Articoli di riviste: "Hybrid PV-BESS system grid connected"

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Lo Franco, Francesco, Antonio Morandi, Pietro Raboni e Gabriele Grandi. "Efficiency Comparison of DC and AC Coupling Solutions for Large-Scale PV+BESS Power Plants". Energies 14, n. 16 (7 agosto 2021): 4823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14164823.

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In large-scale photovoltaic (PV) power plants, the integration of a battery energy storage system (BESS) permits a more flexible operation, allowing the plant to support grid stability. In hybrid PV+BESS plants, the storage system can be integrated by using different power conversion system (PCS) layouts and different charge–discharge strategies. In the AC-coupling layout, the BESS is connected to the ac-side of the system through an additional inverter. In the DC-coupling layout, the BESS is connected to the dc-side, with or without a dedicated dc–dc converter, and no additional inverter is needed. Referring to a 288 MWp PV plant with a 275 MWh BESS, this paper compares the PCS efficiency between AC- and DC-coupling solutions. The power injected into the grid is obtained considering providing primary power-frequency regulation services. A charging and discharging strategy of the BESS is proposed to ensure cyclic battery energy shifting. The power flows in the different components of the system that are obtained under realistic operating conditions, and total energy losses and annual average efficiency are calculated accordingly. Finally, results show a higher efficiency of DC-coupling compared to the AC-coupling layout.

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ATTOU, Nasreddine, Sid-Ahmed ZIDI, Mohamed KHATIR e Samir HADJERI. "Energy Management System for Hybrid Microgrids". Electrotehnica, Electronica, Automatica 69, n. 2 (15 maggio 2021): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.46904/eea.21.69.2.1108003.

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Energy management in grid-connected Micro-grids (MG) has undergone rapid evolution in recent times due to several factors such as environmental issues, increasing energy demand and the opening of the electricity market. The Energy Management System (EMS) allows the optimal scheduling of energy resources and energy storage systems in MG in order to maintain the balance between supply and demand at low cost. The aim is to minimize peaks and fluctuations in the load and production profile on the one hand, and, on the other hand, to make the most of renewable energy sources and energy exchanges with the utility grid. In this paper, our attention has been focused on a Rule-based energy management system (RB EMS) applied to a residential multi-source grid-connected MG. A Microgrid model has been implemented that combines distributed energy sources (PV, WT, BESS), a number of EVs equipped with the Vehicle to Grid technology (V2G) and variable load. Different operational scenarios were developed to see the behaviour of the implemented management system during the day, including the random demand profile of EV users, the variation in load and production, grid electricity price variation. The simulation results presented in this paper demonstrate the efficacy of the suggested EMS and confirm the strategy's feasibility as well as its ability to properly share power among different sources, loads and vehicles by obeying constraints on each element.

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Ramelan, Agus, Feri Adriyanto, Chico Hermanu Brillianto Apribowo, Muhammad Hamka Ibrahim, Irwan Iftadi e Gilang Satria Ajie. "Simulation and Techno-Economic Analysis of On-Grid Battery Energy Storage Systems in Indonesia". Journal of Electrical, Electronic, Information, and Communication Technology 3, n. 1 (30 aprile 2021): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jeeict.3.1.50492.

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The limited capacity of renewable energy sources in the grid utility is a challenge. Increasing the capacity of renewable energy sources is supported by energy storage in the grid. The Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) allows storing more electricity from New and Renewable Energy (EBT) sources to meet load requirements. This paper designs a techno-economic study of various battery technologies using HOMER (Hybrid Optimization Modeling Software) software simulation. Simulations are made for grid-connected photovoltaic systems in Indonesia. HOMER is used to find the energy cost ($ / kWh) for each type of battery technology and battery system size. The simulation is designed using 1MWp PV component parameters, inverter, energy storage to be compared, residental load, and connected to the grid. The results will help to determine which technology and battery size is more suitable for the system. The findings from this paper resulted in the lowest Levelized Cost Of Energy (LCOE) of $ 1.03 in solar power generation.

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Et.al, N. Pooja. "Energy Management System Designed for Residential Grid connected Micro Grid". Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, n. 3 (10 aprile 2021): 4627–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i3.1867.

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This paper presents an energy management system supported by PI Controller for a residential grid connected micro grid with renewable hybrid generation (wind and photo voltaic) and battery system. Modeling hybrid system includes non conventional energy sources given at sporadic supply conditions and dynamic energy demand, and to make conceptual energy storage with the help of battery system . Designing an appropriate scheme that dynamically changes modes of renewable integrated system based on the availability of RES power and changes in load. Wind,PV are the primary power supply of the system; battery is going to be act as a substitute.The PI controller is developed and carried out for the aimed hybrid(Wind and PV) energy system to integrate the non conventional energy sources to the serviceability either to grid or to Residential loads.main objective is improvement of transients during switching periods by using an efficient PI controller.maximum power point tracking is also other objective is energy management system designed for the residential grid connected Micro Grid. Simulations are carried out on the proposed Hybrid energy system using MATLAB/ SIMULINK.

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Konneh, David, Harun Howlader, Ryuto Shigenobu, Tomonobu Senjyu, Shantanu Chakraborty e Narayanan Krishna. "A Multi-Criteria Decision Maker for Grid-Connected Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems Selection Using Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization". Sustainability 11, n. 4 (23 febbraio 2019): 1188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11041188.

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Combating climate change issues resulting from excessive use of fossil fuels comes with huge initial costs, thereby posing difficult challenges for the least developed countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) to invest in renewable energy alternatives, especially with rapid industrialization. However, designing renewable energy systems usually hinges on different economic and environmental criteria. This paper used the Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) technique to optimally size ten grid-connected hybrid blocks selected amongst Photo-Voltaic (PV) panels, onshore wind turbines, biomass combustion plant using sugarcane bagasse, Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), and Diesel Generation (DG) system as backup power, to reduce the supply deficit in Sierra Leone. Resource assessment using well-known methods was done for PV, wind, and biomass for proposed plant sites in Kabala District in Northern and Kenema District in Southern Sierra Leone. Long term analysis was done for the ten hybrid blocks projected over 20 years whilst ensuring the following objectives: minimizing the Deficiency of Power Supply Probability (DPSP), Diesel Energy Fraction (DEF), Life Cycle Costs (LCC), and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions. Capacity factors of 27.41 % and 31.6 % obtained for PV and wind, respectively, indicate that Kabala district is the most feasible location for PV and wind farm installations. The optimum results obtained are compared across selected blocks for DPSP values of 0–50% to determine the most economical and environmentally friendly alternative that policy makers in Sierra Leone and the region could apply to similar cases.

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Azoug, Hakim, Hocine Belmili e Fekkak Bouazza. "Grid-connected control of PV-Wind hybrid energy system". International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 12, n. 2 (1 giugno 2021): 1228. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v12.i2.pp1228-1238.

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ABSTRACT Article history: Received Oct 14, 2020 Revised Mar 22, 2021 Accepted Apr 23, 2021 This paper presented a strategy for modeling, simulation and control of a hybrid grid connected power system which is in fact a rather complex system. In this work, we study how to use two renewable energies in an efficient manner without any disturbing of the main network. Our hybrid energy system (HES) is composed by two renewable energy sources, the photovoltaic source and wind source. It is better for these two systems to work at their maximum power in order to return the investment cost of the system. The proposed solution is to connect those generators to the electrical grid via the AC bus with trackers. Where the photovoltaic generator (PVG) is followed by a DC/DC boost converter, controlled by a perturb and observe (P&O) tracker, then followed by a three-phase voltage inverter (3-ph-VSI) which is controlled by the watt-var decoupled method. The wind system is based on permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) which is used as a variable speed generator and directly connected to the turbine (without gearbox) followed by back-to-back converters. The grid side converter (GSC) allows us to control the DC bus voltage and unity power factor, while the machine side converter (MSC) ensures us to control the PMSM speed. Knowing that pitch angle control is not considered in our study. The MPPT control strategy, which is based on the optimum peak speed ratio (OTSR), is used to ensure the most energy efficiency despite variations in wind speed. The coupling of the two systems is done via the Point of Common Collecting (PCC). Finally, simulation results show the feasibility of our solution and the good performances of the proposed control strategy, applied for mediumsized HES in power generation. They also demonstrate that such system topology is very advantageous.

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Reddy Salkuti, Surender. "Optimal operation management of grid-connected microgrids under uncertainty". Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 16, n. 3 (1 dicembre 2019): 1163. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v16.i3.pp1163-1170.

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This paper proposes a new optimal operation of Microgrids (MGs) in a distribution system with wind energy generators (WEGs), solar photovoltaic (PV) energy systems, battery energy storage (BES) systems, electric vehicles (EVs) and demand response (DR). To reduce the fluctuations of wind, solar PV powers and load demands, the BES systems and DR are utilized in the proposed hybrid system. The detailed modeling of WEGs, solar PV units, load demands, BES systems and EVs has been presented in this paper. The objective considered here is the minimization of total operating cost of microgrid, and it is formulated by considering the cost of power exchange between the main power grid and microgrid, cost of wind and solar PV energy systems, cost of BES systems, EVs and the cost due to the DR in the system. Simulations are performed on a test microgrid, and they are implemented using GAMS software. Various case studies are performed with and without considering the proposed hybrid system.

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Raju, V. S. N. Narasimha, M. Premalatha e D. V. Siva Krishna Rao K. "A Novel Constant Power Management Controller for Hybrid PV-Battery System". Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 29, n. 08 (30 settembre 2019): 2050119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126620501194.

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In grid-connected applications, the photovoltaic (PV)-based power generation is getting more attention these days due to several factors like pollution-free, single investment plant, etc. However, it has the drawback of interruption in power generation, which makes it undesirable to power system. In order to overcome this drawback, a constant power is supplied to the grid by integrating energy storage system like battery and/or ultra-capacitor with solar PV. This paper proposes a grid-connected PV-battery-based hybrid power system to deliver a constant power to the grid. Modeling and simulation of solar PV-battery-based hybrid system have been developed and the constant power management controller (CPMC) is ensured to inject constant power at the change in environmental conditions. The simulation result shows the performance of proposed control algorithm to PV-battery-based hybrid system is validated.

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Zhang, Yan, Jie Meng, Bo Guo e Tao Zhang. "An Improved Dispatch Strategy of a Grid-Connected Hybrid Energy System with High Penetration Level of Renewable Energy". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/602063.

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As more and more renewable energy sources (RES) integrated into the conventional distribution system, how to make the current electric grid more reliable and efficient is becoming an important topic the world must face. In order to achieve these goals, grid-connected hybrid energy systems (HES) which contain battery energy storage systems (BESS) and many other advanced technologies have been developed and applied. Many benefits of BESS, such as high density of energy and power, have fast response in energy time-shift, frequency regulation, and so on. This paper focuses on the fluctuation alleviation and power quality improvement of grid-connected HES with high penetration level of RES. A multistage dispatch strategy of BESS for HES is proposed in this paper to mitigate the randomness and intermittence of the power flowed in HES because of high penetration level of RES integration. Four other conventional strategies are also discussed for evaluating the performance of the method proposed in this paper. Detailed cases and corresponding discussions are implemented, and the results show that the method proposed in this paper is more effective and robust than the other conventional strategies.

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Basir Khan, Mohammed Reyasudin, Jagadeesh Pasupuleti, Jabbar Al-Fattah e Mehrdad Tahmasebi. "Optimal Grid-Connected PV System for a Campus Microgrid". Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 12, n. 3 (1 dicembre 2018): 899. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i3.pp899-906.

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This paper discusses on the implementation of a grid-connected PV system for university campus in Malaysia. The primary goal of this study is to develop a grid-connected microgrid comprises of Photovoltaic (PV) and a battery storage system to meet the campus load demand and minimize grid dependency. The microgrid modeled and simulated in Hybrid Optimization Model for Electrical Renewable (HOMER) software. Actual load profile and renewable resources were used as an input parameter for the hybrid system. The campus selected is Universiti Kuala Lumpur, British Malaysian Institute as it represents typical load profile for a small campus. Therefore, the results can be used to represent hybrid system development for other small campuses in Malaysia as well. Firstly, optimal sizing of renewable energy (RE) were simulated with respect to total Net Present Cost (NPC) and Cost of Energy (COE). Then, sensitivity analysis conducted to determine the system performance based on changes of load growth, and renewable resources. The results demonstrate optimal HRES combinations for the campus microgrid comprises of 50 kWp of PV generations with 50 kW inverter. However, inclusion of 576 kWh battery storage system will increase the NPC but has higher RE penetration.

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K., Aseem. "Energy Management Controller for Grid Connected Solar PV System with SMES-battery Hybrid Energy Storage". Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems 12, SP4 (31 marzo 2020): 1385–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5373/jardcs/v12sp4/20201617.

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Xue, Lei, Li Bin Wang, Zhi Gang Wang e Shu Ying Li. "Energy Management System Research for Wind-PV-ES Hybrid Microgrid Based on Storage Battery". Advanced Materials Research 660 (febbraio 2013): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.660.139.

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Energy management strategy is important to keep microgrid stable. In this paper, energy management strategy of Wind-PV-ES hybrid microgrid is proposed. Due to the power output of wind and PV are unknown quantities, the key point of Wind-PV-ES hybrid energy management lies in the energy management of storage battery. The flow charts of energy management strategy are given in detail and Wind-PV-ES microgrid model is built with DigSILENT/PowerFactory. Then the transition state simulation as to the micro-grid mode switching process is carried out. The result shows that the proposed energy management strategy could keep connected bus voltage and micro-grid frequency stable in grid-connected mode, islanding mode and during micro-grid mode switching.

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Mubaarak, Saif, Delong Zhang, Yongcong Chen, Jinxin Liu, Longze Wang, Rongfang Yuan, Jing Wu, Yan Zhang e Meicheng Li. "Techno-Economic Analysis of Grid-Connected PV and Fuel Cell Hybrid System Using Different PV Tracking Techniques". Applied Sciences 10, n. 23 (28 novembre 2020): 8515. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10238515.

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Solar energy has attracted the attention of researchers around the world due to its advantages. However, photovoltaic (PV) panels still have not attained the desired efficiency and economic mature. PV tracking techniques can play a vital role in improving the performance of the PV system. The aim of this paper is to evaluate and compare the technical and economic performance of grid-connected hybrid energy systems including PV and fuel cells (FC) by applying major types of PV tracking technique. The topology and design principles and technical description of hybrid system components are proposed in this paper. Moreover, this paper also introduces economic criteria, which are used to evaluate the economy of different PV tracking techniques and seek the optimal configuration of system components. In the case study, the results show that the vertical single axis tracker was ranked 1st in terms of highest PV generation, penetration of renewable energy to the grid, lowest CO2 emission, highest energy sold to the grid and lowest purchased, and lowest net present cost (NPC) and levelized cost of energy (LCOE). The study found that the optimal design of a grid-connected hybrid energy system (PV-FC) was by using a vertical single axis tracker which has the lowest NPC, LCOE.

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Xie, Yang, Ming Zhang, Guo Zhong Jiang, Peng Geng e Ke Xun Yu. "Simulation on Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage in a Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System". Advanced Materials Research 986-987 (luglio 2014): 1268–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.986-987.1268.

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Photovoltaic (PV) generation is widely used to solve energy shortage and environment problem. Since the output current of the solar cell will change with the sunlight irradiation, the power of the solar cells are not stable, so there is a need of a storage equipment connected to the PV system. With the characteristics of high efficient energy storage and quick response of the power exchange, the superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) can be used to meet the balance between the grid and the PV. A SMES and PV subsystem are connected together with the DC bus, which have less power electronics elements and can control power quality efficiently than linked with the AC bus. This hybrid system is composed of a DC/AC converter on the grid side, a DC/DC converter with the PV arrays, and a DC chopper with the superconducting magnet. A detailed model of the hybrid system is built with MATLAB/SIMULINK. Simulation results with and without SMES connected to the grid-connected photovoltaic system are presented, compared, and analyzed. The results of simulation demonstrate that the SMES system can maintain the DC bus as a constant value which can contribute to the stability and reliability of the grid-connected PV system.

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Nikum, Karuna, Rakesh Saxena e Abhay wagh. "Cost Optimization of PV-Wind- Battery-Grid Connected hybrid system". International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering 3, n. 2 (25 febbraio 2016): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/23488379/ijeee-v3i2p105.

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Mohamed, Shazly A., Mohamed A. Tolba, Ayman A. Eisa e Ali M. El-Rifaie. "Comprehensive Modeling and Control of Grid-Connected Hybrid Energy Sources Using MPPT Controller". Energies 14, n. 16 (20 agosto 2021): 5142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14165142.

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Nuclear and renewables energies are the two variants for low-carbon energy and the evolving grid suggests possible synergies between them. Nuclear energy introduces supple operations based on power demand, while renewables such as PV and wind hybrid systems depend on the presence and strength of sunlight or wind. For grid stability, there is need to improve their performance in order to overcome the impact of this disadvantage. The paper is a step in this direction as it addresses a detailed comprehensive dynamic modeling and an efficient control of grid-connected energy sources such as PV or wind system to increase system reliability and to ensure the power quality and safe operation of critical demands. The behavior of the suggested hybrid system is tested at different climate circumstances such as variation of sun radiation and wind speed. The PV is equipped with a boost converter and a three-phase pulse width modulation (PWM) inverter. The wind energy comprises a doubly fed generator (DFIG) based on a variable-speed wind turbine. The two controllers’ rotor-side and grid-side converters of DFIG have the ability to generate and observe reactive power, to keep constant speed of the rotor and control the DC-link voltage. The proposed scheme was investigated using MATLAB software. The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) was used for two systems, PV and wind, in varying weather conditions. The simulation results prove that the voltage at the point of common coupling was constant. Furthermore, the injected current of the grid side was in sinusoidal form and was synchronized with grid side voltage. In addition, the injected power-to-utility grid was around power delivered by the hybrid PV and wind system.

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Pokakul, Wilailuk, e Nipon Ketjoy. "Performance Analyzing of Stand-Alone PV Hybrid Mini-Grid System with PV at DC and AC Coupling". Applied Mechanics and Materials 839 (giugno 2016): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.839.23.

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Stand-alone PV system has been originally developed to feed solar energy produced by PV modules into the system by using solar charger controller at DC bus called “DC Coupling” for long time. In Late 1990 there is a new concept of feeding solar energy to the PV system at AC bus called “AC Coupling”. The AC coupling system uses grid connected inverter to convert energy produced by PV modules and synchronize output to AC distribution line. In mini grid system the common AC output of Bi-directional inverters or diesel generators performs as grid forming device to supply distribution line. Since 1990 there are stand-alone PV systems designed by using DC coupling or AC coupling which each type of PV coupling system highlight their advantage over the other. The work in this document presents a comparison of the efficiency of DC coupling and AC coupling PV system design in a hybrid mini-grid and finally proposes the alternative PV system design by using the “Dual DC and AC coupling” PV system in a hybrid mini-grid design. The HOMER Pro micro-grid analysis tool which can simulate DC and AC coupling PV system is used to compare leverage cost of energy (LCOE) of different type of PV hybrid mini-grid system. The simulation software which can do performance analyzing metric according to IEC 61724 and IEA-PVPS T2 is created in this study in order to simulate system operation and performance using DC, AC and dual DC and AC coupling PV system. The conclusion can clearly identify the best PV system in hybrid mini-grid in terms of LCOE and system performance.

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Subramaniam, Umashankar, Sridhar Vavilapalli, Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban, Frede Blaabjerg, Jens Bo Holm-Nielsen e Dhafer Almakhles. "A Hybrid PV-Battery System for ON-Grid and OFF-Grid Applications—Controller-In-Loop Simulation Validation". Energies 13, n. 3 (9 febbraio 2020): 755. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13030755.

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In remote locations such as villages, islands and hilly areas, there is a possibility of frequent power failures, voltage drops or power fluctuations due to grid-side faults. Grid-connected renewable energy systems or micro-grid systems are preferable for such remote locations to meet the local critical load requirements during grid-side failures. In renewable energy systems, solar photovoltaic (PV) power systems are accessible and hybrid PV-battery systems or energy storage systems (ESS) are more capable of providing uninterruptible power to the local critical loads during grid-side faults. This energy storage system also improves the system dynamics during power fluctuations. In present work, a PV-battery hybrid system with DC-side coupling is considered, and a power balancing control (PBC) is proposed to transfer the power to grid/load and the battery. In this system, a solar power conditioning system (PCS) acts as an interface across PV source, battery and the load/central grid. With the proposed PBC technique, the system can operate in following operational modes: (a) PCS can be able to work in grid-connected mode during regular operation; (b) PCS can be able to charge the batteries and (c) PCS can be able to operate in standalone mode during grid side faults and deliver power to the local loads. The proposed controls are explained, and the system response during transient and steady-state conditions is described. With the help of controller-in-loop simulation results, the proposed power balancing controls are validated, for both off-grid and on-grid conditions.

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Htaik, Myo, Ryoichi Hara e Hiroyuki Kita. "Study on Fault and Isolated Condition in Two Circuit Configurations of PV-ESS Hybrid System". ISRN Renewable Energy 2012 (11 aprile 2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/863813.

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Most photovoltaic (PV) generation systems are connected with a utility grid and recognized as supplemental generation resources; but in some applications such as microgrid concept, a PV system works as a main resource. To improve the availability of PV systems, technological development for higher less output fluctuation in normal condition, higher fault tolerance in fault occurrence, and power demand and supply balancing in isolated condition are required. For these reasons, hybridization of a PV system and an energy storage system (ESS) would become an important technology in the future. This paper presented two kinds of circuit models, conventional “ac-connected PV-ESS,” and proposed “dc-connected PV-ESS” in which ESS is inserted at the dc-side of PV system. This paper also investigated dc-link voltage controlled by dc-dc converter of ESS in dc-connected PV-ESS and suitable control systems are also discussed normal, during fault occurrence and isolated operation.

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Bandahalli Mallappa, Prasad Kumar, Herminio Martínez-García e Guillermo Velasco-Quesada. "Power Quality Improvements in Grid-Connected PV System Using Hybrid Technology". Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 19 (settembre 2021): 316–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/repqj19.284.

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In recent trends, photo-voltaic (PV) is mostly build upon competitive technological development of power quality (PQ) issues. In this article, a hybrid control strategy is implemented with multi-level inverter (MLI) to improve PQ features. As a result, the combination of these controllers with suitable level of MLI could improve the PQ features in a significant way.

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Amorndechaphon, D., S. Premrudeepreechacharn, K. Higuchi e X. Roboam. "Modified Grid-Connected CSI for Hybrid PV/Wind Power Generation System". International Journal of Photoenergy 2012 (2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/381016.

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The principle of a power conditioning unit for hybrid PV/wind power generation system is proposed. The proposed power conditioner is based on the current source inverter (CSI) topology. All energy sources are connected in parallel with a DC-bus through the modified wave-shaping circuits. To achieve the unity power factor at the utility grid, the DC-link current can be controlled via the wave-shaping circuits with the sinusoidal PWM scheme. In this work, the carrier-based PWM scheme is also proposed to minimize the utility current THD. The power rating of the proposed system can be increased by connecting more PV/wind modules through their wave-shaping circuits in parallel with the other modules. The details of the operating principles, the system configurations, and the design considerations are described. The effectiveness of the proposed CSI is demonstrated by simulation results.

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Lloret, A., J. Andreu, J. Merten, J. Puigdollers, O. Aceves, L. Sabata, M. Chantant e U. Eicker. "Large grid-connected hybrid PV system integrated in a public building". Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications 6, n. 6 (novembre 1998): 453–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-159x(199811/12)6:6<453::aid-pip234>3.0.co;2-p.

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Chen, Yaow-Ming, Yuan-Chuan Liu, Shih-Chieh Hung e Chung-Sheng Cheng. "Multi-Input Inverter for Grid-Connected Hybrid PV/Wind Power System". IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 22, n. 3 (maggio 2007): 1070–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2007.897117.

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Khanh, Loc Nguyen, Jae-Jin Seo, Yun-Seong Kim e Dong-Jun Won. "Power-Management Strategies for a Grid-Connected PV-FC Hybrid System". IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 25, n. 3 (luglio 2010): 1874–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.2010.2047735.

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Sujatha, B. G., e G. S. Anitha. "Enhancement of PQ in grid connected PV system using hybrid technique". Ain Shams Engineering Journal 9, n. 4 (dicembre 2018): 869–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2016.04.007.

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P Hari Pallavi and P Ankineedu Prasad. "Power Quality Enhancement of Grid-Connected Solar Photovoltaic System using ANN based Filter". International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology 7, n. 03 (9 aprile 2021): 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.46501/10.46501/ijmtst0703015.

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Grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems are increasingly attracting the attention of industry and academia as a means of providing an alternative to conventional fossil-fuel generation and pollution-free power. This project aims to improve the power quality level of a grid-tied PV distribution system using shunt active power filter (APF) along with adaptive current control technique. In this work Artificial Neural Network controller used to destroy the voltage and current harmonics in a grid-tied PV system. A reference current generation strategy is implemented to mitigate the current harmonics by extracting the fundamental constituents (FCs) from the nonlinear load currents. MCCF is employed to separate the FC from the distorted grid voltages and eliminates the voltage harmonics during extremely polluted grid voltage condition. The comparative analysis is analyzed to check the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid control scheme with existing and adaptive control techniques in respect of power quality, better dc offset rejection, better FC and frequency extraction, and grid synchronization.

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B Anand Swaroop and K Jagadeesh. "Power Quality Enhancement of Grid-Connected Solar Photovoltaic System Using ANN based Filter". International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology 7, n. 03 (9 aprile 2021): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst0703018.

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Grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems are increasingly attracting the attention of industry and academia as a means of providing an alternative to conventional fossil-fuel generation and pollution-free power. This project aims to improve the power quality level of a grid-tied PV distribution system using shunt active power filter (APF) along with adaptive current control technique. In this work Fuzzy Logic controller used to destroy the voltage and current harmonics in a grid-tied PV system. A reference current generation strategy is implemented to mitigate the current harmonics by extracting the fundamental constituents (FCs) from the nonlinear load currents. MCCF is employed to separate the FC from the distorted grid voltages and eliminates the voltage harmonics during extremely polluted grid voltage condition. The comparative analysis is analyzed to check the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid control scheme with existing and adaptive control techniques in respect of power quality, better dc offset rejection, better FC and frequency extraction, and grid synchronization.

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28

Hadifar, Navid, e Amirreza Ayanlou. "A Comparative Feasibility Study of Stand-Alone and Grid-Connected PV System for Residential Load: A Case Study in Iran". E3S Web of Conferences 239 (2021): 00008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123900008.

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With rising the environmental issues regarding the fossil fuels, the renewable energy resources (RES) could be as interesting scheme in supply side for micro grids. The aim of this paper is to investigate the feasibility of photovoltaic (PV) system in Iran both in grid-connected and island mode. The case study is a residential house in the city of Amol. The software of HOMER (Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Energy Resources) is used for analyzing the data for finding the optimal design among the various solutions which takes in to account electrical and economic assessment factors. In the section of grid-connection mode, two different simulation methods namely HOMER optimizer mode and optimal sizing design mode is used to better understand the grid participation with PV in supplying the power for load demand. Finally, the optimal and affordable design for selected region is grid-connected PV system which alleviate the energy need from grid.

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Sarojini, Ratnam Kamala, Palanisamy Kaliannan, Yuvaraja Teekaraman, Srete Nikolovski e Hamid Reza Baghaee. "An Enhanced Emulated Inertia Control for Grid-Connected PV Systems with HESS in a Weak Grid". Energies 14, n. 6 (19 marzo 2021): 1721. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14061721.

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The role of renewable energy sources in the power grid is increasing tremendously. However, power electronic converters are used to incorporate RES into the grid without inertia. This article recommends an improved emulated inertia control approach focused on the frequency deviation and rate of change of frequency to enhance the inertia of a power system. The required inertial power calculated from emulated inertia control is delivered through hybrid energy storage systems equipped with a proper hybrid energy storage system control. The fast-varying power calculated from emulated inertia control is linked to super-capacitor. Simultaneously, the battery handles the slow varying power by regulating the DC bus voltage proportionate to the frequency variations. Further, the stability of the emulated inertia control and hybrid energy storage system controller is validated by Bode plots. The simulation results verified the correctness of the proposed emulated inertia control and hybrid energy storage system control. The real-time simulation results with the help of OPAL-RT are presented to validate the proposed method’s feasibility.

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30

Shetty, Nayana, e Chakrasali R.L. "Grid – connected operation and performance of hybrid DG having PV and PEMFC". Circuit World 47, n. 3 (28 luglio 2021): 262–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cw-01-2021-0003.

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Abstract (sommario):

Purpose “the purpose of this study/paper” or “this study/paper aims to” in the Purpose section of the Abstract. The integration of distributed generation (DG) to the utility grid is yet another approach to provide reliable and secured power. Design/methodology/approach The significant concern in this contemporary world are the day-to-day increasing power demand, lack of energy and increasing environmental pollution, which are threatening the existence of living things. Findings The research focus here is to adequacy and security in the grid-integrated hybrid distributed generation (DG) having photovoltaic (PV) and proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Originality/value PV system is a clean source of generation and suitable for many applications. Photovoltaic cell captures the energy from solar irradiation. To track the maximum power from PV, perturb and observe method is used. As it is intermittent in nature, integrating PV with fuel cell makes the hybrid source more reliable. Power electronic interfacing devices are used to integrate this hybrid DG source to microgrid. The simulation of this grid-connected hybrid DG is performed using Matlab/Simulink environment.

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31

Bhuyan, Sujit Kumar, Prakash Kumar Hota e Bhagabata Panda. "Modeling and Simulation of Grid Connected Hybrid Energy System and its Fault Analysis". International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 9, n. 2 (1 giugno 2018): 775. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v9.i2.pp775-783.

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This paper represents a hybrid energy system (HES) consisting of photovoltaic (PV), Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC), electrolyzer system and a storage tank. In this proposed system a fuel cell controller is used where a PID controller is utilized to control the flow of hydrogen (H2) through the valve to the SOFC to fulfill the load requirement. In this model a supervisory controller is used to regulate the whole system according to load requirement. So, when PV power is more than load requirement, then PV power fulfill the required load demand as well as the extra power of PV is utilized to generate the hydrogen (H2) by the help of electrolyzer, further this hydrogen is used as a fuel of SOFC. Also in this proposed model different types of faults are considered and verified their effect on the load as well as in distribution network. The computer simulations are done for the purpose technology and verified its effectiveness. Hence the appropriate results are obtained.

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Arévalo, Paul, Darío Benavides, Juan L. Espinoza e Francisco Jurado. "Optimal Design and Energy Management for a Grid Connected Renewable Hybrid System (PV-HKT-GRID)". E3S Web of Conferences 173 (2020): 02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017302001.

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The integration of renewable energy is transcendental for sustainable development. This article analyses a hybrid grid-connected system composed of renewable energy technologies (photovoltaichydrokinetic), where several scenarios for energy management are proposed. They include a battery system as energy storage and a system without storage but with resale fee to grid, with the aim of determining the best economic and environmental balance. The results show that, by having a (PV-HKT-GRID) system with energy storage and no resale fee to the grid, the Net Present Cost (NPC) is increased by USD $ 132, 760 and the Cost of Energy (COE) decreases $ 0.013/kWh when compared to the grid. In addition, the same hybrid system without energy storage and no resale fee to grid, presents an energy cost savings of $ 0.043/kWh, and an additional cost of USD $ 43, 630. Finally, if a grid resale rate is included in the renewable hybrid system, then the difference is noticeable, the savings in the Cost of Energy is $ 0.073/kWh and presents a saving in the NPC of USD $ 39, 930. In all cases, CO2 emissions have been avoided.

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33

Ismail El, kafazi, Bannari Rachid, Lassioui Abdellah e Aboutafail My Othman. "Power Scheduling for Renewable Energy Connected to the grid". E3S Web of Conferences 64 (2018): 08008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186408008.

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In this work, a scheduling strategy considering an Energy Storage System (ESS) is proposed to manage the distributed energy resources (DERs) optimally in a grid-connected hybrid PV-wind-microgrid. In order to increase the use of the renewable energy sources and ensure a full charge in the battery for the next day. The optimization problem of this study is addressed through a linear mathematical model, to minimize the cost of energy bought from the utility grid and maximize the income for selling electricity generated by hybrid PV-wind. The optimization model is tested by using a simulation of the model. The achieved results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed scheduling strategy.

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Mahmud, S. M. Istiaque, Mohammad Abdul Mannan e Md Rifat Hazari. "Design and Performance Analysis of a PV Control Scheme to Improve LVRT of Hybrid Power System." AIUB Journal of Science and Engineering (AJSE) 20, n. 2 (15 maggio 2021): 20–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.53799/ajse.v20i2.127.

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Solar power stations worldwide have been rising every year as well as the usage of sustainable power has increased. The addition into the traditional electricity grid networks of renewable sources such as the photovoltaic (PV) system is an essential challenge, given its erratic power generation. The major issue is to detach PV from the faulty grid, which leads to fluctuation in the system's interconnected PV system and system-wide energy interruptions. The low voltage ride through (LVRT) enables the PV scheme should stay linked to the grid even under fault situations in short periods and must assist the grid return to regular situations according to the modern grid codes. Hence, this paper develops and analyzes five aspects of control strategy to increase PV station's LVRT capability. The in-depth simulation of the independent units of the grid-connected large-scale PV farm is accomplished using PSCAD/EMTDC to assess the feasibility of the suggested control tactic for the modified IEEE nine-bus system.

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Zieba Falama, Ruben, Felix Ngangoum Welaji, Abdouramani Dadjé, Virgil Dumbrava, Noël Djongyang, Chokri Ben Salah e Serge Yamigno Doka. "A Solution to the Problem of Electrical Load Shedding Using Hybrid PV/Battery/Grid-Connected System: The Case of Households’ Energy Supply of the Northern Part of Cameroon". Energies 14, n. 10 (14 maggio 2021): 2836. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14102836.

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A techno-economic study of a hybrid PV/Battery/Grid-connected system for energy supply is carried out in this paper to respond to the problem of electrical load shedding. An optimal design of the system is realized thanks to a double-objective optimization based on a proposed operational strategy of the system and on Firefly Algorithm (FA). The system is designed for household energy supply in three different towns of the northern part of Cameroon. For different LPSP (Loss of Power Supply Probability), the double objective simulation determines the optimal configurations of the system with their related cost. The optimal and reliable PV/Battery subsystem configuration corresponding to LPSP of 0% obtained for one household is composed for the towns of Maroua and Garoua by 8 PV modules and a battery capacity of 11.304 kWh with 1-day autonomy. For the town of Ngaoundéré, it is composed by 10 PV modules and battery capacity of 11.304 kWh with 1-day autonomy. The related investment costs corresponding to these optimal configurations are USD 6225.6 for Maroua and Garoua and USD 7136.6 for Ngaoundéré. The great proportion of the monthly energy demand consumed by the load is provided by the PV/Battery system. The monthly PV/Battery energy represents 60.385% to 72.546% of the load consumed in Maroua, 58.371% to 71.855% of the load consumed in Garoua, and 61.233% to 74.160% of the load consumed in Ngaoundéré. The annual main grid energy consumed for one household is 1299.524 kWh in Maroua, 1352.818 kWh in Garoua, and 1260.876 kWh in Ngaoundéré. Moreover, the annual PV/Battery energy consumed for one household is 1580.730 kWh in Maroua, 1527.815 kWh in Garoua, and 1619.530 kWh in Ngaoundéré. Thus, the PV/Battery system, by reducing the grid energy consumption, acts as the principal source of energy of the whole system. The time the PV/Battery/Grid-connected system needs to be economically more advantageous than the electric grid without blackouts is 17 years for Maroua and 18 years for both Garoua and Ngaoundéré. It is demonstrated in this paper that the hybrid PV/Battery/Grid-connected system is an effective solution for electrical load shedding in sub-Saharan zones. This system is very useful for grid energy consumption reduction. For a long-term investment, the PV/Battery/Grid-connected system is more economically advantageous than the main grid alone.

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36

Jahan, Arshi, e Mrs Preeti Gupta. "REACTIVE POWER COMPENSATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF INTEGRATED GRID TIED CASCADED HYBRID SYSTEM". SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJOSCIENCE 5, n. 6 (12 giugno 2019): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijoscience.v5i6.208.

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Abstract (sommario):

Cascaded multilevel converter structure can be fascinating for high-power solar photovoltaic (PV) systems due to its interchangeability, extensible, and dispensable maximum power point tracking (MPPT). Though, the power divergence in cascaded unitary PV transmute modules can cause unstable voltage and system operation. This paper highlights the concern, inspects the consequences of reactive power compensation and optimization on system security and power characteristics, and suggests synchronized active and reactive power distribution at the grid to diminish this instability. Also a wind energy system is connected parallel to the PV system to increase the system’s reliability. Additionally, an expansive control system with the reactive power compensation algorithm (RPCA) is suggested to acquire intense voltage regulation and competent power distribution.

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37

Xing, Zuo Xia, Guan Feng Zhang, Jin Song Liu e Xing Jia Yao. "Hybrid Energy Storage System to Stabilize the Power Fluctuation of Wind Power". Advanced Materials Research 608-609 (dicembre 2012): 487–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.608-609.487.

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Since distributed power generation equipment such as wind power contain electric power fluctuation connected into the power grid, hybrid energy storage (HESS) equipment for power compensation is used to solve the problems of reliability and operation of the utility power grid. Constant power control and Fuzzy-Rules-based control of AC-DC and BESS is proposed for smoothing the random wind power fluctuations, considering the operating constraints of the HESS, such as state of charge (SOC) and wind power (Pout). The simulation is accomplished by using a 9MW wind farm and the HESS in Matlab, The results show that by the proposed control methods of the bi-directional DC-DC converter and the DC-AC converter, the energy storage system can smooth the wind power outputs and provide reactive power support to the grid.

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38

Krishnaveni, S., M. Balachandar e R. Lakshmi. "Hybrid PV/Wind System Modeling & its Control in Grid Connected Mode". International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology 17, n. 1 (25 novembre 2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/22315381/ijett-v17p201.

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39

Serem, Noah, Lawrence K. Letting e Josiah Munda. "Voltage Profile and Sensitivity Analysis for a Grid Connected Solar, Wind and Small Hydro Hybrid System". Energies 14, n. 12 (15 giugno 2021): 3555. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14123555.

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Due to increase in integration of renewable energy into the grid and power quality issues arising from it, there is need for analysis and power improvement of such networks. This paper presents voltage profile, Q-V sensitivity analysis and Q-V curves analysis for a grid that is highly penetrated by renewable energy sources; solar PV, wind power and small hydro systems. Analysis is done on IEEE 39 bus test system with Wind power injection alone, PV power injection alone, with PV and wind power injection and with PV, wind and micro hydro power injection to the grid. The analysis is used to determine the buses where voltage stability improvement is needed. From the results, it was concluded that injection of the modeled wind power alone helped in stabilizing the voltage levels as determined from voltage profiles and reactive power margins. Replacing some of the conventional sources with PV power led to reduction of voltages for weak buses below the required standards. Injection of power from more than one renewable energy source helped in slightly improving the voltage levels. Distribution Static compensators (D-STATCOMs) were used to improve the voltage levels of the buses that were below the required standards.

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40

Çetinkaya, Nurettin, e Farhana Umer. "Effect of Neutral Grounding Protection Methods for Compensated Wind/PV Grid-Connected Hybrid Power Systems". International Journal of Photoenergy 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4860432.

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Abstract (sommario):

The effects of the wind/PV grid-connected system (GCS) can be categorized as technical, environmental, and economic impacts. It has a vital impact for improving the voltage in the power systems; however, it has some negative effects such as interfacing and fault clearing. This paper discusses different grounding methods for fault protection of High-voltage (HV) power systems. Influences of these grounding methods for various fault characteristics on wind/PV GCSs are discussed. Simulation models are implemented in the Alternative Transient Program (ATP) version of the Electromagnetic Transient Program (EMTP). The models allow for different fault factors and grounding methods. Results are obtained to evaluate the impact of each grounding method on the 3-phase short-circuit fault (SCF), double-line-to-ground (DLG) fault, and single-line-to-ground (SLG) fault features. Solid, resistance, and Petersen coil grounding are compared for different faults on wind/PV GCSs. Transient overcurrent and overvoltage waveforms are used to describe the fault case. This paper is intended as a guide to engineers in selecting adequate grounding and ground fault protection schemes for HV, for evaluating existing wind/PV GCSs to minimize the damage of the system components from faults. This research presents the contribution of wind/PV generators and their comparison with the conventional system alone.

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41

Bhuyan, Sujit Kumar, Prakash Kumar Hota e Bhagabat Panda. "Modeling, Control and Power Management Strategy of a Grid connected Hybrid Energy System". International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, n. 3 (1 giugno 2018): 1345. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i3.pp1345-1356.

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This paper presents the detailed modeling of various components of a grid connected hybrid energy system (HES) consisting of a photovoltaic (PV) system, a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), an electrolyzer and a hydrogen storage tank with a power flow controller. Also, a valve controlled by the proposed controller decides how much amount of fuel is consumed by fuel cell according to the load demand. In this paper fuel cell is used instead of battery bank because fuel cell is free from pollution. The control and power management strategies are also developed. When the PV power is sufficient then it can fulfill the load demand as well as feeds the extra power to the electrolyzer. By using the electrolyzer, the hydrogen is generated from the water and stored in storage tank and this hydrogen act as a fuel to SOFC. If the availability of the power from the PV system cannot fulfill the load demand, then the fuel cell fulfills the required load demand. The SOFC takes required amount of hydrogen as fuel, which is controlled by the PID controller through a valve. Effectiveness of this technology is verified by the help of computer simulations in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment under various loading conditions and promising results are obtained.

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42

Qonain, Rafat, Malik Rafi, Imran Khan e Shivley Sageer. "Ecological and Economical Friendly Analysis of A Hybrid Solar-Grid-Diesel Connected Power Generation System". International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) 7, n. 1 (1 aprile 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijape.v7.i1.pp1-9.

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This paper presents Importance of hybrid power system. This paper depicts model and simulation of a renewable energy based hybrid power system for improving power quality because optimal utilization of primary energy sources will increase the level of supply reliability. The combination of Grid, Photo Voltaic (PV) Array System, and Diesel generator systems are used for power generation. Due to variation in output power of solar panel, Diesel engine is also coupled to ensure reliable supply under all conditions. The results shows that the proposed hybrid power system can effectively manage the optimal utilization of primary energy sources and improves the power quality in an islanding as well as grid connected mode.

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43

Zhang, Yu Feng, Wen Qiang Xu, Zhi Yong Dai, Qiang Gang Wang e Nian Cheng Zhou. "Modeling and Testing of Hybrid Energy Microgrid with Wind Turbine and Photovoltaic Power". Advanced Materials Research 960-961 (giugno 2014): 813–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.960-961.813.

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Abstract (sommario):

Modeling of the wind and PV hybrid microgrid is carried out by PSCAD/EMTDC. The model includes direct-drive wind power generator, Single-stage photovoltaic power generation system and storage battery. Simulate and analyze the operating characteristics of the microgrid running in grid-connected and islanding mode, which take into account the actual wind speed and light intensity. The simulation results show that the battery is able to regulate the voltage of the point of common coupling and smooth the power fluctuation of wind generator and PV generation system in the grid-connected mode. The microgrid can isolate itself from the grid in a rapid and seamless fashion when the battery adopting P/V and Q/f control strategy based on the droop characteristics.

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Javadpoor, S., e D. Nazarpour. "Modeling a PV-FC-Hydrogen Hybrid Power Generation System". Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 7, n. 2 (24 aprile 2017): 1455–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.760.

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Electrical grid expansion onto remote areas is often not cost-effective and/or technologically feasible. Thus, isolated electrical systems are preferred in such cases. This paper focuses on a hybrid photovoltaic (PV)-hydrogen/fuel cell (FC) system which basic components include a PV, a FC, alkaline water electrolysis and a hydrogen gas tank. To increase the response rate, supercapacitors or small batteries are usually employed in such systems. This study focuses on the dynamics of the system. In the suggested structure, the PV is used as the main source of power. The FC is connected to the load in parallel with the PV by a transducer in order to inject the differential power while reducing power generation in relation to power consumption. An electrolyzer is used to convert the surplus power to hydrogen. This study studies a conventional hybrid photovoltaic-hydrogen/fuel cell system to evaluate different loading behaviors. Software modeling is done for the suggested hybrid system using MATLAB/SIMULINK.

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El Azzaoui, Marouane, Hassane Mahmoudi e Karima Boudaraia. "Backstepping Control of wind and photovoltaic hybrid Renewable Energy System". International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 7, n. 3 (1 settembre 2016): 677. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v7.i3.pp677-687.

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This paper deals with the interconnected grid hybrid renewable energy system (HRES). The wind energy conversion system (WECS), is built around a wind turbine coupled to a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG). The stator of DFIG is directly related to the grid and the rotor is connected to the grid through back-to-back power converters. The proposed algorithm combines the nonlinear Backstepping approach and the eld orientation applied to control the DFIG. In a rst step, this technique is applied to the side converter rotor (RSC), to control the electromagnetic torque and reactive power, and secondly, it is applied to the grid side converter (GSC) to control the power exchanged with the grid and regulate the DC bus voltage. The PV energy system is composed by the PV array and the DC-DC boost converter which controlled by the MPPT method to extract the optimal power. Simulations results present the performances in terms of set point tracking, stability, and robustness with respect to the variation in wind speed and irradiation.

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Shalash, Nadheer A., e Yasar N. Lafta. "PSS/E based placement wind/PV hybrid system to improve stability of Iraqi grid". International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 10, n. 1 (1 febbraio 2020): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp91-104.

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Abstract (sommario):

Proper employment of Hybrid Wind/ PV system is often implemented near the load, and it is linked with the grid to study dynamic stability analysis. Generally, instability is because of sudden load demand variant and variant in renewable sources generation. As well as, weather variation creates several factors that affect the operation of the integrated hybrid system. So this paper introduces output result of a PV /wind via power electronic technique; DC chopper; that is linked to Iraqi power system to promote the facilitating achievement of Wind/ PV voltage. Moreover, PSS/E is used to study dynamic power stability for hybrid system which is attached to an effective region of Iraqi Network. The hybrid system is connected to Amara Old bus and fault bus is achieved to that bus and the stability results reflects that settling time after disturbance is not satisfactory. But, it is found that PV/wind generation system influences Iraqi grid stability to be better than that with only PV generation and the latter is better than stability of the grid that is enhanced with only wind generation. These results represent an important guideline for Iraqi power system planner.

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Tesfahunegn, S. G., Amin Hajizadeh, Tore M. Undeland, O. Ulleberg e P. J. S. Vie. "Modelling and Control of Grid-Connected PV/Fuel Cell/Battery Hybrid Power System". International Journal on Energy Conversion (IRECON) 6, n. 5 (30 settembre 2018): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.15866/irecon.v6i5.16652.

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48

Bechouat, Mohcene, Moussa Sedraoui, Youcef Soufi, Laatra Yousfi, Abdelhalim Borni e Sami Kahla. "Particle Swarm Optimization Backstepping Controller for a Grid - Connected PV/Wind Hybrid System". Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review 10, n. 1 (febbraio 2017): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.25103/jestr.101.13.

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49

Yang, Yahong. "Multi-Input Single-Phase Grid-Connected Inverter for Hybrid PV/Wind Power System". International Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy 3, n. 2 (2014): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20140302.11.

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50

Li, Shuchun, Fengchun Sun, Hongwen He e Yong Chen. "Optimization for a Grid-connected Hybrid PV-wind-retired HEV Battery Microgrid System". Energy Procedia 105 (maggio 2017): 1634–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.03.532.

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