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Articoli di riviste sul tema "GPS timing receiver"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 19 febbraio 2022

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1

Banerjee, P., D. Becker, K. H. Thiel, and P. Hartl. "Timing experiment with geodetic GPS receiver." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 43, no. 5 (1994): 700–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/19.328899.

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Hassanien, Jasmien. "Multi-GNSS Software Receiver Design Optimization for Accuracy Improvement." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 9 (September 30, 2021): 1467–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38190.

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Abstract: Recently, tremendous research has been conducted on Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) software receivers to better serve the current challenging environments that suffers from multipath fading. Therefore, the development of GNSS receivers has seen a new rush toward a multi-GNSS as a solution for fading problems. In this paper, a multi-GNSS software receiver is designed, optimized, and its performance is presented. The implemented software receiver covers three different signals from two GNSS constellations, namely GPS L1, GPS L2, and Galileo E1. In this paper. the fundamenta

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3

MOSAVI, M. R. "GPS RECEIVERS TIMING DATA PROCESSING USING NEURAL NETWORKS: OPTIMAL ESTIMATION AND ERRORS MODELING." International Journal of Neural Systems 17, no. 05 (October 2007): 383–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129065707001226.

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The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a network of satellites, whose original purpose was to provide accurate navigation, guidance, and time transfer to military users. The past decade has also seen rapid concurrent growth in civilian GPS applications, including farming, mining, surveying, marine, and outdoor recreation. One of the most significant of these civilian applications is commercial aviation. A stand-alone civilian user enjoys an accuracy of 100 meters and 300 nanoseconds, 25 meters and 200 nanoseconds, before and after Selective Availability (SA) was turned off. In some application

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4

Straubmeier, Christian, and Gottfried Kanbach. "OPTIMA An Optical Pulsar Timing Analyser." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 177 (2000): 311–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100059844.

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AbstractOPTIMA is a small and mobile highspeed photometer which is primarily intended for the observation of young high energy pulsars at optical wavelengths. The detector system consists of a fiber fed photon counter based on avalanche photodiodes, a GPS timing receiver and an integrating CCD camera to ensure the correct positioning of the targeted object. In January 1999, OPTIMA proved its functionality by measuring the lightcurve of the Crab pulsar.

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5

Munghemezulu, C., L. Combrinck, and O. J. Botai. "A case study of the application of GPS to lunar laser ranging timing systems." Journal of Applied Geodesy 12, no. 4 (October 25, 2018): 279–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jag-2018-0006.

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Abstract The Hartebeesthoek Radio Astronomy Observatory is currently building a Lunar Laser Ranging station. This geodetic technique requires a good timing system to measure a round trip of laser photons from the telescope to the Moon and back to the telescope. We test the newly acquired timing system using examples of the Global Positioning System applications. Data in Receiver Independent Exchange Format was processed using GAMIT/GLOBK software. The results were compared against those derived from the Global Positioning System receivers that were integrated with a frequency standard from a h

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6

Pitchumani, S. Naveen, S. Arun Sundar, T. Srinivasan, and S. Savithri. "Mathematical Modelling of Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System Receiver." Defence Science Journal 67, no. 4 (June 30, 2017): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.67.11547.

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<p class="p1">At present the armoured fighting vehicles are equipped with either global positioning system (GPS) receivers or integrated inertial navigation system (INS)/GPS navigation systems. During hostile situations, the denial/degradation of the GPS satellite signals may happen. This results in the requirement of an indigenous satellite based navigation system. Indian Space Research Organisation has developed an indigenous Indian regional navigation satellite system (IRNSS), with a seven satellite constellation to provide independent position, navigation and timing services over Ind

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7

Spaans, Jac A. "GPS: The Holy Grail?" Journal of Navigation 53, no. 2 (May 2000): 293–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463300008742.

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This paper was first presented at a workshop arranged by the Netherlands Institute of Navigation on 5 November 1999 at the Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands.The development and introduction of GPS in the early Eighties has led to an exponential growth in military and civilian applications. Worldwide, GPS is becoming a cornerstone in applications of transport, (offshore) survey, (precision) agriculture, network timing, military operations and many other applications. And yet, for a number of applications, GPS as sole-means or augmented – has some deficiencies, and its performance

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8

Doroshenko, O. V., Yu P. Ilyasov, and V. V. Oreshko. "Pulsar timing at Kalyazin (Russia)." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 177 (2000): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100059017.

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AbstractRegular timing observations of millisecond and binary pulsars are made with the 64-m radio telescope at Kalyazin (Russia). Filterbank 160-channel receiver is used for observations at 0.6 GHz in two circular orthogonal polarization. Precise local time service (based upon a rubidium standards and hydrogen maser) is used for measurements of Times-of-Arrival (TOA) from radio pulsars. A local time scale is compared by GPS and TV-systems with the basic AT-scales (UTC(USNO) and UTC(SU)) within an accuracy about 50nsper day. Recently the second 1.4 GHz receiver (250 kHz × 64 channels) was cons

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Valk, M., H. H. G. Savenije, C. C. J. M. Tiberius, and W. M. J. Luxemburg. "Determining slack tide with a GPS receiver on an anchored buoy." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 18, no. 7 (July 11, 2014): 2599–613. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-2599-2014.

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Abstract. In this paper we present a novel method to determine the time of occurrence of tidal slack with a GPS receiver mounted on an anchored buoy commonly used to delineate shipping lanes in estuaries and tidal channels. Slack tide occurs when the tide changes direction from ebb to flood flow or from flood to ebb. The determination of this point in time is not only useful for shipping and salvaging, it is also important information for calibrating tidal models, for determining the maximum salt intrusion and for the further refinement of the theory on tidal propagation. The accuracy of the t

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Valk, M., H. H. G. Savenije, C. C. J. M. Tiberius, and W. M. J. Luxemburg. "Determining slack tide with a GPS receiver on an anchored buoy." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 10, no. 11 (November 14, 2013): 13743–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-13743-2013.

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Abstract. In this paper we present a novel method to determine the time of occurrence of tidal slack with a GPS receiver mounted on an anchored buoy commonly used to delineate shipping lanes in estuaries and tidal channels. Slack tide occurs when the tide changes direction from ebb to flood flow, or from flood to ebb. The determination of this point in time is not only useful for shipping and salvaging, it is also important information for calibrating tidal models, for determining the maximum salt intrusion and for the further refinement of the theory on tidal propagation. The accuracy of the

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11

Tsai, Yung-Fu, Wen-Hao Yeh, Jyh-Ching Juang, Dian-Syuan Yang, and Chen-Tsung Lin. "From GPS Receiver to GNSS Reflectometry Payload Development for the Triton Satellite Mission." Remote Sensing 13, no. 5 (March 5, 2021): 999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13050999.

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The global positioning system (GPS) receiver has been one of the most important navigation systems for more than two decades. Although the GPS system was originally designed for near-Earth navigation, currently it is widely used in highly dynamic environments (such as low Earth orbit (LEO)). A space-capable GPS receiver (GPSR) is capable of providing timing and navigation information for spacecraft to determine the orbit and synchronize the onboard timing; therefore, it is one of the essential components of modern spacecraft. However, a space-grade GPSR is technology-sensitive and under export

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Banerjee, P., Suman, A. K. Suri, Arundhati Chatterjee, and Anindya Bose. "A study on the potentiality of the GPS timing receiver for real time applications." Measurement Science and Technology 18, no. 12 (November 1, 2007): 3811–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/18/12/016.

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Yang, Qiong, Yi Zhang, Chengkai Tang, and Jie Lian. "A Combined Antijamming and Antispoofing Algorithm for GPS Arrays." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2019 (April 15, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8012569.

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The Global Positioning System (GPS), with its accurate positioning and timing information, has become a commonly used navigation instrument for many applications. However, it is susceptible to intentional interference such as jamming and spoofing. The conventional antijamming GPS receiver fails to work in a combined jamming and spoofing attack scenario. To solve the problem, a combined antijamming and antispoofing algorithm for a GPS receiver based on an antenna array is proposed. In this method, the jamming is eliminated by subspace projection, and then a compressed sensing framework is adopt

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Boehmer, Tyler, and Sven Bilén. "Low-Power GPS-Disciplined Oscillator Module for Distributed Wireless Sensor Nodes." Electronics 10, no. 6 (March 18, 2021): 716. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10060716.

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Many sensor systems, such as distributed wireless sensor arrays, require high-accuracy timing while maintaining low power consumption. Although the capabilities of chip-scale atomic clocks have advanced significantly, their cost continues to be prohibitive for many applications. GPS signals are commonly used to discipline local oscillators in order to inherit the long-term stability of GPS timing; however, commercially available GPS-disciplined oscillators typically use temperature-controlled oscillators and take an extended period of time to reach their stated accuracy, resulting in a large p

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Sun, Chun-I., Jung-Tang Huang, Shih-Chi Weng, and Meng-Fan Chien. "City Marathon Active Timing System Using Bluetooth Low Energy Technology." Electronics 8, no. 2 (February 22, 2019): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8020252.

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This study proposes and implements city marathon timing technology using Bluetooth Low-Energy (BLE) communication technology. This study also performs a prevalidation of the athletes’ physiological sensory data that is sent out by the same timing system—the BLE active communication technology. In order to verify the timing and positioning technology, 621 K records of static measurement of the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) were first collected. The trend of the RSSI between the location and the BLE Receiver when the runners carried a BLE Tag was analyzed. Then, the difference betwee

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Mosavi, M. R., H. Nabavi, and A. Nakhaei. "Neural Technologies for Precise Timing in Electric Power Systems with a Single-Frequency GPS Receiver." Wireless Personal Communications 75, no. 2 (September 11, 2013): 925–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11277-013-1398-z.

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PANAIT, Alexandru Marius. "Improved Timing for better performance of distributed data acquisition systems." INCAS BULLETIN 13, no. 1 (March 5, 2021): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.13111/2066-8201.2021.13.1.12.

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Distributed data acquisition systems are the norm in the great majority of industry branches where the process to be controlled covers a physically large and often fragmented area. Many local smaller data acquisition modules are interfaced and pass raw or pre-processed data along with the timing signals. These timing signals are a vital part of data acquisition as oftentimes raw data is processed as time series and correlations are made based on timestamps. This paper presents a study for implementation of a cost-effective high precision time base (reference clock) using a GPS receiver as a pr

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Grant, Alan, Paul Williams, Nick Ward, and Sally Basker. "GPS Jamming and the Impact on Maritime Navigation." Journal of Navigation 62, no. 2 (March 12, 2009): 173–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463308005213.

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Versions of this paper were first presented at the Royal Institute of Navigation GNSS Vulnerabilities and Solutions Conference held at Baska, Croatia in September 2008 and the Royal Institute of Navigation NAV 08 Conference held at Church House, Westminster, London in October 2008.The US Global Positioning System (GPS) is currently the primary source of Position, Navigation and Timing (PNT) information in maritime applications, whether stand-alone or augmented with additional systems. This situation will continue in the future with GPS, possibly together with other Global Navigation Satellite

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Kožović, Dejan, and Dragan Đurđević. "Spoofing in aviation: Security threats on GPS and ADS-B systems." Vojnotehnicki glasnik 69, no. 2 (2021): 461–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/vojtehg69-30119.

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Introduction/purpose: The paper provides a review of recent research in the field of GPS and ADS-B spoofing. Systems that rely on satellite positioning technology can be targeted by spoofing in order to generate incorrect positioning/timing, which is accomplished by inserting false signals into the "victim's" receiver. Attackers try to insert false positioning information into systems that, for example, provide navigation of airplanes or drones for the purpose of hijacking or distracting security/safety in airspace surveillance. New concepts of navigation and ATC will thus be necessary. Method

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Thongtan, Thayathip, Pawit Tirawanichakul, and Chalermchon Satirapod. "Precise Receiver Clock Offset Estimations According to Each Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) Timescales." Artificial Satellites 52, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/arsa-2017-0009.

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Abstract Each GNSS constellation operates its own system times; namely, GPS system time (GPST), GLONASS system time (GLONASST), BeiDou system time (BDT) and Galileo system time (GST). They could be traced back to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) scale and are aligned to GPST. This paper estimates the receiver clock offsets to three timescales: GPST, GLONASST and BDT. The two measurement scenarios use two identical multi-GNSS geodetic receivers connected to the same geodetic antenna through a splitter. One receiver is driven by its internal oscillators and another receiver is connected to the e

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Elghamrawy, Haidy, Malek Karaim, Mohamed Tamazin, and Aboelmaged Noureldin. "Experimental Evaluation of the Impact of Different Types of Jamming Signals on Commercial GNSS Receivers." Applied Sciences 10, no. 12 (June 20, 2020): 4240. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10124240.

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The received global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signal has a very low power due to traveling a very long distance and to the nature of the signal’s propagation medium. Thus, GNSS signals are easily susceptible to signal interference. Signal interference can cause severe degradation or interruption in GNSS position, navigation, and timing (PNT) services which could be very critical, especially in safety-critical applications. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the impact of the presence of jamming signals on a high-end GNSS receiver and investigate the benefits of using a multi-c

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Rasson, Jean L., Olivier Hendrickx, and Jean-Luc Marin. "Semiautomatic sun shots with the WIDIF DIflux." Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems 6, no. 2 (July 13, 2017): 257–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gi-6-257-2017.

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Abstract. The determination of magnetic declination angle entails finding two directions: geographic north and magnetic north. This paper deals with the former. The known way to do it by using the sun's calculable orientation in the sky is improved by using a device based on a WIDIF DIflux theodolite and split photocells positioned on its telescope ocular. Given the WIDIF accurate timing and location provided by the onboard GPS receiver, an astronomical computation can be effected to accurately and quickly determine the sun's azimuth and an auxiliary mark's azimuth. The precise sun's crossing

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Zhao, Shuang, Jun Liu, and Yansong Li. "Online Calibration Method for Current Sensors Based on GPS." Energies 12, no. 10 (May 20, 2019): 1923. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12101923.

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At present, most sensor calibration methods are off-line calibration, which not only makes them time-consuming and laborious, but also causes considerable economic losses. Therefore, in this study, an online calibration method of current sensors is proposed to address the abovementioned issues. The principle and framework of online calibration are introduced. One of the calibration indexes is angular difference. In order to accurately verify it, data acquisition must be precisely synchronized. Therefore, a precise synchronous acquisition system based on GPS timing is proposed. The influence of

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Ge, Yulong, Peipei Dai, Weijin Qin, Xuhai Yang, Feng Zhou, Shengli Wang, and Xingwang Zhao. "Performance of Multi-GNSS Precise Point Positioning Time and Frequency Transfer with Clock Modeling." Remote Sensing 11, no. 3 (February 10, 2019): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11030347.

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Thanks to the international GNSS service (IGS), which has provided multi-GNSS precise products, multi-GNSS precise point positioning (PPP) time and frequency transfer has of great interest in the timing community. Currently, multi-GNSS PPP time transfer is not investigated with different precise products. In addition, the correlation of the receiver clock offsets between adjacent epochs has not been studied in multi-GNSS PPP. In this work, multi-GNSS PPP time and frequency with different precise products is first compared in detail. A receiver clock offset model, considering the correlation of

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Zhang, Baocheng, Yunbin Yuan, and Yanju Chai. "QIF-based GPS Long-baseline Ambiguity Resolution with the Aid of Atmospheric Delays Determined by PPP." Journal of Navigation 69, no. 6 (May 27, 2016): 1278–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s037346331600028x.

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The Global Positioning System (GPS) long-baseline set up has been widely employed to generate high-accuracy positioning, timing and atmospheric information. Bernese GPS software adopts two appropriate strategies for long-baseline Integer Ambiguity Resolution (IAR): Quasi Ionosphere-Free (QIF) and Wide-lane/Narrow-lane (WN). With the goal of reasonably shortening the time required for long-baseline IAR, we propose the Precise Point Positioning (PPP) method for estimating, on a per receiver basis, the Zenith Tropospheric Delays (ZTDs) and the Slant Ionospheric Delays (SIDs) from zero-differenced

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Isik, Oguz Kagan, Juhyeon Hong, Ivan Petrunin, and Antonios Tsourdos. "Integrity Analysis for GPS-Based Navigation of UAVs in Urban Environment." Robotics 9, no. 3 (August 25, 2020): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/robotics9030066.

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The increasing use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in safety-critical missions in both civilian and military areas demands accurate and reliable navigation, where one of the key sources of navigation information is presented by Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). In challenging conditions, for example, in urban areas, the accuracy of GNSS-based navigation may degrade significantly due to user-satellite geometry and obscuration issues without being noticed by the user. Therefore, considering the essentially dynamic rate of change in this type of environment, integrity monitoring is o

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Liu, Lichao, Denys Grombacher, Esben Auken, and Jakob Juul Larsen. "Apsu: a wireless multichannel receiver system for surface nuclear magnetic resonance groundwater investigations." Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems 8, no. 1 (January 22, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gi-8-1-2019.

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Abstract. Surface nuclear magnetic resonance (surface NMR) has the potential to be an important geophysical method for groundwater investigations, but the technique suffers from a poor signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and long measurement times. We present a new wireless, multichannel surface-NMR receiver system (called Apsu) designed to improve field deployability and minimize instrument dead time. It is a distributed wireless system consisting of a central unit and independently operated data acquisition boxes each with three channels that measure either the NMR signal or noise for reference nois

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Liu, Li, Xingqun Zhan, Wei Liu, and Mancang Niu. "Assessment of Radio Frequency Compatibility between Compass Phase II and Other GNSSs." Journal of Navigation 64, S1 (October 14, 2011): S55—S72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463311000439.

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As the technology of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and augmentation systems are evolving rapidly, compatibility becomes a critical issue for system providers. By April 2011, China had successfully launched eight satellites of the Compass phase II (CP II) navigation system, which will provide positioning, navigation, timing and communication services to the Asia-Pacific region by the year 2012. Due to the limitations of available radio frequency bandwidths, it is important to assess the compatibility and to design signals based on the compatibility within these limited radio frequen

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Shang, Xinlei, Chuandong Jiang, Zhongjun Ma, and Shengwu Qin. "Combined System of Magnetic Resonance Sounding and Time-Domain Electromagnetic Method for Water-Induced Disaster Detection in Tunnels." Sensors 18, no. 10 (October 17, 2018): 3508. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18103508.

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Underground construction projects such as tunnel construction are at high risk of water-induced disasters. Because this type of disaster poses a serious threat to worker safety and productivity, instruments and methods that can accurately detect the water source are critical. In this study, a water detection instrument that combines Magnetic Resonance Sounding (MRS) and Time-domain Electromagnetic Method (TEM) techniques to yield a joint MRS-TEM interpretation method was developed for narrow underground spaces such as tunnels. Joint modules including a transmitter and receiver were developed b

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Yassi, Nabeel. "Trends in onshore seismic data acquisition: a case study on cable-free nodal systems." APPEA Journal 56, no. 2 (2016): 601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj15107.

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The desire to conduct onshore seismic surveys without cables has been an elusive dream since the dawn of seismic exploration. Since the late 1970s, seismic surveys were conducted with cabled multi-channels acquisition systems. As the number of channels steadily grew, a fundamental restriction appeared with hundreds of kilometres of line cables dragged on the ground. Seismic surveys within rugged terrain—across rivers, steep cliffs, urban areas, and culturally and environmentally sensitive zones—were both challenging and expansive exercises. Modern technology has made different cable-free solut

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Defraigne, P., W. Huang, B. Bertrand, and D. Rovera. "Study of the GPS inter-frequency calibration of timing receivers." Metrologia 55, no. 1 (December 12, 2017): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1681-7575/aa9b5b.

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Pan, Xiao Shan, Zi Guan Zhou, Min Zhou, and Bing Qi. "Design and Implementation of Dual-Channel and Dual-Mode Timing Module Based on Beidou & GPS." Applied Mechanics and Materials 241-244 (December 2012): 2402–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.241-244.2402.

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Against the Status quo that satellite timing service in many fields of China mainly relies on the GPS system, for full use of the Beidou navigation satellite system with our own intellectual property, this paper presented a chip-level solution of dual-channel and dual-mode timing modules based on the Beidou-2 and GPS navigation system. The timing principle of Beidou navigation satellite system was first introduced, and then the hardware design of the timing module was presented with selection of highly-integrated RF chip and baseband processor chip. Furthermore, many kinds of output interfaces

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Daishido, T., N. Tanaka, S. Sudo, M. Suzuki, Y. Saito, R. Agehama, M. Adachi, and N. Watanabe. "Design of (2+1+2)D FFT for Interferometric Pulsar Survey." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 160 (1996): 19–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100040914.

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AbstractThe Following design of a Pulsar Survey System with a Huge Interferometric Array is discussed. (1) A Huge Array of 320m × 320m with 256(= 16 × 16) spherical dishes of 20m in diameter, (2) RF is 1.4 GHz, (3) Receivers are frequency modified GPS(1.57542, 1.2276GHz) ones, (4) Phase and Delay Tracking, (5) Phase Calibration using Differential GPS(GPS signal × 2 → CW), (6) (2+1+2)D FFT /256 pixel Imaging + 256 ch Filtering + Dispersion Removal and Period finding(17M point floating 2DFFT by DSP), (8) Observing time required for the same sensitivity to Arecibo τ/τA: 0.88(Timing), 0.003(Survey

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Yahya, Fadi B., and Matthew A. Hathcock. "A Retrospective Review of Neonatal Sepsis among GBS-Colonized Women Undergoing Planned Cesarean Section after Labor Onset or Rupture of Membranes." Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2020 (January 16, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4365259.

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Background. Sepsis is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in neonates, with group B streptococcus (GBS) remaining the most frequent pathogen isolated from term infants. Surveillance data showed that the majority of cases of early-onset GBS disease were neonates born to women who either received no or suboptimal intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis with a notable portion of those women having a missed opportunity to receive ≥4 hours of chemoprophylaxis. Women planning delivery by cesarean section who present in labor or rupture of membranes prior to their scheduled surgery are unlikely to

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den Ouden, M. A. G., C. H. Reijmer, V. Pohjola, R. S. W. van de Wal, J. Oerlemans, and W. Boot. "Stand-alone single-frequency GPS ice velocity observations on Nordenskiöldbreen, Svalbard." Cryosphere Discussions 4, no. 3 (July 14, 2010): 981–1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tcd-4-981-2010.

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Abstract. Precise measurements of ice-flow velocities are necessary for a proper understanding of the dynamical response of glaciers to climate change. We use stand-alone single-frequency GPS receivers for this purpose. They are designed to operate unattended for multiple years, allowing uninterrupted measurements for long periods with a reasonable temporal resolution. We present the system and illustrate its functioning using data from 9 GPS receivers deployed on Nordenskiöldbreen, Svalbard, for the period 2006–2009. The accuracy of the receivers is 1.62 m based on the standard deviation in t

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Kerba, Marc, Ayn Sinnarajah, M. Sarah Rose, Lynn Nicholson, Barbara Wheler, and Bert Enns. "End-of-life cancer care: Health service delivery in the last 12 months of life in Calgary, Alberta, Canada." Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, no. 29_suppl (October 10, 2015): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.33.29_suppl.171.

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171 Background: In Calgary, Alberta, the Calgary Zone Palliative Care Collaborative (CZPCC) undertook a study to examine the current state of cancer and palliative services and to recommend steps to address gaps in service delivery. We hypothesized that early access to palliative care services would reduce utilization of active cancer treatments and services for individuals nearing the end of life. Our study objectives were to determine the utilization and timing of acute, palliative and oncology-related services in Calgary. Methods: This retrospective study examined cancer registry and admini

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37

Roland, William F. "Loran-C Chain and UTC Synchronisation." Journal of Navigation 53, no. 2 (May 2000): 215–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s037346330000881x.

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There has been much discussion recently implying that Loran-C chain synchronisation using ‘System Area Monitor’ (SAM) control and using ‘Time of Transmission (or Emission)’ (TOT or TOE) are incompatible mechanisations of Loran-C chain time management because of their differing impact on users. Further, the mechanisation of UTC synchronisation is described as either satellite (GPS/GLONASS) based or Loran Chain measurement based, thereby excluding integrated use of both techniques for reliability. These differences are not mutually exclusive. Well-defined chain synchronisation can logically appl

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Fritsche, Carsten, and Anja Klein. "Nonlinear Filtering for Hybrid GPS/GSM Mobile Terminal Tracking." International Journal of Navigation and Observation 2010 (August 17, 2010): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/149065.

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The Global Positioning System (GPS) has become one of the state-of-the-art location systems that offers reliable mobile terminal (MT) location estimates. However, there exist situations where GPS is not available, for example, when the MT is used indoors or when the MT is located close to high buildings. In these scenarios, a promising approach is to combine the GPS-measured values with measured values from the Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM), which is known as hybrid localization method. In this paper, three nonlinear filters, namely, an extended Kalman filter, a Rao-Blackwellize

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Wu, Peng Fei, Jian Xun Li, Yu Jian Wang, and Jian Xun Li. "Design and Implementation of the Computer Monitoring and Management System for the Multi-Mode Combination Timer Device." Advanced Materials Research 760-762 (September 2013): 916–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.760-762.916.

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The multi-mode combination timer device can receive the GPS\GLONASS, No.1 BeiDou and loran-C at the same time. Since the multiple external frequency sources are introduced for the system, it is necessary to manage and monitor it. The wavelet decomposition atomic time algorithm is used to weight average the external reference signals in the wavelet domain, and the integrated time scales are obtained. The disciplined clock technology is employed to the time scale for calibrating the clock; the results indicate that the system can achieve fast timing and the complementary advantages of all kinds

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Roy, Amal K., Claudia Wagner-Riddle, Bill Deen, John Lauzon, and Tom Bruulsema. "Nitrogen application rate, timing and history effects on nitrous oxide emissions from corn (Zea maysL.)." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 94, no. 4 (August 2014): 563–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss2013-118.

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Abstract (sommario):

Roy, A. K., Wagner-Riddle, C., Deen, B., Lauzon, J. and Bruulsema, T. 2014. Nitrogen application rate, timing and history effects on nitrous oxide emissions from corn (Zea mays L.). Can. J. Soil Sci. 94: 563–573. Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions resulting from application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer contribute to the greenhouse gas footprint of corn production. In eastern Canada, corn is a major crop with most N fertilizer applied pre- or at planting. This timing of application results in a lack of synchrony of soil N supply and crop N demand. Matching the amount and timing of application to crop

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Rogova, Nina. "Geodetic work during implementation of environmental protection measures for the remediation of oil-contaminated lands." E3S Web of Conferences 157 (2020): 02024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015702024.

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At the present level, the production, transportation and primary processing of oil products is associated with the problem of environmental pollution. The ingress of oil products into the natural environment leads to negative consequences and requires the enterprise to incur additional costs to eliminate the emergency situation and to take environmental protection measures to restore oil-contaminated territories. To restore contaminated territories on the basis of field surveys, which are based on geodetic work, remediation projects are developed. Remediation is carried out on the basis of a p

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42

den Ouden, M. A. G., C. H. Reijmer, V. Pohjola, R. S. W. van de Wal, J. Oerlemans, and W. Boot. "Stand-alone single-frequency GPS ice velocity observations on Nordenskiöldbreen, Svalbard." Cryosphere 4, no. 4 (December 15, 2010): 593–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-4-593-2010.

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Abstract. Precise measurements of ice-flow velocities are necessary for a proper understanding of the dynamics of glaciers and their response to climate change. We use stand-alone single-frequency GPS receivers for this purpose. They are designed to operate unattended for 1–3 years, allowing uninterrupted measurements for long periods with hourly temporal resolution. We present the system and illustrate its functioning using data from 9 GPS receivers deployed on Nordenskiöldbreen, Svalbard, for the period 2006–2009. The accuracy of the receivers is 1.62 m based on the standard deviation in the

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Nakamura, Hiromitsu, Shin Aoi, Takashi Kunugi, Wataru Suzuki, and Hiroyuki Fujiwara. "Prototype of a Real-Time System for Earthquake Damage Estimation in Japan." Journal of Disaster Research 8, no. 5 (October 1, 2013): 981–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2013.p0981.

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J-RISQ, a real-time system for earthquake damage estimation, was developed provide information by combining amplification characteristic data for subsurface ground accumulated in the course of the development of the Japan Seismic Hazard Information Station (JSHIS), basic information on population and buildings, methods for predicting ground motion, methods for assessing building damage, and strong motion data observed by K-NET and KiK-net in real-time. J-RISQ estimates spatial ground motion distribution from seismic intensity information sent at different timing for observation stations, estim

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Bridgelall, Raj, and Denver Tolliver. "Accuracy Enhancement of Anomaly Localization with Participatory Sensing Vehicles." Sensors 20, no. 2 (January 11, 2020): 409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20020409.

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Abstract (sommario):

Transportation agencies cannot afford to scale existing methods of roadway and railway condition monitoring to more frequently detect, localize, and fix anomalies throughout networks. Consequently, anomalies such as potholes and cracks develop between maintenance cycles and cause severe vehicle damage and safety issues. The need for a lower-cost and more-scalable solution spurred the idea of using sensors on board vehicles for a continuous and network-wide monitoring approach. However, the timing of the full adoption of connected vehicles is uncertain. Therefore, researchers used smartphones t

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45

Sandha, S., M. Bullard, B. Halloran, C. Joseph, D. Grigat, E. S. Lang, and S. Veldhuyzen van Zanten. "P132: Real life management of patients presenting with upper gastrointestinal bleeding in a tertiary care emergency department - Are we delivering the standard of care?" CJEM 20, S1 (May 2018): S103—S104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2018.330.

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Abstract (sommario):

Introduction: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a common Emergency Department (ED) presentation. Early endoscopic intervention, supported by Glasgow Blatchford Score (GBS) severity, has been shown to reduce re-bleeding rates and lower morbidity and mortality. However, emergent endoscopy is not necessary for all patients. Low-risk patients can be managed with outpatient follow-up. Other important management decisions such as blood transfusion (Hb <70) and use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) also warrant evaluation. The aim of this study was to compare the timing and appropriateness o

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Hanado, Y., M. Imae, and M. Sekido. "Millisecond pulsar observation system using AOS." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 160 (1996): 27–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100040951.

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Communications Research Laboratory (CRL) developed a new millisecond pulsar observation system which used an Acousto-Optic Spectrometer (A0S). An AOS is simple and effective at dividing a wide band signal into many channels simultaneously. Using this system, we started preliminary observations of PSR1937+21 for the purpose of precise measurements of millisecond pulsar’s pulse timing.Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of our observation system using the 34m antenna of CRL. This antenna has several receivers (1.5, 2, 5, 8, 10, 15, 22, 43 GHz) with selective polarizer. We use 1.5GHz or 2GHz band for pu

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Krishna, K. Siva, and D. Venkata Ratnam. "Analysis of differential code biases and inter-system biases for GPS and NavIC satellite constellations." AIMS Electronics and Electrical Engineering 5, no. 3 (2021): 194–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/electreng.2021011.

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Abstract (sommario):

<abstract> <p>Multi Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) plays an essential role in navigation and geodesy fields for positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) services. The predominant challenge of multi-GNSS is hardware bias errors such as Differential code Bias (DCB) and Inter System Biases (ISB). The estimation of DCB and ISB are essential for analyzing the GNSS system performance to improve the positional accuracy. Navigation with the Indian Constellation (NavIC) system consists of the entire constellation of seven Geo-Stationary satellites to cater to Position Navigation

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Lopez-Martinez, Manuel, José-Manuel Álvarez, José-Maria Lorenzo, and Carlos Garcia Daroca. "SBAS/EGNOS for Maritime." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 10 (September 30, 2020): 764. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8100764.

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Abstract (sommario):

The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) has become the primary means of obtaining Position, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) information at sea. The current capabilities of the Global Positioning System (GPS) constellation, although adequate for ocean navigation, have some shortfalls for coastal navigation: some user communities have a need for enhanced performance and they can benefit from the available “augmentation” techniques, resulting in improved GPS performance. Nowadays, the users can take advantage of Satellite-Based Augmentation Systems (SBASs). The maritime domain has been used SB

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Brčić, David, Renato Filjar, Serdjo Kos, and Marko Valčić. "On Global Ionospheric Maps based winter-time GPS ionospheric delay with reference to the Klobuchar model." Pomorstvo 33, no. 2 (December 19, 2019): 210–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31217/p.33.2.11.

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Abstract (sommario):

Modelling of the ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC) represents a challenging and demanding task in Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) positioning performance. In terms of satellite Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT), TEC represents a significant cause of the satellite signal ionospheric delay. There are several approaches to TEC estimation. The Standard (Klobuchar) ionospheric delay correction model is the most common model for Global Positioning System (GPS) single-frequency (L1) receivers. The development of International GNSS Service (IGS) Global Ionospheric Maps (GIM) h

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50

Giraldo, Elias A., Jay N. Mandrekar, Mark N. Rubin, Stefan A. Dupont, Yi Zhang, Giuseppe Lanzino, Eelco F. M. Wijdicks, and Alejandro A. Rabinstein. "Timing of clinical grade assessment and poor outcome in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage." Journal of Neurosurgery 117, no. 1 (July 2012): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2012.3.jns11706.

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Abstract (sommario):

Object Timing of clinical grading has not been fully studied in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The primary objective of this study was to identify at which time point clinical assessment using the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) grading scale and the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is most predictive of poor functional outcome. Methods This study is a retrospective cohort study on the association between poor outcome and clinical grading determined at presentation, nadir, and postresuscitation. Poor functional outcome was defined as a Glasgow Outcome Scale

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