Tesi: "HIV/AIDS model analysis"

1

Mushonga, Allan. "A sociological analysis of Southern African AIDS Trust's capacity-development model in responding to HIV and AIDS". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013261.

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The issues of capacity and capacity development in the response to HIV and AIDS is a topic of intense academic interest and is on the agenda of development practitioners, particularly as these issues are linked to community HIV and AIDS competence and sustainability of civil society organisations and community capacity. The capacity development model of the Southern African AIDS Trust is one of the more illuminating examples of capacity development of civil society organisations for the enhancement of community HIV and AIDS competence in southern Africa. The thesis examines the conceptualisation and implementation of the Southern African AIDS Trust's capacity development model in order to identify and understand the multi-dimensional factors that influence the success and sustainability of HIV and AIDS responses. It argues that, even though the conceptualisation, formulation and implementation of the model were appropriate and yielded acceptable benefits to communities in relation to HIV and AIDS, the sustainability of the model depended fundamentally on the availability of requisite resources. The dependence on external resources, the availability of which is in large part beyond the control of the Southern African AIDS Trust and its community-based beneficiaries, undercuts the sustainability of the model and the programmes delivered through it. Community capacities and community-based HIV and AIDS responses are sustainable only to the extent that communities have sufficient resources to build capacities and develop responses, or can leverage and negotiate external inputs. The degeneration of capacity in intermediary organisations (such as Southern African AIDS Trust) that support community competence undermines models that at first sight seem suitable for effective capacity enhancement with regard to HIV and AIDS programmes. In this regard, the thesis also focuses on the organisational crisis within Southern African AIDS Trust and the ramifications this had for community HIV and AIDS competence.

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2

Gbenga, Abiodun J. "Mathematical modeling and analysis of HIV/AIDS control measures". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4016.

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>Magister Scientiae - MSc
In this thesis, we investigate the HIV/AIDS epidemic in a population which experiences a significant flow of immigrants. We derive and analyse a math- ematical model that describes the dynamics of HIV infection among the im- migrant youths and intervention that can minimize or prevent the spread of the disease in the population. In particular, we are interested in the effects of public-health education and of parental care.We consider existing models of public-health education in HIV/AIDS epidemi-ology, and provide some new insights on these. In this regard we focus atten-tion on the papers [b] and [c], expanding those researches by adding sensitivity analysis and optimal control problems with their solutions.Our main emphasis will be on the effect of parental care on HIV/AIDS epidemi-ology. In this regard we introduce a new model. Firstly, we analyse the model without parental care and investigate its stability and sensitivity behaviour.We conduct both qualitative and quantitative analyses. It is observed that in the absence of infected youths, disease-free equilibrium is achievable and is asymptotically stable. Further, we use optimal control methods to determine the necessary conditions for the optimality of intervention, and for disease eradication or control. Using Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle to check the effects of screening control and parental care on the spread of HIV/AIDS, we observe that parental care is more effective than screening control. However, the most efficient control strategy is in fact a combination of parental care and screening control. The results form the central theme of this thesis, and are included in the manuscript [a] which is now being reviewed for publication. Finally, numerical simulations are performed to illustrate the analytical results.

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3

Gevorgyan, Ruzanna. "A qualitative analysis of HIV/AIDS policy in Russian Federation : creating an advocacy model". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8307.

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4

Maposa, Innocent. "Survival modelling and analysis of HIV/AIDS patients on HIV care and antiretroviral treatment to determine longevity prognostic factors". University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5444.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD
The HIV/AIDS pandemic has been a torment to the African developmental agenda, especially the Southern African Development Countries (SADC), for the past two decades. The disease and condition tends to affect the productive age groups. Children have also not been spared from the severe effects associated with the disease. The advent of antiretroviral treatment (ART) has brought a great relief to governments and patients in these regions. More people living with HIV/AIDS have experienced a boost in their survival prospects and hence their contribution to national developmental projects. Survival analysis methods are usually used in biostatistics, epidemiological modelling and clinical research to model time to event data. The most interesting aspect of this analysis comes when survival models are used to determine risk factors for the survival of patients undergoing some treatment or living with a certain disease condition. The purpose of this thesis was to determine prognostic risk factors for patients' survival whilst on ART. The study sought to highlight the risk factors that impact the survival time negatively at different survival time points. The study utilized a sample of paediatric and adult datasets from Namibia and Zimbabwe respectively. The paediatric dataset from Katutura hospital (Namibia) comprised of the adolescents and children on ART, whilst the adult dataset from Bulawayo hospital (Zimbabwe) comprised of those patients on ART in the 15 years and above age categories. All datasets used in this thesis were based on retrospective cohorts followed for some period of time. Different methods to reduce errors in parameter estimation were employed to the datasets. The proportional hazards, Bayesian proportional hazards and the censored quantile regression models were utilized in this study. The results from the proportional hazards model show that most of the variables considered were not signifcant overall. The Bayesian proportional hazards model shows us that all the considered factors had different risk profiles at the different quartiles of the survival times. This highlights that by using the proportional hazards models, we only get a fixed constant effect of the risk factors, yet in reality, the effect of risk factors differs at different survival time points. This picture was strongly highlighted by the censored quantile regression model which indicated that some variables were significant in the early periods of initiation whilst they did not significantly affect survival time at any other points in the survival time distribution. The censored quantile regression models clearly demonstrate that there are significant insights gained on the dynamics of how different prognostic risk factors affect patient survival time across the survival time distribution compared to when we use proportional hazards and Bayesian propotional hazards models. However, the advantages of using the proportional hazards framework, due to the estimation of hazard rates as well as it's application in the competing risk framework are still unassailable. The hazard rate estimation under the censored quantile regression framework is an area that is still under development and the computational aspects are yet to be incorporated into the mainstream statistical softwares. This study concludes that, with the current literature and computational support, using both model frameworks to ascertain the dynamic effects of different prognostic risk factors for survival in people living with HIV/AIDS and on ART would give the researchers more insights. These insights will then help public health policy makers to draft relevant targeted policies aimed at improving these patients' survival time on treatment.

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5

Musemwa, Shingisai. "Factors influencing university students' use of HIV voluntary counselling and testing services : an analysis using the health belief model". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1448.

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Human Immune Virus (HI)V /Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has emerged as the most devastating epidemic that the world has experienced. Voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) has proven to be an effective way of preventing and controlling HIV. South African universities provide free VCT services on their campuses; however, these facilities are underused. The study’s objectives were to use the components of the health belief model (HBM) to explore and describe the factors that influenced the decision made by university students who have gone for VCT. The sample consisted of five male students. Data was collected through one-on-one in depth interviews, which were recorded. Data was analysed using thematic analysis, and the components of the HBM were used as codes for the data. Themes were generated for each component. The results indicated that perceived severity, perceived benefits and cues to action played a role in influencing the participants’ decision to go for VCT. In addition, results show that perceived susceptibility had little influence on their decision to go for VCT. Even though participants acknowledged barriers to VCT, they reported that the perceived benefits for VCT outweighed the barriers, and the decision to go for VCT was made. Participants suggested that to increase uptake of VCT on their campus, the university could improve current VCT campaigns, introduce rewards for VCT and introduce couples VCT.

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6

Gilbert, Peter Brian. "Sieve analysis : statistical methods for assessing differential vaccine protection against human immunodeficiency virus types /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9551.

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7

Takaidza, Isaac. "Modelling the optimal efficiency of industrial labour force in the presence of HIV/AIDs pandemic". Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1305.

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Thesis (DTech (Mechanical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2012
In this thesis, we investigate certain key aspects of mathematical modelling to explain the epidemiology of HIV/AIDS at the workplace and to assess the potential benefits of proposed control strategies. Deterministic models to investigate the effects of the transmission dynamics of HIV/AIDS on labour force productivity are formulated. The population is divided into mutually exclusive but exhaustive compartments and a system of differential equations is derived to describe the spread of the epidemic. The qualitative features of their equilibria are analyzed and conditions under which they are stable are provided. Sensitivity analysis of the reproductive number is carried out to determine the relative importance of model parameters to initial disease transmission. Results suggest that optimal control theory in conjunction with standard numerical procedures and cost effective analysis can be used to determine the best intervention strategies to curtail the burden HIV/AIDS is imposing on the human population, in particular to the global economy through infection of the most productive individuals. We utilise Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle to derive and then analyze numerically the conditions for optimal control of the disease with effective use of condoms, enlightenment/educational programs, treatment regime and screening of infectives. We study the potential impact on productivity of combinations of these conventional control measures against HIV. Our numerical results suggest that increased access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) could decrease not only the HIV prevalence but also increase productivity of the infected especially when coupled with prevention, enlightenment and screening efforts.

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8

Cates, Sarah Elizabeth. "An Analysis of National HIV/AIDS Education Efforts Among 15-39 Year Olds and Health Care Workers Applying the Health Belief Model (HBM) in Six Cities in Sonsonate, El Salvador". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26201.

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This descriptive research used the Health Belief Model (HBM) to assess HIV/AIDS knowledge, perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, and behavioral practices within the population throughout the State of Sonsonate, El Salvador. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) was also utilized to display the results of this population study. The study population was composed of 15-39 year olds consisting of a total sample size of 1,500 (250 participants from each of the six cities). The basis of this study was to evaluate where this population fit within the Health Belief Model (HBM) and also to practically represent the results pictorially. Also, this information was collected so that the government of El Salvador could see and understand where their educational deficits existed so that future programs could be established to alleviate these discrepancies. An instrument consisting of 65 items including demographics, knowledge, perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, and behavioral practices was used for the general population. The analysis of the data was two-fold using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) mapping and statistical analysis. GIS mapping was used to graphically pinpoint areas of knowledge deficit and misinformation about HIV/AIDS. Results were based on a general population of 1,454. Various indices were created to show the level of knowledge or frequency of safe behavioral practices. The Perceived Severity and Perceived Susceptibility sections were not aggregated into an index but rather treated as individual variables. An item analysis of the questionnaire found that on average the general population responded correctly to 78% of the knowledge questions. However, a total of 11 questions in the knowledge section had less 75% (n=385) of the general population answering correctly. Another 3 questions in the behavior section were also found to have less than 75% (n=385) indicating safe behavioral practices. Linear regression analyses were performed to explore correlations between the areas of demographics, knowledge level, perceived severity, and perceived susceptibility to safe behavior. GIS maps were created to pictorially show where this population's deficiencies were in regard to the HBM. This research helped to pinpoint where this population fits within the construct of the Health Belief Model so that future educational efforts can be targeted in geographic areas with the greatest need. This will help to move this sample toward behavioral change.
Ph. D.

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9

Malm, Mikaela. "Drug Analysis : Bioanalytical Method Development and Validation". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Analytisk kemi, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8547.

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This thesis describes bioanalytical methods for drug determination in biological matrixes, with drugs in focus used against diseases largely affecting low-income countries. Solid-phase extraction is used for sample cleanup, and processed samples are analyzed by liquid chromatography. Developed bioanalytical methods are validated according to international guidelines. Eflornithine (DFMO) is a chiral drug, used for treating human African trypanosomiasis. A bioanalytical method for determination of DFMO enantiomers in plasma is presented. The enantiomers are detected by evaporative light-scattering detection. The method has been applied to determination of D-DFMO and L-DFMO in rats, after intravenous and oral administration of racemic DFMO. It is concluded that DFMO exhibits enantioselective absorption, with the more potent enantiomer L-DFMO being less favored. Sulfadoxine (SD) and sulfamethoxazole (SM) are sulfa-drugs used for malaria and pneumonia respectively. Two methods are described for simultaneous determination of SD and SM in capillary blood sampled on filter paper. The former method allows direct injection of extracts from dried blood spots (DBS), while for the latter method solid-phase extraction is added. Pre-analytical factors contributing to measurement uncertainty is also discussed, and it is concluded that it is of high importance that homogeneity in type of sampling paper and sampling volume is assured. Piperaquine (PQ) is an antimalarial, increasingly used in artemisinin combination therapy. A method for determination of piperaquine in DBS is presented. By using a monolithic LC column, a very short LC analysis of two minutes per sample is achieved. A method for simultaneous determination of three antiretroviral drugs i.e. lamivudine (3TC), zidovudine (AZT) and nevirapine (NVP), in DBS samples is described. The method is applied to drug determination in two subjects after receiving standard antiretroviral treatment. Conclusion is that the method is suitable for determination of 3TC and NVP, and to some extent for AZT.

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10

Le, Fleur Celeste Catherine. "Comparing the BDI II and the HADS (HADS-D) as a screening tool for depression amongst HIV infected individuals attending a public health clinic". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_2733_1363786537.

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This study utilised secondary data from a larger study that looked at individuals that are already infected by HIV which is entitled Implicative personal dilemmas and cognitive conflicts in health decision making in HIV positive adults and adults with AIDS. The primary aim of the larger study was to examine the cognitive construction of the individual and how they utilised their individual resources to construct who they are and how they perceived the difficulties and challenges that they face and the decisions they make regarding their health. HIV and AIDS is a debilitating disease and it affects millions worldwide. South Africa, presently, has the largest burden of this disease with those between the ages of 15 &ndash
49 years of age being most affected. As previously
mentioned the decisions that individuals make can impact on their health. Decisions to take necessary precautions such as protected sex during sexual intercourse can decrease the
progression of the disease. Decisions made regarding abstinence of risky behaviour as well as being committed to taking medication could also positively impact health. People living with HIV and AIDS find it
difficult to adjust to the challenges that this disease presents. Depression is often experienced due to the changes in self image and perception. Studies show that
females are twice more likely to experience depression than men. There has however been no conclusive evidence showing the reason for this, however, the perception of stress based on
gender could shed some light on this matter and how these perceptions can increase the likelihood of women being more vulnerable to depression. Due to the limitation of this study, it will
only look at depression as it relates to HIV and AIDS. Psychological problems such as depression can hamper the adjustment process and the effect of depression is evident in that it can lower the CD 4 + cells. Not only are those
living with HIV and AIDS affected by depression, but they also have a lifetime prevalence to depression. It is important to have an effective screening tool for depression so that the detection of this
disease can be made and effective treatment can be implemented to enhance health. The sample consisted of 113 adult participants that have already been diagnosed with HIV and AIDS. The
primary aim of this study was to compare the Beck&rsquo
s Depression Inventory II (BDI II) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale &ndash
(the Depression component) (HADS-D) as a screening tool

for depression. Exploratory Factor Analysis revealed a 5 factor structure which accounted for 60.14 % of the total variance. The HADS yielded one factor accounting for 14.33% of total variance. The BDI II has proven to be more a reliable measure of depression with 0.89 according to the Cronbach&rsquo
s Alpha co efficient opposed to 0.375 as per the HADS-D. The secondary aim was to establish
the sociodemographic and disease profiles of the participants under study.

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11

Zhang, Xinjian. "HIV/AIDS relative survival analysis". unrestricted, 2007. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07262007-123251/.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Georgia State University, 2007.
Title from file title page. Gengsheng (Jeff) Qin, committee chair; Ruiguang (Rick) Song, Xu Zhang, Yu-Sheng Hsu, committee members. Electronic text (79 p. : col. ill.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Sept. 16, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 38-42).

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12

Labeodan, Moremi Morire OreOluwapo. "Stochastic analysis of AIDS epidemiology". Thesis, Pretoria : [s.l.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10172009-112824.

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13

Searle, Alexandra. "African legislatures and HIV/AIDS : an exploratory analysis". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12442.

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Includes bibliographical references.
Since 1981 AIDS has killed more than 25 million people world-wide, the majority of whom lived within developing countries. The worst affected region, Sub Saharan Africa, currently has 3.5% of the world’s population yet 37% of the world’s people living with HIV. In light of the magnitude of the pandemic in the region it has been increasingly acknowledged that not only are HIV and AIDS health issues but also pervasive development issues due to the impact they have on national socioeconomic development. Unsurprisingly a disease of ‘sex and drugs’4 is a highly controversial and politicized issue. An effective response represents a serious challenge for national governance institutions, particularly within the unique and complex socio political environments of the region. The need for ‘democratic governance’ and a ‘multi-sectoral’ approach within the HIV & AIDS response highlights the critical role of national legislatures. Due to the severity and scope of the pandemic there is an assumption that elected representatives would be in the forefront of the response. Effective legislatures are the sine qua non of a representative democracy, and arguably an important vehicle through which to drive the HIV national response. Legislatures represent a cross section of society and play a central role in the coordination and implementation of national responses. Further understanding and explanation of legislative responses around HIV & AIDS speak to issues of democratic governance and the need to improve overall accountability and transparency within these institutions.

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14

Myburgh, Rene. "The criminalization of HIV/AIDS : a comparative analysis". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020754.

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The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)1 and the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)2 have become a global epidemic. With an average of 35.3 million people infected with the virus worldwide, countries are desperate to curb HIV infections.3 Most HIV positive men, women and children are found in Sub-Saharan Africa.4 In an attempt to fight HIV/AIDS, some countries have opted for an approach of criminalization, where it is a crime to infect or expose another person to the virus.5 Other countries, such as South Africa, have chosen to avoid the criminalization approach, and to focus rather on public health schemes that can assist in the prevention of transmission. The United Nations (UN) has stated that overly broad application of criminal law to HIV raises serious human rights and public health concerns.7 Because of these concerns, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) has urged states to limit application of criminal law to HIV-related cases.8 Furthermore, UNAIDS has urged states to rather employ scientifically proven methods to prevent HIV transmission. This treatise will set out the laws adopted by Canada, Zimbabwe, the United Kingdom, New Zealand and South Africa. Out of all five countries, South Africa is the only country that does not criminalize HIV transmission or exposure.10 In setting out the common law, statute law, case law as well as academic considerations, this treatise will attempt to identify trends in the current criminalization of HIV climate. In addition to setting out the law in the five countries, this treatise seeks to show that South Africa is one of the few countries with a developed legal system to shy away from criminalization. This treatise also seeks to establish whether South Africa’s approach is a suitable option for the country, considering it boasts the highest HIV infection rate in the world.

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15

Deuchert, Eva. "HIV in sub saharan Africa an econometric analysis of HIV risk factors /". [S.l. : s.n.], 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:25-opus-39681.

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16

Walker, Lori J. "Components of the health belief model and HIV testing decisions /". Electronic version (PDF), 2004. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2004/walkerl/loriwalker.pdf.

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17

Zhang, Xinjian. "HIV/Aids Relative Survival and Mean Residual Life Analysis". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/math_theses/43.

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HIV/Aids Relative Survival and Mean Residual Life Analysis BY XINJIAN ZHANG Under the Direction of Gengsheng (Jeff) Qin and Ruiguang (Rick) Song ABSTRACT Generalized linear models with Poisson error were applied to investigate HIV/AIDS relative survival. Relative excess risk for death within 3 years after HIV/AIDS diagnosis was significantly higher for non-Hispanic blacks, American Indians and Hispanics compared with Whites. Excess hazard for death was also higher in men injection drug users compared with men who have sex with men (MSM). The relative excess hazard of old HIV/AIDS patients is significantly higher compared with younger patients. When CD4 increased, the relative excess hazard decreased; while with the increase of HIV viral load, the relative excess hazard decreased. This is the first study to use national wide data to examine the significance of HIV viral load as a determinant risk factor of disease progression after HIV infection; The mean residual lie needs to be further analyzed. INDEX WORDS: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), Survival, Mean residual life (MRL).

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18

Alexander, Joy. "An analysis of pre-service teachers' HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitudes and self-efficacy and their HIV/AIDS teaching tasks". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/7808.

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Includes bibliographical references.
This dissertation examines the interface between pre-service teachers' HIV/AIDSknowledge, attitudes and self-efficacy, and their intentions to teach HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitudes and self-efficacy. It is located within the models of teacher education which provides a conceptual framework to analyse HIV/AIDS pre-service teacher education. This study was conducted at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology's Faculty of Education which prepares pre-service teachers for primary school and high school teaching. It involved 68 first year foundation phase pre-service teachers in 2003. With the use of a qualitatively - based vignette probe, the pre-service teachers' intentions to teach HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitudes and self-efficacy was investigated. The same pre-service teachers' were assessed for their levels of HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitudes towards people with HIV/AIDS, and their self-efficacy with regard to reducing their own risk of HIV/AIDS infection, using a quantitatively based comprehensive questionnaire probe. The overall findings of the study revealed that the interface between the pre-service teacher's HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitudes and self-efficacy, and their intentions to teach HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitudes and self-efficacy was inconsistent. The results highlighted the need for a constructivist model for HIV/AIDS pre-service teacher education which will develop pre-service teachers' HIV/AIDS subject matter expertise and their professional dexterity to critically assess and implement school - based HIV/AIDS curricula in an HIV/AIDS context of teaching.

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19

Malan, van Rooyen Marlize. "Content analysis of developmental assets in HIV/AIDS message framing". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25535.

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The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore and describe how the developmental asset framework could be used to conceptualise HIV/AIDS message framing. LoveLife media messages (as gain-framed HIV/AIDS prevention messages) were purposefully sampled. Qualitative content analysis allowed loveLife media messages to be analysed through coding, categorisation and memoing. The analysis process revealed core values and developmental assets portrayed in gain-framed HIV/AIDS prevention messages. Core values identified included, love, respect (portrayed least), dignity (portrayed most) and responsibility. Internal assets identified included, achievement motivation, school engagement, responsibility, integrity, restraint, honesty, planning and decision making, resistant skills, personal power, sense of purpose, self-esteem and positive view of personal future., External assets identified included, family support and positive family communication. Responsibility and personal power, were portrayed most and honesty together with family support, and positive family communication, least. Broadcast messages portrayed the most developmental assets and outdoor messages the least. Correlations were found between core values love, dignity, and responsibility, and the identified developmental assets. Insight was gained into three potential roles developmental assets could play in framing HIV/AIDS prevention messages. Firstly, developmental assets could serve as a source of enablement to make youth aware of strengths they could utilise to foster well-being. Secondly, developmental assets could direct incorporation of positive psychology principles in designing HIV/AIDS prevention messages. Lastly, the study revealed that the developmental asset framework could be used in conjunction with the theory of message framing in designing HIV/AIDS prevention messages.
Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Educational Psychology
unrestricted

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20

Kaliki, Chipalo. "An analysis of expenditure on HIV/AIDS patients in Zambia". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9323.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 85-89).
According to the 2000/2001 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey (ZDHS), HIV/AIDS prevalence is 16% and is expected to be higher in the next five years. The disease is quite pervasive across all sectors of economic activity, but the impact is especially acute on the Zambian health sector, which is faced with increasing demands on healthcare for not only HIV/AIDS but other diseases such as malaria, tuberculosis, cholera, diarrhoea, to mention but a few. It is therefore essential that expenditure on HIV-related care among different health care systems be analysed so as to determine areas of relatively greater need. It is against this background that this study entitled, "An analysis of expenditure on HIVIAIDS patients in Zambia", was conducted. The main objective of the study is to analyse expenditure on HIV-related care and treatment among the different health care systems and geographical localities in Zambia. The study used utilisation data on total and HIV-related outpatient visits and inpatient days collected from the country's facility based database called the Health Management Information System (HMIS); and HIV-prevalence data compiled from the Central Statistics Office's report on Epidemiological Projections. Expenditure data on the other hand was compiled from the National Health Accounts (NHA) report for 1999-2002 and separate data on HIV/AIDS expenditure was collected from the District Health Boards reports for 2003. Utilisation and HIV-prevalence data were then combined with expenditure data to estimate the overall utilisation of services by HIV-positive patients and the annual expenditure required to meet the burden of HIV/AIDS. Both utilisation and expenditure statistics were analysed and compared according to different levels of healthcare and geographical localities. Data analysis was exploratory and descriptive.

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21

Nýdrle, Tomáš. "Economic Analysis of HIV/AIDS Pandemic in Sub-Saharan Africa". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-17467.

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HIV/AIDS is a real threat for Sub-Saharan Countries. It increased adult mortality substantially. HIV/AIDS pandemic causes the death of the most productive part of affected population. Human capital passing on to future generations is limited. Low economic performance and income inequality induce higher HIV vulnerability. Contra wise HIV/AIDS has significant negative effect on the welfare of affected population. The sources of pandemic in Sub-Saharan Africa are not only social and cultural. Health and nutrition situation play considerable role. Holistic approach based on education, fidelity, abstinence and improvement of economic situation and moderate condom use (as the last way of prevention) seems to be an effective way of pandemic elimination.

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22

Sawyer, Bret Morgan. "Examination of a stress process model in people living with AIDS/HIV". W&M ScholarWorks, 1999. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539618549.

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This survey research examined a stress process model (A-B-C) in People Living With AIDS and/or HIV (PLWAs) with point "A" representing stressful life events, point "B" the PLWAs' psychological make-up, and point "C" the emotional consequences. Point "A" was assessed by the HIV-stressor scale which yielded two results: (1) number of stressors experienced, and (2) the PLWAs' perception of how stressful each event was for them. Point "B" was assessed by measuring two constructs: (1) Sense of Coherence (SOC) which measured the PLWAs' ability to find meaning in their illness, and (2) Perceived Health Competence (PHC) which measured the PLWAs' perception that they have control over their health situation. Depression was measured at point "C." In addition to these factors, length of time since diagnosis of HIV and stage of HIV-infection was examined. In terms of findings, this research demonstrated the following: SOC is significantly related to depression and to perception of stressor severity; PHC was only significantly related to depression; perception of stressor severity and number of stressor(s) was not significantly related to level of depression; PHC was not significantly related to perception of stressor severity; time since diagnosis was not significantly related to SOC; stage of illness was not significantly related to PHC.

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23

Boneh, Galia. "Moving from entertainment towards art a new model for creating performance on HIV/AIDS /". Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1568127991&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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24

Maison, Barbara. "A content analysis of the New York times' coverage of HIV/AIDS in Africa from January 2000 to December 2007". Muncie, Ind. : Ball State University, 2009. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/658.

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25

Anima-Korang, Angela. "SOCIAL SUPPORT AND HIV/AIDS IN RURAL AMERICA: THE ROLE OF SOCIAL RELATIONS IN OPTIMIZING CARE FOR PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS". OpenSIUC, 2017. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1335.

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Social support for people living with HIV in rural America remains a considerably understudied aspect of HIV/AIDS prevention. People living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) require extensive support in order to remain in care, and reduce their viral suppression, and other disease complications. Without support, the likelihood that PLHA will refrain from or drop out of treatment options is gravely heightened, which consequently poses a significant threat for efforts to eliminate HIV as a public health issue. Using a mixed-method approach to Social Network Analysis, this study examines the principal role that social support plays in a person’s likelihood to adhere to care and consequently, attain viral suppression. Specifically, it looks at the roles of the family, friends, partners/spouses, and healthcare providers. The study also explores how social relations serve as mediators to stigma and discrimination, especially for disproportionate groups. Closely linked to social support availability is the perceived level of significance of the type of support that is available to the subjects. The study therefore goes further to explore the subjects’ perception of the support they receive (emotional, informational, and instrumental) and their satisfaction with it. This is imperative in that it sheds light on the role that the subjects’ social relations plays in their retention in care. This research again takes an interdisciplinary approach by exploring the contribution of both communication and health communication strategies to effect behavioral change. It contributes to research on HIV/AIDS health equity, and infectious disease management. It also contributes to efforts to identify strategies to control the spread of HIV by proposing efficient ways to optimize social support through the stages of the Care Continuum and consequently, facilitate an increase in the number of people who attain viral suppression. Keywords: Social Network Analysis; Social Support; Rural HIV; PLHA; Stigma.

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Pessane, Nilza. "Analysis of the impact of HIV/AIDS on civil society and a growing economy in Mozambique "Assessing aspects of democratic consolidation" /". Pretoria : [S.n.], 2010. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02232010-142353.

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27

Baxen, Mary Jean. "An analysis of the factors shaping teachers' understanding of HIV/AIDS". Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8210.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 312-327).
This study examined factors shaping teachers' understanding, experience, and teaching about sexuality and HIV/AIDS in some schools in the Western Cape and Mpumalanga, South Africa. Through the use of in-depth, semi-structured interviews with teachers and participant classroom observations in a select number of primary and secondary schools in the Western Cape and Mpumalanga, the study addressed two pertinent questions relating to (a) the content and form of HIV/AIDS and sexuality discourses in school and, (b) what actually happens in the act of teaching when HIV/ AIDS and sexuality is the focus. It began by asking questions about who the teachers are and what it is about themselves that they bring into the classroom. Questions were raised too, about what happens in classrooms when teachers invoke the body in its physical and sexual form, a body usually absent in the public arena of the classroom. The study worked from the premise that what teachers do in the classroom is not neutral.

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Brown, Sean. "Considering alternatives to the predomination model of volentary councelling and testing practiced in South Africa". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/7749.

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Testing is widely acknowledged to be a useful and necessary secondary tool of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) prevention. It is the method by which to identify people who are living with the virus, so that their behaviour may be modified and medical condition treated in order to prevent further infection. Unfortunately, many persons in South Africa (SA) remain undiagnosed and therefore unaware of their HIV-positive status. This thesis explores why it is necessary to test for HIV in SA, where the incidence of the virus remains the highest in the world. Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) or the &amp;acirc;opt-in&amp;acirc; approach has been adopted as the norm or &amp;acirc;sine qua non&amp;acirc;. The efficacy of this method will be interrogated and shortcomings identified. The most notable is that few people in SA undergo an HIV test in order to learn their status. When they do, it is often late in the progression of opportunistic infections, requiring hospitalisation that increases pressure on an already over-stretched healthcare system. Reasons for the poor uptake of VCT are explained, including pervasive stigma and deficiencies in leadership of SA&amp;acirc;s HIV and AIDS response. The expansion of testing is a proposed response to the challenge of persons remaining undiagnosed, and includes the acceleration of &amp;acirc;opt-out&amp;acirc; or routine HIV testing (RHT) among SA&amp;acirc;s high prevalence population. This model offers an HIV test routinely to persons attending government healthcare settings with an illness or for a routine check-up. Although the provider initiates the test, consent is necessary in order to proceed and there is an option to decline. While the key focus of this thesis is routine HIV testing, other approaches are explored in brief, including mandatory testing, mobile clinics and wellness screening. The thesis argues that if SA is to achieve the HIV and AIDS and STI National Strategic Plan (NSP) target of increasing the number of adults who have ever had a test to 70 percent by 2011, new approaches to testing, and especially opt-out, will need to be explored and more widely adopted. Key words: HIV/AIDS; Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT); Routine HIV Testing (RHT); Routinely Recommended Testing (RRT); Opt-out Testing; Provider-Initiated Testing and Counselling (PITC).

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Ojukwu, Chizomam Laura. "Effects of Nonadherence to HIV/AIDS Drugs on HIV-Related Comorbidities in Eastern Nigeria". ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7321.

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Developing countries like Nigeria continue to have HIV epidemic challenge due to the scarcity of evidence-based information and lack of resources to boost HIV education. The study population, Owerri, is one of the states in Nigeria with a high incidence rate of HIV. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the experiences of people living with HIV/AIDS regarding the effects of nonadherence to HIV/AIDS drugs. The integrated theory of health behavior model provided the framework for the study. I collected, transcribed, and analyzed interview data to identify clusters and themes. Results showed that various factors influenced and (e.g., free drugs, fear, culture, medication side effects, discrimination, relationship/support system, poverty, belief, easy access) contributed to adherence behavior among respondents. People living with HIV/AIDS may be encouraged to adhere to drug treatments because of these research findings. This study contributed to a positive social change in that respondents were excited and open about sharing their fears, challenges, struggles and hope with the anticipation to influence others to be open about their HIV disease.

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Benz, Sophia. "The killing of the fittest A Quantitative Analysis of HIV/AIDS and Conflict /". [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB11675433.

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31

Carson, Evelyn D. "The Importance of Relational Communication for Effecting Social Change in HIV/AIDS Prevention Messages: A Content Analysis of HIV/AIDS Public Service Announcements". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1269290096.

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32

Mamaila, Tshifhiwa. "Community-based care for HIV/AIDS orphans". Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01312006-092356.

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33

Öjteg, Katarina. "Socio-economic determinants og HIV in Zambia : a district-level analysis /". Lund, 2008. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/594026369.pdf.

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34

Carvalho, Marianne de Vasconcelos 1982. "Histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of oral Kaposi sarcoma and thyroid gland in AIDS = Estudo histopatológico e imunoistoquímico de sarcoma de Kaposi oral e glândula tireóide de pacientes com Aids". [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/288413.

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Orientador: Pablo Agustin Vargas
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T04:22:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carvalho_MariannedeVasconcelos_D.pdf: 5637293 bytes, checksum: 2a8eb0432fb9178c3131d66c7baf68f0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
Resumo: A síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida (AIDS) é causada pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV). A infecção já acometeu mais de 60 milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo e 25 milhões de mortes. Apesar dos progressos que a comunidade internacional obteve, a AIDS ainda é uma epidemia global e constitui um dos principais problemas de saúde pública mundial. À luz dessa afirmação, este trabalho se fundamenta na abordagem das manifestações dos pacientes com AIDS, dando foco a dois tópicos relativamente distintos, porém de bastante relevância. O primeiro deles se baseia na descrição inédita da diversidade morfológica do sarcoma de Kaposi oral (SKO), o qual é umas das manifestações mais comuns associadas ao HIV, com frequente envolvimento oral. Realizamos um estudo retrospectivo de 135 casos de SKO presentes nos arquivos da Universidade de Pretoria, África do Sul. Após a revisão histológica, o SKO foi classificado em 7 categorias com base no padrão predominante de crescimento, tais como: sólido, limfangioma-like, telangiectásico, desmoplásico, linfangiectatico, equimótico e anaplásico. O significado prognóstico dessas variantes ainda precisará ser determinado, e o reconhecimento da diversidade morfológica do SKO é essencial para evitar erros diagnósticos. Em relação ao segundo capítulo, analisamos 100 tireoides obtidas de autópsias de pacientes com AIDS do Departamento de Patologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Os casos foram analisados sistematicamente, a fim de determinar a frequência e as principais patologias presentes nesta glândula. Micobacteriose foi à infecção mais frequente, seguida por citomegalovírus (CMV) e criptococose. Envolvimento da glândula tiróide ocorreu geralmente como uma parte da disseminação da doença. Os médicos devem ter atenção especial para a detecção de sinais precoces de doenças na tireoide, que podem ser confundidos com sintomas gerais de manifestações da AIDS
Abstract: The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The infection has affected more than 60 million people around the world and over 25 million deaths. Despite the progress of the international community, AIDS is still a global epidemic and is a considerable public health problem worldwide. Due to this, this work is based on the approach of the manifestations of AIDS patients, focusing to two relatively distinct topics, but too much relevant. The first description is based on the unpublished morphological diversity oral Kaposi's sarcoma (OKS), which is one of the most common HIV manifestations, with frequent oral involvement. We performed a retrospective study of 135 cases of OKS retrieved from the archives of the University Of Pretoria, South Africa. After histological review, the OKSs were classified into 7 categories based on the predominant pattern of growth, such as solid, lymphangioma-like, telangiectatic, desmoplastic, lymphangiectatic, ecchymotic, and anaplastic. Although the prognostic significance of these variants is yet to be determined, the appreciation and recognition of such morphologic diversity remains essential in distinguishing these lesions from possible mimickers. Regarding the second chapter, we analyzed 100 thyroid obtained from autopsies of patients with AIDS, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo. The cases were systematically analyzed in order to determine the frequency and the main pathological features of the gland. Mycobacteriosis infection was the most frequent, followed by cytomegalovirus (CMV) and cryptococcosis. Involvement of the thyroid gland usually occurred as a part of dissemination of the disease. Physicians should pay special attention to the early signs of thyroid disease, which can be misdiagnosed with symptoms of general manifestations of AIDS
Doutorado
Patologia
Doutora em Estomatopatologia

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35

Bok, Sarah H. "A multimodal analysis of selected National Lovelife HIV/AIDS prevention campaign texts". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2008. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_4155_1259739735.

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"
This study investigates the ever-changing trends in visual texts and images used during HIV-prevention campaigns in South Africa. The aim is to evaluate and analyse the effect of multimodal texts used in HIV/AIDS campaigns on the understanding and interpretation by the target group, and thus gauge their effectiveness. Using a text-based multimodal approach (Kress and van Leeuwen, 1996/2006
Martin and Rose, 2004), the study takes into account variables such as socio-economic status, literacy levels, language and cultural differences of readers to evaluate the efficacy of loveLife campaigns to disseminate the HIV/AIDS prevention message. This study focuses on the choice of images and words, and whether they cohere to make a meaningful message. The study analyses how the design features, including images, colour and words, impact on the interpretation of the message and also how the design acts as an aid or barrier to the process of decoding the message. The choice of a two-pronged approach combining multimodality and a text-based (discourse) analyses often favoured by those working in systemic functional linguistics is that it enables the researcher to account for social context, economic, linguistic, cultural and behavioural factors that play a role during the decoding phase..."

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Mumba, Chibale K. "Mathematical modelling and analysis of HIV/AIDS and trichomonas vaginalis co-infection". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65185.

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Deterministic models for the transmission dynamics of HIV/AIDS and trichomonas vaginalis (TV) in a human population are formulated and analysed. The models which assumed standard incidence formulations are shown to have globally asymptotically stable (GAS) disease-free equilibria whenever their associated reproduction number is less than unity. Furthermore, both models possess a unique endemic equilibrium that is GAS whenever the associated reproduction number is greater than unity. An extended model for the co-infection of TV and HIV in a human population is also designed and rigorously analysed. The model is shown to exhibit the phenomenon of backward bifurcation, where a stable disease-free equilibrium (DFE) co-exists with a stable endemic equilibrium whenever the associated reproduction number is less than unity. This phenomenon can be removed by assuming that the co-infection of individuals with HIV and TV is negligible. Furthermore, in the absence of co-infection, the DFE of the model is shown to be GAS whenever the associated reproduction number is less than unity. This study identifies a sufficient condition for the emergence of backward bifurcation in the model, namely TV-HIV co-infection. The endemic equilibrium point is shown to be GAS (for a special case) when the associated reproduction number is greater than unity. Numerical simulations of the model, using initial and demographic data, show that increased incidence of TV in a population increases HIV incidence in the population. It is further shown that control strategies, such as treatment, condom-use and counselling of individuals with TV symptoms, can lead to the effective control or elimination of HIV in the population if their effectiveness level is high enough.
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
DST-NRF SARChI Chair in Mathematical Models and Methods in Biosciences and Bioengineering (M3B2)
Mathematics and Applied Mathematics
MSc
Unrestricted

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37

Skinner, Donald. "Vulnerability in children due to HIV/AIDS : Literature review and factor analysis". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9320.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 59-67).
This study aims to use factor analysis to increase our understanding of how these threats covary and comibe to increase the vulnerability of groups of children. Data was drawn from a survey of children aged 6-14 in Kanana in the North West Province, which was part of a larger study to develop best practice interventions for working with orphaned and vulnerable children.

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Heald, Stephanie. "Spatial Analysis of Hiv/aids Survival in Dallas and Harris Counties, Texas". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc115093/.

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More Texans are living with HIV infection than ever before. in fact, there has been a 6% increase annually, since 2002. This trend is not a result of increased HIV/AIDS incidence, but rather improving life expectancy of those living with HIV. Due to significant advances in HIV/AIDS testing, prevention, and treatment, individuals with HIV are living longer than ever before. However, throughout the state, the life expectancy of a person infected with HIV/AIDS varies spatially. This study investigates and attempts to explain the spatial distribution of HIV/AIDS survival rates by examining neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics. the results suggest that, contrary to expectation, the lowest survival rates occur, not in extreme poverty areas, but rather in moderate SES areas. Too rich to qualify for free treatments, but not rich enough to afford purchasing such treatments, the middle income living with HIV infection are caught between the cracks. the results provide important input for targeting public health interventions to improve HIV/AIDS survival.

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Georges, Yves Marie Dominique. "HIV/AIDS in Haiti. An Analysis of Demographics, Lifestyle, STD Awareness, HIV Knowledge and Perception that Influence HIV Infection among Haitians". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/172.

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Introduction Haiti has the highest prevalence of HIV infection in Latina America and the Caribbean. The country faces the worst AIDS epidemic outside Africa and bears the greatest burden of HIV in the western hemisphere. Studies in the past recent years show that HIV/AIDS is most likely to be seen in developed countries. People with low education level and appropriate knowledge about STD’s are more susceptible to get HIV. Lifestyle behaviors represent significant factors in HIV transmission. Understandings these lifestyle factors are therefore critical in reversing the increasing prevalence of HIV/AIDS. The purpose of this investigation is to determine the influence of factors such as demographic, lifestyle, HIV knowledge and misconceptions on HIV transmission. Statistical analysis For this study, we use SPSS (PAWS Statistics 18). The prevalence of HIV-AIDS via HIV status was determined across socio-demographic variables, respondents’ knowledge and misconception regarding HIV/AIDS, STDs awareness and lifestyle. The distribution of categorical variables across levels of dependent variable was analyzed using chi-square tests. All Analyses were stratified across HIV status. The distribution of categorical variables by levels of HIV/AIDS status was determined using one-way analysis of variance. Chi-square analysis was done to determine the distribution of independents across status of dependent variable. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the association between selected life style factors and HIV/AIDS. Odds ratios from the logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the risks of HIV/AIDS that were associated with life style factors. In all analysis, P< .05 was used to determine statistical significance among variables. Stepwise analysis was performed to evaluate the most significant variables that are associated with HIV. Results Among demographic variables, only age was reported having negative significant contribution in HIV status. The other variables, including residence, education, marital status, economic status and gender were not significantly associated with increased odds of HIV transmission. Significant association was observed for HIV status and respondents “who have ever been tested for HIV”. Odd ratio analysis for people who think “avoiding prostitutes” show significant association with HIV status (7%) compared to those who do not; Variables referring to respondents who think “having only one sex partner” and “Limited number of partners” as a way to protect themselves from getting HIV were negatively associated increased risk of HIV. Those who think HIV/AIDS is by witchcraft ware more likely to have positive HIV status. Stepwise analysis for our significant variables from multivariate logistic regression show that only variables referring to young respondents and those who think they can get AIDS by witchcraft are the most significant for a positive HIV status. Discussion Recent epidemiologic data show that the HIV infection in Haiti is mostly concentrated among youth. Young Haitians lack of sexual education and awareness, and misconceptions are the main drivers of HIV risks. To avert the increasing epidemic of HIV/AIDS in Haiti, public health efforts must concentrate in youth education. Such education must emphasize sexual behaviors, lifestyle issues and attitudes. Demystifying the widely held view that HIV is due to witchcraft may also help in reversing the ongoing epidemics of HIV/AIDS in Haiti.

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Haochu, Li Pimpawun Boonmongkon. "Homosexuality in contemporary chinese society : implications for HIV/AIDS prevention /". Abstract, 2006. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2549/cd388/4737913.pdf.

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Chung, Dau-Chuan. "Struggles for recognition the development of HIV/AIDS curricula in schools of social work in Taiwan /". University of Sydney, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/5330.

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Doctor of Philosophy
There is a current debate in schools of social work in Taiwan about whether they should provide specific HIV/AIDS courses or integrate HIV/AIDS issues into the curriculum. However, an argument that draws on the understandings of curriculum development in social work has not emerged. This project not only explores why this is the case but also aims to resolve the debate. This research is based on two methodologies, the development of a genealogy and content analysis of data collected to build the genealogy. Foucaultian conceptualisation of using a genealogy to explain the relationship between power and knowledge has been utilised as a primary theoretical framework. The texts analysed included social work documents as well as social documents. The research objectives were an exploration of what discourses related to HIV/AIDS were constructed in broader Taiwanese society and within social work; and what forces and stakeholders outside and within social work formed HIV/AIDS curricula in social work in Taiwan. The first PLWHA case in Taiwan was reported in 1984, and four key discourses about HIV/AIDS were gradually constructed. They are individual pathological, programmatic, governmental, and socio-cultural discourses. The individual pathological discourse became dominant in Taiwan. Taiwanese social work did not consider HIV/AIDS as an issue until 1992, nearly ten years after it was recognised as a serious medical and social problem in the West. This genealogical research shows that, over time, four key discourses about HIV/AIDS were also represented in Taiwanese social work texts. The programmatic discourse emerged as more popular in social work documents. The genealogy also showed that four identified subgroups within social work in Taiwan were more able to express their views about HIV/AIDS issues. They were social work scholars, practitioners, students and translated social work documents. Reflecting dominant wider social prejudices the genealogy revealed that Taiwanese social work scholars were likely to adhere to the individual pathological discourse, the discourse that blamed those with HIV/AIDS for their own predicament. The other three groups were likely to express a programmatic discourse, which often reflected the changing governmental response over time. The genealogy also showed that influential forces outside social work included international responses on HIV/AIDS, the Taiwanese central governmental responses, social norms regarding sex, sexuality and homosexuality in Taiwan, and the status of social work in society. The key findings of this research lay in the revelation of the power of the four key discourses, the four visible subgroups within social work and the influential forces outside social work in Taiwan that emerged as dominant throughout the genealogical study. These forces formed and shaped the development of HIV/AIDS curricula in a complex way. What these findings provide is a pathway for the development of a responsive curriculum for the education of future social workers in Taiwan.

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42

Podolsky-Scarth, Susan. "An analysis of social work students' knowledge, values and attitudes toward HIV/AIDS". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0001/MQ45108.pdf.

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Thomas, Sarah Lucy. "Functional analysis of regions within the HIV-1 rev trans-activator required for multimer formation". Thesis, University of Warwick, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319814.

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Grant, Deirdre. "Poor, black and female : an analysis of South African print media framing of people living with HIV/AIDS". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8639.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 91-105).
Media coverage of HIV/AIDS issues inﬂuences how the public views the epidemic and people living with HIV/AIDS (PWAs). This dissertation investigates how two key lwge circulation English ianguage newspapers in South Africa frame PWAs. The research examines both the content of selected print media, Sunday Times and Daily Sun, and the context in which journalists work. In relation to the latter, the study adopts a critical political economy perspective of the media which argues that political and economic constraints on media organizations in tension with human agency by journalists and editors impacts on the content of newspapers and other mass media. This thesis examines HIV/AIDS coverage from the beginning of January until the end of April 2005 through the use of content analysis. Most previous research in relation to HIV/AIDS reporting in the print media has concentrated on the poiiticization of coverage during key moments in South Africa’s HIV/AIDS history. This period was deliberately chosen to be both contemporaneous and in order to examine the routine representations of PWAs during 'ordinary times', when HIV/AIDS was not high on the political agenda. Qualitative research in the form of semi-structured in-depth interviews was also conducted with ﬁve reporters and editors in order to explore in greater detail issues relating to HIV/AIDS reporting. This research found that the print media in South Africa frames the HIV/AIDS epidemic in a gendered and racialised way. From print media reports examined, the picture painted of PWAs is usually black, female and poor. Official sources continue to dominate coverage, but PWAs are gaining a voice in news reports. The language used in these reports is becoming more positive and empowering, but is still regularly stigmatizing.

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Mayoh, Melanie. "An exploratory analysis of HIV/AIDS epidemic risk-factors among Aboriginal people in Canada and African South Africans". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12374.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 51-56).
When addressing the global HIV/AIDS pandemic, it is necessary to identify risk factors which are shared by populations, as well as those which may place populations uniquely at risk. Although Canada is a developed country, its Aboriginal population shares socio-economic characteristics with the world's developing populations. This thesis explores the shared risk factors among the Aboriginal population in Canada, where the HIV/AIDS epidemic is increasing despite relatively low national prevalence rates, and South Africa's African population, where the HIV/AIDS epidemic is particularly acute. The present analysis compares the profile of the African South African HIV/AIDS epidemic with risk factors that also occur among Aboriginal people. The results of this analysis show that the Aboriginal population has an epidemic risk profile that is similar to that of African South Africans. This points to the potential for a rapid increase of HIV/AIDS among Aboriginal people, as has been the case in the African South African population over the past two decades.

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Kotze, Sophia Catharina. "Rethinking HIV/AIDS pre-test counselling in South Africa". Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01302006-154411.

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Moeketsi, Letsatsi Jonas. "A model for the strategic management of HIV/AIDS in Gauteng schools / Letsatsi Jonas Moeketsi". Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2533.

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Mhangwane, Priscilla Sheila. "A strategic management model for dealing with HIV/AIDS epidemic at schools / Priscilla Sheila Mhangwane". Thesis, North-West University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2475.

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Mackay, Hayley. "Critical analysis of employer’s workplace policies towards HIV positive employees". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27261.

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The courts approach to HIV positive employees will be studied as they give a rough This dissertation takes its focus from the plight of millions of South Africans living with HIV/AIDS. HIV sufferers count for 11.2 percent of our entire population. It has furthermore been predicted that in the next 10 years to come, 40 to 50 percent of the current workforce will be lost to HIV/AIDS.1 Only certain people qualify for free government issued anti-retrovirals (HIV/AIDS medication), this leaves a large portion of people unable to afford their much needed medication. This ultimately leads to them becoming very ill and often unable to work. These statistics do not leave the South African employment situation with great confidence. Much legislation has been promulgated that prohibits the discrimination of those suffering from the disease and this legislation and its impact will be analyzed to see if it does meet the current needs of those suffering from HIV/AIDS. What will be discussed is how this legislation does not make available for the mechanism for employers to provide either the treatment or the access to a medical aid for their employees suffering from HIV. The cost of such a provision of treatment will be a great expense to any employer, especially those of a smaller nature. What will be dealt with is ways in which to encourage employers to implement such a scheme, through tax rebates and seeing the financial benefits of implementing such an arrangement. The provision of treatment encourages a better working relationship and reduces, amongst other things, the cost of staff replacement. The Labour Relations Act2 does offer employer’s guidelines as to how HIV positive employees should be handled at the workplace. However these are just guidelines. What will be examined is how such a policy can be implemented in any workplace, the contents of such a policy and benefits of it being a compulsory workplace addition. Successful workplace policies and legislative guidelines will be used to create an ideal HIV workplace policy model. The courts approach to HIV positive employees will be studied as they give a rough indication of whether HIV positive person’s rights are being affected at the workplace. This will dictate to us whether there is a need for improvement and to what extent. What will be seen is that there are large gaps in the South African employment arena. HIV positive employees are falling through these gaps with no protection and no one willing to take on the challenge of helping to improve their lives.
Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
Public Law
unrestricted

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Moqasa, Nketsi Abel. "Investigation into HIV/AIDS coverage in selected South African newspapers". Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1006285.

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Abstract (sommario):

This study investigates HIV/AIDS coverage in selected South African newspapers. The rationale for the study hinges on the fact that the media’s role in informing society about social issues, such as HIV/AIDS, is of paramount importance. The study adopted, principally, the content analysis method and, as a supplement, discourse analysis. Four daily newspapers were content-analysed, namely: Daily Dispatch, Daily Sun, Sowetan and The Star. A total of 288 editions of newspapers, spanning a period of twelve months (January to December 2010) were sampled. This study is informed by agenda setting theory. Discourse analysis was used to determine the compliance of these newspapers to media guides on the use of appropriate language or terminologies. The tone, sentence structures used when disseminating HIV/AIDS stories were also examined. The results revealed that HIV/AIDS coverage by these newspapers is reasonable even though the prominence given to HIV/AIDS issues is dissatisfactory in terms of placement on the page, headline font-size and number of paragraphs devoted to HIV/AIDS stories. 5.0% of HIV/AIDS-oriented stories were placed on the front page; 93.8% on the inside pages while 1.3% were placed on the back pages. It was also found that news and feature were used equally to disseminate HIV/AIDS issues. These genres constituted 50% each. On the other hand, the results revealed a statistically non-significant relationship between the newspapers and categories; that is: (25.09 2   , p  0.122  0.05 ). Results further revealed that these newspapers used appropriate terminology and value-neutral language in their stories. The tone of the messages was found to be positive and encouraging.

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Tesi sul tema "HIV/AIDS model analysis"

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