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Tesi sul tema "History of technology"
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1
Marchant, John S. "History of baking technology, 1870-1995." Thesis, London South Bank University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271760.
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2
Tanny, Oceane. "Technology and the Police." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/429.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
“Technology and the Police” primarily seeks to underline the importance of the role technology plays when it comes to law enforcement. As agents of law enforcement, police are needed to protect and defend society. From the use of DNA to video surveillance and tracking tools, technology helps police officers achieve their goal. Furthermore, technology may also serve as a means of control to make sure police are doing their job effectively. Another purpose of “Technology and the Police” is to show that unlike popular belief, the study of history does not start and ends in the past. It is a continuous process from which many lessons can be learnt and understood, it is timeless. Hence, this thesis also attempts to challenge ideas that history and technology cannot blend together because one represents the past and the other represents the present and the future.
3
Dildar, Yasemin. "Institutional Approaches To Technology And Economic History." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12610822/index.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis is an attempt to reassess the long debated issues of economic history from the perspective of institutional economics. Besides examining different approaches to technology and its impact on economic and social life, it analyzes the role of institutions in history. It discusses the institutional interpretations of the critical developments of economic history such as, the Industrial Revolution and the Great Divergence, with an emphasis on differences between the two scholarly traditions, namely, the Original Institutional Economics and the New Institutional Economics. Although the arguments of New Institutionalists concerning the role of technology in history have been effectively incorporated into the economic history research, the potential contributions of the Original Institutional Economics to the study of economic history have remained for the most part unexplored. The aim of this thesis is to demonstrate the relevance and importance of original institutional analysis with respect to technology and economic history.
4
Watkins, Mark N. "Technology and the history-social science framework." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1992. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1055.
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5
D'Ambrosio, Marco, and Marco Medaglia. "Vertical Axis Wind Turbines: History, Technology and Applications." Thesis, Halmstad University, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-4986.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
<p>In this Master Thesis a review of different type of vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT) and a preliminary investigation of a new kind of VAWT are presented.</p><p>After an introduction about the historical background of wind power, the report deals with a more accurate analysis of the main type of VAWT, showing their characteristics and their operations. The aerodynamics of the wind turbines and a review of different type on generators that can be used to connect the wind mill to the electricity grid are reported as well.</p><p>Several statistics are also presented, in order to explain how the importance of the wind energy has grown up during the last decades and also to show that this development of the market of wind power creates new opportunity also for VAWT, that are less used than the horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT).</p><p>In the end of 2009 a new kind of vertical axis wind turbine, a giromill 3 blades type, has been built in Falkenberg, by the Swedish company VerticalWind. The tower of this wind turbine is made by wood, in order to get a cheaper and more environment friendly structure, and a direct driven synchronous multipole with permanent magnents generator is located at its bottom. This 200 kW VAWT represents the intermediate step between the 12 kW prototype, built in collaboration with the Uppsala University, and the common Swedish commercial size of 2 MW, which is the goal of the company.</p><p>A preliminary investigation of the characteristics of this VAWT has been done, focusing in particular on the value of the frequency of resonance of the tower, an important value that must be never reached during the operative phase in order to avoid serious damage to all the structure, and on the power curve, used to evaluate the coefficient of power (Cp) of the turbine. The results of this investigation and the steps followed to get them are reported. Moreover a energy production analysis of the turbine has been done using WindPro, as well as a comparison with and older type on commercial VAWT.</p>
6
Gleave, Daniel Richard. "History and technology of Lemuel Chenoweth's covered bridges." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/89849.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2014.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 100-102).<br>Lemuel Chenoweth was a carpenter and bridge builder who played a key role in the development of the infrastructure of antebellum Virginia. Theodore Burr and Lewis Wernwag are among the designers who influenced the structure and construction of his bridges, two of which are currently standing in West Virginia. The timber covered bridge at Beverly is one of Chenoweth's key creations that have been lost, which was at the time located on a key turnpike running through the county seat. The first goal of the following study is to establish the geometry of the Beverly Bridge. To do this, historical photographs of the construction and the finished bridge were studied. Salvaged timbers from the bridge were observed to establish the cross-sectional dimensions and species of the wood. Finally, surveys of Chenoweth's existing bridges were performed to determine the probable joinery and truss dimensions. A second goal is to perform a simplified and finite element analysis of the bridge in order to determine its performance under modern vehicle loading. A third goal is to determine the feasibility of reconstruction of the bridge. The Beverly Bridge is compared to other existing timber covered bridges of a similar span and type in order to prove that similar bridges can withstand modern loads adequately. Modifications that may be made to the bridge are then discussed, covering both structural and nonstructural considerations. Finally, the cost of reconstructing the bridge today is assessed.<br>by Daniel Richard Gleave.<br>M. Eng.
7
Johnson, Scott Louis. "Effectively Using Presentation Technology in the History Classroom." ScholarWorks, 2011. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/919.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In spite of increased use of technology in the history classroom, the impact of technology remains low on student retention and comprehension of historical information. This project study examined the manner in which PowerPoint slides in history classes are formatted and the elements they contain for effective use. The literature related to best methods was reviewed to reveal practices that lead to the highest levels of comprehension and retention and how those practices could be implemented in PowerPoint presentations. This grounded theory study in the field of cognition and instruction centered on a high school that successfully implements technology in the history classroom. Qualitative data were obtained from interviews with 4 history teachers who used presentation technology on a regular basis and surveys that asked for both qualitative data and some limited quantitative data for demographic and background purposes of students and other teachers. Data from the study were viewed through the lens of schema theory. Findings indicated that bullets promoted memorization, and, as a result, information was placed in a narrative format. Findings also suggested the effectiveness of visual images and interactive activities and they were incorporated extensively. The project study's impact and the resulting implications for social change include increased retention and comprehension of history for students.
8
Jones, Amy Lynn. "Emotional factors in history learning via digital history narrative creation." Diss., University of Iowa, 2012. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3473.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study investigated the potentialities of student produced digital narratives in the context of a secondary history classroom. Using qualitative mixed methods, I employed think-aloud observations, interviews, nonparticipant observations and document collection with 14 high school freshmen as they completed digital history narratives, i.e., historical documentaries, as a requirement of their United States history course. The study found that components of digital history narrative creation evoked strong emotions in secondary high school students. Specifically, working with historical imagery and through a technological medium, study participants showed observable, activity-related achievement emotions; emotions that further resulted in increased motivation towards the successful completion of an original history product. The findings provide evidence that the use of technology and historical imagery possess potential to enhance the emotional quality of students' experience in the history classroom, and furthermore, that certain achievement emotions result in an increase in student motivation.
9
Garren, Scott L. (Scott Leland). "Copyright protection of computer software : history, politics, and technology." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28007.
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Kachnowski, Stanislaw. "A history of medical technology in post-colonial India : the development of technology in medicine from 1947-1991." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a98170a0-f494-401e-9ad3-4483e89f6359.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Over the past 60 years, India has undergone immense political, economic, and social changes, which have led to its emergence as a global economic power and regional military power. During this period, the population has surged, growing from 233 million to 1.2 billion people, making India the second most populous nation in the world. In the course of this change, there have been key indicators of medical progress, such as rising life expectancy and a falling infant mortality rate. Another striking indicator, specifically in the area of medical technology, is the fact that India in 2006 was a net exporter of HIV medications to dozens of countries around the globe, earning a reputation as the pharmacist of the developing world. Although many books and papers have been written about the emergence of the country's economy and military, little has been written on how it has been able to achieve its leadership in medical technology. This thesis, 'A History of Medical Technology in Postcolonial India: 1947-1991', is the first major study examining the development of medical technology in India in the period directly following colonial rule. The period covered in this research is crucial because it highlights the evolution and impact of medical technology in postcolonial India, leading up to, but excluding, the free-market reforms enacted by the Indian government in 1991. This thesis will also illustrate the impact diffusion had on the evolution of medical technology. Most importantly, this thesis introduces a new concept appropriate to understanding India's trajectory in this period: the medical technology complex. It will be shown that this complex consists of different groups working toward an aligned objective. It is not the point of this thesis to characterize the medical technology complex in a positive light or a negative one. Its primary concern is to demonstrate through historical evidence that this construct grew throughout the twentieth century and still exists today.
11
Vardalas, John N. "Moving up the learning curve, the digital electronic revolution in Canada, 1945-70." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq21032.pdf.
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Hall, N. L. "The history and potential of thatching." Thesis, Open University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381708.
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13
Athanasopoulos, Evangelos. "The value of teaching history with technology -- a professor's evolution." Thesis, Boston University, 2004. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/32738.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ed.D.)--Boston University<br>PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.<br>This study examined the added value technology in the form of computer-based resources brought to the teaching of history of an experienced, tenured university history professor. This added value was measured by following the evolution of this history professor's adoption of computer-based resources in teaching. During his evolution the use of technology enhanced Dr. K. 's ability to deliver, explain and deepen the meaning of complicated historical lessons.
From summer 2000 to summer 2003 the researcher helped design, develop and create computer-based resources for two history classes at a large northeastern U.S. urban university taught by this fulltime history professor. The researcher also oversaw the implementation, which involved the layering of those multimedia resources.
In 2001, some of the computer-based resources developed for these classes were also partially implemented at a nearby urban high school. Overall the lectures were all put into Microsoft Power Point slides. They included audio clips (WAV) and video clips (AVI, WMV). Some slides also included animations that were created in Macromedia Flash. Other animations were created within Microsoft Power Point to help understanding of elaborate dynamic processes.<br>2031-01-01
14
Davis, Patrick D. "Podcasting in an Eighth-Grade American History Class." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc103307/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The purpose of this study was to see how students used podcasts in an eighth-grade American history unit and the value they placed on them as an educational tool. The 6-week study was conducted in a suburban middle school in a district that is part of a large metropolitan area in Texas. Participants included 29 students and 2 eighth-grade teachers. The research questions were the following: (1) How do students use podcasts in an eighth-grade American history class? (2) How do students perceive the impact of the podcasts on their overall learning of the subject material? and (3) Do the podcasts motivate the students to study? Quantitative data were collected through a Likert-scaled student survey and logs kept by students. Qualitative data were collected through an open-ended portion of the student survey, student focus group discussion, and a faculty interview. The treatment tools were audio podcasts in the form of vocabulary-quiz reviews, historical vignettes, lectures, and a unit test review—all on the topic of the American Revolution. The data indicated that the students primarily used their computers at home to listen to the podcasts as they prepared for quizzes and/or the unit test. The students believed that the podcasts had a positive impact upon their grade, were a positive educational tool, and helped them to better understand the material at hand. The students also wanted to see an expansion of podcast usage in other subjects. The students claimed that it motivated them to study and the participating teachers agreed that it motivated the students to study in a non-traditional manner. Data illustrated a need for further research regarding podcasting’s impact on grades and performance at the K-12 level, student podcast construction, podcast delivery modes, and podcast use with special education and ELL students.
15
Hammarin, Gabriella. "STS on STS : A Perspective of Science and Technology Studies on the STS Field Itself." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Ekonomisk-historiska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-158088.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
STS, today the abbreviation for Science and Technology Studies (formerly Science, Technology and Society), is an elusive field characterized by widely varying applications and intents, highly dependent on individual people and facets, yet sharing some common aims and practices. STS has risen since the 1960s and this empirical study presents a view on STS today and a discussion on how it has developed by the analysis of five different representatives from different locations in the field of STS.
16
McCray, William Patrick. "The culture and technology of glass in Renaissance Venice." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290650.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Venetian glass, especially that of the Renaissance, has been admired for centuries due to its quality workmanship and overall visual appeal. In addition, a certain mystique surrounds the glassmakers of Venice and their products. This dissertation research undertakes a comprehensive view of the culture and technology of Renaissance Venetian glass and glassmaking. Particular attention is paid to luxury vessel glass, especially those made of the "colorless" material typically referred to as cristallo. This segment of the industry is seen as the primary locus of substantial technological change. The primary question examined in this work is the nature of this technological change, specifically that observed in the Renaissance Venetian glass industry circa 1450-1550. After providing an appropriate social and economic context, a discussion of Venice's glass industry in the pre-Renaissance is given. Industry and guild trends and conditions which would be influential in later centuries are identified. In addition, the sudden expansion of Venice's glass production in the mid-15th century is described as a self-catalyzed phenomenon in response to prevailing cultural and economic conditions. Demand is identified as a necessary precursor to the production of luxury glass. Building on this concept, activities and behaviors relevant to demand, production, and distribution of Venetian glass are examined in depth. The interaction between the Renaissance consumer and producer is treated along with the position of Venice's glass industry in the overall culture and economy of the city. It is concluded that the technological changes observed in Venice's Renaissance luxury glass industry arose primarily out of perceived consumer demand. Social and economic circumstances particular to Renaissance Italy created an environment in which a technological development such as cristallo glass could take place. The success of the industry in the 15th and 16th centuries can be found in the fruitful interplay between consumers and producers, the manner in which the industry was organized, coupled with the skill of the Venetian glassmakers to make and work new glass compositions into a variety of desired objects.
17
Montaño, García Diana Jeaneth. "Electrifying Mexico: Cultural Responses to a New Technology, 1880s-1960s." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/560857.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Electricity played a central role in imagining and crafting Mexico's path to modernity from the late nineteenth to the mid-twentieth centuries. Since the late 19th century, Mexican officials pursued the goals of order and progress, enrolling science and technology to help rationalize and modernize the nation, its economy, and society. The electrification of the country's capital was seen as a crucial step in bringing it to the level of modern European and American cities. Electricity as a primary engine of modern society permeated all aspects of life traversing histories of the city, transportation, labor, business, engineering, women, agriculture, medicine, death, public celebrations, nightlife, advertising, literature, architecture, to name a few. Taking technology as an extension of human lives, I argue that in their everyday life, in public and private spaces, government officials, technocrats, lawyers, doctors, business owners, housewives and ordinary citizens both sold and consumed electricity. They did so by crafting a discourse for an electrified future; and by shaping how the new technology was to be used. I examine newspapers, cookbooks, novels, women's magazines, traveler's accounts, memoirs, poems, songs, court, government and company records to show how by debating, embracing, rejecting, appropriating and transforming this technology, Mexicans actively shaped their country's quest for modernity.
18
Seibert-Johnston, Rebecca. "History in Your Hand| A Case Study of Digital History and Augmented Reality Using Mound 72." Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1560774.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
<p> The use of augmented reality and mobile applications offers a unique and applicable presentation experience for digital historians. This is a case study of such a presentation using Mound 72 at Cahokia Mounds.</p>
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Sims, Jessica R. "Questioning the essence of technology : Heidegger and the history of truth /." Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/9838.
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Athey, Graeme. "Technology, history and pedagogy : exploring the distance between theory and practice." Thesis, University of Bath, 2017. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.760877.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis examines the apparent paradox between the introduction of new technology into the classroom and studies that have reported that they have had little effect on learning (Cuban, 1986; 2001; 2003; Selwyn, 2014; 2015; 2016a; 2016b). If this is the case, then it raises the question of why. Central to this thesis is the apparent distance between expectations of technology in teaching and learning and the current practices of teachers and young people. The context for this enquiry is a special school in the UK that is designated as an IT Showcase School. Following an examination of the literature, the thesis provides an account of the history of the Gutenberg press as a means of identifying how technology might change social and educational practices. Given the length of time it takes for major technological change to take effect, any study of the impact of new technology needs to be placed in a historical context. Of particular note, is that with respect to the Church the role of both the priesthood and the laity changed as a result of the Gutenberg press. The dissemination of knowledge through the books produced by the technology of the Press enabled the traditional authority of the Church to be challenged. This analysis is used as a guide to examining the current social and educational practices of young people and teachers to try to elicit whether any parallels can be drawn between the history of the Gutenberg and current uses of new technology. The historical analysis lays the ground for a study of the views of teachers and students to assess the ways new technology is being used by them. The views of young people and teachers are garnered through focus groups, a collaborative IT tool, and open-ended questionnaires. It is found that the traditional role of the teacher is being challenged as are the ways young people communicate outside the classroom. The teachers raised a series of issues that were barriers to the innovative use of technology, while the students drew a strong distinction between the uses of technology outside school and inside, which may also deter innovative technologies for learning. This thesis concludes with a set of practical implications for how we might improve the incorporation of technology in the learning process, more effectively.
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Sims, Jessica R. 1981. "Questioning the Essence of Technology: Heidegger and the History of Truth." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/9838.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
vii, 73 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.<br>This project explores Martin Heidegger's extensive engagement with technology
and stands as a defense of his approach. In doing this I will explicate how technology
should not be viewed simply as a means for human use but must be recognized as a way in
which the truth reveals itself. This requires an inquiry into how modem technology
approaches the world in a way that differs from approaches of the past. By showing what
this difference is and how it is making its appearance, it becomes possible to see that
technology places humanity into a new and dangerous relationship with itself. I would like
to show that this danger can only be properly attended to and averted through a tum to
historical reflection.<br>Committee in Charge:
John T. Lysaker, Chair; Peter A. Warnek
22
Timney, Todd F. "Design History Matters: Visualizing Graphic Design History Through New Media." VCU Scholars Compass, 2007. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd_retro/38.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
New media's emerging influence on society and the design profession is profound. Currently unrealized, the intersection of graphic design history and digital media is an area worthy of further examination. For graphic designers trained in the design of fixed content for traditional media, new media's challengeto develop open-ended systems that adapt to dynamic content, customization, and multiple authorshipcan be unsettling. But the potential benefits of this exploration are many. The ability to synthesize video, sound, static imagery, and textual information to present interactive content that adapts to the contemporary history of graphic design student's multi-modal and mobile lifestyle will provide a significant advantage.
23
Braitman, Laurel. "Animal madness : a natural history of disorder." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/86284.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis: Ph. D. in History, Anthropology, and Science, Technology and Society (HASTS), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Science, Technology and Society, 2013.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 255-288).<br>Beginning in the late 19 th century, changing conceptions of relatedness between people and other animals -- and animals' assumed capacities for, or susceptibilities to, mental or emotional distress-- were influenced by debates over what it meant to be both human and sane in Britain and the United States. Through a historical, partly-ethnographic, investigation of animal insanity in various times and places in the Anglo-American world from the late I 9 th century through the early 21st, I argue that identifying animal madness, insanity, nervous disorders, anxiety disorders, phobias, depression, obsessive compulsivities, suicidal behaviors and more, has not only served as a way of affixing meaning to puzzling animal acts, but has been used to denote borders (or lack thereof) between certain groups of humans and certain groups of animals. As with other divisions, such as those hinging on race, gender, nationality or class, ideas surrounding which humans and which other animals could experience particular forms of insanity have been used to justify certain forms of treatment (or mistreatment), to rationalize needs for confinement or freedom, or to determine what sorts of people and other creatures were deserving of rights and to what degree. I suggest that the history of attempts to identify certain emotional phenomena such as melancholy and suicidal behavior in horses and monkeys, to, more recently, obsessive-compulsivity in parrots and PTSD in military dogs, demonstrates that other animals have acted as mirrors and proxies for disordered Anglo-American minds for more than a century. Drawing upon archival sources, published literature in the fields of ethology, psychology, psychiatry, psychopharmacology, and the veterinary sciences, as well as environmental history, history of medicine and animal studies, combined with interviews and participant observation, I argue that attempts to locate insanity, mental illness, dysfunction and "normalcy" among nonhumans has had wide-ranging effects on diagnostic and therapeutic practices in humans and other animals alike in the United States and Britain.<br>by Laurel Braitman.<br>Ph. D. in History, Anthropology, and Science, Technology and Society (HASTS)
24
Comshaw-Arnold, Benjamin W. "Feudalism in Decline: The Influence of Technology on Society." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1399675397.
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Doppen, Frans H. "Beginning social studies teachers' use of technology in the teaching of history." [Gainesville, Fla.]: University of Florida, 2002. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0000524.
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Torsson, Michael. "Cyborg athletes : A European history of gender, technology and virtue in sports." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för kultur och kommunikation, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-95623.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This essay takes its start in a discussion on gender, sports and cyborgs by Swedish philosopher Kutte Jönsson in his book Idrottsfilosofiska introduktioner. I argue that he is wrong in arguing for agnosticism as to what sport is. Instead I give an historic account of what sport is and what values is inherent in our modern conception of sport. According to my account there are at least four distinct European traditions of sport. These are the Greek, Roman, Nordic and British traditions and each have their own history and their own set of values. Based on these traditions and what they have in common I suggest the following definition: sport is a public display of mental and physical discipline corresponding to socially relevant values and includes an element of competition. I then discuss how this definition of sports and the many different, and sometimes conflicting, values inherent in our modern conception of sports, effect the line of reasoning suggested by Jönsson. I conclude that they strengthen his position and that gender separation should in sports should be abolished. I have found that one central value within the field of sport, expression of self, is especially important. I also argue that the same arguments pose a strong challenge for arguments against doping and other technological enhancements in sports.<br>Den här uppsatsen bygger vidare på Kutte Jönssons diskussion om genus, sport och och cyborger i Idrottsfilosofiska introduktioner i vilken han tar ställning för en agnostisk hållning till vad sport är. Jag menar tvärtom att vi har mycket god kunskap om sportens historia och att det går att skapa en definition utifrån vad olika idrottsliga traditioner har gemensamt. I den här uppsatsen tittar jag på de fyra stora idrottsliga traditionerna i Europa. Dessa är den grekiska, romerska, nordiska och den brittiska traditionen. Utifrån vad dessa har gemensamt föreslår jag i uppsatsen följande definition av sport. Sport är ett publikt uppvisande av mental och fysisk disciplin som motsvarar socialt relevanta värden och inkluderar ett element av tävlan. I uppsatsen diskuterar jag sedan hur denna definition och framför allt de många olika, ofta konkurrerande, värden som finns nedärvda i begreppet sport påverkar Jönssons diskussion. Jag kommer fram till att de stärker hans argumentation och att vi bör överge könsseparation inom idrottsvärlden. Av de värden jag har funnit inom de olika idrottstraditionerna är ett särskilt viktigt, nämligen värdet av att atleterna kan uttrycka sig själva genom sitt idrottsutövande. Jag argumenterar även för att samma resonemang utgör en allvarlig utmaning för de som vill att doping och andra tekniska förstärkningar av kroppen ska vara förbjudna i sportsliga sammanhang.
27
Roark, Jessica A. "History and technology : the creation of the Ball State Jazz Media Archive." Virtual Press, 2008. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1397649.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This creative project details the process involved in the creation of the Ball State Jazz Media Archive. This archive will contain oral histories collected from individuals involved with the Ball State jazz program, photographs that are otherwise unavailable for study and other historical materials relevant to jazz at Ball State University. The historical significance and academic uses of such an archive have been described as well as a thorough overview of other major jazz media archives in the United States and other academic projects involving oral history. This project also includes the plans for future collection and population of the archive through the efforts of Sigma Alpha Iota, an international fraternity for women in music.<br>Department of Telecommunications
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Haug, Knut Hallvard Sverre. "Engineering humans : cultural history of the science and technology of human enhancement." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2016. http://bbktheses.da.ulcc.ac.uk/210/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis investigates the technological imaginary of human enhancement: how it has been conceived historically and the scientific understanding that has shaped it. Human enhancement technologies have been prominent in popular culture narratives for a long time, but in the past twenty years they have moved out of science fiction to being an issue for serious discussion, in academic disciplines, political debate and the mass media. Even so, the bioethical debate on enhancement, whether it is pharmacological means of improving cognition and morality or genetic engineering to create smarter people or other possibilities, is consistently centred on technologies that do not yet exist. The investigation is divided into three main areas: a chapter on eugenics, two chapters on cybernetics and the cyborg, and two chapters on transhumanism. All three areas of enhancement thinking have a corresponding understanding of and reference to evolutionary theory and the human as a category. Insofar as ‘enhancement’ is a vague and relative turn, the chapters show how each approach wrestles with how to formulate what is good and desirable. When this has inevitably proven difficult, the technologies themselves dictate what and how ‘enhancement’ comes about. Eugenics treats the human in terms of populations – as a species, but also in abstract categories such as nation and race. I follow the establishment of eugenics from the development of a statistical understanding of measuring human aptitude, with emphasis on the work of Francis Galton and the formulation of the regression to the mean. The following two chapters on cybernetics and the cyborg analyses how the metaphor of the body as machine has changed relative to what is meant by ‘machine’: associated with Cartesian dualism, cybernetics marked a shift in how we understand the term. Through a reading of the original formulation of the cyborg, I connect it to evolutionary adaptationism and a cybernetic ‘black box’ approach. The last two chapters look at a more recent approach to enhancement as a moral imperative, transhumanism. Since some transhumanists seek to ground themselves philosophically as the inheritors to Enlightenment humanism, the concept of ‘morphological freedom’ is central, representing an extension of humanistic principles of liberty brought into an age which privileges information over matter. The final chapter looks at how the privileging of information leads to a universal computational ontology, and I specifically look at the work of Ray Kurzweil, a prominent transhumanist, and how the computationalist narrative creates a teleological understanding of both human worth and evolution.
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Cordovez, Mónica. "Transfer of technology to Latin America." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60476.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The acquisition of foreign technology is an imperative requisite for the economic and social progress of developing countries. However, the strong bargaining position of technology suppliers vis a vis technology acquirers unduly influences the terms and conditions under which technology is conveyed to developing countries and perpetuates their dependence on foreign sources of technology.<br>State intervention, through the enactment of technology transfer legislation, is a viable alternative for strengthening the acquirer's bargaining position, and thus obtaining technology under fair and equitable terms. Technology transfer policies must focus on the generation of indigenous technological capabilities, rather than on the mere importation of consumptive technology. In order to achieve their ultimate goals--social and economic progress and technological self-reliance, developing countries' governments must integrate these policies within concrete and long-term economic development programs.
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Brown, Alexander F. G. (Alexander Frederic Garder) 1970. "Accidents, engineering and history at NASA: 1967-2003." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/55162.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D. in History, Anthropology, and Science, Technology and Society (HASTS))--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Science, Technology and Society, 2009.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 293-320).<br>The manned spaceflight program of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has suffered three fatal accidents: one in the Apollo program and two in the Space Transportation System (the Shuttle). These were the fatal fire in Apollo 204 (Apollo 1) in 1967, the explosion of the Solid Rocket Booster in STS-51L (Challenger) in 1986, and the destruction of the orbiter in STS-107 (Columbia). Three astronauts lost their lives in 1967, and in each Shuttle accident seven astronauts were killed. Following each of these fatal accidents, a significant investigation was conducted and a comprehensive investigation report produced. These investigation reports each served to create public narratives of the reasons for the accidents. The reports shaped the accidents' legacies for the space program and for large-scale complex engineering projects more generally. This thesis re-examines the evidence produced to investigate and explain each accident. By analyzing the investigation reports critically, as well as reviewing the accidents themselves, this work considers how engineering cultures and practices at NASA shifted to meet the changing demands of the space program. It argues that the public narratives of the accidents are not completely congruent with the engineering evidence, and that these very selective narratives are influential in shaping future strengths (and weaknesses) at NASA. By re-examining the accident evidence, the reports, and the role of each accident in shaping NASA engineering cultures, the thesis provides a view of engineering very different from what is apparent in previous historical work on the space program.<br>by Alexander F.G. Brown.<br>Ph.D.in History, Anthropology, and Science, Technology and Society (HASTS
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Blond, A. J. L. "Technology and tradition : wireless telegraphy and the Royal Navy 1895 - 1920." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239908.
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Yoo, Ahyoung. "To Be Two Places at Once: Technology, Globalization and Contemporary Korean Art." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1500618781488661.
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Roper, Pamela. "Seeking a clearer channel: Canadian ventures in satellite technology and nation building, 1958--1972." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29003.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This account of Canada's early research and telecommunications satellite programs provides insight into the evolution of Canada's advanced technology capacity, viewed by most as essential to a country's well-being. It synthesizes developments in several fields including federal government science and industrial policies, and Canada-U.S. relations. It also reveals the unintended impacts of nationalism.
Through source materials including Royal Commission reports, position papers, and internal memoranda, this study attempts to recreate the policy consciousness that pervaded the federal government from the late 1950's into the early 1970's to expose and understand the motivations that led Canada to enter the space age and to become the first country in the world to have its own domestic telecommunications satellite. Like consciousness itself, the development of Canada's early satellite program was based on the blending of experience and perception. The success of the first Alouette led to the extended International Satellites for Ionospheric Studies (ISIS) research satellite program, while prevailing perceptions about the need to bolster Canada's science and technology base as well as concerns about American cultural and economic dominance guided policy makers to invest in a domestic telecommunications satellite in the late 1960's.
The consciousness that affected Canadian policy and opinion makers oscillated between a defensive and an expansionary nationalism. Despite nearly a century of nationhood, the Canadian mentality of the 1960's unfairly compared itself with the leading Anglo metropoles of Great Britain and the United States, which resulted in a self-defeating inferiority complex and anti-colonial outlook. At the same time, Canada, in keeping with the rest of Western culture, was affected by an imperial drive that impelled politicians and government officials to seek ways to ensure that the country expanded and developed.
In the early part of the decade, this drive began to focus on science and technology as the keys to prosperity. Canadian policy makers quickly adopted this stance, but their prescriptions were based on misleading analyses that the country's research and development (R&D) greatly lagged behind other industrial nations. Social critics and government insiders leapt to the mistaken conclusion that the blame for this perceived underdevelopment lay with the pattern of American foreign ownership in the Canadian economy.
Policy and opinion leaders' ready acceptance of the "branch plant" explanation regarding what they believed were weaknesses in Canada's R&D base, despite credible evidence to the contrary, indicated their tendency to place perception ahead of analysis to the detriment of sound decision making and planning. Thus, the paradox of economic nationalism was that it weakened Canadian initiative rather than strengthened it, as was the purported intent.
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Natraj, Ashwini. "Essays on archaic institutions and modern technology." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2012. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/515/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
I present three essays discussing the impact of archaic institutions and technology on inequality in wages and political participation. First I examine a modern facet of the Indian caste system: political quotas for disadvantaged minorities and their impact on political participation. I find that aggregate turnout falls by 9% of the baseline and right-wing parties win 50% more often, but electoral competition is not significantly affected. Detailed individual-level data for one state suggests that voter participation falls among women and minorities. This suggests that restricting candidate identity to minorities may cause some bias in voter participation. Next, I study caste and human capital: specifically why workers remain in lowpaying hereditary occupations, providing an explanation for both occupational specialization and hereditary occupations. I use a simple model of insurance provision in which parents pass on human capital to their children in return for insurance in the event of sickness, and find that workers with low human capital are likelier to participate in the arrangement, and that a higher cost of sickness can sustain higher human capital transfers. I conclude by studying human capital and technology- the impact of information and communication technologies (ICT) on wage inequality. We tested the hypothesis that information and communication technologies (ICT) polarize labour markets, by increasing demand for the highly educated at the expense of the middle educated, with little effect on low-educated workers. Using data on the US, Japan, and nine European countries from 1980-2004, we find that industries with faster ICT growth shifted demand from middle educated workers to highly educated workers, consistent with ICT-based polarization. Trade openness is also associated with polarization, but this is not robust to controlling for Research and Development. Technologies account for up to a quarter of the growth in demand for highly educated workers.
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Waters, James. "Four papers on the economics of technology." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2015. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/28468/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This dissertation consists of four chapters on the economics of technology. The chapters study different aspects of innovation generation and diffusion. In broad terms, chapter one looks at how innovation spreads by social contact, while chapter two looks at welfare consequences of diffusion. Chapter three examines how information sources affect diffusion, and chapter four looks at the relation of finance with innovation generation. The first chapter empirically investigates the dynamics of the marginal propensity to pirate for computer software. We introduce a state space formulation that allows us to estimate error structures and parameter significance, in contrast to previous work. For data from 1987-92, we find a rising propensity to pirate as the number of existing pirate copies increases, and higher late piracy incidence than implied by static models. We strengthen prior results on the impact of piracy in the spreadsheet market, finding it to be the only significant internal influence on diffusion. However, when we allow for negative error correlation between legal and pirate acquisitions, we contradict earlier work by finding that, in the word processor market, piracy did not contribute to diffusion and only eroded legal sales. The second chapter is a paper forthcoming in the European Journal of Operational Research. We present an information good pricing model with persistently heterogeneous consumers and a rising marginal propensity for them to pirate. The dynamic pricing problem faced by a legal seller is solved using a flexible numerical procedure with demand discretisation and sales tracking. Three offsetting pricing mechanisms occur: skimming, compressing price changes, and delaying product launch. A novel trade-off in piracy's effect on welfare is identified. We find that piracy quickens sales times and raises welfare in fixed size markets, and does the opposite in growing markets. In our model, consumers benefit from very high rates of piracy, legal sellers always dislike it, and pirate providers like moderate but not very high rates. In the third chapter, we study the effect of different information sources on technology adoption between and within companies. Our model of economically optimising companies predicts that initial adoption will be primarily affected by information that reduces uncertainty about a technology’s performance, while intensification of intra-firm use will be mainly influenced by information that increases income from the technology. The theory is tested on data describing adoption of organic farming techniques by UK farmers. Our predictions are broadly supported by the empirical results. Information from land agents, farmers, and newspapers mainly influences initial adoption, from academia and government largely influences intensification, and from crop consultants, suppliers, and buyers influences both. Financing innovation presents informational and control problems for the financier, and different solutions are used for funding of US companies and universities. In the fourth chapter, we examine how funding characteristics influenced the change in innovation during the 2007-8 financial crisis for both. We extend prior theories of external financing’s effect on company performance during crises, firstly to university performance, and secondly to show the influence of time variation in aggregate funding. Empirical results are consistent with our theory: external dependence and asset intangibility had a limited effect on company innovation on entering the crisis, but increased university innovation. We do not describe here the limitations and gaps of the studies, and proposals for future work. Instead, they are addressed in the conclusions of each chapter.
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Acun, Ismail. "Changing history and geography teaching with ICT : the impact of the Internet." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275450.
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Friel, Ian. "The documentary evidence for maritime technology in later medieval England and Wales." Thesis, Keele University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302743.
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Schocket, andrew M. "Consolidating power: Technology, ideology, and Philadelphia's growth in the early republic." W&M ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623378.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This dissertation examines the ways that moneyed Philadelphians invented corporate power in America during the first four decades of the federal republic, specifically focusing on business corporations, such as canal companies and banks, and on a public corporation, Philadelphia's municipal government. Through evidence from company and municipal records and publications, the private papers and correspondence of corporate officers, newspapers, pamphlets, and legislative acts and proceedings, this study identifies the people and the technological and financial processes that contributed to the establishment and entrenchment of corporate economic and political power.;From the 1790s to the 1830s, Philadelphia-area residents demanded cheaper transportation, a better water supply, and more adequate credit facilities and financial institutions. The technical, legal, and monetary requirements of corporations that administered these projects served to increase their leverage in political and economic relations with other individuals and groups, allowing the few who controlled those institutions to exert power over space in unprecedented ways. The men who dominated those corporations justified this increased influence by successfully casting their own interests as being synonymous with those of the public at large. In addition, by the 1810s, a small group of Philadelphians recognized the centrality of transportation and banking to economic growth and coupled them to the corporate form to establish a forum at once withdrawn from public input yet able to exert power in public politics: the meeting-rooms of corporations run by men with close business and family ties.;Most significantly, this study argues that the creation of such a domain held serious consequences for the legacy of the American Revolution. Philadelphia corporations provided broader political and economic independence for more people than before the Revolution; indeed, these companies grew because of the great demand for their services and the freedoms they fostered. However, as corporate associates consolidated their hold over institutions they gained increasing command over what direction growth could take and how its rewards would be distributed. These phenomena contributed greatly to the transformation of America from a gentry-dominated society in the eighteenth century to the corporate-dominated one of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
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Westerberg, Andreas. "Medieteknik och historieundervisning : diskurser om teknik i klassrummet under 1980-talet och åren kring 2010." Licentiate thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-88522.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The present study analyzes attitudes made manifest when media technology is used in teaching at Swedish upper secondary schools. It examines discourses related to the subject of history by comparing contemporary circumstances with those of the mid-1980s, making research in both educational history and history education indispensible to its execution. The study considers the impact of technology on human interaction as an essentially social construction. Furthermore, it addresses questions about the role media technology plays in current discourses, about the actors that are manifested in these discourses and about their didactic implications. Since the investigation focuses on discourse, it is an interpretive work. Analytical tools have been borrowed from the field of discourse theory to facilitate a broad understanding of discourse and communication. The analysis is conducted in order to reconstruct chains of analogy and nodal points of communication in media technology and teaching, with specific attention paid to matters related to the subject of history. Secondary school policy documents, curricula relevant to each period, teacher´s periodicals and interviews with history teachers are combined to reconstruct discourses on technology in education. Interviews were conducted with six history teachers, three of whom taught in the 1980s, while the remainder began teaching in the past fifteen years. The periodicals studied are Lärarnas tiding and Skolvärlden, including every issue published in the years 1983, 1985, 1987, 2008, 2010 and 2012. Four discourses on media technology in education have been reconstructed from this material. Two of the discourses are relevant to the mid-eighties, and have been called the discourse on the school of the future and the discourse on film, junk culture and education, respectively. The discourses reconstructed from the years around 2010 are named the discourse on the contemporary school and the discourse on good teaching. These discourses generally nurture an optimistic belief in what media technology can mean to school and teaching. The reasons for using technology in the classroom are based on notions of what is required from society or what is relevant to the students. The roles of media technology in education are affected by several groups of actors, including government officials, marketers, school leadership and teachers. The process was however never significantly affected by formal policy. One aspect central to a positive view of media technology in education was that it would improve the quality of teaching, especially in the case of history, characterized by storytelling and lecturing. Certain didactic considerations became visible in the study of these discourses, which risked being shallow and trend sensitive, insofar as it might be difficult for teachers to find suitable forums for peer-to-peer subject specific reflections on media technology.
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Hanel, Johannes. "Assessing Induced Technology : Sombart's understanding of technical change in the history of economics /." Göttingen, Niedersachs : Cuvillier, 2008. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016983879&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Waters, Jayson Cydhaarth. "Estranged/Entangled: The History, Theory, and Technology of Quantum Mechanics in International Relations." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/29604.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In recent years a growing number of scholars of international relations (IR) have looked hopefully towards quantum mechanics (QM) as a source of new analytical tools and critical approaches to address many of the intractable problems — and emergent challenges — faced by the discipline and the world. It now appears that what some call a new ‘wave’ — or ‘turn’ or ‘era’ — and others a paradigm shift may be coming to the discipline. Novel, and more accurate, methods for modelling behaviour are being introduced by Quantum Decision Theory and Quantum Game Theory, and old Newtonian analogies, metaphors, and cosmologies are being challenged and replaced by quantum equivalents. Alexander Wendt has even gone so far as to suggest that scholars need to rethink the social sciences from the (quantum) mind up. In place of traditional mind/body dualism, Wendt proposes a quantum monism based on a panpsychist quantum theory of mind. This is a radical proposal, the ramifications of which could drastically reframe understandings of both the social and physical aspects of the world.
While there is no doubt that the present ‘quantum wave’ in IR is the most significant, it is not the first. In 1927, during his address to the American Political Science Association, William Bennett Munro called for political scientists to engage with QM and to borrow, by analogy, from the ‘new physics’ to “get rid of intellectual insincerities concerning the nature of sovereignty, the general will, natural rights, and the freedom of the individual” and discover “the true purposes and policies which should direct human action in matters of government.” Remarkably, Munro’s appeal came a mere two months after Max Born and Werner Heisenberg declared “quantum mechanics to be a closed theory” at the Fifth Solvay Conference. Some headway was made during the interwar period, but a complex combination of circumstances leading up to, and following, the Second World War estranged this line of scientific inquiry from IR theory. This pattern of estrangement and entanglement has recurred several times in the history of IR.
This thesis employs an experimental methodology to interrogate three neglected aspects of the relationship between QM and IR. The critical approaches of genealogy, semiology, and dromology are applied, respectively, to the historical, theoretical, and technological entanglements of IR and QM. Reinterpreting nearly a century of estrangement and entanglement, the thesis makes the case for a quantum theory of IR that is process-relational and event-ontological. Ultimately, however, this thesis is a work of pre-theory. Rather than presenting a critique of quantum IR, or an attempt at a fully formed quantum theory of IR, this thesis lays the groundwork for future theory and future developments in quantum IR.
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Andrew, Robert Frederick. "Describing an Indigenous Experience: The Unforgetting of Australian history through language and technology." Thesis, Griffith University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/387968.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The central focus of this research is to subvert dominant narratives of colonisation in Australia through three-dimensional, mechanical devices I have constructed to make visual utterances that give authority to an Australian Aboriginal experience. Informed by my Indigenous heritage that I discovered as a teenager, and my subsequent research into my extended family’s experiences, my work scrapes back the layers of colonial concealment to expose what exists below the overlays of control. I reveal aspects of the histories that exist below this thin, almost mechanical, controlling veneer.
The materials used in my constructions include those that are embedded with connections to place, connections to family, and connections to history and culture that are personal to me. I use specific materials to carry and magnify narrative, so that the stories are made visible. I was denied so much of my history in childhood and now ‘the machine’ becomes a transitional agent for claiming and for telling something of that history.
Appropriating contemporary colonial Western technology, including text, I provide alternative narratives of colonisation to resist and counter the negative effects of colonisation on Australian Indigenous people. I have learnt to speak the language of the post-industrial colonialist era and I use it to understand my own experience. In the artworks, I forge links with technology, materials and non-linear, non-written text-based processes. I claim value in revealing hidden, forgotten, denied and ever-changing histories.
By taking the power of language and technology that was and is used to control Aboriginal people, I take the power of that technology to disarm it. In using so-called ‘non-Indigenous’ Western technologies, I build, construct, and use the coloniser’s tools to undo the coloniser’s work. I work to make visible an Aboriginal experience and to assert authority over history, experience and storytelling.
I do not intend to create hierarchies or further means for oppression but to disrupt the ongoing processes and effects of colonisation that marginalise Aboriginal voices. My goal is to deflect the violent, debasing and destructive energies of colonialism and to create positive expressions of Aboriginality.<br>Thesis (PhD Doctorate)<br>Doctor of Visual Arts (DVA)<br>Queensland College of Art<br>Arts, Education and Law<br>Full Text
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Amicone, Patricia Weigel. "Multimedia technology as a presentation and archival tool for teaching history/social science." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1300.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This project was created to provide teachers with a model multimedia project that demonstrates the use of multimedia as both a presentation tool and an archival instrument. It provides teachers with a simple guide to help them teach students how to use multimedia as a productivity tool in the classroom. This outline gives a step by step format that guides teachers and students through the development and presentation process. In addition, an evaluation rubric is provided that offers teachers a concise means to monitor student learning.
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Richey, Christopher Shaun. "The Historical Archaeology of Ore Milling| Ideas, Environment, and Technology." Thesis, University of Nevada, Reno, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10161305.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
<p> Changes in milling technology at the Cortez Mining District, a gold and silver mine located in a remote area of central Nevada, are examined through the study of five mills that were active between 1864 and 1944. Each mill is analyzed through documentary and archaeological sources in order to understand how different forms of technology were implemented and modified to most effectively treat ores over time. Locally, this process of technological adaptation was influenced by changing environmental knowledge. On a larger scale, the milling technology is contrasted against global trends relating to a second wave of industrialization, such as the use of engineering and scientific knowledge in industrial pursuits, and the increasingly systematic deployment of capital. </p>
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Pietruska, Jamie L. "Propheteering : a cultural history of prediction in the Gilded Age." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47827.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D. in History, Anthropology, and Science, Technology and Society (HASTS))--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Science, Technology and Society, 2009.<br>Includes bibliographical references (v. 2, leaves 316-340).<br>This study of the changing practices and perceptions of prediction in the late nineteenth century reveals the process by which Americans came to rationalize economic and cultural uncertainty into modern life. Forecasts of all kinds were ubiquitous in the late nineteenth century; as the United States fashioned itself into an urban-industrial power with a national economy and an increasingly corporate and bureaucratic society, prediction became an increasingly significant scientific, economic, and cultural practice. As a postbellum crisis of certainty destabilized ways of thinking about the future-in science, social science, and religion-predictions, whether accurate or not, offered illusions of control over one's future to citizens of a rapidly modernizing America. I argue that the late-century search for predictability found as much uncertainty as it did certainty, that consumers of predictions were at once desirous and dismissive of forecasts that often took on greater cultural than economic value, and that producers and consumers of prediction together rationalized uncertainty and shaped a new cultural acceptance of the predictable unpredictability of modern life. In the first half of the dissertation I analyze the work of U.S. Department of Agriculture statisticians, private cotton estimators, Weather Bureau forecasters, and local "weather prophets," all of whom sought to systematically convert their observations into economically valuable predictions. In the second half of the dissertation I focus on the work of utopian novelist Edward Bellamy, fortune-tellers, and spirit mediums, whose prophecies circulated by the thousands through rural and urban America.<br>(cont.) "Propheteering" offers a new narrative of modernization by examining the tools and cultural practices used by both institutions and individuals to make sense of the late-century scientific and social reimagination of the future, however uncertain and fragmentary that future promised to be.<br>by Jamie L. Pietruska.<br>Ph.D.in History, Anthropology, and Science, Technology and Society (HASTS
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Thomas, Matthew A. "Life hacking: a critical history, 2004-2014." Diss., University of Iowa, 2015. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5658.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This dissertation intervenes in the larger academic and popular discussion of hacking by looking at life hacking. In essence, life hacking presumes that your life is amenable to hacks the same way a computer system might be. As both a metaphor and a practice, life hacking occupies a popular but under-analyzed position in contemporary American culture. The recent broadening of the computer term “hacking” to encompass all of life’s activities suggests the degree to which people are increasingly thinking about everything in computational terms. Life hacking is important to attend to precisely because it reveals how the rhetoric of hacking and the subjectivity of the hacker have become normalized. This rhetoric and subject position carry particular valences, valences that are deeply rooted in Western culture, including especially a way of thinking about the world that David Golumbia calls “computationalism.” In a computerized world, hacking becomes the preferred “way of seeing.” But, significantly, it is a way of seeing that is in line with long traditions in U.S. culture of self-making and technofetishism. In order to show this, I trace life hacking’s metamorphoses through three critically important and interlinked realms—life hacking, digital minimalism, and prof hacking—before concluding by looking briefly at a fourth—pickup artists. This dissertation seeks to identify how these different instances of life hacking relate to each other, to trace how life hacking has changed over time, and to explain how life hacking broadly speaking is best viewed as an episode not only in the larger history of hacking but in the larger history of American culture.
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Herzog, Richard. "Art history with a click of a mouse or a flip of a page? /." Full text available online, 2007. http://www.lib.rowan.edu/find/theses.
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Hardy, Jean-Pierre. "La naissance du confort, ou, La mutation de la vie quotidienne dans la vallée du Saint-Laurent, 1790-1835." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0008/NQ32637.pdf.
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Tolley, Rebecca. "Review of Christmas Food and Feasting: A History." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5697.
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Care, Charles. "From analogy-making to modelling : the history of analog computing as a modelling technology." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2008. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2381/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Today, modern computers are based on digital technology. However, during the decades after 1940, digital computers were complemented by the separate technology of analog computing. But what was analog computing, what were its merits, and who were its users? This thesis investigates the conceptual and technological history of analog computing. As a concept, analog computing represents the entwinement of a complex pre-history of meanings, including calculation, modelling, continuity and analogy. These themes are not only landmarks of analog's etymology, but also represent the blend of practices, ways of thinking, and social ties that together comprise an `analog culture'. The first half of this thesis identifies how the history of this technology can be understood in terms of the two parallel themes of calculation and modelling. Structuring the history around these themes demonstrates that technologies associated with modelling have less representation in the historiography. Basing the investigation around modelling applications, the thesis investigates the formation of analog culture. The second half of this thesis applies the themes of modelling and information generation to understand analog use in context. Through looking at examples of analog use in academic research, oil reservoir modelling, aeronautical design, and meteorology, the thesis explores why certain communities used analog and considers the relationship between analog and digital in these contexts. This study demonstrates that analog modelling is an example of information generation rather than information processing. Rather than focusing on the categories of analog and digital, it is argued that future historical scholarship in this field should give greater prominence to the more general theme of modelling.