Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Habitat reconstruction"
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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Habitat reconstruction"
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Miles, J., e G. P. Buckley. "Biological Habitat Reconstruction." Journal of Applied Ecology 27, n. 2 (agosto 1990): 760. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2404322.
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O'Riordan, Timothy. "Biological habitat reconstruction". Land Use Policy 7, n. 3 (luglio 1990): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0264-8377(90)90040-6.
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Fukunaga, Atsuko, John Burns, Brianna Craig e Randall Kosaki. "Integrating Three-Dimensional Benthic Habitat Characterization Techniques into Ecological Monitoring of Coral Reefs". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 7, n. 2 (28 gennaio 2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse7020027.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Long-term ecological monitoring of reef fish populations often requires the simultaneous collection of data on benthic habitats in order to account for the effects of these variables on fish assemblage structure. Here, we described an approach to benthic surveys that uses photogrammetric techniques to facilitate the extraction of quantitative metrics for characterization of benthic habitats from the resulting three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of coral reefs. Out of 92 sites surveyed in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, photographs from 85 sites achieved complete alignment and successfully produced 3D reconstructions and digital elevation models (DEMs). Habitat metrics extracted from the DEMs were generally correlated with one another, with the exception of curvature measures, indicating that complexity and curvature measures should be treated separately when quantifying the habitat structure. Fractal dimension D64, calculated by changing resolutions of the DEMs from 1 cm to 64 cm, had the best correlations with other habitat metrics. Fractal dimension was also less affected by changes in orientations of the models compared to surface complexity or slope. These results showed that fractal dimension can be used as a single measure of complexity for the characterization of coral reef habitats. Further investigations into metrics for 3D characterization of habitats should consider relevant spatial scales and focus on obtaining variables that can complement fractal dimension in the characterization of reef habitats.
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Jordan, William R. "First Habitat Reconstruction Meeting in England". Ecological Restoration 6, n. 2 (1988): 63–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/er.6.2.63.
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Huang, W. P., C. Y. Ku, L. K. Chien e C. J. Ye. "Hydraulic Simulation of Waterbird Habitat Reconstruction". E3S Web of Conferences 101 (2019): 04001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910104001.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Cigu wetland consists of industrial salt ponds and lagoon is situated at the coast in the southwestern of Taiwan which is demarcated as Coastal Nature Reserve. The salt ponds experienced declines in bird species diversity and population compared with those within the lagoon area due to the deeper water depths. Different kinds of measures to alter water depths of salt ponds by filling soil are proposed. The hydrodynamic simulations were conducted for studying the hydrodynamic response to proposed reconstruction alternatives. The potential waterbird abundance was then estimated for the alternative recommendation. The methodology proposed in this study can reduce the risk of unexpected results by implementing the reconstruction project directly.
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Barr, W. Andrew, e Maryse Biernat. "Mammal functional diversity and habitat heterogeneity: Implications for hominin habitat reconstruction". Journal of Human Evolution 146 (settembre 2020): 102853. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2020.102853.
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Zachar, Zalán, Gergely Pápay, Péter Csontos, Gábor Szabó, Zita Zimmermann, Dénes Saláta, Szilárd Szentes, Ferenc Pajor, Márta Fuchs e Károly Penksza. "The Effects of Different Management Methods on Restored Grasslands in Potential Temperate Forest Zones". Diversity 14, n. 7 (8 luglio 2022): 551. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14070551.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The European temperate forest zone has great importance, in terms of maintaining the habitats of not only forests but also anthropogenous grasslands, which were formed as a result of habitat reconstruction. These habitats have great importance, by means of nature conservation, landscape use, economy, and forest and grassland use. The mosaic-like habitat complexes that consist of these grasslands and forest patches help to increase biodiversity and supply the habitat for forest game. In this survey, changes in the vegetation of the temperate forests (Fagetum) of the Mátra Mountains of Hungary were investigated after reconstruction. In 2012, shrub cutting was carried out in the area of Parádóhuta, and then three different management methods (abandoning, mowing, and grazing) were utilized. Our goals were the following: to perform a vegetation survey of the sample areas (i); surveying the natural regeneration of the grassland and analyzing its biodiversity, nature conservation, and economical value (ii); and analyzing the vegetation in terms of nature conservation and valuing its life form spectrum, economy values, and livestock-feeding ability (iii). According to our results, systematic mowing and a less-intensive grazing had a significantly positive effect on biodiversity and the coverage of species, thus increasing the naturalness of the studied grassland habitats, while wild game were able to act as ecological engineers.
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Fablet, Ronan, Françoise Daverat e Hélène De Pontual. "Unsupervised Bayesian reconstruction of individual life histories from otolith signatures: case study of Sr:Ca transects of European eel (Anguilla anguilla) otoliths". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 64, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2007): 152–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f06-173.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The reconstruction of individual life histories from chemical otolith measures is stated as an unsupervised signal-processing issue embedded in a Bayesian framework. This computational methodology was applied to a set of 192 European eel (Anguilla anguilla) otoliths. It provided a robust and unsupervised analysis of the individual chronologies of habitat use (either river, estuary, or coastal) from Sr:Ca measures acquired along an otolith growth axis. Links between Sr:Ca values and habitat, age, and season and the likelihood of the transitions from one habitat type to another were modelled. Major movement characteristics such as age at transition between habitats and time spent in each habitat were estimated. As a straightforward output, an unsupervised classification of habitat use patterns showed great variability. Using a hidden Markov model, 37 patterns of habitat use were found, with 20 different patterns accounting for 90% of the sample. In accordance with literature, residence behaviour was observed (28% of the eels). However, about 72% changed habitat once or several times, mainly before age 4. The potential application of this method to any other measures taken along an otolith growth axis to reconstruct individual chronologies gives a new insight in life history tactics analysis.
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Chen, Ted Yu Shen. "Habitat for Humanity's Post-Tsunami Housing Reconstruction Approaches in Sri Lanka". International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters 33, n. 1 (marzo 2015): 96–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028072701503300106.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper investigates the housing reconstruction approaches of Habitat for Humanity, a Christian international NGO, in Sri Lanka following the December 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. It analyses how Habitat's housing approaches are informed by their religious values, principles of internationally-recognised best practice, and reactions to the broader ‘Buddhist’ and anti-Christian proselytisation politics of Sri Lanka. While much of Habitat's work in housing reconstruction saw it essentially operate as a housing contractor for the government of Sri Lanka and other donors, the projects that lay closer to its philosophical core sought to engage with processes of owner-driven reconstruction, currently recognized as reconstruction best practice. Owner-driven reconstruction informs Habitat's approach to and endorsement of homeowner participation in their housing reconstruction projects. However, Habitat's version of participation differs from international standards as Habitat's reconstruction approaches rework best practice principles for religious ends. This combination has the effect of reducing suspicion of proselytisation, which was a major concern in Sri Lanka during the reconstruction process, while at the same time allowing Habitat to enact its Christian values. As a religious NGO, Habitat therefore adopts multiple reconstruction approaches in order to practice its Christian convictions within a hostile religious-political environment.
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Bäuerle, Heidi, e Arne Nothdurft. "Spatial modeling of habitat trees based on line transect sampling and point pattern reconstruction". Canadian Journal of Forest Research 41, n. 4 (aprile 2011): 715–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x11-004.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
An approach is presented for the spatial modeling of rare habitat trees surveyed by line transect sampling (LTS) in a protected area of the European Natura 2000 network. The observed tree pattern is defined as a realization of a thinned point process where the thinning can be modeled by a parametric detection function. A complete pattern is reconstructed using an optimization algorithm. The start configuration contains detected tree locations and randomly generated tree positions. Empirical cumulative distribution functions (ECDFs) for intertree and location-to-tree distances estimated from the original LTS are set as target characteristics. The same ECDFs are estimated by means of virtual LTS in the reconstruction. Tree positions are relocated during the optimization. The sum of squared deviations between the ECDFs from the original LTS and the virtual LTS in the reconstruction is considered as a contrast measure. A new configuration is accepted if the contrast is lowered compared with the previous state. The nonparametrically reconstructed habitat tree patterns are described by a log Gaussian Cox process model. Evaluations by means of line transect resamplings in a complete habitat pattern show small deviations between the second-order functional characteristics obtained from the true pattern and their analogs derived from the reconstructions.
Tesi sul tema "Habitat reconstruction"
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Bailey, Debra Elizabeth. "Habitat reconstruction as a technique for the reclamation of limestone quarry faces". Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 1994. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240740.
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Whitaker, Joshua M. "Diet Reconstruction of Bighorn Sheep (Ovis canadensis) Using Stable Isotopes". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2328.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
We determined the diet contributions of grasses, forbs and shrubs for three herds of bighorn sheep along the Wasatch Front, Utah using stable isotope techniques and determined the electivity values for different forage species for four herds. Forbs were generally the most common forage eaten across all herds while shrubs were the least used forage resource. The Provo Peak and Mount Nebo herds used grasses, forbs and shrubs at proportions similar to other bighorn sheep populations across the west, while the Antelope Island herd used forbs at higher levels than any other local herd. Additionally, the herd on Antelope Island was analyzed to compare differential use by rams and ewes. Our results indicate that there was no significant difference in diet between sexes on Antelope Island. Bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata) was a common species across all sites and was an important forage for all populations. Managers may consider these proportions when seeding in bighorn habitat improvement projects.
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Kagima, Barbara Wambui. "Habitat selection and diet of native ungulates in an ongoing tallgrass prairie reconstruction effort". [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008.
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Daher, Rania. "L’architecture en terre crue dans la vallée du Jourdain ; une filière en reconstruction…temporaire". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLV003/document.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Le but de ce travail de recherche est de démontrer que la ré-exploitation des matériaux locaux de construction dans la vallée du Jourdain, peut contribuer à une autonomie des communautés rurales palestiniennes. Pour ce faire, cette thèse questionne le développement de la filière terre dans ces territoires. Nous posons l’hypothèse qu’il existe un lien étroit entre les transformations de la société rurale, de sa structure économique et politique, et les transformations de la filière constructive en terre. ‘Trois temps’ de cette filière ont été relevés et ont permis de vérifier cette hypothèse. Le cas de la Palestine avant 1920, l’habitat en terre crue entre 1920 et 1970 et finalement la situation actuelle. Ces évolutions nous ont permis de comprendre que la ré-exploitation des matériaux locaux permet une véritable autonomie lorsque la filière est intégrée aux pratiques économiques et sociales en cours. Cette idée a été vérifiée par l’étude du contexte actuel où la filière est en reconstruction temporaire car déconnectée des pratiques sociales et économiques. Ce travail de recherche se divise en trois parties, à l’image de ces ‘trois temps’. La première détaille la relation entre la filière terre et la notion de développement durable pour faire le lien ensuite au cas de la Palestine avant 1920. La seconde précise le changement de valeurs qui s’est opéré entre 1920 et 1970 dans la société rurale et les transformations de l’habitat qui y sont liées. Enfin, la dernière partie tente d’évaluer la reconstruction de cette filière en détaillant le contexte politique et économique actuel pour le confronter ensuite aux actions des nouveaux acteurs sur le terrainThis research aims to demonstrate that the re-use of local building materials in the Jordan Valley can contribute to the autonomy of rural Palestinian communities. To achieve this, we question the evolution of the earthen building sector in these territories. We assume that there is a close link between the transformations of the rural society, its economic and political structure and the transformations that appeared in the earthen building sector. Three historical periods have been identified and have verified this hypothesis: the case of Palestine before 1920, the period between 1920 and 1970 and finally the current situation. Through these evolutions, we understood that the re-use of local materials allows real autonomy when the earthen building sector is integrated to the ongoing social and economic practices. This idea was verified by studying the current context where this building sector knows a temporary reconstruction. This research is divided into three parts. The first part details the relation that exists between earthen architecture and the concept of sustainable development; we will be explaining the case of Palestine before 1920. The second part specifies the changing values of rural society that have taken place between 1920 and 1970 and the transformations of the habitat linked to it. Finally, the last section attempts to assess the reconstruction of this building sector by detailing the current political and economic context and confronting it with the projects led by the “new actors” on the ground
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Porto, Lucas Marafina Vieira. "Mudanças ambientais e competição : o papel de fatores bióticos e abióticos na evolução de Canidae". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/163688.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Métodos filogenéticos comparativos utilizam informações sobre as relações de ancestralidade entre as espécies para testar hipóteses evolutivas. Neste contexto, a Reconstrução de Caracteres Ancestrais (RCA) pode nos esclarecer muito a respeito dos organismos já extintos. A família Canidae apresenta variada gama de comportamentos, distribuída por quase todo o planeta. Sua rica história fóssil demonstra processos que nos dão pistas sobre a evolução e diversificação destes comportamentos ao longo de 46 Ma. Entender a importância de fatores bióticos e abióticos na evolução de carnívoros tem sido um dos grandes desafios em estudos macroevolutivos nos últimos anos. Aqui foram abordados aspectos evolutivos de Canidae com o intuito de demonstrar o papel de fatores ambientais e comportamentais, além de interações, na diversificação do grupo. Para isso, construiu-se a filogenia para todas as espécies vivas de canídeos e uma espécie recentemente extinta. No total, 37 espécies foram incluídas na árvore filogenética. Foram obtidos 23 marcadores moleculares usados na construção da filogenia. Utilizou-se também 68 caracteres morfológicos. A construção da filogenia foi feita utilizando inferência Bayesiana. O modelo evolutivo escolhido nessa etapa foi GTR + G + I. Também foi utilizado o algoritmo de Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) para obter a distribuição a posteriori, com 50 x 106 iterações. A datação da árvore filogenética foi feita através do método de Penalized Likelihood, onde foram utilizados 11 registros fósseis de nós conhecidos da filogenia. Após a filogenia feita, obteve-se os dados comportamentais para realização da RCA a respeito dos quatro atributos avaliados. As quatro reconstruções foram criadas com inferência em 1000 árvores cada. Todas análises de RCA foram realizadas com o método de parcimônia. Com o intuito de entender de que maneira os atributos se correlacionam ao longo da filogenia, foi calculada a correlação de Pagel além de Phylogenetic Generalized Least Squares (PGLS). A topologia obtida aqui foi diferente das demais árvores filogenéticas já criadas para Canidae. Além disso, a calibração temporal indica que o split entre Canini e Vulpini se deu há 12.6 Ma, diferente do que é apontado na literatura. A respeito das reconstruções, as linhagens ancestrais dos lobos e das raposas desenvolveram o hábito de viver em áreas abertas. Já os canídeos sulamericanos desenvolveram preferência por áreas florestais. Em relação à dieta, o ancestral de Caninae, assim como os ancestrais diretos das tribos Canini e Vulpini, apresentavam comportamento alimentar hipocarnívoro. O ancestral de todos os canídeos existentes hoje apresentou baixa organização social, enquanto que os lobos desenvolveram alto comportamento social, coincidindo com o surgimento do hábito hipercarnívoro. A respeito do tamanho corporal, o nó ancestral a todos os canídeos possuía tamanho médio, e as duas tribos que surgiram a partir desta linhagem divergiram seus tamanhos. O teste de Pagel demonstrou que há correlação entre dieta e socialidade, mostrando que a alimentação levou a modificações no comportamento Social. Os PGLSs mostram que três tipos de modelos evolutivos explicam as mudanças nos atributos ao longo do tempo. As mudanças no uso de habitat dos canídeos acompanharam as mudanças climáticas no planeta ao longo dos últimos 13 Ma. Já a alimentação meso e hipocarnívora dos sulamericanos se deve ao cenário encontrado na América do Sul ao chegarem, e como reflexo, não desenvolveram alto grau de socialidade. Os resultados sugerem que raposas tentaram evitar a competição com os lobos para não sobreporem seus nichos, sendo o fator fundamental para sua diversificação.Phylogenetic comparative methods use information on ancestral relationships between species to test evolutionary hypotheses. In this context, the Ancestral Characters Reconstruction (ACR) can shed light on the already extinct organisms. The Canidae family has a wide range of behaviors, distributed throughout most of the planet. Its rich fossil history demonstrates processes that give us clues about the evolution and diversification of these behaviors over 46 Ma. Understanding the importance of biotic and abiotic factors in the evolution of carnivores has been one of the major challenges in macroevolutionary studies in recent years. Here we discuss the evolutionary aspects of Canidae with the purpose of demonstrating the role of environmental and behavioral factors, as well as interactions, in the diversification of the group. For this, the phylogeny was constructed for all living species of canids and a recently extinct species. In total, 37 species were included in the phylogenetic tree. A total of 23 molecular markers were used to construct the phylogeny. We also used 68 morphological characters. The construction of the phylogeny was done using Bayesian inference. The evolutionary model chosen in this step was GTR + G + I. The Monte Carlo Markov Chain algorithm (MCMC) was also used to obtain the posterior distribution, with 50 x 106 iterations. The phylogenetic tree was dated using the Penalized Likelihood method, where eleven fossil records of nodes known from the phylogeny were used. After the phylogeny, the behavioral data were obtained to perform the ACR in relation to the four attributes evaluated. The four reconstructions were created with inference in 1000 trees each. All ACR analyzes were performed using the parsimony method. In order to understand how the attributes correlate throughout the phylogeny, the Pagel correlation was calculated in addition to Phylogenetic Generalized Least Squares (PGLS). The topology obtained here was different from the other phylogenetic trees already created for Canidae. In addition, the time calibration indicates that the split between Canini and Vulpini occurred 12.6 Ma ago, different from what is pointed out in the literature. Concerning reconstructions, the ancestral lineages of wolves and foxes have developed the habit of living in open areas. South American canids have developed preference for forest areas. Regarding diet, Caninae's ancestor, as well as the direct ancestors of the Canini and Vulpini tribes, presented hypocampivorous feeding behavior. The ancestor of all canids present today had a low social organization, while the wolves developed a high social behavior, coinciding with the emergence of the hypercarnivore habit. Regarding the body size, the ancestral node to all canids had medium size, and the two tribes that have emerged from this lineage diverged their sizes. The Pagel test demonstrated that there is a correlation between diet and sociality, showing that diet led to changes in social behavior. The PGLSs show that three types of evolutionary models explain changes in attributes over time. The changes in the habitat use of the canids have accompanied the climatic changes in the planet during the last 13 Ma. The meso and hypocarnivorous feeding of the South Americans is due to the scenario found in South America when they arrived, and as a reflex, they did not develop high degree of Sociality. The results suggest that foxes tried to avoid competition with the wolves to avoid overlapping their niches, being the fundamental factor for their diversification.
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Eme, David. "Approches macro-écologique et phylogéographique pour démêler facteurs et processus responsables des patrons de biodiversité aquatique souterraine en Europe". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10134/document.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Un ensemble de disciplines tente de comprendre les causes de la distribution de la biodiversité à la surface de la terre. Cette thèse, à l'interface entre macro-écologie et phylogéographie, démêle le rôle relatif des différents facteurs environnementaux et des processus contrôlant la diversité des crustacés aquatiques souterrains en Europe. L'utilisation d'un modèle biologique souterrain permet d'écarter l'effet de la saisonnalité thermique, omniprésente dans les milieux de surface. L'action de multiples facteurs – plus particulièrement la disponibilité des ressources trophiques et l'hétérogénéité environnementale – et les variations régionales de leur importance relative fournissent l'explication la plus parcimonieuse des patrons de richesse. Ce résultat s'oppose au paradigme du rôle prépondérant du processus d'extinction causé par les fortes oscillations climatiques du Pléistocène en Europe du nord. Toutefois, ces oscillations ont très probablement sélectionné des organismes mobiles qui participent à l'augmentation de la taille moyenne des aires de répartition des espèces avec la latitude. La reconstruction de la dynamique des aires de distribution montre que la dispersion est un processus très hétérogène entre et au sein des espèces. Elle interviendrait lors de courtes fenêtres temporelles entre lesquelles l'adaptation locale tendrait au contraire, à contrecarrer les capacités de dispersion. Enfin, ce travail propose des pistes de réflexion afin d'expliquer plus précisément, à partir de données moléculaires supplémentaires et d'outils génomiques, les variations géographiques des taux de diversification et de substitution à l'échelle continentaleA set of disciplines attempt to understand causes of biodiversity patterns on the earth. This thesis, at the frontier between macroecology and phylogeography, disentangles the relative influence of environmental factors and processes shaping groundwater crustacean diversity in Europe. Groundwater habitats offer useful case studies for avoiding the effect of thermal seasonality, which is pervasive in surface ecosystems. The influence of multiple factors – especially productive energy and spatial heterogeneity – and regional variation in their relative importance provide the most parsimonious explanation of species richness patterns. This result undermines the prominent role attributed to the disproportionate extinction of species in northern European regions with high historical climate oscillations. However, these oscillations have probably selected vagile species which contribute to the increase in median range size of species with latitude. Reconstructing range dynamics shows that dispersal is a heterogeneous process within and among species. It may occur during short time windows between which local adaptation favors specialization. Finally, I suggest several research avenues using molecular data and genomic tools for understanding geographical variation in diversification and substitution rates at continental scale
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Gibson, Diana Mari. "The body in hospitalization. a study of doctors, nurses and patients in a Cape Town teaching hospital". University of the Western Cape, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8405.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Philosophiae Doctor - PhDSouth Africa's health transformation blueprint is designed to replace apartheid's inequities and instill instead a new utilitarian approach by the health care sector. This study gives attention to the medical gaze and the body in hospitalisation. At macropolitical level the study focuses on the ways in which the new health policy impacted on power relations and multi-levelled subject positions of medical and nursing staff, as well as on patients in a hierarchy of spaces such as in the wards, in the institution and at a national level, in terms of policy implementation and the reconstruction of the health care services. It shows that policy and institutional discourses and arrangements were embedded in a regime of visuality which discursively homogenised people from different cultural realities. Yet, at the same time biases related to constructions of bodies in relation to class, age, gender and 'value' continued to exist. At the level of hospital protocols and structure the thesis examines the social, political and conceptual frameworks that conveyed, allowed or disallowed particular meaning to the institution. It describes the formal, dominant discourses and processes in the wards and show how these impacted on everyday interaction and relations of power, autonomy, authority, conflict and resistance. The study shows that for patients there often was a disjuncture between policy and practice, as biomedical practitioners and policy makers struggled to define the scope and implementation of health care services in response to pressures for change and concomitant fluctuation. By problematising the notion of the medical gaze and by giving attention to discourses and practices, which were not legitimated by it, the study draws attention to realities that were deemed largely irrelevant by western medical epistemology, such as subjective experiences and knowledge, which, though lacking the same legitimation as the gaze, did not disappear but only become less visible. In this way the study widens the social context in which medical practice can be perceived and understood within a transforming South African health care system.
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Abu, Dalou Ahmad Y. "The validity of morphological features and osteological markers in reconstructing habitual activities". Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4877.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (July 17, 2008) Includes bibliographical references.
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Benito, Granell Xavier. "Benthic diatoms and foraminifera as indicators of coastal wetland habitats: application to palaeoenvironmental reconstruction in a Mediterranean Delta". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/379821.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Amb cinc capítols, la tesi doctoral combina l’estudi dels hàbitats presents, passats i futurs del Delta de l’Ebre, un dels ecosistemes d’aiguamolls més gran del Mediterrani occidental. S’han aplicat diferents aproximacions per cadascuna de les tres escales temporals: i) en el present, la utilitat de diatomees i foraminífers bentònics com a indicadors ecològics dels hàbitats del Delta de l’Ebre, ii) en el passat, l’ús de les comunitats de foraminífers preservades en el sediment per reconstruir els canvis associats a factors naturals i humans, i iii) en el futur, la distribució potencial dels hàbitats assumint un escenari de nul•la intervenció humana.
Els resultats posen en evidència la capacitat de cadascun dels dos grups d’indicadors per caracteritzar de forma diferent tot el rang d’hàbitats deltaics, indicant que aquest coneixement pot ser útil en el context de futurs impactes del canvi climàtic (és a dir increment del nivell del mar i retrocés de la costa), ja que els models de distribució dels hàbitats són sensibles a variables eco-geogràfiques com l’elevació i distància a la costa. Per cadascun dels hàbitats identificats, s’han determinat diferents espècies indicadores de diatomees i foraminífers. Algunes d’aquestes espècies podrien detectar canvis primerencs en les comunitats degut a que els hàbitats estan afectats per múltiples factors d’estrès natural i antropogènic.
Els resultats també mostren que quan es combinen les comunitats de foraminífers bentònics que habiten en la plana deltaica i els hàbitats marins adjacents, s’obté una nova eina per la reconstrucció paleoambiental en deltes. En el cas del Delta de l’Ebre, el registre de foraminífers de testimonis profunds datats amb carboni-14 va permetre rebutjar la hipòtesi que el Delta era un estuari abans de l’època dels Romans (fa uns 2000 anys). A una escala temporal inferior (10-100 anys), les comunitats de foraminífers indiquen canvis significatius en el tipus d’hàbitat com a resultat de l’introducció del cultiu intensiu de l’arròs. Aquests resultats aporten informació valuosa sobre les condicions de referència dels hàbitats del Delta de l’Ebre per tal d’informar futurs plans de restauració i monitoreig ambiental.En cinco capítulos, la tesis doctoral combina el estudio de los hábitats presentes, pasados y futuros del Delta del Ebro, uno de los humedales costeros más grandes del Mediterráneo occidental. Para cada una de las tres ventanas temporales se han aplicado distintas aproximaciones: i) en el presente, la utilidad de diatomeas y foraminíferos bentónicos como indicadores ecológicos de los hábitats del Delta, ii) en el pasado, el uso de las asociaciones de foraminíferos preservadas en el sedimento para reconstruir los cambios ligados a factores naturales y humanos, y iii) en el futuro, la distribución potencial de los hábitats asumiendo un escenario de nula intervención humana. Los resultados evidencian que cada uno de los dos grupos de indicadores bentónicos es capaz de caracterizar de forma distinta todo el rango de hábitats deltaicos, y señalan que este conocimiento puede ser aprovechable en el contexto de futuros impactos del cambio climático (incremento del nivel del mar y retroceso de la línea costera), debido a que los modelos de distribución de los hábitats son sensibles a variables eco-geográficas como por ejemplo la elevación y distancia al mar. Para cada uno de los hábitats identificados, se han determinado distintas especies indicadoras de diatomeas y foraminíferos. Algunas de estas especies podrían detectar cambios tempranos en las comunidades, debido a que los hábitats están sometidos a múltiples factores de estrés natural y antropogénico. Los resultados también evidencian que cuando se combinan las asociaciones de foraminíferos bentónicos que viven en la llanura deltaica y en los hábitats marinos adyacentes, se obtiene una nueva herramienta para la reconstrucción paleoambiental en deltas. Para el caso del Delta del Ebro, el registro de foraminíferos preservado en sondeos profundos y datados con carbono-14 permitieron rechazar la hipótesis que el Delta era un estuario antes de la época romana (hace 2000 años). A menores escalas de tiempo (10-100 años), las asociaciones de foraminíferos indican cambios significativos de hábitat como resultado de la introducción del cultivo intensivo del arroz. Estos resultados proporcionan información valiosa para determinar las condiciones de referencia en el Delta del Ebro y aportar información a futuros planes de restauración y monitoreo ambiental.
In five chapters, this thesis combines the study of present, past and future habitats of the Ebro Delta, one of the largest coastal wetlands in the northwest Mediterranean. Different approaches are applied in each of the three temporal scales: i) in the present, the utility of benthic diatoms and foraminifera as ecological indicators of the Ebro Delta habitats, ii) in the past, the use of buried, well-preserved benthic foraminiferal assemblages to reconstruct natural and human-driven changes, and iii) in the future, the potential habitat distribution across the Delta plain assuming a scenario of no human disturbance. The results show the capacity of each group of indicators to distinctively characterise the whole range of deltaic habitats, and indicate that this knowledge may prove useful in the context of future climate change impacts (i.e. sea-level rise and coastal retreat), since habitat distribution models are sensitive to eco-geographic features such as elevation and distance to the coast. For each habitat type identified, diatom and foraminiferal indicator species are recognized. Some of these species have also a value for detecting early community changes, because habitats are affected by multiple natural and anthropogenic stressors. This thesis also shows that benthic foraminifera, when combines the assemblages inhabiting both the deltaic plain and the adjacent marine area, provide a new tool in palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of deltas. For the Ebro Delta case, the foraminiferal record of radiocarbon-dated boreholes rejected the hypothesis that the central delta plain was an estuary prior to the Roman period (i.e. 2000 years ago). At scales of 10s and 100s of years, down-core foraminiferal assemblages revealed habitat shifts, together with a significant correlation with organic matter increases as a result of human-mediated drainage inputs coming from rice paddies. This knowledge provides valuable information on background conditions for the Delta habitats to inform environmental restoration and monitoring schemes.
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Marre, Guilhem. "Développement de la photogrammétrie et d'analyses d'images pour l'étude et le suivi d'habitats marins". Thesis, Montpellier, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MONTG012.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Dans un contexte de changement climatique et d’érosion de la biodiversité marine, la surveillance écologique des habitats marins les plus sensibles est primordiale et nécessite des méthodes opérationnelles de suivi permettant aux décideurs et gestionnaires d’établir des mesures de conservation pertinentes et d’évaluer leur efficacité. TEMPO et RECOR sont deux réseaux de surveillance centrés sur les herbiers de posidonie et les récifs coralligènes, les deux habitats les plus riches et sensibles de Méditerranée. L’objectif de cette thèse est de répondre aux besoins de la surveillance des habitats marins par le développement de méthodes d’évaluation de leur état de santé, basées sur deux techniques d’analyses d’images clés : les réseaux de neurones convolutifs et la photogrammétrie. Les résultats montrent que les réseaux de neurones convolutifs sont capables de reconnaître les principales espèces des assemblages coralligènes sur des photos sous-marines issues de RECOR, avec une précision semblable à celle d’un expert taxonomiste. Par ailleurs, nous avons montré que la photogrammétrie permettait de reproduire en 3D un habitat marin avec une grande précision, suffisante pour un suivi de la structure de l’habitat et de la distribution d’espèces à fine échelle. À partir de ces reconstructions, nous avons mis au point une méthode de cartographie automatique des herbiers de posidonie, permettant de réaliser un suivi temporel de la qualité écologique de cet habitat sensible. Enfin, nous avons caractérisé la structure 3D des récifs coralligènes à partir de leurs reconstructions photogrammétriques et étudié les liens avec la structuration des assemblages qui les composent. Ce travail de thèse a permis de développer des méthodes opérationnelles, aujourd’hui intégrées aux réseaux de surveillance TEMPO et RECOR, et ouvre la voie à de futures recherches, notamment la caractérisation de l’activité biologique des récifs coralligènes grâce au couplage entre photogrammétrie, réseaux de neurones et acoustique sous-marineIn a context of climate change and the erosion of marine biodiversity, ecological monitoring of the most sensitive marine habitats is of paramount importance. In particular, there is a need for operational methods that enable decision-makers and managers to establish relevant conservation measures and to evaluate their effectiveness. TEMPO and RECOR are two monitoring networks focusing on Posidonia meadows and coralligenous reefs, the two richest and most sensitive habitats in the Mediterranean. The objective of this thesis is to meet the needs of effective monitoring of marine habitats by developing methods for assessing their health, based on two key image analysis methods: convolutional neural networks and photogrammetry. The results show that convolutional neural networks are capable of recognizing the main species of coralligenous assemblages in underwater photographs from RECOR, with a precision similar to that of an expert taxonomist. Furthermore, we have shown that photogrammetry can reproduce a marine habitat in three dimensions with a high degree of accuracy, sufficient for monitoring habitat structure and species distribution at a fine scale. Based on these reconstructions, we have developed a method for automatic mapping of Posidonia meadows, enabling temporal monitoring of the ecological quality of this sensitive habitat. Finally, we characterized the three-dimensional structure of coralligenous reefs based on their photogrammetric reconstructions and studied the links with the structuring of the assemblages that make them up. This PhD work has led to the development of operational methods that are now integrated into the TEMPO and RECOR monitoring networks. Results of this work paves the way for future research, in particular concerning characterization of the biological activity of coralligenous reefs thanks to the coupling of photogrammetry, neural networks and underwater acoustics
Libri sul tema "Habitat reconstruction"
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Peter, Buckley G., a cura di. Biological habitat reconstruction. London: Belhaven Press, 1989.
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Kuriakose, Benny. Habitat mapping of Chinnangudi: A study of Chinnangudi village in connection with Tsunami Reconstruction Project. Trivandrum, Kerala: South Indian Federation of Fishermen Societies, 2006.
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Fish Habitat Symposium: Growth Impacts on Coastal N.E. Florida and Georgia (1985 Jacksonville, Fla.). Proceedings of Habitat Symposium--Reconstruction Growth Impacts on Coastal N.E. Florida and Georgia, January 24-26, 1985. Gainesville, FL: Florida Sea Grant College, 1987.
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New habitats in converted buildings. Barcelona: Carles Broto & Josep Ma Minguet, 2001.
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Sillen, Andrew. Experimenting with the Pleistocene: The reconstruction of early hominid diets and habitats in Southern Africa. Cape Town: University of Cape Town, 1997.
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Reconstructing obesity: The meaning of measures and the measure of meanings. New York: Berghahn Books, 2013.
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P, Buckley G., a cura di. Biological habitat reconstruction. John Wiley, 1995.
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Buckley, Peter. Biological Habitat Reconstruction. John Wiley & Sons, 1994.
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National Institute of Disaster Management (New Delhi, India), a cura di. Towards secure habitat: Meeting nature's upheavals : state and civil society collaboration in disaster mitigation & reconstruction. New Delhi: India Habitat Centre, 2005.
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Cushman, Samuel A., e Tzeidle N. Wasserman. Quantifying loss and degradation of former American marten habitat due to the impacts of forestry operations and associated road networks in northern Idaho, USA. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198759805.003.0012.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
American marten are associated with extensive and unfragmented late seral forest habitats, and are often considered to be particularly vulnerable to habitat loss and fragmentation. This chapter evaluates the impact of road building and timber harvest on habitat suitability for marten in northern Idaho, USA, using an empirically derived, multi-scale habitat suitability model, reconstructing key predictor variables (elevation, forest type, road density, canopy cover, landscape fragmentation and the extensiveness of late seral forest in the landscape) as they appear to have existed prior to harvest, and applying the model to both current and pre-harvest conditions. Calculating changes in the extent and pattern of habitat in the landscape indicate that timber harvest and road construction together reduced marten habitat quality considerably across the study area, which is likely responsible for current patterns of reduced detection rates and lower genetic diversity in areas that have experienced the largest amounts of habitat loss.
Capitoli di libri sul tema "Habitat reconstruction"
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Cassinello, Pepa. "Eduardo Torroja. The habitat of his revolutionary research models". In Reconstruction and Restoration of Architectural Heritage 2021, 14–19. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003136804-3.
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Maynard, Victoria, Priti Parikh, Dan Simpson e Jo da Silva. "Emerging stronger? Assessing the outcomes of Habitat for Humanity’s housing reconstruction programmes following the Indian Ocean tsunami". In Still Standing?, 21–37. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780448398.002.
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Kumkar, Nils C. "Theoretical and Methodological Considerations: Habitus and Habitus Reconstruction". In The Tea Party, Occupy Wall Street, and the Great Recession, 93–108. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73688-4_4.
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Vidler, Laura L. "The Habitus of Corral Scenic Space". In Performance Reconstruction and Spanish Golden Age Drama, 25–54. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137437075_3.
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Stahl, Garth. "Egalitarian Habitus: Narratives of Reconstruction in Discourses of Aspiration and Change". In Bourdieu, Habitus and Social Research, 21–38. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137496928_2.
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Kumkar, Nils C. "Experiencing the Crisis: Results of the Habitus Reconstruction". In The Tea Party, Occupy Wall Street, and the Great Recession, 109–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73688-4_5.
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Li, Yue, Hui Zhang e Hua Feng. "Surgical Treatment of Habitual Patellar Dislocation with Patella Baja: Tibial Tubercle Proximalization". In Minimally Invasive Functional Reconstruction of the Knee, 495–501. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3971-6_53.
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Behrensmeyer, Anna K., e Kaye E. Reed. "Reconstructing the Habitats of Australopithecus: Paleoenvironments, Site Taphonomy, and Faunas". In The Paleobiology of Australopithecus, 41–60. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5919-0_4.
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Yağdı, Şenol. "The Religious Educational Habitus of Islamic Religion Teachers. A Reconstructive Study of Collective Frameworks of Orientation in the Context of (Inter-) Religious Education". In Wiener Beiträge zur Islamforschung, 95–108. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-31696-9_6.
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Laurìa, Antonio, Valbona Flora e Kamela Guza. "Three villages of Përmet: Bënjë, Kosinë and Leusë". In Studi e saggi, 39–156. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-175-4.01.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Part I of the book focusses on three villages in the Municipality of Përmet: Bënjë, Kosinë and Leusë. Bënjë, which lies entirely within the "Bredhi i Hotovës - Dangëlli" National Park, has undergone anthropization processes since prehistoric times. Due to its landscape and architectural value, it was recognised in 2016 as a “historical centre” and as such has come under the protection of the National Institute for the Cultural Heritage. There is little information concerning the history of Kosinë. The inhabitants show a strong connection with the Byzantine Church of the Dormition of Mary, but regrettably, it was impossible to go back to the origins of the current settlement. The village of Leusë, instead, existed before 1812, the year in which the Church of the Dormition of Mary was built. Today, the image of the village is a consequence of the partial reconstruction occured after the severe damage suffered during World War II. In the first chapters, the importance of the intangible heritage is stressed. Përmet’s food heritage is well-known on a national scale for its typical products (spirits, fruit preserves, dairy, meat, honey and bakery products), which result from the favourable climatic conditions and the rich biodiversity of the area. The tradition of the Tosk iso-polyphony, the hospitality of Përmet inhabitants and their historical devotion to religion, knowledge and study emerge with great strength together with the craftsmanship traditions and the exceptional skills of the itinerant and seasonal master builders. In the following chapters, the multiple aspects of the tangible heritage are analysed. The landscape in Përmet includes a vast variety of habitats, which have preserved to a large extent their original qualities. It is deeply marked by the Vjosa River and other several minor watercourses that crisscross the territory. A special attention is given to the historical built heritage of the villages, and specifically to three architectural assets (all listed as category I Cultural Monuments): the Katiu Bridge in Bënjë (an Ottoman bridge of the 18th century), the Church of the Dormition of Mary in Leusë (a Post-Byzantine building of the 19th century), and the Church of the Dormition of Mary in Kosinë (a Byzantine building of the end of the 12th century). For each of the aforementioned issues, the theoretical and historical analysis are closely bound to an evaluation of those features of the cultural heritage that could be enhanced to guarantee a sustainable tourism development of the area. Each chapter ends with a consistent set of specific intervention strategies. They are substantive tools for action aimed at public and private local actors.
Atti di convegni sul tema "Habitat reconstruction"
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Hament, Blake, Paul Oh, Danielle Carr, Carl Moore, Satyanarayan Dev, Ian Ferguson, Pedro Pena e Josh W. Ehrlich. "Robotic System for Plant Tending in Remote Habitat". In ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-69733.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract The integration of robotics with agriculture in a controlled or closed environment is attractive because it enables remote production of food and oxygen without siphoning valuable hours of astronaut labor. Similar techniques can also be applied to terrestrial habitats to improve food security in areas that may not be well-suited to outdoor and/or labor-intensive traditional agricultural practices. In this paper, a robotic system for plant tending is presented with reflections on results of early demonstrations. The system includes remote teleoperation capabilities, a 6-DOF robotic arm, vision system for 3D reconstruction of plants, pneumatic multi-tool changer, and custom end-effectors including an enclosure latch tool and a plant shear tool. This work is a collaborative effort between NASA Kennedy Space Center, Lockheed Martin Space, and university partners to test the technologies of autonomous plant growth systems in deep space.
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Snider, Kate, Steve Reimers, Don Oates e Allen Rainsberger. "Todd Pacific Shipyard Sediment Superfund Cleanup: Dredging, Habitat Construction and Pier Reconstruction in an Operating Shipyard". In Ports Conference 2004. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40727(2004)65.
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Crifò, Camilla, e Caroline A. E. Strömberg. "PHYTOLITHS IN PALEOECOLOGY: A TOOL FOR RECONSTRUCTING HABITAT STRUCTURE, AND HETEROGENEITY". In GSA Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado, USA - 2016. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016am-288001.
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Killam, Daniel, Timor Katz, Adina Paytan e Beverly N. Goodman. "RECONSTRUCTING THE HABITAT, LOCAL EXTINCTION AND POTENTIAL TSUNAMI TRANSPORT OF THE PROLIFIC ISRAELI GLYCYMERIS NUMMARIA". In GSA Annual Meeting in Phoenix, Arizona, USA - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019am-333082.
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Kawano, Yoshihiro, e Yuka Obu. "Reconstruction of Self-Actualization Support Service Based on The 7 Habits". In 2014 17th International Conference on Network-Based Information Systems (NBiS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nbis.2014.27.
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Gungadeen, Anuradha. "Teaching and Learning Reconstructing into the Pandemic Covid-19 Online Responsive Mode". In Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.7329.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
We, as teacher educators at the Mauritius Institute of Education, have always been using the conventional face-to-face to service the Peer-Micro Teaching (PMT) component for the PGCE programmes. However, during Covid-19 pandemic, the online mode of learning was adopted as an emergency response to ensure continuity of learning while mitigating learning loss. To curate this sudden shift, the SAMR instructional design model was used in reconstructing the design of PMT for the online learning environment. A progressive implementation approach using the Community of Inquiry theoretical framework was utilized to facilitate the adjustments students had to make when moving to online learning. This shift supported a learner-centred approach that guided the students with a more accurate understanding of the novel learning modality. A mixed research methodology was used to gauge the efficacy of online teaching and learning. The results revealed that Covid-19 triggered adaptation had a positive impact on the students’ learning in terms of accessibility, flexibility, opportunities for collaboration, creativity, and independent learning. Alongside, the integration of technology redefined the roles of the students and those gained learning experiences had improved their digital literacy where new set of habits was learnt. The findings were promising and implying that the technological innovation was affordable, inclusive, and scalable.
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Novara, Elisa. "Eine Schumann-Werkstatt? Zur Übertragbarkeit der Methoden vom Projekt »Beethovens Werkstatt« auf andere Komponisten". In Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Musikforschung 2019. Paderborn und Detmold. Musikwissenschaftliches Seminar der Universität Paderborn und der Hochschule für Musik Detmold, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25366/2020.66.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The research project “Beethovens Werkstatt” is intended as a contribution to basic musicological research. Methods, concepts and digital components developed in this project using the example of Beethoven are meant to be transferable to other composers. In my paper, I choose Robert Schumann as an example to test this transferability. Concepts that were developed in the course of the first module of “Beethovens Werkstatt” aim at the reconstruction and digital representation of genetic variants. They are based on research on the composer’s work processes. Fundamental aspects of this research include, for example, the temporality of the writing process; the composer’s self-critical dialogue with what he has already written; the work routines that may lie behind it (can certain compositional strategies be derived from them?). These questions are not only specific to Beethoven. They can generally be asked in connection with other composers. However, a prerequisite for an insightful research is a good record of handwritten texts and manuscripts. Due to the rich source material and Schumann’s habit of documenting many details in his diaries and working manuscripts, a text-genetic and digital analysis of his working methods is particularly suitable.
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Fetter, Karl C., Nathan A. Jud, Nathan A. Jud, Richard S. Barclay, Richard S. Barclay, Arden R. Bashforth, Arden R. Bashforth et al. "RECONSTRUCTION OF PALEOECOLOGY AND WHOLE-PLANT HABIT USING STABLE CARBON ISOTOPES FROM DISPERSED LEAVES OF LAUROZAMITES POWELLII, AN UPPER TRIASSIC BENNETTITALEAN". In GSA Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado, USA - 2016. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016am-285884.
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Redondo Domínguez, Ernesto. "Intervenciones virtuales en un entorno urbano: la recuperación de la trama viaria del "call", barrio judío de Girona". In International Conference Virtual City and Territory. Barcelona: Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.7556.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
El Call de Girona, su barrio judío, es uno de los conjuntos monumentales más importantes de Cataluña y por su nivel de conservación de toda Europa. Caracterizado por sus estrechas callejuelas, herederas de la trama romana de la Gerunda original, unido al resto del casco antiguo de la ciudad, se configuran como el centro histórico-urbano más importante de Cataluña. La creciente afluencia de turistas, junto con la sucesiva mejora y ordenación de las viviendas y edificios singulares que configuran el barrio, totalmente habitado y lleno de vida, está propiciando una serie de medidas urbanísticas para mejorar la accesibilidad al mismo a la vez que se consolida su uso residencial y de equipamientos, mediante una normativa de especial protección urbanística.
Por otra parte esta ciudad dispone de un extraordinario sistema de información geográfica, (UMAT) Unidad Municipal de Análisis Territorial, que permite disponer de toda la cartografía urbana de la misma e incluso de un modelo de reconstrucción cartográfica virtual desarrollada por un equipo de expertos bajo los auspicios del Ayuntamiento de Girona y el Museo de Historia de la Ciudad. Tomando como entorno esta zona e información, se propone el desarrollo de una investigación aplicada dentro del ámbito de la expresión gráfica arquitectónica, fundada primero en un trabajo de análisis y estudio de las fuentes bibliográficas, cartográficas e históricas en materia de desarrollo histórico-urbano de la zona y en segundo lugar, en un estudio de aplicación de las modernas técnicas de representación SBIM Sketch Based Interface and Modeling y la AR, Augmented Reality.
Fundiendo todos estos registros y campos de trabajo, se lanza la hipótesis de que es posible ampliar la traza de callejuelas actualmente existentes mediante la catalogación y levantamiento de dos nuevos callejones, que denominaremos 1, conocido antiguamente como el callejón “d’Hernandez” que proponemos renombrar como el de la Última Sinagoga y otro callejón, el nº 2 que llamaremos de “Les Dones”, recuperando una referencia histórica anterior, que hasta la fecha tan sólo estaban documentados como paso cerrado el 1 y sin pistas del 2, y que con nuestro trabajo de campo y aportación se ha visto que son perfectamente recuperables.
Esta recuperación se aborda en la investigación, mediante la simulación visual de los mismos usando las técnicas de SBIM y AR, antes citadas, de forma combinada y adaptadas a las especificidades del trabajo y habilidades de un arquitecto-urbanista, de manera que se desarrollan una serie de casos de estudio prácticos cuyo objetivo final es que un observador, situado ante la actual entrada tapiada del callejón, mediante un dispositivo tipo Tablet PC, conectado a una webcam y un programa de bajo coste, pueda hacerse una idea de cuál sería el aspecto de esa callejuela.
Esta estrategia de pre-visualización, ha de servir además para que el diseñador pueda plantear las posibles alternativas a su recuperación, no siempre evidentes si no evalúan sobre el lugar. En ese sentido y como arquitectos proponemos una solución arquitectónica en cada caso junto con el ensayo del uso de información sobre el terreno (UMAT) con el objetivo último de facilitar la accesibilidad a los diferentes monumentos y edificios patrimoniales del casco histórico de Girona.
Por otra parte como docentes de expresión gráfica arquitectónica, ensayamos nuevas estratégicas que permitan potenciar la creatividad. Por último, con nuestro trabajo aspiramos a facilitar a los investigadores informáticos datos y experiencias, que les permitan optimizar las nuevas herramientas y procesos, y a los arquitectos en general, darles a conocer las posibilidades actuales en materia de SBIM y AR. The Call of Girona, its Jewish quarter, is one of the most important monumental assemblies of Catalonia and by its level of conservation, from across Europe. It characterized by their narrow alleys, heirs of the Roman plot of the Gerunda original, along with the remainder of the old helmet of the city, they configure themselves as the most important historic-urban center of Catalonia.
The growing affluence of tourists, along with the successive improvement and ordering of the dwellings and singular buildings that configure the neighborhood, completely inhabited and full of life, is giving a series of urban development measures to improve the accessibility to the same one, at the same time that their residential use is consolidated and of equipment, by means of a regulation of special urban development protection. On the other hand this city has an extraordinary system of information online that permits to have all the urban cartography of the same one and even of a model of Virtual cartographic reconstruction developed by a team of experts under them you promote of the City Hall of Girona and the Museum of History of the City.
Taking as environment this zone and information, the development of an investigation applied inside the environment of the architectural graphic expression is proposed, founded first in a work of analysis and study of the bibliographical, cartographic and historic sources in matter of historic-urban development of the zone and in second place, in a study of application of the modern techniques of representation SBIM Sketch Based Interface and Modeling and the Augmented Reality. Melting all these registrations and fields of work, the hypothesis is thrown that is possible to expand the plan of at present existing alleys by means of the cataloguing and lifting of two new alleys, that will call 1, or "d' Hernandez", that we propose to rename as that of the Last Synagogue and 2, or "De les Dones", to date only documented to level of location but that with our work of field and contribution has been seen that they are perfectly recoverable.
This recovery is undertaken in the investigation, by means of the visual simulation of the same using the techniques of SBIM and AR, before cited, of form combined and adapted to the specificities of the work and abilities of an architect-town planner, so that they develop a practical study cases series whose final objective is that a visitor, situated before the current entrance walled of the alley, by means of a device type Tablet PC connected to a webcam, can be get an idea of which would be the aspect of that alley, on the other hand inaccessible, given that at present is found walled.
This strategy of pre-viewing, should serve besides so that the designer can present the possible alternatives to his not always evident, physical recovery. In that sense and as the architects we propose an architectural solution in each case along with the information devices trial on the land that facilitate the accessibility to the different monuments and hereditary buildings of the historic center of Girona. On the other hand as educational of architectural graphic expression, we practice new strategic graphic that permit to promote the creativity and as a group to facilitate the investigators data processing data and experiences that permit to optimize the new tools and processes, and to the architects in general, to bring to light the current possibilities in matter of SBIM and AR.