSICS 65, no. 1 (January 2000): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444723.

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We developed guidelines for building a detailed elastic depth model by using an elastic synthetic seismogram that matched both prestack and stacked marine seismic data from the Gippsland Basin (Australia). Recomputing this synthetic for systematic variations upon the depth model provided insight into how each part of the model affected the synthetic. This led to the identification of parameters in the depth model that have only a minor influence upon the synthetic and suggested methods for estimating the parameters that are important. The depth coverage of the logging run is of prime importanc

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Minh, Pham Thi, Bui Thi Tuyet, Tran Thi Thu Thao, and Le Thi Thu Hang. "Application of ensemble Kalman filter in WRF model to forecast rainfall on monsoon onset period in South Vietnam." VIETNAM JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES 40, no. 4 (September 18, 2018): 367–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7187/40/4/13134.

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This paper presents some results of rainfall forecast in the monsoon onset period in South Vietnam, with the use of ensemble Kalman filter to assimilate observation data into the initial field of the model. The study of rainfall forecasts are experimented at the time of Southern monsoon outbreaks for 3 years (2005, 2008 and 2009), corresponding to 18 cases. In each case, there are five trials, including satellite wind data assimilation, upper-air sounding data assimilation, mixed data (satellite wind+upper-air sounding data) assimilation and two controlled trials (one single predictive test an

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