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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Foreign economic relations - latin america"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 25 luglio 2024

Ultima modifica: 31 luglio 2025

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1

Yakovleva, Nailya. "LATIN AMERICA IN PORTUGAL'S FOREIGN ECONOMIC STRATEGY." Urgent Problems of Europe, no. 3 (2022): 158–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/ape/2022.03.07.

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The article deals with the current and insufficiently explored issue of Portugal's international relations with Latin American countries. It is shown that after a series of crises, the Portuguese economy managed to reach a growth trajectory, change the image of a European outsider and gain the authority in the world community. Special attention is paid to the current stage of structural modernization, the characteristic of which is the innovatization and digitalization of production processes, the development of high-tech industries. The ongoing changes have led to significant edits in the for

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2

Lopez Garcia, Ana Isabel. "The Myth of 9/11 in Latin America." Cornell Internation Affairs Review 2, no. 1 (2008): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37513/ciar.v2i1.340.

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It is often argued that the first and most visible impact of the terrorist attacks of 9/11 has been the reordering of Washington’s priorities in its relations with Latin America. The United States (U.S.) has focused its attention outside the hemisphere and placed Latin America at the “bottom of U.S. terrorist agenda” (Youngers 2003). Various scholars argue that the U.S has returned to its Cold-War stance, in which it only notices those developments in Latin America that directly challenge U.S. interests (Hakim 2006). Accordingly, after 9/11 U.S. security demands have overshadowed other issues

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Klochkovsky, L. "New World Economic Development Trends and Latin America." World Economy and International Relations 60, no. 4 (2016): 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2016-60-4-48-60.

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There are substantial changes in the evolution of world economy and world economic relations. The growth rates of international trade have diminished two-fold, the prices for oil and other commodities have fallen, and the competition on world markets has sharpened greatly. These new trends complicate fundamentally external conditions for the economic development of peripheral regions, especially Latin America. Latin American countries have reached a phase of considerable economic deceleration. Under these circumstances, there is an urgent need for reconsideration of key conclusions made by som

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4

Molokoedov, Daniil Igorevich, and Syatsin Sun'. "US-China Rivalry in Trade and Economic Relations with Latin American Countries." Конфликтология / nota bene, no. 1 (January 2023): 11–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0617.2023.1.39613.

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This article is devoted to the analysis of trade and economic relations between the United States and China with Latin American countries. This region is a sphere of competitive confrontation between the two countries not only for foreign policy ties, but also for trade and economic ones. The authors in this article show the peculiarities of the bilateral relations between China and the United States with Latin America and describe the process of changing US policy towards Latin America after 2017, when it radically changed after the Trump administration came to power, and Beijing, taking adva

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5

Kim, WonHo, and Yang Dong. "China-Latin America Relations, 2000-2024: A Triangular Dynamic of Opportunities and Challenges." México y la Cuenca del Pacífico 14, no. 41 (2025): 9–37. https://doi.org/10.32870/mycp.v14i41.937.

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This paper examines the political and economic opportunities and challenges in China-Latin America relations within a triangular dynamic involving the U.S. Using a Neorealist theoretical framework, it analyzes how Latin American countries maneuver between Chinese economic engagement and long-standing u.s. influence. The study employs comparative analysis and reviews existing literature to explore factors shaping these relationships. Findings indicate that while China’s economic cooperation offers development opportunities for Latin America, it also raises concerns about debt sustainability and

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6

KARPOVICH, Oleg. "PROSPECTS FOR ECONOMIC GROWTH IN LATIN AMERICA AT THE PRESENT STAGE." Russian Journal of Management 7, no. 4 (2020): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2409-6024-2019-7-4-111-115.

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. In the XXI century, cardinal changes continue in the financial and economic situation of Latin America. New influential non-regional partners besides the US and the EU, China, Iran, India, Russia, have come to the fore, significantly expanding the range of foreign relations of Latin American and Caribbean countries, which significantly increases the role of Latin America in the international arena. In economic terms, Latin America is experiencing a period of increased international dynamics, characterized by the intensification of intraregional interactions and the search for new non-regiona

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Chirkin, S. A. "NEW NON-R EGI ONAL PARTNERS OF LATIN AMERICA: CHALLENGES AND LESSONS FOR RUSSIA." International Trade and Trade Policy 8, no. 1 (2022): 66–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2410-7395-2022-1-66-83.

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The article examines the trade and economic relations of Latin American countries with individual non-regional partners represented by Japan, South Korea, India and Turkey. The main focus is on the evolution of the foreign economic relations of these countries with the Latin American region and the efforts of the governments of these states to develop them. The main features and trends of bilateral economic cooperation are revealed. The main indicators of trade and economic interaction of the studied countries with the Latin American region are given. Special attention is paid to the analysis

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8

Yakovlev, Petr Pavlovich. "USA and China in Latin America: Contours of Competition." Vestnik RUDN. International Relations 19, no. 1 (2019): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-0660-2019-19-1-47-58.

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In the last decade Latin America in trade, economic and financial terms turns out to be increasingly “sandwiched” between the United States and China, which accounted for more than half of the total trade of Latin American countries, and also a crucial part of entering the region investment and credit resources. This circumstance has the strongest impact on the structure and orientation of foreign economic relations and foreign policy contacts. In the foreseeable future one of the complexities of foreign policy of the Latin American countries will be delaying action between the United States a

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9

Sposito, Italo Beltrão, and Fernando José Ludwig. "Mapping Inter-American struggle (1946-2001): an overview on military conflict and economic embargoes." Revista de Paz y Conflictos 14, no. 1 (2021): 35–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.30827/revpaz.v14i1.15218.

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International relations have always focused on security and conflict studies. These themes are central to understand several factors from geopolitics to world (re)ordering. There is no doubt that since the Second World War, the role played by the United States (US) is crucial to understand such aspects of international life. Furthermore, their acting in Latin America follows the same pattern. In that sense, this article proposes to address the following research question: which changes in the US' foreign policy towards Latin America influenced conflict patterns in the Interamerican system afte

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10

Tkach, Anatoly. "NEW REGIONAL RESPONSIBILITY IN A FOREIGN POLICY IN RELATION LAC-AMERICAN REGION OF ADMINISTRATIONS OF GEORGE W. BUSH AND BARACK OBAMA." Politology bulletin, no. 81 (2018): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2415-881x.2018.81.83-90.

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The article analyzes the priorities of the Obama’s administration in the region and the Latin American states actions in rebuilding the existing system of relations at the global and regional levels. The current financial and economic crisis has shown the need for changes in the economic world order, financial system, which was formed in the end of the Second World War, where the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank (WB) play a key role. For many decades developing countries were rather an object of economic expansion than serious actors in the world economy.In the article feat

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11

Bernal-Meza, Raúl. "Dynamics and Prospects for China - Latin America Relations from the Perspective of Latin American Scholars." Vestnik RUDN. International Relations 22, no. 3 (2022): 464–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-0660-2022-22-3-464-477.

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The research reveals Latin American academic thought on the relationship between Latin America countries and China. The relevance of the topic is linked to the growing importance and presence of China in the foreign policy of Latin American countries, whose bilateral relations are developing against a backdrop of growing US - China tensions. Today, China is one of the key economic partners of several Latin American countries, as well as implementing a number of infrastructure projects on the continent. This forces Latin America to choose between traditional ties of dependence vis-à-vis Washing

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12

Makovskyy, S., and L. Makeienko. "FORMATION OF THE PROJECTION OF GLOBAL INTERESTS ON LATIN AMERICA." Actual Problems of International Relations, no. 161 (2024): 56–66. https://doi.org/10.17721/apmv.2024.161.1.56-66.

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The article examines the historical relations between Latin America and foreign countries, focusing on the "conquest", colonial and post-colonial periods, analyzes the long-term influence of colonialism on the development of Latin America. It highlights how external forces shaped the region's political and economic systems, leaving a legacy of social stratification and economic dependence. The first part of the article is devoted to the analysis of the complex and ambiguous process of conquest and its impact on the formation of Latin America as a region, demonstrating the fundamentality, duali

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13

Klochkovskii, D. "Latin America: Problems of Economic Modernization." World Economy and International Relations, no. 12 (2013): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2013-12-47-55.

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The Latin American nations badly need to undertake a dramatic turn to modernization and innovative way of development. However, low growth rates of 1980-s and second half of 1990-s, marginal level of accumulation and investment, low investment activity of the governments, slow growth of productivity and several other reasons of economic and political nature prevent an effective modernization process in the region. In order to solve these problems Latin American countries should map out a concrete program of actions. This program should clearly determine the governments’ role in modernization.

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14

Perrone, Nicolás M. "Locating the 1948 Economic Agreement of Bogotá: The Rise and Fall of Latin America’s International Economic Law Project." Journal of the History of International Law / Revue d'histoire du droit international 25, no. 4 (2024): 529–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718050-bja10099.

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Abstract This article claims that Latin America developed a competing International Economic Law project in the 1940s. These ideas and practices served the region to imagine its economic development process. Through the work of economists and lawyers – especially international lawyers – Latin America envisioned a future of industrialization and designed a strategy to make it happen. In the 1940s, many Latin Americans were enthusiastic about the prospects of industrialization; however, the consensus was that this objective required regional cooperation to reshape international trade and foreign

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15

Romanov, Roman. "Chile in Joseph R. Biden’s foreign policy doctrine: problems and prospects." Latin-American Historical Almanac 35, no. 1 (2022): 79–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.32608/2305-8773-2022-35-1-79-105.

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Chile is one of the most developed countries in Western hemisphere. It has a high economic potential and a comparatively stable political system. Election of a new president will not only influence domestic af-fairs but also affect Santiago’s relations with main global actors, first and foremost, with the United States. After the end of Cold War Washington utilized its resources in Eurasia which generated a leadership vacuum in Latin America. The US positions in the region were weakened during Trump’s presidency. The latter did not only fail to propose an alternative path of interregional deve

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Gonzalez, Vinicio X. Medina, and Reyza N. Toro Bellott. "Russia’s foreign economic relations with major Latin American partners in the context of anti-Russian sanctions." Cuadernos Iberoamericanos 10, no. 3 (2023): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2022-10-3-109-122.

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The article examines key vectors of the development of Russia’s foreign economic relations with its largest trading partners in Latin America in the context of anti-Russian sanctions. The author analyzes peculiarities of Russia’s foreign trade and investment cooperation with Brazil, Ecuador, Argentina, Mexico and Chile. Factors hindering the development of this cooperation are economic instability in the world, anti-Russian sanctions, weak development of logistics networks, lack of free trade agreements, the presence of high custom duties on Russian products in the Latin American market, high

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17

Khmel, Anastasiia, and Iryna Tykhonenko. "Latin American Direction of Ukrainian Economic Diplomacy: The Overview of Successes and Failings." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 9, no. 1 (2020): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2020-0004.

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In the article, the authors analyzed successes and failings of the Ukrainian economic diplomacy in Latin America region. Such results were achieved by analyzing the degree of scientific investigation the possibilities, features and basic characteristics of economic diplomacy by contemporary Ukrainian and foreign researchers, as well as by analyzing the websites of Ukrainian embassies in Latin American countries and using the information of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and mass media. Researchers drew attention to the peculiarities of economic relations between Ukraine and Latin Amer

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18

Singh, Priti. "India and Latin America: Potential Partners in a Changing World." National Security 6, no. 4 (2024): 252–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.32381/ns.2023.06.04.2.

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India’s relations with Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) have seen an effective change in the last few years. The change reflects the ‘energetic’ foreign policy of India and its increasing dynamism in global politics. The Latin American and the Caribbean region, so far overlooked by India, is increasingly becoming one of the focal points of its various foreign policy overtures. This article draws attention to the growing significance of the Latin American region for India both in terms of resources and a political-diplomatic partnership. Given the recent setbacks of the pandemic, followed

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19

Angulo-Bustinza, Harold D., and Jenny Paola Lis-Gutiérrez. "Trade and inclusive economic growth: China and Latin America (2004-2021)." Retos 13, no. 26 (2023): 309–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17163/ret.n26.2023.08.

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China has consolidated itself as a global economic power, and its growth has been remarkable. China’s economic influence in Latin America has significantly increased, and the country has become one of the region’s most important and relevant trade partners. Therefore, the trade relations between Latin America and China are considered “strategic.” In this context, the purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between international trade with China and inclusive economic growth in Latin America from 2004 to 2021, using data from 13 countries in the region (Uruguay, Peru, Paraguay, Pan

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20

Almeida Ferreira Abrão, Rafael. "Belt and Road Initiative and China-Latin America Relations | A Iniciativa Cinturão e Rota e as relações China-América Latina." Mural Internacional 14 (November 28, 2023): e74301. http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/rmi.2023.74301.

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The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has become a significant component of China’s foreign policy. Latin American countries were invited to participate in the BRI in 2018. Despite a considerable number of countries subscribing to the initiative, China has faced difficulties expanding the BRI in Latin America. The purpose of this paper is to investigate why Latin America is relevant to an Asian-centered project such as the BRI, how the BRI can influence the region's geopolitical and economic landscape, and what are the implications of this initiative for Latin American countries. This article arg

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21

Goliney, Vladimir. "Inter-American system: stages and development of relations between the United States and Latin America." Latin-American Historical Almanac 44 (November 29, 2024): 226–58. https://doi.org/10.32608/2305-8773-2024-44-1-226-258.

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The article explores the evolution of the Inter-American Sys-tem from the 19th century until 2024. It describes some char-acteristics of this system and identifies several stages in its development, based on differences in the perspectives of pol-iticians in the Western Hemisphere regarding security issues, trade cooperation, and the international environment. The theme of security and economic collaboration runs like a re-curring theme throughout the more than 200-year history of U.S. foreign policy engagement with Latin American and Car-ibbean countries, providing a sense of continuity in th

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Czarnecka-Gallas, Marta. "Chinese foreign direct investments in Latin America and their influence on Chinese-Brazilian economic relations." Oeconomia Copernicana 3, no. 1 (2012): 49–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/oec.2012.003.

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For many decades Chinese foreign direct investments in Latin America were not a subject of academic research or political debate. However, thanks to China’s fast economic growth, huge saving rate and national reserves, the country plays a more and more important role not only in global trade, being the world’s biggest exporter, but also in international investment scene by increasing the number and volume of its overseas businesses. Chinese FDIs in Latin America, although not as controversial as those in Africa, have registered a steady growth and seem to be both a chance and a threat for Lati

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23

Yevseenko, Andrey. "China’s and Russia’s Growing Footprint in Latin America As a Challenge to American Interests." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 2 (April 2022): 163–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2022.2.14.

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Introduction. The Trump administration defined China and Russia as a “revisionist powers”, which challenge to American power, influence and interests. Such a perception affected the U.S. policy in Latin America. Major alarmist sentiments come from the U.S. military, which regularly notes the growth of foreign presence in the region. Methods and materials. The author conducted a critical analysis of Chinese and Russian footprint aspects in Latin America, which cause U.S. establishment concerns. Information was gathered from doctrinal documents, economic statistics and indicators of arms exports

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Andreev, Anton. "Uruguay and the USSR in 1945–1991: bilateral relations in the context of the left movement." Latinskaia Amerika, no. 9 (2022): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0044748x0021677-3.

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In modern international conditions Russia is forced to change the vectors of its foreign policy. Moscow paying attention to the countries of Latin America, seeing them as its political and economic partner. However, Russian-Latin American relations have historical traditions formed during the Cold War. The purpose of this article is to show the development of bilateral relations between the USSR and Uruguay in the second half of the 20th century in the context of the development of the Latin American left movement. Based on archival materials, press, memoirs, the article shows how contacts bet

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25

Vakarchuk, Kateryna. "Relations between the EU and Brazil, Argentina, Mexico: economic and political context." American History & Politics: Scientific edition, no. 14 (2022): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2521-1706.2022.14.7.

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The article considers the main directions of EU cooperation between Brazil, Argentina and Mexico. It was proved that Latin American countries will increasingly be involved in the search for a new model of interaction between the world community in the context of changes in the international order. This is especially true for resource potential and deeper cooperation with EU countries. The agreement on a common trade area only strengthened these processes and enabled the leading countries of Latin America to enter new international markets. The aim of the article is to consider the evolution of

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Fatalski, Marcin. "Foreign Policy of the Polish People’s Republic on Mexico 1945-1989." Ad Americam 19 (February 8, 2019): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/adamericam.19.2018.19.04.

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In the period between 1945-1989, Polish-Mexican relations were determined by the Cold War rivalry. Poland remained in the Soviet sphere of influence and its sovereignty was limited by Moscow. Although controlled by the Kremlin, Poland had its own initiatives in foreign policy. Warsaw considered Mexico to be the most important partner in Latin America (not to mention the communist ally, Castro of Cuba), thus Polish diplomacy made many efforts to strengthen mutual political, cultural and economic relations. Mexico, with its independent foreign policy, progressive state ideology and tremendous ma

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Katkova, Ekaterina. "Relations of Yugoslavia with the countries of Latin America in the 1960-1980’s." Latinskaia Amerika, no. 6 (2023): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0044748x0025613-3.

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Based on published sources and relevant literature, the article examines the relations of socialist Yugoslavia with the countries of Latin America in the period of 1960-1980’s. The main part of the article is preceded by a short review of Yugoslavia’s contacts with Latin America in the first post-war years. The authors analyze the features of the political, economic, cultural and educational interaction between Yugoslavia and the countries of the region. Particular attention is paid to the role of the Non-Aligned Movement and Tito’s understanding of Yugoslav foreign policy in the matter of bui

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Aleksanyan, L. M. "Trade and economic relations between the EAEU member states and the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean at the present stage: the cases of Armenia and Kazakhstan." Post-Soviet Issues 10, no. 3 (2023): 245–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2023-10-3-245-257.

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In the context of a changing world order, the development of regional integration processes is an important trigger for the inclusion of countries in the world economy and increasing the sustainability of national economies. Integration processes contribute to deepening of the interdependence of different countries, as well as to the expansion of the influence of world economic relations on national economic systems. At the same time, tendency towards the erosion of institutions and mechanisms of multilateral (global) trade and the formation of preferential regional and interregional trade agr

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Muñoz, Pedro Felipe, and Stefan Rinke. "Latin America in the global exchange of the German Hygiene Museum in Dresden (1919-1930)." Revista Tempo e Argumento 14, no. 35 (2022): e0104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5965/2175180314352022e0104.

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In 1912, Karl Lingner created the German Hygiene Museum Dresden profiting from the Dresden International Hygiene Exhibition 1911. Lingner aimed to build a permanent building for the museum, but due to the Great War and post-war economic crisis in Germany, the permanent building was not opened until 1930. In the Weimar Republic, the museum circulated internationally through traveling exhibitions and the sale and donation of collections and exhibits. This circulation comprised a global exchange promoting health education that included Latin America. In keeping with German foreign cultural policy

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Jones, Charles. "Foreign investment, debt and economic growth in Latin America." International Affairs 66, no. 3 (1990): 644. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2623189.

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Chernega, Vladimir. "FRANCE’S LATIN AMERICAN POLICY: EVOLUTION DURING THE YEAS OF THE FIFTH REPUBLIC." Urgent Problems of Europe, no. 3 (2022): 119–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/ape/2022.03.05.

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The article examines the evolution of the French foreign policy towards the Latin America in the period of the Fifth Republic. It is noted that this policy was uneven, because it depended on the preferences of each president who plays a major role in determining the country’s foreign policy priorities. Charles de Gaulle, in the framework of his policy of restoring the «greatness» France, attached great importance to political, economic and cultural ties with Latin America and made a very important personal contribution to building up such ties. Georges Pompidou and Valery Giscard d’Estaing did

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Malacalza, Bernabé. "What LED to the Boom? Unpacking China’s Development Cooperation in Latin America." World Affairs 182, no. 4 (2019): 370–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0043820019883251.

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What led to the boom of Chinese development cooperation in Latin America? This article provides a systematic analysis of China’s foreign behavior, motives, and policies regarding development cooperation toward the region between 2000 and 2014. I propose a comparative framework that defines Chinese development cooperation as a tool of economic diplomacy. Drawing on empirical evidence from AidData’s Global Chinese Official Finance Dataset and Chinese white papers on foreign aid, the findings evidence that China was motivated by multiple and conjunctural factors in providing development cooperati

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Yakovlev, Petr P. "Integration in Latin America: centripetal and centrifugal trends." Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law 10, no. 4 (2017): 86–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.23932/2542-0240-2017-10-4-60-65.

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Latin American countries were the first in the developing world on the path of economic integration. In the region, back in the early 1960’s were created the integration groupings, with the aim of strengthening trade ties between the neighboring States and their position in the world economy. As a result, the integration process has been going on for about six decades, transforming the economies of Latin America. Integration largely determines the main vectors of development of foreign trade relations, affects the direction of cross-border investment flows, strengthens corporate relationships

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Katkova, Evgenia, and Arkady Eremin. "hina's relations with Latin America and the Caribbean at the present stage." International Organisations Research Journal 17, no. 2 (2022): 164–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1996-7845-2022-02-07.

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In the "new era" of China’s foreign policy based on the concept of major power diplomacy with Chinese characteristics, Beijing has begun to change its attitude toward Latin America. In 2018, Xi Jinping officially invited Latin American countries to participate in the construction of the Belt and Road initiative, thereby bringing the region into the sphere of its global interests. This article is devoted to the study of the main directions of cooperation between China and the Latin American states and changes in the forms and instruments of Beijing's policy toward the region. The authors analyz

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Borzova, Alla Yu, Olga V. Volosyuk, and Nino D. Nikolashvili. "Spanish Humanitarian Policy in Latin America: Peculiarities and Priorities." Vestnik RUDN. International Relations 22, no. 3 (2022): 586–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-0660-2022-22-3-586-599.

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The article deals with the establishment and formation of the humanitarian policy of Spain, the evolution of the concept of “Hispanidad” in relation to Latin America, when Spain, along with the expansion of investment and economic cooperation, was building up educational, scientific, cultural interaction based on a common historical past, and intended positioning itself as a “bridge” between the EU and this region. The authors apply the theory of constructivism, based on the position that “historical and cultural paradigms,” norms and beliefs, and not only economic power influences the rapproc

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Yakovlev, P. "Model “Nearshoring” – the Concept of the New Economy of the Latin America." World Economy and International Relations 67, no. 2 (2023): 93–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2023-67-2-93-103.

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In the vocabulary of world economics, the term “nearshoring” has become increasingly common. It implies the spread of business in its most diverse manifestations (e.g. foreign trade, cross-border investment, technology transfer, outsourcing, formation of value chains, etc.) mainly to neighboring countries. This growing trend was a response to the many problems that arose in the global economy and world trade during the coronavirus pandemic and the subsequent geopolitical upheavals. In fact, the process of neoliberal globalization, which for four decades was determining the development vector a

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Dabagyan, E. "Latin America and Iran." World Economy and International Relations, no. 12 (2014): 91–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2014-12-91-101.

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The article reviews the general vectors and the spheres of cooperation between Latin America and Islamic Republic of Iran at present. The major attention is given to the analysis of the Teheran relationships with the countries of the Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America. It is mentioned that these contacts were mostly based on the anti-American and anti-imperialistic ideas. There are also highlighted the fields of cooperation and the visits of the senior officials which played an important role in the regulation of political, trade, economic and humanitarian relationships, in cre

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Chuvychkina, Inna. "STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF RUSSIAN EXPORTS TO THE LATIN AMERICAN MARKETS." Urgent Problems of Europe, no. 3 (2022): 270–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/ape/2022.03.12.

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Abstract (sommario):

The Latin American region occupies a less significant share in the overall structure of Russian exports compared to traditional sales markets. Nevertheless, the region has recently been increasingly in the spotlight as a place for the geographical reorientation of foreign trade operations. Even though the corona crisis had a significant impact on the development of foreign trade relations with Latin America, export interest to the region was expressed in the pre-pandemic period through an increased volume of deliveries, a surplus in Russia’s trade balance and an increase in the number of count

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Anikeeva, Natalia. "FOREIGN POLICY OF PEDRO SÁNCHEZ: ONE YEAR ON." Scientific and Analytical Herald of IE RAS 23, no. 5 (2021): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/vestnikieran520211522.

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The article analyzes the foreign policy of Spain, as well as the foreign policy strategy (2021–2024), adopted in early 2021, a year after Pedro Sánchez took office as chairman of the coalition government. The appearance of this document took place against the backdrop of the inauguration of the new US President Joe Biden. P. Sánchez’s government expressed the hope that Spain and the EU will be able to improve relations with the United States in various spheres of activity. The new foreign policy strategy was influenced by the global financial and economic crisis provoked by the development of

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Yakovlev, P. P. "From the standpoint of friendshoring: Russia's trade relations with the regions of the global south." International Trade and Trade Policy 9, no. 1 (2023): 136–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2410-7395-2023-1-136-152.

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Abstract (sommario):

The geography of Russia's foreign trade, which is experiencing a period of profound transformational changes, acquires radically new contours. The Western states, which for a long time occupied dominant positions in the exports and imports of the Russian Federation, are being replaced by the countries of the global South – regions of Asia, Africa and Latin America. This process has been developing for more than a decade, but has now been radically accelerated in the face of sanctions and restrictions imposed on the Russian economy and trade, and the almost complete curtailment of Russia's busi

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Berrios, Rubén. "Relations between Nicaragua and the Socialist Countries." Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 27, no. 3 (1985): 111–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/165602.

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Abstract (sommario):

Since the Late 1960s, due to détente and rising nationalism in Latin America, the Soviet Union and the Eastern European countries have succeeded in expanding diplomatic relations with most countries in the Western Hemisphere (Blasier, 1984; Fichet, 1981). For an increasing number of Third World nations, the Council of Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA) countries of Eastern Europe have become a source of trade, credits, technical assistance and political support. Hence, many Third World countries view CMEA agreements as a means of strengthening their negotiating position vis-á-vis the United Sta

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Novitskiy, E. R. "Latin American states cooperation with the United States of America and the European Union." Cuadernos Iberoamericanos, no. 3 (September 28, 2019): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2019-3-54-58.

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Abstract (sommario):

Both the political and economic role of the Latin American region has increased significantly in the modern world. The largest Latin American countries have emerged as major regional players. In this regard, the analysis of the current foreign policy relations of the region is of particular interest and relevance for this research. Many key actors in the international arena are now paying increasing attention to the region. For a long time, the main partners of Latin American countries in various fields have been the USA and the European Union (EU), which have long historical ties with the reg

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Fadeeva, Alina Vitalievna. "Belize: unknown notoriety." Век информации (сетевое издание) 4, no. 3(12) (2020): 31–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.33941/age-info.com43(12)3.

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Abstract (sommario):

Today, in the conditions of the current foreign policy situation in Latin America and Central America, it has a special strategic value for Russia. The implementation of projects aimed at strengthening Russia’s position, as well as the degree of its political and economic presence in the international arena, necessitates the study of cooperation with potential partners. This study explores the case of Russian-Belize relations in detail.

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Jameson, Kenneth P. "Latin America and the Dollar Bloc in the Twenty-first Century: To Dollarize or Not?" Latin American Politics and Society 43, no. 4 (2001): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-2456.2001.tb00186.x.

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Abstract (sommario):

AbstractThe choice of exchange rate regime is a continuing challenge to Latin American policymakers, who currently face pressure to dollarize their economies. The constraints imposed by the “dollar bloc,” the informal but powerful currency bloc that ties Latin America to the dominant currency, are central to that choice. Current weak economic performance has called the bloc's norms and principles into question and has made the exchange rate an open issue. Ecuador's full official dollarization is one possible strategy for countries with political stability but poor economic performance to gain

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Santoro, M. "China in Latin America in the 21^st century." Cuadernos Iberoamericanos 8, no. 3 (2021): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2020-8-3-24-34.

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Abstract (sommario):

In the last two decades, China became a major economic force in Latin America, due to trade and investment, and it established strong links with the countries in the region, including a strategic partnership with Brazil. However, Chinese influence is also provoking concerns in the United States, while the latter is trying to curb Beijing’s role in Latin America. This paper analyzes China’s actions in the region and the American response, using Brazil as a case-study environment because of its importance for the Chinese foreign policy and its current president, who adopted a pro-Trump foreign p

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Mariya, Edwin Joy. "China’s Growing Role in Latin America." National Security 8, no. 1 (2025): 54–80. https://doi.org/10.32381/ns.2025.08.01.4.

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Abstract (sommario):

There have been 220 foreign visits by Union Ministers between January 2020 and November 2023, but only six to Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) countries. Foreign visits by government delegations are one of the most visible manifestations of diplomacy that helped India to enhance its standing across the globe. That is why India should focus on enhancing its ties with LAC nations. Though India and LAC countries are similar in many ways and have great affinity, the former’s presence, apart from diaspora, is limited when compared to the Chinese presence in the region. In 2023, India’s trade with

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Loseva, A. V., and V. S. Osipov. "ANALYSIS OF THE FOREIGN ECONOMIC POTENTIAL OF LATIN AMERICAN COUNTRIES." Intellect. Innovations. Investments, no. 2 (2023): 47–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.25198/2077-7175-2023-2-47.

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Abstract (sommario):

The article analyzes the foreign economic potential of Latin American countries in the context of its development in the last decade, characterized by significant global crises and geopolitical upheavals. Considering that Latin American countries are active participants in international relations, including with the Russian Federation, and also play a significant role in the international division of labor, we have set the goal of the study – to quantify the changes and the state of the main economic indicators that reflect both foreign economic and domestic processes in the leading countries

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Eremin, A. "“Breaking the Continuity” of the Latin American Vector of US Foreign Policy under Donald Trump and the Crisis of Pan-Americanism (2017-2020)." World Economy and International Relations 66, no. 5 (2022): 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2022-66-5-68-77.

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Abstract (sommario):

In this article the author examines the process of revising the Latin American vector of US foreign policy under the presidency of Donald Trump. In particular, the paper analyzes the economic and political aspects of a new US policy in the Latin American region. The main focus of the research is on the reorganization of US economic relations with the countries of the region and cancellation of various financial aid programs and multilateral agreements, including the North American Free Trade Agreement. The main hypothesis of the paper is that US foreign policy under the 45th president underwen

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Urdinez, Francisco, Fernando Mouron, Luis L. Schenoni, and Amâncio J. de Oliveira. "Chinese Economic Statecraft and U.S. Hegemony in Latin America: An Empirical Analysis, 2003–2014." Latin American Politics and Society 58, no. 4 (2016): 3–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/laps.12000.

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Abstract (sommario):

AbstractIf one interprets China's sizable rise in Latin America as an unprecedented phenomenon, it follows that the concurrent story of declining U.S. influence in the region is an event hastily acknowledged at best and ignored at worst. In this article, we ask whether Chinese economic statecraft in Latin America is related to the declining U.S. hegemonic influence in the region and explore how. To do so we analyze foreign direct investments, bank loans, and international trade from 2003 to 2014, when China became a major player in the region. We use data from 21 Latin American countries, and

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LeoGrande, William M. "From Havana to Miami: U.S. Cuba Policy as a Two-Level Game." Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 40, no. 1 (1998): 67–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/166301.

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Abstract (sommario):

For thirty years, Cuba was a focal point of the Cold War. Before the demise of the Soviet Union, Cuba’s close ideological and military partnership with the communist superpower posed a challenge to U.S. foreign policy, especially in the Third World (see, e.g., Domínguez 1989). With the end of the Cold War, Cuba retrenched, ending its aid programs for foreign revolutionaries and regimes. Without the Soviet Union’s sponsorship, Cuba could no longer afford the luxury of a global foreign policy exporting revolution. Instead, its diplomats focused on reorienting Cuba’s international economic relati

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