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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Gem therapy"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 6 febbraio 2022

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Gem therapy"

Fukahori, Masaru. "Efficacy of gemcitabine as second-line therapy after S-1 therapy failure in advanced pancreatic carcinoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, n. 4_suppl (1 febbraio 2012): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.4_suppl.248.

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248 Background: Gemcitabine (GEM) and GEM-containing combination chemotherapy have been established as standard first-line therapies for advanced pancreatic carcinoma (APC). In the GEST study, a phase III clinical trial that compared the results for GEM, S-1, and GEM+S-1 therapies, there was no significant difference between overall survival (OS) for GEM and GEM+S-1; S-1 and GEM had similar efficacies as first-line treatment for APC. Therefore, S-1 is expected to be used as first-line therapy. In our study, we have evaluated the efficacy and outcomes of second-line GEM therapy after S-1 therapy failure in APC. Methods: We retrospectively examined the data for 27 patients (pts) with APC refractory to first-line S-1 therapy. All the pts had undergone second-line GEM therapy during October 2000–February 2009 at National Cancer Center Hospital after first-line S-1 therapy. Tumor responses were analyzed using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate tumor progression and survival. Results: The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status was 0 or 1. The male:female ratio was 16:11 and median age was 62 years (range, 42–75 years). Four pts (14%) exhibited a partial response to second-line GEM therapy, 11 (40%) showed stable disease, and 12 (44%) showed progressive disease. Grade 3 adverse events for second-line GEM therapy were neutropenia in 2 pts and upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in 1 pt. Grade 4 adverse events were not observed. The median progression-free survival was 77 days (95% confidence interval, 33–121 days) and the median OS after second-line GEM therapy was 240 days (95% confidence interval, 156–324 days). Conclusions: Although this study had a small sample population and retrospective design, the results indicate that GEM has good antitumor activity with tolerable toxicity. Second-line GEM therapy was found to be effective after first-line S-1 therapy failure in APC.

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Chiorean, E. Gabriela, Daniel D. Von Hoff, Josep Tabernero, Robert El-Maraghi, Wen Wee Ma, Michele Reni, Marion Harris et al. "Second-line therapy after nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine or after gemcitabine for patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer". British Journal of Cancer 115, n. 2 (28 giugno 2016): 188–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2016.185.

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Abstract Background: This exploratory analysis evaluated second-line (2L) therapy for metastatic pancreatic cancer in a large phase 3 trial (MPACT). Methods: Patients who received first-line (1L) nab-paclitaxel+gemcitabine (nab-P+Gem) or Gem were assessed for survival based on 2L treatment received. Multivariate analyses tested influence of treatment effect and prognostic factors on survival. Results: The majority of 2L treatments (267 out of 347, 77%) contained a fluoropyrimidine (5-fluorouracil or capecitabine). Median total survival (1L randomisation to death) for patients who received 2L treatment after 1L nab-P+Gem vs Gem alone was 12.8 vs 9.9 months (P=0.015). Median total survival for patients with a fluoropyrimidine-containing 2L therapy after nab-P+Gem vs Gem was 13.5 vs 9.5 months (P=0.012). Median 2L survival (duration from start of 2L therapy to death) was 5.3 vs 4.5 months for nab-P+Gem vs Gem, respectively (P=0.886). Factors significantly associated with longer post-1L survival by multivariate analyses included 1L nab-P+Gem, receiving 2L treatment, longer 1L progression-free survival, and Karnofsky performance status⩾70 and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio⩽5 at the end of 1L treatment. Conclusions: These findings support the use of 2L therapy for patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer. Fluoropyrimidine-containing treatment after 1L nab-P+Gem is an active regimen with significant clinical effect.

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Esim, Ozgur, Cansel K. Ozkan, Meral Sarper, Ayhan Savaser e Yalcin Ozkan. "Development of Gemcitabine Loaded PLGA/Lecithin Nanoparticles for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Therapy". Current Drug Delivery 17, n. 7 (15 settembre 2020): 622–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567201817666200512094145.

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Background: Compared to polymeric nanoparticles prepared using non-lipid surfactants, lecithin addition forms larger nanoparticles and exhibits higher drug loading and the stability of nanoparticles can be conferred by adding Vitamin E Polyethylene Glycol Succinate (TPGS) into the formulation. Aim: The aim of this study is to prepare Gemcitabine (Gem) loaded lecithin/PLGA nanoparticles. Moreover, the effect of TPGS and sodium cholate (SK) on the preparation of lecithin/PLGA nanoparticles was compared. Methods: It was found that while PC addition into PLGATPGS nanoparticles formed larger particles (251.3± 6.0 nm for Gem-PLGATPGS NPs and 516,9 ± 3.9 nm for Gem-PLGA-PCTPGS NPs), the particle size of PLGASK nanoparticles was not affected by lecithin addition (p>0.05). Results: In cytotoxicity studies, it was found that the SK-MES-1 cell inhibition rates of Gem-PLGATPGS NPs, Gem-PLGA-PCTPGS NPs, Gem-PLGASK NPs, Gem-PLGA-PCSK NPs were similar with free Gem (p>0.05). In cytotoxicity studies, it was found that the encapsulation into nanoparticles did not change the cytotoxicity of the drug. However, higher cellular uptake has been observed when the lecithin was used in the preparation of PLGA nanoparticles. Conclusion: Compared with free Gem, the Gem-loaded nanoparticles enhanced the uptake of the drug by SK-MES-1 cells which can increase the effect of gemcitabine for non-small cell lung cancer therapy.

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Kasahara, K., T. Kita, K. Shibata, K. Nishi, Y. Ishiura, T. Araya, Y. Tambo, A. Sakai, H. Kimura e M. Fujimura. "A phase II study of gemcitabine and vinorelbine combination followed by sequential gefitinib monotherapy in elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer". Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, n. 15_suppl (20 maggio 2009): e19040-e19040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e19040.

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e19040 Background: Gemcitabine (GEM) and vinorelbine (VNR) combination have demonstrated activity as a 1st-line treatment in elderly patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Gefitinib (GEF) is effective as a 2nd-line treatment for NSCLC. We conducted a multicenter phase II trial to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity for treatment of GEM+VNR followed by sequential GEF in elderly patients (pts) with advanced or metastatic NSCLC. Primary endpoint is response rate, secondary endpoints were safety, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Methods: Eligibility required hitologically or cytologically comfirmed NSCLC, no prior therapy, measurable lesion(s), ECOG PS 0–2, age equal to or over 70 years, and adequate organ functions. Patients were received 3 cycles, each at 4-week intervals, of GEM (1000 mg/m2, d 1, 15) and VNR (25mg/m2 d 1, 15), followed by 250 mg of GEF daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Results: Between June 2004 and November 2007, 60 pts were enrolled and 2 pts withdrew consent. Fifty-eight pts (35 male and 23 female, median age 77 years) were evaluated. Median number of GEM+VNR administrations was 3 (range 1–3). Median duration of GEF was 101 days (range 9–652 days). Grade 3/4 toxicities included leucopenia (29%), neutoropenia (40%), anemia (12%), febrile neutropenia (9%), and anorexia (9%) during GEM+VNR, anorexia (2%), and constipation (2%) during GEF. Best response rate of GEM+VNR was 17% and that after sequential GEF was 31%. Median PFS and median OS were 4.2 months and 12.6 months, respectively. Response rate, PFS, and OS were significantly favorable in female and never-smoker. Conclusions: Sequential treatment consisted with GEM+VNR and GEF was feasible with acceptable toxicities in elderly patients with NSCLC. [Table: see text]

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Korniichuk, N. M., S. P. Turanska, A. L. Petranovska, M. V. Abramov, P. P. Gorbyk, N. Yu Luk'yanova, N. V. Kusyak e V. F. Chekhun. "Magnetically sensitive nanocomposites for targeted antitumor therapy with application of gemcitabine". Himia, Fizika ta Tehnologia Poverhni 11, n. 4 (30 dicembre 2020): 528–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/hftp11.04.528.

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The aim of the work is synthesis and study on the properties of polyfunctional magnetosensitive nanocomposites (NC) and target-directed magnetic fluids (MF) based on physiological solution (PS), magnetite, gemcitabine (GEM) and HER2 antibodies (AB), promising for use in targeted antitumor therapy against MDA-MB-231 aggressive tumor cells of triple-negative human breast cancer (BC) with high proliferative and metastatic activity. The specific surface area (Ssp) of samples was determined by the method of thermal desorption of nitrogen using a device KELVIN 1042 of “COSTECH Instruments”. The size of nanoparticles (NP) has been estimated by the formula DBET = 6/(ρSBET), where ρ is the density of NC particle, SBET is the value of the specific surface area calculated by the polymolecular adsorption theory of Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET). The surface condition of nanodispersed samples was studied by IR spectroscopy (“Perkin Elmer” Fourier spectrometer, a model 1720X). To calculate the concentration of hydroxyl groups on the surface of nanostructures, the method of differential thermal analysis was used in combination with differential thermogravimetric analysis. The thermograms were recorded using a derivatograph Q-1500D of MOM firm (Hungary) in the temperature range of 20–1000 °C at a heating rate of 10 deg/min. X-ray phase analysis of nanostructures was performed using a diffractometer DRON-4-07 (CuKα radiation with a nickel filter in a reflected beam, the Bragg-Brentano focusing). The size and shape of NP were determined by electron microscopy (a transmission electron microscope (TEM) JEM-2100F (Japan)). The hysteresis loops of the magnetic moment of the samples were measured using a laboratory vibration magnetometer of Foner type at room temperature. Measurement of optical density, absorption spectra and GEM concentration in solutions was performed by spectrophotometric analysis (Spectrometer Lambda 35 UV/Vis Perkin Elmer Instruments). The amount of adsorbed substance on the surface of magnetite was determined using a spectrophotometer at λ = 268 nm from a calibration graph. The thickness of the adsorbed layer of GEM in the composition of Fe3O4@GEM NC was determined by magnetic granulometry. To study the direct cytotoxic/cytostatic effect of a series of experimental samples of MF based on PS, Fe3O4 NP, GEM, HER2 AB, as well as MF components in mono- or complex use, onto MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro, IC50 index was determined. MF were synthesized on the basis of single-domain Fe3O4 and PS, stabilized with sodium oleate (Ol.Na) and polyethylene glycol (PEG), containing GEM and HER2 (Fe3O4@GEM/Ol.Na/PEG/HER2+PS). The cytotoxic/cytostatic activity of MF against MDA-MB-231 cells was studied. It was found that as a result of application of synthesized MF composed of Fe3O4@GEM/Ol.Na/PEG/HER2+PS at the concentration of magnetite of 0.05 mg/mL, GEM - 0.004 mg/mL and HER2 AB - 0.013 μg/mL, a synergistic effect arose, with reduction of the amount of viable BC cells to 51 %. It has been proved that when using MF based on targeted Fe3O4/GEM/HER2 complex, the increased antitumor efficacy is observed compared to traditional use of the drug GEM, with a significant reduction (by four times) of its dose. The high cytotoxic/cytostatic activity of Fe3O4/GEM/HER2 complexes is explained by the fact that endogenous iron metabolism disorders play a significant role in the mechanisms of realization of the apoptotic program under the influence of nanocomposite. Thus, when the nanocomposite system contains Fe3O4/GEM/HER2 complexes in MDA-MB-231 cells, a significant increase is observed in the level of “free iron”, which favours formation of reactive oxygen species and causes oxidative stress (Fenton reaction). The consequences of oxidative stress are induction of apoptosis, enhancement of lipid peroxidation processes, as well as structural and functional rearrangement of biological membranes. The prospects have been shown of further studies of Fe3O4@GEM/Ol.Na/PEG/HER2+PS MF in order to create on their basis a magnetically carried remedy for use in targeted antitumor therapy.

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Chen, Li-Tzong, Andrea Wang-Gillam, Shan Yanshen, Teresa Macarulla, Jean-Frédéric Blanc, Richard Hubner, Chang-Fang Chiu et al. "Efficacy and safety of liposomal irinotecan (nal-IRI) + 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin (5-FU/LV) in patients (pts) with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (mPDAC) who previously received gemcitabine (gem)-based therapy: Post-hoc analysis of the NAPOLI-1 trial." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, n. 4_suppl (1 febbraio 2017): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.4_suppl.303.

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303 Background: nal-IRI+5-FU/LV is approved in the United States and Taiwan for pts with mPDAC previously treated with gem-based therapy based on the NAPOLI-1 study which showed that nal-IRI+5-FU/LV improved overall survival (OS) vs 5-FU/LV (6.1 vs 4.2 mo; HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.49-0.92; P = 0.012; Wang-Gillam et al, Lancet. 2016). This post hoc analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of nal-IRI+5-FU/LV in subgroups of pts defined by prior gem regimen including gem monotherapy and gem combinations (combo). Methods: This analysis (data cutoff, Nov 2015) focuses on the 236 pts assigned to nal-IRI+5-FU/LV q2w (n = 117) or 5-FU/LV qw for weeks 1-4 q6w cycle (n = 119). Pts previously received gem-based therapy in a neoadjuvant, adjuvant, locally advanced, or metastatic setting. Results: Of 117 pts in the nal-IRI+5-FU/LV arm, 53 (45%) previously received gem monotherapy and 64 (55%) previously received gem combo including erlotinib (n = 9) or nab-paclitaxel (n = 20). Of the 119 pts in the 5-FU/LV arm, 55 (46%) previously received gem monotherapy and 64 (54%) previously received gem combo including erlotinib (n = 17) or nab-paclitaxel (n = 11). Nal-IRI+5-FU/LV improved median OS, median PFS, and ORR vs 5-FU/LV, regardless of prior therapy (Table). Grade ≥3 treatment-emergent adverse events were not influenced by prior treatment. Clinical trial information: NCT01494506. Conclusions: These resultsshow consistent benefit of nal-IRI+5-FU/LV treatment across subgroups of pts who previously received gem therapy and support the ASCO guidelines recommending nal-IRI+5-FU/LV for this pt population. These analyses may be limited by the small sample size of treatment arms.[Table: see text]

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Xin, Xiaofei, Virender Kumar, Feng Lin, Vinod Kumar, Rajan Bhattarai, Vijaya R. Bhatt, Chalet Tan e Ram I. Mahato. "Redox-responsive nanoplatform for codelivery of miR-519c and gemcitabine for pancreatic cancer therapy". Science Advances 6, n. 46 (novembre 2020): eabd6764. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abd6764.

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Desmoplastic and hypoxic pancreatic cancer microenvironment induces aberrant expression of miRNAs and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) responsible for gemcitabine (GEM) resistance. We demonstrated that miR-519c was down-regulated in pancreatic cancer and transfection of miR-519c in GEM-resistant pancreatic cancer cells inhibited HIF-1α level under hypoxia. We synthesized redox-sensitive mPEG-co-P(Asp)-g-DC-g-S-S-GEM polymer, with GEM payload of 14% (w/w) and 90% GEM release upon incubation with l-glutathione. We synthesized mPEG-co-P(Asp)-g-TEPA-g-DC for complex formation with miRNA. Chemical modification of miR-519c with 2′-O-methyl phosphorothioate (OMe-PS) at 3′ end enhanced its stability and activity without being immunogenic. Epidermal growth factor receptor targeting peptide GE11 decoration increased tumor accumulation of micelles after systemic administration and significantly inhibited orthotopic desmoplastic pancreatic cancer growth in NSG mice by down-regulating HIF-1α and genes responsible for glucose uptake and cancer cell metabolism. Our multifunctional nanomedicine of GEM and OMe-PS–miR-519c offers a novel therapeutic strategy to treat desmoplasia and hypoxia-induced chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer.

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Muniz Kovtun, Jeanette, Konstantin Kovtun, Koenraad Mortele, James Moser e Andrea J. Bullock. "Neoadjuvant therapy outcomes in nonmetastatic pancreatic cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, n. 4_suppl (1 febbraio 2018): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.4_suppl.501.

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501 Background: The optimal multidisciplinary treatment algorithm for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is not well established. We studied outcomes in non-metastatic PDAC treated with chemotherapy and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) with or without pancreatic resection. Methods: Between August 2011 and July 2015, 73 patients with non-metastatic PDAC were treated with chemotherapy and SBRT with or without resection. Variables considered included: ECOG, CA 19-9, clinical stage, vascular involvement, pathologic stage and margin status. Resectability status was determined by an expert abdominal radiologist on initial staging imaging. Chemotherapy included FOLFIRINOX, FOLFOX, gemcitabine monotherapy (gem) or with nab-paclitaxel (gem/nab). SBRT was delivered as 30 Gy in 3 fractions over 5 days via CyberKnife. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to compare median overall survival (mOS), local progression free survival (LPFS) and metastasis free survival (MFS). Results: After a median follow-up of 19.3 months (mo) the mOS was 30.0 mo (95% CI, 19.4 to 36.5). The surgical group had longer mOS (36.5 vs 19.4 mo; P < 0.001), LPFS (29.0 vs 16.3 mo; P = 0.03) and MFS (29.0 vs 15.1 mo; P < 0.001) as compared to the nonsurgical group. FOLFIRINOX or gem/nab was associated with better mOS as compared to other chemotherapy (33.2 vs 12.8 mo; P < 0.001). There was a trend towards longer mOS in pts with initial imaging deemed less resectable (36.5 vs 30.1 vs 13.0 mo in unresectable vs borderline vs resectable; P = 0.19). In a multivariate analysis significant predictors of OS were resection, ECOG and FOLFIRINOX or gem/nab chemotherapy. Conclusions: Patients who had surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and SBRT had significantly longer mOS, LPFS and MFS than those without surgery. FOLFIRINOX or gem/nab and better ECOG were also associated with improved outcomes. Worse resectablity status per imaging was associated with longer OS despite less likelihood of surgery; This may reflect more intensive neoadjuvant therapy or suggest that radiologic resectability status is a poor predictor of OS. Further investigation of factors underlying this discrepancy may have implications on neoadjuvant strategy and resectability determination.

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Awasthi, Niranjan, Margaret A. Schwarz e Roderich Schwarz. "Adding targeted inhibition of PI3K and MAPK signaling pathways to standard chemotherapy in experimental pancreatic cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, n. 4_suppl (1 febbraio 2016): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.4_suppl.278.

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278 Background: Treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a formidable challenge as gemcitabine (Gem) plus nab-paclitaxel (NPT) represent the current standard for systemic therapy of advanced PDAC. More than 90% of PDAC tumors harbor an activating mutation in the KRAS oncogene. Currently no therapeutics exist that can effectively target this oncogene product, but alternative strategies focus on inhibition of downstream effectors of KRAS signaling pathways. The RAF-MEK-ERK (MAPK) and the AKT-PI3K signaling pathways are well-described mediators of KRAS induced transformation and tumorigenesis and can be explored as targets for combination therapy. Methods: We evaluated combination treatment benefits of NPT+Gem with the MEK inhibitor trametinib (Tra) and the AKT inhibitor MK-2206 (MK) in experimental xenografts to test their therapeutic potential against PDAC. Results: Median animal survival in human intraperitoneal PDAC xenografts in mice revealed that the median survival was 21 days in controls; this was significantly improved by the NPT+Gem combination (35 days, a 67% increase over controls, p = 0.0007). Median survival was further increased by addition of MK-2206 or trametinib to NPT+Gem chemotherapy group: NPT+Gem+MK (39 days, a 86% increase over controls, p = 0.0003), NPT+Gem+Tra (43 days, a 105% increase over controls, p = 0.0003) and NPT+Gem+MK+Tra (48 days, a 129% increase over controls, p = 0.002). In human subcutaneous PDAC xenografts, MK-2206 or trametinib were able to enhance NPT+Gem effects. Compared to controls (100±34.8), the percent net local tumor growth in different therapy groups was: NPT+Gem 21.8±5.9 (p = 0.003), NPT+Gem+MK 17.2±4.8 (p = 0.002), NPT+Gem+Tra 7.1±11.2 (p = 0.002) and NPT+Gem+MK+Tra 5.7±9.1 (p = 0.001). In vivo effects of Tra and MK correlated with reduced expression of phospho-ERK and phospho-AKT in Western blots of tumor samples. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the effects of NPT+Gem can be enhanced through combined inhibition of MAPK and PI3K signaling pathways, which clinically could yield in improved antitumor results.

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Wang, Jian, Jiasui Chai, Lei Liu, Zilin Cui, Dongming Duan, Rui Shi e Yamin Zhang. "Dual-functional melanin-based nanoliposomes for combined chemotherapy and photothermal therapy of pancreatic cancer". RSC Advances 9, n. 6 (2019): 3012–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra09420a.

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GEM-Mel-Lip converted light to heat based on melanin after entering the tumor cells, and then the phospholipid fluidity was increased under the hyperthermia generated, resulting in the release of GEM.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Gem therapy"

Ascue, Gomez Yoanna Victoria, Cerna Sofia Alexandra Enriquez, Reynaga Shelby Almendra León, Machaca Angélica Anaís Quispe e Arteaga Carolina Velasquez. "Rumi: Jabones artesanales con insumos naturales y gemoterapia". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/654761.

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Este trabajo consiste en el desarrollo de un plan de negocio de jabones artesanales con propiedades naturales y de gemoterapia teniendo como prioridad satisfacer las necesidades de nuestro público objetivo. Con el objetivo de elaborar un producto de alta calidad, se contó con la colaboración por medio de entrevistas de expertos que nos permitieron implementar diversas mejoras en la adquisición de los insumos correctos y los procedimientos adecuados. En primer lugar, para la elaboración del proyecto se desarrolló una segmentación que nos permitió determinar de manera efectiva nuestro público objetivo. Posteriormente por medio de los diversos experimentos que se desarrollaron se pudo conocer las características que eran apreciadas por los consumidores de nuestro producto, además se estableció el precio de venta por medio del concierge. En segundo lugar, se evaluaron los diversos factores tanto internos como externos que pueden afectar de manera indirecta o directa a nuestra empresa incluyendo la coyuntura relacionada con el COVID-19, elaborando de esta manera estrategias aplicables para el entorno cambiante actual y futuro. Finalmente, se elaboraron presupuestos en las diversas áreas implicadas en los procesos de la empresa como marketing, responsabilidad social empresarial, operaciones, recursos humanos entre otros tanto a corto como largo plazo, permitiéndonos de esta manera evaluar la viabilidad del proyecto.
This assignment consists in the development of a business plan for handmade soaps with natural properties and gem therapy having as a priority to satisfy the needs of our target public. With the objective of elaborating a high-quality product, we had the collaboration through interviews with experts that allowed us to implement several improvements in the acquisition of the correct inputs and the adequate procedures. First, for the elaboration of the project, a segmentation was developed that allowed us to effectively determine our target audience. Later, through the various experiments that were developed, we were able to know the characteristics that were appreciated by the consumers of our product, in addition to establishing the sales price through the concierge. Secondly, we evaluated the various internal and external factors that may indirectly or directly affect our company including the situation related to the COVID-19, thus developing applicable strategies for the current and future changing environment. Finally, budgets were prepared in the various areas involved in the company's processes such as marketing, corporate social responsibility, operations, human resources among others both in the short and long term, thus allowing us to assess the viability of the project.
Trabajo de investigación

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Bäck, Sven Å J. "Implementation of MRI gel dosimetry in radiation therapy". Malmö : Lund : Malmö University Hospital ; Lund University, 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/68945079.html.

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Alrushoud, Abdullah A. "Polymer gel dosimetry in radiation therapy using computed tomography". Thesis, University of Surrey, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616921.

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There have been developments in radiation therapy treatment techiques, which lead to an increase in the complexity of these treatments. The aim is to deliver highly conformal three-dimensional (3D) dose distributions, such as stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Polymer gel dosimetry offers three-dimensional (3D) dosimetry techniques for dose verification of dose distributions. Nisopropyl- acrylamide (NIP AM) polymer gel was the latest to develop and can be prepared under a normal atmospheric environment and has lower toxicity compared with the highly toxic polymer gels used earlier. NIPAM polymer gel using X-ray computed tomography (CT) was experimentally investigated in terms of its X-ray CT dose response, sensitivity and dose resolution. The effect of radiation beam type, radiation beam energy and radiation beam dose rate on X-ray CT dose response have also been studied. The temporal stability of NIP AM polymer gel has been examined over several days post-irradiation. The change in the polymer gel dosimeter's physical and electron densities as a function of absorbed dose was also investigated. In ,this study two new prototype phantoms were designed and constructed for imaging and irradiation of polymer gel dosimeters to provide simplicity and practicality for clinical dosimetry. The dosimetric and water equivalence properties of four NIP AM based polymer gel dosimeter formulations have been studied by examining their physical properties, interaction probability, radiation transport parameters and performing Monte Carlo modelling of depth doses. NIP AM polymer gel dosimeter irradiated at different doses using 6 Me V photon beam and 400 MU min-1 dose rate were found to have higher CT dose response (up to 37.8% at 10 Gy dose point) than results reported in the literature for NIP AM gel using similar concentration. The CT dose sensitivity of NIPAM polymer gel was found to be 0.405±0.014 H Gi1 , which is 26.2% higher than the reported sensitivity of 0.32l±0.008 H Gy-l with similar NIPAM gel concentration. The maximum change in physical density as a function of absorbed dose for polymer gel dosimeters was found to be up to ~1.0% for an absorbed dose of 20 Gy. 111

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Frixa, Christophe. "Boronated tetraphenylporphyrins for use in boron neutron capture therapy of cancer". Thesis, University of Bath, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268747.

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Cadman, Christopher. "Titanium dioxide nanoparticles for photodynamic therapy". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/titanium-dioxide-nanoparticles-for-photodynamic-therapy(91717f00-c70e-4f07-8921-64caa9290b42).html.

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In the present thesis we propose the development of hybrid polymer titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles for use in biomedical applications. TiO2 exhibits high biocompatibility in the dark however, upon illumination in aqueous media with near UV light it produces an array of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which have the capability to induce death in neighbouring cells. The process of inducing cell death using a photosensitive material which produces ROS is known as photodynamic therapy (PDT) and is used to treat a wide range of maladies from psoriasis to cancer.We have demonstrated the ability to produce anatase nanoparticles with high control over their resulting size through a novel water mediated sol-gel synthetic method in benzyl alcohol, using either Ti(OnPr)4, Ti(OnBu)4 or Ti(OiPr)4 as the metal precursor. Through dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis we have shown that the mechanism of nanoparticle growth appears to proceed through the agglomeration of primary nanoparticles formed instantly upon adding the reagents together. After synthesis the nanoparticles could be easily redispersed in aqueous media at pH2 with any further agglomeration being controlled by the parent alkoxide.After synthesis the nanoparticles were coated with PEG, conjugated to either a catechol or phosphate as ligand, in order to stabilise the nanoparticles at neutral pH. Uncoated nanoparticles exhibited good photoactive capability in the photooxidation of methylene blue. However, on coating with catechols the photoactivity of the nanoparticles was abolished. Coating with phosph(on)ates on the other hand preserved or even enhanced the photoactivity which makes this system promising for in vivo applications.At the same time this thesis also reports preliminary investigations on the use of TiO2 embedded into the walls of model drug loaded poly electrolyte multilayer microspheres for UV triggered delivery applications.

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Tomlinson, Kerry. "Speciation of metals in proteins using gel electrophoresis with laser ablation-ICP-MS". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2003. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14729/.

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A study into the applicability of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA ICP-MS) coupled with native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) to metal speciation in proteins is described in this thesis. Chapter one of the thesis outlines the various roles played by metal ions in clinical samples. Health risks can arise from anthropogenic metal enrichment and metallodrug therapy is identified as a key source. The use of platinum and gold metallodrugs is discussed in detail. Speciation of metals in clinical samples is examined, concentrating on some of the techniques currently employed and their limitations. Particular attention is paid to the techniques employed in the study. The aim of the study is outlined - to develop an alternative speciation strategy for the study of metals in proteins. The reagents and instrumentation used are described in chapter two along with all experimental procedures. Chapter three describes the method development and determination of the analytical performance of the technique. The technique is used to study platinum speciation of protein samples enriched in vitro, the metal distribution profiles obtained are shown. The technique is next applied to the analysis of in vivo samples obtained from platinum therapy patients and a control source. Chapter four outlines the application of the technique to analysis of gold enriched samples both in vitro and in vivo from chrysotherapy patients. The gold distribution profiles obtained are shown and discussed. Chapter five looks at multi-element distribution and interactions occurring in serum. Elements naturally occurring at trace levels in serum, such as Cu and Fe, are studied in vivo. Other, lower level metals are studied following in vitro enrichment. Chapter six concludes the study. It discusses how the technique was found to be applicable for metal speciation of clinical samples by meeting the criteria laid out at the start of the study. Recommendations for future work are also outlined.

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Fröhner, Michael, Oliver W. Hakenberg e Manfred P. Wirth. "Molecular Therapy in Urologic Oncology". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-133789.

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During recent years, significant advances have been made in the field of molecular therapy in urologic oncology, mainly for advanced renal cell carcinoma. In this hitherto largely treatment-refractory disease, several agents have been developed targeting the von Hippel-Lindau metabolic pathway which is involved in carcinogenesis and progression of the majority of renal cell carcinomas. Although cure may not be expected, new drugs, such as the multikinase inhibitors sorafenib and sunitinib and the mammalian target of rapamycine inhibitor temsirolimus, frequently stabilize the disease course and may improve survival. Fewer data are available supporting molecular therapies in prostate, bladder, and testicular cancers. Preliminary data suggest a potential role of high-dose calcitriol and thalidomide in hormone-refractory prostate cancer, whereas targeted therapies in bladder and testicular cancers are still more or less limited to single-case experiences. The great theoretical potential and the multitude of possible targets and drug combinations, however, support further research into this exciting field of medical treatment of urologic malignancies
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich

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Fröhner, Michael, Oliver W. Hakenberg e Manfred P. Wirth. "Molecular Therapy in Urologic Oncology". Karger, 2007. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27535.

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During recent years, significant advances have been made in the field of molecular therapy in urologic oncology, mainly for advanced renal cell carcinoma. In this hitherto largely treatment-refractory disease, several agents have been developed targeting the von Hippel-Lindau metabolic pathway which is involved in carcinogenesis and progression of the majority of renal cell carcinomas. Although cure may not be expected, new drugs, such as the multikinase inhibitors sorafenib and sunitinib and the mammalian target of rapamycine inhibitor temsirolimus, frequently stabilize the disease course and may improve survival. Fewer data are available supporting molecular therapies in prostate, bladder, and testicular cancers. Preliminary data suggest a potential role of high-dose calcitriol and thalidomide in hormone-refractory prostate cancer, whereas targeted therapies in bladder and testicular cancers are still more or less limited to single-case experiences. The great theoretical potential and the multitude of possible targets and drug combinations, however, support further research into this exciting field of medical treatment of urologic malignancies.
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

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Blomberg, Love. "The difference between germ cells and embryos : Bioethics and gene therapy in a Swedish context". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-216085.

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Acurio, Erick Sebastian Rundo. "Dosimetria gel no controle de qualidade tridimensional em tratamento de radioterapia com intensidade modulada e técnica SMART (Simultaneous Modulated Accelerated Radiation Therapy)". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59135/tde-11072017-093423/.

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A radioterapia com intensidade modulada de feixe (IMRT) possibilitou a realização de tratamentos de múltiplos alvos simultaneamente em um esquema de tratamento acelerado conhecido como SMART (Simultaneous Modulated Accelerated Radiation Therapy). Estes tratamentos requerem um rigoroso controle de qualidade (QA) que deveria ser realizado, idealmente, em três dimensões. Uma potencial ferramenta para dosimetria tridimensional (3D) é o uso de gel polimérico associado à leitura de doses com Imagens de Ressonância Magnética Nuclear (IRMN). Neste trabalho, a dosimetria 3D com o gel MAGIC-f foi aplicada no CQ de 10 planejamentos radioterápicos usando a técnica SMART. Inicialmente, as distribuições de dose dos planejamentos avaliados foram recalculadas na geometria do simulador baseadas em sua tomogra_a computadorizada. Todos os planejamentos utilizados foram aprovados previamente no QA convencional pontual e planar, o que validou a distribuição de dose do sistema de planejamento (TPS) para comparação com a dosimetria gel. Os simuladores foram irradiados com os planejamentos estabelecidos e as distribuições de dose foram obtidas através da relaxometria em IRMN. A comparação das distribuições de dose calculadas pelo TPS e as medidas no gel foi feita pela análise gama (3%/3mm) e pela comparação entre os histogramas dose-volume (DVHs) calculados e medidos para dois volumes criados nas regiões equivalentes aos volumes alvo de tratamento. Esses resultados evidenciam o potencial do uso da dosimetria gel polimérica no QA 3D de planejamentos de IMRT com a técnica SMART, fornecendo informação completa 3D da dose absorvida em cada volume alvo planejado, desde que realizada seguindo os protocolos pré-estabelecidos.
Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) treatments in the radiotherapy practice made possible the simultaneously treatment of multiple targets at an accelerated treatment regimen, this scheme is known as Simultaneous Modulated Accelerated Radiation Therapy (SMART). These treatments require a strict quality control (QC) that should be done, ideally, in three dimensions. A potential tool for tridimensional dosimetry (3D) is the use of polymeric gel with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Images (NMRI). In this paper, the 3D dosimetry with MAGIC-f gel was applied in 10 QC radiotherapy planning using the SMART technique. Initially, the dose distributions of assessed plans were remeasured in simulator geometry based on a CT scan. All plans used were previously approved in punctual and planar conventional CQ, which validated the dose distribution planning system (TPS) for comparison with the gel dosimetry. The simulators were irradiated with established schedules and dose distributions were obtained by relaxometry in NMRI. The comparison of dose distributions calculated by TPS and measured in the gel was made by gamma analysis (3% / 3mm) and by comparing the dose-volume histograms (DVHs) calculated and measured for two volumes created in the equivalent regions to target volumes of treatment. These results highlight the potential use of the polymer gel dosimetry in IMRT planning 3D CQ with SMART technique, providing complete 3D information of the absorbed dose in each target volume planned, if carried out following the pre-established protocols.

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Libri sul tema "Gem therapy"

Saha, N. N. Healing through gems: A simple treatise on gem therapy. 2^a ed. Auckland [N.Z.]: Brookfield Press, 1985.

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Fleck, Dagmar. Hot stone and gem massage. Rochester, Vt: Healing Arts Press, 2008.

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Liane, Jochum, a cura di. Hot stone and gem massage. Rochester, Vt: Healing Arts Press, 2008.

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Clark, Linda A. The ancient art of color therapy: Updated, including gem therapy, auras, and amulets. Greenwich, Conn: Devin-Adair Co., 1992.

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Seravalli, Enrica. A scintillating GEM detector for 2D dose imaging in hadron therapy. Amsterdam: IOS Press, 2008.

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A scintillating GEM detector for 2D dose imaging in hadron therapy. Amsterdam: IOS Press, 2008.

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Seravalli, Enrica. A scintillating GEM detector for 2D dose imaging in hadron therapy. Amsterdam: IOS Press, 2008.

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Lorusso, Julia. Healing Stoned: The therapeutic use of gems & minerals. Albuquerque, New Mexico: Brotherhood of Life, 1985.

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Beckman, Howard. Gemstone therapy for the modern age. Honolulu, Hawaii: H. Beckman, 1992.

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Shi liao bai fang, xun gen wen xiao. [Xianggang]: Tian chuang chu ban she you xian gong si, 2012.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Gem therapy"

De Deene, Yves. "Polymer Gel Dosimetry". In Clinical 3D Dosimetry in Modern Radiation Therapy, 99–136. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2017. | Series: Imaging in medical diagnosis and therapy ; 28: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315118826-5.

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Roberts, D. T., M. D. Richardson, R. A. Main e T. S. Mann. "Bifonazole Gel in the Treatment of Seborrhoeic Eczema". In Advances in Topical Antifungal Therapy, 125–29. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71717-8_21.

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Carnaghi, Carlo, e Valeria Smiroldo. "Medical Treatment of Gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) Neuroendocrine Tumors". In Clinical Applications of Nuclear Medicine Targeted Therapy, 281–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63067-0_21.

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Eschenhagen, T., C. Fink, T. Rau, U. Remmers, J. Weil, W. H. Zimmermann, S. Aigner, H. M. Eppenberger, T. Wakatsuki e E. L. Elson. "Transfection studies using a new cardiac 3D gel system". In Molecular Approaches to Heart Failure Therapy, 144–56. Heidelberg: Steinkopff, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57710-9_12.

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Shirato, H., Y. Sawamura, M. Tada, R. Brauner, L. Adan, J. C. Souberbielle, N. Satoh et al. "Adverse effect of therapy and late sequelae in survivors". In Intracranial Germ Cell Tumors, 317–69. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6821-9_13.

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Fernie, N. L., e V. J. Harvey. "Single Agent Carboplatin for Advanced Seminoma: Effective Initial Therapy". In Germ Cell Tumours V, 243. London: Springer London, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3281-3_57.

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Palmer, M. R., C. Chuang, W. S. Kiger, P. M. Busse e R. G. Zamenhof. "Predicting Boron-10 Concentrations in Normal Brain and GBM from Blood Measurements". In Frontiers in Neutron Capture Therapy, 243–47. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1285-1_32.

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Cosgrove, Vivian P., David J. Convery, Philip S. Murphy, Christopher M. Nutting e Steve Webb. "Dynamic MLC delivered IMRT: verification using Polyacrylamide gel dosimetry". In The Use of Computers in Radiation Therapy, 311–13. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59758-9_118.

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De Deene, Yves, Carlos De Wagter, Eric Achten e Wilfried De Neve. "On the chemical stability of 3D monomer/polymer gel dosimetry". In The Use of Computers in Radiation Therapy, 380–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59758-9_144.

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Florian, A. "Perkutane Therapie venöser Beinleiden mit Dolobene-Gel". In DMSO, 73–77. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70428-4_12.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Gem therapy"

Leader, John Francis. "Mixed Reality Therapy Clinic Design". In 2018 IEEE Games, Entertainment, Media Conference (GEM). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gem.2018.8516530.

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Fernandez-Cervantes, Victor, Eleni Stroulia, Luis E. Oliva, Francisco Gonzalez e Claudio Castillo. "Serious games: Rehabilitation fuzzy grammar for exercise and therapy compliance". In 2015 IEEE Games Entertainment Media Conference (GEM). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gem.2015.7377229.

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Stahlhut, Carlos E., Kaitlin E. Watrud, Alexandra J. Ambrico, Hyejin Cho, Lily Wang, Jun Qi, Lewis C. Cantley, James Bradner e Lloyd C. Trotman. "Abstract 2636: Myc vs. Akt therapy in RapidCap, a GEM model for metastatic prostate cancer". In Proceedings: AACR 106th Annual Meeting 2015; April 18-22, 2015; Philadelphia, PA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-2636.

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Stahlhut, Carlos E., Alexandra J. Ambrico, Kaitlin E. Watrud, Hyejin Cho, Lily Wang, Jun Qi, Lewis C. Cantley, James Bradner e Lloyd Trotman. "Abstract 4165: Myc vs. Akt therapy in RapidCap, a GEM model for metastatic prostate cancer". In Proceedings: AACR 107th Annual Meeting 2016; April 16-20, 2016; New Orleans, LA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-4165.

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Hopkins, Benjamin, Carmine Palermo, Roshan A. Ahmed, Stephen A. Sastra, Ramon Parsons e Kenneth P. Olive. "Abstract A90: Non-canonical effects of PTEN restoration therapy contribute to improved survival in a GEM model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma". In Abstracts: AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer: Innovations in Research and Treatment; May 18-21, 2014; New Orleans, LA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.panca2014-a90.

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Chang, Xiao S., Andrew Jacob Madden, Judith Rivera, Charlene Santos, David Darr, Lucas Hunter e William C. Zamboni. "Abstract 4516: The effects of microbeam radiation therapy on the pharmacokinetics of PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin in a triple negative breast cancer GEM model". In Proceedings: AACR 106th Annual Meeting 2015; April 18-22, 2015; Philadelphia, PA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-4516.

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Manjappa, Rakesh, Sharath M. Shankaranarayana, Rajesh Kumar, Ram Mohan Vasu e Rajan Kanhirodan. "Correction of refraction distortion due to boundary mismatch in optical ct of gel dosimeters". In Cancer Imaging and Therapy. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cancer.2016.jw3a.2.

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de Sá, Marco, Luís Carriço, Joana Neca, Nádia Fernandes, Pedro Feiteira, Ricardo Pereira, Pedro Bernardo, João Faria e Isabel Sá. "Ubiquitous geo-referenced social skills therapy". In the 12th ACM international conference adjunct papers. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1864431.1864456.

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Cruickshanks, Nichola A., Ying Zhang, Sarah Hatef, Julia Wulfkuhle, Isela Gallagher, Alexander Koeppel, David Schiff et al. "Abstract 102: Overcoming MET inhibitor resistance in GBM therapy". In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2017; April 1-5, 2017; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-102.

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Cho, Jiyong, Seungdeok Lee e Jung Kyung Kim. "Bioheat Transfer During Infrared Laser Irradiation of Tissue Phantoms for Replacing Traditional Moxibustion". In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-63727.

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Traditional moxibustion generates heat stimulation that expands blood vessels and promotes blood circulation. We developed a novel noncontact-type thermal therapeutic system using an infrared laser diode. The device allows direct interaction of laser light with the skin, thereby rendering a temperature distribution on both on the skin’s surface and deep under the skin. Optical and thermal properties—the absorption coefficient, specific heat, and thermal conductivity—are the three most important parameters for a tissue phantom used as a substitute for real skin. We found that these parameters could be manipulated using the concentration of agar gel, and we fabricated multi-layer tissue phantoms using combinations of agar gels with different concentrations. The temperature distribution inside the tissue phantom during laser irradiation was measured using inserted thermocouples and thermal imaging. The temperature increased with agar gel concentration, and could reach a maximum value under the surface of the tissue phantom. Further analysis of the temperature distribution yielded controllable parameters for laser irradiation (output power, spot size, wavelength, and pulse width) to induce a similar thermal effect with moxibustion therapy. With known compositions and the opto-thermal properties of a patient’s skin tissue, we manipulated the temperature distribution inside the tissue by optimizing the laser parameters, which will ultimately enable patient-specific thermal therapy.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Gem therapy"

Tarricone, Pina, Kemran Mestan e Ian Teo. Building resilient education systems: A rapid review of the education in emergencies literature. Australian Council for Educational Research, agosto 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37517/978-1-74286-639-0.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the vulnerabilities and inequalities of national education systems and hindered the education of millions of children globally. In response, the Global Education Monitoring (GEM) Centre, which is a long-term, strategic partnership between the Australian Council for Educational Research (ACER) and the Australian Government’s Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT), undertook a rapid review of literature to support policymakers. The research has six evidence-based outcomes that can help policymakers to build resilient education systems and thereby enhance education quality and equity during emergencies. The COVID-19 emergency provided the impetus for this research, with much of the reported data associated with this pandemic. Learnings from past education in emergencies situations have informed the understandings of the impacts and implications of the COVID-19 emergency, and have been synthesised with the COVID-19 literature to inform policymakers about how to build resilient education systems. This report presents evidence relating to two main types of emergencies affecting education: natural disasters and communicable disease, and political conflicts. Both types of emergencies can also coalesce within the same education system, resulting in complex and often protracted emergencies. This review found that emergencies impact education in two main ways: endangering children’s wellbeing, and exacerbating unequal learning outcomes.

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